User's Guide
SLUUAX6B – February 2014 – Revised June 2014
Dual Mode (WPC and PMA) Integrated Wireless Receiver
Power Supply
The bq51221EVM-520 (PWR520-001) wireless power receiver evaluation kit (EVM) from Texas
Instruments is a high performance, easy-to-use development kit for the design of wireless power solutions.
It helps designers to evaluate the operation and performance of the bq51221 IC, (also, this EVM can be
used to evaluate the bq51021 IC, a WPC-only receiver) a secondary-side receiver device for wireless
power transfer in portable applications. The bq51221 device is a fully contained wireless power receiver
capable of operating in both the WPC and PMA protocols which enables a system to not be confined to
one standard. The bq51221 provides a single stage power conversion while integrating the digital control
and communication. The bq51221 complies with the WPC v1.1 and PMA communication protocol. The kit
enables designers to speed up the development of their end-applications.
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Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3
Considerations with this EVM .............................................................................................. 3
Modifications.................................................................................................................. 4
Recommended Operation Condition ...................................................................................... 4
Equipment and EVM Setup................................................................................................. 5
5.1
Schematic ............................................................................................................ 5
5.2
Connector and Test Point Descriptions .......................................................................... 6
5.3
Jumpers/Switches .................................................................................................. 6
5.4
Test Point Descriptions ............................................................................................ 7
5.5
Pin Description of the IC ........................................................................................... 7
Test Procedure ............................................................................................................... 8
6.1
Definition ............................................................................................................. 8
6.2
Recommended Test Equipment .................................................................................. 8
6.3
Equipment Setup.................................................................................................... 8
6.4
Procedure ............................................................................................................ 9
Test Results ................................................................................................................. 11
7.1
Steady State Operation with bq2425x Charger ............................................................... 11
7.2
Load Step .......................................................................................................... 12
7.3
TS Control Function ............................................................................................... 14
7.4
Efficiency Data ..................................................................................................... 15
7.5
AD Insertion and Removal ....................................................................................... 15
7.6
Thermal Performance ............................................................................................. 16
Dual Mode Coil Design Consideration................................................................................... 17
8.1
Shielding ............................................................................................................ 17
8.2
Receiver Detection: Attraction and Alignment ................................................................. 17
8.3
Inductor Value ..................................................................................................... 17
Layout and Bill of Materials ............................................................................................... 18
9.1
bq5122x Traces ................................................................................................... 18
9.2
Layout Guidelines ................................................................................................. 18
9.3
Printed-Circuit Board Layout Example ......................................................................... 18
9.4
bq51221EVM-520 Layout ........................................................................................ 20
9.5
Bill of Materials .................................................................................................... 23
List of Figures
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1
bq51221EVM-520 Schematic .............................................................................................. 5
2
bq51221 in Steady State Operation with bq24250EVM ............................................................... 11
3
Load Step (PMA) with VIN_DPM
4
Load Step (WPC)........................................................................................................... 13
5
TS Control Function
14
6
System Efficiency versus Output Current
15
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11
12
13
14
15
16
........................................................................................
.......................................................................................................
..............................................................................
AD Insertion and Removal ...............................................................................................
Thermal Image in WPC Transmitter (1000-mA Load) ................................................................
Thermal Image in PMA Transmitter (1000-mA Load) .................................................................
Dual Mode Coil Example ..................................................................................................
bq51221EVM-520 Layout Example .....................................................................................
bq51221EVM-520 Top Assembly ........................................................................................
bq51221EVM-520 Layer 1 ................................................................................................
bq51221EVM-520 Layer 2 ................................................................................................
bq51221EVM-520 Layer 3 ................................................................................................
bq51221EVM-520 Layer 4 ................................................................................................
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List of Tables
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1
bq51221EVM-520 Electrical Performance Specifications .............................................................. 4
2
Pin Description ............................................................................................................... 7
3
bq51221EVM-520 Rev. B Bill of Materials
.............................................................................
Dual Mode (WPC and PMA) Integrated Wireless Receiver Power Supply
23
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Introduction
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1
Introduction
The bq5122x is an advanced, flexible, secondary-side device for wireless power transfer in portable
applications. The bq5122X devices integrate an ultra-low-impedance synchronous rectifier, a very high
efficiency post regulator, digital control, and accurate voltage and current loops. The bq5122X devices
provide the AC/DC power conversion while integrating the digital control required. The IC complies with
both WPC v1.1 and PMA communication protocol.
Together with the bq50xxx primary-side controller or any type-1 PMA transmitter, the bq5122X enables a
complete contactless power transfer system for a wireless power supply solution. By utilizing near-field
inductive power transfer, the secondary coil embedded in the mobile device can pick up the power
transmitted by the primary coil. The voltage from the secondary coil is then rectified and regulated to be
used as a power supply for down-system electronics. Global feedback is established from the secondary
to the primary in order to control the power transfer process.
In WPC, the system communication is digital - packets are transferred from the secondary to the primary.
Differential bi-phase encoding is used for the packets. The bit rate is 2 Kbits/s. Various types of
communication packets have been defined. These include identification and authentication packets, error
packets, control packets, power usage packets and efficiency packets, among others.
A PMA-compliant receiver communicates based on continuous transmission of signals from the receiver to
the transmitter. The PMA system defines six different communications symbols. These are PMA INC,
PMA DEC, PMA NoCHG, PMA EOC, PMA MsgBit and PMA TBD (proprietary for future use). The PMA
receiver will transmit these signals back to back with no gaps between them to control the operation point.
Each PMA receiver will have a unique PMA RXID, transmitted in the RXID message. Note that the first
build of these EVMs do not have RX ID implemented.
2
Considerations with this EVM
The bq51221EVM-520 evaluation module (PWR520-001) demonstrates the receiver portion of the
wireless power system. This receiver EVM is a complete receiver-side solution that produces 5-W output
power at up to 1-A load with adjustable output voltage.
• The receiver can be used in any number of low-power battery portable devices as a power supply for a
battery charger. With contact-free charging capability, no connections to the device are needed.
• Highly integrated wireless power receiver solution
– Ultra efficient synchronous rectifier
– Very high efficiency post regulator
– WPC v1.1- and PMA-compliant communication and control
– Only one IC required between RX coil and DC output
• Programmable output voltage to optimize performance for any application
• Adaptive communication current limit (CM_ILIM) for robust communication in WPC mode
• Supports 20-V max input
• Low-power dissipative over voltage clamp
• Over voltage, over current , over temperature protection for both PMA and WPC modes
• Low-profile, external pick-up coil
• Frame is configured to provide correct receiver to transmitter spacing
• Room above coil for testing with battery, key for Foreign Object Detection (FOD) tuning.
• Options to adjust the input current limit and output voltage using resistor or I2C
• Flexibility for FOD tuning
• Adjustable resistor that can be used to set RFOD
• Temperature sensing can be adjusted using external resistors
• Micro-USB connector for adapter testing configuration
• I2C connector (USB-TO-GPIO “HPA172” kit for I2C communication through computer is required)
• WPG LED indicator (turns on as the VOUT goes high)
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3
Modifications
3
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Modifications
See the bq51221 data sheet (SLUSBS9) when changing components. To aid in such customization of the
EVM, the board was designed with devices having 0402 and 0603 or larger footprints. A real
implementation likely occupies less total board space.
Note that changing components can improve or degrade EVM performance.
4
Recommended Operation Condition
Table 1 provides a summary of the bq51221EVM-520 performance specifications. All specifications are
given for an ambient temperature of 25°C.
Table 1. bq51221EVM-520 Electrical Performance Specifications
Parameter
MIN
TYP
4
MAX
Unit
Rect voltage range
IAD_EN_sink
Sink current
IIN
Input current range
IOUT
Output current range
Current limit programming range
VOUT(REG)
Programmable Output Voltage (1)
POUT = 5 W
4.5
8
V
Fs
Switching Frequency
WPC
110
205
kHz
PMA
235
TJ
Junction Temperature
(1)
4
Test Condition
Vrect
10
V
1
mA
1.5
A
1.5
A
275
125
°C
The output voltage can be adjusted using I2C or the VIREG and VOREG resistors. Also the coil needs to be changed for
different voltage for optimal operation of the EVM.
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Equipment and EVM Setup
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5
Equipment and EVM Setup
5.1
Schematic
Figure 1 illustrates the bq51221EVM-520 schematic.
3
4
AD
1
A
C2
1
2
B1
C17
1µF
3
Q1
CSD75301W1015
AD_EN
C6
0.1µF
D3
Green
C7
3.3µF
R20
1.50k
R17
102k
TS
DNP1
R18
11.3k
R11
10.0k
GND
C16
0.1µF
C14
10µF
DNP D1
Green
C15
10µF
VTSB/VIREG
J5
GND
R7
DNP
1.50k
LPRB1
102k
GND
GND
GND
R19
R21
DNP
27k
C21
2.2µF
R12
5.6Meg
OUT
DNP
DNPC22
100pF
B
GND
C8
TP4
TS
DNP D2
Orange
CM_ILIM
R16
DNP
1.50k
C9
U1
C2
C10
BOOT1
0.015µF
TP1
GND
C1
0.1uF
TP2
C5
100pF
C4
2700pF
AC2
BOOT1
C11
C
BOOT2
0.015µF
RECT
BOOT2
C12
OUT
CLMP2
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
D1
D2
D3
0.47µF
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
PGND
AC1
AC1
AC1
AC2
AC2
AC2
BOOT1
RECT
RECT
RECT
RECT
BOOT2
OUT
OUT
OUT
JP1
GND
1
2
3
LPRB2 and PD_DET
TMEM
TS
CM_ILIM
ILIM
VO_REG
COMM2
LPRB1 and WPG
EN2/SDA
LPRBEN and TERM
FOD
COMM1
CLAMP2
VIREG
EN1/SCL
AD_EN
AD
CLAMP1
OUT
OUT
OUT
G6
G5
G4
G3
G2
G1
F6
F5
F4
F3
F2
F1
E6
E5
E4
E3
E2
E1
D6
D5
D4
R1
56.2k
ADJ
ILIM
FIX
VO_REG
CLMP1
0.47µF
0.056uF
B
5k ohm
ILIM
COMM1
0.082µF
0.082uF
RECT
R5
C3
DNP
J4
GND
R15
DNP
20k
C19
0.1µF
A
GND
GND
GND
2
GND
Rect
RECT
J1
AC1
GND
1
2
TP3
DNP
J3
4
GND
TS
GND
Out
OUT
A1
2
5
GND
6
C1
6
7
8
9
10
11
5
B2
2
A2
1
COMM2
R4
LPRB1
110
TP5
FOD
R3
0
R13
FOD
2.00k
FOD
COMM1
R2
150
GND
CLMP2
VTSB/VIREG
R8
AD_EN
200
1
3
5
7
9
C18
0.1µF
2
4
6
8
10
GND
R9
200
J2
R6
C
500 Ohm
GND
AD
GND
CLMP1
OUT
bq51221
R14
102k
C13
COMM2
VO_REG
0.082µF
R10
11.3k
High
CM_ILIM
JP2
3
2
1
CM_ILIM
C20
1µF
Low
GND
GND
GND
D
D
Rev: B
Number: PWR520
Te xas Instruments and/or its licensors do not warrant the accuracy or completeness of this specification or any information contained therein. Te xas Instruments and/or its licensors do not SVN Rev: Not in version control
Drawn By: T. Allag
warrant that this design will meet the specifications, will be suitable for your application or fit for any particular purpose, or will operate in an implementation. Te xas Instruments and/or its
licensors do not warrant that the design is production worthy. You should completely validate and test your design implementation to confirm the system functionality for your application. Engineer: T. Allag
1
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3
4
5
Designed for: Public Release
Project Title: bq51221EVM-520
Sheet Title:
Assembly Variant:001
File: PWR520B.SchDoc
Contact: http://www.ti.com/support
Mod. Date: 3/5/2014
Sheet: 2 of 3
Size: B
http://www.ti.com
© Tex as Instruments 2014
6
Figure 1. bq51221EVM-520 Schematic
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Equipment and EVM Setup
5.2
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Connector and Test Point Descriptions
The connections points are described in the following paragraphs:
J1 – AD External Adapter Input
Power can be provided to simulate an external adapter applied to the receiver in the bq51221EVM-520
(PWR520-001).
