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101-0462

101-0462

  • 厂商:

    DIGIINTERNATIONAL

  • 封装:

    -

  • 描述:

    COMPUTER SINGLE BOARD BL2110

  • 数据手册
  • 价格&库存
101-0462 数据手册
Smartcat (BL2100) C-Programmable Single-Board Computer with Ethernet and Operator Interface User’s Manual 019–0103_M Smartcat (BL2100) User’s Manual Part Number 019-0103 • Printed in U.S.A. ©2001–2010 Digi International Inc. • All rights reserved. Digi International reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products without providing notice. Trademarks Rabbit, RabbitCore, and Dynamic C are registered trademarks of Digi International Inc. Rabbit 2000 is a trademark of Digi International Inc. The latest revision of this manual is available on the Rabbit Web site, www.rabbit.com, for free, unregistered download. Digi8 International Inc. www.rabbit.com Smartcat (BL2100) TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1 BL2100 Description..............................................................................................................................1 1.2 BL2100 Features...................................................................................................................................1 1.2.1 Connector Options ........................................................................................................................2 1.3 Optional Add-Ons.................................................................................................................................3 1.4 Development and Evaluation Tools......................................................................................................4 1.4.1 Tool Kit .........................................................................................................................................4 1.4.2 Software ........................................................................................................................................5 1.4.3 Online Documentation ..................................................................................................................5 1.5 CE Compliance .....................................................................................................................................6 1.5.1 Design Guidelines .........................................................................................................................7 1.5.2 Interfacing the BL2100 to Other Devices .....................................................................................7 Chapter 2. Getting Started 9 2.1 BL2100 Connections ............................................................................................................................9 2.2 Installing Dynamic C ..........................................................................................................................14 2.3 Starting Dynamic C ............................................................................................................................15 2.4 Run a Sample Program .......................................................................................................................15 2.4.1 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................................................................15 2.5 Where Do I Go From Here? ...............................................................................................................16 2.5.1 Technical Support .......................................................................................................................16 Chapter 3. Subsystems 17 3.1 BL2100 Pinouts ..................................................................................................................................18 3.1.1 Headers and Screw Terminals.....................................................................................................19 3.2 Digital I/O ...........................................................................................................................................20 3.2.1 Digital Inputs...............................................................................................................................20 3.2.2 Digital Outputs ............................................................................................................................21 3.3 Serial Communication ........................................................................................................................23 3.3.1 RS-232 ........................................................................................................................................23 3.3.2 RS-485 ........................................................................................................................................23 3.3.3 Ethernet Port ...............................................................................................................................26 3.3.4 Programming Port .......................................................................................................................27 3.4 Programming Cable ............................................................................................................................28 