a
Dual Bootstrapped
MOSFET Driver
ADP3416
FEATURES
All-In-One Synchronous Buck Driver
Bootstrapped High Side Drive
One PWM Signal Generates Both Drives
Anticross-Conduction Protection Circuitry
Pulse-by-Pulse Disable Control
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
VCC
BST
DRVH
IN
APPLICATIONS
Mobile Computing CPU Core Power Converters
Multiphase Desktop CPU Supplies
Single-Supply Synchronous Buck Converters
Standard-to-Synchronous Converter Adaptations
OVERLAP
PROTECTION
CIRCUIT
SW
DRVL
ADP3416
PGND
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADP3416 is a dual MOSFET driver optimized for driving
two N-channel MOSFETs which are the two switches in a
nonisolated synchronous buck power converter. One of the
drivers can be bootstrapped and is designed to handle the
high voltage slew rate associated with “floating” high side
gate drivers. The ADP3416 includes overlapping drive protection (ODP) to prevent shoot-through current in the external
MOSFETs.
The ADP3416 is specified over the commercial temperature
range of 0°C to 70°C and is available in an 8-lead SOIC package.
12V
7V
D1
VCC
ADP3416
BST
CBST
DRVH
IN
Q1
SW
DELAY
1V
DRVL
Q2
1V
PGND
Figure 1. General Application Circuit
REV. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that
may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise
under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700
www.analog.com
Fax: 781/326-8703
© Analog Devices, Inc., 2002
ADP3416–SPECIFICATIONS1(T = 0C to 70C, VCC = 7 V, BST = 4 V to 26 V, unless otherwise noted.)
A
Parameter
Symbol
SUPPLY
Supply Voltage Range
Quiescent Current
VCC
ICCQ
Conditions
2
7.5
5
V
mA
0.8
V
V
trDRVH
tfDRVH
tpdhDRVH
tpdlDRVH
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
25
20
65
25
5.0
4.0
4.0
2.5
40
30
90
35
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
ns
ns
ns
ns
trDRVL
tfDRVL
tpdhDRVL
tpdlDRVL
VCC = 5 V
VCC = 7 V
VCC = 5 V
VCC = 7 V
VCC = 7 V, CLOAD = 3 nF
VCC = 7 V, CLOAD = 3 nF
VCC = 7 V
VCC = 7 V
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
25
20
30
15
5.0
4.0
4.0
2.5
40
30
40
25
Ω
Ω
Ω
Ω
ns
ns
ns
ns
LOW SIDE DRIVER
Output Resistance, Sourcing Current
Output Resistance, Sinking Current
Propagation Delay3, 4 (See Figure 2)
Unit
VBST – VSW = 5 V
VBST – VSW = 7 V
VBST – VSW = 5 V
VBST – VSW = 7 V
VBST – VSW = 7 V, CLOAD = 3 nF
VBST – VSW = 7 V, CLOAD = 3 nF
VBST – VSW = 7 V
VBST – VSW = 7 V
Output Resistance, Sinking Current
Transition Times3 (See Figure 2)
Max
2.3
HIGH SIDE DRIVER
Output Resistance, Sourcing Current
Propagation Delay3, 4 (See Figure 2)
Typ
4.15
PWM INPUT
Input Voltage High2
Input Voltage Low2
Transition Times3 (See Figure 2)
Min
NOTES
1
All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods.
2
Logic inputs meet typical CMOS I/O conditions for source/sink current (~1 µA).
3
AC specifications are guaranteed by characterization but not production tested.
4
For propagation delays, “tpdh” refers to the specified signal going high; “tpdl” refers to it going low.
Specifications subject to change without notice.
–2–
REV. A
ADP3416
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS*
ORDERING GUIDE
VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +8 V
BST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +30 V
BST to SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +8 V
SW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –5.0 V to +25 V
IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to VCC + 0.3 V
Operating Ambient Temperature Range . . . . . . . 0°C to 70°C
Operating Junction Temperature Range . . . . . . 0°C to 125°C
θJA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155°C/W
θJC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40°C/W
Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
Model
Temperature Package
Range
Description
ADP3416JR 0°C to 70°C
Package
Option
8-Lead Standard
Small Outline (SOIC)
SOIC-8
PIN CONFIGURATION
BST 1
8
IN 2
7
SW
6
PGND
5
DRVL
NC 3
*This is a stress rating only; operation beyond these limits can cause the device to
be permanently damaged. Unless otherwise specified, all voltages are referenced
to PGND.
