TSM1013
Constant Voltage and Constant Current
Controller for Battery Chargers and Adaptors
■
■
■
■
■
Constant voltage and constant current
control
Low voltage operation
Low external component count
Current sink output stage
Easy compensation
VOLTAGE REFERENCE
■
■
D
SO-8
Fixed output voltage reference 2.5V
0.5% and 1% Voltage precision
DESCRIPTION
TSM1013 is a highly integrated solution for SMPS
applications requiring CV (constant voltage) and
CC (constant current) mode.
S
Mini SO8
TSM1013 integrates one voltage reference and
two operational amplifiers.
The voltage reference combined with one
operational amplifier makes it an ideal voltage
controller. The other operational, combined with
few external resistors and the voltage reference,
can be used as a current limiter.
APPLICATIONS
■
■
Adapters
Battery Chargers
ORDER CODE
Part
Number
Temperature Package
Range
S
D
TSM1013I
TSM1013AI
TSM1013I
TSM1013AI
0
0
0
0
to 105°C
to 105°C
to 105°C
to 105°C
²
²
²
²
Marking
PIN CONNECTIONS (top view)
1 Vref
Vcc 8
2 Cc-
Cc Out 7
3 Cc+
Gnd 6
4 Cv-
Cv Out 5
M1013
M1013A
M806
M807
Note: S: MiniSO only available in Tape & Reel with T suffix
D: SO is available in Tube (D) and in Tape & Reel (DT)
February 2004
1/8
TSM1013
1
PIN DESCRIPTION
PIN DESCRIPTION
SO8 & Mini SO8 Pinout
Name
Pin #
Type
Vref
CcCc+
CvCv Out
Gnd
Cc Out
Vcc
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Analog Output
Analog Input
Analog Input
Analog Input
Analog Output
Power Supply
Analog Output
Power Supply
Function
Voltage Reference
Input pin of the operationnal amplifier
Input pin of the operationnal amplifier
Input pin of the operationnal amplifier
Output of the operational amplifier
Ground Line. 0V Reference For All Voltages
Output of the operational amplifier
Power supply line.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
Vcc
Vi
Tstg
Tj
Iref
ESD
Rthja
Rthja
DC Supply Voltage
DC Supply Voltage (50mA =< Icc)
Input Voltage
Storage temperature
Junction temperature
Voltage reference output current
Electrostatic Discharge
Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient Mini SO8 package
Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient SO8 package
Value
Unit
-0.3V to Vz
-0.3 to Vcc
-55 to 150
150
10
2
180
175
V
V
°C
°C
mA
KV
°C/W
°C/W
Value
Unit
4.5 to Vz
0 to 105
V
°C
OPERATING CONDITIONS
Symbol
Vcc
Toper
2/8
Parameter
DC Supply Conditions
Operational temperature
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
2
TSM1013
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Tamb = 25°C and Vcc = +18V (unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Condition
Min..
Typ.
Max.
Unit
1
mA
Total Current Consumption
Icc
Vz
Total Supply Current, excluding current
in Voltage Reference.
Vcc clamp voltage
Vcc = 18V, no load
Tmin. < Tamb < Tmax.
Icc = 50mA
28
V
Operator 1 : Op-amp with non-inverting input connected to the internal Vref
Vref+Vio
Input Offset Voltage + Voltage reference
TSM1013
TSM1013A
DVio
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
2.5446
2.545
Input Offset Voltage Drift
2.574
2.575
2.553
2.560
V
µV/°C
7
Operator 2
Vio
Input Offset Voltage
TSM1013
TSM1013A
DVio
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
1
0.5
Input Offset Voltage Drift
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
Input Bias Current
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
SVR
Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio
VCC = 4.5V to 28V
65
Vicm
Input Common Mode Voltage Range
Common Mode Rejection Ratio
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
70
60
Iib
CMR
Gm
Vol
Ios
Transconduction Gain. Sink Current
Only1
Low level output voltage at 10 mA sinking current
Output Short Circuit Current. Output to
Vcc. Sink Current Only
2
30
50
nA
20
50
150
200
nA
100
0
Output stage
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
1
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
mV
µV/°C
7
Input Offset Current
Iio
4
5
2
3
dB
Vcc-1.5
85
V
dB
3.5
2.5
mA/mV
200
600
mV
27
50
mA
2.545
2.57
2.557
V
20
30
Voltage reference
Vref
∆Vref
Reference Input Voltage, Iload=1mA
TSM1013 1% precision
TSM1013A 0.5% precision
Reference Input Voltage Deviation Over
Temperature Range
Reference input voltage deviation over
Vcc range.
