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LM2936Q
SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
LM2936Q Ultralow Quiescent Current LDO Voltage Regulator
1 Features
3 Description
•
•
The LM2936Q ultralow quiescent-current regulator
features low dropout voltage and low current in the
standby mode. With less than 15-μA quiescent
current at a 100-μA load, the LM2936Q is ideally
suited for automotive and other battery-operated
systems. The LM2936Q retains all of the features that
are common to low-dropout regulators including a low
dropout PNP pass device, short-circuit protection,
reverse battery protection, and thermal shutdown.
The LM2936Q has a 40-V maximum operating
voltage limit, a −40°C to +125°C operating
temperature range, and ±3% output voltage tolerance
over the entire output current, input voltage, and
temperature range. The LM2936Q is available in
8-pin SOIC and VSSOP packages, a 4-pin SOT–223
package, as well as a 3-pin TO-252 surface mount
package.
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Qualified for Automotive Applications
AEC Q100-Qualified With the Following Results
– Device Temperature Grade 1: –40°C to
+125°C Ambient Operating Temperature
Range
Operating Input Voltage: 5.5 V to 40 V
Ultralow Quiescent Current (IQ ≤ 15 μA for
IOUT = 100 μA)
Fixed 3-V, 3.3-V or 5-V With 50-mA Output
±2% Initial Output Tolerance
±3% Output Tolerance Over Line, Load, and
Temperature
Dropout Voltage Typically 200 mV at IOUT = 50 mA
Reverse Battery Protection
–50-V Input Transient Protection
Internal Short Circuit Current Limit
Internal Thermal Shutdown Protection
40-V Operating Voltage Limit
Shutdown Pin Available with LM2936QBM
Package
Device Information(1)
PART NUMBER
LM2936Q
PACKAGE
BODY SIZE (NOM)
SOIC (8)
4.90 mm × 3.91 mm
TO-252 (3)
6.10 mm × 6.58 mm
VSSOP (8)
3.00 mm × 3.00 mm
SOT-223 (4)
6.50 mm × 3.50 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
2 Applications
Automotive
Simplified Schematic
IN
VIN
OUT
VOUT
GND
CIN
100 nF *
COUT
10 µF **
Copyright © 2016, Texas Instruments Incorporated
* Required if regulator is located more than 2 inches from power supply filter capacitor.
** Required for stability. See Electrical Characteristics for 3-V LM2936Q for required values. Must be rated over
intended operating temperature range. Effective equivalent series resistance (ESR) is critical, see Typical
Characteristics. Locate capacitor as close to the regulator output and ground pins as possible. Capacitance may be
increased without bound.
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
LM2936Q
SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
1
1
1
2
3
4
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
4
4
4
4
5
6
7
8
Absolute Maximum Ratings ......................................
ESD Ratings..............................................................
Recommended Operating Conditions.......................
Thermal Information ..................................................
Electrical Characteristics for 3-V LM2936Q ..............
Electrical Characteristics for 3.3-V LM2936Q ...........
Electrical Characteristics for 5-V LM2936Q ..............
Typical Characteristics ..............................................
Detailed Description ............................................ 12
7.1 Overview ................................................................. 12
7.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 12
7.3 Feature Description................................................. 12
7.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 13
8
Application and Implementation ........................ 14
8.1 Application Information............................................ 14
8.2 Typical Application ................................................. 14
9 Power Supply Recommendations...................... 16
10 Layout................................................................... 17
10.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 17
10.2 Layout Examples................................................... 17
11 Device and Documentation Support ................. 18
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
Documentation Support ........................................
