TL431IP

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC Adjustable precision shunt regulators Product specification 1997 Feb 25 Philips Semiconductors Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC DESCRIPTION The TL431 and TL431A are 3-terminal adjustable shunt regulators with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive and commercial temperature ranges. The output voltage may be set to any value between VREF (approximately 2.5V) and 36V with two external resistors (see Figure 4). These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2Ω. Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for zener diodes in many applications like on-board regulation, adjustable power supplies and switching power supplies. The TL431C and TL431AC are characterized for operation from 0°C to +70°C; the TL431I and TL431AI are characterized for operation from –40°C to +85°C. PIN CONFIGURATIONS M, D Package TOP VIEW CATHODE ANODE ANODE NC 1 2 3 4 SOT96-1 8 7 6 5 REF ANODE ANODE NC N, P Package TOP VIEW CATHODE 1 2 3 4 SOT97-1 8 7 6 5 REF NC ANODE NC FEATURES NC NC NC • Equivalent full-range temperature coefficient: 30ppm/°C • 0.2Ω typical output impedance • Sink current capability: 1mA to 100mA • Low output noise • Adjustable output voltage: VREF to 36V Z, LP, U Package CATHODE ANODE SOT54 REF SL01167 Figure 1. Pin Configuration ORDERING INFORMATION DESCRIPTION 3-Pin Plastic TO92 3-Pin Plastic TO92 2 TEMPERATURE RANGE 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C –40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C –40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C 0°C to +70°C –40°C to +85°C 0°C to +70°C –40°C to +85°C INDUSTRY STANDARD PART NUMBER TL431CLP TL431ACLP TL431ILP TL431AILP LM431ACZ TL431CD TL431ID TL431ACD TL431AID LM431ACM TL431CP TL431IP TL431ACP TL431AIP ORDER CODE TL431CLPU TL431ACLPU TL431ILPU TL431AILPU LM431ACZU TL431CD TL431ID TL431ACD TL431AID LM431ACMD TL431CPN TL431IPN TL431ACPN TL431AIPN DWG # SOT54 SOT54 SOT54 SOT54 SOT54 SOT96-1 SOT96-1 SOT96-1 SOT96-1 SOT96-1 SOT97-1 SOT97-1 SOT97-1 SOT97-1 3-Pin Plastic TO92 2 2 3-Pin Plastic TO92 2 3-Pin Plastic TO92 2 8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package 8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package 8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package 8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package 8-Pin Plastic Small Outline (SO) package 8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP) 8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP) 8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP) 8-Pin Plastic Dual In-Line package (DIP) NOTE: 1. SYMBOL INFORMATION: Parts will be marked with product name including temperature and electrical grade desginators, but not the package identifier. 2. TO92 is normally shipped in bulk, i.e., in plastic bags (containing 1,000 parts), 5 bags per box. Tape and reel (or ammo box) is an option. See page 15 for information. 1997 Feb 25 2 853–1927 17795 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SYMBOL VKA PARAMETER Cathode voltage (see Note 1) Continuous cathode current range Reference input current range Tamb TSTG Operating free-air temperature range C suffix I suffix Temperature storage range Lead temperature 1.6mm (1/16 in.) from case for 10 sec: D or P pkgs Lead temperature 1.6mm (1/16 in.) from case for 60 sec: LP pkg NOTE: 1. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted. RATING 37 –100 to +150 0.05 to 10 0 to +70 –40 to +85 –65 to 150 260 300 UNITS V mA mA °C °C °C °C °C RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS SYMBOL VKA IK Cathode voltage Cathode current PARAMETER MIN VREF 1 MAX 36 100 UNITS V mA Table 1. Dissipation Rating Table – Free-Air Temperature Package D LP P Derating Factor Above Tamb = 25°C 5.8mW/°C 6.2mW/°C 8.0mW/°C Tamb = 25°C Power Rating 725mW 775mW 1000mW Tamb = 70°C Power Rating 464mW 496mW 640mW Tamb = 85°C Power Rating 429mW 403mW 520mW CATHODE R4 800 R3 800 C1 20p REF Q5 Q4 Q3 Q2 QD6 Q7 R5 3.28K R2 150 Q1 R7 320 R1 10K Qq1 R11 2.4K R10 7.2K C2 20p Q9 Q10 R8 1000 Q11 R9 800 ANODE Q8 QD2 SL01188 Figure 2. Equivalent Schematic 1997 Feb 25 3 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 25°C free-air temperature, unless otherwise stated. LIMITS SYMBOL VREF VREF(dev) DV REF DV KA IREF IREF(dev) IMIN IOFF | ZKA | PARAMETER Reference input voltage Deviation of reference