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LTC2672IUH-12#PBF

LTC2672IUH-12#PBF

  • 厂商:

    AD(亚德诺)

  • 封装:

    WFQFN32

  • 描述:

    5CH 12BIT CURRENTSOURCEOUT DAC

  • 数据手册
  • 价格&库存
LTC2672IUH-12#PBF 数据手册
Data Sheet LTC2672 Five-Channel, Low Dropout, 300 mA, Current Source Output, 12-/16-Bit SoftSpan DAC FEATURES ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► ► FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Per channel programmable output current ranges: 300 mA, 200 mA, 100 mA, 50 mA, 25 mA, 12.5 mA, 6.25 mA, and 3.125 mA Flexible 2.1 V to VCC output supply voltages Flexible single- or dual-supply operation 0.6 V maximum dropout voltage guaranteed Separate voltage supply per output channel Internal switches to optional negative supply Full 12-bit and 16-bit resolution at all ranges Guaranteed operation −40°C to 125°C (H-grade) Precision internal reference (10 ppm/°C maximum VREF temperature coefficient) or external reference Analog multiplexer monitors voltages and currents A/B toggle via SPI or dedicated pin 1.71 V to VCC digital input and output supply voltage 32-lead lead frame chip scale package (LFCSP), see the Outline Dimensions section 29 2 LTC2672 IOVCC TGP VDD0 DAC0 OUT0 3 4 5 6 7 31 SDI SPAN0 SDO SCK VDD1 OUT1 23 SPAN1 CLR V– VDD2 GND 1, 8, 14, 32 OUT2 FAULT DETECT SPAN2 The LTC2672 is a family of five-channel, 12-/16-bit current source, digital-to-analog converters (DACs) that provide five high compliance, current source outputs with guaranteed 0.6 V dropout at 200 mA. There are eight current ranges that are programmable per channel with full-scale outputs of up to 300 mA. The channels can be paralleled to allow either ultrafine adjustments of large currents or combined outputs of up to 1.5 A. A dedicated supply pin is provided for each output channel. Each channel can be operated from 2.1 V to VCC, and internal switches allow any output to be pulled to the optional negative supply. The LTC2672 includes a precision integrated 1.25 V reference (10 ppm/°C maximum), with the option to use an external reference. The serial peripheral interface (SPI)-compatible, 3‑wire serial interface operates on logic levels as low as 1.71 V and at clock rates as high as 50 MHz. 9 10 11 REFLO DAC3 FULL SCALE ADJUST OUT3 REF REFCOMP SPAN3 INTERNAL REFERENCE MUX V– 15, 26 19 V– VDD4 VCC 13, 27 28 18 FSADJ 17 DAC4 OUT4 ANALOG MUX SPAN4 16 V– 001 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 12 20 V– VDD3 Tunable lasers ► Semiconductor optical amplifier biasing ► Resistive heaters ► Current mode biasing 21 DAC2 APPLICATIONS ► 22 DAC1 LDAC 30 24 V– SERIAL INTERFACE CS/LD FAULT 25 Figure 1. Note that throughout this data sheet, multifunction pins, such as CS/LD, are referred to by the entire pin name or by a single function of the pin. Rev. A DOCUMENT FEEDBACK TECHNICAL SUPPORT Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable "as is". However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Data Sheet LTC2672 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features................................................................ 1 Applications........................................................... 1 General Description...............................................1 Functional Block Diagram......................................1 Specifications........................................................ 4 Timing Characteristics........................................7 Absolute Maximum Ratings...................................9 Thermal Resistance........................................... 9 ESD Caution.......................................................9 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions...... 10 Typical Performance Characteristics................... 12 Terminology......................................................... 15 Theory of Operation.............................................16 Load Termination and Combining Channels.... 16 Power-On Reset...............................................16 Power Supply Sequencing............................... 16 Data Transfer Function.....................................16 Applications Information...................................... 17 Serial Interface................................................. 17 Input and DAC Registers..................................17 Output Ranges and SoftSpan Operation..........17 Monitor Multiplexer........................................... 20 Current Measurement Using the Multiplexer....20 Die Temperature Measurement Using the Multiplexer...................................................... 20 Monitor Multiplexer Precharge Considerations............................................... 20 Toggle Operations............................................ 21 Toggle Select Register (TSR)...........................21 Writing to Input Register A and Input Register B.......................................................21 Toggling Between Register A and Register B.. 21 Daisy-Chain Operation..................................... 23 Echo Readback................................................ 23 Fault Register................................................... 23 Fault Indicator Pin (FAULT, Pin 30)..................23 Fault Conditions and Thermal Overload Protection....................................................... 23 Configuration Command.................................. 23 Power-Down Mode...........................................24 Safe Supply Ranges.........................................24 Current Outputs................................................24 Switch to V− Mode............................................25 Gain Adjustment Using the FSADJ Pin............ 25 Offset Current and Code 0............................... 25 Reference Modes............................................. 25 Board Layout.................................................... 25 Outline Dimensions............................................. 26 Ordering Guide.................................................26 Evaluation Boards............................................ 27 REVISION HISTORY 4/2021—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Added 12-Bit to Product Title........................................................................................................................... 1 Changes to Features Section.......................................................................................................................... 1 Changes to General Description Section.........................................................................................................1 Changes to Figure 1........................................................................................................................................ 1 Changes to Table 1.......................................................................................................................................... 4 Changes to Figure 2, Figure 3 Caption, and Figure 4 Caption........................................................................ 8 Changed UH-32 to 05-08-1693 in Table 5....................................................................................................... 9 Change to Figure 5........................................................................................................................................ 10 Added Figure 7 and Figure 11; Renumbered Sequentially............................................................................ 12 Changes to Integral Nonlinearity (INL) Section..............................................................................................15 Changes to Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Section.......................................................................................15 Changes to Current Offset Error (IOS) Section............................................................................................. 15 Changes to Theory of Operation Section.......................................................................................................16 Changes to Load Termination and Combining Channels Section..................................................................16 Changes to Serial Interface Section.............................................................................................................. 17 Added Figure 23............................................................................................................................................ 17 Changes to Offset Current and Code 0 Section............................................................................................ 25 Updated Outline Dimensions......................................................................................................................... 26 Changes to Ordering Guide........................................................................................................................... 