Community Resources..........................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
18
18
18
18
18
12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 18
4 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
Changes from Revision C (March 2013) to Revision D
Page
•
Added Pin Configuration and Functions section, ESD Rating table, Thermal Information table with updated values,
Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply
Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical,
Packaging, and Orderable Information section ..................................................................................................................... 1
•
Changed θJA for SOIC from 140°C/W to 111.4°C/W; for TO-252 from 136°C/W to 50.5°C/W; for VSSOP from
200°C/W to 173.4°C/W; and for SOT-223 from149°C/W to 62.8°C/W .................................................................................. 4
•
Changed θJC for SOIC from 45°C/W to 56.3°C/W (top); TO-252 from 6°C/W to 52.6°C/W (top) and 1.6°C/W
(bottom); SOT-223 from 36°C/W to 44.2°C/W (top) .............................................................................................................. 4
Changes from Revision B (May 2012) to Revision C
•
2
Page
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ............................................................................................................. 1
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SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
5 Pin Configuration and Functions
NDP Package
3-Pin TO-252
Top View
OUT 3
IN 1
4 GND
(TAB)
GND 2
OUT 3
D Package (LM2936QHBM)
8-Pin SOIC
Top View
GND 3
NC 4
4 GND
(TAB)
D Package (LM2936QM)
8-Pin SOIC
Top View
8 IN
OUT 1
7 GND
GND 2
6 GND
GND 3
8 IN
LM2936M
GND 2
LM2936BM
OUT 1
LM2936MP
LM2936DT
IN 1
DCY Package
4-Pin SOT-223
Top View
NC 4
5 SD
7 GND
6 GND
5 NC
DGK Package
8-Pin VSSOP
Top View
8 IN
LM2936MM
OUT 1
NC 2
NC 3
NC 4
7 GND
6 NC
5 NC
Pin Functions
PIN
NAME
IN
D
(LM2936QHBM
A)
D
(LM2936QM)
NDP
DGK
DCY
I/O
DESCRIPTION
8
8
1
8
1
I
GND
2, 3, 6, 7
2, 3, 6, 7
4
7
2, 4
—
Ground.
OUT
1
1
3
1
3
O
Regulated output voltage. Requires a minimum output
capacitance, with specific ESR, on this pin to maintain
stability.
Shutdown (LM2936QHBMA only). Pull this pin HIGH (>
2 V) to turn the output OFF. If this pin is left open, pull
ed low (< 0.6 V), or connected to GND, the output will
be ON by default. Avoid having any voltage from 0.6 V
to 2 V on this pin as the output status may not be
predicable across the operating range.
SD
5
—
—
—
—
I
NC
4
4, 5
—
2, 3, 4, 5, 6
—
—
Unregulated input voltage.
No internal connection, Connect to GND, or leave
open.
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SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
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6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) (2)
MIN
MAX
UNIT
−50
60
V
Input voltage (survival)
Power dissipation
(3)
Internally limited
Junction temperature, TJMAX
150
−65
Storage temperature, Tstg
(1)
(2)
(3)
°C
150
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, contact the TI Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX), RθJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient
temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) − TA) / RθJA. If this dissipation is exceeded, the die temperature can rise above the TJ(MAX) of 150°C, and
the LM2936Q may go into thermal shutdown.
6.2 ESD Ratings
V(ESD)
(1)
Electrostatic discharge
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 (1)
VALUE
UNIT
±2000
V
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. .
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
MIN
MAX
UNIT
−40
125
°C
Input voltage, VIN (LM2936Q)
5.5
40
V
Input voltage, VIN (LM2936QH only)
5.5
60
V
0
40
V
Temperature, TJ
Shutdown pin voltage, VSD (LM2936QHBMA only)
6.4 Thermal Information
LM2936Q
THERMAL METRIC
(1)
SOIC
(D)
TO-252
(NDP)
VSSOP
(DGK)
SOT-223
(DCY)
UNIT
8 PINS
3 PINS
8 PINS
4 PINS
RθJA (2)
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, High-K
111.4
50.5
173.4
62.8
°C/W
RθJC(top)
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
56.3
52.6
65.9
44.2
°C/W
RθJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
51.9
29.7
94.9
11.7
°C/W
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
10.9
4.8
9.6
3.6
°C/W
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
51.4
29.3
93.3
11.6
°C/W
RθJC(bot)
Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
n/a
1.6
n/a
n/a
°C/W
(1)
(2)
4
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report, SPRA953.
Thermal resistance value RθJA is based on the EIA/JEDEC High-K printed circuit board defined by: JESD51-7 - High Effective Thermal
Conductivity Test Board for Leaded Surface Mount Packages.
