AD7467BRM

1.6 V, Micropower 12-/10-/8-Bit ADCs AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 FEATURES Specified for VDD of 1.6 V to 3.6 V Low power: 0.62 mW typical at 100 kSPS with 3 V supplies 0.48 mW typical at 50 kSPS with 3.6 V supplies 0.12 mW typical at 100 kSPS with 1.6 V supplies Fast throughput rate: 200 kSPS Wide input bandwidth: 71 dB SNR at 30 kHz input frequency Flexible power/serial clock speed management No pipeline delays High speed serial interface: SPI/QSPI™/MICROWIRE™/DSP compatible Automatic power-down Power-down mode: 8 nA typical 6-lead SOT-23 package 8-lead MSOP package FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD VIN T/H 12-/10-/8-BIT SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION ADC SCLK CONTROL LOGIC SDATA CS GND Figure 1. APPLICATIONS Battery-powered systems Medical instruments Remote data acquisition Isolated data acquisition GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are 12-/10-/8-bit, high speed, low power, successive approximation analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), respectively. The parts operate from a single 1.6 V to 3.6 V power supply and feature throughput rates up to 200 kSPS with low power dissipation. The parts contain a low noise, wide bandwidth track-and-hold amplifier, which can handle input frequencies in excess of 3 MHz. The conversion process and data acquisition are controlled using CS and the serial clock, allowing the devices to interface with microprocessors or DSPs. The input signal is sampled on the falling edge of CS, and the conversion is also initiated at this point. There are no pipeline delays associated with the part. The reference for the part is taken internally from VDD. This allows the widest dynamic input range to the ADC. Thus, the analog input range for the part is 0 V to VDD. The conversion rate is determined by the SCLK. 1 PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 1 1. 2. 3. Specified for supply voltages of 1.6 V to 3.6 V. 12-, 10-, and 8-bit ADCs in SOT-23 and MSOP packages. High throughput rate with low power consumption. Power consumption in normal mode of operation at 100 kSPS and 3 V is 0.9 mW maximum. Flexible power/serial clock speed management. The conversion rate is determined by the serial clock, allowing the conversion time to be reduced through increases in the serial clock speed. Automatic power-down after conversion allows the average power consumption to be reduced when in power-down. Current consumption is 0.1 μA maximum and 8 nA typically when in power-down. Reference derived from the power supply. No pipeline delay. The part features a standard successive approximation ADC with accurate control of conversions via a CS input. 4. 5. 6. 7. Protected by U.S. Patent No. 6,681,332. Rev. C Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2003–2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. 02643-001 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Applications....................................................................................... 1 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Product Highlights ........................................................................... 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 AD7466 .......................................................................................... 3 AD7467 .......................................................................................... 5 AD7468 .......................................................................................... 7 Timing Specifications .................................................................. 9 Timing Examples........................................................................ 10 Absolute Maximum Ratings.......................................................... 11 ESD Caution................................................................................ 11 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ......................... 12 Typical Performance Characteristics ........................................... 13 Dynamic Performance Curves ................................................. 13 DC Accuracy Curves ................................................................. 13 Power Requirement Curves ...................................................... 13 Terminology .................................................................................... 16 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 17 Circuit Information.................................................................... 17 Converter Operation.................................................................. 17 ADC Transfer Function............................................................. 17 Typical Connection Diagram ................................................... 17 Analog Input ............................................................................... 18 Digital Inputs .............................................................................. 18 Normal Mode.............................................................................. 19 Power Consumption .................................................................. 20 Serial Interface ................................................................................ 22 Microprocessor Interfacing....................................................... 23 Application Hints ........................................................................... 25 Grounding and Layout .............................................................. 25 Evaluating the Performance of the AD7466 and AD7467.... 25 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 26 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 27 REVISION HISTORY 5/07—Rev. B to Rev. C Deleted Figure 3.............................................................................. 10 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 26 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 27 4/05—Rev. A to Rev. B Moved Terminology Section......................................................... 16 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 27 11/04—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Updated Format..................................................................Universal Changes to General Description .................................................... 1 Added Patent Number ..................................................................... 1 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 26 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 27 5/03—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. C | Page 2 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 SPECIFICATIONS AD7466 VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V, fSCLK = 3.4 MHz, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS, unless otherwise noted. TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. The temperature range for the B version is −40°C to +85°C. Table 1. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (SINAD) B Version 69 70 70 70 71 71 70.5 −83 −85 Unit dB min dB min dB typ dB min dB typ dB min dB typ dB typ dB typ Test Conditions/Comments fIN = 30 kHz sine wave 1.8 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2 V; see the Terminology section 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V VDD = 1.6 V 1.8 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2 V; see the Terminology section 1.8 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2 V 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V VDD = 1.6 V See the Terminology section See the Terminology section fa = 29.1 kHz, fb = 29.9 kHz; see the Terminology section Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise (SFDR) Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) Second-Order Terms Third-Order Terms Aperture Delay Aperture Jitter Full Power Bandwidth −84 −86 10 40 3.2 1.9 750 450 dB typ dB typ ns typ ps typ MHz typ MHz typ kHz typ kHz typ DC ACCURACY Resolution Integral Nonlinearity Differential Nonlinearity Offset Error Gain Error Total Unadjusted Error (TUE) ANALOG INPUT Input Voltage Ranges DC Leakage Current Input Capacitance LOGIC INPUTS Input High Voltage, VINH Input Low Voltage, VINL 12 ±1.5 −0.9/+1.5 ±1 ±1 ±2 0 to VDD ±1 20 0.7 × VDD 2 0.2 × VDD 0.3 × VDD 0.8 ±1 ±1 10 Bits LSB max LSB max LSB max LSB max LSB max V μA max pF typ V min V min V max V max V max μA max μA typ pF max @ 3 dB, 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V @ 3 dB, 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.2 V @ 0.1 dB, 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V @ 0.1 dB, 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.2 