26 Added Evaluation Boards Section................................................................................................................. 27 analog.com Rev. A | 2 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 REVISION HISTORY 12/2020—Revision 0: Initial Version analog.com Rev. A | 3 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 SPECIFICATIONS All specifications apply over the full operating TJ range, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TJ = 25°C, VCC = IOVCC = 5 V, V− = –3.3 V, VDDx = 5 V, FSADJ = VCC, and reference output voltage (VREF) = 1.25 V external, unless otherwise specified. Table 1. Parameter Symbol DC PERFORMANCE, LTC2672-16 Resolution Monotonicity Differential Nonlinearity Integral Nonlinearity Current Offset Error IOS Temperature Coefficient Gain Error GE2 Gain Temperature Coefficient Total Unadjusted Error TUE2 Power Supply Rejection PSR DC Crosstalk3 Dropout Voltage (VDDx − VOUTx4) Off Mode Output Leakage Current5 OUTx Switch to V− Resistance DC PERFORMANCE, LTC2672-12 Resolution Monotonicity Differential Nonlinearity Integral Nonlinearity Current Offset Error IOS Temperature Coefficient Gain Error All ranges1 DNL INL IOS VDROPOUT RPULLDOWN DNL INL IOS GE2 Gain Temperature Coefficient Total Unadjusted Error TUE2 Power Supply Rejection PSR DC Crosstalk3 analog.com Test Conditions/Comments All ranges1 All ranges1 All current ranges1 All current ranges 300 mA and 200 mA output current ranges 100 mA, 50 mA, and 25 mA output current ranges 12.5 mA, 6.25 mA, and 3.125 mA output current ranges FSADJ = VCC 300 mA and 200 mA output current ranges 100 mA, 50 mA, and 25 mA output current ranges 12.5 mA, 6.25 mA, and 3.125 mA output current ranges Range = 100 mA, OUTx current (IOUTx) = 50 mA VCC = 4.75 V to 5.25 V VDDx = 2.85 V to 3.15 V VDDx = 4.75 V to 5.25 V V− = −3.25 V to −2.75 V Result of a 200 mW change in dissipated power 200 mA range, (VDDx − V−) = 4.75 V 200 mA range, (VDDx – V–) = 2.85 V 300 mA range, (VDDx – V–) = 4.75 V 300 mA range, (VDDx – V–) = 2.85 V 800 Ω load to GND Span code = 1000b, sinking 80 mA All ranges1 All ranges1 All ranges1 All current ranges1 All current ranges 300 mA and 200 mA output current ranges 100 mA, 50 mA, and 25 mA output current ranges 12.5 mA, 6.25 mA, and 3.125 mA output current ranges FSADJ = VCC 300 mA and 200 mA output current ranges 100 mA, 50 mA, and 25 mA output current ranges 12.5 mA, 6.25 mA, and 3.125 mA output current ranges Range = 100 mA, IOUTx = 50 mA VCC = 4.75 V to 5.25 V VDDx = 2.85 V to 3.15 V VDDx = 4.75 V to 5.25 V V− = −3.25 V to −2.75 V Result of a 200 mW change in dissipated power Min 16 16 −1 −64 −0.4 −0.9 −1.2 −1.5 −1.4 −1.7 −2 −1 12 12 −0.5 −4 −0.4 −0.9 −1.2 −1.5 −1.4 −1.7 −2 Typ +0.45 +12 +0.1 10 +0.3 +0.4 +0.7 30 +0.4 +0.5 +0.8 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.45 0.5 0.75 0.85 +0.1 8 +0.03 +0.8 +0.1 10 +0.3 +0.4 +0.7 30 +0.4 +0.5 +0.8 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.1 Max +1 +64 +0.4 +0.9 +1.2 +1.5 +1.4 +1.7 +2 0.6 0.65 1.15 +1 12 +0.5 +4 +0.4 +0.9 +1.2 +1.5 +1.4 +1.7 +2 Unit Bits Bits LSB LSB %FSR ppm/°C %FSR %FSR %FSR ppm/°C %FSR %FSR %FSR LSB LSB LSB LSB %FSR V V V V μA Ω Bits Bits LSB LSB %FSR ppm/°C %FSR %FSR %FSR ppm/°C %FSR %FSR %FSR LSB LSB LSB LSB %FSR Rev. A | 4 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 SPECIFICATIONS Table 1. Parameter Dropout Voltage (VDDx − VOUTx4) Off Mode Output Leakage Current5 OUTx Switch to V− Resistance AC PERFORMANCE Settling Time6, 7 Full-Scale Step 3.125 mA Range Symbol Test Conditions/Comments VDROPOUT 200 mA range; (VDDx − V−) = 4.75 V 200 mA range; (VDDx – V–) = 2.85 V 300 mA range; (VDDx – V–) = 4.75 V 300 mA range; (VDDx – V–) = 2.85 V 800 Ω load to GND Span code = 1000b, sinking 80 mA TA = 25°C for all ac performance specifications RPULLDOWN ±0.0015% (±1 LSB at 16b) ±0.024% (±1 LSB at 12b) ±0.0015% (±1 LSB at 16b) ±0.024% (±1 LSB at 12b) ±0.0015% (±1 LSB at 16b) ±0.024% (±1 LSB at 12b) At midscale transition, 200 mA range, resistive load that connects the DAC output to GND (RLOAD) = 4 Ω 100 mA to 200 mA step, RLOAD = 15 Ω Output current noise density internal reference, IOUTx = 150 mA, RLOAD = 4 Ω, load capacitance (CLOAD) = 10 µF Full-Scale Step 200 mA Range Glitch Impulse DAC to DAC Crosstalk8 iNOISE External Reference Input Current External Reference Input Capacitance10 External Reference Input Voltage External Full-Scale Adjust Resistor DIGITAL INPUT/OUPUT Digital Output High Voltage Digital Output Low Voltage VREF 1.248 −10 VCC = 5 V ± 10% VCC = 5.5 V, forcing output to GND VCC = 5.5 V, forcing output to GND VCC = 5 V, reference current (IREF) = 100 µA sourcing REFCOMP pin current (CREFCOMP) = REFCOMP pin capacitance (CREF) = 0.1 µF at f = 10 kHz RFSADJ REFCOMP pin is tied to GND RFSADJ to GND 1.225 19 VOH SDO pin, load current = −100 µA IOVCC − 0.2 VOL SDO pin, load current = 100 µA FAULT pin, load current = 100 µA SDO pin leakage current (CS/LD high) FAULT pin leakage current (not asserted) Input voltage (VIN) = GND to IOVCC Digital High-Z Output Leakage Current Digital Input Current Digital Input Capacitance10 High Level Input Voltage CIN VIH 2.85 ≤ IOVCC ≤ VCC 1.71 ≤ IOVCC ≤ 2.85 analog.com −1 Typ Max Unit 0.45 0.5 0.75 0.85 +0.1 8 0.6 0.65 V V V V μA Ω 1.15 +1 12 tSET 145 mA to 155 mA Step 200 mA Range Frequency (f) = 1 kHz f = 10 kHz f = 100 kHz f = 1 MHz REFERENCE Reference Output Voltage VREF Temperature Coefficient9 VREF Line Regulation VREF Short-Circuit Current REFCOMP Pin Short-Circuit Current VREF Load Regulation VREF Output Voltage Noise Density Min −1 −1 0.8 × IOVCC 0.8 × IOVCC 21.1 3.8 7.2 3.6 200 3.5 1.0 μs μs μs μs μs μs nA × s 230 pA × s 12 5 0.5 0.05 nA/√Hz nA/√Hz nA/√Hz nA/√Hz 1.250 +3 50 2.5 65 140 32 1.252 +10 V ppm/°C µV/V mA µA mV/mA nV/√Hz 0.001 40 1 µA pF V kΩ 20 1.275 41 V 0.2 0.2 +1 1 +1 8 V V µA µA µA pF V V Rev. A | 5 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 SPECIFICATIONS Table 1. Parameter Low Level Input Voltage POWER SUPPLY Analog Supply Voltage Digital Input and Output Supply Voltage Negative Supply Output Supplies Symbol Test Conditions/Comments VIL 2.85 ≤ IOVCC ≤ VCC 1.71 ≤ IOVCC ≤ 2.85 VCC IOVCC V− VDDx Output Supplies, Total Voltage11 VCC Supply Current IOVCC Supply Current V− Supply Current VDDX Supply Current VCC Shutdown Current13, 14 IOVCC Shutdown Current13, 14 V− Shutdown Current13, 14 VDDX Shutdown Current13, 14 MONITOR MULTIPLEXER MUX Pin DC Output Impedance MUX Pin Leakage Current MUX Pin Output Voltage Range 200 mA range and lower (relative to GND) 300 mA range and lower (relative to GND) Safe operating area (VDDx relative to V−) All ranges (code = 0, all channels) All ranges (code = 0, all channels) All ranges (code = 0, all channels) All ranges (code = 0, per channel) 25 mA range (code = full-scale, per channel)12 200 mA range (code = full-scale, per channel)12 Min 2.85 1.71 −5.5 2.1 2.4 2.85 ISLEEP MUX Pin Continuous Current11 Typ Monitor multiplexer disabled (high impedance) −1 Monitor multiplexer selected to OUT0 pin voltage to OUT4 V− pin voltage TA = 25°C (do not exceed) −1 4 0.01 7.5 1.5 28 205 50 0.01 0.29 80 15 +0.1 Max Unit 0.3 0.3 V V 5.5 VCC 0 VCC VCC 9 5.3 1 11 2.2 32 215 500 1 1.2 250 V V V V V V mA µA mA mA mA mA μA μA mA μA +1 VCC kΩ μA V +1 mA 1 Offset current is measured at Code 384 for the LTC2672-16, and at code 24 for the LTC2672-12. Linearity is defined from Code 384 to Code 65535 for the LTC2672-16 and from Code 24 to Code 4095 for the LTC2672-12. 2 For the full-scale current (IFS) = 300 mA, RLOAD = 10 Ω. For IFS = 200 mA, RLOAD = 15 Ω. For IFS = 100 mA, RLOAD = 30 Ω. For IFS = 50 mA, RLOAD = 50 Ω. For IFS = 25 mA, RLOAD = 100 Ω. For IFS = 12.5 mA, RLOAD = 200 Ω. For IFS = 6.25 mA, RLOAD = 400 Ω. For IFS = 3.125 mA, RLOAD = 800 Ω. 3 IFS = 200 mA and RLOAD = 15 Ω. DC crosstalk is measured with a 100 mA to 200 mA current step on all four aggressor channels. Total power dissipation change is 4 × 50 mW = 200 mW. The monitor channel is held at 3/4 × IFS or 150 mA. 4 VOUTx is the channel output (OUTx) voltage. 5 The loads attached to the OUTx pins must be terminated to GND. 6 VDDx = 5 V (3.125 mA range), VDDx = 3.6 V (200 mA range), and V− = −3.3 V for all ranges. For large current output steps, internal thermal effects result in a final settling tail. In most cases, the tail is too small to affect settling to ±0.024%, but several milliseconds can be needed for full settling to the ±0.0015% level. For optimal results, always solder the exposed pad (Pin 33) to a solid GND plane and set VDDx as low as practicable for each channel to reduce power dissipation in the device. The listed results were obtained using the DC2903 evaluation board demo circuit with no additional heatsinks. 