US65

US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current Features and Benefits Soft Switching for low noise applications Slope control setting by dedicated pin One-chip solution (Hall + Drivers) Advanced Protection (enhanced locked rotor, reverse voltage, thermal, output clamping) Application Examples 5V/12V DC brushless motors Continuous output current up to 600mA Low noise brushless cooling fans PC, server, laptop cooling fan Power supply cooling fan Large and small fan size Integrated tachometer (US65) or alarm (US66) signal output Ordering Information Part No. US65 US66 Temperature Code E (-40° to 85° C C) E (-40° to 85° C C) Package Code DC (8-pin narrow SOIC8) DC (8-pin narrow SOIC8) 1 Functional Diagram 2 General Description The US65/66 is a one-chip solution for driving twocoil brushless DC fan and motors. It is especially suitable for relatively high-current rated operation as it can drive up to 600mA continuous output current. The use of Melexis Soft Switching concept lowers the acoustic and electrical motor noise and provides smoother operation. This efficient solution is combined with an innovative slope control design controllable via a dedicated pin. The device includes reverse voltage protection, locked rotor protection and thermal protection. Therefore, the IC robustness perfectly suits for consumer and automotive-on-board applications. Tachometer (FG) or Alarm (RD) open-drain output is available. It makes the connectivity with external interface such as hardware monitoring or Super I/O IC easier. The device is delivered in RoHS compliant DC package (SMD) for automatic soldering 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 1 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current Table of Contents 1 Functional Diagram ........................................................................................................ 1 2 General Description........................................................................................................ 1 3 Glossary of Terms .......................................................................................................... 3 4 Absolute maximum ratings ............................................................................................ 3 5 Pin definitions and descriptions.................................................................................... 3 6 General Electrical Specifications .................................................................................. 4 7 Magnetic Specifications ................................................................................................. 4 8 Output Behaviour vs Magnetic Pole.............................................................................. 5 9 Detailed General Description ......................................................................................... 5 10 Unique Features............................................................................................................ 6 10.1 Soft Switching & Slope setting.................................................................................................................6 10.2 Enhanced Locked Rotor Protection.........................................................................................................7 11 Performance Graphs .................................................................................................... 7 11.1 RDSON vs TJ ...............................................................................................................................................7 11.2 RDSON vs VDD ............................................................................................................................................7 11.3 IDD vs TJ....................................................................................................................................................7 11.4 IDD vs VDD .................................................................................................................................................7 11.5 Internal Slope Duration vs VDD ................................................................................................................8 11.6 Slope Duration vs VDD..............................................................................................................................8 11.7 VOL vs. TJ .................................................................................................................................................8 11.8 ILEAK vs. TJ ................................................................................................................................................8 11.9 IFGLIM vs. VDD ............................................................................................................................................8 11.10 PDmax vs. TA ............................................................................................................................................8 12 Application Information................................................................................................ 9 13 Application Comments ................................................................................................. 9 14 Standard information regarding manufacturability of Melexis products with different soldering processes......................................................................................... 10 15 ESD Precautions ......................................................................................................... 10 16 DC Package Information (8-pin narrow SOIC) .......................................................... 