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SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
6.5 Electrical Characteristics for 3-V LM2936Q
VIN = 14 V, IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
MIN (1)
TYP (2)
MAX (1)
2.94
3
3.06
2.91
3.000
3.09
IOUT = 100 μA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
15
20
μA
IOUT = 10 mA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
0.2
0.5
mA
IOUT = 50 mA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
1.5
2.5
mA
5
10
6 V ≤ VIN ≤ 40 V, IOUT = 1 mA
10
30
100 μA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5 mA
10
30
5 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA
10
30
0.05
0.1
0.20
0.40
V
120
250
mA
PARAMETER
Output voltage
Quiescent current
Line regulation
Load regulation
Dropout voltage
TEST CONDITIONS
4 V ≤ VIN ≤ 26 V, 100 µA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA (2)
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 16 V
IOUT = 100 μA
IOUT = 50 mA
65
UNIT
V
mV
mV
V
Short-circuit current
VOUT = 0 V
Output impedance
IOUT = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, ƒ = 1000 Hz
450
Output noise voltage
10 Hz–100 kHz
500
μV
20
mV/1000 Hr
Long-term stability
mΩ
Ripple rejection
Vripple = 1 Vrms, ƒripple = 120 Hz
−40
−60
dB
Reverse polarity transient input
voltage
RL = 500 Ω, t = 1 ms
−50
−80
V
Output voltage with reverse
polarity input
VIN = −15 V, RL = 500 Ω
Maximum line transient
RL = 500 Ω, VOUT ≤ 3.3 V, T = 40 ms
60
Output bypass capacitance
(COUT) ESR
COUT = 22 µF, 0.1 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA
0.3
(1)
(2)
0
−0.3
V
V
8
Ω
Datasheet minimum and max specification limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis.
Typical limits are at 25°C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm.
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SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
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6.6 Electrical Characteristics for 3.3-V LM2936Q
VIN = 14 V, IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
MIN (1)
TYP (2)
MAX (1)
3.234
3.300
3.366
3.201
3.300
3.399
IOUT = 100 μA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
15
20
μA
IOUT = 10 mA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
0.2
0.5
mA
IOUT = 50 mA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
1.5
2.5
mA
5
10
6 V ≤ VIN ≤ 40 V, IOUT = 1 mA
10
30
100 μA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5 mA
10
30
5 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA
10
30
0.05
0.10
PARAMETER
Output voltage
Quiescent current
Line regulation
Load regulation
Dropout voltage
TEST CONDITIONS
4 V ≤ VIN ≤ 26 V, 100 µA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA (3)
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 16 V
IOUT = 100 μA
IOUT = 50 mA
65
UNIT
V
mV
mV
V
0.2
0.4
V
120
250
mA
Short-circuit current
VOUT = 0 V
Output impedance
IOUT = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, ƒ = 1000 Hz
450
Output noise voltage
10 Hz–100 kHz
500
μV
20
mV/1000 Hr
Long-term stability
mΩ
Ripple rejection
Vripple = 1 Vrms, ƒripple = 120 Hz
−40
−60
dB
Reverse polarity transient input
voltage
RL = 500 Ω, T = 1 ms
−50
−80
V
Output voltage with reverse polarity
VIN = −15 V, RL = 500 Ω
input
0
Maximum line transient
RL = 500 Ω, VOUT ≤ 3.63 V, T = 40 ms
60
Output bypass capacitance
(COUT) ESR
COUT = 22 µF, 0.1 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA
0.3
(1)
(2)
(3)
6
−0.3
V
V
8
Ω
Datasheet minimum and maximum specification limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis.
Typical limits are at 25°C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm.
To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used.