7 Internal reference mode. The load is 15 Ω (200 mA range) or 800 Ω (3.125 mA range) terminated to GND. 8 DAC to DAC crosstalk is the glitch that appears at the output of one DAC because of a 100 mA to 200 mA step change in an adjacent DAC channel. The measured DAC is at midscale (100 mA output current) in the 200 mA span range, with the internal reference, VDDx = 5 V, V− = −3.3 V. 9 The temperature coefficient is calculated by first computing the ratio of the maximum change in the output voltage to the nominal output voltage, and then dividing the ratio by the specified temperature range. 10Guaranteed by design and not production tested. 11 Stresses beyond those listed for extended periods can cause permanent damage to the device or affect device reliability and lifetime. 12Single channel at a specified output. 13V = IO − CC VCC = 5 V, VDDx = 5 V, V = −3.3 V. 14Digital inputs are at 0 V or IO VCC. analog.com Rev. A | 6 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 SPECIFICATIONS TIMING CHARACTERISTICS All specifications apply over the full operating TJ range. Digital input low and high voltages are 0 V and IOVCC, respectively. Table 2. 2.85 V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5 V and 2.85 V ≤ IOVCC ≤ VCC Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 SDI valid to SCK setup SDI valid to SCK hold SCK high time SCK low time CS/LD pulse width LSB SCK high to CS/LD high CS/LD low to SCK high SDO propagation delay from SCK falling edge, CLOAD = 10 pF, 4.5 V < IOVCC < VCC SDO propagation delay from SCK falling edge, CLOAD = 10 pF, 2.85 V < IOVCC < 4.5 V CLR pulse width CS/LD high to SCK positive edge LDAC pulse width CS/LD high to LDAC high or low transition SCK frequency TGP high time1 TGP low time1 6 6 9 9 10 19 7 t9 t10 t11 t12 fSCK t13 t14 1 Typ Max Unit 20 30 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns MHz μs μs 20 7 15 15 50 1 1 Guaranteed by design and not production tested. Table 3. 2.85 V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5 V and 1.71 V ≤ IOVCC ≤ 2.85 V Parameter Test Conditions/Comments Min t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 t12 fSCK t13 t14 SDI valid to SCK setup SDI valid to SCK hold SCK high time SCK low time CS/LD pulse width LSB SCK high to CS/LD high CS/LD low to SCK high SDO propagation delay from SCK falling edge, CLOAD = 10 pF CLR pulse width CS/LD high to SCK positive edge LDAC pulse width CS/LD high to LDAC high or low transition SCK frequency (50% duty cycle, excludes SDO operation) TGP high time1 TGP low time1 7 7 30 30 15 19 7 1 Typ Max Unit 60 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns MHz μs μs 30 7 15 15 15 1 1 Guaranteed by design and not production tested. analog.com Rev. A | 7 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 SPECIFICATIONS Timing Diagrams Figure 2. Timing Diagram for Serial Interface, LDAC, CLR, and Toggle Pins CS/LD SCK SDI 1 X 3 2 X X 5 4 X X 6 8 7 X X X 9 C3 10 C2 11 C1 12 C0 13 A3 14 A2 15 A1 16 A0 17 18 D15 D14 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 32-BIT INPUT WORD (HIGH-Z) FR7 FR6 FR5 FR4 FR3 FR2 FR1 FAULT REGISTER (FR) BITS FR0 C3 C2 C1 C0 COMMAND WORD A3 A2 A1 A0 D15 D14 ADDRESS WORD PREVIOUS 24-BIT INPUT WORD + 8-BIT FAULT REGISTER (HIGH-Z) DATA WORD 003 SDO Figure 3. LTC2672 32-Bit Command Sequence Figure 4. LTC2672 24-Bit Command Sequence analog.com Rev. A | 8 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS THERMAL RESISTANCE Table 4. Parameter Rating VCC to GND IOVCC to GND V− to GND VDDx to GND VDDx to V− OUTx to GND MUX REF, REFCOMP, FSADJ CS/LD, SCK, SDI, LDAC, CLR, TGP to GND FAULT to GND SDO Temperature Operating Range (TJ) Storage Range Junction, TJMAX −0.3 V to +6 V −0.3 V to +6 V −6 V to +0.3 V −0.3 V to (VCC + 0.3 V) −0.3 V to +10 V (V− − 0.3 V) to (VDDx + 0.3 V) (V− − 0.3 V) to (VCC + 0.3 V) −0.3 V to minimum (VCC + 0.3 V, 6 V) −0.3 V to +6 V −0.3 V to +6 V –0.3 V to minimum (VCC + 0.3 V, 6 V) −40°C to +125°C −65°C to +150°C 150°C Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability. analog.com Thermal performance is directly linked to printed circuit board (PCB) design and operating environment. Careful attention to PCB thermal design is required. θJA is the natural convection, junction to ambient thermal resistance measured in a one cubic foot sealed enclosure, and θJC is the junction to case thermal resistance. Table 5. Thermal Resistance Package Type θJA θJC Unit 05-08-16931 44 7.3 °C/W 1 Thermal impedance simulated values are based on JEDEC 2S2P thermal test board with no bias. See JEDEC JESD-51. ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Charged devices and circuit boards can discharge without detection. Although this product features patented or proprietary protection circuitry, damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy ESD. Therefore, proper ESD precautions should be taken to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. Rev. A | 9 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS LTC2672 V– VDD0 VCC MUX IOVCC FAULT CLR GND TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 GND 1 24 OUT0 TGP 2 23 OUT1 SDI 3 22 VDD1 21 VDD2 33 GND OUT2 19 OUT3 LDAC 7 18 VDD3 GND 8 17 VDD4 OUT4 V– GND VCC FSADJ 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 REFCOMP 9 REF SCK 5 REFLO 20 CS/LD 6 NOTES 1. TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 44°C/W, θ JC = 7.3°C/W. 2. GROUND. SOLDER THIS PAD DIRECTLY TO THE ANALOG GROUND PLANE. 005 SDO 4 Figure 5. Pin Configuration Table 6. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. Mnemonic Description 1, 8, 14, 32 2 GND TGP 3 SDI 4 SDO 5 6 SCK CS/LD 7 LDAC 9 10 REFLO REF 11 REFCOMP 12 FSADJ 13, 27 VCC Analog Ground. Tie GND to an analog ground plane. Asynchronous Toggle Pin. A falling edge on TGP updates the DAC register with data from Input Register A. A rising edge on TGP updates the DAC register with data from Input Register B. Toggle operations only affect the DAC channels that have the toggle select bit (Tx) set to 1. Tie TGP to IOVCC if the toggle operations are being done through software. Tie TGP to GND if the toggle operations are not used. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. Serial Data Input. Data on SDI is clocked into the DAC on the rising edge of SCK. The LTC2672 accepts input word lengths of 24 bits, 32 bits, or multiples of 32 bits. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. Serial Data Output. The serial output of the 32-bit shift register appears at SDO. The data transferred to the device via SDI is delayed 32 SCK rising edges before being output at the next falling edge. SDO can be used for data echo readback or daisy-chain operation. SDO becomes high impedance when CS/LD is high. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. Serial Clock Input. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. Serial Interface Chip Select/Load Input. When CS/LD is low, SCK is enabled for shifting SDI data into the register, and SDO is enabled. When CS/LD is taken high, SDO and SCK are disabled, and the specified command (see Table 7) is executed. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. Active Low Asynchronous DAC Update Pin. LDAC allows updates independent of SPI timing. If CS/LD is high, a falling edge on LDAC updates all DAC registers with the contents of the input registers. LDAC is gated by CS/LD and has no effect if CS/LD is low. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. If LDAC is not used, tie LDAC to IOVCC. Reference Low. REFLO is the signal ground for the reference. Tie REFLO directly to GND. Reference Input and Output. The voltage at REF proportionally scales the full-scale output current of each DAC output channel. By default, the internal 1.25 V reference is routed to REF. REF must be buffered when driving external dc load currents. If the reference is disabled (see the Reference Modes section), the reference output is disconnected, and REF becomes a high impedance input that accepts a precision external reference. For low noise and reference stability, tie a capacitor from REF to GND. The capacitor value must be less than CREFCOMP, where CREFCOMP is the capacitance tied to REFCOMP. The allowable external reference input range is 1.225 V to 1.275 V. Internal Reference Compensation Pin. For low noise and reference stability, tie a 0.1 µF capacitor from REFCOMP to GND. Tying REFCOMP to GND causes the device to power up with the internal reference disabled and allows the use of an external reference at start-up. Full-Scale Current Adjust Pin. FSADJ can be used in one of two ways to produce either nominal, internally calibrated output ranges, or incrementally tunable ranges. In either case, the reference voltage, VREF, is forced across a resistor, RFSADJ, to define a reference current that scales the outputs for all ranges and channels. Full-scale currents are proportional to the voltage at REF and are inversely proportional to RFSADJ. If FSADJ is tied to VCC, an internal RFSADJ (20 kΩ) is selected, which results in nominal output ranges. An external resistor of 19 kΩ to 41 kΩ can be used instead by connecting the resistor between FSADJ and GND. In this case, the external resistor controls the scaling of the ranges, and the internal resistor is automatically disconnected. See Table 9 for details. When using an external resistor, FSADJ is sensitive to stray capacitance and must be compensated with a snubber network that consists of a series combination of 1 kΩ and 1 µF connected in parallel to RFSADJ. With the recommended compensation, FSADJ is stable while driving stray capacitance up to 50 pF. Analog Supply Voltage. 