MPC82L54AE2

MPC82x54A 8-bit micro-controller Features ............................................................................................................................. 3 General Description .......................................................................................................... 5 Order Information: ............................................................................................................ 5 Pin Description.................................................................................................................. 6 Pin Definition ................................................................................................................... 6 Pin Configuration ........................................................................................................... 10 Block Diagram ................................................................................................................ 11 Special Function Register ............................................................................................... 12 Address Map .................................................................................................................. 12 Bits Description.............................................................................................................. 13 Memory........................................................................................................................... 15 Organization ................................................................................................................... 15 RAM............................................................................................................................... 16 Nonvolatile Registers: .................................................................................................... 16 Embedded Flash ............................................................................................................. 19 Functional Description.................................................................................................... 20 I/O Port Configuration ................................................................................................... 20 Timer/Counter ................................................................................................................ 24 Interrupt.......................................................................................................................... 29 Watch Dog Timer ........................................................................................................... 33 Universal Asynchronous Serial Port (UART) ................................................................ 35 Programmable Counter Array (PCA)............................................................................. 38 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) .................................................................................... 47 Analog to Digital Converter........................................................................................... 54 Built-In Oscillator .......................................................................................................... 56 Power-Up and Low Voltage Detector and Reset............................................................ 56 Power Management........................................................................................................ 57 Reset and Boot Entrance ................................................................................................ 59 In System Programming and In Application Programming............................................ 60 In System Programming (ISP) ....................................................................................... 60 In-Application Program (IAP) ....................................................................................... 63 Avoid Inadvertent Data Lost from IAP/ISP ................................................................... 64 This document contains information on a new product under development by Megawin. Megawin reserves the right to change or discontinue this product without notice. © Megawin Technology Co., Ltd. 2008 All rights reserved. 2008/12 version A8 MEGAWIN Instructions Set................................................................................................................ 65 Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82E54A) ................................................................... 68 DC Characteristics (MPC82E54A)................................................................................. 68 Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82L54A) ................................................................... 69 DC Characteristics (MPC82L54A)................................................................................. 69 Package Dimension......................................................................................................... 70 Revision History ............................................................................................................. 74 2 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Features Enhanced 80C51 Central Processing Unit 15.5K bytes on-chip flash memory with ISP/IAP capability 256 bytes scratch-pad RAM and 256 bytes auxiliary RAM Two-level code protection for flash memory access Two 16-bits timer/counter 7 sources, 4-level-priority interrupt capability One enhanced UART with automatic address recognition and frame error detection 15 bits Watch-Dog-Timer with 8-bit pre-scalar, one-time enabled SPI Master/Slave mode Programmable Counter Array (PCA) 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) Power control: Idle mode and Power-Down mode, Power-down can be woken-up through INT0 and INT1 27 programmable I/O ports Alternative built-in 6MHz oscillator Fully static operation Excellent noise immunity On-Chip flash program/data memory: - The data endurance of the embedded flash gets over 20,000 times. - Greater than 100 years data rentention under room temperature Very low power consumption Operating Voltage: - 4.5V~5.5V for MPC82E54A - 2.4V~3.6V for MPC82L54A, minimum 2.7V requirement in flash write operation (ISP/ICP/…...) - Built-in Low-Voltage Detector and Reset circuit. Operating Temperature - Industrial (-40°C to +85°C)* Maximum Operating Frequency: - Up to 24MHz, Industrial range MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 3 More package type: PDIP-20/28:MPC82x54AE/AE2 PLCC-32: MPC82x54AP SOP-20/28:MPC82x54AS/AS2 SSOP-28: MPC82x54AS3 TSSOP-20/28:MPC82x54AT/AT2 *: Tested by sampling 4 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN General Description MPC82x54A is a single-chip 8-bit micro-controller with instruction sets fully compatible with industrial-standard 80C51 series microcontroller. There is an excellent MCU kernel built in this device compared to general 80C51 MCUs those take twelve oscillating cycles to finish an instruction, and this unique device could take only one oscillating cycle to finish one instruction. There is 15.5 Kbytes flash memory embedded which could be used as program or data. Also the In-System Programming and In-Application Programming mechanisms are supported. The data endurance of the embedded flash gets over 20,000 times, and 21 years data retention is guaranteed. The operation frequency reaches at 24 MHz. An user can apply a crystal oscillator for the oscillating source, or alternatively uses the built in 6 MHz RC oscillator to save system cost. The built in high performance 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter make it easy to sensing the environment or implement a set of scan keys in low cost. The UART and SPI interfaces make the device convenient to communicate with the peripheral component: talking to a personal computer via RS-232 port, or communicating with a serial memory. The Pulse-Width-Modulator (PWM) mode in Programmable Counter Array (PCA) makes the device to drive the peripheral step motor or LED in least cost. The MPC82x54A is really the most efficient MCU adapted for simple control, such as: electronic scales, remote controller, security encoder/decoder, and user interface controller. Order Information: Part Number Temperature Range MPC82x54AE MPC82x54AE2 MPC82x54AP MPC82x54AS MPC82x54AS2 MPC82x54AS3 MPC82x54AT MPC82x54AT2 Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial PDIP-20 PDIP-28 PLCC-32 SOP-20 SOP-28 SSOP-28 TSSOP-20 TSSOP-28 Tube Tube Tube Tube Tube Tube Tube Tube L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V L: 3V / E: 5V Package Packing Operation Voltage MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 5 Pin Description Pin Definition Pin Name P2.2 PIN NUMBER PLCC-32 PDIP-28 PDIP-20 TYPE BU DESCRIPTION P2.2: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. P2.3: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. RST: = A high duty on this pin keeps for at least 10us plus 36 oscillation cycles will reset the device. P3.0: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. RXD: = Data Receiving pin for built-in UART functionality. P3.1: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. TXD: = Data Transmitting pin for built-in UART functionality. P0.0: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. XTALO: = Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier. XTALI: = Input to amplifier. the inverting oscillator 1 1 P2.3 2 2 BU RST 3 3 1 ID P3.0 (RXD) 4 4 2 BU P3.1 (TXD) 5 5 3 BU P0.0 6 BU XTALO 7 6 4 O XTALI 8 7 5 I P3.2 (INT0) 9 8 6 BU P3.2: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. INT0: = External interrupt source 6 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN P0.1 10 BU P0.1: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. P3.3: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. INT1: = External interrupt source P3.4: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. ECI: = External Clock Input to Programmable Counter Array (PCA) T0: = Alternative clock input to timer-0 P3.5: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. CEX1: = Capture Event trigger to Programmable Counter Array (PCA) module-1 or PWM output T1: = Alternative clock input to timer-1 P2.4: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. CEX3: = Capture Event trigger to Programmable Counter Array (PCA) module-3 or PWM output P2.5: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. Ground P2.6: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. P3.3 (INT1) 11 9 7 BU P3.4 (ECI/T0) 12 10 8 BU P3.5 (CEX1/T1) 13 11 9 BU P2.4 (CEX3) 14 12 BU P2.5 15 13 BU VSS P2.6 16 17 14 15 10 G BU MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 7 P2.7 18 16 BU P2.7: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. P3.7: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. CEX0: = Capture Event trigger to Programmable Counter Array (PCA) module-0 or PWM output P1.0: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. AIN0: = Alternative ADC input P1.1: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. AIN1: = Alternative ADC input P1.2: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. AIN2: = Alternative ADC input P0.2: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. P1.3: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. AIN3: = Alternative ADC input P1.4: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. SS: = Serial mode Selector or Chip-Enabling pin for Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) AIN4: = P3.7 (CEX0) 19 17 11 BU P1.0 (AIN0) 20 18 12 BU P1.1 (AIN1) 21 19 13 BU P1.2 (AIN2) 22 20 14 BU P0.2 23 BU P1.3 (AIN3) 24 21 15 BU P1.4 (SS/AIN4) 25 22 16 BU 8 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN P0.3 26 BU Alternative ADC input P0.3: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. P1.5: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. MOSI: = Master data Output or Slave data Input for Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) AIN5: = Alternative ADC input P1.6: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. MISO: = Master data Input or Slave data Output for Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) AIN6: = Alternative ADC input P1.7: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. SPICLK: = Serial Clock for Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) AIN7: = Alternative ADC input P2.0: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. CEX2: = Capture Event trigger to Programmable Counter Array (PCA) module-2 or PWM output P2.1: = General purpose 4-state I/O port with internal pull-up mechanism; can be configured as open-drain output. Power supply P1.5 (MOSI/AIN5) 27 23 17 BU P1.6 (MISO/AIN6) 28 24 18 BU P1.7 (SPICLK/AIN7) 29 25 19 BU P2.0 (CEX2) 30 26 BU P2.1 31 27 BU VCC 32 28 20 P MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 9 Pin Configuration P2.2 P2.3 RST RXD/P3.0 TXD/P3.1 XTAL2 XTAL1 INT0/P3.2 INT1/P3.3 ECI/T0/P3.4 CEX1/T1/P3.5 VSS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 VCC P1.7/SPICLK/AIN7 P1.6/MISO/AIN6 P1.5/MOSI/AIN5 P1.4/SS/AIN4 P1.3/AIN3 P1.2/AIN2 P1.1/AIN1 P1.0/AIN0 P3.7/CEX0 RST RXD/P3.0 TXD/P3.1 XTAL2 XTAL1 INT0/P3.2 INT1/P3.3 ECI/T0/P3.4 CEX1/T1/P3.5 P2.4/CEX3 P2.5 