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6.7 Electrical Characteristics for 5-V LM2936Q
VIN = 14 V, IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN (1)
TYP (2)
MAX (1)
4.85
5
5.15
15
35
4.9
5
5.1
4.85
5
5.15
UNIT
5-V LM2936QHBMA ONLY
Output voltage
5.5 V ≤ VIN ≤ 48 V, 100 µA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA (3)
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
Line regulation
6 V ≤ VIN ≤ 60 V, IOUT = 1 mA
V
mV
ALL 5-V LM2936Q
Output voltage
Quiescent current
Line regulation
Load regulation
Dropout voltage
5.5 V ≤ VIN ≤ 26 V, 100 µA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA (3)
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
V
IOUT = 100 μA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
9
15
μA
IOUT = 10 mA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
0.2
0.5
mA
IOUT = 50 mA, 8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 24 V
1.5
2.5
mA
9 V ≤ VIN ≤ 16 V
5
10
6 V ≤ VIN ≤ 40 V, IOUT = 1 mA
10
30
100 μA ≤ IOUT ≤ 5 mA
10
30
5 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA
10
30
IOUT = 100 μA
0.05
0.1
V
IOUT = 50 mA
0.2
0.4
V
120
250
65
mV
mV
Short-circuit current
VOUT = 0 V
Output impedance
IOUT = 30 mAdc and 10 mArms, ƒ = 1000 Hz
450
Output noise voltage
10 Hz–100 kHz
500
μV
20
mV/1000 Hr
Long-term stability
mA
mΩ
Ripple rejection
Vripple = 1 Vrms, ƒripple = 120 Hz
−40
−60
dB
Reverse polarity transient input voltage
RL = 500 Ω, T = 1 ms
−50
−80
V
Output voltage with reverse polarity
input
VIN = −15 V, RL = 500 Ω
Maximum line transient
RL = 500 Ω, VOUT ≤ 5.5 V, T = 40 ms
60
Output bypass capacitance (COUT)
ESR
COUT = 10 µF, 0.1 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 50 mA
0.3
0
−0.3
V
V
8
Ω
0.01
V
SHUTDOWN INPUT: 5-V LM2936QHBMA ONLY
Output voltage, VOUT
Output off, VSD = 2.4 V, RLOAD = 500 Ω
Shutdown high threshold voltage, VIH
Output off, RLOAD = 500 Ω
Shutdown low
threshold voltage, VIL
Output on, RLOAD = 500 Ω
Shutdown high
current, IIH
Output off, VSD = 2.4 V, RLOAD = 500 Ω
Quiescent current
Output off, VSD = 2.4 V, RLOAD = 500Ω,
includes IIH current
(1)
(2)
(3)
0
2
1.1
1.1
V
0.6
V
12
μA
30
μA
Datasheet minimum and maximum specification limits are ensured by design, test, or statistical analysis.
Typical limits are at 25°C (unless otherwise specified) and represent the most likely parametric norm.
To ensure constant junction temperature, pulse testing is used.
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6.8 Typical Characteristics
8
Figure 1. Dropout Voltage
Figure 2. Dropout Voltage
Figure 3. Quiescent Current
Figure 4. Quiescent Current
Figure 5. Quiescent Current
Figure 6. Quiescent Current
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
Figure 8. 3-V LM2936Q COUT ESR
Figure 7. Quiescent Current
50
Figure 9. 3.3-V LM2936Q COUT ESR
Figure 10. 5-V LM2936Q COUT ESR
Figure 11. Peak Output Current
Figure 12. Peak Output Current
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
10
Figure 13. 5-V LM2936Q Current Limit
Figure 14. 5-V LM2936Q Line Transient Response
Figure 15. 5-V LM2936Q Output at Voltage Extremes
Figure 16. 5-V LM2936Q Ripple Rejection
Figure 17. 5-V LM2936Q Load Transient Response
Figure 18. 5-V LM2936Q Low Voltage Behavior
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
Figure 19. 5-V LM2936Q Output Impedance
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7 Detailed Description
7.1 Overview
The LM2936Q ultralow quiescent current regulator is ideally suited for automotive and other battery operated
systems, with less than 15 μA quiescent current at a 100-μA load. The device features low dropout voltage and
low current in the standby mode and retains all of the features that are common to low dropout regulators
including a low dropout PNP pass device, short circuit protection, reverse battery input protection, and thermal
shutdown. The LM2936Q has a 40-V maximum operating voltage limit and ±3% output voltage tolerance over the
entire output current, input voltage, and temperature range.
7.2 Functional Block Diagram
IN
OUT
Current
Limit
Thermal
Shutdown
PNP
+
Bandgap
Reference
LM2936
GND
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7.3 Feature Description
7.3.1 High Input Operating Voltage
Unlike many other PNP low dropout regulators, the LM2936Q remains fully operational with VIN = 40 V, and the
LM2936QHBM remains fully operational with VIN = 60 V. Owing to power dissipation characteristics of the
available packages, full output current cannot be ensured for all combinations of ambient temperature and input
voltage.