VCC 4
ADP3416
TOP VIEW
(Not To Scale)
DRVH
NC = NO CONNECT
PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
Pin
Mnemonic
Function
1
BST
2
3
4
5
6
7
IN
NC
VCC
DRVL
PGND
SW
8
DRVH
Floating Bootstrap Supply for the Upper MOSFET. A capacitor connected between BST and SW Pins
holds this bootstrapped voltage for the high side MOSFET as it is switched. The capacitor should be
chosen between 100 nF and 1 F.
TTL-level input signal that has primary control of the drive outputs.
No Connection.
Input Supply. This pin should be bypassed to PGND with ~1 µF ceramic capacitor.
Synchronous Rectifier Drive. Output drive for the lower (synchronous rectifier) MOSFET.
Power Ground. Should be closely connected to the source of the lower MOSFET.
This pin is connected to the buck-switching node, close to the upper MOSFET’s source. It is the floating
return for the upper MOSFET drive signal. It is also used to monitor the switched voltage to prevent turnon of the lower MOSFET until the voltage is below ~1 V. Thus, according to operating conditions, the
high low transition delay is determined at this pin.
Buck Drive. Output drive for the upper (buck) MOSFET.
CAUTION
ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily
accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although
the ADP3416 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on
devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are
recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
REV. A
–3–
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
ADP3416
IN
tpdlDRVL
tfDRVL
tpdlDRVH
trDRVL
DRVL
tfDRVH
tpdhDRVH
DRVH-SW
trDRVH
VTH
VTH
tpdhDRVL
SW
1V
Figure 2. Nonoverlap Timing Diagram (Timing Is Referenced to the 90% and 10% Points Unless Otherwise Noted)
–4–
REV. A
Typical Performance Characteristics— ADP3416
50
CLOAD = 3nF
T
TA = 25C
VCC = 5V
DRVH
5V/DIV
R3
DRVH
5V/DIV
DRVL
2V/DIV
DRVL
5V/DIV
R2
R2
2V/DIV
25
40ns/DIV
TPC 2. DRVL Fall and DRVH Rise
Times
35
32
DRVH @ VCC = 5V
45
DRVL @ VCC = 5V
DRVL @ VCC = 7V
27
DRVH @ VCC = 7V
DRVH @ VCC = 5V
DRVH @ VCC = 7V
35
30
DRVL @ VCC = 5V
25
10
TIME – ns
TIME – ns
20
20
22
17
DRVH @ VCC = 5V
DRVL @ VCC = 7V
DRVH @ VCC = 7V
12
5
15
0
25
50
75
100
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE – C
DRVL @ VCC = 5V
10
1.0
125
TPC 4. DRVH and DRVL Fall Times
vs. Temperature
2.0
3.0
4.0
LOAD CAPACITANCE – nF
5.0
TPC 5. DRVH and DRVL Rise Times
vs. Load Capacitance
35
8.5
TA = 25C
CLOAD = 3nF
8.0
25
VCC = 7V
20
15
VCC = 5V
10
5
SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
30
VCC = 7V
7.5
CLOAD = 3nF
fIN = 250kHz
7.0
6.5
6.0
VCC = 5V
5.5
0
200
400 600 800 1000 1200 1400
IN FREQUENCY – kHz
TPC 7. Supply Current vs.
Frequency
REV. A
125
37
40
TIME – ns
25
100
50
75
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE – C
50
30
15
0
TPC 3. DRVH and DRVL Rise Times
vs. Temperature
55
DRVL @ VCC = 7V
SUPPLY CURRENT – mA
DRVL @ VCC = 7V
R1
TPC 1. DRVH Fall and DRVL Rise
Times
0
DRVL @ VCC = 5V
35
20
0
DRVH @ VCC = 7V
30
IN
2V/DIV
40ns/DIV
25
DRVH @ VCC = 5V
40
R3
IN
R1
45
TA = 25C
VCC = 5V
TIME – ns
T
5.0
0
100
25
50
75
JUNCTION TEMPERATURE – C
TPC 8. Supply Current vs.
Temperature
–5–
125
7
1.0
1.5
2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5
LOAD CAPACITANCE – nF
5.0
TPC 6. DRVH and DRVL Fall Times
vs. Load Capacitance
ADP3416
THEORY OF OPERATION
SW Pin to reach 1 V, the overlap protection circuit ensures that
Q1 is OFF before Q2 turns on, regardless of variations in temperature, supply voltage, gate charge, and drive current.
The ADP3416 is a dual MOSFET driver optimized for driving
two N-channel MOSFETs in a synchronous buck converter
topology. A single PWM input signal is all that is required to
properly drive the high side and the low side FETs. Each driver
is capable of driving a 3 nF load.