2.85 V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5 V. All output supply voltages must be less than or equal to VCC, (VDDx ≤ VCC). Bypass VCC to GND with a 1 µF capacitor. analog.com Rev. A | 10 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Table 6. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. Mnemonic 15, 26 V− 16, 19, 20, 23, 24 17, 18, 21, 22, 25 28 29 30 31 33 analog.com Description Negative Supply Voltage. −5.5 V ≤ V− ≤ GND. Bypass V− to GND with a 1 µF capacitor unless V− is connected to GND. See Figure 31 for safe operating voltages. OUT4 to OUT0 DAC Analog Current Outputs. Each current output pin has a dedicated analog supply pin, VDD0 to VDD4. The load attached to OUTx must be terminated to GND. For information on combining outputs, see the Load Termination and Combining Channels section. VDD4 to VDD0 Output Supplies. VDD0 to VDD4 operate at 2.1 V to VCC with respect to GND, and at 2.85 V to 9 V with respect to V−. These five positive supply inputs provide independent supplies for each of the five DAC current output pins, OUT0 to OUT4, respectively. Note that the highest output supply voltage must be less than or equal to VCC (VDDx ≤ VCC). Bypass each supply input to GND separately with a 1 µF capacitor. Unused output supplies must be connected to a valid VCC or VDDx supply. Do not leave these pins floating. See Figure 31 for safe operating voltages. MUX Analog Multiplexer Output. Pin voltages and currents can be monitored by measuring the voltage at MUX. When the multiplexer is disabled, MUX becomes high impedance. The available multiplexer selections are shown in Table 10. IOVCC Digital Input and Output Supply Voltage. 1.71 V ≤ IOVCC ≤ VCC + 0.3 V. Bypass IOVCC to GND with a 0.1 µF capacitor. FAULT Active Low Fault Detection Pin. This open-drain, N-channel output pulls low when any valid fault condition is detected. FAULT is released on the next CS/LD rising edge. A pull-up resistor is required (5 kΩ recommended). CLR Active Low Asynchronous Clear Input. A logic low at this level triggered input clears the device to the default reset code and output range, which is zero-scale with the outputs off. The control registers are cleared to zero. Logic levels are determined by IOVCC. GND Ground. Solder this pad directly to the analog ground plane. Rev. A | 11 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 32 24 16 INL (LSB) 8 0 –8 –16 3.125mA 25mA 200mA 300mA –32 0 16384 32768 49152 65536 006 –24 CODE Figure 6. LTC2672-16 INL Figure 9. Settling 145 mA to 155 mA Step (VOUT Is the Output Voltage) 2.0 3.125mA 25mA 200mA 300mA 1.5 1.0 INL (LSB) 0.5 0 –0.5 –1.0 –1.5 0 1024 2048 3072 4096 033 –2.0 CODE Figure 10. LTC2672-16 DNL Figure 7. LTC2672-12 INL 0.50 1.0 25mA SPAN 25mA 50mA 100mA 200mA 300mA 0.8 0.6 0.25 0.2 DNL (LSB) FSE (%FSR) 0.4 0 –0.2 –0.4 0 –0.25 –0.6 –0.8 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 8. Full–Scale Current Error (FSE) vs Temperature analog.com 140 0 1024 2048 CODE 3072 4096 034 –0.50 –20 007 –1.0 –40 Figure 11. LTC2672-12 DNL Rev. A | 12 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 350 300 VOUT, 1V/DIV SPAN = 3.125mA RLOAD = 800Ω 0.709V IOUTx (mA) 250 200 0.473V 150 100 0.440V 50 0.432V CS/LD 0 5µs/DIV 0 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 010 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 15. IOUTx vs. Dropout Voltage for Multiple Current Ranges Figure 12. Settling 0 mA to 3.125 mA Step 0.60 200mA RANGE IOUTx = 200mA VOUTX, 2V/DIV VDDX = 5V 0.55 SPAN = 200mA RLOAD = 15Ω VDROPOUT (V) VDDX = 4.5V 1.50 013 VOUT RESIDUAL 500µV/DIV AVERAGE OF 1024 EVENTS tSETTLE = 3.8µs TO ±0.024%, 21.1µs TO ±0.0015% VDDX – V– = 4.75V 300mA 200mA 100mA 50mA VDDX = 3.6V VOUTX RESIDUAL 100µV/DIV 0.50 0.45 CS/LD 0.40 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 014 TOTAL SUPPLY V DDx – V– (V) 011 tSETTLE = 3.5µs TO ±0.024%, 2ms/DIV 200µs TO ±0.0015% AVERAGE OF 1024 EVENTS. tSETTLE MEASURED AT V DDX = 3.6V TO MINIMIZE THERMAL SETTLING TAIL Figure 16. VDROPOUT vs. Total Supply VDDx − V− Figure 13. Settling 0 mA to 200 mA Step 1.254 1.253 1.252 VREF (V) 1.251 1.250 1.249 1.248 1.247 –20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 14. Offset Current Error vs. Temperature analog.com 120 140 015 1.246 –40 Figure 17. VREF vs. Temperature Rev. A | 13 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 250 CODE 65535 CODE 49152 CODE 32768 CODE 16384 225 200 0.463V 0.347V 125 100 0.229V 75 50 0.114V CH1: 200mA SPAN, I OUT1 = 100mA CH0: 200mA SPAN, STEP 100mA TO 200mA [RISING TRANSITION] ALL CHANNELS: RLOAD = 15Ω, CLOAD = 0pF 25 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 2µs/DIV 016 0 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) 020 150 IOUTx (200µA/DIV) IOUTx (mA) 175 Figure 18. IOUTx vs. Dropout Voltage for Multiple Codes (200 mA Span) Figure 21. DAC to DAC Crosstalk (Rising) IOUTx (1mA/DIV) VOUTx (500mV/DIV) 200mA RANGE; RLOAD = 15Ω Figure 19. Midscale Glitch 5µs/DIV 021 2µs/DIV 017 IOUTx = 100mA SPAN = 200mA RLOAD = 4Ω CODE SEQUENCE = 0x7FFF TO 0x8000 Figure 22. Large Signal Response Figure 20. Current Noise Density vs. Frequency, Grounded CLOAD = 0 µF, 1 µF, and 10 μF analog.com Rev. A | 14 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 TERMINOLOGY Integral Nonlinearity (INL) Power Supply Rejection (PSR) INL is a measurement of the maximum deviation, in LSBs, from a straight line passing through the endpoints of the DAC transfer function. INL for this DAC is defined from Code 384 to Code 65535 for the LTC2672-16 and Code 24 to Code 4095 for the LTC2672-12. PSR indicates how the output of the DAC is affected by changes in the supply voltage. PSR is the change in VOUTx because of a specified change in VCC, V−, or VDDx for a full-scale output of the DAC and is expressed in LSB. Differential Nonlinearity (DNL) Settling Time DNL is the difference between the measured change and the ideal 1 LSB change between any two adjacent codes. A specified DNL of ±1 LSB maximum ensures monotonicity. This DAC is guaranteed monotonic by design. Because the output must have a finite output current, DNL for this DAC is defined from Code 384 to Code 65,535 for the LTC2672-16 and Code 24 to Code 4095 for the LTC2672-12. Settling time is the amount of time it takes for the output of a DAC to settle to a specified error window for a full-scale input change and is measured from the rising edge of CS/LD. Current Offset Error (IOS) Unipolar offset error is typically measured when zero code is loaded to the DAC register. Because offset can be either positive or negative polarity and the output current cannot go below zero, offset is defined at Code 384 for the LTC2672-16 and Code 24 for the LTC2672-12 and calculated based on the expected output at that code. IOS Temperature Coefficient The IOS temperature coefficient is a measure of the change in IOS with a change in temperature and is expressed in ppm/°C. Glitch Impulse Glitch impulse is the impulse injected into the analog output when the input code in the DAC register changes state. Glitch impulse is normally specified as the area of the glitch in nA × sec and is measured when the digital input code is changed by 1 LSB at the midscale transition. DC Crosstalk DC crosstalk is the dc change in the output level of one DAC in response to a 100 mA to 200 mA change in the outputs of all other DAC channels. The monitored channel is maintained at 150 mA (3/4 × IFS). DC crosstalk is expressed in %FSR. DAC to DAC Crosstalk Gain error is a measure of the span error of the DAC and is the deviation in slope of the DAC transfer characteristic from the ideal expressed as a percentage of full-scale range (%FSR). DAC to DAC crosstalk is the glitch that appears at the output of one DAC because of a step change from 100 mA to 200 mA in another DAC channel. The measured DAC is at midscale (100 mA output current) in the 200 mA range. The energy of the glitch is expressed in nA × sec. Gain Error Temperature Coefficient Output Noise Spectral Density The gain error temperature coefficient is a measurement of the change in gain error with changes in temperature and is expressed in ppm/°C. Output noise spectral density is a measurement of the internally generated random noise. Random noise is characterized as a spectral density (nA/√Hz) and is measured by loading the DAC to 150 mA (3/4 × IFS) and measuring noise at the output. Gain Error analog.com Rev. A | 15 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 THEORY OF OPERATION The LTC2672 is a family of five-channel, current source output