While the LM2936QHBM maintains regulation to 60 V, it does not withstand a short circuit to ground on the
output when VIN is above 40 V because of safe operating area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. Above
60 V the LM2936Q breaks down with catastrophic effects on the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not
use this device in a design where the input operating voltage may exceed 40 V, or where transients are likely to
exceed 60 V.
7.3.2 Thermal Shutdown (TSD)
The TSD circuitry of the LM2936Q has been designed to protect the device against temporary thermal overload
conditions. The TSD circuitry is not intended to replace proper heat-sinking. Continuously running the LM2936Q
device at TSD may degrade device reliability as the junction temperature will be exceeding the absolute maximum
junction temperature rating. If the LM2936Q goes into TSD mode, the output current shuts off until the junction
temperature falls approximately 10°C — the output current is then automatically restored. The LM2936Q
continuously cycles in and out of TSD until the condition is corrected. The LM2936Q TSD junction temperature is
typically 160°C.
12
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Feature Description (continued)
7.3.3 Short-Circuit Current Limit
The output current limiting circuitry of the LM2936Q has been designed to limit the output current in cases where
the load impedance is unusually low. This includes situations where the output may be shorted directly to ground.
Continuous operation of the LM2936Q at the current limit typically results in the LM2936Q transitioning into TSD
mode.
7.3.4 Shutdown (SD) Pin
The 5-V LM2936QHBMA has a pin for shutting down the regulator output. Applying a logic level high (> 2 V) to
the SD pin causes the output to turn off. Leaving the SD pin open, connecting it to ground, or applying a logic
level low (< 0.6 V) allows the regulator output to turn on.
7.4 Device Functional Modes
The LM2936Q design does not include any undervoltage lockout (UVLO), or overvoltage shutdown (OVSD)
functions. Generally, the output voltage tracks the input voltage until the input voltage is greater than VOUT + 1 V.
When the input voltage is greater than VOUT + 1 V the LM2936Q is in linear operation, and the output voltage is
regulated; however, the device is sensitive to any small perturbation of the input voltage. Device dynamic
performance is improved when the input voltage is at least 2 V greater than the output voltage.
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8 Application and Implementation
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
8.1 Application Information
The LM2936Q ultralow quiescent current regulator features low dropout voltage and low current in the standby
mode. The LM2936Q has a 40-V maximum operating voltage limit, a −40°C to +125°C operating temperature
range, –24-V input transient protection, and ±3% output voltage tolerance over the entire output current, input
voltage, and temperature range The WEBENCH® software may be used to generate complete designs. When
generating a design, WEBENCH utilizes iterative design procedure and accesses comprehensive databases of
components. See www.ti.com for more details.
8.2 Typical Application
Figure 20 shows the typical application circuit for the LM2936Q. For the LM2936Q 5-V option, the output
capacitor, COUT, must have a capacitance value of at least 10 µF with an equivalent series resistance (ESR) of at
least 0.3 Ω, but no more than 8 Ω. For the LM2936Q 3-V and 3.3-V options, the output capacitor, COUT, must
have a capacitance value of at least 22 µF with an ESR of at least 0.3 Ω, but no more than 8 Ω. The minimum
capacitance value and the ESR requirements apply across the entire expected operating ambient temperature
range.
IN
VIN
OUT
VOUT
GND
CIN
100 nF *
COUT
10 µF **
Copyright © 2016, Texas Instruments Incorporated
* CIN is required only if the regulator is located more than 3 inches from the power-supply-filter capacitors.
** Required for stability. COUT must be at least 10 µF for the LM2936Q 5-V option, and at least 22 µF for the 3-V and
3.3-V options. Capacitance must be maintained over entire expected operating temperature range, and located as
close as possible to the regulator. The ESR, of the COUT capacitor must at least 0.3 Ω, but no more than 8 Ω.
Figure 20. LM2936Q Typical Application
8.2.1 Design Requirements
Table 1. Design Parameters
14
DESIGN PARAMETER
EXAMPLE VALUE
Input voltage
5.5 V to 40 V
Output voltage
5V
Output current requirement
1 mA to 50 mA
Input capacitor
0.1 µF
Output capacitance
10 µF minimum
Output capacitor ESR value
0.3 Ω to 8 Ω
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8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
8.2.2.1 External Capacitors
The output capacitor is critical to maintaining regulator stability, and must meet the required conditions for both
ESR and minimum amount of capacitance.
