INA2128UA

INA2128 INA 212 8 INA 212 8 SBOS035A – DECEMBER 1995 – REVISED APRIL 2007 Dual, Low Power INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER DESCRIPTION FEATURES ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● LOW OFFSET VOLTAGE: 50µV max LOW DRIFT: 0.5µV/°C max LOW INPUT BIAS CURRENT: 5nA max HIGH CMR: 120dB min INPUTS PROTECTED TO ±40V WIDE SUPPLY RANGE: ±2.25V to ±18V LOW QUIESCENT CURRENT: 700µA / IA 16-PIN PLASTIC DIP, SOL-16 The INA2128 is a dual, low power, general purpose instrumentation amplifier offering excellent accuracy. Its versatile 3-op amp design and small size make it ideal for a wide range of applications. Current-feedback input circuitry provides wide bandwidth even at high gain (200kHz at G = 100). A single external resistor sets any gain from 1 to 10,000. Internal input protection can withstand up to ±40V without damage. The INA2128 is laser-trimmed for very low offset voltage (50µV), drift (0.5µV/°C) and high common-mode rejection (120dB at G ≥ 100). It operates with power supplies as low as ±2.25V, and quiescent current is only 700µA per IA—ideal for battery-operated and multiple-channel systems. APPLICATIONS ● SENSOR AMPLIFIER THERMOCOUPLE, RTD, BRIDGE ● MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION ● MULTIPLE-CHANNEL SYSTEMS ● BATTERY OPERATED EQUIPMENT The INA2128 is available in SOL-16 packages, specified for the –40°C to +85°C temperature range. V+ 9 – VINA 1 Over-Voltage Protection INA2128 7 A1A 40kΩ 3 40kΩ 25kΩ A3A RGA 4 2 Over-Voltage Protection – 16 Over-Voltage Protection VINB 14 5 A2A 40kΩ 40kΩ 40kΩ 40kΩ 13 15 GB = 1 + 25kΩ A3B + RefA 10 A1B RGB VINB VOA 25kΩ + VINA 6 GA = 1 + 50kΩ RGA 11 50kΩ RGB VOB 25kΩ Over-Voltage Protection 12 A2B 40kΩ RefB 40kΩ 8 V– Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Copyright © 1995-2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. www.ti.com ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(1) Supply Voltage .................................................................................. ±18V Analog Input Voltage Range ............................................................. ±40V Output Short-Circuit (to ground) .............................................. Continuous Operating Temperature .................................................. –40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature ..................................................... –55°C to +125°C Junction Temperature .................................................................... +150°C NOTE: (1) Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. PIN CONFIGURATION Top View 2 SOIC ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE SENSITIVITY This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ORDERING INFORMATION(1) – VINA 1 – 16 VINB + VINA 2 + 15 VINB RGA 3 14 RGB PRODUCT PACKAGE-LEAD RGA 4 13 RGB INA2128UA INA2128U SOIC-16 SOIC-16 RefA 5 12 RefB VOA 6 11 VOB SenseA 7 10 SenseB V– 8 9 PACKAGE TEMPERATURE DESIGNATOR RANGE DW DW –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C NOTES: (1) For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI web site at www.ti.com. V+ INA2128 www.ti.com SBOS035A ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. INA2128U PARAMETER CONDITIONS INPUT Offset Voltage, RTI Initial TA = +25°C vs Temperature TA = TMIN to TMAX vs Power Supply VS = ±2.25V to ±18V Long-Term Stability Impedance, Differential Common-Mode VO = 0V Common-Mode Voltage Range(1) Safe Input Voltage Common-Mode Rejection VCM = ±13V, ∆RS = 1kΩ G=1 G=10 G=100 G=1000 TYP MAX ±50 ±500/G ±0.5 ± 20/G ±1 ±100/G (V+) – 2 (V–) + 2 ±10 ±100/G ±0.2 ± 2/G ±0.2 ±20/G ±0.1 ±3/G 1010 || 2 1011 || 9 (V+) – 1.4 (V–) + 1.7 80 100 120 120 86 106 125 130 ±2 ±30 ±1 ±30 BIAS CURRENT vs Temperature Offset Current vs Temperature NOISE VOLTAGE, RTI f = 10Hz f = 100Hz f = 1kHz fB = 0.1Hz to 10Hz Noise Current f=10Hz f=1kHz fB = 0.1Hz to 10Hz ±40 MIN ✻ ✻ 73 93 110 110 ±5 ±5 G=1 G=10 G=100 G=1000 G=1 VO = ±13.6V, G=1 G=10 G=100 G=1000 