VSS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 VCC P2.1 P2.0/CEX2 P1.7/SPICLK/AIN7 P1.6/MISO/AIN6 P1.5/MOSI/AIN5 P1.4/SS/AIN4 P1.3/AIN3 P1.2/AIN2 P1.1/AIN1 P1.0/AIN0 P3.7/CEX0 P2.7 P2.6 SkinnyDIP-20/SOP-20/TSSOP-20 SkinnyDIP-28/SOP-28/SSOP-28/TSSOP-28 VDD P2.1 P3.0 P2.3 RST P2.2 4 5 1 30 29 P1.7 P1.6 P3.1 P0.0 P2.0 XTAL2 P1.5 XTAL1 P3.2 P0.3 P1.4 P0.1 P3.3 P1.3 P0.2 P3.4 P1.2 P3.5 13 14 20 21 P1.1 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 P2.4 P3.7 VSS PLCC-32 10 MPC82x54A Data Sheet P1.0 MEGAWIN Block Diagram AUX-RAM256 RAM ADDR Register RAM256 Flash ROM B Register ACC Stack Pointer ISP TMP2 TMP1 Timer0 Address Generator ALU Timer1 Program Counter UART PSW WDT LVD/LVR PCA & SPI Port1 Latch RESET Control Unit ADC Port1 Driver 8 Port0/2/3 Latch Port0/2/3 Driver P1.0 ~ P1.7 XTAL1 XTAL2 P1.0 ~ P1.7 P0.0 ~ P0.3 P2.0 ~ P2.7 P3.0~P3.5,P3.7 MPC82x54 Block Diagram MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 11 Special Function Register Address Map 0/8 0F8H 0F0H 0E8H 0E0H 0D8H 0D0H 0C8H 0C0H 0B8H 0B0H 0A8H 0A0H 098H 090H 088H 080H IP x0000000 1/9 CH 00000000 2/A CCAP0H 00000000 3/B CCAP1H 00000000 4/C CCAP2H 00000000 5/D CCAP3H 00000000 6/E 7/F B 000000 PCAPWM0 PCAPWM1 PCAPWM2 PCAPWM3 xxxxxx00 xxxxxx00 xxxxxx00 xxxxxx00 CL 00000000 CCAP0L 00000000 CCAP1L 00000000 CCAP2L 00000000 CCAP3L 00000000 ACC 00000000 WDTCR 0x000000 IFD 11111111 IFADRH 00000000 IFADRL 00000000 IFMT xxxxxx00 SCMD xxxxxxxx ISPCR 00000000 CCON 00xx0000 CMOD 0xxxx000 CCAPM0 x0000000 CCAPM1 x0000000 CCAPM2 x0000000 CCAPM3 x0000000 PSW 00000000 ADCTL 000000000 ADCV 00000000 PCON2 xxxxx000 SADEN 00000000 ADCVL 00000000 P3 1x111111 P3M0 00000000 P3M1 00000000 IPH x0000000 IE 00000000 SADDR 00000000 P2 11111111 TSTWD SBUF xxxxxxxx SCON 00000000 P1 11111111 P1M0 00000000 P1M1 00000000 P0M0 xxxx0000 P0M1 xxxx0000 P2M0 00000000 P2M1 00000000 TCON 00000000 TMOD 00000000 TL0 00000000 TL1 00000000 TH0 00000000 TH1 00000000 AUXR 000000xx P0 xxxx1111 SP 00000111 DPL 00000000 DPH 00000000 SPISTAT 00xxxxxx SPICTL 00000100 SPIDAT 00000000 PCON 00110000 12 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Bits Description SYMBOL P0 SP DPL DPH SPISTAT SPICTL SPIDAT PCON TCON TMOD TL0 TL1 TH0 TH1 AUXR P1 P1M0 P1M1 P0M0 P0M1 P2M0 P2M1 SCON SBUF P2 TSTWD IE SADDR P3 P3M0 P3M1 IPH IP SADEN ADCVL ADCTL ADCV PCON2 Port 0 Stack Pointer Data Pointer Low Data Pointer High SPI Status register SPI control register SPI data register Power Control Timer/Counter Control Register Timer/Counter Mode Register Timer Low 0 Timer Low 1 Timer High 0 Timer High 1 Auxiliary register Port 1 P1 configuration 0 P1 configuration 1 P0 configuration 0 P0 configuration 1 P2 configuration 0 P2 configuration 1 Serial Control Serial Buffer Port 2 For WDT test Interrupt Enable Slave Address Port 3 P3 Configuration 0 P3 Configuration 0 Interrupt Priority High Interrupt Priority Low Slave Address Mask ADC Result Low ADC Control Register ADC Result Register Power Control 2 DESCRIPTION ADDR MSB 80H 81H 82H 83H 84H 85H 86H 87H 88H 89H 8AH 8BH 8CH 8DH 8EH 90H 91H 92H 93H 94H 95H 96H 98H 99H A0H A7H Reserved for testing WDT A8H A9H B0H B1H B2H B7H B8H B9H BEH SPEED1 SM0/FE BIT ADDRESS AND SYMBOL LSB INITIAL VALUE xxxx1111B 00000111B 00000000B 00000000B SPIF SSIG WCOL SPEN DORD MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 - 00xxxxxxB SPR0 00000100B 00000000B SMOD TF1 GATE SMOD0 TR1 C/T LVF TF0 M1 POF TR0 M0 GF1 IE1 GATE GF0 IT1 C/T PD IE0 M1 IDL IT0 M0 00110000B 00000000B 00000000B 00000000B 00000000B 00000000B 00000000B T0x12 P1.7 T1x12 P1.6 URM0x6 EADCI P1.4 ESPI P1.3 ENLVFI P1.2 P1.1 P1.0 000000xxB 11111111B 00000000B 00000000B P1.5 - - - - xxxx0000B xxxx0000B 00000000B 00000000B SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 00000000B xxxxxxxxB 11111111B 0x000000B EA EPCA_ LVD ESPI_ ADC ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 00000000B 00000000B P3.7 - - P3.5 P3.4 P3.3 P3.2 P3.1 P3.0 1x111111B 0x000000B 0x000000B PPCAH _LVD PPCA _LVD PSPIH _ADC PSPI _ADC PSH PS PT1H PT1 PX1H PX1 PT0H PT0 PX0H x0000000B PX0 x0000000B 00000000B SPEED0 ADCI ADCS CHS2 ADCV.1 ADCV.0 00000000B CHS1 CHS0 00000000B C5H ADCON C6H ADCV.9 C7H - ADCV.8 - ADCV.7 ADCV.6 ADCV.5 ADCV.4 ADCV.3 ADCV.2 00000000B CKS2 CKS1 CKS0 xxxxx000B MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 13 PSW CCON CMOD CCAPM0 CCAPM1 CCAP2M CCAP3M ACC WDTCR IFD IFADRH IFADRL IFMT SCMD ISPCR CL CCAP0L Program Status Word PCA counter control register PCA counter mode register PCA module0 mode register. PCA module1 mode register. PCA module2 mode register PCA module3 mode register Accumulator WDT control register ISP Flash data register ISP Flash Address High Byte ISP Flash Address Low Byte ISP Mode Table ISP Sequential Command ISP Control Register PCA Counter Low Byte Low byte of PCA module-0 Compare/Capture register Low byte of PCA module-1 Compare/Capture register Low byte of PCA module-2 Compare/Capture register Low byte of PCA module-3 Compare/Capture register B Register D0H D8H D9H DAH DBH DCH DDH E0H E1H E2H E3H E4H E5H E6H E7H E9H EAH CY CF CIDL - AC CR ECOM0 ECOM1 ECOM2 ECOM3 F0 RS1 RS0 CCF3 OV CCF2 CPS1 TOG0 TOG1 TOG2 TOG3 CCF1 CPS0 P 00000000B CCF0 00xx0000B ECF 0xxxx000B - - MAT0 MAT1 MAT2 MAT3 CAPP0 CAPN0 CAPP1 CAPN1 CAPP2 CAPN2 CAPP3 CAPN3 PWM0 ECCF0 x0000000B PWM1 ECCF1 x0000000B PWM2 ECCF2 x0000000B PWM3 ECCF3 x0000000B 00000000B WRF - ENW CLW WIDL PS2 PS1 PS0 0x000000B 11111111B 00000000B 00000000B - - - - - - MS1 MS0 xxxxxx00B xxxxxxxxB ISPEN SWBS SWRST CFAIL - WAIT.2 WAIT.1 WAIT.0 00000000B 00000000B 00000000B CCAP1L EBH 00000000B CCAP2L ECH 00000000B CCAP3L EDH 00000000B B F0H F2H F3H F4H F5H F9H FAH - 00000000B EPC0H EPC0L xxxxxx00B EPC1H EPC1L xxxxxx00B EPC2H EPC2L xxxxxx00B EPC3H EPC3L xxxxxx00B 00000000B 00000000B PCAPWM0 PCA PWM mode auxiliary register 0 PCAPWM1 PCA PWM mode auxiliary register 1 PCAPWM2 PCA PWM mode auxiliary register 2 PCAPWM3 PCA PWM mode auxiliary register 3 CH PCA Counter High Byte CCAP0H High byte of PCA module-0 Compare/Capture register High byte of PCA module-1 Compare/Capture register High byte of PCA module-2 Compare/Capture register High byte of PCA module-3 Compare/Capture register CCAP1H FBH 00000000B CCAP2H FCH 00000000B CCAP3H FDH 00000000B 14 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Memory Organization 00-7F 80-FF 80-FF RAM, Access it via direct addressing SFR, Access it via direct addressing indirect on-chip RAM, Access it via indirect addressing On-Chip External auxiliary RAM. 0000-00FF MEGAWIN 00 0000 AP Memory Address Space for MPC82x54A embedded Flash memory 80 7F Address Space for MPC82x54A RAM FF 0000 – xxxx := User’s Application xxxx is determined by OR1[7:0] xxxx – yyyy := Memory for In-ApplicationProgramming data xxxx is determined by OR1[7:0] yyyy – 3DFF := Memory for In-SystemProgramming code yyyy is determined by OR0[5:4] ISP IAP Memory Memory 3DFF MPC82x54A Data Sheet xxxx yyyy 15 RAM There are 512 bytes RAM built in MPC82x54A. The user can visit the leading 128-byte RAM via direct addressing instructions, and we name those RAM as direct RAM that occupies address space 00h to 7Fh. Followed 128-byte RAM can be visited via indirect addressing instructions, and we name those RAM as indirect RAM that occupied address space 80h to FFh. There are extra 256 bytes RAM can be visited via MOVX @Ri or @DPTR instructions which are named external RAM. When using MOVX @DPTR, the content in DPH is ignored. None of P0 status and P2 status is affected during MOVX instruction. Nonvolatile Registers: There are four Nonvolatile Registers named OR0, OR1, OR2, and OR3 individually. They are designed to configure the MPC82x54A, i.e.,: to decide to use internal RC oscillator or use crystal oscillator as oscillating source, or to allocate the built-in flash for application program, application data and In-System-Program code. Generally, the only way to program those four nonvolatile registers is making use of a popular NVM writer, such as: Hi-Lo System All-11, Leaper-48 and Megawin-Provided MCU writer. The user’s program and the ISP program never can change those option registers. NVM register: OR0 (Option Register 0): Bit-7 LVFWP Bit-6 ENLVR Bit-5 ISPAS1 Bit-4 ISPAS0 Bit-3 HWBS Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 LOCK reserved1 SB LVFWP: = Low-Voltage-Flag-Write-Protecting bit. 0:= inhibit the flash read/write action via ISP/IAP mechanism while the power supply drops under a specific voltage level. Typically, the voltage threshold is around 3.7V/2.3V (Operate in the 5V / 3V) for Fosc =12MHz. 1:= (default) No inhibition on the flash-writing action. ENLVR: =Enable-Low-Voltage-Reset 0:= Clearing the bit will reset the device while the power supply drops under a specific voltage level. Typically, the voltage threshold is around 3.7V/2.3V (Operate in the 5V / 3V) for Fosc = 12MHz. 1:= (default) Setting the bit implies never reset the device in spite of voltage dropping. 16 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN {ISPAS1, ISPAS0}:= ISP-Address-Start {0,0}:= Set the ISP start address 3000H. (ISP code could take 3.5K bytes) {0,1}:= Set the ISP start address 3400H. (ISP code could take 2.5K bytes) {1,0}:= Set the ISP start address 3800H. (ISP code could take 1.5K bytes) {1,1}:= (default) Express no ISP code. HWBS: = Hardware-Boot-Selector 0:= (default) Clearing the bit is to configure the device to boot from ISP program after power-up. 1:= Setting the bit is to configure the device to boot normally from user’s application program after power-up. In fact, the boot entrance is determined by register SWBS from SFR ISPCR ignoring the boot comes from RST-pin press, software-trigger, or power-up. However, if a boot happens and that boot comes from power-up action, the device will first load the complement of the HWBS to SWBS, and decides the boot entrance according to the state of bit SWBS. So the HWBS is named Hardware Boot Selector. It influence on power-up boot, but does not influence on the boot from RST-pin or software-trigger. reserved1:= The bit is reserved for afterward user, and should be left at set. The user must not clear the bit; otherwise, there could be inadvertent effect impacted on the device. SB: = Used to decide if the program code will be Scrambled while it is dumped. 0:= Code dump from Writer is scrambled. 1:= (default) Code dump from Writer is transparent. LOCK: = Used to decide if the program code will be Locked against the popular writer. 0:= Code dumping from Writer is locked. 1:= (default) Permit code dumping from general Writers. NVM register: OR1 (Option Register 1): Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 OR1 [7:1]:= Used to set the boundary of IAP memory The user’s application program can change only the IAP flash memory, not of AP flash memory itself nor the ISP flash memory. The IAP memory is defined between address scope OR1 [7:1]*512 and ISP-Address-Start. Setting the OR1 [7:1] 1111111B means no IAP memory. NVM register: OR2 (Option Register 2): Bit-7 reserved1 Bit-6 OSCDN Bit-5 HWBS2 Bit-4 reserved1 Bit-3 Bit-2 reserved1 Bit-1 ENROSC Bit-0 reserved1 reserved1:= The bit is reserved for afterward user, and should be left at set. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 17 The user must not clear the bit; otherwise, there could be inadvertent effect impacted on the device. OSCDN: = Used to adjust the behavior of crystal oscillator. 0:= The current gain of crystal oscillator amplifier is reduced. It will bring help to EMI reducing and improve the power consumption. Dealing with application does not need high frequency clock (under 12MHz). It is recommended to do so. 1:= (default) The current gain of crystal oscillator is enough for oscillator to start oscillating up to 24MHz. HWBS2:= Used to adjust the behavior of crystal oscillator. 0:= Force the boot entrance as ISP code for both of power-up boot and RST-pin boot. 1:= (default) Transfer the determination of boot entrance to HWBS. By using HWBS2, ISP program may be triggered to run by RESET pin. (See Boot and Reset section) ENROSC: = Used to determined if to enable the built-in RC oscillator. 0:= Clearing the bit will enable the built-in RC oscillator, and set that oscillator as the oscillating source 1:= (default) Setting the bit means to disable the built-in RC oscillator. NVM register: OR3 (Option Register 3): Bit-7 reserved1 Bit-6 reserved1 Bit-5 HWENW Bit-4 Bit-3 HWWIDL Bit-2 HWPS2 Bit-1 HWPS1 Bit-0 HWPS0 reserved1:= The bit is reserved for afterward user, and should be left at set. The user must not clear the bit; otherwise, there could be inadvertent effect impacted on the device. HWENW: = Hardware Enable Watch-dog-timer 0:= Clearing the bit will automatically enable the watch-dog-timer after power-up immediately. HWWIDL, HWPS2, HWPS1 and HWPS0 will be loaded Into SFR WDTCR after power-up if and only if HWENW =0. 1:= (default) No Hardware enable for Watch-dog-timer. HWWIDL: = Hardware enables reset from Watch-dog-timer in spite of the MCU lies idle. 0:= Watch-dog-timer is also suspended while the MCU lies idle. 1:= (default) Enable watch-dog-timer to keep working in spite of the MCU has been put into idle mode. If the bit HWENW is left 1, the bits HWWIDL, HWPS2, HWPS1 and HWPS0 make no sense. {HWPS2, HWPS1, HWPS0}:= Hardware Watch-dog-timer Pre-Scalar If the bit HWENW is cleared to 0, those bits will be loaded into SFR WDTCR after power-up. Those three bits set the pre-scalar of the watch-dog-timer. If the bit HWENW is left 1, those three bits makes no sense. {0,0,0}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 2. {0,0,1}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 4. 