To prevent the overlap of the gate drives during Q2’s turn OFF
and Q1’s turn ON, the overlap circuit provides a internal delay
that is set to 50 ns. When the PWM input signal goes high, Q2
will begin to turn OFF (after a propagation delay), but before
Q1 can turn ON, the overlap protection circuit waits for the
voltage at DRVL to drop to around 10% of VCC. Once the
voltage at DRVL has reached the 10% point, the overlap protection circuit will wait for a 20 ns typical propagation delay. Once
the delay period has expired, Q1 will begin turn ON.
A more detailed description of the ADP3416 and its features
follows. Refer to the Functional Block Diagram.
Low Side Driver
The low side driver is designed to drive low RDS(ON) N-channel
MOSFETs. The maximum output resistance for the driver is
4 Ω for sourcing and 2.5 Ω for sinking gate current. The low
output resistance allows the driver to have 40 ns rise and
30 ns fall times into a 3 nF load. The bias to the low side driver
is internally connected to the VCC supply and PGND.
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Supply Capacitor Selection
For the supply input (VCC) of the ADP3416, a local bypass
capacitor is recommended to reduce the noise and to supply some
of the peak currents drawn. Use a 1 µF, low ESR capacitor.
Multilayer ceramic chip (MLCC) capacitors provide the best
combination of low ESR and small size and can be obtained from
the following vendors:
When the driver is enabled, the driver’s output is 180 degrees
out of phase with the PWM input. When the ADP3416 is disabled, the low side gate is held low.
High Side Driver
The high side driver is designed to drive a floating low RDS(ON)
N-channel MOSFET. The maximum output resistance for the
driver is 4 Ω for sourcing and 2.5 Ω for sinking gate current.
The low output resistance allows the driver to have 40 ns rise
and 30 ns fall times into a 3 nF load. The bias voltage for the
high side driver is developed by an external bootstrap supply
circuit, which is connected between the BST and SW Pins.
Murata
GRM235Y5V106Z16
www.murata.com
TaiyoYuden
EMK325F106ZF
www.t-yuden.com
Tokin
C23Y5V1C106ZP
www.tokin.com
Keep the ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the ADP3416.
The bootstrap circuit comprises a diode, D1, and bootstrap
capacitor, CBST. When the ADP3416 is starting up, the SW Pin
is at ground, so the bootstrap capacitor will charge up to VCC
through D1. When the PWM input goes high, the high side
driver will begin to turn the high side MOSFET, Q1, ON by
pulling charge out of CBST. As Q1 turns ON, the SW Pin will
rise up to VIN, forcing the BST Pin to VIN + VC(BST), which is
enough gate to source voltage to hold Q1 ON. To complete the
cycle, Q1 is switched OFF by pulling the gate down to the voltage at the SW Pin. When the low side MOSFET, Q2, turns
ON, the SW Pin is pulled to ground. This allows the bootstrap
capacitor to charge up to VCC again.
Bootstrap Circuit
The bootstrap circuit uses a charge storage capacitor (CBST) and a
Schottky diode, as shown in Figure 1. Selection of these components can be done after the high side MOSFET has been chosen.
The bootstrap capacitor must have a voltage rating that is able
to handle the maximum battery voltage plus 5 volts. A minimum
50 V rating is recommended. The capacitance is determined
using the following equation:
CBST =
The high side driver’s output is in phase with the PWM input.
When the driver is disabled, the high side gate is held low.
QGATE
∆VBST
where, QGATE is the total gate charge of the high side MOSFET,
and ∆VBST is the voltage droop allowed on the high side MOSFET
drive. For example, the IRF7811 has a total gate charge of about
20 nC. For an allowed droop of 200 mV, the required bootstrap capacitance is 100 nF. A good quality ceramic capacitor
should be used.
Overlap Protection Circuit
The overlap protection circuit (OPC) prevents both of the main
power switches, Q1 and Q2, from being ON at the same time.
This is done to prevent shoot-through currents from flowing
through both power switches and the associated losses that can
occur during their ON-OFF transitions. The overlap protection
circuit accomplishes this by adaptively controlling the delay from
Q1’s turn OFF to Q2’s turn ON, and by internally setting the
delay from Q2’s turn OFF to Q1’s turn ON.