OUTPUT Voltage: Positive Negative Load Capacitance Stability Short-Circuit Current RL = 10kΩ RL = 10kΩ (V+) – 1.4 (V–) + 1.4 MAX ±25 ±100/G ±125 ±1000/G ±0.2 ± 5/G ±1 ± 20/G ✻ ±2 ±200/G ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ UNITS µV µV/°C µV/V µV/mo Ω || pF Ω || pF V V V dB dB dB dB ±10 ±10 nA pA/°C nA pA/°C 10 8 8 0.2 ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ nV/√Hz nV/√Hz nV/√Hz µVPP 0.9 0.3 30 ✻ ✻ ✻ pA/√Hz pA/√Hz pAPP ✻ 1 + (50kΩ/RG) 1 TYP ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ G = 1000, RS = 0Ω GAIN Gain Equation Range of Gain Gain Error Gain vs Temperature(2) 50kΩ Resistance(2, 3) Nonlinearity INA2128UA MIN ±0.01 ±0.02 ±0.05 ±0.5 ±1 ±25 ±0.0001 ±0.0003 ±0.0005 ±0.001 10000 ±0.024 ±0.4 ±0.5 ±1 ±10 ±100 ±0.001 ±0.002 ±0.002 (Note 4) ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ (V+) – 0.9 (V–) + 0.8 1000 +6/–15 ✻ ±0.1 ±0.5 ±0.7 ±2 ✻ ✻ ±0.002 ±0.004 ±0.004 ✻ V/V V/V % % % % ppm/°C ppm/°C % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR % of FSR ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ V V pF mA ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ MHz kHz kHz kHz V/µs µs µs µs µs µs FREQUENCY RESPONSE Bandwidth, –3dB Overload Recovery G=1 G=10 G=100 G=1000 VO = ±10V, G=10 G=1 G=10 G=100 G=1000 50% Overdrive POWER SUPPLY Voltage Range Current, Total VIN = 0V Slew Rate Settling Time, 0.01% TEMPERATURE RANGE Specification Operating θJA 1.3 700 200 20 4 7 7 9 80 4 ±2.25 ±15 ±1.4 –40 –40 ±18 ±1.5 ✻ 85 125 ✻ ✻ 80 ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ ✻ V mA ✻ ✻ °C °C °C/W ✻ Specification same as INA2128P, U. NOTE: (1) (2) (3) (4) Input common-mode range varies with output voltage—see Electrical Characteristics. Ensured by wafer test. Temperature coefficient of the 50kΩ term in the gain equation. Nonlinearity measurements in G = 1000 are dominated by noise. Typical nonlinearity is ±0.001%. INA2128 SBOS035A www.ti.com 3 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, unless otherwise noted. COMMON-MODE REJECTION vs FREQUENCY GAIN vs FREQUENCY 140 60 G = 1000V/V G = 100V/V G = 1000V/V Common-Mode Rejection (dB) 50 40 Gain (dB) G = 100V/V 30 20 G = 10V/V 10 0 G = 1V/V –10 1k 10k 100k 1M G = 1V/V 80 60 40 20 10 10M 100 100k 10k Frequency (Hz) POSITIVE POWER SUPPLY REJECTION vs FREQUENCY NEGATIVE POWER SUPPLY REJECTION vs FREQUENCY 1M 140 G = 1000V/V Power Supply Rejection (dB) 120 120 G = 1000V/V 100 G = 100V/V 80 60 G = 10V/V 40 G = 1V/V G = 100V/V 100 80 60 40 G = 10V/V 20 20 0 0 G = 1V/V 10 15 100 1k 10k 100k 100 100k INPUT COMMON-MODE RANGE vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VS = ±15V INPUT COMMON-MODE RANGE vs OUTPUT VOLTAGE, VS = ±5, ±2.5V G=1 VD/2 0 VD/2 + VCM +15V – VO + – Ref + –15V –10 –5 0 5 10 3 2 G=1 G=1 G ≥ 10 1 0 G=1 –1 –2 –3 –5 –5 15 G ≥ 10 G ≥ 10 4 Common-Mode Voltage (V) G=1 1M 5 G ≥ 10 5 –10 10k Frequency (Hz) 10 –15 –15 1k Frequency (Hz) G ≥ 10 –5 10 1M VS = ±5V VS = ±2.5V –4 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) 4 1k Frequency (Hz) 140 Power Supply Rejection (dB) G = 10V/V 100 0 –20 Common-Mode Voltage (V) 120 INA2128 www.ti.com SBOS035A TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, unless otherwise noted. CROSSTALK vs FREQUENCY 120 G = 10V/V Crosstalk (dB) 100 G = 1V/V G = 1000V/V 80 G = 100V/V 60 40 20 0 G = 1V/V 100 10 G = 10V/V 10 1 G = 100, 1000V/V Current Noise 1 10 100 1k 100k 10k 1M 0.1 1 10 1k 10k Frequency (Hz) SETTLING TIME vs GAIN QUIESCENT CURRENT and SLEW RATE vs TEMPERATURE Quiescent Current (µA) 0.01% 0.1% 10 1.7 6 1.6 5 1.5 4 Slew Rate 1.4 3 IQ 1.3 2 1.2 1 1 10 100 –75 1000 –50 –25 Gain (V/V) 4 8 Flat region represents normal linear operation. Offset Voltage Change (µV) 10 2 G = 1000V/V 1 G = 1V/V 0 –1 +15V G = 1V/V 1/2 INA2128 –2 –3 VIN G = 1000V/V –4 25 50 75 100 IIN 6 4 2 0 –2 –4 –6 –8 –15V –5 –10 –50 –40 –30 –20 –10 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 Input Voltage (V) 10 20 30 40 50 Time (ms) INA2128 SBOS035A 1 125 OFFSET VOLTAGE WARM-UP 5 3 0 Temperature (°C) INPUT OVER-VOLTAGE V/I CHARACTERISTICS Input Current (mA) 100 Frequency (Hz) 100 Settling Time (µs) 100 Input Bias Current Noise (pA/√ Hz) G = 100V/V 1k Slew Rate (V/µs) G = 1000V/V INPUT- REFERRED NOISE vs FREQUENCY Input-Referred Voltage Noise (nV/√ Hz) 140 www.ti.com 5 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, unless otherwise noted. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING vs OUTPUT CURRENT INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE (V+) 2 IB 1 Output Voltage (V) Input Bias Current (nA) (V+)–0.4 IOS 0 Typical IB and IOS Range ±2nA at 25°C –1 (V+)–0.8 (V+)–1.2 (V–)+1.2 (V–)+0.8 (V–)+0.4 –2 V– –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 0 125 14 +25°C +85°C (V+)–0.8 –40°C RL = 10kΩ (V–)+1.2 +25°C –40°C +85°C –40°C +85°C 12 10 8 6 4 +ISC 0 0 5 10 15 20 –75 –25 0 25 50 75 100 Temperature (°C) MAXIMUM OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs FREQUENCY TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE vs FREQUENCY 125 1 G = 10, 100 25 –50 Power Supply Voltage (V) 30 VO = 1Vrms 500kHz Measurement Bandwidth G=1 G=1 RL = 10kΩ G = 1000 20 THD+N (%) Peak-to-Peak Output Voltage (Vpp) –ISC 2 V– 15 10 0.1 G = 100, RL = 100kΩ 0.01 G = 1, RL = 100kΩ 5 Dashed Portion is noise limited. 0 1k 10k 100k 1M Frequency (Hz) 6 4 SHORT-CIRCUIT OUTPUT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE (V+)–0.4 (V–)+0.4 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING vs POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE 16 (V–)+0.8 2 Temperature (°C) V+ (V+)–1.2 1 Output Current (mA) Short Circuit Current (mA) Output Voltage Swing (V) –75 0.001 100 1k 10k G = 10V/V RL = 100kΩ 100k Frequency (Hz) INA2128 www.ti.com SBOS035A TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±15V, unless otherwise noted. SMALL-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (G = 1, 10) SMALL-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (G = 100, 1000) G=1 G = 100 20mV/div 20mV/div G = 10 G = 1000 5µs/div 20µs/div LARGE-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (G = 1, 10) LARGE-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (G = 100, 1000) G=1 G = 100 5V/div 5V/div G = 10 G = 1000 5µs/div 5µs/div VOLTAGE NOISE 0.1Hz to 10Hz INPUT-REFERRED, G ≥ 100 0.1µV/div 1s/div INA2128 SBOS035A www.ti.com 7 APPLICATION INFORMATION Figure 1 shows the basic connections required for operation of the INA2128. Applications with noisy or high impedance power supplies may require decoupling capacitors close to the device pins as shown. The output is referred to the output reference (Ref) terminals (RefA and RefB) which are normally grounded. These must be low-impedance connections to assure good commonmode rejection. A resistance of 8Ω in series with a Ref pin will cause a typical device to degrade to approximately 80dB CMR (G = 1). The INA2128 has separate output sense feedback connections, SenseA and SenseB. These must be connected to their respective output terminals for proper operation. The output sense connection can be used to sense the output voltage directly at the load for best accuracy. SETTING THE GAIN Gain of the INA2128 is set by connecting a single external resistor, RG, connected as shown: G = 1+ 50kΩ RG (1) Commonly-used gains and resistor values are shown in Figure 1. The 50kΩ term in Equation 1 comes from the sum of the two internal feedback resistors, A1 and A2. These on-chip metal film resistors are laser-trimmed to accurate absolute values. The accuracy and temperature coefficient of these resistors are included in the gain accuracy and drift specifications of the INA2128. The stability and temperature drift of the external gain setting resistor, RG, also affects gain. RG’s contribution to gain accuracy and drift can be directly inferred from the gain equation (1). Low resistor values required for high gain can make wiring resistance important. Sockets add to the wiring resistance which will contribute additional gain error in gains of