Reference input voltage deviation over
RegLoad
output current.
RegLine
1)
Tamb = 25°C
Tmin. ≤ Tamb ≤ Tmax.
2.519
2.532
mV
Iload = 5mA
20
mV
Vcc = 18V,
0 < Iload < 10mA
10
mV
The current depends on the difference voltage beween the negative and the positive inputs of the amplifier. If the voltage on the minus
input is 1mV higher than the positive amplifier, the sinking current at the output OUT will be increased by 3.5mA.
3/8
TSM1013
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Fig. 1: Internal Schematic
1
2
Vref
Vcc 8
28V
Vref
Cc-
Cc out 7
CC
3
4
Cc+
Gnd
CV
Cv-
Cv out
6
5
Fig. 2: Typical Adapter Application Using TSM1013
To primary
8
Vcc
1
OUT+
D
Vref
28V
R2
IL
CV
R4
100K
TSM1013
CV Out
5
Cv-
4
Load
R3
100
+
3
Cc+
CC Out
CC
7
Rvc1
22K
+
R5 Vsense
10K
Rsense IL
6
Ric2
1K
R1
Cic1
2.2nF
Gnd
2
Cc-
Cvc1
2.2nF
Ric1
22K
OUT-
In the above application schematic, the TSM1013 is used on the secondary side of a flyback adapter (or
battery charger) to provide an accurate control of voltage and current. The above feedback loop is made
with an optocoupler.
4/8
TSM1013
Principle of Operation and Application Hints
3
VOLTAGE AND CURRENT CONTROL
Vsense = R5*Vref/(R4+R5)
Ilim = R5*Vref/(R4+R5)*Rsense
3.1 Voltage Control
The voltage loop is controlled via a first
transconductance operational amplifier, the
resistor bridge R1, R2, and the optocoupler which
is directly connected to the output.
The relation between the values of R1 and R2
should be chosen as writen in Equation 1.
R1 = R2 x Vref / (Vout - Vref)
Equation 1
Where Vout is the desired output voltage.
To avoid the discharge of the load, the resistor
bridge R1, R2 should be highly resistive. For this
type of application, a total value of 100KΩ (or
more) would be appropriate for the resistors R1
and R2.
As an example, with R2 = 100KΩ, Vout = 4.10V,
Vref = 2.5V, then R1 = 41.9KΩ.
Note that if the low drop diode should be inserted
between the load and the voltage regulation
resistor bridge to avoid current flowing from the
load through the resistor bridge, this drop should
be taken into account in the above calculations by
replacing Vout by (Vout + Vdrop).
where Ilim is the desired limited current, and
Vsense is the threshold voltage for the current
control loop.
Note that the Rsense resistor should be chosen
taking into account the maximum dissipation
(Plim) through it during full load operation.
Plim = Vsense x Ilim.
Equation 4
Therefore, for most adapter and battery charger
applications, a quarter-watt, or half-watt resistor to
make the current sensing function is sufficient.
The current sinking outputs of the two transconnuctance operational amplifiers are common
(to the output of the IC). This makes an ORing
function which ensures that whenever the current
or the voltage reaches too high values, the
optocoupler is activated.
The relation between the controlled current and
the controlled output voltage can be described
with a square characteristic as shown in the
following V/I output-power graph.
Fig. 3: Output voltage versus output current
3.2 Current Control
Vout
Voltage regulation
Current regulation
The current loop is controlled via the second
trans-conductance operational amplifier, the
sense resistor Rsense, and the optocoupler.