8.2.2.1.1 Minimum Capacitance
The minimum output capacitance required to maintain stability is at least 10 µF for the LM2936Q 5-V option, and
at least 22 µF for the 3-V and 3.3-V options. This value may be increased without limit. Larger values of output
capacitance will give improved transient response.
8.2.2.1.2 ESR Limits
The ESR of the output capacitor causes loop instability if it is too high, or too low. The ESR of the COUT capacitor
must at least 0.3 Ω, but no more than 8 Ω.
8.2.2.2 Output Capacitor ESR
It is essential that the output capacitor meet the capacitance and ESR requirements, or oscillations can result.
The ESR is used with the output capacitance in order to produce a zero in the control loop frequency response.
This zero increases phase margin and ensures stability of the output voltage. Refer to ESR, Stability, and the
LDO Regulator (SLVA115) for details.
Ceramic capacitors (MLCC) can be used for COUT only if a series resistor is added to simulate the ESR
requirement. The ESR is not optional — it is mandatory. Typically, a 500-mΩ to 1-Ω series resistor is used for
this purpose. When using MLCCs, due diligence must be given to initial tolerances, capacitance derating due to
applied DC voltage, and capacitance variations due to temperature. Dielectric types X5R and X7R are preferred.
8.2.2.3 Power Dissipation
Knowing the device power dissipation and proper sizing of the thermal plane connected to the tab or pad is
critical to ensuring reliable operation. Device power dissipation depends on input voltage, output voltage, and
load conditions and can be calculated with Equation 1.
PD(MAX) = (VIN(MAX) – VOUT) × IOUT
(1)
Power dissipation can be minimized, and greater efficiency can be achieved, by using the lowest available
voltage drop option that would still be greater than the dropout voltage (VDO). However, keep in mind that higher
voltage drops result in better dynamic (that is, PSRR and transient) performance.
On the 8-pin SOIC (D) package, the four ground pins are thermally connected to the backside of the die. Adding
approximately 0.04 square inches of 2 oz. copper pad area to these four pins improves the JEDEC RθJA rating
from 111.4°C/W to approximately 100°C/W. If this extra copper area is placed directly beneath the SOIC
package there should not be any impact on board density.
Power dissipation and junction temperature are most often related by the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
(RθJA) of the combined PCB and device package and the temperature of the ambient air (TA), according to
Equation 2 or Equation 2:
TJ(MAX) = TA(MAX) + ( RθJA × PD(MAX))
PD = TJ(MAX) – TA(MAX) / RθJA
(2)
(3)
Unfortunately, this RθJA is highly dependent on the heat-spreading capability of the particular PCB design, and
therefore varies according to the total copper area, copper weight, and location of the planes. The RθJA recorded
in Thermal Information is determined by the specific EIA/JEDEC JESD51-7 standard for PCB and copperspreading area, and is to be used only as a relative measure of package thermal performance. For a welldesigned thermal layout, RθJA is actually the sum of the package junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
(RθJCbot) plus the thermal resistance contribution by the PCB copper area acting as a heat sink.
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8.2.2.4 Estimating Junction Temperature
The EIA/JEDEC standard recommends the use of psi (Ψ) thermal characteristics to estimate the junction
temperatures of surface mount devices on a typical PCB board application. These characteristics are not true
thermal resistance values, but rather package specific thermal characteristics that offer practical and relative
means of estimating junction temperatures. These psi metrics are determined to be significantly independent of
copper-spreading area. The key thermal characteristics (ΨJT and ΨJB) are given in Thermal Information and are
used in accordance with Equation 4 or Equation 5.
TJ(MAX) = TTOP + (ΨJT × PD(MAX))
where
•
•
PD(MAX) is explained in Equation 3
TTOP is the temperature measured at the center-top of the device package.
TJ(MAX) = TBOARD + (ΨJB × PD(MAX))
(4)
where
•
•
PD(MAX) is explained in Equation 3.
TBOARD is the PCB surface temperature measured 1-mm from the device package and centered on the
package edge.
(5)
For more information about the thermal characteristics ΨJT and ΨJB, see Semiconductor and IC Package
Thermal Metrics (SPRA953); for more information about measuring TTOP and TBOARD, see Using New Thermal
Metrics (SBVA025); and for more information about the EIA/JEDEC JESD51 PCB used for validating RθJA, see
Thermal Characteristics of Linear and Logic Packages Using JEDEC PCB Designs (SZZA017). These
application notes are available at www.ti.com.