DACs with selectable output ranges, a precision reference, and a multiplexer for surveying the channel output voltages and currents. Each output draws its current from a separate dedicated positive supply pin that accepts voltages of 2.1 V to VCC to allow optimization of power dissipation and headroom for a wide range of loads. Internal 12 Ω switches allow any output pin to be connected to an optional negative V− supply voltage and sink up to 80 mA. LOAD TERMINATION AND COMBINING CHANNELS The load attached to any OUTx pins must be terminated to ground. The OUTx pins that are not used in the system design must be left open (no connect). Any combination of OUTx pins can be tied together if currents greater than 300 mA are needed or for finer control of large currents. The LTC2672 offers the following four span categories: Eight current ranges Off mode ► Switch to V− ► Power-down ► ► All channels tied together must be operated in the same span category. POWER-ON RESET The outputs reset to a current off state (off mode) on power-up, which makes system initialization consistent and repeatable. When power-on initialization is complete, select the output span via the SPI bus using Table 7, Table 8, and Table 9. POWER SUPPLY SEQUENCING The supplies (VCC, IOVCC, V−, and VDD0 to VDD4) can be powered up in any convenient order. If an external reference is used, do not allow the input voltage at REF to rise above VCC + 0.3 V during supply turn on and turn off sequences (see the Absolute Maximum Ratings section). When startup is complete, ensure that no supply exceeds VCC. DC reference voltages of 1.225 V to 1.275 V are acceptable. Supply bypassing is critical to achieving the best possible performance. Use at least 1 µF of low equivalent series resistance (ESR) capacitance to ground on all supply pins and locate the capacitor as close to the device as possible. A 0.1 µF capacitor can be used for IOVCC. DATA TRANSFER FUNCTION The DAC input to output transfer functions for all resolutions and output ranges ≥25 mA are shown in Figure 23 and Figure 24. The input code is in straight binary format for all ranges. Although the device is tolerant of mixing span categories, doing so must be avoided because mixing span categories can increase supply currents and/or compromise accuracy. When the combined channels are operated in the current range span category (3.125 mA to 300 mA), the ranges and DAC codes do not need to be the same for each channel. analog.com Rev. A | 16 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SERIAL INTERFACE When the CS/LD pin is taken low, the data on the SDI pin is bit loaded into the shift register on the rising edge of the clock (SCK pin). The 4-bit command, C3 to C0, is loaded first, followed by the 4-bit DAC address, A3 to A0, and then the 16-bit data word in straight binary format. For the LTC2672-16, the data word comprises the 16-bit input code ordered MSB to LSB. For the LTC2672-12, the data word comprises the 12-bit input code, ordered MSB to LSB, followed by four don’t care bits. Data can only be transferred to the LTC2672 when the CS/LD signal is low. The rising edge of CS/LD ends the data transfer and causes the device to carry out the action specified in the 24-bit input word. Even though the minimum input word is 24 bits, it can be extended to 32 bits. To use the 32-bit word width, transfer eight don’t care bits to the device first, followed by the 24-bit word. The 32-bit word is required for echo readback and daisy-chain operation. The 32-bit word also provides accommodation for processors that have a minimum word width of 16 bits or more. The complete 24-bit and 32-bit sequences are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. Note that the fault register outputs appear on the SDO pin for either word width. Table 7. SPI Commands Command Number Data 0000 1000 0110 1110 0001 1001 0011 0010 1010 0100 0101 1011 1100 1101 0111 1111 Write code to DAC Channel x Write code to all DAC channels Write span to DAC Channel x Write span to all DAC channels Power up and update DAC Channel x Power up and update all DAC channels Write code to DAC Channel x, power up and update DAC Channel x Write code to DAC Channel x, power up, and update all DAC channels Power up, write code to and update all DAC channels Power down Channel x Power down chip Monitor multiplexer Toggle select Global toggle Configuration command No operation Table 8. DAC Address Mapping Address DAC Number A3 A2 A1 A0 DAC0 DAC1 DAC2 DAC3 DAC4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 analog.com Note that any DAC address code used other than the codes given in Table 8 causes the command to be ignored. INPUT AND DAC REGISTERS The LTC2672 has five internal registers for each DAC, in addition to the main shift register. Each DAC channel has two sets of double-buffered registers, one set for the code data and one set for the span (output range) of the DAC. Double buffering provides the capability to simultaneously update the span and code, which allows smooth current transitions when changing output ranges. Double buffering also allows the simultaneous updating of multiple DACs. Each set of double-buffered registers comprises an input register and a DAC register. Regarding the input register, the write operation shifts data from the SDI pin into a chosen register. The input registers are holding buffers. Write operations do not affect the DAC outputs. In the code datapath, there are two input registers, Register A and Register B, for each DAC register. Register B is an alternate register used only in the toggle operation, and Register A is the default input register. Regarding the DAC register, the update operation copies the contents of an input register to its associated DAC register. The content of a DAC register directly controls the DAC output current or range. The update operation also powers up the selected DAC if the DAC had been in power-down mode. Note that updates always refresh both code and span data, but the values held in the DAC registers remain unchanged unless the associated input register values have been changed via a write operation. For example, if a new code is written and the channel is updated, the code is updated while the span is refreshed and unchanged. A channel update can come from a serial update command, an LDAC negative pulse, or a toggle operation. OUTPUT RANGES AND SOFTSPAN OPERATION The LTC2672 is a five-channel current DAC with selectable output ranges. The full set of current output ranges is only available through SPI programming. Figure 26 shows a simplified diagram of a single channel of the LTC2672. The full-scale current range of the LTC2672 is selected via four control bits, Bits[S3:S0], on a per channel basis. The user can also provide an external reference at the REF pin or use an external resistor at the FSADJ pin to adjust the full-scale currents as needed. The LTC2672 initializes at power-up with all channel outputs (OUT0 to OUT4) in off mode. The range and code of each channel are then fully programmable through SoftSpan™, as shown in Table 9, Figure 23, and Figure 24. Each channel has a set of double-buffered registers for range information. Program the span input register using the write span to DAC Channel x or write Rev. A | 17 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION As shown in Table 9 , there are two additional selections (Code 0000 and Code 1000) that place the output(s) in off mode or in a mode where a low on resistance (≤12 Ω) switch shunts the DAC output to the negative supply, V−. When the switch is on, the OUTx pin driver is disabled for that channel(s). Span codes not listed in Table 9 default to the off mode output range. span all commands (0110b and 1110b, respectively, see Table 7). Figure 25 shows the syntax, and Table 9 shows the span codes and ranges. As with the double-buffered code registers, update operations copy the span input registers to the associated span DAC registers. 