V Maximum specifications apply as typical figures when VDD = 1.6 V See the Terminology section Guaranteed no missed codes to 12 bits; see the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section Input Current, IIN, SCLK Pin Input Current, IIN, CS Pin Input Capacitance, CIN 1.6 V ≤ VDD < 2.7 V 2.7 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V 1.6 V ≤ VDD < 1.8 V 1.8 V ≤ VDD < 2.7 V 2.7 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V Typically 20 nA, VIN = 0 V or VDD Sample tested at 25°C to ensure compliance Rev. C | Page 3 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 Parameter LOGIC OUTPUTS Output High Voltage, VOH Output Low Voltage, VOL Floating-State Leakage Current Floating-State Output Capacitance Output Coding CONVERSION RATE Conversion Time Throughput Rate POWER REQUIREMENTS VDD IDD Normal Mode (Operational) B Version VDD − 0.2 0.2 ±1 10 Straight (natural) binary 4.70 200 1.6/3.6 300 110 20 240 80 16 165 50 10 0.1 0.9 0.6 0.3 0.3 Unit V min V max μA max pF max Test Conditions/Comments ISOURCE = 200 μA, VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V ISINK = 200 μA μs max kSPS max V min/max μA max μA typ μA typ μA max μA typ μA typ μA max μA typ μA typ μA max mW max mW max mW max μW max 16 SCLK cycles with SCLK at 3.4 MHz See the Serial Interface section Power-Down Mode Power Dissipation Normal Mode (Operational) Power-Down Mode Digital inputs = 0 V or VDD VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 50 kSPS VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 10 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 50 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 10 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 50 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 10 kSPS SCLK on or off, typically 8 nA See the Power Consumption section VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 3 V Rev. C | Page 4 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 AD7467 VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V, fSCLK = 3.4 MHz, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS, unless otherwise noted. TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. The temperature range for the B version is −40°C to +85°C. Table 2. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (SINAD) Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise (SFDR) Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) Second-Order Terms Third-Order Terms Aperture Delay Aperture Jitter Full Power Bandwidth B Version Unit Test Conditions/Comments Maximum/minimum specifications apply as typical figures when VDD = 1.6 V, fIN = 30 kHz sine wave See the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section fa = 29.1 kHz, fb = 29.9 kHz; see the Terminology section 61 −72 −74 −83 −83 10 40 3.2 1.9 750 450 dB min dB max dB max dB typ dB typ ns typ ps typ MHz typ MHz typ kHz typ kHz typ DC ACCURACY Resolution Integral Nonlinearity Differential Nonlinearity Offset Error Gain Error Total Unadjusted Error (TUE) ANALOG INPUT Input Voltage Ranges DC Leakage Current Input Capacitance LOGIC INPUTS Input High Voltage, VINH Input Low Voltage, VINL 10 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.2 ±0.2 ±1 0 to VDD ±1 20 0.7 × VDD 2 0.2 × VDD 0.3 × VDD 0.8 ±1 ±1 10 VDD − 0.2 0.2 ±1 10 Straight (natural) binary 3.52 275 Bits LSB max LSB max LSB max LSB max LSB max V μA max pF typ V min V min V max V max V max μA max μA typ pF max V min V max μA max pF max @ 3 dB, 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V @ 3 dB, 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.2 V @ 0.1 dB, 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V @ 0.1 dB, 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.2 V Maximum specifications apply as typical figures when VDD = 1.6 V See the Terminology section Guaranteed no missed codes to 10 bits; see the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section Input Current, IIN, SCLK Pin Input Current, IIN, CS Pin Input Capacitance, CIN LOGIC OUTPUTS Output High Voltage, VOH Output Low Voltage, VOL Floating-State Leakage Current Floating-State Output Capacitance Output Coding CONVERSION RATE Conversion Time Throughput Rate 1.6 V ≤ VDD < 2.7 V 2.7 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V 1.6 V ≤ VDD < 1.8 V 1.8 V ≤V DD < 2.7 V 2.7 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V Typically 20 nA, VIN = 0 V or VDD Sample tested at 25°C to ensure compliance ISOURCE = 200 μA, VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V ISINK = 200 μA Sample tested at 25°C to ensure compliance μs max kSPS max 12 SCLK cycles with SCLK at 3.4 MHz See the Serial Interface section Rev. C | Page 5 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 Parameter POWER REQUIREMENTS VDD IDD Normal Mode (Operational) B Version 1.6/3.6 210 170 140 0.1 0.63 0.42 0.25 0.3 Unit V min/max μA max μA max μA max μA max mW max mW max mW max μW max Digital inputs = 0 V or VDD VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS SCLK on or off, typically 8 nA See the Power Consumption section VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 3 V Test Conditions/Comments Power-Down Mode Power Dissipation Normal Mode (Operational) Power-Down Mode Rev. C | Page 6 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 AD7468 VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V, fSCLK = 3.4 MHz, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS, unless otherwise noted. TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. The temperature range for the B version is −40°C to +85°C. Table 3. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (SINAD) Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise (SFDR) Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) Second-Order Terms Third-Order Terms Aperture Delay Aperture Jitter Full Power Bandwidth B Version Unit Test Conditions/Comments Maximum/minimum specifications apply as typical figures when VDD = 1.6 V, fIN = 30 kHz sine wave See the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section fa = 29.1 kHz, fb = 29.9 kHz; see the Terminology section −77 −77 10 40 3.2 1.9 750 450 dB typ dB typ ns typ ps typ MHz typ MHz typ kHz typ kHz typ 49 −66 −66 dB min dB max dB max DC ACCURACY Resolution Integral Nonlinearity Differential Nonlinearity Offset Error Gain Error Total Unadjusted Error (TUE) ANALOG INPUT Input Voltage Ranges DC Leakage Current Input Capacitance LOGIC INPUTS Input High Voltage, VINH Input Low Voltage, VINL 8 ±0.2 ±0.2 ±0.1 ±0.1 ±0.3 0 to VDD ±1 20 0.7 × VDD 2 0.2 × VDD 0.3 × VDD 0.8 ±1 ±1 10 VDD − 0.2 0.2 ±1 10 Straight (natural) binary 2.94 320 Bits LSB max LSB max LSB max LSB max LSB max V μA max pF typ V min V min V max V max V max μA max μA typ pF max V min V max μA max pF max @ 3 dB, 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V @ 3 dB, 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.2 V @ 0.1 dB, 2.5 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V @ 0.1 dB, 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.2 V Maximum specifications apply as typical figures when VDD = 1.6 V See the Terminology section Guaranteed no missed codes to 8 bits; see the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section See the Terminology section Input Current, IIN, SCLK Pin Input Current, IIN, CS Pin Input Capacitance, CIN LOGIC OUTPUTS Output High Voltage, VOH Output Low Voltage, VOL Floating-State Leakage Current Floating-State Output Capacitance Output Coding CONVERSION RATE Conversion Time Throughput Rate 1.6 V ≤ VDD < 2.7 V 2.7 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V 1.6 V ≤ VDD < 1.8 V 1.8 V ≤ VDD < 2.7 V 2.7 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V Typically 20 nA, VIN = 0 V or VDD Sample tested at 25°C to ensure compliance ISOURCE = 200 μA; VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V ISINK = 200 μA Sample tested at 25°C to ensure compliance μs max kSPS max 10 SCLK cycles with SCLK at 3.4 MHz See the Serial Interface section Rev. C | Page 7 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 Parameter POWER REQUIREMENTS VDD IDD Normal Mode (Operational) B Version 1.6/3.6 190 155 120 0.1 0.57 0.4 0.2 0.3 Unit V min/max μA max μA max μA max μA max mW max mW max mW max μW max Digital inputs = 0 V or VDD VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS SCLK on or off, typically 8 nA See the Power Consumption section VDD = 3 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 2.5 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 1.8 V, fSAMPLE = 100 kSPS VDD = 3 V Test Conditions/Comments Power-Down Mode Power Dissipation Normal Mode (Operational) Power-Down Mode Rev. C | Page 8 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 TIMING SPECIFICATIONS For all devices, VDD = 1.6 V to 3.6 V; TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Sample tested at 25°C to ensure compliance. All input signals are specified with tr = tf = 5 ns (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of 1.4 V. Table 4. Parameter fSCLK Limit at TMIN, TMAX 3.4 10 20 150 16 × tSCLK 12 × tSCLK 10 × tSCLK Unit MHz max kHz min kHz min kHz min Description Mark/space ratio for the SCLK input is 40/60 to 60/40. 