approximately 100 or greater. DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE The typical performance curve “Gain vs Frequency” shows that despite its low quiescent current, the INA2128 achieves wide bandwidth, even at high gain. This is due to its currentfeedback topology. Settling time also remains excellent at high gain—see “Settling Time vs Gain.” NOISE PERFORMANCE The INA2128 provides very low noise in most applications. Low frequency noise is approximately 0.2µVPP measured from 0.1 to 10Hz (G ≥ 100). This provides dramatically improved noise when compared to state-of-the-art chopperstabilized amplifiers. V+ 0.1µF Pin numbers for Channel B shown in parentheses. – VIN 1 (16) 9 INA2128 Over-Voltage Protection 40kΩ 3 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10000 RG (Ω) NC 50.00k 12.50k 5.556k 2.632k 1.02k 505.1 251.3 100.2 50.05 25.01 10.00 5.001 NC 49.9k 12.4k 5.62k 2.61k 1.02k 511 249 100 49.9 24.9 10 4.99 G=1+ + 4 25kΩ Load VO (13) + VIN 2 (15) 50kΩ RG 6 (11) A3 RG NEAREST 1% RG (Ω) 40kΩ 25kΩ (14) DESIRED GAIN 7 Sense + – (10) ) VO = G • (VIN – VIN A1 – Ref A2 Over-Voltage Protection 40kΩ 8 40kΩ 5 (12) 0.1µF V– Also drawn in simplified form: – VIN NC: No Connection. RG + VIN INA2128 Ref VO NOTE: If channel is unused, connect inputs to ground, sense to VO, and leave Ref open-circuit. FIGURE 1. Basic Connections. 8 INA2128 www.ti.com SBOS035A OFFSET TRIMMING The INA2128 is laser-trimmed for low offset voltage and offset voltage drift. Most applications require no external offset adjustment. Figure 2 shows an optional circuit for trimming the output offset voltage. The voltage applied to Ref terminal is summed with the output. The op amp buffer provides low impedance at the Ref terminal to preserve good common-mode rejection. Microphone, Hydrophone etc. 1/2 INA2128 47kΩ 47kΩ 1/2 INA2128 Thermocouple – VIN RG V+ 1/2 INA2128 10kΩ VO 100µA 1/2 REF200 Ref + VIN OPA177 10kΩ 100Ω (For other channel) 1/2 INA2128 ±10mV Adjustment Range 100Ω Center-tap provides bias current return. 100µA 1/2 REF200 FIGURE 3. Providing an Input Common-Mode Current Path. V– FIGURE 2. Optional Trimming of Output Offset Voltage. INPUT BIAS CURRENT RETURN PATH The input impedance of the INA2128 is extremely high— approximately 1010Ω. However, a path must be provided for the input bias current of both inputs. This input bias current is approximately ±2nA. High input impedance means that this input bias current changes very little with varying input voltage. Input circuitry must provide a path for this input bias current for proper operation. Figure 3 shows various provisions for an input bias current path. Without a bias current path, the inputs will float to a potential which exceeds the commonmode range of the INA2128 and the input amplifiers will saturate. If the differential source resistance is low, the bias current return path can be connected to one input (see the thermocouple example in Figure 3). With higher source impedance, using two equal resistors provides a balanced input with possible advantages of lower input offset voltage due to bias current and better high-frequency common-mode rejection. INPUT COMMON-MODE RANGE The linear input voltage range of the input circuitry of the INA2128 is from approximately 1.4V below the positive supply voltage to 1.7V above the negative supply. As a differential input voltage causes the output voltage increase, however, the linear input range will be limited by the output voltage swing of amplifiers A1 and A2. So the linear common-mode input range is related to the output voltage of the complete amplifier. This behavior also depends on supply voltage—see performance curves “Input Common-Mode Range vs Output Voltage.” Input-overload can produce an output voltage that appears normal. For example, if an input overload condition drives both input amplifiers to their positive output swing limit, the difference voltage measured by the output amplifier will be near zero. The output of the INA2128 will be