11 17 Disclaimer.................................................................................................................... 12 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 2 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 3 Glossary of Terms Two-coil fan MilliTesla (mT), Gauss Peak output current Continuous output current Locked rotor FG RD A fan with two-coil windings where current alternates from 1 coil to the other depending on the direction of the magnetic field. Units of magnetic flux density : 1mT = 10 Gauss The current flowing in the coil at start-up, only limited by the coil resistance RCOIL and the output driver resistance RDSON. Average absolute value of the output current when the fan is spinning. The state when the fan stopped spinning due to mechanical blockage. Frequency generator or tachometer output Rotation detection or alarm output 4 Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Symbol Supply Voltage VDD FG / RD voltage VFG (VRD) Voltage on pin SLOPE VSLOPE Peak output current IOUTp Continuous output current IOUTc Operating Temperature Range TA Junction temperature TJ Storage Temperature Range TS Magnetic flux density B Table 1: Absolute maximum ratings Value -12 to 18 -7 to 18 -0.5 to 18 1200 600 -40 to 85 125 -55 to 150 Unlimited Units V V V mA mA °C °C °C mT Exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute-maximumrated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 5 Pin definitions and descriptions Pin Name Function FG (RD) Tachometer (Alarm) open-drain output VDD Power Supply pin SLOPE Slope Control pin OUT1 Open Drain Coil Driver 1 GND Ground pin OUT2 Open Drain Coil Driver 2 NC Not connected NC Not connected Table 2: Pin definitions and descriptions Pin number (DC) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 3 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 6 General Electrical Specifications DC Operating Parameters TJ = 25 C, VDD = 12V (unless otherwise specified) Parameter. Supply Voltage Supply Current OUT1, OUT2 ON Resistance OUT1, OUT2 Clamp Voltage FG / RD Output Low Voltage FG / RD Output Clamp Voltage FG / RD Output Leakage Current FG / RD Output Current Limit Output Switching Slope Duration (1) Output Switching Slope Duration (1) Output Switching Slope Duration (1) Output Switching Slope Duration (1) Locked Rotor Period Locked Rotor Period Locked Rotor Period Locked Rotor Period Thermal Protection Shutdown Thermal Protection Release DC Package Thermal Resistance Table 3: Electrical specifications Note 1: Measured with active load connected to the output, from 10% to 90% of the VDD voltage. Note 2: Guarantied by design o Symbol VDD IDD RDSON 1,2 VOUT 1,2 VOL VCLMP ILEAK IFGLIM TSW TSW TSW TSW TON TOFF TON TOFF TSD TREL RTH Test Conditions Operating Min 3 Typ 12 3 1 0.35 Max 18 5 2 0.5 10 36 IOL = 4mA 18 VFG (VRD) = 5V VFG (VRD) = 12V VDD = 12V, pin SLOPE left open VDD = 12V, RSLOPE =100k VDD = 5V, pin SLOPE left open VDD = 5V, RSLOPE =100k VDD = 12V VDD = 12V VDD = 5V VDD = 5V Note 2 Note 2 Single layer PCB 40 87 73 87 0.24 1.44 0.48 2.88 20 70 120 126 120 0.29 1.5 0.6 3.65 160 130 150 160 189 250 189 0.39 2.34 0.89 5.34 Units V mA Ω V V V A mA s s s s s s s s oC oC oC/Watt 7 Magnetic Specifications DC Operating Parameters TJ = 25 C, VDD = 12V (unless otherwise specified) Parameter. Operate point Release point Hysteresis Symbol BOP BRP BHYST Test Conditions Min -6 2 Typ 3 -3 6 Max 6 Units mT mT mT o Table 4: Magnetic specifications 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 4 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 8 Output Behaviour vs Magnetic Pole Parameter North pole South pole Test Conditions B < Brp B > Bop OUT1 Low High OUT2 High Low FG Low High Table 5: Driver output vs magnetic pole Note : The magnetic pole is applied facing the branded side of the package 9 Detailed General Description The US65/66 is a one-chip solution for driving two-coil brushless DC fans. Based on CMOS process, the chip contains a Hall-effect sensor with dynamic offset correction, logic control and two low-ohmic open-drain output drivers. The output drivers OUT1 and OUT2 are fully protected against switching transients. So there is no need of external zener diode to cut the high voltage spikes induced by the fan coils. In case the junction temperature TJ exceeds TSD, the thermal protection stops the current flowing through the full bridge by setting the outputs OUT1 and OUT2 low and setting the output FG (RD) high. The IC stays in this state until the junction temperature decreases below TREL. Reverse voltage protection is integrated on the VDD pin. The FG/RD open drain output has an internal current limit which protects the driver in case of accidentally big current flow through the logic driver. It could occur if a low-ohmic pull-up resistor is used or if the FG/RD output is directly short connected to a supply voltage. The US65 has an open-drain tachometer FG output that follows the Hall signal, thus enabling to determine the rotation speed of the fan. In the US66, the open-drain alarm output RD is a safety signal which allows detecting if the fan rotates or not. It is active low during normal spinning of the motor. It goes high when the magnetic flux switching frequency drops below nearly: - 2Hz for 12V application (60RPM for 2 pole-pair fan) - 1Hz for 5V application (30RPM for 2 pole-pair fan) 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 5 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 10 Unique Features 10.1 Soft Switching & Slope setting The US65/66 provides an efficient solution for low noise application with internal slope control circuit, controllable via a dedicated pin. In Two-coil fan driver, the predominant source of electrical