J2 – Programming Connector
This connector is populated and is used for I2C communication using the USB-TO-GPIO “HPA172” kit.
J3 – Output Voltage
Output voltage in wireless power mode up to 1 A; the adapter option is also supported in this PWR520001.
J4 –GND
Ground return
J5 – TS and Return Connector
External connection for temperature sense resistor, see the bq51221 data sheet (SLUSBS9) for additional
information. Not populated in this spin.
5.3
Jumpers/Switches
The control jumpers and switches are described in the following paragraphs:
JP1– ILIM - Fix or ADJ
Max output current is set by ILIM pin. In the FIX position, the current is set to a fixed value of R4. In the
ADJ position current is set by R5. Note that R5 is not installed in this EVM.
JP2 – CM_ILIM
Enables the CM_ILIM feature when pulled low and disables when pulled up (High).
6
Dual Mode (WPC and PMA) Integrated Wireless Receiver Power Supply
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5.4
Test Point Descriptions
The test points are described in the following paragraphs:
TP1 & 2 – AC1 and AC2 Inputs
These are not populated, they can be used for measuring AC voltage applied to the EVM from the
receiver coil.
TP3– Rectified Voltage
The input AC voltage is rectified into unregulated DC voltage (RECT); additional capacitance is used to
filter the voltage before the regulator.
TP4– ILIM
Programming pin for over current limit protection, pin G2 of the IC.
TP5 – FOD
Input for rectified power measurement for Foreign Object Detection feature in WPC, pin F2 of the IC. FOD
pin for the bq51221.
5.5
Pin Description of the IC
Table 2. Pin Description
Pin Number (WCSP)
bq5122x
A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6
PGND
B1, B2, B3
AC1,
B4, B5, B6
AC2,
C1
BOOT1
C2, C3, C4, C5
RECT
C6
BOOT2
D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6
OUT
E1
CLAMP1
E2
AD
E3
AD_EN
E4
SCL
E5
VIREC
E6
CLAMP2
F1
COMM1
F2
FOD
F3
LPRB_EN and TERM
F4
SDA
F5
LPRB1 and WPG
F6
COMM2
G1
VO_REG
G2
ILIM
G3
CM_ILIM
G4
TS
G5
TMEM
G6
LPRB2 and PD_DET
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Test Procedure
6
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Test Procedure
This procedure describes test configuration of the bq51221EVM-520 evaluation board (PWR520-001) for
bench evaluation.
6.1
Definition
The following naming conventions are used:
VXXX : External voltage supply name (VAD, VOUT, VTS)
LOADW: External load name (LOADR, LOADI)
V(TPyy): Voltage at internal test point TPyy. For example, V(TP02) means the voltage at TP02.
V(Jxx): Voltage at header Jxx
V(TP(XXX)): Voltage at test point XXX. For example, V(ACDET) means the voltage at the test point which
is marked as ACDET.
V(XXX, YYY): Voltage across point XXX and YYY.
I(JXX(YYY)): Current going out from the YYY terminal of header XX.
Jxx(BBB): Terminal or pin BBB of header xx.
JPx ON : Internal jumper Jxx terminals are shorted.
JPx OFF: Internal jumper Jxx terminals are open.
JPx (-YY-) ON: Internal jumper Jxx adjacent terminals marked as YY are shorted.
Assembly drawings have location for jumpers, test points, and individual components.
6.2
Recommended Test Equipment
The following equipment is needed to complete this test procedure:
Power Supplies
Power Supply #1 (PS #1) capable of supplying 19 V at 1 A is required power plug to supply the PMA
transmitter (An adapter usually included on the PMA TX module).
Loads
A resistive load or electronic load that can be set to 5 Ω/1000 mA, 10 Ω/500 mA, and 5 kΩ/1 mA power
rating should be 5 W.
Meters
Two DC voltmeters and two DC ammeters are required.
Oscilloscopes
Not required.
bqTesla Transmitter and PMA Transmitter
• The transmitter HPA689 or equivalent will be used to test WPC mode
• PMA to test PMA mode (Duracell Powermat for 2 Devices “PMA compatible”—M2PB1)
• For proper operation, 22-AWG wire is recommended
6.3
Equipment Setup
6.3.1
•
•
•
•
8
Test Set Up
The final assembly will be tested using a bqTesla transmitter (HPA689). Input voltage to the transmitter
is set to 19 VDC ±200 mV with current limit of 1.0 A.
Connect power supply to J1 and J2 of transmitter, HPA689
Set power supply to OFF
Place Unit Under Test (UUT) on transmitter coil
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Test Procedure
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•
•
6.3.2
UUT will be placed in the center of HPA689 TX coil. Other bqTesla transmitter base units are also
acceptable for this test (Just make sure to apply the right input voltage).