near 0V even though both inputs are overloaded. LOW VOLTAGE OPERATION The INA2128 can be operated on power supplies as low as ±2.25V. Performance remains excellent with power supplies ranging from ±2.25V to ±18V. Most parameters vary only slightly throughout this supply voltage range—see typical performance curves. Operation at very low supply voltage requires careful attention to assure that the input voltages remain within their linear range. Voltage swing requirements of internal nodes limit the input commonmode range with low power supply voltage. Typical performance curves, “Input Common-Mode Range vs Output Voltage,” show the range of linear operation for ±15V, ±5V, and ±2.5V supplies. INA2128 SBOS035A www.ti.com 9 INPUT PROTECTION The inputs of the INA2128 are individually protected for voltages up to ±40V. For example, a condition of –40V on one input and +40V on the other input will not cause damage. Internal circuitry on each input provides low series impedance under normal signal conditions. To provide equivalent protection, series input resistors would contribute excessive noise. If the input is overloaded, the protection circuitry limits the input current to a safe value of approximately 1.5mA to 5mA. The typical performance curve “Input Bias Current vs Common-Mode Input Voltage” shows this input current limit behavior. The inputs are protected even if the power supplies are disconnected or turned off. VEX CHANNEL CROSSTALK The two channels of the INA2128 are completely independent, including all bias circuitry. At DC and low frequency there is virtually no signal coupling between channels. Crosstalk increases with frequency and is dependent on circuit gain, source impedance and signal characteristics. As source impedance increases, careful circuit layout will help achieve lowest channel crosstalk. Most crossstalk is produced by capacitive coupling of signals from one channel to the input section of the other channel. To minimize coupling, separate the input traces as far as practical from any signals associated with the opposite channel. A grounded guard trace surrounding the inputs helps reduce stray coupling between channels. Run the differential inputs of each channel parallel to each other or directly adjacent on top and bottom side of a circuit board. Stray coupling then tends to produce a common-mode signal which is rejected by the IA’s input. X-axis X-axis VO 1/2 INA2128 V1 VO = GA (V2 – V1) + GB (V4 – V3) 1/2 INA2128 RGA VEX Ref V2 V3 Y-axis Y-axis VO 1/2 INA2128 1/2 INA2128 RGB Ref V4 FIGURE 5. Sum of Differences Amplifier. FIGURE 4. Two-Axis Bridge Amplifier. RG = 5.6kΩ 2.8kΩ LA RA RG/2 1/2 INA2128 VO Ref 2.8kΩ 390kΩ 1/2 OPA2604 RL VG 1/2 OPA2604 10kΩ 390kΩ G = 10 VG NOTE: Due to the INA2128’s current-feedback topology, VG is approximately 0.7V less than the common-mode input voltage. This DC offset in this guard potential is satisfactory for many guarding applications. FIGURE 6. ECG Amplifier With Right-Leg Drive. 10 INA2128 www.ti.com SBOS035A PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 14-Oct-2022 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead finish/ Ball material MSL Peak Temp Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (3) Samples (4/5) (6) INA2128U ACTIVE SOIC DW 16 40 RoHS & Green NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR INA2128U/1K ACTIVE SOIC DW 16 1000 RoHS & Green Call TI INA2128UA ACTIVE SOIC DW 16 40 RoHS & Green INA2128UA/1K ACTIVE SOIC DW 16 1000 INA2128UG4 ACTIVE SOIC DW 16 40 -40 to 85 INA2128U Samples Level-3-260C-168 HR INA2128U Samples NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR INA2128U A Samples RoHS & Green Call TI Level-3-260C-168 HR INA2128U A Samples RoHS & Green NIPDAU Level-3-260C-168 HR INA2128U Samples -40 to 85 (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may reference these types of products as "Pb-Free". RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption. Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of