3.4.1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode ....................................................................28 3.5 A/D Converter Inputs..........................................................................................................................29 3.6 D/A Converter Outputs .......................................................................................................................30 3.7 Analog Reference Voltage Circuit......................................................................................................31 3.8 Memory...............................................................................................................................................32 3.8.1 SRAM .........................................................................................................................................32 3.8.2 Flash Memory .............................................................................................................................32 3.9 Other Hardware...................................................................................................................................33 3.9.1 External Interrupts.......................................................................................................................33 3.9.2 Clock Doubler .............................................................................................................................34 3.9.3 Spectrum Spreader ......................................................................................................................34 User’s Manual Chapter 4. Software 35 4.1 Running Dynamic C........................................................................................................................... 35 4.1.1 Upgrading Dynamic C................................................................................................................ 37 4.1.2 Extras.......................................................................................................................................... 37 4.2 Sample Programs................................................................................................................................ 38 4.2.1 Digital I/O................................................................................................................................... 38 4.2.2 Serial Communication ................................................................................................................ 38 4.2.3 A/D Converter Inputs ................................................................................................................. 39 4.2.4 D/A Converter Outputs............................................................................................................... 39 4.2.5 Using Calibration Constants....................................................................................................... 40 4.2.6 Real-Time Clock ........................................................................................................................ 40 4.2.7 TCP/IP Sample Programs........................................................................................................... 40 4.2.8 LCD/Keypad Module Sample Programs.................................................................................... 40 4.3 BL2100 Libraries ............................................................................................................................... 41 4.4 BL2100 Function APIs....................................................................................................................... 42 4.4.1 Board Initialization..................................................................................................................... 42 4.4.2 Digital I/O................................................................................................................................... 43 4.4.3 Serial Communication ................................................................................................................ 45 4.4.4 A/D Converter Inputs ................................................................................................................. 46 4.4.5 D/A Converter Outputs............................................................................................................... 50 Chapter 5. Using the TCP/IP Features 55 5.1 TCP/IP Connections........................................................................................................................... 55 5.2 TCP/IP Sample Programs................................................................................................................... 57 5.2.1 How to Set IP Addresses in the Sample Programs..................................................................... 57 5.2.2 How to Set Up Your Computer for Direct Connect ................................................................... 58 5.2.3 Run the PINGME.C Demo...................................................................................................... 59 5.2.4 Running More Demo Programs With a Direct Connection ....................................................... 