A PMA (Duracell Powermat TX) transmitter is needed to test the PMA compliance
Load
• The load is connected between J3-OUT and J4-GND of the UUT
• A DC ammeter is connected between UUT and Load
• Set the load for 5 Ω/1000 mA
6.3.3
Jumper Settings
JP1 → ILIM and FIX are shorted
JP2 → CM_ILIM and high are shorted
6.3.4
Voltage and Current Meters
Connect ammeter to measure 19-V input current to transmitter. Connect voltmeter to monitor input voltage
at J1 and J2 of TX unit. On UUT a voltmeter is used to measure output voltage at J3 with ground at J4.
Connect ammeter to measure load current.
6.3.5
RFOD : R6 Set Up
Connect an ohmmeter between TP5 (FOD) and J4 (GND). Adjust R6 to 480 ohm reading on the
ohmmeter.
6.4
Procedure
6.4.1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6.4.2
Turn ON Operation and Operation at 1000-mA Load
Turn ON Transmitter power supply (19 V)
Transmitter—Verify LED D2 is “ON”
UUT—Adjust load current to 1000 mA ±50 mA
Put the receiver EVM on the Transmitter coil and align them correctly
After 5 seconds verify that:
Transmitter—Status LED D5 should be green flashing ~ 1 sec
You should hear a beep from the transmitter
Transmitter—LED D2 still ON
Receiver—LED D1 is ON
UUT—Verify that Vout is 4.9 V to 5.1 V ( Between J3 and J4)
UUT—Verify that rectified voltage should be 5 V to 5.4 V (between TP3 and GND) (note: a modulation
signal is present on this voltage every 250 ms and may cause fluctuation in the reading use lower
value or base line)
Efficiency Test (1000-mA Load)
• Verify that input current to TX is less than 500 mA with input voltage at 19 VDC
• Turn OFF Transmitter Power Supply (19 V)
6.4.3
•
•
•
•
Turn ON Operation and Operation at 500-mA Load
Turn ON Transmitter power supply (19 V)
Transmitter—Verify LED D2 is “ON”
UUT—Adjust load current to 500 mA ±50 mA
Put the receiver EVM on the Transmitter coil and align them correctly
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9
Test Procedure
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6.4.4
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Operation (1-mA Load)
Turn ON Transmitter power supply (19 V)
Transmitter—Verify LED D2 is “ON”
UUT—Adjust load current to 1 mA ±200 µA
Put the receiver EVM on the Transmitter coil and align them correctly
After 5 seconds verify that:
Transmitter—Status LED D5 should be green flashing ~ 1 sec.
You should hear a beep from the transmitter
Transmitter—LED D2 still ON
Receiver—LED D1 is ON
UUT—Verify that Vout is 4.9 V to 5.2 V ( Between J3 and J4)
UUT—Verify that rectified voltage should be 6.6 V to 8.6 V (between TP3 and GND) (Note: a
modulation signal is present on this voltage every 250 ms and may cause fluctuation in the reading use
lower value or base line)
Efficiency Test (1-mA Load)
• Verify that input current to TX is less than 80 mA with input voltage at 19 VDC
• Turn OFF Transmitter Power Supply (19 V)
6.4.7
•
•
•
•
•
•
10
After 5 seconds verify that:
Transmitter—Status LED D5 should be green flashing ~ 1 sec
You should hear a beep from the transmitter
Transmitter—LED D2 still ON
Receiver—LED D1 is ON
UUT—Verify that Vout is 4.9 V to 5.2 V ( Between J3 or TP7 and J4)
UUT—Verify that rectified voltage should be 5 V to 5.4 V (between TP3 and GND) (Note: a modulation
signal is present on this voltage every 250 ms and may cause fluctuation in the reading use lower
value or base line)
Efficiency Test (500-mA Load)
• Verify that input current to TX is less than 260 mA with input voltage at 19 VDC
• Turn OFF Transmitter Power Supply (19 V)
6.4.5
6.4.6
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PMA Test (1000-mA Load)
Turn ON PMA Transmitter power supply(18 V) or by using the adapter that comes with the PMA
transmitter
Put the receiver EVM on the Transmitter coil and align them correctly
After 5 seconds verify that:
1. You should hear a beep from the transmitter
2. Receiver—LED D3 is ON
UUT—Adjust load current to 1000 mA ±50 mA
UUT—Verify that Vout is 4.9 V to 5.2 V ( Between J3 and J4)
UUT—Verify that rectified voltage should be 5 V to 5.4 V (between TP3 and GND) (Note: a modulation
signal is present on this voltage every 250 ms and may cause fluctuation in the reading use lower
value or base line)
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Test Results
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6.4.8
•
•
•
Adapter Test (500-mA Load)
Connect 5-V ±200 mV adapter on J1 on the PWR520-001 Receiver
Adjust load current to 500 mA ±50 mA (J3 “OUT” and J4 “GND”)
Verify that:
1. UUT—LED D3 is ON
2. UUT—Vout is 5.0 V to 6 V (J3)
3. Transmitter—Status LED D5 is off
7
Test Results
7.1
Steady State Operation with bq2425x Charger
With the power supply off, connect supply to the PMA transmitter.
• Set up the test bench as described in Section 6
• Power PMA TX with 18 V or with the PMA power adapter
• Connect the output of RX to a battery charger (bq24250EVM-150) to charge a battery
• Set the VBAT to 3.8 V
• Set the charger current to ~1.2 A
• Set input current limit from the charger to 1 A
• Monitor the IOUT and VOUT from the RX after putting the receiver EVM on the transmitter coil and
align them correctly
• Figure 2 shows the VOUT and IOUT from the RX as the battery charges
Figure 2. bq51221 in Steady State Operation with bq24250EVM
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Test Results
7.2
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Load Step
The procedure for load step in PMA mode is as follows:
• Set up the test bench as described in Section 6
• Power PMA TX with 18 V or with the PMA power adapter
• Connect the output of RX to a battery charger (bq24250EVM-150) to charge a battery
• Set the VIN_DPM of the charger to 4.6 V
• Set a battery voltage to full charge state and connect system load to system output of the charger.
