LTC2360HTS8-TRMPBF

FEATURES n n n n n n n n n n n n LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 100ksps/250ksps/500ksps, 12-Bit Serial ADCs in TSOT-23 DESCRIPTION The LTC®2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 are 100ksps/250ksps/ 500ksps, 12-bit, sampling A/D converters that draw only 0.5mA, 0.75mA and 1.1mA, respectively, from a single 3V supply. The supply current drops at lower sampling rates because these devices automatically power down after conversions. The full-scale input of the LTC2360/ LTC2361/LTC2362 is 0V to VDD or VREF. These ADCs are available in tiny 6- and 8-lead TSOT-23 packages. The serial interface, tiny TSOT-23 package and extremely high sample rate-to-power ratio make the LTC2360/ LTC2361/LTC2362 ideal for compact, low power, high speed systems. The high impedance single-ended analog input and the ability to operate with reduced spans (down to 1.4V full scale) allow direct connection to sensors and transducers in many applications, eliminating the need for gain stages. L, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 12-Bit Resolution Low Noise: 73dB SNR Low Power Dissipation: 1.5mW @ 100ksps 100ksps/250ksps/500ksps Sampling Rates Single Supply 2.35V to 3.6V Operation No Data Latency Sleep Mode with 0.1μA Typical Supply Current Dedicated External Reference (TSOT23-8) 1V to 3.6V Digital Output Supply (TSOT23-8) SPI/MICROWIRE™ Compatible Serial I/O Guaranteed Operation from –40°C to 125°C Tiny 6- and 8-Lead TSOT-23 Packages APPLICATIONS n n n n n n Communication Systems Data Acquisition Systems Handheld Portable Devices Uninterrupted Power Supplies Battery-Operated Systems Automotive TYPICAL APPLICATION 12-Bit TSOT23-6/-8 ADC Family DATA OUTPUT RATE Part Number 3Msps LTC2366 1Msps LTC2365 500ksps LTC2362 250ksps LTC2361 100ksps LTC2360 Single 3V Supply, 500ksps, 12-Bit Sampling ADC 1200 3V SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) 2.2μF LTC2362 VDD VREF GND ANALOG INPUT 0V TO 3V AIN CONV SCK SDO OVDD DIGITAL OUTPUT SUPPLY 1V TO 3.6V 2.2μF 236012 TA01a Supply Current vs Sample Rate VDD = 3.6V TA = 25°C 1000 800 LTC2361 600 LTC2362 400 LTC2360 200 0 SERIAL DATA LINK TO ASIC, PLD, MPU, DSP OR SHIFT REGISTORS 1 10 100 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 1000 236012 TA01b 236012f 1 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Notes 1, 2) Supply Voltage (VDD, OVDD)........................................4V VREF and Analog Input Voltage (Note 3).........................................–0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Input Voltage......................–0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Output Voltage ...................–0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Power Dissipation ...............................................100mW Operating Temperature Range LTC2360C/LTC2361C/LTC2362C .............. 0°C to 70°C LTC2360I/LTC2361I/LTC2362I.............. –40°C to 85°C LTC2360H/LTC2361H/LTC2362H (Note 12).. –40°C to 125°C Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) .................. 300°C PIN CONFIGURATION TOP VIEW VDD 1 VREF 2 GND 3 AIN 4 8 CONV 7 SCK 6 SDO 5 OVDD VDD 1 GND 2 AIN 3 TOP VIEW 6 CONV 5 SDO 4 SCK TS8 PACKAGE 8-LEAD PLASTIC TSOT-23 TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 250°C/W S6 PACKAGE 6-LEAD PLASTIC TSOT-23 TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 250°C/W ORDER INFORMATION Lead Free Finish TAPE AND REEL (MINI) LTC2362CTS8#TRMPBF LTC2362ITS8#TRMPBF LTC2362HTS8#TRMPBF LTC2362CS6#TRMPBF LTC2362IS6#TRMPBF LTC2362HS6#TRMPBF LTC2361CTS8#TRMPBF LTC2361ITS8#TRMPBF LTC2361HTS8#TRMPBF LTC2361CS6#TRMPBF LTC2361IS6#TRMPBF LTC2361HS6#TRMPBF LTC2360CTS8#TRMPBF LTC2360ITS8#TRMPBF LTC2360HTS8#TRMPBF LTC2360CS6#TRMPBF LTC2360IS6#TRMPBF TAPE AND REEL LTC2362CTS8#TRPBF LTC2362ITS8#TRPBF LTC2362HTS8#TRPBF LTC2362CS6#TRPBF LTC2362IS6#TRPBF LTC2362HS6#TRPBF LTC2361CTS8#TRPBF LTC2361ITS8#TRPBF LTC2361HTS8#TRPBF LTC2361CS6#TRPBF LTC2361IS6#TRPBF LTC2361HS6#TRPBF LTC2360CTS8#TRPBF LTC2360ITS8#TRPBF LTC2360HTS8#TRPBF LTC2360CS6#TRPBF LTC2360IS6#TRPBF PART MARKING* LTDBV LTDBV LTDBV LTDGP LTDGP LTDGP LTDGM LTDGM LTDGM LTDGN LTDGN LTDGN LTDGJ LTDGJ LTDGJ LTDGK LTDGK PACKAGE DESCRIPTION 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 8-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 TEMPERATURE RANGE 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C -40°C to 125°C 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C -40°C to 125°C 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C -40°C to 125°C 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C -40°C to 125°C 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C -40°C to 125°C 0°C to 70°C -40°C to 85°C -40°C to 125°C LTC2360HS6#TRMPBF LTC2360HS6#TRPBF LTDGK 6-Lead Plastic TSOT23 TRM = 500 pieces. *Temperature grades are identified by a label on the shipping container. Consult LTC Marketing for information on lead based finish parts. For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/ For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/ 236012f 2 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER Resolution (No Missing Codes) Integral Linearity Error Differential Linearity Error Transition Noise Offset Error Gain Error Total Unadjusted Error (Notes 5, 6) (Note 6) (Note 7) (Note 6) (Note 6) (Note 6) l l l The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) CONDITIONS l l l MIN 12 TYP ±0.25 ±0.25 0.25 1 0.1 1.1 MAX ±1 ±1 ±3.5 ±2 ±3.5 UNITS Bits LSB LSB LSBRMS LSB LSB LSB ANALOG INPUT SYMBOL VIN IIN CIN VREF IREF CREF tAP tJITTER PARAMETER Analog Input Voltage The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) CONDITIONS S6 Package TS8 Package CONV = High Between Conversions During Conversions TS8 Package TS8 Package TS8 Package l l l l l MIN –0.05 –0.05 TYP MAX VDD + 0.05 VREF + 0.05 ±1 UNITS V μA pF pF Analog Input Leakage Current Analog Input Capacitance Reference Input Voltage Reference Input Leakage Current Reference Input Capacitance Sample-and-Hold Aperture Delay Time Sample-and-Hold Aperture Delay Time Jitter 20 4 1.4 20 1 0.3 VDD + 0.05 ±1 V μA pF ns ns DYNAMIC ACCURACY SYMBOL SINAD SNR THD SFDR IMD PARAMETER The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) CONDITIONS fIN = 49kHz for LTC2360/LTC2361, fIN = 100kHz for LTC2362 fIN = 49kHz for LTC2360/LTC2361, fIN = 100kHz for LTC2362 fIN = 49kHz for LTC2360/LTC2361, fIN = 100kHz for LTC2362 fIN = 49kHz for LTC2360/LTC2361, fIN = 100kHz for LTC2362 fIN1 = 97kHz, fIN2 = 100kHz for LTC2362 fIN1 = 47kHz, fIN2 = 49kHz for LTC2360/LTC2361 at 3dB at 0.1dB SINAD ≥ 68dB MIN TYP 72 73 –85 86 –75 10 2 1 MAX UNITS dB dB dB dB dB MHz MHz MHz Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) Ratio Signal-to-Noise Ratio Total Harmonic Distortion Spurious Free Dynamic Range Intermodulation Distortion Full-Power Bandwidth Full-Linear Bandwidth 236012f 3 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 DIGITAL INPUTS AND DIGITAL OUTPUTS SYMBOL VIH VIL IIH IIL CIN VOH VOL IOZ COZ ISOURCE ISINK PARAMETER High Level Input Voltage Low Level Input Voltage High Level Input Current Low Level Input Current Digital Input Capacitance High Level Output Voltage Low Level Output Voltage Hi-Z Output Leakage Hi-Z Output Capacitance Output Source Current Output Sink Current VDD = 2.35V to 3.6V, ISOURCE = 200μA VDD = 2.35V to 3.6V, ISINK = 200μA CONV = VDD CONV = VDD VOUT = 0V VOUT = VDD l l l The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) CONDITIONS 2.7V < VDD ≤ 3.6V 2.35V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.7V 2.7V < VDD ≤ 3.6V 2.35V ≤ VDD ≤ 2.7V VIN = VDD VIN = 0V l l l l l l MIN 2 1.7 TYP MAX UNITS V V 0.8 0.7 2.5 –2.5 2 VDD – 0.2 0.2 ±3 4 –10 10 V V μA μA pF V V μA pF mA mA POWER REQUIREMENT SYMBOL VDD OVDD IDD PARAMETER Supply Voltage Digital Output Supply Voltage Supply Current Operational Mode, LTC2362 Operational Mode, LTC2361 Operational Mode, LTC2360 Sleep Mode Sleep Mode Sleep Mode Power Dissipation Operational Mode, LTC2362 Operational Mode, LTC2361 Operational Mode, LTC2360 Sleep Mode Sleep Mode Sleep Mode The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) CONDITIONS l l MIN 2.35 1.0V TYP 3.0 MAX 3.6 3.6 UNITS V V mA mA mA μA μA μA mW mW mW μW μW μW fSMPL = 500ksps fSMPL = 250ksps fSMPL = 100ksps 0°C to 70°C –40°C to 85°C –40°C to 125°C fSMPL = 500ksps fSMPL = 250ksps fSMPL = 100ksps 0°C to 70°C –40°C to 85°C –40°C to 125°C l l l l l l l l l l l l 1.1 0.75 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.3 2.25 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 2 1.5 1 2 2 5 7.2 5.4 3.6 7.2 7.2 18 PD 236012f 4 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL fSMPL(MAX) fSCK tSCK tACQ tCONV t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 PARAMETER Maximum Sampling Frequency Shift Clock Frequency Shift Clock Period Acquisition Time Conversion Time Minimum Positive CONV Pulse Width SCK↑ Setup Time After CONV↓ SDO Enabled Time After CONV↓ SCK Low Time SCK High Time SDO Data Valid Hold Time After SCK↓ SDO Into Hi-Z State Time After CONV↑ (Note 8) (Note 8) (Notes 8, 9) (Note 11) (Note 11) (Notes 8, 9) The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4) LTC2360 CONDITIONS (Notes 8, 9) (Notes 8, 9) l l l l l l l l l l l LTC2361 MAX 10 MIN 250 25 40 10 4 1 3 3 16 16 8 16 8 40% 40% 4 40% 40% 4 6 0.5 1.5 1.5 16 20 TYP MAX MIN 500 LTC2362 TYP MAX 50 2 UNITS kHz MHz ns μs μs μs μs ns 16 8 ns ns tSCK tSCK ns 6 ns MIN 100 100 2 8 8 16 TYP tTHROUGHPUT Minimum Throughput Time, tACQ + tCONV SDO Data Valid Access Time After SCK↓ (Notes 8, 9, 10) l 40% 40% 4 6 (Notes 8, 9, 10) l Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Note 2: All voltage values are with respect to GND. Note 3: When pins AIN and VREF are taken below GND or above VDD, they will be clamped by internal diodes. These products can handle input currents greater than 100mA below GND or above VDD without latch-up. Note 4: VDD = OVDD = VREF = 2.35V to 3.6V, fSMPL = fSMPL(MAX) and fSCK = fSCK(MAX) unless otherwise specified. Note 5: Integral linearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve. The deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band. Note 6: Linearity, offset and gain specifications apply for a single-ended AIN input with respect to GND. Note 7: Typical RMS noise at code transitions. Note 8: Guaranteed by characterization. All input signals are specified with tr = tf = 2ns (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of 1.6V. Note 9: All timing specifications given are with a 10pF capacitance load. With a capacitance load greater than this value, a digital buffer or latch must be used. Note 10: The time required for the output to cross the VIH or VIL voltage. Note 11: Guaranteed by design, not subject to test. Note 12: High temperatures degrade operating lifetimes. Operating lifetime is derated at temperatures greater than 105°C. 236012f 5 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Integral Nonlinearity vs Output Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 DNL (LSB) INL (LSB) 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 OUTPUT CODE 236012 G01 TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = VREF (LTC2360, Note 4) Integral and Differential Nonlinearity vs Reference Voltage (TS8 Package) 1 0.8 NONLINEARITY ERROR (LSB) 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 MIN DNL MAX INL MIN INL MAX DNL VDD = 3.6V Differential Nonlinearity vs Output Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 OUTPUT CODE 236012 G02 VDD = 3V VDD = 3V –1 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 3.6 236012 G03 Histogram for 16384 Conversions 10000 VDD = 3V 8000 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) 400 500 Supply Current vs Sample Rate 20.0 VDD = 3.6V REFERENCE CURRENT (μA) 16.0 Reference Current vs Sample Rate (TS8 Package) VDD = 3.6V COUNT 6000 300 12.0 4000 200 8.0 2000 100 4.0 0 0 2045 2046 2047 2048 CODE 2049 2050 236012 G04 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 SAMPLING FREQUENCY (ksps) 236012 G05 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 236012 G06 SINAD vs Input Frequency 74 VDD = 3.6V –80 73 VDD = 3.0V SINAD (dB) 72 VDD = 2.35V THD (dB) –82 –84 –86 –88 70 –90 –78 THD vs Input Frequency 0 –20 VDD = 2.35V –40 –60 –80 48kHz Sine Wave 8192 FFT Plot VDD = 3V fSMPL = 100ksps 71 VDD = 3.6V VDD = 3.0V 69 –92 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 236012 G07 MAGNITUDE (dB) –100 –120 –140 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 236012 G08 0 10 30 20 40 