60 5.3 Where Do I Go From Here?............................................................................................................... 60 Appendix A. Specifications 61 A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Specifications.......................................................................................... 62 A.1.1 Exclusion Zone .......................................................................................................................... 64 A.1.2 Headers ...................................................................................................................................... 65 A.2 Conformal Coating ............................................................................................................................ 66 A.3 Jumper Configurations ...................................................................................................................... 67 A.4 Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports ..................................................................................................... 69 A.5 I/O Address Assignments.................................................................................................................. 71 Appendix B. Power Supply 73 B.1 Power Supplies .................................................................................................................................. 73 B.1.1 Power for Analog Circuits ......................................................................................................... 73 B.2 Batteries and External Battery Connections...................................................................................... 74 B.2.1 Replacing the Backup Battery ................................................................................................... 75 B.2.2 Battery-Backup Circuit .............................................................................................................. 75 B.2.3 Power to VRAM Switch ............................................................................................................ 76 B.2.4 Reset Generator.......................................................................................................................... 76 B.3 Chip Select Circuit............................................................................................................................. 77 Appendix C. LCD/Keypad Module 79 C.1 Specifications..................................................................................................................................... 79 C.2 Contrast Adjustments for All Boards ................................................................................................ 81 C.3 Keypad Labeling................................................................................................................................ 82 C.4 Header Pinouts................................................................................................................................... 83 C.4.1 I/O Address Assignments .......................................................................................................... 83 C.5 Mounting LCD/Keypad Module on the BL2100 .............................................................................. 84 C.5.1 Programming Cable Tips ........................................................................................................... 85 C.6 Bezel-Mount Installation ................................................................................................................... 87 C.6.1 Connect the LCD/Keypad Module to Your BL2100................................................................. 89 Smartcat (BL2100) C.7 Sample Programs ...............................................................................................................................90 C.8 LCD/Keypad Module Function Calls ................................................................................................92 C.8.1 LEDs...........................................................................................................................................92 C.8.2 LCD Display...............................................................................................................................93 C.8.3 Keypad......................................................................................................................................109 Appendix D. Plastic Enclosure 113 D.1 Assembly Instructions......................................................................................................................114 D.2 Dimensions ......................................................................................................................................116 Appendix E. Demonstration Board 119 E.1 Connecting Demonstration Board ....................................................................................................119 Index 123 Schematics 127 User’s Manual Smartcat (BL2100) 1. INTRODUCTION The BL2100 is a high-performance, C-programmable singleboard computer that offers built-in digital and analog I/O combined with Ethernet connectivity in a compact form factor. A Rabbit® 2000 microprocessor operating at 22.1 MHz provides fast data processing. An optional plastic enclosure and LCD/keypad module are available, and may be wall-mounted. 