300 300mA RANGE 200mA RANGE 100mA RANGE 50mA RANGE 25mA RANGE OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 250 Table 9. Span Codes Output Range 200 150 100 50 0 16384 32768 49152 65536 023 0 CODE S3 S2 S1 S0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 FSADJ = VCC Off mode 3.125 mA 6.25 mA 12.5 mA 25 mA 50 mA 100 mA 200 mA 300 mA Switch to V− External RFSADJ Off mode 50 × VREF/RFSADJ 100 × VREF/RFSADJ 200 × VREF/RFSADJ 400 × VREF/RFSADJ 800 × VREF/RFSADJ 1600 × VREF/RFSADJ 3200 × VREF/RFSADJ 4800 × VREF/RFSADJ Switch to V− Figure 23. LTC2672-16 Transfer Function 300 300mA RANGE 200mA RANGE 100mA RANGE 50mA RANGE 25mA RANGE OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 250 200 150 100 50 0 1024 2048 3072 CODE 4096 035 0 Figure 24. LTC2672-12 Transfer Function analog.com Rev. A | 18 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 0 1 1 0 ADDRESS A3 A2 A1 DON’T CARE A0 X X X X X X X SPAN CODE X X X X X S3 S2 S1 S0 024 WRITE SPAN COMMAND Figure 25. Write Span Syntax VDDx VCC PER CHANNEL (×5) INTERNAL REFERENCE SPAN REF FULL SCALE ADJUST CODE DAC OUTx FSADJ SWITCH TO V– RFSADJ SPAN 20kΩ V– GND 025 REFLO Figure 26. Single-Channel Simplified Diagram 1 0 1 DON’T CARE 1 X X X X X X X X X MUX CONTROL CODE X X X X X X M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 026 MUX COMMAND Figure 27. Multiplexer Command Table 10. Analog Multiplexer Control Address Bits M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 Multiplexer Signal Output 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 Disabled (high-Z) OUT0 current measurement OUT1 current measurement OUT2 current measurement OUT3 current measurement OUT4 current measurement VCC VREF VREFLO Die temperature, T VDD0 VDD1 analog.com Notes1 IOUT0 = full-scale current (IFS) × VMUX/VREF IOUT1 = IFS × VMUX/VREF IOUT2 = IFS × VMUX/VREF IOUT3 = IFS × VMUX/VREF IOUT4 = IFS × VMUX/VREF DAC ground (0 V) reference T = 25°C + (1.4 V − VMUX)/(0.0037 V/°C) Rev. A | 19 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Table 10. Analog Multiplexer Control Address Bits M4 M3 M2 M1 M0 Multiplexer Signal Output 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 VDD2 VDD3 VDD4 V– GND OUT0 pin voltage OUT1 pin voltage OUT2 pin voltage OUT3 pin voltage OUT4 pin voltage 1 Notes1 IFS is the full-scale current, and VMUX is the output voltage of the multiplexer at the MUX pin. MONITOR MULTIPLEXER The LTC2672 includes a multiplexer for monitoring both the voltages and currents at the five current output pins (OUTx). Additionally, VDDx, V−, VCC, VREF, and the die temperature can all be monitored. The MUX pin is intended for use with high impedance inputs only. The impedance at the MUX pin is typically 15 kΩ. The continuous dc output current at the MUX pin must be limited to ±1 mA to avoid damaging internal circuitry. The operating range of the multiplexer extends rail-to-rail from V− to VCC, and its output is disabled (high impedance) at power-up. The syntax and codes for the multiplexer command are shown in Figure 27 and Table 10. CURRENT MEASUREMENT USING THE MULTIPLEXER Measure the current of any output pin by using the multiplexer command (1011b) with one of the multiplexer current measurement codes from Table 10. The multiplexer responds by outputting a voltage proportional to the actual output current. The proportionality factor is given by the following equation: IOUTx = IFS × VMUX/VREF where: IOUTx is the output current the OUTx pin. The current measurement function does not sense the current at the OUTx pins but instead uses the DAC settings to predict the output current. Therefore, the previous equation is invalid if the OUTx pin is open (or dropping out), or if the span is not set to one of the eight current ranges. In the previous equation, note that VMUX varies only with the DAC code (and reference voltage) and is the same for every span setting. IFS must be given the value of the active span setting for the equation to evaluate correctly. analog.com VMUX has the same optimal linearity as the current outputs, but calibrating for slope error (±15% FSR) is necessary for accurate results. ±1% FSR accuracy is achievable with a one-point or twopoint calibration. DIE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT USING THE MULTIPLEXER Measure the die temperature by using the multiplexer command with the multiplexer Control Code 01010b. The voltage at the MUX pin (VMUX) in this case is linearly related to the die temperature by a temperature coefficient of −3.7 mV/°C. The measured TJ is then TJ = 25°C + (1.4 V − VMUX)/(3.7 mV/°C) If needed, the temperature monitor can be calibrated by measuring the initial temperature and voltage, and then substituting these values for 25°C and 1.4 V, respectively, in the previous equation. MONITOR MULTIPLEXER PRECHARGE CONSIDERATIONS The analog multiplexer in the LTC2672 is unbuffered, which obviates error terms from amplifier offsets. However, without buffers, the high impedance current outputs can be disturbed because of charge transfer at the moment when the MUX pin is connected. The LTC2672 contains circuitry that suppresses charging glitches on the output pins (OUTx) by precharging the mux pin before connecting it to the selected OUTx pin. Because of the precharge behavior, the multiplexer output becomes valid approximately 7 μs after the multiplexer command is given (CS/LD rising). Residual charging transients can be further reduced by adding capacitance to the OUTx pins, if needed. Keep the total capacitance at the MUX pin (including board traces, buffer amplifier inputs, and any other parasitic capacitances) as small as feasible, and do not exceed 100 pF. Rev. A | 20 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION TOGGLE OPERATIONS Some systems require that the DAC outputs switch repetitively between two output levels (for example, switching between an on and off state). The LTC2672 toggle function facilitates these kinds of operations by providing two input registers (Register A and Register B) per DAC channel. Toggling between Register A and Register B is controlled by three signals. The first signal is the toggle select command, which acts on the data field of 5 bits, each of which controls a single channel (see Figure 28). The second signal is the global toggle command, which controls all selected channels using the global toggle bit, TGB (see Figure 29). Lastly, the TGP pin allows the use of an external clock or logic signal to toggle the DAC outputs between Register A and Register B. The signals from these controls are combined as shown in Figure 30. If the toggle function is not needed, tie the TGP pin (Pin 2) to ground and leave the toggle select register in its power-on reset state (cleared to zero). Input Register A then functions as the sole input register, and Register B is not used. TOGGLE SELECT REGISTER (TSR) The toggle select command (1100b) syntax is shown in Figure 28. Each bit in the 5-bit TSR data field controls the corresponding DAC channel of the same name (T0 controls Channel 0, T1 controls Channel 1,…, and T4 controls Channel 4). The toggle select bits (T0 to T4) have a dual function. First, each toggle select bit controls which input register (Register A or Register B) receives data from a write code operation. When the toggle select bit of a given channel is high, write code operations are directed to Register B of the addressed channel. When the bit is low, write code operations are directed to Register A. In addition, each toggle select bit enables the corresponding channel for a toggle operation. WRITING TO INPUT REGISTER A AND INPUT REGISTER B When channels to toggle are chosen, write the desired codes to Input Register A for the chosen channels, then set the channel toggle select bits using the toggle select command and write the desired codes to Input Register B. When these steps are complete, the channels are ready to toggle. For example, to set up Channel 3 to toggle between Code 4096 and Code 4200, take the following steps: 1. Write Code Channel 3 (code = 4096) to Register A 00000011 00010000 00000000. 2. Toggle select (set Bit T3) 11000000 00000000 00001000. 3. Write Code Channel 3 (code = 4200) to Register B 00000011 00010000 01101000. The write code of Step 3 is directed to Register B because in Step 2, Bit T3 was set to 1. Channel 3 now has Input Register A analog.com and Register B holding the two desired codes and is prepared for toggle operation. Note that after writing to Register B, the code for Register A can still be changed. The state of the toggle select bit determines to which register (Register A or Register B) a write is directed. For example, to change Register A while toggling Register B, take the following steps: 1. Reset the toggle select bit, Bit T3, to 0 (11000000 00000000 00000000). 2. Write the new Register A code. If the code used for this example is 4300, the instruction is 00000011 00010000 11001100. 