1.6 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3 V; minimum fSCLK at which specifications are guaranteed. VDD = 3.3 V; minimum fSCLK at which specifications are guaranteed. VDD = 3.6 V; minimum fSCLK at which specifications are guaranteed. AD7466. AD7467. AD7468. Acquisition time/power-up time from power-down. See the Terminology section. The acquisition time is the time required for the part to acquire a full-scale step input value within ±1 LSB or a 30 kHz ac input value within ±0.5 LSB. VDD = 1.6 V. 1.8 V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6 V. Minimum quiet time required between bus relinquish and the start of the next conversion. Minimum CS pulse width. CS to SCLK setup time. If VDD = 1.6 V and fSCLK = 3.4 MHz, t2 has to be 192 ns minimum in order to meet the maximum figure for the acquisition time. Delay from CS until SDATA is three-state disabled. Measured with the load circuit in Figure 2 and defined as the time required for the output to cross the VIH or VIL voltage. Data access time after SCLK falling edge. Measured with the load circuit in Figure 2 and defined as the time required for the output to cross the VIH or VIL voltage. SCLK low pulse width. SCLK high pulse width. SCLK to data valid hold time. Measured with the load circuit in Figure 2 and defined as the time required for the output to cross the VIH or VIL voltage. SCLK falling edge to SDATA three-state. t8 is derived from the measured time taken by the data outputs to change 0.5 V when loaded with the circuit in Figure 2. The measured number is then extrapolated back to remove the effects of charging or discharging the 50 pF capacitor. This means that the time, t8, quoted in the timing characteristics, is the true bus relinquish time of the part, and is independent of the bus loading. SCLK falling edge to SDATA three-state. tCONVERT Acquisition Time tQUIET t1 t2 t3 780 640 10 10 55 55 ns max ns max ns min ns min ns min ns max t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 140 0.4 tSCLK 0.4 tSCLK 10 60 ns max ns min ns min ns min ns max 7 ns min 200μA IOL TO OUTPUT PIN 1.4V CL 50pF 200μA IOH 02643-002 Figure 2. Load Circuit for Digital Output Timing Specifications Rev. C | Page 9 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 TIMING EXAMPLES Figure 3 shows some of the timing parameters from Table 4 in the Timing Specifications section. Timing Example 2 The AD7466 can also operate with slower clock frequencies. As shown in Figure 3, assuming VDD = 1.8 V, fSCLK = 2 MHz, and a throughput of 50 kSPS gives a cycle time of tCONVERT + t8 + tQUIET = 20 μs. With tCONVERT = t2 + 15(1/fSCLK) = 55 ns + 7.5 μs = 7.55 μs, and t8 = 60 ns maximum, this leaves tQUIET to be 12.39 μs, which satisfies the requirement of 10 ns for tQUIET. The part is fully powered up and the signal is fully acquired at Point A, which means the acquisition/power-up time is t2 + 2(1/fSCLK) = 55 ns + 1 μs = 1.05 μs, satisfying the maximum requirement of 640 ns for the power-up time. In this example and with other slower clock values, the part is fully powered up and the signal already acquired before the third SCLK falling edge; however, the track-and-hold does not go into hold mode until that point. In this example, the part can be powered up and the signal can be fully acquired at approximately Point B in Figure 3. Timing Example 1 As shown in Figure 3, fSCLK = 3.4 MHz and a throughput of 100 kSPS gives a cycle time of tCONVERT + t8 + tQUIET = 10 μs. Assuming VDD = 1.8 V, tCONVERT = t2 + 15(1/fSCLK) = 55 ns + 4.41 μs = 4.46 μs, and t8 = 60 ns maximum, then tQUIET = 5.48 μs, which satisfies the requirement of 10 ns for tQUIET. The part is fully powered up and the signal is fully acquired at Point A. This means that the acquisition/power-up time is t2 + 2(1/fSCLK) = 55 ns + 588 ns = 643 ns, satisfying the maximum requirement of 640 ns for the power-up time. CS tCONVERT t2 SCLK B 1 2 A 3 4 5 13 14 15 16 t8 tQUIET ACQUISITION TIME TRACK-AND-HOLD IN TRACK TRACK-AND-HOLD IN HOLD AUTOMATIC POWER-DOWN POINT A: THE PART IF FULLY POWERED UP WITH VIN FULLY ACQUIRED. Figure 3. AD7466 Serial Interface Timing Diagram Example Rev. C | Page 10 of 28 02643-004 1/THROUGHPUT AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Transient currents of up to 100 mA do not cause SCR latch-up. Table 5. Parameter VDD to GND Analog Input Voltage to GND Digital Input Voltage to GND Digital Output Voltage to GND Input Current to any Pin Except Supplies Operating Temperature Range Commercial (B Version) Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature SOT-23 Package θJA Thermal Impedance θJC Thermal Impedance MSOP Package θJA Thermal Impedance θJC Thermal Impedance Lead Temperature, Soldering Vapor Phase (60 sec) Infrared (15 sec) ESD Rating −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V −0.3 V to +7 V −0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V ±10 mA −40°C to +85°C −65°C to +150°C 150°C 229.6°C/W 91.99°C/W 205.9°C/W 43.74°C/W 215°C 220°C 3.5 kV Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD CAUTION Rev. C | Page 11 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS VDD 1 GND 2 VIN 3 02643-005 AD7466/ AD7467/ AD7468 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 6 CS 5 SDATA 4 SCLK CS 1 SDATA 2 SCLK 3 NC 4 AD7466/ AD7467/ AD7468 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 8 7 6 5 VDD GND VIN 02643-006 NC NC = NO CONNECT Figure 4. SOT-23 Pin Configuration Figure 5. MSOP Pin Configuration Table 6. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. SOT-23 MSOP 6 1 1 2 3 5 8 7 6 2 Mnemonic CS VDD GND VIN SDATA Description Chip Select. Active low logic input. This input provides the dual function of initiating conversions on the devices and frames the serial data transfer. Power Supply Input. The VDD range for the devices is from 1.6 V to 3.6 V. Analog Ground. Ground reference point for all circuitry on the devices. All analog input signals should be referred to this GND voltage. Analog Input. Single-ended analog input channel. The input range is 0 V to VDD. Data Out. Logic output. The conversion result from the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 is provided on this output as a serial data stream. The bits are clocked out on the falling edge of the SCLK input. The data stream from the AD7466 consists of four leading zeros followed by the 12 bits of conversion data, provided MSB first. The data stream from the AD7467 consists of four leading zeros followed by the 10 bits of conversion data, provided MSB first. The data stream from the AD7468 consists of four leading zeros followed by the 8 bits of conversion data, provided MSB first. Serial Clock. Logic input. SCLK provides the serial clock for accessing data from the parts. This clock input is also used as the clock source for the conversion process of the parts. No Connect. 4 3 4, 5 SCLK NC Rev. C | Page 12 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE CURVES Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 8 show typical FFT plots for the AD7466, AD7467, and AD7468, respectively, at a 100 kSPS sample rate and a 30 kHz input tone. Figure 9 shows the signal-to-noise and distortion ratio performance vs. input frequency for various supply voltages while sampling at 100 kSPS with an SCLK frequency of 3.4 MHz for the AD7466. Figure 10 shows the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance vs. input frequency for various supply voltages while sampling at 100 kSPS with an SCLK frequency of 3.4 MHz for the AD7466. Figure 11 shows the total harmonic distortion (THD) vs. analog input signal frequency for various supply voltages while sampling at 100 kSPS with an SCLK frequency of 3.4 MHz for the AD7466. Figure 12 shows the THD vs. analog input frequency for different source impedances with a supply voltage of 2.7 V, an 25 5 –15 8192 POINT FFT VDD = 1.8V fSAMPLE = 100kSPS fIN = 30kHz SINAD = 70.82dB THD = –84.18dB SFDR = –85.48dB SCLK frequency of 3.4 MHz, and sampling at a rate of 100 kSPS for the AD7466 (see the Analog Input section). DC ACCURACY CURVES Figure 13 and Figure 14 show typical INL and DNL performance for the AD7466. POWER REQUIREMENT CURVES Figure 15 shows the supply current vs. supply voltage for the AD7466 at −40°C, +25°C, and +85°C, with SCLK frequency of 3.4 MHz and a sampling rate of 100 kSPS. Figure 16 shows the maximum current vs. supply voltage for the AD7466 with different SCLK frequencies. Figure 17 shows the shutdown current vs. supply voltage. Figure 18 shows the power consumption vs. throughput rate for the AD7466 with an SCLK of 3.4 MHz and different supply voltages. See the Power Consumption section for more details. 