1.1 BL2100 Description The BL2100 is an advanced single-board computer that incorporates the powerful Rabbit 2000 microprocessor, flash memory, static RAM, digital I/O ports, A/D converter inputs, D/A converter outputs, RS-232/RS-485 serial ports, and a 10Base-T Ethernet port. 1.2 BL2100 Features • Rabbit® 2000 microprocessor operating at 22.1 MHz. • 128K static RAM and 256K flash memory standard, may be increased to 512K SRAM and 512K flash memory. • 40 digital I/O: 24 protected digital inputs and 16 high-current digital outputs provide sinking and sourcing outputs. • 15 analog channels: eleven 12-bit A/D converter inputs, four 12-bit D/A converter 0–10 V outputs (selected models). • One RJ-45 Ethernet port compliant with IEEE 802.3 standard for 10Base-T Ethernet protocol (selected models). • Two Ethernet status LEDs (selected models). • Four serial ports (2 RS-232 or 1 RS-232 with RTS/CTS, 1 RS-485, and 1 CMOS-compatible programming port). • Battery-backed real-time clock. • Watchdog supervisor. • Optional backlit 122 × 32 graphic display/keypad module. • Remote program downloading and debugging capability via RabbitLink. • Boards with the CE mark on their RabbitCore module are CE-compliant. User’s Manual 1 Four BL2100 models are available. Their standard features are summarized in Table 1. Table 1. BL2100 Models Feature BL2100 Microprocessor BL2110 BL2120 BL2130 Rabbit 2000 running at 22.1 MHz Static RAM 128K Flash Memory 256K RJ-45 Ethernet Connector, Filter Capacitors, and LEDs Yes No A/D Converter Inputs (-10 V to + 10 V) Yes No Yes No D/A Converter Outputs (0 V to +10 V) Yes No Yes No RabbitCore Module Used RCM2200 RCM2300 Additional 512K flash/512K SRAM memory options are available for custom orders involving nominal lead times. Contact your Rabbit sales representative or authorized distributor for more information. Appendix A provides detailed specifications. 1.2.1 Connector Options In addition to the standard screw-terminal connectors supplied on BL2100 boards, IDC headers, bottom-mount sockets, and polarized friction-lock terminals may be factoryinstalled instead. Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com or contact your Rabbit sales representative or authorized distributor for further information. 2 Standard screw terminals, accept up to 14 AWG (1.5 mm2) wire Bottom-mount socket, 0.1" pitch IDC headers, 0.1" pitch Polarized friction-lock terminals, 0.1" pitch Smartcat (BL2100) 1.3 Optional Add-Ons • Plastic enclosure (can be wall-mounted or panel-mounted) with LCD/keypad module that comprises a 122 × 32 LCD graphic display, 7key keypad, and seven LEDs. The plastic enclosure consists of a base and a cover for an assembly made up of the BL2100 with the LCD/keypad module plugged in. • Plastic enclosure base. • LCD/keypad module. One enclosure base is included with the Tool Kit. Further details on these add-ons are provided in Appendix C and in Appendix D. Visit our Web site for up-to-date information about additional add-ons and features as they become available. The Web site also has the latest revision of this user’s manual. User’s Manual 3 1.4 Development and Evaluation Tools 1.4.1 Tool Kit A Tool Kit contains the hardware essentials you will need to use your own BL2100 singleboard computer. The items in the Tool Kit and their use are as follows. • BL2100 Getting Started instructions. • Dynamic C CD-ROM, with complete product documentation on disk. • Programming cable, used to connect your PC serial port to the BL2100. • Universal AC adapter, 12 V DC, 1 A (includes Canada/Japan/U.S., Australia/N.Z., U.K., and European style plugs). • Demonstration Board with pushbutton switches and LEDs. The Demonstration Board can be hooked up to the BL2100 to demonstrate the I/O. • Wire assembly to connect Demonstration Board to BL2100. • Plastic enclosure base with mounting screws. • Screwdriver. • Rabbit 2000 Processor Easy Reference poster. • Registration card. Figure 1. BL2100 Tool Kit 4 Smartcat (BL2100) 1.4.2 Software The BL2100 is programmed using version 7.06 or later of Rabbit’s Dynamic C. A compatible version is included on the Tool Kit CD-ROM. Dynamic C v. 9.60 includes the popular µC/OSII real-time operating system, point-to-point protocol (PPP), FAT file system, RabbitWeb, and other select libraries that were previously sold as individual Dynamic C modules. Rabbit also offers for purchase the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack featuring the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and a specific Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) library. In addition to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year telephonebased technical support subscription is also available for purchase. Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com for further information and complete documentation, or contact your Rabbit sales representative or authorized distributor. 