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 50 2306012 G09 236012f 6 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Integral Nonlinearity vs Output Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 DNL (LSB) INL (LSB) 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 OUTPUT CODE 236012 G10 TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = VREF (LTC2361, Note 4) Integral and Differential Nonlinearity vs Reference Voltage (TS8 Package) 1 0.8 NONLINEARITY ERROR (LSB) 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 MIN DNL MAX INL MIN INL MAX DNL VDD = 3.6V Differential Nonlinearity vs Output Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 OUTPUT CODE 236012 G11 VDD = 3V VDD = 3V –1 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 3.6 236012 G12 Histogram for 16384 Conversions 10000 VDD = 3V 8000 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) 800 Supply Current vs Sample Rate 50.0 VDD = 3.6V 600 REFERENCE CURRENT (μA) 40.0 Reference Current vs Sample Rate (TS8 Package) VDD = 3.6V COUNT 6000 30.0 400 4000 20.0 200 2000 10.0 0 2045 2046 2047 2048 CODE 2049 2050 236012 G13 0 0 50 150 100 200 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 250 236012 G14 0.0 0 50 150 200 100 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 250 236012 G15 SINAD vs Input Frequency 74 VDD = 3.6V 73 –71 –73 –75 THD vs Input Frequency 0 –20 –40 –60 –80 124kHz Sine Wave 8192 FFT Plot VDD = 3V fSMPL = 250ksps SINAD (dB) VDD = 2.35V 71 THD (dB) 72 VDD = 3.0V –79 –81 –83 –85 VDD = 3.6V VDD = 2.35V 70 –87 –89 –120 VDD = 3.0V 1 10 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 236012 G17 69 1 10 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 2306012 G16 –91 MAGNITUDE (dB) –77 –100 –140 0 25 75 50 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 125 2306012 G18 236012f 7 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Integral Nonlinearity vs Output Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 INL (LSB) 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 OUTPUT CODE 236012 G19 TA = 25°C, VDD = OVDD = VREF (LTC2362, Note 4) Integral and Differential Nonlinearity vs Reference Voltage (TS8 Package) 1 0.8 NONLINEARITY ERROR (LSB) 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 MIN DNL MAX INL MIN INL MAX DNL VDD = 3.6V Differential Nonlinearity vs Output Code 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 DNL (LSB) 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1 0 512 1024 1536 2048 2560 3072 3584 4096 OUTPUT CODE 236012 G20 VDD = 3V VDD = 3V –1 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) 3.6 236012 G21 Histogram for 16384 Conversions 10000 VDD = 3V 8000 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) 1000 1200 Supply Current vs Sample Rate 80.0 VDD = 3.6V REFERENCE CURRENT (μA) 60.0 Reference Current vs Sample Rate (TS8 Package) VDD = 3.6V 800 600 400 200 0 COUNT 6000 40.0 4000 2000 20.0 0 2045 2046 2047 2048 CODE 2049 2050 236012 G22 0 100 300 200 400 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 500 236012 G23 0.0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 236012 G24 SINAD vs Input Frequency 74 VDD = 3.6V 73 VDD = 3.0V –71 –75 SINAD (dB) THD (dB) 72 VDD = 2.35V –79 –83 70 –87 –91 1 10 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 2306012 G25 THD vs Input Frequency –67 0 248kHz Sine Wave 8192 FFT Plot VDD = 3V –20 fSMPL = 500ksps –40 –60 –80 VDD = 2.35V 71 VDD = 3.0V VDD = 3.6V 69 MAGNITUDE (dB) –100 –120 –140 1 10 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 2306012 G26 0 50 150 100 200 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 250 2306012 G27 236012f 8 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 PIN FUNCTIONS S6 Package VDD (Pin 1): Positive Supply. The VDD range is 2.35V to 3.6V. VDD also defines the input span of the ADC, 0V to VDD. Bypass to GND and to a solid ground plane with a 2.2μF ceramic capacitor (or 2.2μF tantalum in parallel with 0.1μF ceramic). GND (Pin 2): Ground. The GND pin must be tied directly to a solid ground plane. AIN (Pin 3): Analog Input. AIN is a single-ended input with respect to GND with a range from 0V to VDD. SCK (Pin 4): Shift Clock Input. The