15 –5 –25 8192 POINT FFT VDD = 1.8V fSAMPLE = 100kSPS fIN = 30kHz SINAD = 61.51dB THD = –80.61dB SFDR = –82.10dB SNR (dB) –35 –55 –75 –95 –115 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 FREQUENCY (kHz) 40 45 50 SNR (dB) –45 –65 –85 02643-007 02643-008 –105 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 FREQUENCY (kHz) 40 45 50 Figure 6. AD7466 Dynamic Performance at 100 kSPS Figure 7. AD7467 Dynamic Performance at 100 kSPS Rev. C | Page 13 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 5 –5 –15 –25 8192 POINT FFT VDD = 1.8V fSAMPLE = 100kSPS fIN = 30kHz SINAD = 49.83dB THD = –79.37dB SFDR = –70.46dB THD (dB) –65 –67 –69 –71 –73 TEMP = 25°C SNR (dB) –35 –45 –55 –65 –75 02643-009 VDD = 1.8V –75 VDD = 2.2V –77 –79 –81 –83 VDD = 3.6V –85 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) VDD = 2.7V 02643-012 VDD = 1.6V VDD = 3V –85 –95 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 FREQUENCY (kHz) 40 45 50 100 Figure 8. AD7468 Dynamic Performance at 100 kSPS Figure 11. AD7466 THD vs. Analog Input Frequency at 100 kSPS for Various Supply Voltages –76 TEMP = 25°C VDD = 2.7V –65 TEMP = 25°C –66 –67 –68 THD (dB) –77 –78 –79 –80 –81 –82 02643-010 SINAD (dB) RIN = 1kΩ RIN = 10Ω –69 VDD = 1.8V VDD = 1.6V VDD = 2.2V –70 –71 –72 VDD = 3.6V –73 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) VDD = 3V VDD = 2.7V –84 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) RIN = 0Ω 100 100 Figure 9. AD7466 SINAD vs. Analog Input Frequency at 100 kSPS for Various Supply Voltages –68.0 –68.5 –69.0 INL ERROR (LSB) Figure 12. AD7466 THD vs. Analog Input Frequency for Various Source Impedances 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 VDD = 1.8V TEMP = 25°C fIN = 50Hz fSAMPLE = 100kSPS TEMP = 25°C –69.5 SNR (dB) –70.0 VDD = 1.8V –70.5 –71.0 –71.5 –72.0 VDD = 1.6V VDD = 2.2V 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 02643-011 –72.5 –73.0 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) VDD = 3.6V VDD = 3V VDD = 2.7V –0.8 –1.0 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 CODE 3072 3584 100 4096 Figure 10. AD7466 SNR vs. Analog Input Frequency at 100 kSPS for Various Supply Voltages Figure 13. AD7466 INL Performance Rev. C | Page 14 of 28 02643-014 02643-013 –83 RIN = 510Ω RIN = 100Ω AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 1.0 0.8 0.6 VDD = 1.8V TEMP = 25°C fIN = 50Hz fSAMPLE = 100kSPS 2.5 2.0 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA) TEMP = +85°C DNL ERROR (LSB) 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 CODE 3072 3584 02643-015 1.5 1.0 TEMP = +25°C 0.5 TEMP = –40°C 02643-018 4096 0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3.5 4.0 Figure 14. AD7466 DNL Performance Figure 17. Shutdown Current vs. Supply Voltage 290 265 240 fSAMPLE = 100kSPS TEMP = –40°C 1.4 TEMP = 25°C 1.2 VDD = 3.0V SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) TEMP = +25°C 215 1.0 POWER (mW) 190 165 140 TEMP = +85°C 115 90 65 1.4 02643-016 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 50 100 150 THROUGHPUT (kSPS) VDD = 2.7V VDD = 2.2V VDD = 1.8V 02643-019 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 200 250 Figure 15. AD7466 Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage, SCLK 3.4 MHz Figure 18. AD7466 Power Consumption vs. Throughput Rate, SCLK 3.4 MHz 560 500 TEMP = 25°C fSCLK = 3.4MHz, fSAMPLE = 200kSPS fSCLK = 2.4MHz, fSAMPLE = 140kSPS MAXIMUM CURRENT (μA) 440 380 320 260 200 fSCLK = 1.2MHz, fSAMPLE = 50kSPS 02643-017 140 80 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 Figure 16. AD7466 Maximum Current vs. Supply Voltage for Different SCLK Frequencies Rev. C | Page 15 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 TERMINOLOGY Integral Nonlinearity (INL) The maximum deviation from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the ADC transfer function. For the AD7466/ AD7467/AD7468, the endpoints of the transfer function are zero scale, a point 1 LSB below the first code transition, and full scale, a point 1 LSB above the last code transition. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) The difference between the measured and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes in the ADC. Offset Error The deviation of the first code transition (00 . . . 000) to (00 . . . 001) from the ideal (that is, AGND + 1 LSB). Gain Error The deviation of the last code transition (111 . . . 110) to (111…111) from the ideal (that is, VREF − 1 LSB) after the offset error has been adjusted out. Track-and-Hold Acquisition Time The time required for the part to acquire a full-scale step input value within ±1 LSB, or a 30 kHz ac input value within ±0.5 LSB. The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 enter track mode on the CS falling edge, and return to hold mode on the third SCLK falling edge. The parts remain in hold mode until the following CS falling edge. See Figure 3 and the Serial Interface section for more details. Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) The measured ratio of signal to noise at the output of the ADC. The signal is the rms value of the sine wave input. Noise is the rms quantization error within the Nyquist bandwidth (fS/2). The rms value of the sine wave is half of its peak-to-peak value divided by √2, and the rms value for the quantization noise is q/√12. The ratio depends on the number of quantization levels in the digitization process; the more levels, the smaller the quantization noise. For an ideal N-bit converter, the SNR is defined as SNR = 6.02 N + 1.76 db Thus, for a 12-bit converter, it is 74 dB; for a 10-bit converter, it is 62 dB; and for an 8-bit converter, it is 50 dB. However, in practice, various error sources in the ADCs cause the measured SNR to be less than the theoretical value. These errors occur due to integral and differential nonlinearities, internal ac noise sources, and so on. Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SINAD) The measured ratio of signal-to-noise and distortion at the output of the ADC. The signal is the rms value of the sine wave, and noise is the rms sum of all nonfundamental signals up to half the sampling frequency (fS/2), including harmonics, but excluding dc. Total Unadjusted Error (TUE) A comprehensive specification that includes gain error, linearity error, and offset error. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) The ratio of the rms sum of harmonics to the fundamental. For the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468, it is defined as THD (dB ) = 20 log V22 + V32 + V42 + V52 + V62 V1 where V1 is the rms amplitude of the fundamental, and V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6 are the rms amplitudes of the second through sixth harmonics. Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise (SFDR) The ratio of the rms value of the next-largest component in the ADC output spectrum (up to fS/2 and excluding dc) to the rms value of the fundamental. Typically, the value of this specification is determined by the largest harmonic in the spectrum, but for ADCs where the harmonics are buried in the noise floor, it is a noise peak. Intermodulation Distortion (IMD) With inputs consisting of sine waves at two frequencies, fa and fb, any active device with nonlinearities creates distortion products at sum and difference frequencies of mfa ± nfb, where m, n = 0, 1, 2, 3, and so on. Intermodulation distortion terms are those for which neither m nor n are equal to zero. For example, the second-order terms include (fa + fb) and (fa − fb), while the third-order terms include (2fa + fb), (2fa – fb), (fa + 2fb), and (fa − 2fb). The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are tested using the CCIF standard where two input frequencies are used. In this case, the second-order terms are usually distanced in frequency from the original sine waves, while the third-order terms are usually at a frequency close to the input frequencies. As a result, the second- and third-order terms are specified separately. The calculation of the intermodulation distortion is as per the THD specification, where it is the ratio of the rms sum of the individual distortion products to the rms amplitude of the sum of the fundamentals, expressed in dB. Rev. C | Page 16 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 THEORY OF OPERATION CIRCUIT INFORMATION