input voltage over full temperature range3 Ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change voltage to the change in cathode voltage Reference input current Deviation of reference input current over full temperature range3 Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance4 TEST CKT Fig. 3 Fig. 3 TEST CONDITIONS MIN VKA = VREF, IK = 10mA VKA = VREF, IK = 10mA, Tamb = full range2 IK = 10mA 10mA ∆VKA = 10V – VREF ∆VKA = 36V – 10V 2470 TL431AC TYP 2495 4 –1.4 –1 2 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.2 MAX 2520 15 –2.7 –2 4 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 TL431C/LM431AC MIN 2440 TYP 2495 4 –1.4 –1 2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 MAX 2550 17 –2.7 mV/V –2 4 1.2 1 1 0.5 µA µA mA µA Ω mV mV UNIT Fig. 4 Fig. 4 Fig. 4 Fig. 3 Fig. 5 Fig. 3 IK = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ IK = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, Tamb = full range2 VKA = VREF VKA = 36V, VREF = 0 VKA = VREF, IK = 1mA to 100mA, f ≤ 1kHz 25°C free-air temperature, unless otherwise stated. LIMITS SYMBOL VREF VREF(dev) DV REF DV KA IREF IREF(dev) IMIN IOFF | ZKA | PARAMETER Reference input voltage Deviation of reference input voltage over full temperature range3 Ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change voltage to the change in cathode voltage Reference input current Deviation of reference input current over full temperature range3 Minimum cathode current for regulation Off-state cathode current Dynamic impedance4 TEST CKT Fig. 3 Fig. 3 TEST CONDITIONS MIN VKA = VREF, IK = 10mA VKA = VREF, IK = 10mA, Tamb = full range2 IK = 10mA 10mA ∆VKA = 10V – VREF ∆VKA = 36V – 10V 2470 TL431AI TYP 2495 5 –1.4 –1 2 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.2 MAX 2520 25 –2.7 –2 4 2.5 0.7 0.5 0.5 MIN 2440 TL431I TYP 2495 5 –1.4 –1 2 0.8 0.4 0.1 0.2 MAX 2550 30 –2.7 mV/V –2 4 2.5 1 1 0.5 µA µA µA µA Ω mV mV UNIT Fig. 4 Fig. 4 Fig. 4 Fig. 3 Fig. 5 Fig. 3 IK = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞ IK = 10mA, R1 = 10kΩ, R2 = ∞, Tamb = full range2 VKA = VREF VKA = 36V, VREF = 0 VKA = VREF, IK = 1mA to 100mA, f ≤ 1kHz NOTES: 2. Full temperature range is –40°C to +85°C for the TL431I and TL431AI, and 0°C to +70°C for the TL431C and TL431AC. 3. The deviation parameters VREF(dev) and IREF(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated termperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference input voltage, αVREF, is defined as: V REF(dev) V REF at 25 oC | aV REF | ppm deg C @ 10 6 Max VREF VREF(dev) Min VREF ∆Tamb + DT amb where ∆Tamb is the rated operating free-air temperature range of the device. 1997 Feb 25 4 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC αVREF can be positive or negative depending on whether minimum VREF of maximum VREF, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. Example: Max VREF = 2496mV at 30°C, Min VREF = 2492mV at 0°C, VREF = 2495mV at 25°C, DTA = 70°C for TL431C. | aV REF | + 4mV @ 2495mV 70 oC 10 6 + 23ppm oC Because minimum VREF occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive. 4. The dynamic impedance is defined as: | Z | + DV KA KA DI K When the device is operating with two external resistors, (see Figure xx), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: | Z | + DV [ | Z KA | 1 ) R1 R2 DI PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION INPUT IK VKA INPUT Ioff VKA Vref SL01177 SL01179 Figure 3. Test Circuit for VKA = Vref Figure 5. Test Circuit for IOFF INPUT IK Iref VKA R1 R2 Vref V KA +V ref 1) R1 )I ref R2 R1 SL01178 Figure 4. Test Circuit for VKA > Vref 1997 Feb 25 5 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC V ref – REFERENCE INPUT VOLTAGE – (mV) 2600 2580 2560 2540 2520 2500 2480 2460 2440 2420 2400 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Vref = 2440mV Vref = 2495mV Vref = 2550mV Iref – REFERENCE INPUT CURRENT – (µ A) VKA = Vref IK = 10mA 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 –75 R1 = 10kΩ R2 = ∞ IK = 10mA –50 Tamb – TEMPERATURE – (°C) –25 0 25 50 75 Tamb – TEMPERATURE – (°C) 100 125 SL01170 SL01168 Figure 6. Reference Input Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 9. Reference Input Current vs. Temperature 150 125 CATHODE CURRENT – (mA) 100 75 50 25 0 –25 –50 –75 –100 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 CATHODE VOLTAGE – (V) VKA = Vref Tamb = 25°C Ioff – OFF-STATE CATHODE CURRENT – (nA) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 –75 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 VKA = 36V Vref = 0V Tamb – TEMPERATURE – (°C) SL01171 SL01169 Figure 7. Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Figure 10. Off-State Cathode Current vs. Temperature 800 I K – CATHODE CURRENT – (µA) VKA = Vref Tamb = 25°C 600 d(Vref)/d(Vka) – (mV/V) Imin 400 0 –0.1 –0.2 –0.3 –0.4 –0.5 –0.6 –0.7 –0.8 –0.9 VKA = 3V TO 36V 200 0 –200 –1 0 1 2 3 VKA – CATHODE VOLTAGE – (V) –1 –75 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 Tamb – TEMPERATURE – (°C) SL01172 SL01173 Figure 8. Cathode Current vs. Cathode Voltage Figure 11. Ratio of Delta Reference Voltage to Delta Cathode Voltage over Temperature 1997 Feb 25 6 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC 4 3 Vn – INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE – µ V 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 –4 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 t – TIME – (SECONDS) 7 8 9 10 Equivalent Input Noise Voltage Over a 10-Second Period 19.1V 1kΩ 500µF 910Ω 2000µF VCC 1µF 820Ω TLE2027 AV = 10V/mV 16kΩ 160kΩ 1µF 0.1µF 33kΩ 16kΩ 33kΩ 1MΩ CRO TLE2027 AV = 2V/V VCC TL431 (DUT) 22µF 16Ω VEE VEE Test Circuit Figure 12. SL01174 400 IK = 10mA Tamb = 25°C 350 Vn – NOISE VOLTAGE – nV/√ Hz 300 250 200 150 100 10 100 1K f–FREQUENCY–Hz 10K 100K SL01180 Figure 13. Equivalent Input Noise Voltage vs. Frequency 1997 Feb 25 7 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS 7 INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE – V 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 t – TIME – µs 4 5 6 7 GND PULSE GENERATOR f = 100kHz 50Ω 220Ω OUTPUT Test Circuit Pulse Response Figure 14. Pulse Response SL01182 100 90 80 IK – CATHODE CURRENT – (mA) 70 Tamb = 25°C A VKA = Vref B VKA = 5V C VKA = 10V D VKA = 15V 150Ω UNSTABLE VKA < 5 B IK CL VBATT STABLE 60 UNSTABLE VKA < 10 STABLE A 50 A 40 30 20 10 0 0.001 D 0.01 C UNSTABLE VKA < 15V UNSTABLE VKA 0.1 CL – LOAD CAPACITANCE – (µF) 1 10 CL Test Circuit for Curve A R1 = 10kΩ IK 150Ω R2 VBATT Test Circuit for Curves B, C, and D SL01176 Figure 15. Stability Boundary Conditions 1997 Feb 25 8 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC 100 IK = 10mA Tamb = 25°C 1kΩ |ZKA| – REFERENCE IMPEDANCE – Ω OUTPUT 10 IK 50Ω GND 1 Test Circuit for Reference Impedance 0.1 1K 10K 100K f – FREQUENCY – Hz 1M 10M SL01175 Figure 16. Reference Impedance vs. Frequency 70 IK = 10mA Tamb = 25°C 60 Av – VOLTAGE AMPLIFICATION – dB 50 15kΩ 40 9µF OUTPUT IK 230Ω 30 8.25kΩ GND 20 Test Circuit for Voltage Amplification 10 0 1K 10K 100K FREQUENCY IN Hz 1M 10M SL01181 Figure 17. Small-Signal Voltage Amplification vs. Frequency 1997 Feb 25 9 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC TYPICAL APPLICATIONS V+ R1 VOUT V+ R1 VOUT R2 R2 V OUT + 1 ) R1 V ref R2 SL01183 V OUT + 1 ) R1 V ref R2 VOUT Min = Vref + Vbe Figure 21. Series Pass Regulator SL01186 Figure 18. Shunt Regulator V+ RCL V+ IOUT VOUT VIN VIN < Vref > Vref VTH = Vref VOUT V+ ≈2.0V SL01184 I OUT + V ref R CL SL01187 Figure 19. Single-Supply Comparator with Temperature-Compensated Threshold Figure 22. Constant Current Source V+ R1 VOUT V+ ISINK I SINK + R2 RS V ref RS V OUT + 1 ) R1 V ref R2 SL01185 SL01189 Figure 20. High Current Shunt Regulator Figure 23. Constant Current Sink 1997 Feb 25 10 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC SO8: plastic small outline package; 8 leads; body width 3.9mm SOT96-1 1997 Feb 25 11 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC DIP8: plastic dual in-line package; 8 leads (300 mil) SOT97-1 1997 Feb 25 12 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC SOT54 0.40 min. 4.2 max. 5.2 max. 1.6 12.7 min. 1 4.8 max. 2.54 2 3 0.48 0.40 0.66 0.56 2.0 max. (1) Dimensions in mm. (1) Terminal dimensions within this zone are uncontrolled to allow for flow of plastic and terminal irregularities. SL01191 1997 Feb 25 13 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC TO-92 transistors on tape P A1 A H2 (p) ∆h T ∆h TO-92 H1 H0 L W2 W0 W 1 W F1 F P2 P0 F2 D0 t1 t SL01192 Table 2. Tape specification (TO-92 leaded types) SPECIFICATIONS SYMBOL A1 A T P P0 Body width Body height Body thickness Pitch of component Feed hole pitch Cumulative pitch error P2 F ∆h W W0 W1 W2 H0 H1 L D0 t F1, F2 H2 (p) Feed hole center to component center Distance between outer leads Component