SCK serial clock synchronizes the serial data transfer. SDO data transitions on the falling edge of SCK. SDO (Pin 5): Three-State Serial Data Output. The A/D conversion result is shifted out on SDO as a serial data stream with MSB first. The data stream consists of 12 bits of conversion data followed by trailing zeros. CONV (Pin 6): Convert Input. This active high signal starts a conversion on the rising edge. The device automatically powers down after conversion. A logic low on this input enables the SDO pin, allowing the data to be shifted out. TS8 Package VDD (Pin 1): Positive Supply. The VDD range is 2.35V to 3.6V. Bypass to GND and to a solid ground plane with a 2.2μF ceramic capacitor (or 2.2μF tantalum in parallel with 0.1μF ceramic). VREF (Pin 2): Reference Input. VREF defines the input span of the ADC, 0V to VREF. The VREF range is 1.4V to VDD. Bypass to GND and to a solid ground plane with a 2.2μF ceramic capacitor (or 2.2μF tantalum in parallel with 0.1μF ceramic). GND (Pin 3): Ground. The GND pin must be tied directly to a solid ground plane. AIN (Pin 4): Analog Input. AIN is a single-ended input with respect to GND with a range from 0V to VREF. OVDD (Pin 5): Output Driver Supply for SDO. The OVDD range is 1V to 3.6V. Bypass to GND and to a solid ground plane with a 2.2μF ceramic capacitor (or 2.2μF tantalum in parallel with 0.1μF ceramic). OVDD can be driven separately from VDD and OVDD can be higher than VDD. SDO (Pin 6): Three-State Serial Data Output. The A/D conversion result is shifted out on SDO as a serial data stream with MSB first. The data stream consists of 12 bits of conversion data followed by trailing zeros. SCK (Pin 7): Shift Clock Input. The SCK serial clock synchronizes the serial data transfer. SDO data transitions on the falling edge of SCK. CONV (Pin 8): Convert Input. This active high signal starts a conversion on the rising edge. The device automatically powers down after conversion. A logic low on this input enables the SDO pin, allowing the data to be shifted out. 236012f 9 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 BLOCK DIAGRAM 2.2μF 2.2μF 1 VDD ANALOG INPUT RANGE 0V TO VREF AIN 4 S AND H 12-BIT ADC THREE-STATE SERIAL OUTPUT PORT SDO 6 VREF 2 2.2μF 3 GND TIMING LOGIC SCK CONV 7 8 TS8 PACKAGE 236012 BD TIMING DIAGRAMS t8 CONV 1.6V SCK Hi-Z 236012 F01 1.6V VIH VIL 236012 F02 SDO SDO Figure 1. SDO Into Hi-Z State After CONV Rising Edge Figure 2. SDO Data Valid Hold Time After SCK Falling Edge t4 SCK 1.6V VIH VIL 236012 F03 SDO Figure 3. SDO Data Valid Acess Time After SCK Falling Edge 10 + 5 OVDD t7 236012f + LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION DC PERFORMANCE The noise of an ADC can be evaluated in two ways: signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the frequency domain and histogram in the time domain. The LTC2360/LTC2361/ LTC2362 excel in both. Figure 5 demonstrates that the LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 have an SNR of over 73dB. The noise in the time domain histogram is the transition noise associated with a 12-bit resolution ADC which can be measured with a fixed DC signal applied to the input of the ADC. The resulting output codes are collected over a large number of conversions. The shape of the distribution of codes will give an indication of the magnitude of the transition noise. In Figure 4, the distribution of output codes is shown for a DC input that has been digitized 16384 times. The distribution is Gaussian and the RMS code transition is about 0.32LSB. This corresponds to a noise level of 73dB relative to a full scale of 3V. 10000 VDD = 3V 8000 DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE The LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 have excellent high speed sampling capability. Fast fourier transform (FFT) test techniques are used to test the ADCs’ frequency response, distortion and noise at the rated throughput. By applying a low distortion sine wave and analyzing the digital output using an FFT algorithm, the ADCs’ spectral content can be examined for frequencies outside the fundamental. Figures 5 and 6 show typical LTC2361 and LTC2362 FFT plots respectively. COUNT 6000 