Then, put the receiver EVM on the transmitter coil and align them correctly.
• Provide a load step from no-load (high impedance) to 1000-mA on the system load
• Monitor on side RX: load current, rectifier voltage, and output voltage as shown in Figure 3
Figure 3. Load Step (PMA) with VIN_DPM
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The procedure for load step in WPC mode is as follows:
• Set up the test bench as described in Section 6 for a WPC transmitter
• Power WPC TX with 19 V. Then put the receiver EVM on the transmitter coil and align them correctly.
• Provide a load step from no-load (high impedance) 1000 mA (if using current source load)
• Monitor on side RX: Rectifier voltage, and output voltage as shown in Figure 4
Figure 4. Load Step (WPC)
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TS Control Function
The procedure for temperature sensing (TS) control functions when the TS pin is held high:
• Set up the test bench as described in Section 6
• Power the PMA TX. Then put the receiver EVM on the transmitter coil and align them correctly.
• Drive the TS pin high (2 V) using external power supply
• Monitor the TS pin, PMA signal (If a test fixture is used—to see End of Charge), WPG, and output
voltage as shown in Figure 5
Figure 5. TS Control Function
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7.4
Efficiency Data
The plot shown in Figure 6 illustrates the system (DC-DC) efficiency of the bq51221EVM-520 under
different transmitters.
0.90
0.80
0.70
Efficiency
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
WPC-bq500210_Vin_19 V
0.20
WPC-bq500210_Vin_5 V
0.10
WPC-bq500410_Vin_12 V
PMA - 18 V
0.00
0.05
0.25
0.45
0.65
0.85
IOUT t A
1.05
C001
Figure 6. System Efficiency versus Output Current
7.5
AD Insertion and Removal
The plot shown in Figure 7 illustrates the behavior of the bq51221 when the AD is inserted while the EVM
is on the transmitter pad. There is a 36-ms off time during the transition between wireless power and wired
power modes.
Figure 7. AD Insertion and Removal
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Thermal Performance
This section shows a thermal image of the bq51221EVM-520 in both WPC and PMA. A 1-A load is used
and output voltage is set to 5 V. There is no air flow and the ambient temperature is 25°C. The peak
temperature of the IC (39°C in WPC and 37°C in PMA) is well below the maximum recommended
operating condition listed in the data sheet.
Figure 8. Thermal Image in WPC Transmitter (1000-mA Load)
Figure 9. Thermal Image in PMA Transmitter (1000-mA Load)
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Dual Mode Coil Design Consideration
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8
Dual Mode Coil Design Consideration
8.1
Shielding
Implementation of a shielding mechanism is recommended as part of receiver device. Shielding provides
protection from possible bi-directional interference between wireless charging system and consumer
electronic device. The interference causes may include coupling interference causing development of heat
due to eddy currents, impact on wireless charging data transfer, and so forth. It is recommended to apply
the shield on all the magnetically active area (between the secondary coil and the electronic device).
8.2
Receiver Detection: Attraction and Alignment
When a PMA Transmitter is in standby phase and a receiver is placed on the charging surface, the
transmitter detects the presence of the receiver by using either passive method with a “Hall Effect Sensor”
or by active method with digital pinging.
In the passive method, the transmitter uses a Hall Effect Sensor to detect the presence of a receiver coil.
It measures the voltage difference between no coil on TX and a full aligned coil on TX. If the difference in
the hall sensor measurements between the two cases is above 200 mV, the power transfer phase will
start as required by PMA. In the active method, it uses a digital pinging method instead. This detection
method uses a periodic short pulse or short burst of pulses applied to the primary coil. By measuring the
resultant interference on the primary coil, the presence of a receiver can be detected.
For both methods, a PMA-compliant receiver coil design shall include materials that can trigger the Hall
Effect Sensor and create enough interference on the digital pinging on the PMA transmitters. The
implementation is vendor specific and may rely on the magnetic material used for alignment aid, the
shielding, or any other material designers select.
The alignment aid ferrite should have no more than 2 mm distance from charged device outer surface.
The recommended shielding ferrite placed on the receiver antenna and the alignment aid fit into the hole
at the center of the shielding ferrite as indicated in Figure 10.
Figure 10. Dual Mode Coil Example
8.3
Inductor Value
A PMA-compliant receiver operating frequency is between 232 kHz and 278 kHz. For best efficient PMA
only systems, the recommended coil self-inductance is around 4-µH range and coil self-resistance is
around 300 mΩ. The operating frequency for PMA is higher than WPC. Thus, for dual mode solution the
inductance has to be increased to meet WPC requirements. For dual mode applications, a recommended
coil self-inductance is about 7.5 µH and coil self-resistance is around 300 mΩ.
In this EVM, the 760308102210 coil from Wurth electronics is used as an example for dual mode solution.
Other coils also can be used such as KNCWZ08C409 from Panasonic and ASC-353583M08-S0 V1.0 from
Amotech. The resonant capacitors are not required for PMA mode only. To support WPC and PMA, tuning
resonant caps according to WPC requirement and with the final configuration of the board is a must. Note
that the coil inductance and the required shielding may vary from application to application depending on
the final configuration of the board.
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Layout and Bill of Materials
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9
Layout and Bill of Materials
9.1
bq5122x Traces
The bq5122x device pins traces can be classified as follows:
• Signal/Sensing Traces
TS/CTRL, SDA, SCL, LPRB2/PD_DET, LPRB1/WPG ,COMM, CHG, ILIM, AD, AD_EN, FOD, TMEM,
CM_ILIM, VO_REG, VIREG, LPRB_EN/TERM.
Make sure these trace are not being interfered by the noisy traces.