The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are fast, micropower, 12-bit, 10-bit, and 8-bit ADCs, respectively. The parts can be operated from a 1.6 V to 3.6 V supply. When operated from any supply voltage within this range, the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are capable of throughput rates of 200 kSPS when provided with a 3.4 MHz clock. The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 provide the user with an onchip track-and-hold, an ADC, and a serial interface housed in a tiny 6-lead SOT-23 or an 8-lead MSOP package, which offer the user considerable space-saving advantages over alternative solutions. The serial clock input accesses data from the part, but also provides the clock source for the successive approximation ADC. The analog input range is 0 V to VDD. An external reference is not required for the ADC, and there is no on-chip reference. The reference for the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 is derived from the power supply, thus giving the widest possible dynamic input range. The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 also feature an automatic power-down mode to allow power savings between conversions. The power-down feature is implemented across the standard serial interface, as described in the Normal Mode section. A SW1 B SAMPLING CAPACITOR CHARGE REDISTRIBUTION DAC VIN CONVERSION PHASE VDD/2 SW2 COMPARATOR CONTROL LOGIC 02643-021 02643-022 AGND Figure 20. ADC Conversion Phase ADC TRANSFER FUNCTION The output coding of the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 is straight binary. The designed code transitions occur at successive integer LSB values; that is, 1 LSB, 2 LSB, and so on. The LSB size for the devices is as follows: VDD/4096 for the AD7466 VDD/1024 for the AD7467 VDD/256 for the AD7468 The ideal transfer characteristics for the devices are shown in Figure 21. 111...111 111...110 ADC CODE CONVERTER OPERATION The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are successive approximation analog-to-digital converters based around a charge redistribution DAC. Figure 19 and Figure 20 show simplified schematics of the ADC. Figure 19 shows the ADCs during the acquisition phase. SW2 is closed and SW1 is in Position A, the comparator is held in a balanced condition, and the sampling capacitor acquires the signal on VIN. CHARGE REDISTRIBUTION DAC A SW1 B AGND SAMPLING CAPACITOR CONTROL LOGIC SW2 COMPARATOR VDD/2 02643-020 111...000 011...111 000...010 000...001 000...000 0V 1LSB 1LSB = VDD/4096 (AD7466) 1LSB = VDD/1024 (AD7467) 1LSB = VDD/256 (AD7468) +VDD – 1LSB ANALOG INPUT Figure 21. AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 Transfer Characteristics TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM Figure 22 shows a typical connection diagram for the devices. VREF is taken internally from VDD and, therefore, VDD should be well decoupled. This provides an analog input range of 0 V to VDD. 2.5V 240μA 680nF VDD 0V TO VDD INPUT VIN SCLK 0.1μF 1μF TANT REF192 10μF 0.1μF 5V SUPPLY VIN ACQUISITION PHASE Figure 19. ADC Acquisition Phase When the ADC starts a conversion, as shown in Figure 20, SW2 opens and SW1 moves to Position B, causing the comparator to become unbalanced. The control logic and the charge redistribution DAC are used to add and subtract fixed amounts of charge from the sampling capacitor to bring the comparator back into a balanced condition. When the comparator is rebalanced, the conversion is complete. The control logic generates the ADC output code. Figure 21 shows the ADC transfer function. AD7466 GND SDATA CS SERIAL INTERFACE μC/μP Figure 22. REF192 as Power Supply to AD7466 Rev. C | Page 17 of 28 02643-023 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 The conversion result consists of four leading zeros followed by the MSB of the 12-bit, 10-bit, or 8-bit result from the AD7466, AD7467, or AD7468, respectively. See the Serial Interface section. Alternatively, because the supply current required by the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 is so low, a precision reference can be used as the supply source to the devices. The REF19x series devices are precision micropower, low dropout voltage references. For the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 voltage range operation, the REF193, REF192, and REF191 can be used to supply the required voltage to the ADC, delivering 3 V, 2.5 V, and 2.048 V, respectively (see Figure 22). This configuration is especially useful if the power supply is quite noisy or if the system supply voltages are at a value other than 3 V or 2.5 V (for example, 5 V). The REF19x outputs a steady voltage to the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468. If the low dropout REF192 is used when the AD7466 is converting at a rate of 100 kSPS, the REF192 needs to supply a maximum of 240 μA to the AD7466. The load regulation of the REF192 is typically 10 ppm/mA (REF192, VS = 5 V), which results in an error of 2.4 ppm (6 μV) for the 240 μA drawn from it. This corresponds to a 0.0098 LSB error for the AD7466 with VDD = 2.5 V from the REF192. For applications where power consumption is important, the automatic power-down mode of the ADC and the sleep mode of the REF19x reference should be used to improve power performance. See the Normal Mode section. Table 7 provides some typical performance data with various references used as a VDD source under the same setup conditions. The ADR318, for instance, is a 1.8 V band gap voltage reference. Its tiny footprint, low power consumption, and additional shutdown capability make the ADR318 ideal for battery-powered applications. Table 7. AD7466 Performance for Voltage Reference IC Reference Tied to VDD ADR318 @ 1.8 V ADR370 @ 2.048 V ADR421 @ 2.5 V ADR423 @ 3 V AD7466 SNR Performance (dB) 70.73 70.72 71.13 71.44 VDD D1 VIN C1 4pF D2 C2 R1 20pF CONVERSION PHASE—SWITCH OPEN TRACK PHASE—SWITCH CLOSED 02643-024 Figure 23. Equivalent Analog Input Circuit For ac applications, removing high frequency components from the analog input signal by using a band-pass filter on the relevant analog input pin is recommended. In applications where harmonic distortion and signal-to-noise ratio are critical, the analog input should be driven from a low impedance source. Large source impedances significantly affect the ac performance of the ADC. This might necessitate the use of an input buffer amplifier. The choice of the op amp is a function of the particular application. Table 8 provides typical performance data for various op amps used as the input buffer under constant setup conditions. Table 8. AD7466 Performance for Input Buffers Op Amp in the Input Buffer AD8510 AD8610 AD797 AD7466 SNR Performance (dB) 30 kHz Input, VDD = 1.8 V 70.75 71.45 71.42 When no amplifier is used to drive the analog input, the source impedance should be limited to low values. The maximum source impedance depends on the amount of total harmonic distortion (THD) that can be tolerated. The THD increases as the source impedance increases and performance degrades. Figure 12 shows a graph of THD vs. analog input signal frequency for different source impedances when using a supply voltage of 2.7 V and sampling at a rate of 100 kSPS. DIGITAL INPUTS The digital inputs applied to the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are not limited by the maximum ratings that limit the analog inputs. Instead, the digital inputs applied can go to 7 V and are not restricted by the VDD + 0.3 V limit as on the analog input. For example, if the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are operated with a VDD of 3 V, 5 V logic levels could be used on the digital inputs. However, the data output on SDATA still has 3 V logic levels when VDD = 3 V. Another advantage of SCLK and CS not being restricted by the VDD + 0.3 V limit is that power supply sequencing issues are avoided. If CS or SCLK is applied before VDD, there is no risk of latch-up as there would be on the analog inputs if a signal greater than 0.3 V is applied prior to VDD. ANALOG INPUT An equivalent circuit of the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 analog input structure is shown in Figure 23. The two diodes, D1 and D2, provide ESD protection for the analog inputs. Care must be taken to ensure that the analog input signal never exceeds the supply rails by more than 300 mV. This causes these diodes to become forward-biased and to start conducting current into the substrate. Capacitor C1 in Figure 23 is typically about 4 pF and can primarily be attributed to pin capacitance. Resistor R1 is a lumped component made up of the on resistance of a switch. This resistor is typically about 200 Ω. Capacitor C2 is the ADC sampling capacitor with a typical