alignment Tape width Hold-down tape width Hole position Hold-down tape position Lead wire clinch height Component height Length of snipped leads Feed hole diameter Total tape thickness Lead-to-lead distance Clinch height Pull-out force DIMENSION MIN. 4 4.8 3.5 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 6 12.7 12.7 – 6.35 5.08 0 18 6 9 0.5 16.5 – – 4 – – – – NOM. – MAX. 4.8 5.2 3.9 – – – – – 1 – – – – – 23.25 11 – 1.2 – – – TOL. – – – ±1 ±0.3 ±0.1 ±0.4 +0.6/–0.2 – ±0.5 ±0.2 +0.7/–0.5 ±0.2 ±0.5 – – ±0.2 – +0.4/–0.2 – – UNIT mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm N Note 1 to be measured at bottom of clinch REMARKS NOTE: 1. Measured over 20 devices. 1997 Feb 25 14 Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC Tape splicing Splice the carrier tape on the back and/or front so that the feed hole pitch (P0) is maintained. Bulk packing In addition to TO-92 on tape, TO-92 can also be delivered in bulk. Products are packed in boxes in foil and plastic bags with 1,000 pieces to a bag and 5 bags to a box. LABEL CARRIER STRIP LABEL CARRIER STRIP ROUNDED SIDE ADHESIVE TAPE CATHODE PIN VREF PIN FLAT SIDE ADHESIVE TAPE FEED FEED FLAT SIDE OF TRANSISTOR AND ADHESIVE TAPE VISIBLE ROUNDED SIDE OF TRANSISTOR AND ADHESIVE TAPE VISIBLE SPC T (Note 1) Figure 24. TO-92 Reel Styles SPC F (Note 1) SL01193 FLAT SIDE LABEL In Ammo Pack, the parts are put on the tape the same as in SPC T. However, depending on which end of the Ammo Pack is opened, the VREF OR Cathode pin may come first. If opened from the end marked with a “+”, the Cathode comes first. Figure 25. TO-92 Ammo Pack Styles NOTE: 1. Order SPC F, T or A depending on what is required. 1997 Feb 25 ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ ADHESIVE TAPE ON TOP SIDE CARRIER STRIP FLAT SIDE OF TRANSISTOR AND ADHESIVE TAPE VISIBLE SPC A (Note 1) 15 ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ SL01194 ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ Philips Semiconductors Product specification Adjustable precision shunt regulators TL431C, TL431AC, TL431I, TL431AI, LM431AC DEFINITIONS Data Sheet Identification Objective Specification Product Status Formative or in Design Definition This data sheet contains the design target or goal specifications for product development. Specifications may change in any manner without notice. This data sheet contains preliminary data, and supplementary data will be published at a later date. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. This data sheet contains Final Specifications. Philips Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice, in order to improve design and supply the best possible product. Preliminary Specification Preproduction Product Product Specification Full Production Philips Semiconductors and Philips Electronics North America Corporation reserve the right to make changes, without notice, in the products, including circuits, standard cells, and/or software, described or contained herein in order to improve design and/or performance. Philips Semiconductors assumes no responsibility or liability for the use of any of these products, conveys no license or title under any patent, copyright, or mask work right to these products, and makes no representations or warranties that these products are free from patent, copyright, or mask work right infringement, unless otherwise specified. Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. Philips Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS Philips Semiconductors and Philips Electronics North America Corporation Products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of a Philips Semiconductors and Philips Electronics North America Corporation Product can reasonably be expected to result in a personal injury. Philips Semiconductors and Philips Electronics North America Corporation customers using or selling Philips Semiconductors and Philips Electronics North America Corporation Products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips Semiconductors and Philips Electronics North America Corporation for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. Philips Semiconductors 811 East Arques Avenue P.O. Box 3409 Sunnyvale, California 94088–3409 Telephone 800-234-7381 © Copyright Philips Electronics North America Corporation 1997 All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Philips Semiconductors 1997 Feb 25 16