• Noisy Traces
AC1, AC2, BOOT, COMM
Make sure to isolated these traces from other traces, you can use ground plan.
• Power Traces
AC1, AC2, OUT, CLAMP, PGND
Make sure to use the right width for the right current rating.
9.2
Layout Guidelines
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
9.3
The traces from the input connector to the inputs of the bq5122x IC pin should be as wide as possible
to minimize the impedance in the lines. Otherwise, a voltage drop and thermal issue will be caused.
Keep the trace resistance as low as possible on AC1, AC2, and OUT.
Use the appropriate current rating traces (width) on the AC, OUT, CLAMP and GND.
The PCB should have a ground plane (return) connected directly to the return of all components
through vias (At least two vias per capacitor for power-stage capacitors, one via per capacitor for
small-signal components).
The dissipation of heat path is important. Adding internal layers increases the thermal performance.
Multiple vias in the PGND pulls of the IC is recommended to decrease the thermal resistance in the
board and allow much easier thermal dissipation through inner layer and power ground layers.
The via interconnect is important and must be optimized near the power pad of the IC and the GND.
2-oz copper or greater is recommended
For high-current applications, the balls for the power paths should be connected to as much copper in
the board as possible. This allows better thermal performance because the board conducts heat away
from the IC.
It is always a good practice to place high frequency bypass capacitors next to RECT and OUT.
Printed-Circuit Board Layout Example
The primary concerns when doing a layout for a custom receiver PCB are as follows:
• AC1 and AC2, GND return trace resistance
• OUT trace resistance
• GND connection
• Copper weight ≥ 2 oz
For a 1-A fast charge current application, the current rating for each net is as follows:
• AC1 = AC2 = 1.2 A
• BOOT1 = BOOT2 = 1 A
• RECT = 10 mA
• OUT = 1 A
• COMM1 = COMM2 = 300 mA
• CLAMP1 = CLAMP2 = 500 mA
• ILIM = 10 mA
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•
•
AD = AD_EN = TS-CTRL = SCL = SDA = TERM = FOD = 1 mA
CHG = 10 mA
It is also recommended to have the following capacitance on RECT and OUT:
• RECT ≥ 10 µF
• OUT ≥ 1 µF
It is always good practice to place high frequency bypass capacitors next to RECT and OUT of 0.1 μF.
Figure 11 illustrates an example of a WCSP layout.
Figure 11. bq51221EVM-520 Layout Example
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Layout and Bill of Materials
9.4
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bq51221EVM-520 Layout
Figure 12 through Figure 16 illustrate the bq51221EVM-520 layout views.
Figure 12. bq51221EVM-520 Top Assembly
Figure 13. bq51221EVM-520 Layer 1
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Figure 14. bq51221EVM-520 Layer 2
Figure 15. bq51221EVM-520 Layer 3
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Layout and Bill of Materials
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Figure 16. bq51221EVM-520 Layer 4
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Layout and Bill of Materials
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9.5
Bill of Materials
Table 3 lists the BOM for the bq51221EVM-520.
Table 3. bq51221EVM-520 Rev. B Bill of Materials
RefDes
Qty
Value
Description
Package Reference
Part No.
Manufacturer
C1
1
0.1uF
CAP, CERM, 0.1uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
C0603C104K5RACTU
Kemet
C2
1
0.056uF
CAP, CERM, 0.056uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
GRM188R71H563KA93D
Murata
C3
1
0.082uF
CAP, CERM, 0.082uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
GRM188R71H823KA93D
Murata
C4
1
2700pF
CAP, CERM, 2700pF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
GRM188R71H272KA01D
Murata
C5
1
100pF
CAP, CERM, 100pF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
402
CC0402KRX7R9BB101
Yageo America
C6
1
0.1uF
CAP, CERM, 0.1uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
402
C1005X7R1H104K050BB
TDK
C7
1
3.3uF
CAP, CERM, 3.3uF, 25V, ±10%, X5R, 0603
603
C1608X5R1E335K080AC
TDK
C8, C13
2
0.082uF
CAP, CERM, 0.082uF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
GRM188R71E823KA01D
Murata
C9, C12
2
0.47uF
CAP, CERM, 0.47uF, 25V, ±10%, X5R, 0603
603
GRM188R61E474KA12D
Murata
C10, C11
2
0.015uF
CAP, CERM, 0.015uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
402
GRM155R71H153KA12D
Murata
C14, C15
2
10uF
CAP, CERM, 10uF, 25V, ±10%, X5R, 0805
805
C2012X5R1E106K125AB
TDK
C16, C19
2
0.1uF
CAP, CERM, 0.1uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
GCM188R71H104KA57B
Murata
C17
1
1uF
CAP, CERM, 1uF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0805
805
GRM21BR71H105KA12L
Murata
C18
1
0.1uF
CAP, CERM, 0.1uF, 16V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
402
GRM155R71C104KA88D
Murata
C20
1
1uF
CAP, CERM, 1uF, 25V, ±10%, X7R, 0603
603
GRM188R71E105KA12D
Murata
C21
1
2.2uF
CAP, CERM, 2.2uF, 16V, ±10%, X5R, 0603
603
GRM188R61C225KE15D
Murata
C22
0
100pF
CAP, CERM, 100pF, 50V, ±10%, X7R, 0402
402
CC0402KRX7R9BB101
Yageo America
D3
1
Green
LED, Green, SMD
1.6x0.8x0.8mm
LTST-C190GKT
Lite-On
H1
1
Tape segment, Low Static Polyimide Film. Cut tape section from 36
yard roll
1.5" x 2.3"
5419-1 1/2"
3M
H2
1
Case Modified Polycase LP-11B with 4 screws
J-6838A
Polycase
H3
1
Coil, RX with Attractor—See Coil Design section
760308102210
Wurth
H4–H7
4
#4 x 3/8" pan head phillips screw
#4 x 3/8"
PSMS 004 0038 PH
B&F Fastener
H8–H11
4
Spacer, 0.100" Thk x 0.25" OD x 0.147" ID
0.1" THK
905-100
Bivar
J1
1
Receptacle, Micro-USB-B, Right Angle, SMD
Micro USB receptacle
105017-0001
Molex
J2
1
Connector, 100mil Shrouded, High-Temperature, Gold, TH
5x2 Shrouded header
N2510-6002-RB
3M
J3, J4
2
Header, 100mil, 2x1, Tin plated, TH
Header, 2 PIN, 100mil, Tin
PEC02SAAN
Sullins Connector
Solutions
JP1, JP2
2
Header, 100mil, 3x1, Tin plated, TH
Header, 3 PIN, 100mil, Tin
PEC03SAAN
Sullins Connector
Solutions
LBL1, LBL2
2
Thermal Transfer Printable Labels, 0.650" W x 0.200" H - 10,000 per
roll
PCB Label 0.650"H x 0.200"W
THT-14-423-10
Brady
Q1
1
-20V
MOSFET, P-CH, -20V, -1.2A, 2x3 DSBGA
2x3 DSBGA
CSD75301W1015
Texas Instruments
R1
1
56.2k
RES, 56.2k ohm, 1%, 0.063W, 0402
402
CRCW040256K2FKED
Vishay-Dale
R2
1
150
RES, 150 ohm, 5%, 0.063W, 0402
402
CRCW0402150RJNED
Vishay-Dale
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Layout and Bill of Materials
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Table 3. bq51221EVM-520 Rev. B Bill of Materials (continued)
RefDes
Value
Description
Package Reference
Part No.