capacitance of 20 pF. Rev. C | Page 18 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 NORMAL MODE The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 automatically enter powerdown at the end of each conversion. This mode of operation is designed to provide flexible power management options and to optimize the power dissipation/throughput rate ratio for low power application requirements. Figure 24 shows the general operation of the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468. On the CS falling edge, the part begins to power up and the track-and-hold, which was in hold while the part was in power-down, goes into track mode. The conversion is also initiated at this point. On the third SCLK falling edge after the CS falling edge, the trackand-hold returns to hold mode. For the AD7466, 16 serial clock cycles are required to complete the conversion and access the complete conversion result. The AD7466 automatically enters power-down mode on the 16th SCLK falling edge. For the AD7467, 14 serial clock cycles are required to complete the conversion and access the complete conversion result. The AD7467 automatically enters power-down mode on the 14th SCLK falling edge. For the AD7468, 12 serial clock cycles are required to complete the conversion and access the complete conversion result. THE PART BEGINS TO POWER UP CS THE PART IS POWERED UP AND VIN FULLY ACQUIRED The AD7468 automatically enters power-down mode on the 12th SCLK falling edge. The AD7466 also enters power-down mode if CS is brought high any time before the 16th SCLK falling edge. The conversion that was initiated by the CS falling edge terminates and SDATA goes back into three-state. This also applies for the AD7467 and AD7468; if CS is brought high before the conversion is complete (the 14th SCLK falling edge for the AD7467, and the 12th SCLK falling edge for the AD7468), the part enters power-down, the conversion terminates, and SDATA goes back into three-state. Although CS can idle high or low between conversions, bringing CS high once the conversion is complete is recommended to save power. When supplies are first applied to the devices, a dummy conversion should be performed to ensure that the parts are in powerdown mode, the track-and-hold is in hold mode, and SDATA is in three-state. Once a data transfer is complete (SDATA has returned to threestate), another conversion can be initiated after the quiet time, tQUIET, has elapsed, by bringing CS low again. AD7468 ENTERS POWER-DOWN AD7467 ENTERS POWER-DOWN AD7466 ENTERS POWER-DOWN SCLK 1 2 3 12 14 16 SDATA VALID DATA Figure 24. Normal Mode Operation Rev. C | Page 19 of 28 02643-025 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 POWER CONSUMPTION The AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 automatically enter powerdown mode at the end of each conversion or if CS is brought high before the conversion is finished. When the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 are in power-down mode, all the analog circuitry is powered down and the current consumption is typically 8 nA. To achieve the lowest power dissipation, there are some considerations the user should keep in mind. SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) This reduced power consumption can be seen in Figure 25, which shows the supply current vs. SCLK frequency for various supply voltages at a throughput rate of 100 kSPS. For a fixed throughput rate, the supply current (average current) drops as the SCLK frequency increases because the part is in powerdown mode most of the time. It can also be seen that, for a lower supply voltage, the supply current drops accordingly. 390 360 330 VDD = 3.6V 300 270 240 210 VDD = 2.7V 180 150 120 90 60 2.2 VDD = 1.6V 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 SCLK FREQUENCY (MHz) 3.4 02643-026 fSAMPLE = 100kSPS TEMP = 25°C The conversion time is determined by the serial clock frequency; the faster the SCLK frequency, the shorter the conversion time. This implies that as the frequency increases, the part dissipates power for a shorter period of time when the conversion is taking place, and it remains in power-down mode for a longer percentage of the cycle time or throughput rate. Figure 26 shows two AD7466s running with two different SCLK frequencies, SCLK A and SCLK B, with SCLK A having the higher SCLK frequency. For the same throughput rate, the AD7466 using SCLK A has a shorter conversion time than the AD7466 using SCLK B, and it remains in power-down mode longer. The current consumption in power-down mode is very low; thus, the average power consumption is greatly reduced. VDD = 3.0V VDD = 2.2V VDD = 1.8V 3.6 Figure 25. Supply Current vs. SCLK Frequency for a Fixed Throughput Rate and Different Supply Voltages 1/THROUGHPUT CONVERSION TIME B CONVERSION TIME A CS 1 SCLK A 02643-027 16 1 SCLK B 16 Figure 26. Conversion Time Comparison for Different SCLK Frequencies and a Fixed Throughput Rate 1/THROUGHPUT B 1/THROUGHPUT A CONVERSION TIME A CS A POWER DOWN TIME B POWER DOWN TIME A CONVERSION TIME B CS B 1 SCLK 16 Figure 27. Conversion Time vs. Power-Down Time for a Fixed SCLK Frequency and Different Throughput Rates Rev. C | Page 20 of 28 02643-028 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 Figure 18 shows power consumption vs. throughput rate for a 3.4 MHz SCLK frequency. In this case, the conversion time is the same for all cases because the SCLK frequency is a fixed parameter. Low throughput rates lead to lower current consumptions, with a higher percentage of the time in power-down mode. Figure 27 shows two AD7466s running with the same SCLK frequency, but at different throughput rates. The A throughput rate is higher than the B throughput rate. The slower the throughput rate, the longer the period of time the part is in power-down mode, and the average power consumption drops accordingly. Figure 28 shows the power vs. throughput rate for different supply voltages and SCLK frequencies. For this plot, all the elements regarding power consumption that were explained previously (the influence of the SCLK frequency, the influence of the throughput rate, and the influence of the supply voltage) are taken into consideration. 1.4 TEMP = 25°C 1.2 VDD = 3.0V, SCLK = 2.4MHz 1.0 POWER (mW) The average power consumption includes the power dissipated when the part is converting and the power dissipated when the part is in power-down mode. The average power dissipated during conversion is calculated as the percentage of the cycle time spent when converting, multiplied by the maximum current during conversion. The average power dissipated in power-down mode is calculated as the percentage of cycle time spent in power-down mode, multiplied by the current figure for power-down mode. In order to obtain the value for the average power, these terms must be multiplied by the voltage. Considering the maximum current for each SCLK frequency for VDD = 1.8 V, Power Consumption A = ((4.7/20) × 186 μA + (15.3/20) × 100 nA) × 1.8 V = (43.71 + 0.076) μA × 1.8 V = 78.8 μW = 0.07 mW Power Consumption B = ((13/20) × 108 μA + (7/20) × 100 nA) × 1.8 V = (70.2 + 0.035) μA × 1.8 V = 126.42 μW = 0.126 mW It can be concluded that for a fixed throughput rate, the average power consumption drops as the SCLK frequency increases. Power Consumption Example 2 0.8 VDD = 3.0V, SCLK = 3.4MHz 0.6 VDD = 1.8V, SCLK = 2.4MHz 0.4 0.2 VDD = 1.8V, SCLK = 3.4MHz 0 0 50 100 150 THROUGHPUT (kSPS) 200 02643-029 This example shows that, for a fixed SCLK frequency, as the throughput rate decreases, the average power consumption drops. From Figure 27, for SCLK = 3.4 MHz, Throughput A = 100 kSPS (which gives a cycle time of 10 μs), and Throughput B = 50 kSPS (which gives a cycle time of 20 μs), the following values can be obtained: Conversion Time A = 16 × (1/SCLK) = 4.7 μs (47% of the cycle time for a throughput of 100 kSPS) Power-Down Time A = (1/Throughput A) − Conversion Time A = 10 μs − 4.7 μs = 5.3 μs (53% of the cycle time) Conversion Time B = 16 × (1/SCLK) = 4.7 μs (23.5% of the cycle time for a throughput of 50 kSPS) Power-Down Time B = (1/Throughput B) − Conversion Time B = 20 μs − 4.7 μs = 15.3 μs (76.5% of the cycle time) The average power consumption is calculated as explained in Power Consumption Example 1, considering the maximum current for a 3.4 MHz SCLK frequency for VDD = 1.8 V. Power Consumption A = ((4.7/10) × 186 μA + (5.3/10) × 100 nA) × 1.8 V= (87.42 + 0.053) μA × 1.8 V = 157.4 μW = 0.157 mW Power Consumption B = ((4.7/20) × 186 μA + (15.3/20) × 100 nA) × 1.8 V = (43.7 + 0.076) μA × 1.8 V = 78.79 μW = 0.078 mW It can be concluded that for a fixed SCLK frequency, the average power consumption drops as the throughput rate decreases. 