4000 2000 0 2045 2046 2047 2048 CODE 2049 2050 236012 F04 Figure 4. Histogram for 16384 Conversions 0 –20 –40 –60 –80 –100 –120 –140 VDD = 3V fSMPL = 250ksps fIN = 124kHz SINAD = 73dB THD = –84dB 0 –20 –40 –60 –80 –100 –120 –140 VDD = 3V fSMPL = 500ksps fIN = 248kHz SINAD = 73dB THD = –81dB MAGNITUDE (dB) 0 25 75 50 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 125 236012 F05 MAGNITUDE (dB) 0 50 150 100 200 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 250 236012 F06 Figure 5. LTC2361 FFT Plot Figure 6. LTC2362 FFT Plot 236012f 11 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Signal-to-Noise plus Distortion Ratio The signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio (SINAD) is the ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency to the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components at the A/D output. The output is band limited to frequencies from above DC and below half the sampling frequency. Figure 6 shows a typical FFT with a 500kHz sampling rate and a 248kHz input. The dynamic performance is excellent for input frequencies up to and beyond the Nyquist frequency of 250kHz. Effective Number of Bits The effective number of bits (ENOB) is a measurement of the resolution of an ADC and is directly related to SINAD by the equation: ENOB = SINAD – 1.76 6.02 rate of 500kHz, the LTC2362 maintains ENOB above 11 bits up to the Nyquist input frequency of 250kHz (refer to Figure 7). Total Harmonic Distortion The total harmonic distortion (THD) is the ratio of the RMS sum of all harmonics of the input signal to the fundamental itself. The out-of-band harmonics alias into the frequency band between DC and half the sampling frequency. THD is expressed as: THD = 20log V2 2 + V3 2 + V4 2 + ...Vn 2 V1 where ENOB is the effective number of bits of resolution and SINAD is expressed in dB. At the maximum sampling where V1 is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental frequency and V2 through Vn are the amplitudes of the second through nth harmonics. THD vs. Input Frequency is shown in Figure 8. The LTC2362 has excellent distortion performance up to the Nyquist frequency and beyond. 74 VDD = 3.6V 73 72 SINAD (dB) 71 70 69 68 67 VDD = 2.35V VDD = 3.0V 12 –67 –71 11.67 THD (dB) ENOB –75 –79 –83 –87 –91 VDD = 2.35V 11.34 VDD = 3.0V VDD = 3.6V 11 1 10 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 2306012 F07 1 10 100 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000 2306012 F08 Figure 7. LTC2362 ENOB and SINAD vs Input Frequency Figure 8. LTC2362 THD vs Input Frequency 236012f 12 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Intermodulation Distortion If the ADC input signal consists of more than one spectral component, the ADC transfer function nonlinearity can produce intermoduation distortion (IMD) in addition to THD. IMD is the change in one sinusoidal input caused by the presence of another sinusoidal input at a different frequency. If two pure sine waves of frequencies fa and fb are applied to the ADC input, nonlinearities in the ADC transfer function can create distortion products at the sum and difference frequencies of mfa ± nfb, where m and n = 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. For example, the 2nd order IMD terms include (fa ± fb). If the two input sine waves are equal in magnitude, the value (in decibels) of the 2nd order IMD products can be expressed by the following formula: IMD ( fa ± fb ) = 20log Amplitude at ( fa ± fb ) Amplitude at fa Peak Harmonic or Spurious Noise The peak harmonic or spurious noise is the largest spectral component excluding the input signal and DC. This value is expressed in decibels relative to the RMS value of a full-scale input signal. Full-Power and Full-Linear Bandwidth The full-power bandwidth is that input frequency at which the amplitude of reconstructed fundamental is reduced by 3dB for full-scale input signal. The full-linear bandwidth is the input frequency at which the SINAD has dropped to 68dB (11 effective bits). The LTC2362 has been designed to optimize input bandwidth, allowing the ADC to undersample input signals with frequencies above the converter’s Nyquist frequency. The noise floor stays very low at high frequencies; SINAD becomes dominated by distortion at frequencies far beyond Nyquist. 