8.2.3 Application Curve
Figure 21. LM2936Q VOUT vs VIN
9 Power Supply Recommendations
This device is designed to operate from an input supply voltage from at least VOUT + 1 V up to a maximum of 40
V. The input supply should be well regulated and free of spurious noise. To ensure that the LM2936Q output
voltage is well regulated the input supply must be at least VOUT + 2 V. A capacitor at the IN pin may not be
specifically required if the bulk input supply filter capacitors are within three inches of the IN pin, but adding one
is not detrimental to operation.
While the LM2936Q maintains regulation to VIN = 60 V, it cannot withstand a short circuit on the output with VIN
above 40 V because of safe operating area limitations in the internal PNP pass device. With VIN above 60 V the
LM2936Q breaks down with catastrophic effects on the regulator and possibly the load as well. Do not use this
device in a design where the input operating voltage, including transients, is likely to exceed 60 V.
16
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10 Layout
10.1 Layout Guidelines
The dynamic performance of the LM2936Q is dependent on the layout of the PCB. PCB layout practices that are
adequate for typical LDOs may degrade the PSRR, noise, or transient performance of the LM2936Q. Best
performance is achieved by placing CIN and COUT on the same side of the PCB as the LM2936Q, and as close to
the packageas is practical. The ground connections for CIN and COUT must be back to the LM2936Q ground pin
using as wide and as short of a copper trace as possible.
Connections using long trace lengths, narrow trace widths, and/or connections through vias must be avoided as
these add parasitic inductances and resistances that give inferior performance, especially during transient
conditions.
10.2 Layout Examples
6
3
7
2
8
1
VIN
5
GND
CIN
4
VSD
COUT
GND
VOUT
Figure 22. LM2936QHBM SOIC (D) Layout
5
6
3
7
2
8
1
VIN
4
GND
GND
VOUT
Figure 23. LM2936QM SOIC (D) Layout
Thermal
Vias
4
GND
CIN
GND
1
3
COUT
VIN
VOUT
Figure 24. LM2936Q TO-252 (NDP) Layout
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SNVS684D – NOVEMBER 2010 – REVISED MARCH 2016
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11 Device and Documentation Support
11.1 Documentation Support
11.1.1 Related Documentation
For related documentation see the following:
• Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics (SPRA953)
• ESR, Stability, and the LDO Regulator (SLVA115)
• Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics (SPRA953)
• Using New Thermal Metrics (SBVA025)
• Thermal Characteristics of Linear and Logic Packages Using JEDEC PCB Designs (SZZA017)
11.2 Community Resources
The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective
contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of
Use.
TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration
among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help
solve problems with fellow engineers.
Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and
contact information for technical support.
11.3 Trademarks
E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
WEBENCH is a registered trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
11.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
11.5 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
18
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
10-Dec-2020
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
LM2936QDT-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
75
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LM2936Q
DT-3.0
LM2936QDT-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
75
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LM2936Q
DT-3.3
LM2936QDT-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
75
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LM2936Q
DT-5.0
LM2936QDTX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
2500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LM2936Q
DT-3.0
LM2936QDTX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
2500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LM2936Q
DT-3.3
LM2936QDTX-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
2500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LM2936Q
DT-5.0
LM2936QHBMA-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2936H
QBM5.0
LM2936QHBMAX5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2936H
QBM5.0
LM2936QM-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM293
6Q-3.3
LM2936QM-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM293
6QM-5
LM2936QMM-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KBCQ
LM2936QMM-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KBBQ
LM2936QMM-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KBAQ
LM2936QMMX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KBBQ
LM2936QMMX-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KBAQ
LM2936QMP-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KACQ
LM2936QMP-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KABQ
LM2936QMP-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KAAQ
Addendum-Page 1
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
Orderable Device
10-Dec-2020
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
LM2936QMPX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
2000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KACQ
LM2936QMPX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
2000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KABQ
LM2936QMPX-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
2000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
KAAQ
LM2936QMX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM293
6Q-3.3
LM2936QMX-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LM293
6QM-5
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of
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