250 Figure 28. Power vs. Throughput Rate for Different SCLK and Supply Voltages The following examples show calculations for the information in this section. Power Consumption Example 1 This example shows that, for a fixed throughput rate, as the SCLK frequency increases, the average power consumption drops. From Figure 26, for SCLK A = 3.4 MHz, SCLK B = 1.2 MHz, and a throughput rate of 50 kSPS, which gives a cycle time of 20 μs, the following values can be obtained: Conversion Time A = 16 × (1/SCLK A) = 4.7 μs (23.5% of the cycle time) Power-Down Time A = (1/Throughput) − Conversion Time A = 20 μs − 4.7 μs = 15.3 μs (76.5% of the cycle time) Conversion Time B = 16 × (1/SCLK B) = 13 μs (65% of the cycle time) Power-Down Time B = (1/Throughput) − Conversion Time B = 20 μs − 13 μs = 7 μs (35% of the cycle time) Rev. C | Page 21 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 SERIAL INTERFACE Figure 29, Figure 30, and Figure 31 show the timing diagrams for serial interfacing to the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468. The serial clock provides the conversion clock and controls the transfer of information from the ADC during a conversion. The part begins to power up on the CS falling edge. The falling edge of CS puts the track-and-hold into track mode and takes the bus out of three-state. The conversion is also initiated at this point. On the third SCLK falling edge after the CS falling edge, the part should be powered up fully at Point B, as shown in Figure 29, and the track-and-hold returns to hold. For the AD7466, the SDATA line goes back into three-state and the part enters power-down on the 16th SCLK falling edge. If the rising edge of CS occurs before 16 SCLKs elapse, the conversion terminates, the SDATA line goes back into threestate, and the part enters power-down; otherwise SDATA returns to three-state on the 16th SCLK falling edge, as shown in Figure 29. Sixteen serial clock cycles are required to perform the conversion process and to access data from the AD7466. For the AD7467, the 14th SCLK falling edge causes the SDATA line to go back into three-state, and the part enters power-down. If the rising edge of CS occurs before 14 SCLKs elapse, the conversion terminates, the SDATA line goes back into three-state, and the AD7467 enters power-down; otherwise SDATA returns to three-state on the 14th SCLK falling edge, as shown in Figure 30. Fourteen serial clock cycles are required to perform the conversion process and to access data from the AD7467. For the AD7468, the 12th SCLK falling edge causes the SDATA line to go back into three-state, and the part enters powerCS down. If the rising edge of CS occurs before 12 SCLKs elapse, the conversion terminates, the SDATA line goes back into threestate, and the AD7468 enters power-down; otherwise SDATA returns to three-state on the 12th SCLK falling edge, as shown in Figure 31. Twelve serial clock cycles are required to perform the conversion process and to access data from the AD7468. CS going low provides the first leading zero to be read in by the microcontroller or DSP. The remaining data is then clocked out by subsequent SCLK falling edges, beginning with the second leading zero; thus, the first clock falling edge on the serial clock has the first leading zero provided and also clocks out the second leading zero. For the AD7466, the final bit in the data transfer is valid on the 16th SCLK falling edge, having been clocked out on the previous (15th) SCLK falling edge. In applications with a slow SCLK, it is possible to read in data on each SCLK rising edge. In such a case, the first falling edge of SCLK after the CS falling edge clocks out the second leading zero and can be read in the following rising edge. If the first SCLK edge after the CS falling edge is a falling edge, the first leading zero that was clocked out when CS went low is missed, unless it is not read on the first SCLK falling edge. The 15th falling edge of SCLK clocks out the last bit, and it can be read in the following rising SCLK edge. If the first SCLK edge after the CS falling edge is a rising edge, CS clocks out the first leading zero, and it can be read on the SCLK rising edge. The next SCLK falling edge clocks out the second leading zero, and it can be read on the following rising edge. t1 tCONVERT t2 SCLK B 1 2 3 4 t6 5 13 14 15 16 t5 t3 SDATA THREE-STATE 0 0 0 t8 tQUIET THREE-STATE 02643-030 t4 0 DB11 4 LEADING ZEROS t7 DB10 DB2 DB1 DB0 12 BITS OF DATA Figure 29. AD7466 Serial Interface Timing Diagram t1 CS t2 SCLK 1 2 B 3 4 tCONVERT t6 5 13 14 t3 0 SDATA THREE-STATE 0 0 0 t4 DB9 4 LEADING ZEROS t7 DB8 10 BITS OF DATA t5 DB0 t8 tQUIET THREE-STATE 02643-031 Figure 30. AD7467 Serial Interface Timing Diagram Rev. C | Page 22 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 t1 CS tCONVERT t2 SCLK 1 2 B 3 4 t6 11 12 t3 0 SDATA THREE-STATE 0 0 0 t5 t4 DB7 4 LEADING ZEROS t7 DB0 t8 tQUIET THREE-STATE 02643-032 8 BITS OF DATA Figure 31. AD7468 Serial Interface Timing Diagram MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING The serial interface on the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 allows the parts to be connected directly to many different microprocessors. This section explains how to interface the AD7466/ AD7467/AD7468 with some of the more common microcontroller and DSP serial interface protocols. Figure 32 shows the connection diagram. For signal processing applications, it is imperative that the frame synchronization signal from the TMS320C541 provide equidistant sampling. AD7466/ AD7467/ AD74681 SCLK TMS320C5411 CLKX CLKR AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 to TMS320C541 Interface The serial interface on the TMS320C541 uses a continuous serial clock and frame synchronization signals to synchronize the data transfer operations with peripheral devices like the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468. The CS input allows easy interfacing between the TMS320C541 and the AD74xx devices, without requiring any glue logic. The serial port of the TMS320C541 is set up to operate in burst mode (FSM = 1 in the serial port control register, SPC) with internal CLKX (MCM = 1 in the SPC register) and internal frame signal (TXM = 1 in the SPC register), so both pins are configured as outputs. For the AD7466, the word length should be set to 16 bits (FO = 0 in the SPC register). The standard synchronous serial port interface in this DSP allows only frames with a word length of 16 bits or 8 bits. Therefore, for the AD7467 and AD7468 where 14 and 12 bits are required, the FO bit also would be set up to 16 bits. In these cases, the user should keep in mind that the last 2 bits and 4 bits for the AD7467 and AD7468, respectively, are invalid data as the SDATA line goes back into three-state on the 14th and 12th SCLK falling edge. To summarize, the values in the SPC register are FO = 0, FSM = 1, MCM = 1, and TXM = 1. SDATA CS DR FSX FSR 02643-033 1ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY. Figure 32. Interfacing to the TMS320C541 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 to ADSP-218x Interface The ADSP-218x family of DSPs is interfaced directly to the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 without any glue logic. The SPORT control register must be set up as described in Table 9. Table 9. SPORT Control Register Setup Setting TFSW = RFSW = 1 INVRFS = INVTFS = 1 DTYPE = 00 ISCLK = 1 TFSR = RFSR = 1 IRFS = 0 ITFS = 1 SLEN = 1111 SLEN = 1101 SLEN = 1011 Description Alternate framing Active low frame signal Right-justify data Internal serial clock Frame every word Sets up RFS as an input Sets up TFS as an output 16 bits for the AD7466 14 bits for the AD7467 12 bits for the AD7468 Rev. C | Page 23 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 The connection diagram in Figure 33 shows how the ADSP-218x has the TFS and RFS of the SPORT tied together, with TFS set as an output and RFS set as an input. The DSP operates in alternate framing mode, and the SPORT control register is set up as described. The frame synchronization signal generated on the TFS is tied to CS, and as with all signal processing applications, equidistant sampling is necessary. However, in this example, the timer interrupt is used to control the sampling rate of the ADC and, under certain conditions, equidistant sampling might not be achieved. The timer registers, for example, are loaded with a value that provides an interrupt at the required sample interval. When an interrupt is received, a value is transmitted with TFS/DT (ADC control word). The TFS is used to control the RFS and, therefore, the reading of data. The frequency of the serial clock is set in the SCLKDIV register. When the instruction to transmit with TFS is