Manufacturer
R3
1
0
RES, 0 ohm, 1%, 0.063W, 0402
402
CRCW04020000Z0ED
Vishay-Dale
R4
1
110
RES, 110 ohm, 1%, 0.063W, 0402
402
CRCW0402110RFKED
Vishay-Dale
R6
1
500
Trimmer, 500 ohm, 0.25W, TH
4.5x8x6.7mm
3266W-501LF
Bourns
R8, R9
2
200
RES, 200 ohm, 1%, 0.1W, 0603
603
RT0603BRD07200RL
Yageo America
R10, R18
2
11.3k
RES, 11.3k ohm, 1%, 0.05W, 0201
201
ERJ-1GEF1132C
Panasonic
R11
1
10.0k
RES, 10.0k ohm, 1%, 0.063W, 0402
402
CRCW040210K0FKED
Vishay-Dale
R12
1
5.6Meg
RES, 5.6Meg ohm, 5%, 0.05W, 0201
201
MCR006YRTJ565
Rohm
R13
1
2.00k
RES, 2.00k ohm, 1%, 0.1W, 0603
603
RC0603FR-072KL
Yageo America
R14, R17, R19
3
102k
RES, 102k ohm, 1%, 0.05W, 0201
201
ERJ-1GEF1023C
Panasonic
R20
1
1.50k
RES, 1.50k ohm, 1%, 0.1W, 0603
603
CRCW06031K50FKEA
Vishay-Dale
R21
0
27k
RES, 27k ohm, 5%, 0.1W, 0603
603
CRCW060327K0JNEA
Vishay-Dale
SH-JP1, SH-JP2
2
1x2
Shunt, 100mil, Gold plated, Black
Shunt
969102-0000-DA
3M
TP–TP5
3
White
Test Point, TH, Miniature, White
Keystone5002
5002
Keystone
U1
1
DUAL MODE (Qi and PMA) INTEGRATED WIRELESS RECEIVER
POWER SUPPLY, YFP0042AWCG
YFP0042AWCG
bq51221YFP
Texas Instruments
D1
0
Green
LED, Green, SMD
1.6x0.8x0.8mm
LTST-C190GKT
Lite-On
D2
0
Orange
LED, Orange, SMD
1.6x0.8x0.8mm
LTST-C190KFKT
Lite-On
FID1–FID3
0
Fiducial mark. There is nothing to buy or mount.
Fiducial
N/A
N/A
J5
0
Header, 100mil, 2x1, Tin plated, TH
Header, 2 PIN, 100mil, Tin
PEC02SAAN
Sullins Connector
Solutions
R5
0
5K
Trimmer, 5k ohm, 0.25W, TH
4.5x8x6.7mm
3266W-502LF
Bourns
R7, R16
0
1.50k
RES, 1.50k ohm, 1%, 0.1W, 0603
603
CRCW06031K50FKEA
Vishay-Dale
R15
0
20k
RES, 20k ohm, 5%, 0.063W, 0402
402
CRCW040220K0JNED
Vishay-Dale
TP1, TP2
0
Black
Test Point, Miniature, Black, TH
Black Miniature Testpoint
5001
Keystone
24
Qty
Dual Mode (WPC and PMA) Integrated Wireless Receiver Power Supply
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Revision History
Changes from A Revision (March 2014) to B Revision .................................................................................................. Page
•
Added information in the abstract including the bq51021 IC as a device that can be evaluated with this EVM. ............. 1
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25
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products typically fit for general consumer use. EVMs may nonetheless generate, use, or radiate radio frequency energy, but have not been
tested for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to part 15 of FCC or the ICES-003 rules. Operation of such EVMs may
cause interference with radio communications, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may
be required to correct this interference.
General Statement for EVMs including a radio
User Power/Frequency Use Obligations: For EVMs including a radio, the radio included in such EVMs is intended for development and/or
professional use only in legally allocated frequency and power limits. Any use of radio frequencies and/or power availability in such EVMs
and their development application(s) must comply with local laws governing radio spectrum allocation and power limits for such EVMs. It is
the user’s sole responsibility to only operate this radio in legally acceptable frequency space and within legally mandated power limitations.