1.4.3 Online Documentation The online documentation is installed along with Dynamic C, and an icon for the documentation menu is placed on the workstation’s desktop. Double-click this icon to reach the menu. If the icon is missing, use your browser to find and load default.htm in the docs folder, found in the Dynamic C installation folder. The latest versions of all documents are always available for free, unregistered download from our Web sites as well. User’s Manual 5 1.5 CE Compliance Equipment is generally divided into two classes. CLASS A CLASS B Digital equipment meant for light industrial use Digital equipment meant for home use Less restrictive emissions requirement: less than 40 dB µV/m at 10 m (40 dB relative to 1 µV/m) or 300 µV/m More restrictive emissions requirement: 30 dB µV/m at 10 m or 100 µV/m These limits apply over the range of 30–230 MHz. The limits are 7 dB higher for frequencies above 230 MHz. Although the test range goes to 1 GHz, the emissions from Rabbit-based systems at frequencies above 300 MHz are generally well below background noise levels. The BL2100 single-board computer has been tested and was found to be in conformity with the following applicable immunity and emission standards. The BL2110, BL2120, and BL2130 single-board computers are also CE qualified as they are sub-versions of the BL2100 singleboard computer. Boards that are CE-compliant have the CE mark. Immunity The BL2100 series of single-board computers meets the following EN55024/1998 immunity standards. • EN61000-4-3 (Radiated Immunity) • EN61000-4-4 (EFT) • EN61000-4-6 (Conducted Immunity) Additional shielding or filtering may be required for a heavy industrial environment. Emissions The BL2100 series of single-board computers meets the following emission standards with the Rabbit 2000 spectrum spreader turned on and set to the normal mode. The spectrum spreader is only available with Rev. C or higher of the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor. This microprocessor is used in all BL2100 series boards that carry the CE mark. • EN55022:1998 Class A • FCC Part 15 Class A NOTE: The BL2100 satisfied the Class A limits but not the Class B limits. Such equipment need not be restricted in its sale, but the following warning must be included in the instructions for its use. Warning This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference, in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures. Additional shielding or filtering may be needed to meet Class B emissions standards. 6 Smartcat (BL2100) 1.5.1 Design Guidelines Note the following requirements for incorporating a BL2100 series single-board computer into your application to comply with CE requirements. General • The power supply provided with the Tool Kit is for development purposes only. It is the customer’s responsibility to provide a CE-compliant power supply for the end-product application. • When connecting the BL2100 single-board computer to outdoor cables, the customer is responsible for providing CE-approved surge/lighting protection. • Rabbit recommends placing digital I/O or analog cables that are 3 m or longer in a metal conduit to assist in maintaining CE compliance and to conform to good cable design practices. • When installing or servicing the BL2100, it is the responsibility of the end-user to use proper ESD precautions to prevent ESD damage to the BL2100. Safety • All inputs and outputs to and from the BL2100 single-board computer must not be connected to voltages exceeding SELV levels (42.4 V AC peak, or 60 V DC). • The lithium backup battery circuit on the BL2100 single-board computer has been designed to protect the battery from hazardous conditions such as reverse charging and excessive current flows. Do not disable the safety features of the design. 1.5.2 Interfacing the BL2100 to Other Devices There are two versions of the LCD/keypad module that may be used with the BL2100: a plug-in version (Part No. 101-0465), and a remote panel-mounted version with bezel (Part No. 101-0502). The BL2100 with the LCD/keypad module plugged in may be regarded as a “maintenance unit” that conforms to the same CE standards as does the BL2100 alone, where the entire assembly is mounted inside an enclosure, and the enclosure is only opened to “tune up” the system. In addition, the cable for a panel-mounted LCD/keypad module should be less than 30 cm (12") to maintain CE compliance. Appendix C provides complete information for mounting and using the LCD/keypad module. Since the BL2100 single-board computers are designed to be connected to other devices, good EMC practices should be followed to ensure compliance. CE compliance is ultimately the responsibility of the integrator. Additional information, tips, and technical assistance are available from your authorized Rabbit distributor, and are also available on our Web site at www.rabbit.com. User’s Manual 7 8 Smartcat (BL2100) 2. GETTING STARTED Chapter 2 explains how to connect the programming cable and power supply to the BL2100. 