given (that is, AX0 = TX0), the state of the SCLK is checked. The DSP waits until the SCLK goes high, low, and high again before transmission starts. If the timer and SCLK values are chosen such that the instruction to transmit occurs on or near the rising edge of SCLK, the data can be transmitted, or it can wait until the next clock edge. For example, the ADSP-2181 has a master clock frequency of 16 MHz. If the SCLKDIV register is loaded with the value 3, an SCLK of 2 MHz is obtained, and eight master clock periods elapse for every SCLK period. If the timer registers are loaded with the value 803, 100.5 SCLKs occur between interrupts and, subsequently, between transmit instructions. This situation results in nonequidistant sampling as the transmit instruction is occurring on an SCLK edge. If the number of SCLKs between interrupts is a whole integer figure of N, equidistant sampling is implemented by the DSP. AD7466/ AD7467/ AD74681 SCLK SDATA CS AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 to DSP563xx Interface The connection diagram in Figure 34 shows how the AD7466/ AD7467/AD7468 can be connected to the synchronous serial interface (SSI) of the DSP563xx family of DSPs from Motorola. The SSI is operated in synchronous mode and normal mode (SYN = 1 and MOD = 0 in Control Register B, CRB) with an internally generated word frame sync for both Tx and Rx (Bit FSL1 = 0 and Bit FSL0 = 0 in the CRB register). Set the word length in Control Register A (CRA) to 16 by setting Bits WL2 = 0, WL1 = 1, and WL0 = 0 for the AD7466. The word length for the AD7468 can be set to 12 bits (WL2 = 0, WL1 = 0, and WL0 = 1). This DSP does not offer the option for a 14-bit word length, so the AD7467 word length is set up to 16 bits like the AD7466 word length. In this case, the user should keep in mind that the last two bits are invalid data because the SDATA goes back into three-state on the 14th SCLK falling edge. The frame sync polarity bit (FSP) in the CRB register can be set to 1, which means the frame goes low and a conversion starts. Likewise, by means of Bits SCD2, SCKD, and SHFD in the CRB register, it is established that Pin SC2 (the frame sync signal) and Pin SCK in the serial port are configured as outputs, and the most significant bit (MSB) is shifted first. To summarize, MOD = 0 SYN = 1 WL2, WL1, WL0 depend on the word length FSL1 = 0, FSL0 = 0 FSP = 1, negative frame sync SCD2 = 1 SCKD = 1 SHFD = 0 For signal processing applications, it is imperative that the frame synchronization signal from the DSP563xx provides equidistant sampling. AD7466/ AD7467/ AD74681 SCLK SDATA ADSP-218x1 DSP563xx1 SCLK DR RFS TFS 02643-034 SCK SRD SC2 02643-035 1ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY. CS Figure 33. Interfacing to the ADSP-218x 1ADDITIONAL PINS OMITTED FOR CLARITY. Figure 34. Interfacing to the DSP563xx Rev. C | Page 24 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 APPLICATION HINTS GROUNDING AND LAYOUT The printed circuit board that houses the AD7466/AD7467/ AD7468 should be designed such that the analog and digital sections are separated and confined to certain areas. This facilitates the use of ground planes that can be separated easily. A minimum etch technique is generally best for ground planes because it gives the best shielding. Digital and analog ground planes should be joined at only one place. If the devices are in a system where multiple devices require an AGND to DGND connection, the connection should still be made at one point only, a star ground point, which should be established as close as possible to the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468. Avoid running digital lines under the device because these couple noise onto the die. The analog ground plane should be allowed to run under the AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 to avoid noise coupling. The power supply lines to the devices should use as large a trace as possible to provide low impedance paths and to reduce the effects of glitches on the power-supply line. Fast switching signals, like clocks, should be shielded with digital ground to avoid radiating noise to other sections of the board, and clock signals should never be run near the analog inputs. Avoid crossover of digital and analog signals. Traces on opposite sides of the board should run at right angles to each other to reduce the effects of feedthrough on the board. A microstrip technique is the best choice, but is not always possible with a double-sided board. With this technique, the component side of the board is dedicated to ground planes, while signals are placed on the solder side. Good decoupling is also very important. All analog supplies should be decoupled with 10 μF tantalum in parallel with 0.1 μF capacitors to AGND. All digital supplies should have a 0.1 μF ceramic disc capacitor to DGND. To achieve the best performance from these decoupling components, the user should keep the distance between the decoupling capacitor and the VDD and GND pins to a minimum, with short track lengths connecting the respective pins. EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF THE AD7466 AND AD7467 The evaluation board package includes a fully assembled and tested evaluation board, documentation, and software for controlling the board from the PC via an evaluation board controller. To evaluate the ac and dc performance of the AD7466 and AD7467, the evaluation board controller can be used in conjunction with the AD7466/AD7467CB evaluation board and other Analog Devices evaluation boards ending in the CB designator. The software allows the user to perform ac tests (fast Fourier transform) and dc tests (histogram of codes) on the AD7466 and AD7467. See the data sheet in the evaluation board package for more information. Rev. C | Page 25 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 2.90 BSC 6 5 4 1.60 BSC 1 2 3 2.80 BSC PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.95 BSC 1.30 1.15 0.90 1.90 BSC 1.45 MAX 0.22 0.08 10° 4° 0° 0.60 0.45 0.30 0.15 MAX 0.50 0.30 SEATING PLANE COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-178-AB Figure 35. 6-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-23] (RJ-6) Dimensions shown in millimeters 3.20 3.00 2.80 3.20 3.00 2.80 8 5 1 5.15 4.90 4.65 4 PIN 1 0.65 BSC 0.95 0.85 0.75 0.15 0.00 0.38 0.22 SEATING PLANE 1.10 MAX 8° 0° 0.80 0.60 0.40 0.23 0.08 COPLANARITY 0.10 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-AA Figure 36. 8-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-8) Dimensions shown in millimeters Rev. C | Page 26 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 ORDERING GUIDE Model AD7466BRT-REEL7 AD7466BRT-R2 AD7466BRTZ-REEL 2 AD7466BRTZ-REEL72 AD7466BRTZ-R22 AD7466BRM AD7466BRM-REEL AD7466BRM-REEL7 AD7466BRMZ2 AD7466BRMZ-REEL2 AD7466BRMZ-REEL72 AD7467BRT-REEL AD7467BRT-REEL7 AD7467BRT-R2 AD7467BRTZ-REEL2 AD7467BRTZ-REEL72 AD7467BRTZ-R22 AD7467BRM AD7467BRM-REEL AD7467BRM-REEL7 AD7467BRMZ2 AD7468BRT-REEL AD7468BRT-REEL7 AD7468BRT-R2 AD7468BRTZ-REEL2 AD7468BRTZ-REEL72 AD7468BRM AD7468BRM-REEL AD7468BRM-REEL7 AD7468BRMZ2 AD7468BRMZ-REEL2 AD7468BRMZ-REEL72 EVAL-AD7466CB 3 EVAL-AD7467CB3 EVAL-CONTROL BRD2 4 1 2 3 Temperature Range −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C −40°C to +85°C Linearity Error (LSB) 1 ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±1.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.5 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max ±0.2 max Package Description 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 6-Lead SOT-23 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP 8-Lead MSOP Evaluation Board Evaluation Board Control Board Package Option RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RJ-6 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 RM-8 Branding CLB CLB C2T C2T C2T CLB CLB CLB CLB# CLB# CLB# CMB CMB CMB CMB# CMB# CMB# CMB CMB CMB CMU CNB CNB CNB CNU# CNU# CNB CNB CNB CNU# CNU# CNU# Linearity error refers to integral nonlinearity. Z = RoHS Compliant Part, # denotes lead-free product may be top or bottom marked. This can be used as a standalone evaluation board or in conjunction with the EVAL-CONTROL BRD2 for evaluation/demonstration purposes. 4 This board is a complete unit that allows a PC to control and communicate with all Analog Devices evaluation boards ending in the CB designator. For a complete evaluation kit, order a particular ADC evaluation board (such as EVAL-AD7466CB), the EVAL-CONTROL BRD2, and a 12 V ac transformer. See relevant evaluation board data sheets for more information. Rev. C | Page 27 of 28 AD7466/AD7467/AD7468 NOTES ©2003–2007 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. C02643-0-5/07(C) Rev. C | Page 28 of 28