Any exceptions to this are strictly prohibited and unauthorized by TI unless user has obtained appropriate experimental and/or development
licenses from local regulatory authorities, which is the sole responsibility of the user, including its acceptable authorization.
U.S. Federal Communications Commission Compliance
For EVMs Annotated as FCC – FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Part 15 Compliant
Caution
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause
harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Changes or modifications could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
FCC Interference Statement for Class A EVM devices
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial
environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the
instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to
cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at its own expense.
FCC Interference Statement for Class B EVM devices
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment
generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If
this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and
on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Industry Canada Compliance (English)
For EVMs Annotated as IC – INDUSTRY CANADA Compliant:
This Class A or B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.
Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
Concerning EVMs Including Radio Transmitters
This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this
device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired
operation of the device.
Concerning EVMs Including Detachable Antennas
Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain
approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should
be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that necessary for successful communication.
This radio transmitter has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed in the user guide with the maximum
permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain
greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this device.
Canada Industry Canada Compliance (French)
Cet appareil numérique de la classe A ou B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada
Les changements ou les modifications pas expressément approuvés par la partie responsable de la conformité ont pu vider l’autorité de
l'utilisateur pour actionner l'équipement.
Concernant les EVMs avec appareils radio
Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est
autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout
brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement.
Concernant les EVMs avec antennes détachables
Conformément à la réglementation d'Industrie Canada, le présent émetteur radio peut fonctionner avec une antenne d'un type et d'un gain
maximal (ou inférieur) approuvé pour l'émetteur par Industrie Canada. Dans le but de réduire les risques de brouillage radioélectrique à
l'intention des autres utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son gain de sorte que la puissance isotrope rayonnée équivalente
(p.i.r.e.) ne dépasse pas l'intensité nécessaire à l'établissement d'une communication satisfaisante.
Le présent émetteur radio a été approuvé par Industrie Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d'antenne énumérés dans le manuel
d’usage et ayant un gain admissible maximal et l'impédance requise pour chaque type d'antenne. Les types d'antenne non inclus dans
cette liste, ou dont le gain est supérieur au gain maximal indiqué, sont strictement interdits pour l'exploitation de l'émetteur.
Mailing Address: Texas Instruments, Post Office Box 655303, Dallas, Texas 75265
Copyright © 2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated
spacer
Important Notice for Users of EVMs Considered “Radio Frequency Products” in Japan
EVMs entering Japan are NOT certified by TI as conforming to Technical Regulations of Radio Law of Japan.
If user uses EVMs in Japan, user is required by Radio Law of Japan to follow the instructions below with respect to EVMs:
1.
2.
3.
Use EVMs in a shielded room or any other test facility as defined in the notification #173 issued by Ministry of Internal Affairs and
Communications on March 28, 2006, based on Sub-section 1.1 of Article 6 of the Ministry’s Rule for Enforcement of Radio Law of
Japan,
Use EVMs only after user obtains the license of Test Radio Station as provided in Radio Law of Japan with respect to EVMs, or
Use of EVMs only after user obtains the Technical Regulations Conformity Certification as provided in Radio Law of Japan with respect
to EVMs. Also, do not transfer EVMs, unless user gives the same notice above to the transferee. Please note that if user does not
follow the instructions above, user will be subject to penalties of Radio Law of Japan.
http://www.tij.co.jp
【無線電波を送信する製品の開発キットをお使いになる際の注意事項】 本開発キットは技術基準適合証明を受けておりません。 本製品の
ご使用に際しては、電波法遵守のため、以下のいずれかの措置を取っていただく必要がありますのでご注意ください。
1.
2.
3.
電波法施行規則第6条第1項第1号に基づく平成18年3月28日総務省告示第173号で定められた電波暗室等の試験設備でご使用いただく。
実験局の免許を取得後ご使用いただく。
技術基準適合証明を取得後ご使用いただく。。
なお、本製品は、上記の「ご使用にあたっての注意」を譲渡先、移転先に通知しない限り、譲渡、移転できないものとします
上記を遵守頂けない場合は、電波法の罰則が適用される可能性があることをご留意ください。
日本テキサス・インスツルメンツ株式会社
東京都新宿区西新宿６丁目２４番１号
西新宿三井ビル
http://www.tij.co.jp
Texas Instruments Japan Limited
(address) 24-1, Nishi-Shinjuku 6 chome, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other
changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest
issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and
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supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.
TI warrants performance of its components to the specifications applicable at the time of sale, in accordance with the warranty in TI’s terms
and conditions of sale of semiconductor products. Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary
to support this warranty. Except where mandated by applicable law, testing of all parameters of each component is not necessarily
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TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or the design of Buyers’ products. Buyers are responsible for their products and
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adequate design and operating safeguards.
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other intellectual property right relating to any combination, machine, or process in which TI components or services are used. Information
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Products
Applications
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www.ti.com/audio
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www.ti.com/automotive
Amplifiers
amplifier.ti.com
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www.ti.com/communications
Data Converters
dataconverter.ti.com
Computers and Peripherals
www.ti.com/computers
DLP® Products
www.dlp.com
Consumer Electronics
www.ti.com/consumer-apps
DSP
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Energy and Lighting
www.ti.com/energy
Clocks and Timers
www.ti.com/clocks
Industrial
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Interface
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Medical
www.ti.com/medical
Logic
logic.ti.com
Security
www.ti.com/security
Power Mgmt
power.ti.com
Space, Avionics and Defense
www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense
Microcontrollers
microcontroller.ti.com
Video and Imaging
www.ti.com/video
RFID
www.ti-rfid.com
OMAP Applications Processors
www.ti.com/omap
TI E2E Community
e2e.ti.com
Wireless Connectivity
www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
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Copyright © 2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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