Vsense threshold is achieved externally by a
resistor bridge tied to the Vref voltage reference.
Its middle point is tied to the positive input of the
current control operational amplifier, and its foot is
to be connected to lower potential point of the
sense resistor as shown on the following figure.
The resistors of this bridge are matched to provide
the best precision possible
The control equation verifies:
Rsense x Ilim = Vsense
Equation 3
0
TSM1013 Vcc : independent power supply
Secondary current regulation
Iout
TSM1013 Vcc : On power output
Primary current regulation
4
COMPENSATION
Equation 2
5/8
TSM1013
START UP AND SHORT CIRCUIT CONDITIONS
sufficient supply for the TSM1013 has to be
ensured under any condition. It would then be
necessary to add some circuitry to supply the chip
with a separate power line. This can be achieved
in numerous ways, including an additional winding
on the transformer.
The
voltage-control
trans-conductance
operational amplifier can be fully compensated.
Both of its output and negative input are directly
accessible
for
external
compensation
components.
An example of a suitable compensation network is
shown in Fig.2. It consists of a capacitor
Cvc1=2.2nF and a resistor Rcv1=22KΩ in series.
6
The following schematic shows how to realise a
low-cost power supply for the TSM1013 (with no
additional windings).Please pay attention to the
fact that in the particular case presented here, this
low-cost power supply can reach voltages as high
as twice the voltage of the regulated line. Since
the Absolute Maximum Rating of the TSM1013
supply voltage is 28V. In the aim to protect he
TSM1013 against such how voltage values a
internal zener clamp is integrated.
The
current-control
trans-conductance
operational amplifier can be fully compensated.
Both of its output and negative input are directly
accessible
for
external
compensation
components.
An example of a suitable compensation network is
shown in Fig.2. It consists of a capacitor
Cic1=2.2nF and a resistor Ric1=22KΩ in series.
5
VOLTAGE CLAMP
START UP AND SHORT CIRCUIT
CONDITIONS
Rlimit = (Vcc-Vz)Ivz
Under start-up or short-circuit conditions the
TSM1013 is not provided with a high enough
supply voltage. This is due to the fact that the chip
has its power supply line in common with the
power supply line of the system.
Fig. 4: Clamp voltage
cc
Rlimit
Therefore, the current limitation can only be
ensured by the primary PWM module, which
should be chosen accordingly.
Vcc
Vz
Ivz
TSM1013
28V
If the primary current limitation is considered not
to be precise enough for the application, then a
Fig. 5:
Vcc
1
OUT+
D
8
Rlimit
To primary
Vcc
Vref
28V
DS
R2
IL
CV
R4
100K
TSM1013
CV Out
5
Cv-
4
Load
R3
100
+
3
Cc+
CC Out
CC
7
Rvc1
22K
+
Cc-
R5 Vsense
10K
Rsense IL
6/8
Ric2
1K
R1
Cic1
2.2nF
Gnd
6
+
2
CS
Cvc1
2.2nF
Ric1
22K
OUT-
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
7
TSM1013
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
SO-8 MECHANICAL DATA
DIM.
mm.
MIN.
TYP
inch
MAX.
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
A
1.35
1.75
0.053
0.069
A1
0.10
0.25
0.04
0.010
A2
1.10
1.65
0.043
0.065
B
0.33
0.51
0.013
0.020
C
0.19
0.25
0.007
0.010
D
4.80
5.00
0.189
0.197
E
3.80
4.00
0.150
0.157
e
1.27
0.050
H
5.80
6.20
0.228
0.244
h
0.25
0.50
0.010
0.020
L
0.40
1.27
0.016
0.050
k
ddd
8˚ (max.)
0.1
0.04
0016023/C
7/8
TSM1013
PACKAGE MECHANICAL DATA
Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the
consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from
its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications
mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information
previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or
systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics.
The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics
All other names are the property of their respective owners.
© 2003 STMicroelectronics - All Rights Reserved
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8/8
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