noise is when the output driver is switched off. Due to the electromotive force of the fan coil, the output voltage sharply increases but is internally clamped by the fan driver. This effect lasts until the energy in the coil is dissipated, then the output voltages decreases to a normal value, equal to the sum of the fan supply voltage plus the back EMF of the fan in rotation. The resulting swift change in the coil current increases the overall acoustic noise. (a) – General view (b) – Enlarged view on output switching Figure 1 – US65/66 output voltage without slope control (RSLOPE = 0оhm) In the above Fig.1a is observed the US65/66 output voltage with traditional driving technique, also referred as “hard switching”. In this case, the output driver is directly switched on and off which results in large voltage spikes, clamped at the output clamping voltage value (Fig.1b). (a) – General view (b) – Enlarged view on output switching Figure 2 – US65/66 output voltage with internal slope control (RSLOPE not connected, SLOPE pin left open) W hen the SLOPE pin is left open (not connected), the US65/66 provides internally defined output slope duration. In contrast with the “hard switching”, the “soft switching” technique controls the output voltage at the switching event and a rise/fall time is implemented to the driving signal. On Fig.2b, the output clamping voltage is even not reached, result of a smoother recirculation of the fan coil current. (a) – General view (b) – Enlarged view on output switching Figure 3 – Output voltage with long output slope duration (RSLOPE = 500k) W hen a simple resistor is connected between the SLOPE pin the ground, the US65/66 modifies the output slope duration in relation with the value of the resistor RSLOPE. The output slope duration can be increased so that the output voltages spikes from Fig.1 are totally removed on Fig.3. For most of the application, the internal soft switching mode from the Fig.2 represents the simplest solution and most adequate balance between low fan acoustic noise and IC power dissipation. 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 6 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current It is also possible to run into the 3 different modes as “hard switching”, “internal soft switching” and “external soft switching”, giving the possibility to adapt the fan design to stringent requirements. For example, high speed fan generally requires longer output slope compared to usual middle or low speed fan. Increasing the output slope duration inevitably leads to high power dissipation of the IC itself. However, the device is well protected against over power dissipation thanks to the integrated thermal shutdown. 10.2 Enhanced Locked Rotor Protection Specially designed for driving large fans, the Locked Rotor Protection is optimised for low start-up voltage. At low voltage, fans inevitably starts rotating slower than at higher voltage. Big fans with large inertia have slow start-up causing a longer first output pulse after power-on. If this pulse duration is longer than the LRP TON period, the fan may falsely enter locked rotor condition. The US65/66 provides an adequate and simple solution to prevent this by automatically increasing the locked rotor protection period at low voltage. The device internally compares the supply voltage applied on the VDD and automatically double the LRP periods at 5V (0.6s, 3.65s) compared than 12V (0.29s, 1.5s). This facilitates driving heavier fans and motors with large inertia without any external component (TON/TOFF is increased or decreased depending on the fan supply voltage VDD). 11 Performance Graphs 11.1 RDSON vs TJ 4 VDD = 5V VDD = 12V 3 3 Tj = -40° C Tj = 25° C Tj = 85° C Tj = 125° C Ron (ohms) Ron (ohms) -40 -20 0 20 40 Tj (° C) 60 80 100 120 11.2 RDSON vs VDD 4 2 2 1 1 0 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VDD (Volts) 11.3 IDD vs TJ 5 4 11.4 IDD vs VDD 5 4 IDD (mA) IDD (mA) 3 3 2 2 Tj = -40° C Tj = 25° C Tj = 85° C 1 VDD = 5V VDD = 12V 1 Tj = 125° C 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 Tj (° C) 60 80 100 120 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VDD (Volts) 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 7 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 11.5 Internal Slope Duration vs VDD 200 180 160 140 Output Slope (us) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VDD (Volts) Tj = 25° C Output Slope (us) 11.6 Slope Duration vs VDD 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VDD (Volts) R = 700k R = 500k R = 300k R = 100k R = 50k 11.7 VOL vs. TJ 0.5 FG/RD Output Saturation Voltage (V) 0.4 11.8 ILEAK vs. TJ 100 90 80 Leakage Current (uA) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Tj = -40° C Tj = 25° C Tj = 125° C 0.3 VDD=5V ; Iol=4mA VDD=12V ; Iol=4mA 0.2 0.1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 Tj (° C) 60 80 100 120 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VDD (Volts) 11.9 IFGLIM vs. VDD 50 45 40 35 Current limit (mA) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VDD (Volts) Tj = 25° C Tj = 125° C 11.10 PDmax vs. TA 0.8 0.7 Allowable Power Dissipation (W) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 Ta (° C) 80 100 120 140 RTH 1S = 150°C/W Single Layer PCB Pmax = 666mW TA = 25°C TA max = 85°C TJ max = 125° C 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 8 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 12 Application Information Typical computer fan application circuit 13 Application Comments During fan rotation, the coils may affect the stability of the VDD voltage. To filter eventual spikes, it is recommended to add a 100nF decoupling capacitor between VDD pin and GND, closer to the chip. If the FG/RD pull-up resistor is connected to VDD, a diode should be connected between the fan supply voltage and the common point of the fan coils to avoid parasitic effects on FG/RD output. The voltage VDD and VPU can be physically the same voltage source. However, the pull-up voltage VPU is generally connected to a different digital power source at 5V as it feeds the FG or RD signal to an IC interface. When the default slope is sufficient, the pin SLOPE may just be left open. For slope adjustment, it is required to connect a resistor RSLOPE between the SLOPE pin to ground. The value of the resistor modifies the output slope as shown in the performance graph. 