3. Set the toggle select bit, Bit T3, back to 1 (see previous Step 2). It is not necessary to write to Register B again. Channel 3 is ready for the toggle operation. TOGGLING BETWEEN REGISTER A AND REGISTER B When the input registers have been written to for all desired channels and the corresponding toggle select bits are set high, as in the previous example, the channels are ready for toggling. The LTC2672 supports three types of toggle operations: one in which all selected channels are toggled together using the SPI port, another in which all selected channels are toggled together using an external clock or logic signal, and a third in which any combination of channels can be instructed to update from either input register. The internal toggle update circuit is edge triggered, so only transitions (of TGB or TGP) trigger an update from the respective input register. To toggle all selected channels together using the SPI port, ensure the TGP pin is high and that the bits in the toggle select register corresponding to the desired channels are also high. Use the global toggle command (1101b) to alternate codes and sequentially change the global toggle bit, TGB (see Figure 29). Changing TGB from 1 to 0 updates the DAC registers from the respective Input Register A. Changing TGB from 0 to 1 updates the DAC registers from the respective Input Register B. Note that in this way, up to five channels can be toggled with just one serial command. To toggle all selected channels using an external logic signal, ensure that the TGB bit in the global toggle register is high, and that in the toggle select register, the bits corresponding to the desired channels are also high. Apply a clock or logic signal to the TGP pin to alternate codes. The TGP falling edges update the DAC registers from the associated Input Register A. The TGP rising edges update the DAC registers from the associated Input Register B. Note that after the input registers are set up, all toggling is triggered by the signal applied to the TGP pin with no further SPI instructions needed. Rev. A | 21 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION TOGGLE SELECT 1 1 0 pulse to the LDAC pin. Any channels that have toggle select bits that are 0 update from Register A, and channels that have toggle select bits that are 1 update from Register B (see Figure 30). By alternating between toggle select and update operations, up to five channels can be simultaneously switched to Register A or Register B as needed. TOGGLE SELECT BITS (1-BIT/CHANNEL) DON’T CARE 0 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X T4 T3 T2 T1 MSB T0 LSB 027 To cause any combination of channels to update from either Input Register A or Input Register B, ensure that the TGP pin is high and that the TGB bit in the global toggle register is also high. Use the toggle select command to set the toggle select bits as needed to select the input register (Register A or Register B) with which each channel is to be updated. Then, update all channels either by using the serial command (1001b) or by applying a negative Figure 28. Toggle Select Syntax 1 1 0 GLOBAL TOGGLE BIT DON’T CARE 1 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X TGB 028 GLOBAL TOGGLE COMMAND Figure 29. Global Toggle Syntax CHANNEL 3 INPUT REGISTER A (16-BIT) LOGIC 16 0 WRITE A/B MUX 16 INPUT REGISTER B (16-BIT) 7 16 DAC REGISTER 16 16-BIT 1 LDAC UPDATE T4 T3 T2 T1 T0 TOGGLE SELECT BIT T3 TOGGLE SELECT REGISTER TGB LTC2672 GLOBAL TOGGLE BIT (TGB) 32-BIT SHIFT REGISTER SCK 5 CS/LD 6 TGP 2 029 3 SDI Figure 30. Conceptual Block Diagram, Toggle Functionality analog.com Rev. A | 22 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DAISY-CHAIN OPERATION FAULT INDICATOR PIN (FAULT, PIN 30) The serial output of the shift register appears at the SDO pin. Data transferred to the device from the SDI input is delayed for 32 SCK rising edges before being output at the next SCK falling edge so that the data can be clocked into the microprocessor on the next 32 SCK rising edges. The FAULT pin is an open-drain, N-channel output that pulls low when a fault condition is detected. The FAULT pin is released on the next rising CS/LD edge and is an open-drain output suitable for wired-OR connection to an interrupt bus. A pull-up resistor on the bus is required (5 kΩ is recommended). The SDO output can be used to facilitate control of multiple serial devices from a single 3-wire serial port (SCK, SDI, and CS/LD). This kind of daisy-chain series is configured by connecting the SDO of each upstream device to the SDI of the next device in the chain. The shift registers of the devices are thus connected in series to effectively form a single input shift register that extends through the entire chain. Because of this connection, the devices can be addressed and controlled individually by concatenating their input words (the first instruction addresses the last device in the chain, and so on). The SCK and CS/LD signals are common to all devices in the series. Table 11. Fault Register (FR) When in use, CS/LD is first taken low. Then, the concatenated input data is transferred to the chain using the SDI of the first device as the data input. When the data transfer is complete, CS/LD is taken high, which completes the instruction sequence for all devices simultaneously. A single device can be controlled by using the no operation command (1111b) for all other devices in the chain. When CS/LD is taken high, the SDO pin presents a high impedance output. Therefore, a pull-up resistor is required at the SDO of each device (except the last) for daisy-chain operation. ECHO READBACK The SDO pin can verify data transfers to the device. During each 32-bit instruction cycle, the SDO pin outputs the previous 32-bit instruction for verification. The 8-bit don’t care prefix is replaced by eight fault register status bits, followed by the 4-bit command and address words and the full 16-bit data word (see Figure 3 ). The SDO sequence for a 24-bit instruction cycle is the same, except that the data word is truncated to 8 bits (see Figure 4 ). When CS/LD is high, SDO presents a high impedance output and releases the bus for use by other SPI devices. Bit Fault Condition FR0 FR1 FR2 FR3 FR4 FR5 Open-circuit condition detected on OUT0. Open-circuit condition detected on OUT1. Open-circuit condition detected on OUT2. Open-circuit condition detected on OUT3. Open-circuit condition detected on OUT4. Overtemperature. If die temperature TJ > 175°C, FR5 is set, and thermal protection is activated. Can be disabled using the configuration command (0111b). Unused. Invalid SPI sequence length. Valid sequence lengths are 24, 32, and multiples of 32 bits. For all other lengths, FR7 is set, and the SPI instruction is ignored. FR6 FR7 FAULT CONDITIONS AND THERMAL OVERLOAD PROTECTION There are three types of fault conditions that cause the FAULT pin to pull low. First, FR0 to FR4 flag an open-circuit (OC) condition on any of the output pins (OUT0 to OUT4, respectively) when an output channel enters dropout because of insufficient voltage from VDDx to OUTx. An independent open-circuit detection circuit is provided for each of the five DAC current output pins. FR5 provides a detection flag that is set when the die temperature exceeds 175°C. The overtemperature condition also forces all five DAC channels to power down and the open-drain FAULT pin to pull low. FR5 remains set, and the device stays in shutdown until the die cools. Lower than approximately 150°C, the DAC channels can be returned to normal operation. Note that a CS/LD rising edge releases the FAULT pin regardless of the die temperature. FAULT REGISTER Because any DAC channel can source up to 300 mA, the die heating potential of the system design must be evaluated carefully. The LTC2672 provides notifications of operational fault conditions. The fault register (FR) status bits comprise the first data byte (8 bits) of each 24-bit or 32-bit SDO word outputted to the SDO pin during each SPI transaction. See Figure 3 and Figure 4 for the sequences. Finally, FR7 is provided to flag invalid SPI word lengths. Valid word lengths are 24 bits, 32 bits, and integer multiples of 32 bits. Any other length causes FR7 to set, the FAULT pin to assert, and the instruction itself to be ignored. An FR bit is set when its trigger condition is detected and clocked to SDO during the next SPI transaction. FR information is updated with each SPI transaction. Note that, if a fault condition is corrected by the action of an SPI instruction, the cleared FR flag for that condition is observable at SDO on the next SPI transaction. Table 11 lists the FR bits and their associated trigger conditions. analog.com Note that FR6 is unused in this device. CONFIGURATION COMMAND The configuration command has three arguments: OC, TS, and RD (see Figure 33). Setting the OC bit disables open-circuit detection (FR0 to FR4), while the TS bit disables thermal protection (FR5). Set TS with Rev. A | 23 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION caution because thermal damage can easily occur and is the responsibility of the user. 7 The RD bit is used to select external reference operation. The REFCOMP pin must be grounded for external reference use. 5 6 VCC VDD0/VDD1/VDD2/VDD3/VDD4 SAFE-OPERATING AREA 4 3 OUTPUT SUPPLY (V) POWER-DOWN MODE For power constrained applications, power-down mode can be used to reduce the supply current whenever less than five DAC outputs are needed. When in power-down, the voltage-to-current output drivers and reference buffers are disabled. The current DAC outputs are set to off mode. Register contents are not disturbed during power-down. 2 1 2.85V MINIMUM 0 9.0V MAXIMUM –1 –2 –3 V– –4 031 –5 Any channel or combination of channels can be put into powerdown mode by using Command 0100b in combination with the appropriate DAC address. In addition, all DAC channels and the integrated reference together can be put into power-down using