A Schottky diode is recommended for the bootstrap diode due
to its low forward drop, which maximizes the drive available for
the high side MOSFET. The bootstrap diode must have a minimum 40 V rating to withstand the maximum battery voltage
plus 5 V. The average forward current can be estimated by:
To prevent the overlap of the gate drives during Q1’s turn OFF
and Q2’s turn ON, the overlap circuit monitors the voltage at the
SW Pin. When the PWM input signal goes low, Q1 will begin to
turn OFF (after a propagation delay), but before Q2 can turn ON,
the overlap protection circuit waits for the voltage at the SW Pin
to fall from VIN to 1 V. Once the voltage on the SW Pin has fallen
to 1 V, Q2 will begin turn ON. By waiting for the voltage on the
IF(AVG) ≈ QGATE × f MAX
where fMAX is the maximum switching frequency of the controller. The peak surge current rating should be checked in-circuit,
since this is dependent on the source impedance of the 5 V
supply, and the ESR of CBST.
–6–
REV. A
ADP3416
Printed Circuit Board Layout Considerations
Typical Application Circuits
Use the following general guidelines when designing printed
circuit boards:
The circuit in Figure 3 shows how two drivers can be combined with the ADP3165 to form a total power conversion
solution for VCC(CORE) generation in a high current Intel CPU
computer.
1. Trace out the high current paths and use short, wide traces to
make these connections.
2. Connect the PGND Pin of the ADP3416 as close as possible
to the source of the lower MOSFET.
3. The VCC bypass capacitor should be located as close as
possible to VCC and PGND Pins.
L1
1H
270F/16V 3
OS-CON SP SERIES
18m ESR(EACH)
VIN12V
VINRTN
+
+
+
C1
C2
C3
R7
5m
R6
2k
R4
10
10F 2
MLCC
D1
MBR052LTI
Q2
FZ649TA
C4
4.7F
2 IN
Z1
ZMM5263BCT
RA
32.4k
Q1
2N7000
3 VID2
PWM1 18
1 BST
4 VID1
PWM2 17
2 IN
5 VID0
PWM3 16
7 COMP
RB
10.0k
COC
1.2nF
Q7
FDB8030L
VCC 20
6 SHARE
R2
DRVL 5
REF 19
PC 15
OUTEN
U5
10k
1/6 7404
4 VCC
2 VID3
8 GND
D2
MBR052LTI
2200F/6.3V 9
L2
RUBYCON MBZ SERIES
600nH
12mESR(EACH)
C13
15nF
R8
2
DRVH 8
Q4
FDB7030L
L3
600nH
SW 7
3 NC
PGND 6
4 VCC
DRVL 5
C16
15nF
R9
2
Q8
FDB8030L
PGND 14
CS– 13
9 FB
CS+ 12
10 CT
PWRGD 11
C17
D3
MBR052LTI
U4
100nF
ADP3416
1 BST
2 IN
R3
1k
C18
4.7F
DRVH 8
Q5
FDB7030L
SW 7
3 NC
PGND 6
4 VCC
DRVL 5
NC = NO CONNECT
Q9
FDB8030L
Figure 3. 65 A Intel Pentium 4 CPU, VR Down Guideline Design
REV. A
–7–
+
+
C20
C29
10F 27
MLCC
C14
U3
100nF
ADP3416
C15
4.7F
C9
150pF
C10
100pF
Q3
FDB7030L
SW 7
PGND 6
1 VID4
C7
1nF
DRVH 8
3 NC
C12
4.7F
U1
ADP3165
FROM
CPU
1 BST
R5
20
C6
15nF
C11
U2 100nF
ADP3416
L4
600nH
C19
15nF
R10
2
VCC(CORE)
1.1V – 1.85V
65A
VCC(CORE)RTN
ADP3416
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC]
Narrow Body
(R-8)
C02600–0–8/02(A)
Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches)
5.00 (0.1968)
4.80 (0.1890)
4.00 (0.1574)
3.80 (0.1497)
8
5
1
4
6.20 (0.2440)
5.80 (0.2284)
PIN 1
1.27 (0.0500)
BSC
0.25 (0.0098)
0.10 (0.0040)
SEATING
PLANE
1.75 (0.0688)
1.35 (0.0532)
0.50 (0.0196)
45
0.25 (0.0099)
8
0.25 (0.0098) 0 1.27 (0.0500)
0.41 (0.0160)
0.19 (0.0075)
0.51 (0.0201)
0.33 (0.0130)
CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN
COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012AA
Revision History
Location
Page
08/02—Data Sheet changed from REV. 0 to REV. A.
PRINTED IN U.S.A.
Updated OUTLINE DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
–8–
REV. A
工商网监
湘ICP备2023018690号