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 9 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 14 Standard information regarding manufacturability of Melexis products with different soldering processes Our products are classified and qualified regarding soldering technology, solderability and moisture sensitivity level according to following test methods: Reflow Soldering SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) • • IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification for Nonhermetic Solid State Surface Mount Devices (classification reflow profiles according to table 5-2) EIA/JEDEC JESD22-A113 Preconditioning of Nonhermetic Surface Mount Devices Prior to Reliability Testing (reflow profiles according to table 2) Wave Soldering SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) and THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • • EN60749-20 Resistance of plastic- encapsulated SMD’s to combined effect of moisture and soldering heat EIA/JEDEC JESD22-B106 and EN60749-15 Resistance to soldering temperature for through-hole mounted devices Iron Soldering THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • EN60749-15 Resistance to soldering temperature for through-hole mounted devices Solderability SMD’s (Surface Mount Devices) and THD’s (Through Hole Devices) • EIA/JEDEC JESD22-B102 and EN60749-21 Solderability For all soldering technologies deviating from above mentioned standard conditions (regarding peak temperature, temperature gradient, temperature profile etc) additional classification and qualification tests have to be agreed upon with Melexis. The application of Wave Soldering for SMD’s is allowed only after consulting Melexis regarding assurance of adhesive strength between device and board. Melexis is contributing to global environmental conservation by promoting lead free solutions. For more information on qualifications of RoHS compliant products (RoHS = European directive on the Restriction Of the use of certain Hazardous Substances) please visit the quality page on our website: http://www.melexis.com/quality.aspx 15 ESD Precautions Electronic semiconductor products are sensitive to Electro Static Discharge (ESD). Always observe Electro Static Discharge control procedures whenever handling semiconductor products. 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 10 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 16 DC Package Information (8-pin narrow SOIC) 8 7 6 5 Notes: 1. Controlling dimensions in millimeters 3.94 +0.05 - 0.13 5.99 +0.21 - 0.15 see note 5 2. The appearance of pin 1 is optional, round type on single leadframe and rectangular type on matrix leadframe. Parting Line 3. Formed leads shall be planar with respect to one another within 0.0792 mm at seating plane. 4. Length of terminal for soldering to a substrate. 1 2 3 4 5° +3 -5 0.64 +0.25 - 0.23 see note 4 see note 2 Addition DETAIL A 5. Package length and width are reference datums and do not include mold flash or protrusions, but does include mold mismatch and are measured at the mold parting line. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.1524 mm at end and 0.254 mm at window. x. This part is compliant with JEDEC standard MS-012. 4.93 +0.05 - 0.13 see note 5 h x 45° 1.63 +0.10 - 0.08 Marking: Line 1 : Line 2 : Line 3 : Seating Plane see note 3 See DETAIL A 1.47 +0.08 - 0.07 0.25 +0.05 - 0.06 US65 (US66) - Name of the Device XXXXXX - Assembly lot number (6 digits) YYWW - Assembly date YY = year WW = calendar week 1.27 BSC 0.41 +0.08 - 0.06 Hall plate location 8 7 6 5 Notes: 1. All dimensions are in millimeters 1.78 1 2 3 4 Package line 1.57 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 11 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07 US65 / US66 Two-Coil Low Noise Fan Driver High Output Current 17 Disclaimer Devices sold by Melexis are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Term of Sale. Melexis makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement. Melexis reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with Melexis for current information. This product is intended for use in normal commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical lifesupport or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by Melexis for each application. The information furnished by Melexis is believed to be correct and accurate. However, Melexis shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interrupt of business or indirect, special incidental or consequential damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of Melexis’ rendering of technical or other services. © 2002 Melexis NV. All rights reserved. For the latest version of this document, go to our website at www.melexis.com Or for additional information contact Melexis Direct: Europe and Japan: Phone: +32 1367 0495 E-mail: sales_europe@melexis.com All other locations: Phone: +1 603 223 2362 E-mail: sales_usa@melexis.com ISO/TS 16949 and ISO14001 Certified 3901090209 Rev 006 Page 12 of 12 Preliminary Datasheet Jan/07