18 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN {0,1,0}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 8. {0,1,1}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 16 {1,0,0}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 32 {1,0,1}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 64 {1,1,0}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 128 {1,1,1}:= The frequency of the clock source for the watch-dog-timer is divided by 256 Embedded Flash There is totally 15.5 Kbyte flash embedded in the MPC82x54A. The user can configure the whole flash to store the application program, can configure the flash for both storage of application (AP) program and In-System-Program (ISP) code, or even can configure the flash for storage of AP, ISP, and In-Application-Program (IAP) memory. While the program counter of MPC82x54A is spanning over 3DFFH, the device will do nothing. The user can develop own ISP program, and put it into the embedded flash that addressed from 3000H, 3400H, or 3800H, meanwhile configure OR0[5:4], and set OR0[3] to 0, and to direct the device to boot from own ISP code. If there is requirement from the user’s application program to store nonvolatile parameters, the user can allocate part of the embedded flash as IAP memory by configure OR1 [7:1]. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 19 Functional Description I/O Port Configuration All 27 port pins on MPC82x54A may be independently configured to one of four modes: quasi-bidirectional (standard 8051 port output), push-pull output, open-drain output or input-only. All port pins default to quasi-bidirectional after reset. Each port pin has a Schmitt-triggered input for improved input noise rejection. During power-down, all the Schmitt-triggered inputs are disabled with the exception of P3.2 and P3.3, which may be used to wake-up the device. Therefore P3.2 and P3.3 should not be left floating during power-down. There are several special function registers designed to configure those I/O ports. SFR: P0M0 (P0 Configuration 0) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 P0M03 Bit-2 P0M02 Bit-1 P0M01 Bit-0 P0M00 SFR: P0M1 (P0 Configuration 1) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 P0M13 Bit-2 P0M12 Bit-1 P0M11 Bit-0 P0M10 SFR: P1M0 (P1 Configuration 0) Bit-7 P1M07 Bit-6 P1M06 Bit-5 P1M05 Bit-4 P1M04 Bit-3 P1M03 Bit-2 P1M02 Bit-1 P1M01 Bit-0 P1M00 SFR: P1M1 (P1 Configuration 1) Bit-7 P1M17 Bit-6 P1M16 Bit-5 P1M15 Bit-4 P1M14 Bit-3 P1M13 Bit-2 P1M12 Bit-1 P1M11 Bit-0 P1M10 SFR: P2M0 (P2 Configuration 0) Bit-7 P2M07 Bit-6 P2M06 Bit-5 P2M05 Bit-4 P2M04 Bit-3 P2M03 Bit-2 P2M02 Bit-1 P2M01 Bit-0 P2M00 SFR: P2M1 (P2 Configuration 1) Bit-7 P2M17 Bit-6 P2M16 Bit-5 P2M15 Bit-4 P2M14 Bit-3 P2M13 Bit-2 P2M12 Bit-1 P2M11 Bit-0 P2M10 SFR: P3M0 (P3 Configuration 0) Bit-7 P3M07 Bit-6 P3M06 Bit-5 P3M05 Bit-4 P3M04 Bit-3 P3M03 Bit-2 P3M02 Bit-1 P3M01 Bit-0 P3M00 20 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN SFR: P3M1 (P3 Configuration 1) Bit-7 P3M17 Bit-6 P3M16 Bit-5 P3M15 Bit-4 P3M14 Bit-3 P3M13 Bit-2 P3M12 Bit-1 P3M11 Bit-0 P3M10 Configuration of I/O port PxM0n 0 0 1 1 (x = 0, 1, 2 or 3 PxM1n 0 1 0 1 Port Mode Quasi-bidirectional (default) Push-Pull output Input Only (High-impedance) Open-Drain Output n = 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 or 0) Quasi-bidirectional Mode Port pins in quasi-bidirectional output mode function similar to the standard 8051 port pins. A quasi-bidirectional port can be used as an input and output without the need to reconfigure the port. This is possible because when the port outputs a logic high, it is weakly driven, allowing an external device to pull the pin low. When the pin outputs low, it is driven strongly and able to sink a large current. There are three pull-up transistors in the quasi-bidirectional output that serve different purposes. One of these pull-ups, called the “very weak” pull-up, is turned on whenever the port register for the pin contains a logic “1”. This very weak pull-up sources a very small current that will pull the pin high if it is left floating. A second pull-up, called the “weak” pull-up, is turned on when the port register for the pin contains a logic “1” and the pin itself is also at a logic “1” level. This pull-up provides the primary source current for a quasi-bidirectional pin that is outputting a ‘1’. If this pin is pulled low by the external device, this weak pull-up turns off, and only the very weak pull-up remains on. In order to pull the pin low under these conditions, the external device has to sink enough current to over-power the weak pull-up and pull the port pin below its input threshold voltage. The third pull-up is referred to as the “strong” pull-up. This pull-up is used to speed up low-to-high transitions on a quasi-bidirectional port pin when the port register changes from a logic “0” to a logic “1”. When this occurs, the strong pull-up turns on for two CPU clocks, quickly pulling the port pin high. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 21 VDD 2 clocks delay Strong VDD VDD Weak Very weak Port pin Port latch data Input data Open-drain Output The open-drain output configuration turns off all pull-ups and only drives the pull-down transistor of the port pin when the port register contains a logic “0”. To use this configuration in application, a port pin must have an external pull-up, typically tied to VDD. The input path of the port pin in this configuration is the same as quasi-bidirectional mode. Port pin Port latch data Input data Input-only Mode The input-only configuration is a Schmitt-triggered input without any pull-up resistors on the pin. Input data Port pin 22 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Push-pull Output The push-pull output configuration has the same pull-down structure as both the open-drain and the quasi-bidirectional output modes, but provides a continuous strong pull-up when the port register contains a logic “1”. The push-pull mode may be used when more source current is needed from a port output. VDD Port latch data Port pin Input data MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 23 Timer/Counter MPC82x54A has two 16-bit timers, and they are named T0 and T1. Each of them can also be used as a general event counter, which counts the transition from 1 to 0. Since the MPC82x54A is a RISC-like MCU which executes faster than traditional 80C51 MCU from other providers. Based on consideration of compatibility with traditional 80C51 MCUs, the frequency of the clock source for T0 and T1 is designed to be selectable between oscillator frequency divided-by-12 (default) or oscillator frequency. The user can configure T0/T1 to work under mode-0, mode-1, mode-2 and mode-3. It is entirely identical to the traditional 80C51 MCU. There are two SFR designed to configure timers T0 and T1. They are TMOD, and TCON. The user also should take a glance of SFR AUXR which determine the frequency of the clock source driving the T0 and T1. SFR: TMOD (Timer Mode Control Register) Bit-7 GATE Bit-6 C//T Bit-5 M1 Bit-4 M0 Bit-3 GATE Bit-2 C//T Bit-1 M1 Bit-0 M0 (for timer1 use) GATE: = Gating control (for timer0 use) 0:= (default) Timer x is enabled whenever “TRx” control bit is set. 1:= Timer/Counter x is enabled only while “/INTx” pin is high and “TRx” control bit is set. C//T: = Timer or Counter function selector. 0: =timer, 1: =counter 0:= (default) Configure Tx as Timer use 1:= Configure Tx as Counter use {M1, M0}: mode select {0, 0}: = Configure Tx as 13-bit timer/counter {0, 1}: = Configure Tx as 16-bit timer/counter {1, 0}: = Configure Tx as 8-bit timer/counter with automatic reload capability {1, 1}: = for T0, set TL0 as 8-bit timer/counter, TH0 is locked into 8-bit timer for T1, set Timer/Counter1 Stopped 24 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN SFR: TCON (Timer/Counter Control Register) Bit-7 TF1 Bit-6 TR1 Bit-5 TF0 Bit-4 TR0 Bit-3 IE1 Bit-2 IT1 Bit-1 IE0 Bit-0 IT0 TF1: = Timer1 overflow flag. This bit is automatically set by hardware on T1 overflow, and will be automatically cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine. TR1: = Timer1 run control bit. 0:= (default) Stop T1 counting 1:= Start T1 counting TF0: = Timer0 overflow flag. This bit is automatically set by hardware on T0 overflow, and will be automatically cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine. TR0: = Timer0 run control bit. 0:= (default) Stop T0 counting 1:= Start T0 counting IE1: = External Interrupt-1 flag. This bit is automatically set by hardware on interrupt from the external interrupt-1, and will be automatically cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine. IT1: = Interrupt-1 type control bit. 0:= (default) Set the interrupt-1 triggered by low duty from pin EX1 1:= Set the interrupt-1 triggered by negative falling edge from pin EX1 IE0: = External Interrupt-0 flag. This bit is automatically set by hardware on interrupt from the external interrupt-0, and will be automatically cleared by hardware when the processor vectors to the interrupt routine. IT0: = Interrupt-0 type control bit. 0:= (default) Set the interrupt-0 triggered by low duty from pin EX0 1:= Set the interrupt-0 triggered by negative falling edge from pin EX0 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 25 SFR: AUXR (Auxiliary Register) Bit-7 T0X12 Bit-6 T1X12 Bit-5 URM0X6 Bit-4 EADCI Bit-3 ESPI Bit-2 ENLVFI Bit-1 Bit-0 - T0X12: = T0 clock source selector 0:= (default) Set the frequency of the clock source for T0 as the oscillator frequency divided-by-12. It will compatible to the traditional 80C51 MCU. 1:= Set the frequency of the clock source for T0 as the oscillator frequency. It will drive the T0 faster than a traditional 80C51 MCU. T1X12: = T1 clock source selector 0:= (default) Set the frequency of the clock source for T1 as the oscillator frequency divided-by-12. It will compatible to the traditional 80C51 MCU. 1:= Set the frequency of the clock source for T1 as the oscillator frequency. It will drive the T1 faster than a traditional 80C51 MCU. URM0X6: = Baud rate selector of UART while it is working under Mode-0 0:= (default) Set the baud rate of the UART functional block as oscillator frequency divided-by-12. It will compatible to the traditional 80C51 MCU. 1:= Set the baud rate of the UART functional block as oscillator frequency divided-by-2. It will transmit/receive data faster than a traditional 80C51 MCU. EADCI: = Enable/Disable interrupt from A/D converter 0:= (default) Inhibit the ADC functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU 1:= Enable the ADC functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU ESPI: = Enable/Disable interrupt from Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) 0:= (default) Inhibit the SPI functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU 1:= Enable the SPI functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU ENLVFI: = Enable/Disable interrupt from low-voltage sensor 0:= (default) Inhibit the low-voltage sensor functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU 1:= Enable the low-voltage sensor functional block to generate interrupt to the MCU 26 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Mode 0 The timer register is configured as a 13-bit register. As the count rolls over from all 1s to all 0s, it sets the timer interrupt flag TFx. The counted input is enabled to the timer when TRx = 1 and either GATE=0 or INTx = 1. Mode 0 operation is the same for Timer0 and Timer1. OSC/12 OSC AUXR.x 0 1 T0 or T1 pin (sampled) C //T TRx GATE /INTx 0 1 0 1 TLx[4:0] THx[7:0] TFx Interrupt Mode 1 Mode1 is the same as Mode0, except that the timer register is being run with all 16 bits. OSC/12 OSC AUXR.x 0 1 T0 or T1 pin (sampled) C //T TRx GATE /INTx 0 1 0 1 TLx[7:0] THx[7:0] TFx Interrupt Mode 2 Mode 2 configures the timer register as an 8-bit counter (TLx) with automatic reload. Overflow from TLx does not only set TFx, but also reloads TLx with the content of THx, which is determined by user’s program. The reload leaves THx unchanged. Mode 2 operation is the same for Timer0 and Timer1. OSC/12 OSC AUXR.x 0 1 T0 or T1 pin (sampled) C //T TRx GATE /INTx THx [7:0] 0 1 Reload 0 1 TLx [7:0] TFx Interrupt MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 27 Mode 3 Timer1 in Mode3 simply holds its count, and the effect is the same as setting TR1 = 1. Timer0 in Mode 3 enables TL0 and TH0 as two separate 8-bit counters. TL0 uses the Timer0 control bits such like C/T, GATE, TR0, INT0 and TF0. TH0 is locked into a timer function (can not be external event counter), and take over the use of TR1, TF1 from Timer1. TH0 now controls the Timer1 interrupt. OSC/12 OSC AUXR.x 0 1 Sampled T0 pin C //T TR0 GATE /INT0 0 1 0 1 TL0 [7:0] TF0 Interrupt OSC/12 OSC AUXR.x 0 1 TR1 0 1 TH0 [7:0] TF1 Interrupt 28 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Interrupt There are seven interrupt sources available in MPC82x54A. Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in the SFR named IE. This register also contains a global disable bit (EA), which can be cleared to disable all interrupts at once. Each interrupt source has two corresponding bits to represent its priority. One is located in SFR named IPH, and the other in IP register. Higher-priority interrupt will be not interrupted by lower-priority interrupt request. If two interrupt requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously, the request of higher priority is serviced. If interrupt requests of the same priority level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determine which request is serviced. The following table shows the internal polling sequence in the same priority level and the interrupt vector address. Source External interrupt 0 Timer 0 External interrupt 1 Timer1 Serial Port SPI/ADC PCA/LVF The external interrupt INT0, Vector address 03H 0BH 13H 1BH 23H 2BH 33H and INT1 can each Priority within level 1 (highest) 2 3 4 5 6 7 be either level-activated or transition-activated, depending on bits IT0 and IT1 in register TCON. The flags that actually generate these interrupts are bits IE0 and IE1 in TCON. When an external interrupt is generated, the flag, that generated it, is cleared by the hardware as soon as the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was transition –activated. Then the external requesting source is what controls the request flag, rather than the on-chip hardware. The Timer0 and Timer1 interrupts are generated by TF0 and TF1, which are set by a rollover in their respective Timer/Counter registers in most cases. When a timer interrupt is generated, the flag, that generated it, is cleared by the on-chip hardware as soon as the service routine is vectored to. The serial port interrupt is generated by the logical OR of RI and TI. Neither of these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. The service routine should poll RI and TI to determine which one to request service, and it will be cleared by software. The 2BH interrupt is shared by the logical OR of SPI interrupt and ADC interrupt. Neither of these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. The service routine should poll them to determine which one to request service and it will be cleared by software. The 33H interrupt is shared by the logical OR of PCA interrupt and LVD(Low-Voltage Detector) MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 29 interrupt. Neither of these flags is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to. The service routine should poll them to determine which one to request service and it will be cleared by software. All of the bits that generate interrupts can be set or cleared by software with the same result as done through it by hardware. In other words, interrupts or pending interrupts can be generated or canceled in software. The following content describes several SFR related to interrupt mechanism. SFR: IE (Interrupt Enable) Bit-7 EA Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 ES Bit-3 ET1 Bit-2 EX1 Bit-1 ET0 Bit-0 EX0 EPCA_LVD ESPI_ADC EA:=Global interrupt controller. 0:=(default) Disable all interrupts 1:= Release interrupt control to all individual interrupt controllers. EPCA_LVD:=Interrupt controller of Programmable Counter Array (PCA) and Low-Voltage Detector 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable ESPI_ADC:= Interrupt controller of Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and A/D Converter (ADC). 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable ES:=Interrupt controller of Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART). 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable ET1:=Interrupt controller of Timer-1 interrupt. 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable EX1:=Interrupt controller of external interrupt-1. 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable 30 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN ET0:=Interrupt controller of Timer-0 interrupt. 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable EX0:=Interrupt controller of external interrupt-0. 0:=(default) Disable 1:= Enable SFR: IP (Interrupt Priority Low) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 PS Bit-3 PT1 Bit-2 PX1 Bit-1 PT0 Bit-0 PX0 PPCA_LVD PSPI_ADC PPCA_LVD := PSPI_ADC := PS := PT1 := PX1 := PT0 := PX0 := If set, Set priority for PCA /LVF interrupt higher If set, Set priority for SPI/ADC interrupt higher If set, Set priority for serial port interrupt higher(UART) If set, Set priority for timer1 interrupt higher If set, Set priority for external interrupt 1 higher If set, Set priority for timer0 interrupt higher If set, Set priority for external interrupt 0 higher SFR: IPH (Interrupt Priority High) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 PSH Bit-3 PT1H Bit-2 PX1H Bit-1 PT0H Bit-0 PX0H PPCAH_LVD PSPIH_ADC PPCAH_LVD:= PSPIH_ADC := PSH := PT1H := PX1H := PT0H := PX0H := If set, Set priority for PCA /LVF interrupt higher If set, Set priority for SPI/ADC interrupt higher If set, Set priority for serial port interrupt higher(UART) If set, Set priority for timer1 interrupt higher If set, Set priority for external interrupt 1 higher If set, Set priority for timer0 interrupt higher If set, Set priority for external interrupt 0 higher IP and IPH are combined to form 4-level priority interrupt as the following table. Priority {IPH.x , IP.x} Level 11 1 (highest) 10 2 01 3 00 4 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 31 Highest Priority Level Interrupt IE Register IPH and IP Registers / IN T0 TF0 IE0 /IN T1 TF1 RI TI SPI ESPI IE1 Interrupt Polling Sequence A UXR.3 ADCI EADCI A UXR.4 Individual Enable CCF0 ECCF0 CCF1 ECCF1 CCF2 ECCF2 CCF3 ECCF3 CF ECF LVF ENLVFI Global Enable Lowest Priority Level Interrupt Interrupt Control Block 32 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Watch Dog Timer The watch dog timer in MPC82x54A consists of an 8-bit pre-scalar timer and a 15-bit timer. The timer is one-time enabled by setting ENW. Clearing ENW can not stop WDT counting. When the WDT is enabled, software should always reset the timer by writing 1 to CLRW bit before the WDT overflows. If MPC82x54A is out of control by any disturbance, that means the CPU can not run the software normally then WDT may miss the “writing 1 to CLRW” and overflow will come. WDT overflow reset the CPU to restart. Associated with the WDTCR SFR, a NVM option register bytes named OR3 are designed to enable WDT and initiate WDTCR with initial states. See Option Register description to know in more details. 1/256 1/128 1/64 1/32 1/16 1/8 1/4 1/2 8-bit prescalar 15-bit timer Fosc/12 IDLE WRF - ENW CLRW WIDL PS2 PS1 PS0 WDTCR Register To make good use of the watch-dog-timer, the user should take notice on SFR WDTCR. SFR: WDTCR (WDT Control Register) Bit-7 WRF Bit-6 Bit-5 ENW Bit-4 CLRW Bit-3 WIDL Bit-2 PS2 Bit-1 PS1 Bit-0 PS0 WRF: = When WDT overflows, this bit is set. It can be cleared by software. ENW: = Control bit to enable Watch-Dog-Timer. (One-time enabled, can not be disabled) 0:= (default) Disable Watch Dog Timer 1:= Enable Watch Dog Timer start counting CLRW: = Set this bit to recount WDT. Hardware will automatically clear this bit. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 33 WIDL: = Behavior controller of the WDT while the device is put under idle 0:= (default) Stop Watch Dog Timer counting 1:= Keep Watch Dog Timer counting (so further reset could happen) {PS2, PS1, PS0 }: selector of the WDT pre-scalar output. {0, 0, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 2 {0, 0, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 4 {0, 1, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 8 {0, 1, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 16 {1, 0, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 32 {1, 0, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 64 {1, 1, 0}: = set the pre-scaling value 128 {1, 1, 1}: = set the pre-scaling value 256 34 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Universal Asynchronous Serial Port (UART) The serial port of MPC82x54A is duplex. It can transmit and receive simultaneously. The receiving and transmitting of the serial port share the same SFR SBUF, but actually there are two SBUF registers implemented in the chip. One is for transmitting and the other is for receiving. The serial port can be operated in 4 different modes. Mode 0 Generally, this mode purely is used to extend the I/O features of this device. Operating under this mode, the device receives the serial data or transmits the serial data via pin RXD while there is a clock stream shifted via pin TXD which makes convenient for external synchronization. An 8-bit data is serially transmitted/received with LSB first. The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 the oscillator frequency. If AUXR.5 (URM0X6) is set, the baud rate is 1/2 oscillator frequency. Mode1 A 10-bits data is serially transmitted through pin TXD or received through pin RXD. The frame data includes a start bit (0), 8 data bits and a stop bit (1). After finishing a receiving, the device will keep the stop bit in RB8 which from SRF SCON. Baud Rate (for Mode 1) = 2 SMOD 32 X (Timer-1 overflow rate) Mode2 An 11-bit data is serially transmitted through TXD or received through RXD. The frame data includes a start bit (0), 8 data bits, a programmable 9th bit, and a stop bit (1). On transmit, the 9th data bit comes from TB8 in SFR SCON. On receive, the 9th data bit goes into RB8 in SCON. The baud rate is programmable, and permitted to be set either 1/32 or 1/64 the oscillator frequency. Baud Rate (for Mode 2) = 2 SMOD 64 X Fosc MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 35 Mode3 Mode 3 is the same as mode 2 except the baud rate is variable. Baud Rate (for Mode 3) = 2 SMOD 32 X (Timer-1 overflow rate) In all four modes, transmission is initiated by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. Reception is initiated in mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. Reception is initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit with 1-to-0 transition if REN=1. There are several SFRs related to serial port configuration described as following. SFR: SCON (Serial Control) Bit-7 SM0/FE Bit-6 SM1 Bit-5 SM2 Bit-4 REN Bit-3 TB8 Bit-2 RB8 Bit-1 TI Bit-0 RI FE:= Frame Error bit This bit is set by the receiver when an invalid stop bit is detected. The FE bit is not cleared by valid frames but should be cleared by software. The SMOD0 bit must be set to enable access to the FE bit. { SM0, SM1 }:= Used to set operating mode of the serial port. { 0, 0 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 0 { 0, 1 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 1 { 1, 0 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 2 { 1, 1 }:= set the serial port operate under Mode 3 SM2:= Enable the automatic address recognition feature in mode 2 and 3. If SM2=1, RI will not be set unless the received 9th data bit is 1, indicating an address, and the received byte is a Given or Broadcast address. In mode1, if SM2=1, RI will not be set unless a valid stop Bit was received, and the received byte is a Given or Broadcast address. REN:= Enable the serial port reception. 0:= (default) Disable the serial port reception. 1:= Enable the serial port reception. TB8:= The 9th data bit, which will be transmitted in Mode 2 and Mode 3. RB8:= In mode 2 and 3, the received 9th data bit will be put into this bit. TI:= Transmitting done flag. After a transmitting has been finished, the hardware will set this bit. RI:= Receive done flag. After reception has been finished, the hardware will set this bit. 36 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN SFR: SBUF (Serial Buffer) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 (data to be transmitted or received data) Frame Error Detection When used for frame error detect, the UART looks for missing stop bits in the communication. A missing bit will set the FE bit in the SCON register. The FE bit shares the SCON.7 bit with SM0 and the function of SCON.7 is determined by PCON.6 (SMOD0). If SMOD0 is set then SCON.7 functions as FE. When SMOD0 is cleared, SCON.7 functions as SM0. When used as FE, SCON.7 can only be cleared by software. Automatic Address Recognition There is an extra feature makes the device convenient to act as a master, which communicates to multiple slaves simultaneously. It is really Automatic Address Recognition. There are two SFR SADDR and SADEN implemented in the device. The user can read or write both of them. Finally, the hardware will make use of these two SFR to “generate” a “compared byte”. The formula specifies as following. Bit[ i ] of Compared Byte = (SADEN[ i ] == 1 )? SADDR[ i ] : x For example: Set SADDR = 11000000b Set SADEN = 11111101b The achieved “Compared Byte” will be “110000x0” (x means don’t care) For another example: Set SADDR = 11100000b Set SADEN = 11111010b The achieved “Compared Byte” will be “11100x0x” After the generic “Compared Byte” has been worked out, the MPC82x54A will make use of this byte to determine how to set the bit RI in SFR SCON. Normally, an UART will set bit RI whenever it has done a byte reception; but, for the UART in the MPC82x54A, if the bit SM2 is set, it will set RI according to the following formula. RI = (SM2 == 1) && (SBUF == Compared Byte) && (RB8 == 1) In other words, not all data reception will respond to RI while specific data does. By setting the SADDR and the SADEN, the user can filter out those data byte that doesn’t like to care. This feature brings great help to reduce software overhead. The above feature adapts to the serial port when operated in Mode1, Mode2, and Mode3. Dealing with Mode 0, the user can ignore it. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 37 Programmable Counter Array (PCA) The Programmable Counter Array is a special 16-bit Timer that has four 16-bit capture/compare modules associated with it. operate in one of four modes: rising and/or falling edge capture (calculator of duty length for high/low pulse) software timer high-speed output pulse width modulator Each module has a pin associated with it. Module-0 is connected to pin P3.7, module-1 to pin P3.5, module-2 to pin P2.0, module-3 to pin P2.4. The PCA timer is a common time base for all four modules and can be programmed to run at 1/12 the oscillator frequency, 1/2 the oscillator frequency, the Timer-0 overflow, or the input on pin ECI (P3.4). The timer count source is determined from CPS1 and CPS0 bits in the SFR CMOD. Each of the modules can be programmed to Module-0 Capture/Compare P3.7/CEX0 Register 16 Bit PCA Timer/Counter Module-1 Capture/Compare P3.5/CEX1 Register Module-2 Capture/Compare P2.0/CEX2 Register Module-3 Capture/Compare P2.4/CEX3 Register Programmable Counter Array In the CMOD SFR, there are two additional bits associated with the PCA. One of them is CIDL which determines if to stop the PCA while the MCU is put under idle. The other bit is ECF which controls if to pass the interrupt from PCA into the MCU. The CCON SFR contains the run control bit for PCA and several flags for the PCA timer and each module. To start the PCA counting, the CR bit (CCON.6) must be set by software; oppositely, clearing bit CR will shut off the PCA. There is a bit named CF in SFR CCON. The 38 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN CF bit (CCON.7) will be set when the PCA timer overflows, and an interrupt will be generated if the ECF (CMOD.0) is set. The CF bit can only be cleared by software. There are four bits named CCF0, CCF1, CCF2 and CCF3 in SFR CCON. Those bits serve as flags for module-0, module-1, module-2, and module-3 respectively. They are set by hardware when either a match or a capture occurs. These flags also can only be cleared by software. Fosc/12 To PCA module Fosc/2 CH Timer0 overflow CL PCA interrupt 16-bit counter External input ECI (P3.4) IDLE CIDL - - - CPS1 CPS0 ECF CMOD CF CR - - CCF3 CCF2 CCF1 CCF0 CCON PCA Timer/Counter SFR: CMOD (PCA Counter Mode Register) Bit-7 CIDL Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 CPS1 Bit-1 CPS0 Bit-0 ECF CIDL:= Behavior control of the PCA. 0:= (default) Disable counting of the PCA counter while the MCU is put under idle state. 1:= Enable counting of the PCA counter while the MCU is put under idle state. { CPS1, CPS0 }:= Used to select the clocking source for PCA counter { 0, 0 }:= set the frequency of the PCA counter clock source as oscillator’s frequency over 12 { 0, 1 }:= set the frequency of the PCA counter clock source as oscillator’s frequency over 2 { 1, 0 }:= set the PCA counter clock source as Timer-0 overflow { 1, 1 }:= set the PCA counter clock source as pin ECI(pin P3.4) ECF:= Control bit of deciding if to pass interrupt from PCA timer overflow to the MCU 0:= (default) Inhibit the interrupt from PCA timer to the MCU 1:= Permit the interrupt from PCA timer to the MCU SFR: CCON (PCA Counter Control Register) Bit-7 CF Bit-6 CR Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 CCF3 Bit-2 CCF2 Bit-1 CCF1 Bit-0 CCF0 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 39 CF := PCA Counter overflow Flag This bit must be set by hardware itself. It can be cleared by software program. CR := PCA Run control bit 0:= (default) Disable counting of the PCA counter 1:= Start counting of the PCA counter CCF3 := Module-3 interrupt Flag This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-3 occurs. It can be cleared by software program. A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare Register in the module-3. A capture means a specific edge from CEX3 happens, so the Capture/Compare register latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF3 is set. CCF2 := Module-2 interrupt Flag This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-2 occurs. It can be cleared by software program. A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare Register in the module-2. A capture means a specific edge from CEX2 happens, so the Capture/Compare register latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF2 is set. CCF1 := Module-1 interrupt Flag This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-1 occurs. It can be cleared by software program. A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare Register in the module-1. A capture means a specific edge from CEX1 happens, so the Capture/Compare register latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF1 is set. CCF0 := Module-0 interrupt Flag This bit must be set by hardware itself when a match or capture from module-0 occurs. It can be cleared by software program. A match means the value of the PCA counter equals the value of the Capture/Compare Register in the module-0. A capture means a specific edge from CEX0 happens, so the Capture/Compare register latches the value of the PCA counter, and the CCF0 is set. Each module in the PCA has a special function register associated with it: CCAPM0 for module-0, CCAPM1 for module-1, CCAPM2 for module-2 and CCAPM3 for module-3. The register contains those bits that control the mode in which each module will operate. The ECCFn bit controls if to pass the interrupt from CCFn flag in the CCON SFR to the MCU when a match or compare occurs in the associated module. PWMn enables the pulse width modulation mode. The TOGn bit when set causes the pin CEXn output associated with the module to toggle when there is a match between the PCA counter and the module’s Capture/Compare register. The match bit(MATn) when set will cause the CCFn bit in the CCON register to be set when there is a match between the PCA counter and the module’s Capture/Compare register. The next two bits CAPNn and CAPPn determine the edge type that a capture input will be active on. The CAPNn bit enables the negative edge, and the CAPPn bit enables the positive 40 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN edge. If both bits are set, both edges will be enabled, and a capture will occur for either transition. The bit ECOMn when set enables the comparator function. SFR: CL (PCA Counter Low Byte) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 SFR: CH (PCA Counter High Byte) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 SFR: CCAP0L (Low byte of PCA module-0 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 0 SFR: CCAP0H (High byte of PCA module-0 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 0 SFR: CCAP1L (Low byte of PCA module-1 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 1 SFR: CCAP1H (High byte of PCA module-1 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 1 SFR: CCAP2L (Low byte of PCA module-2 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 2 SFR: CCAP2H (High byte of PCA module-2 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 2 SFR: CCAP3L (Low byte of PCA module-3 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Low Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 3 SFR: CCAP3H (High byte of PCA module-3 Compare/Capture register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 High Byte of the Compare/ Capture register in PCA Module 3 SFR: CCAPM0 (PCA Module-0 Mode Register) Bit-7 Bit-6 ECOM0 Bit-5 CAPP0 Bit-4 CAPN0 Bit-3 MAT0 Bit-2 TOG0 Bit-1 PWM0 Bit-0 ECCF0 SFR: CCAPM1 (PCA Module-1 Mode Register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 41 - ECOM1 CAPP1 CAPN1 MAT1 TOG1 PWM1 ECCF1 SFR: CCAPM2 (PCA Module-2 Mode Register) Bit-7 Bit-6 ECOM2 Bit-5 CAPP2 Bit-4 CAPN2 Bit-3 MAT2 Bit-2 TOG2 Bit-1 PWM2 Bit-0 ECCF2 SFR: CCAPM3 (PCA Module-3 Mode Register) Bit-7 Bit-6 ECOM3 Bit-5 CAPP3 Bit-4 CAPN3 Bit-3 MAT3 Bit-2 TOG3 Bit-1 PWM3 Bit-0 ECCF3 ECOMn := used to determine if Enable Comparator 0:= (default) Disable the comparator function 1:= Enable the comparator function CAPPn := configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on Positive edge of EXIn or not 0:= (default) configure the module-n’s register not to latch the PCA counter on CEXn posedge. 1:= configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on CEXn posedge. CAPNn := configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on Negative edge of EXIn or not 0:= (default) configure the module-n’s register not to latch the PCA counter on pin CEXn negedge. 1:= configure the module-n’s register to latch the PCA counter on pin CEXn negedge. MATn := used to determine if set the bit CCFn in SFR CCON while a match from module-n occurs.. 0:= (default) Don’t set the bit CCFn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and module-n’s register. 1:= Set the bit CCFn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and module-n’s register. TOGn := Toggle the output pin 0:= (default) Don’t toggle the pin CEXn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and module-n’s register. 1:= Toggle the pin CEXn while a match occurs between the PCA counter and module-n’s register. PWMn := Enable plus width modulation mode n . 0:= (default) Inhibit the PWM functionality from module-n output to pin CEXn 1:= Enable the pin CEXn as the output of the PWM functionality from module-n ECCFn := Enable the CCFn flag in the CCON SFR to generate an interrupt. 0:= (default) Inhibit the interrupt (CCFn) from module-n to the MCU 1:= Permit the interrupt (CCFn) from module-n to the MCU 42 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Configure PCA Module ECOMn CAPPn CAPNn 0 X 0 1 0 0 MATn 0 0 TOGn 0 0 PWMn 0 0 ECCFn 0 X No operation 16-bit capture by a positive-edge trigger on CEXn X X 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 X X X X 0 16-bit capture by a negative trigger on CEXn 16-bit capture by a transition on CEXn 16-bit Software Timer 16-bit High Speed Output 8-bit PWM Module function PCA Capture Mode To use one of the PCA modules in the capture mode, one or both of bits CAPPn and CAPNn in SFR CCAPMn should be set. The external CEXn input for the module is sampled for a transition. When a valid transition occurs, the PCA hardware loads the value of the PCA counter register (CH and CL) into the module’s capture registers (CCAPnH and CCAPnL). If the bit CCFn for the module in the SFR CCON and the bit ECCFn in the SFR CCAPMn are set then an interrupt will be generated. CF CR - - CCF3 CCF2 CCF1 CCF0 CCON PCA interrupt CH CEX n CAPTURE CL CCAP n H CCAP n L - ECOMn CAPPn CAPNn MATn TOGn PWMn ECCFn MD n CON 0 0 0 0 PCA Capture Mode 16-bit Software Timer Mode The PCA modules can be used as software timers by setting both the ECOMn and MATn bits in the CCAPMn register. The PCA timer will be compared to the module’s capture registers, and when a match occurs an interrupt will be generated if the CCFn and ECCFn bits for the module are both set. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 43 High Speed Output Mode In this mode, the CEXn output (port latch) associated with the PCA module will toggle each time a match occurs between the PCA counter and the module’s capture registers. To activate this mode the TOGn, MATn, and ECOMn bits in the SFR CCAPMn must be set. Pulse Width Modulator Mode All of the PCA modules can be used as PWM outputs. The frequency of the output depends on the PCA counter. All of the modules will have the same frequency of output because they all share the PCA counter. The duty cycle of each module is independently variable using the module’s capture register CCAPnL [7:0] and bits EPCnL in SFR PCAPWMn. When the value of the SFR CL is less than the value in the module’s {EPCnL, CCAPnL [7:0]}, the output will be low. When it is equal to or greater than, the output will be high. When CL overflows from FFH to 00H, {EPCnL, CCAPnL [7:0]} is reloaded with the value in {EPCnH, CCAPnH [7:0]}. That allows smoothly updating the PWM duty without glitches. The bits PWMn and ECOMn bits in the CCAPMn must be set to enable the PWM mode. SFR: PCAPWM0 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 0 ) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 EPC0H Bit-0 EPC0L SFR: PCAPWM1 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 1) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 EPC1H Bit-0 EPC1L SFR: PCAPWM2 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 2) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 EPC2H Bit-0 EPC2L SFR: PCAPWM3 (PCA PWM Mode Auxiliary Register 3) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 EPC3H Bit-0 EPC3L EPCnL := concatenated with CCAPnL, used to control the duty of the PWM output The bit EPCnL is going to be combined with CCAPnL to form a 9-bit data which will be compared with PCA counter low byte CL, so to determine the duty of the module-n’s PWM output. If {CL[7:0]} < { EPCnL, CCAPnL[7:0]} , PWM output LOW else PWM output HIGH EPCnH := Reloaded value of EPCnL while CL[7:0] counts from FFH to 00H 44 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Write to CCAPnL Write to CCAPnH CF CR - - CCF3 CCF2 CCF1 CCF0 CCON 0 1 PCA interrupt CCAPnH CCAPnL To CCFn Enable 16-bit comparator MATCH CH CL - ECOMn CAPPn CAPNn MATn TOGn PWMn ECCFn CCAPMn 0 0 0 0 PCA Software Timer Mode Write to CCAPnL Write to CCAPnH CF CR - - CCF3 CCF2 CCF1 CCF0 CCON 0 1 PCA interrupt CCAPnH CCAPnL To CCFn Toggle Enable 16-bit comparator MATCH CEXn CH CL - ECOMn CAPPn CAPNn MATn TOGn PWMn ECCFn CCAPMn 0 0 1 0 PCA High-Speed Ouput Mode MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 45 EPCnH CCAPnH 0 {0, C L [7:0]} < {E P C n L , C C A P n L[7 :0]} EPCnL CCAPnL {0, C L [7:0 ]} >= {EP C n L, C C A P n L[7:0 ]} CEXn 1 E n able 9-B IT COMPARATOR 0 CL C L overflow ECOMn C A P Pn CAPNn M A Tn TO G n PW Mn E C C Fn CCAPM n 0 0 0 0 0 P C A P W M m ode 46 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) The device provides another high-speed serial communication interface, the SPI interface. The SPI is a full-duplex, high-speed, synchronous communication bus with two operation modes: Master mode and Slave mode. Up to 3Mbit/s can be supported in either Master or Slave mode under the Fosc=12MHz. Two status flags are provided to signal the transfer completion and write-collision occurrence. Shift In Register Clock Divider Fosc 4, 16, 64 128 Shift Out Register I/O control P1.6 (MISO) P1.5 (MOSI) P1.7 (SPICLK) SPI Control P1.4 (SS) SSIG SPEN DORD MSTR CPOL CPHA SPR1 SPR0 SPICTL SPIF WCOL - SPISTAT SPI block diagram There are three pins implementing the SPI functionality. One of them is SPICLK (P1.7), next is MISO (P1.6), and the last is MOSI (P1.5). An extra pin SS (P1.4) is designed to configure the SPI to run under Master or Slave mode. Data flows from master to slave via MOSI (Master Out Slave In) pin, and flows from slave to master via MISO (Master In Slave Out) pin. The SPICLK plays as an output pin when the device works under Master mode. At the same time, as an input pin when the device works under Slave mode. If the SPI system is disabled, i.e., SPEN (SPICTL.6) =0, these pins are configured as general-purposed I/O port (P1.4 ~ P1.7). Two devices with SPI interface communicate with each other via one synchronous clock signal, i.e., one input data signal, and one output data signal. There are two concerns the user could take care. One of them is latching data on the negative edge or positive edge of the clock signal which named polarity. And the other is keeping the clock signal low or high while the device idle which named phase. Permuting those states from polarity and phase, there MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 47 could be four modes formed, they are SPI-MODE-0, SPI-MODE-1, SPI-MODE-2, and SPI-MODE-3. Many device declares that they meet SPI mechanism, but few of them are adaptive to all four modes. The MPC82x54A is flexible enough to be configured to communicate to another device with MODE-0, MODE-1, MODE-2 or MODE-3 SPI, and play part of Master and Slave. There is a SFR named SPICTL designed to configure the SPI behavior of the device. SFR: SPICTL (SPI Control register) Bit-7 SSIG Bit-6 SPEN Bit-5 DORD Bit-4 MSTR Bit-3 CPOL Bit-2 CPHA Bit-1 SPR1 Bit-0 SPR0 SSIG: = used to determine if Ignore the pin SS 0: = (default) Reserve the function of pin SS 1: = Ignore the SS pin function SPEN: = Enable the SPI 0: = (default) Disable the SPI function. All related pins play as general-purposed I/O ports. 1: = Enable the SPI function. DORD: = Data Order 0: = (default) Transmit/Receive the MSB of the data byte first. 1: = Transmit/Receive the LSB of the data byte first. MSTR: = Set to Master mode 0: = (default) Set the SPI to play as Slave part. 1: = Set the SPI to play as Master part. CPOL: = Clock Polarity 0: = (default) Set the SPICLK as LOW while the communication is kept idle. That implies the leading edge of the clock is the rising edge, and the trailing edge is the falling edge. 1: = Set the SPICLK as HIGH while the communication is kept idle. That implies the leading edge of the clock is the falling edge, and the trailing edge is the falling rising edge. CPHA: = Clock Phase 0: = (default) Data is driven when pin SS is low and changes on the trailing edge of SPICLK, and is sampled on the leading edge. (This setting is only valid while SSIG==0.) 1: = Data is driven on the leading edge of SPICLK, and is sampled on the trailing edge. {SPR1, SPR0}: = SPI clock Rate selector {0,0}: = (default) Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 4. {0,1}: = Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 16. 48 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN {1,0}: = Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 64. {1,1}: = Set the clock rate of the SPI as the frequency of the clock source over 128. There are two extra SFRs make relation with SPI application. SFR: SPIDAT (SPI Data register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Data to be transmitted or Data received The SFR SPIDAT holds the data to be transmitted or the data received. SFR: SPISTAT (SPI Status register) Bit-7 SPIF Bit-6 WCOL Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 - SPIF: = SPI transfer completion flag. When a serial transfer finishes, the SPIF bit is set and an interrupt is generated if both the ESPI (IE.5) bit and the EA (IE.7) bit are set. If SS is an input and is driven low when SPI is in master mode with SSIG=0, SPIF will also be set to signal the “mode change”. The SPIF is cleared in software by “writing 1 to this bit”. WCOL: = SPI Write Collision flag The WCOL bit is set if the SPI data register SPIDAT is written during a data transfer. The WCOL flag is cleared in software by “writing 1 to this bit”. Configure the device to Master/Slave mode SPEN SSIG 0 X 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 SS X 0 1 0 1 X X MSTR X 0 0 1→0 1 0 1 Mode SPI disable Active Salve InActive Slave slave Master Slave Master MISO GPI/O output Hi-Z output input output input MOSI GPI/O input input input output input output SPICLK GPI/O input input input output input output Remark SPI is disabled. Selected as slave Not selected. Convert from Master to Slave SPICLK depends on CPOL Slave Master MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 49 Typical Connection MISO MOSI MISO MOSI Master SPICLK SPICLK SS Slave Port Pin SPI single master single slave configurartion MISO MOSI MISO MOSI Master/Slave SPICLK SPICLK SS Slave/Master SS SPI dual device configuarion, where either can be a master or a slave MISO MOSI SPICLK MISO MOSI Slave #1 SPICLK SS Port Pin 1 Master MISO MOSI Slave #2 SPICLK Port Pin 2 SS SPI single master multiple slaves configurartion 50 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Communication In SPI, transfers are always initiated by the master. If the SPI is enabled (SPEN=1) and selected as master, any instruction that use SPI data register SPIDAT as the destination will starts the SPI clock generator and a data transfer. The data will start to appear on MOSI about one half SPI bit-time to one SPI bit-time after it. Before starting the transfer, the master may select a slave by driving the SS pin of the corresponding device low. Data written to the SPIDAT register of the master shifted out of MOSI pin of the master to the MOSI pin of the slave. And, at the same time, the data in SPIDAT register of the selected slave is shifted out of MISO pin to the MISO pin of the master. During one byte transfer, data in the master and in the slave is interchanged. After shifting one byte, the transfer completion flag (SPIF) is set and an interrupt will be created if the SPI interrupt is enabled. If SPEN=1, SSIG=0, SS pin=1 and MSTR=1, the SPI is enabled in master mode. Before the instruction that use SPIDAT as the destination register, the master is in idle state and can be selected as slave device by any other master drives the idle master SS pin low. Once this happened, MSTR bit of the idle master is cleared by hardware and changes its state to a selected slave. User software should always check the MSTR bit. If this bit is cleared by the mode change of SS pin and if the user wants to continue to use the SPI as a master later, the user must set the MSTR bit again; otherwise, it will always stay in slave mode. The SPI is single buffered in transmit direction and double buffered in receive direction. New data for transmission can not be written to the shift register until the previous transaction is complete. The WCOL bit is set to signal data collision when the data register is written during transaction. In this case, the data currently being transmitted will continue to be transmitted, but the new data which causing the collision will be lost. For receiving data, received data is transferred into a internal parallel read data buffer so that the shift register is free to accept a second byte. However, the received byte must be read from the data register (SPIDAT) before the next byte has been completely transferred. Otherwise the previous byte is lost. WCOL can be cleared in software by “writing 1 to the bit”. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 51 Typical Timing Diagram Clock Cycle SPICLK(CPOL=0) Driven from Master 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SPICLK(CPOL=1) Driven from Master MOSI (input) Driven from Master DORD=0 DORD=1 MSB LSB 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB MOSI turns to input DORD=0 DORD=1 MISO (output) MSB LSB MISO turns to output 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB SS pin (if SSIG bit = 0 ) Driven from Master SPI slave transfer format with CPHA=0 Clock Cycle SPICLK(CPOL=0) Driven from Master 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SPICLK(CPOL=1) Driven from Master MOSI (input) Driven from Master DORD=0 DORD=1 MSB LSB 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB MOSI turns to input DORD=0 DORD=1 MISO (output) MSB LSB MISO turns to output 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB SS pin (if SSIG bit = 0 ) Driven from Master SPI slave transfer format with CPHA=1 Clock Cycle SPICLK is strongly output-driving. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SPICLK(CPOL=0) SPICLK(CPOL=1) SPEN=1 and MSTR=1, MOSI turns to output data MISO turns to input data SPEN=0 or MSTR=0, MOSI switched not to output data of SPI communication, also SPICLK is released from SPI control MOSI (Output) DORD=0 DORD=1 MSB LSB 6 1 MOV SPDAT,#data in software 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB MISO (Input) Driven from the target slave DORD=0 DORD=1 MSB LSB 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB Target slave SS pin Control GPIO pin by software SS pin( if SSIG=0) SPI master transfer format with CPHA=0 52 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Clock Cycle SPICLK is strongly output-driving. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SPICLK(CPOL=0) SPICLK(CPOL=1) SPEN=1 and MSTR=1, MOSI turns to output data MISO turns to input data SPEN=0 or MSTR=0, MOSI switched not to output data of SPI communication, also SPICLK is released from SPI control MOSI (Output) DORD=0 DORD=1 MSB LSB 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB MOV SPDAT,#data in software MISO (Input) Driven from the target slave DORD=0 DORD=1 MSB LSB 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 2 5 1 6 LSB MSB Target slave SS pin Control GPIO pin by software SS pin( if SSIG=0) SPI master transfer format with CPHA=1 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 53 Analog to Digital Converter ADCTL Register ADCON SPEED1 SPEED0 ADCI ADCS CHS2 CHS1 CHS0 ADCVL Register B1 B0 ADCV Register P1.7(AIN7) P1.6(AIN6) P1.5(AIN5) P1.4(AIN4) P1.3(AIN3) P1.2(AIN2) P1.1(AIN1) P1.0(AIN0) B9 B8 B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 + Successive Approximation Regiter Comparator 10-bit DAC 10 The ADC on MPC82x54A is an 10-bit resolution, successive-approximation approach, and medium-speed A/D converter. VREFP / VREFM is the positive/negative reference voltage input for internal voltage-scaling DAC use, and the typical sink current on it is 600uA ~ 1mA. For MPC82x54A, these two references are internally tied to VDD and GND, separately. Conversion is invoked since ADCS bit is set. Prior to ADC conversion, the desired I/O ports for analog inputs should be configured as input-only or open-drain mode first. The conversion takes around a fourth cycles to sample analog input data and other three fourths cycles in successive-approximation steps. Total conversion time is controlled by two register bits – SPEED1 and SPEED0. Analog input source comes from P1.x, one of the eight-channels is multiplexed by analog multiplexer into the comparator. When conversion is completed, the result will be saved onto {ADCV[7:0], ADCVL[1:0]} register. After the result has been loaded onto {ADCV[7:0], ADCVL[1:0]} register, ADCI will be set. ADCI associated with its enable register AUXR.4(EADCI), shares ESPI bit with SPI block to control the interrupt. ADCI should be cleared in software. The ADC interrupt service routine vectors to 2BH . When the chip enters idle mode or power-down mode, the power of ADC is turned off by hardware. Vin – VREFM {ADCV,ADCVL[1:0] = 1024 X VREFP - VREFM 54 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN SFR: ADCTL (ADC Control register) Bit-7 ADCON ADCON := Bit-6 SPEED1 Bit-5 SPEED0 Bit-4 ADCI Bit-3 ADCS Bit-2 CHS2 Bit-1 CHS1 Bit-0 CHS0 When clear shut down the power of ADC block. When set turn on the power of ADC block. {SPEED1, SPEED0}:= Conversion speed selector {0,0}:= (default) A conversion takes 1080 clock cycles {0,1}:= A conversion takes 810 clock cycles {1,0}:= A conversion takes 540 clock cycles {1,1}:= A conversion takes 270 clock cycles ADCS := ADC Start control Set to start an A/D conversion. It will be automatically cleared by the device after the device has finished the conversion. ADCI := ADC Interrupt flag It will be set by the device after the device has finished a conversion, and should be cleared by the user’s software. {CHS2, CHS1, CHS0} := Input Channel Selector {0,0,0}:= (default) Set P1.0 as the A/D channel input {0,0,1}:= Set P1.1 as the A/D channel input {0,1,0}:= Set P1.2 as the A/D channel input {0,1,1}:= Set P1.3 as the A/D channel input {1,0,0}:= Set P1.4 as the A/D channel input {1,0,1}:= Set P1.5 as the A/D channel input {1,1,0}:= Set P1.6 as the A/D channel input {1,1,1}:= Set P1.7 as the A/D channel input SFR: ADCV (ADC Result Register): Bit-7 ADCV.9 Bit-6 ADCV.8 Bit-5 ADCV.7 Bit-4 ADCV.6 Bit-3 ADCV.5 Bit-2 ADCV.4 Bit-1 ADCV.3 Bit-0 ADCV.2 SFR: ADCVL (ADC Result Low): Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 ADCV.1 Bit-0 ADCV.0 The {ADCV[7:0], ADCVL[1:0]} is the final result from the A/D conversion. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 55 Built-In Oscillator There is an oscillator built in the MPC82x54A which can be used as the oscillating source replacing the external crystal oscillator in some specific applications. To enable the built-in oscillator, an user must configure the device by clearing(enable) the bit ENROSC in NVM register OR2 via a general writer. Making use of the built-in oscillator saves the cost of a crystal oscillator. Typically, the frequency of the built-in oscillator is designed as 6 MHz at 25 ℃. Dealing with temperature variation, the frequency could vary from 4.2 MHz to 7.8 MHz (~30%). It is designed for applications which don’t ask very precise oscillating frequency. Power-Up and Low Voltage Detector and Reset This device will never start to work until the power supply reach about 3.3V/1.9V(Operate in the 5V/3V); however, that is not stable voltage supply to provide well writing for the embedded flash. There is a Low-Voltage detector(LVD) built in this device. While the voltage supply is dropping cross about 3.7V/2.3V(Operate in the 5V/3V) for Fosc=12MHz, the LVD will set bit LVF(PCON.5). Initially the bit LVF will be set after power-up, and the user should clear it for further detecting. There is another bit ENLVFI(AUXR.2) designed to decide if to enable an interrupt to the MCU while the bit LVF(PCON.5) is set. This mechanism is convenient to inform the MCU take some emergent action. The user can configure the device to inhibit the flash read and write actions from ISP and IAP statements by clearing bit LVFWP(OR0.7) while the voltage level falls under 3.7V/2.3V(Operate in the 5V/3V). If the user never likes to let the device work under power supply less than 3.7V/2.3V (Operate in the 5V/3V), he can configure the device to automatically go to reset state by clearing bit ENLVR(OR0.6). It is named Low-Voltage-Reset. SPECIAL NOTE ON LOW-VOLTAGE-DETECTOR: The Low-Voltage-Detector is not a precise detector. The threshold voltage depends on temperature change. Lower the temperature goes, higher the threshold voltage rises. During temperature scope (-40℃, 85℃), the threshold voltage falls between scope (2.7V, 1.8V) for MPC82L54, and (4.2V, 3.2V) for MPC82E54. To control the low-voltage detection and reset, also the use must read another document “Initial Configuration.pdf” from Megawin which describes the initial option register settings. 56 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Power Management IDLE Mode An instruction setting PCON.0 causes the device go into the idle mode, the internal clock is gated off to the CPU but not to the interrupt, timer, PCA, SPI, ADC, WDT and serial port functions. There are two ways to terminate the idle. Activation of any enabled interrupt will cause PCON.0 to be cleared by hardware in order to terminating the idle mode. The interrupt will be serviced, and following RETI instruction: the next instruction to be executed will be performed right after the instruction that puts the device into idle. Another way to wake-up from idle is to pull pin RST high to generate internal hardware reset. Divider for system clock A clock divider(CLKDIV) in the frond end of the device is designed to slow down the operation speed of MPC82x54A, and by doing that is to save the operating power dynamically. Different from the same register in MPC82x54A MCU, the content in PCON2 is always effective without the need to operate in IDLE mode. SFR: PCON2 (Power Control 2) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 CKS2 Bit-1 CKS1 Bit-0 CKS0 {CKS2, CKS1, CKS0}: Clock selector under idle mode {0, 0,0} : = (default) In idle mode, clock is not divided (default state) {0, 0, 1} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 2 {0, 1, 0} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 4 {0, 1, 1} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 8 {1, 0, 0} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 16 {1, 0, 1} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 32 {1, 1, 0} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 64 {1, 1, 1} : = In idle mode, clock is divided by 128 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 57 POWER-DOWN Mode An instruction setting PCON.1 causes the device go into the POWER-DOWN mode. In the POWER-DOWN mode, the on-chip oscillator is stopped. The contents of on-chip RAM and SFRs are maintained. The power-down mode can be woken-up by either pin RST event or interrupt from INT0 or INT1. When it is woken-up by RST, the program will execute from the address 0x0000. Be careful to keep RST pin active for at least 10ms in order for a stable clock. If it is woken-up from pin INT0 or INT1, the CPU will rework through jumping to related interrupt service routine. Before the CPU rework, the clock is blocked and counted until 32768 in order for de-bouncing the unstable clock. To use INT0/INT1 wake-up, interrupt-related registers have to be enabled and programmed accurately before entering power-down. Pay attention to add at least one “NOP” instruction subsequent to the power-down instruction if I/O wake-up is used. SFR: PCON (Power Control) Bit-7 SMOD Bit-6 reserved0 Bit-5 LVF Bit-4 POF Bit-3 GF1 Bit-2 GF0 Bit-1 PD Bit-0 IDL SMOD:= Double baud rate of UART interface 0: = Keep normal baud rate when the UART is used in mode 1,2 or 3. 1: = Double baud rate when the UART is used in mode 1,2 or 3. reserved0:= no use. Default set as 0. The user can not set it. LVF:= Low-Voltage Flag After power-up, this bit will be initially set. The user should clear it by his program. Continuously on operating, it will be set if the power supply drops under 3.7V/2.3V (Operate in the 5V/3V). POF:= Power-On flag This bit will be set after the device was powered on. It must be cleared by the user’s software. PD:= Power-Down switch Set this bit to drive the device enter POWER-DOWN mode. IDL:= Idle flag Set this bit to drive the device enter IDLE mode. 58 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Reset and Boot Entrance There could be five conditions will cause the device to be reset. Power-Up RST pin press Watch Dog Timer overflows Reset from Low-Voltage-Detector Software invokes The following procedure describes how does this device select the boot entrance. Power-Up If ( (HWBS==0) or (HWBS2==0) ) then SWBS = 1 else SWBS keeps unchanged end If (SWBS==1) { Boot from ISP code else Boot from AP code RST-pin press If (HWBS2==0) then SWBS = 1 else SWBS keeps unchanged end If (SWBS==1) { Boot from ISP code else Boot from AP code d The RST pin is used to reset this device. It is connected into the device to a Schmitt Trigger buffer to get excellent noise immunity. Any positive pulse from RST pin must be kept at least 10us plus 36 oscillation cycles, or the device cannot be reset. WDT overflow, LVD reset, and Software reset SWBS keeps unchanged If (SWBS==1) { Boot from ISP code else Boot from AP code end MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 59 In System Programming and In Application Programming In System Programming (ISP) To develop a good program for ISP function, the user has to understand the architecture of the embedded flash. The embedded flash consists of 31 pages. Each page contains 512 bytes. Dealing with flash, the user must erase it in page unit before writing (programming) data into it. Erasing flash means setting the content of that flash to FFh. Two erase modes are available in this chip. One is mass mode and the other is page mode. The mass mode gets more performance, but it erases the entire flash. The page mode has less performance, but it is flexible because it erases flash in page unit. Unlike RAM’s real-time operation, to erase flash or to write (program) flash often takes longer time to finish. Furthermore, it is a quite complex timing procedure to erase/program flash. Fortunately, the MPC82x54A carried with convenient mechanism to help the user read/change the flash content. Just filling the target address and data into several SFR, and triggering the built-in ISP automation, the user can easily erase, read, and program the embedded flash. There are several SFR designed to help the user implement the ISP functionality. SFR: IFD (ISP Flash Data register) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Data to be written into flash, or data got from flash IFD is the data port register for ISP/IAP operation. The data in IFD will be written into the desired address in operating ISP write and it is the data window of readout in operating ISP read. SFR: IFADRH (ISP Flash Address High byte) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 Must be cleared to 00 ISP/IAP address High byte IFADRH is the high byte address for all ISP/IAP operation. Against in advertise effect, if one bit of IFADRH [7:6] is set, the ISP write function must fail. SFR: IFADRL (ISP Flash Address Low byte) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 ISP/IAP address Low byte IFADRL is the low byte address for all ISP/IAP operation. SFR: IFMT (ISP Flash-operating Mode Table) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 Bit-3 Bit-2 reserve0 Bit-1 Bit-0 Mode Selection 60 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Mode Selection 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 To Operate Standby AP-memory read AP-memory/Data-flash program AP-memory/Data-flash page erase SFR: SCMD (ISP Sequential Command register to trigger ISP/IAP operation) Bit-7 Bit-6 Bit-5 Bit-4 ISP-Command Bit-3 / Device ID Bit-2 Bit-1 Bit-0 SCMD is the command port for triggering ISP activity. If SCMD is filled with sequential 46H, B9H and if ISPCR.7 = 1, ISP activity will be triggered. When this register is read, the device ID of MPC82x54A will be returned (2 bytes). The MSB byte of this device ID is F3H and LSB byte 04H. IFADRL.0 is used to select HIGH/LOW byte of the device ID. SFR: ISPCR (ISP Control register) Bit-7 ISPEN Bit-6 SWBS Bit-5 SWRST Bit-4 CFAIL Bit-3 Bit-2 Bit-1 WAIT Bit-0 ISPEN:= Determine if to Enable ISP/IAP functionality 0: = Disable ISP program to change flash. 1: = Enable ISP program to change flash. SWBS:= Software Boot entrance Selector 0: = Boot from main-memory. 1: = Boot from ISP memory. Note: This bit will be loaded with HWBS(OR0.3) after power-up moment. SWRST:= Software Reset trigger Setting this bit will cause the device reset. CFAIL:= ISP/IAP Command Fail flag 0: = The last ISP/IAP command has finished successfully. 1: = The last ISP/IAP command fails. It could be caused since the access of flash memory was inhibited. WAIT:= Waiting time selection while the flash is busy. ISPCR[2:0] 000 001 010 011 100 101 110 111 Page Erase 672384 504288 420240 252144 126072 63036 42024 21012 CPU Wait time (Oscillator cycle) Program Read Recommended System clock 1760 2 30M~24M 1320 2 24M~20M 1100 2 20M~12M 660 2 12M~6M 330 2 6M~3M 165 2 3M~2M 110 2 2M~1M 55 2 < 1M Notice: Software reset actions could reset other SFR, but it never influences bits ISPEN and SWBS. The ISPEN and SWBS only will be reset by power-up action, while not software reset. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 61 Procedures demonstrating ISP function IFMT ← xxxxx011B ISPCR ← 100xx010B IFADRH ← (page address high byte) IFADRL ← (page address low byte) SCMD ← 46h SCMD ← B9h (CPU progressing will be hold here ) (CPU continues) /* choice page-erasing command */ /* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change. set WAIT=010, 10942 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/ /* specify the address of the page to be erased */ /* trig ISP activity */ Erase a specific flash page IFMT ← xxxxx010 B ISPCR ← 100xx010B IFADRH ← (Address high byte) IFADRL ← (Address low byte) IFD ← (byte date to be written into flash) SCMD ← 46h SCMD ← B9h (CPU progressing will be hold here) (CPU continues) /* choice byte-programming command */ /* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change. set WAIT=010, 60 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/ /* specify the address to be programmed */ /* prepare data source */ /* trig ISP activity */ Program a byte into flash IFMT ← xxxxx001 B ISPCR ← 100xx010B /* choice byte-read command */ /* set ISPEN=1 to enable flash change. set WAIT=010, 11 MC; assumed 10M X’s*/ /* specify the address to be read */ IFADRH ← (Address high byte) IFADRL ← (Address low byte) SCMD ← 46h /* trig ISP activity */ SCMD ← B9h (CPU progressing will be hold here) (CPU continues and currently IFD contain the desired data byte ) Read a byte from flash 62 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Switching from ISP program to AP program The device permits the user normally start running own AP program as soon as the ISP program has finished updating the flash content. Just program an instruction at the tail of ISP program as ISPCR ← x01xxxxxB /* set SWBS=0 to boot from AP entrance. set SWRST=1 to trigger software reset*/ which disables flash-writing authority, set SWBS 0, and trigger a software reset. After that, the system will be reset (not powered-up), and the system will refer to SWBS so to startup from AP program entrance. For power-up procedure, the HWBS will be referred to decide the program entrance, but for software reset, SWBS will be referred to. Switch to the ISP program from AP program The device also permits the user program switches directly to the ISP program. Just program an instruction in the AP program as ISPCR ← x11xxxxxB /* set SWBS=1 to boot from ISP entrance. set SWRST=1 to trigger software reset*/ which sets SWBS 1 to direct the device boot from AP program, and trigger a software reset. After that, the system will be reset (not powered-up), and the system will refer to SWBS so to startup from ISP program entrance. In-Application Program (IAP) The In-Application Program feature is designed for user to Read/Write nonvolatile data flash. It may bring great help to store parameters those should be independent of power-up and power-done action. In other words, the user can restore data in data flash memory. After shutting down and rebooting the MCU, user still can get the original value which previously had stored in. The user can program the data flash according to the same way as ISP program, and gets deeper understanding related to SFR IFD, IFADRL, IFADRH, IFMT, SCMD, and ISPCR. The data flash can be programmed by the AP program as well as the ISP program. The ISP program may program the AP memory and data flash. Whereas the AP program may program the data flash but not the ISP memory. If the AP program desires to change the ISP memory associated with specific address space, the hardware will ignore it. MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 63 Avoid Inadvertent Data Lost from IAP/ISP If the user invoke ISP/IAP function in own application, it is possible the MCU inadvertently jumps to those ISP/IAP statements while the power supply drops under specific level. The ISP/IAP statements could destroy the flash content. To avoid the MCU inadvertently jumps to IAP/ISP instructions while the voltage falls under a specific level on power-up and power-off moment, it is strongly suggested that the user enables the Low-Voltage-Reset function by clearing bit ENLVR (OR0.6) to makes this device never work under Low-Voltage. Also the user should make great use of LVF (PCON.5) and ENLVFI (AUXR.2) to detect the voltage dropping. 64 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Instructions Set MNEMONIC MOV A, Rn MOV A, direct MOV A, @Ri MOV A, #data MOV Rn, A MOV Rn, direct MOV Rn, #data MOV direct, A MOV direct, Rn MOV direct, direct MOV direct, @Ri MOV direct, #data MOV @Ri, A MOV @Ri, direct MOV @Ri, #data MOV DPTR,#data16 MOVC A,@A+DPTR MOVC A,@A+PC MOVX A, @Ri MOVX A, @DPTR MOVX @Ri, A MOVX @DPTR, A PUSH direct POP direct XCH A, Rn XCH A, direct XCH A, @Ri XCHD A, @Ri DATA TRASFER DESCRIPTION Move register to Acc Move direct byte o Acc Move indirect RAM to Acc Move immediate data to Acc Move Acc to register Move direct byte to register Move immediate data to register Move Acc to direct byte Move register to direct byte Move direct byte to direct byte Move indirect RAM to direct byte Move immediate data to direct byte Move Acc to indirect RAM Move direct byte to indirect RAM Move immediate data to indirect RAM Load DPTR with a 16-bit constant Move code byte relative to DPTR to Acc Move code byte relative to PC to Acc Move external RAM (8-bit address) to Acc Move external RAM (16-bit address) to Acc Move Acc to external RAM (8-bit address) Move Acc to external RAM (16-bit address) PUSH DIRECT BYTE ONTO STACK POP DIRECT BYTE FROM STACK EXCHANGE REGISTER WITH ACC EXCHANGE DIRECT BYTE WITH ACC EXCHANGE INDIRECT RAM WITH ACC EXCHANGE LOW-ORDER DIGIT INDIRECT RAM WITH ACC BYT 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 CYC 1 2 2 2 2 4 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 MNEMONIC ADD A, Rn ADD A, direct ADD A, @Ri ADD A, #data ADDC A, Rn ADDC A, direct ADDC A, @Ri ADDC A, #data SUBB A, Rn SUBB A, direct SUBB A, @Ri SUBB A, #data INC A INC Rn INC direct INC @Ri DEC A DEC Rn DEC direct DEC @Ri INC DPTR MUL AB DIV AB DA A ARITHEMATIC OPERATIONS DESCRIPTION ADD REGISTER TO ACC ADD DIRECT BYTE TO ACC ADD INDIRECT RAM TO ACC ADD IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC ADD REGISTER TO ACC WITH CARRY ADD DIRECT BYTE TO ACC WITH CARRY ADD INDIRECT RAM TO ACC WITH CARRY ADD IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC WITH CARRY SUBTRACT REGISTER FROM ACC WITH BORROW SUBTRACT DIRECT BYTE FROM ACC WITH BORROW SUBTRACT INDIRECT RAM FROM ACC WITH BORROW SUBTRACT IMMEDIATE DATA FROM ACC WITH BORROW INCREMENT ACC INCREMENT REGISTER INCREMENT DIRECT BYTE INCREMENT INDIRECT RAM DECREMENT ACC DECREMENT REGISTER DECREMENT DIRECT BYTE DECREMENT INDIRECT RAM INCREMENT DPTR MULTIPLY A AND B DIVIDE A BY B DECIMAL ADJUST ACC BYT 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 CYC 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 4 4 2 3 4 4 1 4 5 4 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 65 MNEMONIC ANL A, Rn ANL A, direct ANL A, @Ri ANL A, #data ANL direct, A ANL direct, #data ORL A, Rn ORL A, direct ORL A, @Ri ORL A, #data ORL direct, A ORL direct, #data XRL A, Rn XRL A, direct XRL A, @Ri XRL A, #data XRL direct, A XRL direct, #data CLR A CPL A RL A RLC A RR A RRC A SWAP A LOGIC OPERATION DESCRIPTION AND REGISTER TO ACC AND DIRECT BYTE TO ACC AND INDIRECT RAM TO ACC AND IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC AND ACC TO DIRECT BYTE AND IMMEDIATE DATA TO DIRECT BYTE OR REGISTER TO ACC OR DIRECT BYTE TO ACC OR INDIRECT RAM TO ACC OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC OR ACC TO DIRECT BYTE OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO DIRECT BYTE EXCLUSIVE-OR REGISTER TO ACC EXCLUSIVE-OR DIRECT BYTE TO ACC EXCLUSIVE-OR INDIRECT RAM TO ACC EXCLUSIVE-OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC EXCLUSIVE-OR ACC TO DIRECT BYTE EXCLUSIVE-OR IMMEDIATE DATA TO DIRECT BYTE CLEAR ACC COMPLEMENT ACC ROTATE ACC LEFT ROTATE ACC LEFT THROUGH THE CARRY ROTATE ACC RIGHT ROTATE ACC RIGHT THROUGH THE CARRY SWAP NIBBLES WITHIN THE ACC BYT 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CYC 2 3 3 2 4 4 2 3 3 2 4 4 2 3 3 2 4 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 MNEMONIC CLR C CLR bit SETB C SETB bit CPL C CPL bit ANL C, bit ANL C, /bit ORL C, bit ORL C, /bit MOV C, bit MOV bit, C BOOLEAN VARIABLE MANIPULATION DESCRIPTION CLEAR CARRY CLEAR DIRECT BIT SET CARRY SET DIRECT BIT COMPLEMENT CARRY COMPLEMENT DIRECT BIT AND DIRECT BIT TO CARRY AND COMPLEMENT OF DIRECT BIT TO CARRY OR DIRECT BIT TO CARRY OR COMPLEMENT OF DIRECT BIT TO CARRY MOVE DIRECT BIT TO CARRY MOVE CARRY TO DIRECT BIT BYT 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 CYC 1 4 1 4 1 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 MNEMONIC JC rel JNC rel JB bit, rel JNB bit, rel JBC bit, rel JUMP JUMP JUMP JUMP JUMP IF IF IF IF IF BOOLEAN VARIABLE BRANCH DESCRIPTION CARRY IS SET CARRY NOT SET DIRECT BIT IS SET DIRECT BIT NOT SET DIRECT BIT IS SET AND THEN CLEAR BIT BYT 2 2 3 3 3 CYC 3 3 4 4 5 66 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN PROAGRAM BRACHING DESCRIPTION ABSOLUTE SUBROUTINE CALL LONG SUBROUTINE CALL RETURN FROM SUBROUTINE RETURN FROM INTERRUPT SUBROUTINE ABSOLUTE JUMP LONG JUMP SHORT JUMP JUMP INDIRECT RELATIVE TO DPTR JUMP IF ACC IS ZERO JUMP IF ACC NOT ZERO COMPARE DIRECT BYTE TO ACC AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL COMPARE IMMEDIATE DATA TO ACC AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL COMPARE IMMEDIATE DATA TO REGISTER AND JUMP IF NOT CJNE Rn, #data, rel EQUAL COMPARE IMMEDIATE DATA TO INDIRECT RAM AND JUMP IF NOT CJNE @Ri, #data, rel EQUAL DJNZ Rn, rel DECREMENT REGISTER AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL DJNZ direct, rel DECREMENT DIRECT BYTE AND JUMP IF NOT EQUAL NOP NO OPERATION MNEMONIC ACALL addr11 LCALL addr16 RET RETI AJMP addr11 LJMP addr16 SJMP rel JMP @A+DPTR JZ rel JNZ rel CJNE A, direct, rel CJNE A, #data, rel BYT 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 1 CYC 6 6 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 5 4 4 5 4 5 1 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 67 Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82E54A) Parameter Ambient temperature under bias Storage temperature Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with respect to Ground Voltage on VCC with respect to Ground Maximum total current through VCC and Ground Maximum output current sunk by any Port pin Rating -55 ~ +125 -65 ~ + 150 -0.5 ~ VCC + 0.5 -0.5 ~ +6.0 400 40 Unit °C °C V V mA mA *Note: stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC Characteristics (MPC82E54A) VSS = 0V, TA = 25 ℃, VCC = 5.0V unless otherwise specified Limits Symbol Parameter Test Condition VIH1 VIH2 VIL IOL IOH1 IOH2 IIL1 IIL2 ILK IH2L IOP IIDLE IPD RRST Input High voltage for P0,P1,P2 and P3 Input High voltage for RESET pin Input Low voltage Output Low current Output High current(push-pull) Output High current(Quasi-bidirectional) Logic 0 input current(Quasi-bidirectional) Logic 0 input current(Input-Only) Input Leakage current(Open-Drain output) Logic 1 to 0 transition current Operating current Idle mode current Power down current Internal reset pull-down resistance Vcc=5.0V Vcc=5.0V Vcc=5.0V VPIN =0.45V VPIN =2.4V VPIN =2.4V VPIN =0.45V VPIN =0.45V VPIN = VCC VPIN =1.8V FOSC = 12MHz FOSC = 12MHz VCC =5.0V VCC =5.0V Unit max V V 0.8 V mA mA uA 50 10 10 500 30 15 50 uA uA uA uA mA mA uA Kohm min 2.0 3.5 typ 12 12 20 20 220 17 0 0 230 12 6 0.1 100 68 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN Absolute Maximum Rating (MPC82L54A) Parameter Ambient temperature under bias Storage temperature Voltage on any Port I/O Pin or RST with respect to Ground Voltage on VCC with respect to Ground Maximum total current through VCC and Ground Maximum output current sunk by any Port pin Rating -55 ~ +125 -65 ~ + 150 -0.3 ~ VCC + 0.3 -0.3 ~ +4.2 400 40 Unit °C °C V V mA mA *Note: stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the devices at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. DC Characteristics (MPC82L54A) VSS = 0V, TA = 25 ℃, VCC = 3.3V unless otherwise specified Limits Symbol Parameter Test Condition VIH1 VIH2 VIL IOL IOH1 IOH2 IIL1 IIL2 ILK IH2L IOP IIDLE IPD RRST Input High voltage for P1 and P3 Input High voltage for RESET pin Input Low voltage Output Low current Output High current(push-pull) Output High current(Quasi-bidirectional) Logic 0 input current(Quasi-bidirectional) Logic 0 input current(Input-Only) Input Leakage current(Open-Drain output) Logic 1 to 0 transition current(P1,3) Operating current Idle mode current Power down current Internal reset pull-down resistance Vcc=3.3V Vcc=3.3V Vcc=3.3V VPIN =0.45V VPIN =2.4V VPIN =2.4V VPIN =0.45V VPIN =0.45V VPIN = VCC VPIN =1.4V FOSC = 12MHz FOSC = 12MHz VCC =3.3V VCC =3.3V Unit max V V 0.8 V mA mA uA 50 10 10 600 15 6 50 uA uA uA uA mA mA uA Kohm min 2.0 2.8 typ 8 4 14 8 64 7 0 0 100 9 3.5 0.1 100 MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 69 Package Dimension 20-pin PDIP (MPC82X54AE) 28-pin PDIP (MPC82X54AE2) 70 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN 20-pin SOP (MPC82X54AS) 28-pin SOP (MPC82X54AS2) MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 71 20-pin TSSOP (MPC82X54AT) 28-pin TSSOP (MPC82X54AT2) 72 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN 32-pin PLCC (MPC82X54AP) 28-pin SSOP (MPC82X54AS3) MEGAWIN MPC82x54A Data Sheet 73 Revision History Version A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 Date 2006/01 2006/01 2006/08 Page - Initial issue. Description - Increase available package SSOP-28. - Revises the possible operating temperature. - Add special note on low voltage detector. - Modify the storage temperature. - Modify the operation frequency reaches at 24 MHz. 2006/12 P55 2007/03 P67, 68 2007/11 P3 A7 2007/12 P3 P68, 69 - Add 2.7V requirement in flash write operation. - Modify Absolute Maximum Rating. - Formatting A8 2008/12 74 MPC82x54A Data Sheet MEGAWIN