0 –20 MAGNITUDE (dB) –40 –60 –80 VDD = 3.6V fSMPL = 500ksps fa = 99kHz fb = 101kHz IMD = –76.5dB –100 –120 0 50 100 200 150 INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz) 250 236012 F09 Figure 9. LTC2362 Intermodulation Distortion Plot 236012f 13 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION OVERVIEW The LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 use a successive approximation algorithm and internal sample-and-hold circuit to convert an analog signal to a 12-bit serial output. All devices operate from a single 2.35V to 3.6V supply. The conversion time of the devices is controlled by an internal oscillator, which allows the LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 to sample at a rate of 100ksps, 250ksps and 500ksps respectively. The LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 contain a 12-bit, switchedcapacitor ADC, a sample-and-hold, a serial interface(see Block Diagram) and are available in tiny 6- or 8-lead TSOT-23 packages. The S6 package of the LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 uses VDD as the reference and has an analog input range of 0V to VDD. The ADC samples the analog input with respect to GND and outputs the result through the serial interface. The TS8 package provides two additional pins: a reference pin, VREF, and an output supply pin, OVDD. The ADC can operate with reduced spans down to 1.4V and achieve 342μV resolution. OVDD controls the output swing of the digital output pin, SDO, and allows the device to communicate with 1.8V, 2.5V or 3V digital systems. SERIAL INTERFACE The LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 communicate with microcontrollers, DSPs and other external circuitry via a 3-wire interface. Figure 10 shows the operating sequence of the serial interface. Data Transfer A rising CONV edge starts a conversion and disables SDO. After the conversion, the ADC automatically goes into sleep mode, drawing only leakage current. CONV going low enables SDO and clocks out the MSB bit, B11. SCK then synchronizes the data transfer with each bit being transmitted on the falling SCK edge and can be captured on the rising SCK edge. After completing the data transfer, if further SCK clocks are applied with CONV low, SDO will output zeros indefinitely (see Figure 10). For example, 16-clocks at SCK will produce the 12-bit data and four trailing zeros on SDO. SLEEP MODE The LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 enter sleep mode to save power after each conversion if CONV remains high. In sleep mode, all bias currents are shut down and only leakage currents remain (about 0.1μA). The sample-and-hold is in hold mode while the ADC is in sleep mode. The ADC returns to sample mode after the falling edge of CONV during power-up (see Figure 10). Exiting Sleep Mode and Power-Up Time By taking CONV low, the ADC powers up and acquires an input signal completely after the aquisition time (tACQ). After tACQ, the ADC can perform a conversion as described in the Serial Interface section (see Figure 10). CONV tCONV SCK SLEEP MODE t2 BY TAKING CONV LOW, THE DEVICE POWERS UP AND ACQUIRES AN INPUT ACCURATELY AFTER tACQ t6 1 t3 B11 (MSB) t1 tTHROUGHPUT *AFTER COMPLETING THE DATA TRANSFER, IF FURTHER SCK CLOCKS ARE APPLIED WITH CONV LOW, THE ADC WILL OUTPUT ZEROS INDEFINITELY tACQ 2 t4 B10 B9 3 4 t5 B3 9 10 t7 B2 B1 B0* 236012 F10 RECOMMENDED HIGH OR LOW Hi-Z STATE 11 12 t8 SDO Figure 10. LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 Serial Interface Timing Diagram 236012f 14 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION ACHIEVING MICROPOWER PERFORMANCE With typical operating currents of 0.5mA, 0.75mA and 1.1mA for the LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 and automatically entering sleep mode right after a conversion, these devices achieve extremely low power consumption over a wide range of sample rates (see Figure 11). The sleep mode allows the supply current to drop with reduced sample rate. Several things must be taken into account to achieve such low power