the power-down chip command, 0101b. The 16-bit data word is ignored for all power-down commands. –6 Figure 31. Output Supply Safe Operating Area CURRENT OUTPUTS The LTC2672 incorporates a high gain voltage to current converter at each current output pin. INL and DNL are guaranteed for all ranges from 3.125 mA to 300 mA if the minimum dropout voltage (VDDx − VOUTx) is met for all DAC codes. Active operation resumes by executing any command that includes a DAC update, either in software, as shown in Table 7, or by toggling (see the Toggle Operations section). The selected DAC channel is powered up as it is updated with the new code value. When updating a powered-down DAC, add wait time to accommodate for the extra power-up delay. If the channels are powered down (Command 0100b) before the update command, the powerup delay time is 30 µs. If, alternatively, the chip is powered down (Command 0101b), the power-up delay time is 35 µs. If sufficient dropout voltage is maintained, the dc output impedances of the current outputs (OUT0 to OUT4) are high. Each current output has a dedicated positive supply pin, VDD0 to VDD4, to allow the tailoring of the current compliance and power dissipation of each channel. VDDx SAFE SUPPLY RANGES The five output supplies (VDD0 to VDD4) can be independently set between 2.1 V (2.4 V for the 300 mA range) and VCC. In addition, the negative supply, V−, can be set to any voltage between −5.5 V and GND. However, keep the total output supply voltage (VDDx with respect to V−) in the 2.85 V to 9.0 V range, as specified in Table 1 and shown in Figure 31. OFF 80mA OUTx A minimum of 2.85 V is needed to establish drive for the output Ptype metal-oxide semiconductor (PMOS), while the 9.0 V maximum provides a margin of voltage stress tolerance for the output circuit. RON < 12Ω Dropout performance is sensitive to the total output supply voltage. VDROPOUT falls to its minimum as (VDDx − V−) rises from 2.85 V to 4.75 V, and then stays essentially constant as the voltage further increases to 9.0 V. See the VDROPOUT specifications in Table 1 and Figure 16. 032 V– Figure 32. Switch to V– Mode VCC (Pin 13 and Pin 27) must be in the 2.85 V ≤ VCC ≤ 5.5 V range and be greater than or equal to the VDD0 to VDD4 output supplies. 0 1 1 1 DON’T CARE X X X X X X X X X CONFIG BITS X X X X X X X OC X TS RD 030 CONFIG COMMAND Figure 33. Configuration Command Syntax, Open-Circuit (OC) Detection Disable, Thermal Shutdown (TS) Disable, and Reference Disable (RD) analog.com Rev. A | 24 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION SWITCH TO V− MODE REFERENCE MODES Span Code 1000b can be used to pull outputs lower than GND. In switch to V− mode, the output current is turned off for the addressed channel(s), and the channel voltage VOUTx pulls to V−. The pull-down switch can sink up to 80 mA at an effective resistance of 12 Ω maximum. Note that exceeding 80 mA can affect reliability and device lifetime. Switching to V− mode can be invoked with a write span to all channels or a write span to the DAC Channel x command and the desired address. Span codes are shown in Table 9. A diagram of an output in switch to V− mode is shown in Figure 32, where RON is the resistance when the NMOS transistor is conducting. The LTC2672 can be used with either an internal or external reference. As with voltage DACs, the reference voltage scales the outputs so that the outputs reflect any errors in the reference. Full-scale output currents are limited to 300 mA maximum per channel, regardless of reference voltage. GAIN ADJUSTMENT USING THE FSADJ PIN The full-scale output currents are proportional to the reference voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance associated with FSADJ, that is, IOUTFS ~ VREF/RFSADJ. If the FSADJ pin is tied to VCC, the LTC2672 uses an internal RFSADJ ~ 20 kΩ, trimmed to ensure optimal full-scale current error with no user intervention. Optionally, FSADJ can instead be connected to a grounded external resistor to tune the default current ranges to the application using an appropriately specified precision resistor. Values from 19 kΩ to 41 kΩ are supported. The new current ranges can be calculated using the external RFSADJ column of Table 9. The internal resistor is automatically disconnected when using an external resistor. When using an external resistor, the FSADJ pin is sensitive to stray capacitance. The FSADJ pin must be compensated with a snubber network consisting of a series combination of 1 kΩ and 1 µF connected in parallel to RFSADJ. With the recommended compensation, the FSADJ pin is stable while driving stray capacitance of up to 50 pF. OFFSET CURRENT AND CODE 0 The offset current error of the LTC2672 is guaranteed ±0.4 %FSR maximum. If the offset of a given channel is positive, some nonzero current flows at Code 0. If negative, the current is zero (leakage only) for a range of codes close to zero. Offset and linearity endpoints are measured at Code 384 for the LTC2672-16 and at Code 24 for the LTC2672-12, guaranteeing that the DAC operates with a measurable output current at the point of measurement. A channel with a positive offset error may not completely turn off, even at Code 0. To turn an output completely off, set the span to off (Span Code 0000b from Table 9), and update the channel. analog.com The internal 1.25 V reference has a typical temperature drift of ±2 ppm/°C and an initial output tolerance of ±2 mV maximum. The reference is trimmed, tested, and characterized independent of the DACs, and the DACs are tested and characterized with an ideal external reference. To use the internal reference, leave the REFCOMP pin floating with no dc path to GND. In addition, the RD bit in the configuration register must have a value of 0. This value is reset to 0 at power-up and can be reset using the configuration command, 0111b. Figure 33 shows the command syntax. For reference stability and low noise, tie a 0.1 μF capacitor between REFCOMP and GND. In this configuration, the internal reference can drive up to 0.1 μF with optimal stability. To ensure stable operation, the capacitive load on the REF pin must not exceed that on the REFCOMP pin. A buffer is needed if the internal reference will drive external circuitry. To use an external reference, tie the REFCOMP pin to GND, which disables the output of the internal reference at startup so that the REF pin becomes a high impedance input. Apply the reference voltage at the REF pin after powering up. Set the RD bit to 1 using the configuration command, 0111b. The REF input voltage range is 1.225 V to 1.275 V. BOARD LAYOUT The load regulation and dc crosstalk performance of the device is achieved in the device by minimizing the common-mode resistance of the signal and power grounds. As with any high resolution converter, clean board grounding is important. A low impedance analog ground plane is necessary, as well as star grounding techniques. Keep the board layer used for star ground continuous to minimize ground resistances, that is, use the star ground concept without using separate star traces. Resistance from the REFLO pin to the star point must be as low as possible. The GND pin (Pin 33) is recommended as the star ground point. For optimal performance, stitch the ground plane with arrays of vias on 150 mil to 200 mil centers to connect the plane with the ground pours from the other board layers, which reduces the overall ground resistance and minimizes ground loop area. Rev. A | 25 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Figure 34. 32-Lead Plastic QFN 5 mm × 5 mm Body (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1693 Rev. D) Updated: April 15, 2021 ORDERING GUIDE Model1 Temperature Range Package Description Packing Quantity Package Option LTC2672-16DICE#6AM LTC2672CUH-12#PBF LTC2672CUH-12#TRPBF LTC2672CUH-16#PBF LTC2672CUH-16#TRPBF LTC2672HUH-12#PBF LTC2672HUH-12#TRPBF LTC2672HUH-16#PBF LTC2672HUH-16#TRPBF LTC2672IUH-12#PBF LTC2672IUH-12#TRPBF LTC2672IUH-16#PBF 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C -40°C to +125°C -40°C to +125°C -40°C to +125°C -40°C to +125°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C -40°C to +85°C CHIPS OR DIE 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) Tray, 0 Tube, 0 Reel, 0 Tube, 73 Reel, 2500 Tube, 0 Reel, 0 Tube, 73 Reel, 2500 Tube, 0 Reel, 0 Tube, 73 C-32-1 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 05-08-1693 analog.com Rev. A | 26 of 27 Data Sheet LTC2672 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Model1 Temperature Range Package Description Packing Quantity Package Option LTC2672IUH-16#TRPBF -40°C to +85°C 32-Lead QFN (5mm x 5mm x 0.75mm w/ EP) Reel, 2500 05-08-1693 1 Z=RoHS Compliant Part EVALUATION BOARDS Model Description DC2903A-A DC2903A-B LTC2672-16 Evaluation Board LTC2672-12 Evaluation Board ©2020-2021 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Rev. A | 27 of 27
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