consumption. Minimize Power Consumption in Sleep Mode The LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 enter sleep mode after each conversion if CONV remains high and draw only leakage current (see Figure 10). If the CONV input is not running rail-to-rail, the input logic buffer will draw current. This current may be large compared to the typical supply current. To obtain the lowest supply current, bring the CONV pin to GND when it is low and to VDD when it is high. After the conversion with CONV staying high, the converter is in sleep mode and draws only leakage current. The status of the SCK input has no effect on supply current during this time. For the best performance, hold SCK either high or low while the ADC is converting. Minimize the Device Active Time In systems that have significant time between conversions, the ADC draws a minimal amount of power. Figures 12 and 13 show two ways to minimize the amount of time the ADC draws power. In Figure 12, the ADC draws power during tACQ and tCONV and is in sleep mode for the rest of the time. The conversion results are available at the next CONV falling edge. In Figure 13, the ADC draws twice the power than that in Figure 12, but the conversion results are available during tDATA. The user can use the fastest SCK available in the system to shorten data transfer time, tDATA as long as t4 and t7 are not violated. SDO Loading 800 LTC2361 600 LTC2362 400 LTC2360 200 0 1200 1000 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) VDD = OVDD = VREF = 3.6V TA = 25°C 1 10 100 SAMPLE RATE (ksps) 1000 236012 TA01b Capacitive loading on the digital output can increase power consumption. A 100pF capacitor on the SDO pin can add more than 50μA to the supply current at a 200kHz clock frequency. An extra 50μA or so of current goes into charging and discharging the load capacitor. The same goes for digital lines driven at a high frequency by any logic. The C • V • f currents must be evaluated with the troublesome ones minimized. Figure 11. Supply Current vs Sample Rate CONV SAMPLING INPUT AND TRANSFERRING DATA tACQ EXECUTING A CONVERSION AND PUTTING THE DEVICE INTO SLEEP MODE tCONV SLEEP MODE RECOMMENDED HIGH OR LOW SCK 1 SDO B11 2 B10 3 B9 4 9 B3 10 B2 11 B1 12 B0 Hi-Z STATE tTHROUGHPUT = tACQ + tCONV + tSLEEPMODE 236012 F12 Figure 12. Minimize the Time When the Device Draws Power, While the Conversion Results are Available After the Device Wakes Up 236012f 15 LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION CONV ACQUIRE INPUT tACQ SCK tCONV RECOMMENDED HIGH OR LOW 1 SDO B11 2 B10 3 B9 4 9 B3 10 B2 11 B1 12 B0 Hi-Z STATE 236012 F13 EXECUTE CONVERSION DATA TRANSFER EXECUTING A DUMMY CONVERSION AND PUT THE DEVICE INTO SLEEP MODE tDATA tCONV SLEEP MODE RECOMMENDED HIGH OR LOW tTHROUGHPUT = tACQ + 2 • tCONV + tDATA + tSLEEPMODE Figure 13. Minimize the Time When the Device Draws Power, While the Conversion Results are Available Right After Conversion SINGLE-ENDED ANALOG INPUT Driving the Analog Input The analog input of the LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 is easy to drive. The input draws only one small current spike while charging the sample-and-hold capacitor with the ADC going into track mode. During the conversion, the analog input draws only a small leakage current. If the source impedance of the driving circuit is low, then the input of the LTC2360/LTC2361/LTC2362 can be driven directly. As source impedance increases, so will acquisition time. For minimum acquisition time with high source impedance, a buffer amplifier should be used. The main requirement is that the amplifier driving the analog input must settle after the small current spike before the next conversion starts (settling time must be less than tACQ for full throughput rate). While choosing an input amplifier, also keep in mind the amount of noise and harmonic distortion the amplifier contributes. Choosing an Input Amplifier Choosing an input amplifier is easy if a few requirements are taken into consideration. First, to limit the magnitude of the voltage spike seen by the amplifier from charging the sampling capacitor, choose an amplifier that has a low output impedance (