2.1 BL2100 Connections 1. Remove the RabbitCore module from the BL2100 main board, and set the module aside. The module is removed to allow access to the mounting holes on the main BL2100 board, and will be plugged back in to the main board later. EGND ACT DS2 JP5 JP1 R18 Y3 R16 R19 Q4 Q3 C13 R20 Q2 C12 R17 Q5 R21 R22 C14 J2 U1 C8 R9 R15 R8 R2 J1 U2 RT1 R37 R36 DO00 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 R151 C28 Y2 C2 D1 D2 R7 U6 DO02 DO01 C95 Y1 C4 R1 C17 DO03 R158 D3 DO06 DO05 DO04 R134 BT1 U3 DO08 DO07 C86 DO09 DIO1 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 R181 +K1 R135 R95 Q51 D15 R104 Q71 Q56 Q59 C75 C85 C72 Q47 Q44 R100 Q63 R132 +K2 R99 R11 R13 Q48 C69 Q4 R8 RP7 JP6 C13 R138 JP1 C17 Q67 C44 C25 Q52 C43 Q43 U7 R96 R186 R142 Q78 RP4 Q55 R136 R10 RP6 RP5 Q5 R103 R106 R82 Q34 R84 C14 R119 R7 C46 RP3 C61 Q36 Q30 Q21 R72 Q38 C56 Q32 C63 Q17 R88 R76 Q13 R90 C82 C49 RP14 RP15 C118 R9 R187 Battery R148 R140 C52 Q28 J22 C25 C50 R86 U4 C48 C51 C88 C65 C3 C74 C27 D9 U17 C22 C21 R41 Q26 R38 R81 C15 U10 J16 BT1 R139 R70 U5 C100 R159 R143 C24 RP9 JP3 JP4 D14 R39 R92 R80 U16 C92 U12 Flash EPROM C67 R11 C91 C90 R133 Q25 U18 U13 C89 D11 Q40 Q15 R146 R147 R145 R149 C93 R152 C94 TP4 C96 R154 R153 R156 C98 J20 C97 R161 C99 C8 C26 R155 R165 C103 R160 C101 R162 C104 Q19 C9 C102 C106 C54 D3 U20 R174 R74 Q11 U1 C27 C110 R172 D8 R78 Q23 C11 R175 C111 C87 RP11 L1 J21 C114 C113 C60 TVS1 C6 C7 R179 C115 R177 R178 R180 C12 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 R173 C58 D6 J1 C112 C5 D1 J7 J4 R176 LNK DS1 U2 Q75 C30 JP2 U8 U7 C1 BL2100 Main Board Q74 JP6 C7 RCM2200/RCM2300 Module GND C29 GND NOTE: If you are working with more than one BL2100 at a time, take care to keep the BL2100 main boards and their corresponding RabbitCore modules paired since the RabbitCore modules store calibration constants specific to the BL2100 main board to which they are plugged in. J17 D18 J14 J11 DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Figure 2. Remove RabbitCore Module from BL2100 Main Board User’s Manual 9 2. Attach the BL2100 main board to the plastic enclosure base. Position the BL2100 main board over the plastic enclosure base as shown below in Figure 3. Attach the BL2100 to the base using the four 4-40 × ¼ screws supplied with the enclosure base. +K1 DO09 DO08 DO07 DO06 DO05 DO04 DO03 DO02 DO01 DO00 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 DIO1 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 R181 C95 R151 R158 Q52 R96 Q48 Q44 R134 R95 Q51 R136 D15 C7 5 R104 Q71 RP7 JP6 Q56 Q59 RP5 Q5 Q4 R8 R100 Q63 C86 R135 R82 C72 Q47 Q34 Q38 R138 JP1 C69 Q67 C85 R103 C61 Q30 R99 Q43 R88 R84 Q36 R132 J7 C74 Q55 R92 C63 Q32 C13 Q28 Q21 R72 C44 R80 C56 R142 C43 R76 Q13 RP6 R119 R186 RP4 Q40 Q25 R9 R10 C46 R7 R90 R106 C17 C82 RP3 D14 D8 Q15 C54 C22 C21 J22 R187 R86 C65 U7 C14 U4 Q78 R148 R140 N0 C50 C49 RP14 RP15 R81 C118 R11 N3 C48 C52 C15 U10 J16 tery R143 ADCI ADCI C88 R133 C87 C51 R70 D9 U17 C100 R159 Bat N4 N1 R139 BT1 Q17 C97 R155 ADCI ADCI C89 U18 R74 R162 C02 ADCI N2 C92 C24 U12 RP9 J20 U16 C25 U13 C90 C8 C26 TP4 Q19 U5 C9 C102 1 DA C96 R152 R153 R145 C91 R146 R156 R154 R149 R147 R160 N5 C101 ADCI DAC0 C99 C98 C94 C93 Q11 D3 U20 ADCI N6 2 AG ND R165 R161 R78 U1 C27 C110 N7 J21 ADCI DAC0 C104 C103 C67 Q26 RP11 L1 R172 C106 D11 C60 TVS1 C6 C7 N8 DAC0 3 C111 R174 C58 Q23 ADCI R178 N9 C113 C11 ADCI R177 R179 C114 R175 C5 D1 C12 N10 R176 D6 J1 ADCI R180 C115 U2 Q75 C112 +K2 J4 Q74 R173 J17 D18 J14 J11 DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Figure 3. Attach BL2100 Main Board to Plastic Enclosure Base The plastic enclosure base facilitates handling the BL2100 during development, and provides an attractive mounting alternative. Alternatively, you may wish to use standoffs to protect the components on the other side of the board. The plastic enclosure base is offered as a separate option when individual BL2100 boards are purchased. NOTE: Appendix D, “Plastic Enclosure,” provides additional information and specifications for the plastic enclosure. 10 Smartcat (BL2100) 3. Reconnect the RabbitCore module to headers J16 and J17 on the BL2100 main board it was removed from earlier as shown in Figure 4. Be careful to align the pins over the headers, and do not bend them as you press down to mate the module with the BL2100 main board. C1 ACT EGND DS2 JP5 LNK JP1 C30 JP2 U8 U7 JP6 C7 GND C29 GND NOTE: If you are working with more than one BL2100 at a time, take care to keep the BL2100 main boards and their corresponding RabbitCore modules paired since the RabbitCore modules store calibration constants specific to the BL2100 main board to which they are plugged in. DS1 R18 Y3 R16 Q4 Q3 C13 R20 R19 Q2 C12 R17 Q5 R21 R22 C14 J2 U1 C8 R9 R15 R8 R2 U2 RT1 R37 R36 DO00 J1 C28 Y2 C2 D1 D2 R7 U6 DO02 DO01 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 C95 Y1 C4 R1 C17 DO03 R151 D3 DO06 DO05 DO04 R158 BT1 U3 DO08 DO07 R134 DO09 DIO1 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 R181 +K1 C86 R95 R135 C72 C75 C85 R99 D15 R104 Q71 R132 R103 J17 Q56 Q59 Q4 R8 RP7 JP6 C13 R11 R13 Q44 R100 Q63 C44 Q48 C69 Q67 C43 R138 Q52 RP5 Q5 C25 JP1 C17 R96 RP4 Q51 U7 C74 Q47 R136 RP6 R119 R7 Q43 Q34 R106 R82 R84 R90 C82 RP3 C61 Q36 Q30 Q21 R72 R86 Q38 C56 C65 C3 C63 Q17 Q32 R88 R76 Q13 J16 R186 R142 C50 C49 RP14 RP15 C118 C14 R10 C52 C46 C88 R9 R187 Q78 R140 C48 C51 Q28 J22 C25 Q55 C27 D9 U4 C22 C21 R41 Q26 R38 R81 C15 U10 J16 BT1 R139 R70 U5 JP3 JP4 D14 R92 R80 R39 U17 Battery R148 C24 RP9 C100 R159 C92 R133 Q25 U16 R143 C90 C89 C67 Q40 U18 U13 U12 D11 R11 C91 R147 R146 R149 C93 R145 C94 TP4 R152 R154 C96 R156 C98 R153 R161 C99 J20 C97 R165 C103 C8 C26 R155 C104 R160 C101 R162 C106 Q19 C9 C102 R172 D8 Q15 D3 U20 C111 C54 C27 C110 U1 R74 Q11 R175 R174 C87 R78 Q23 C11 C114 C113 RP11 L1 J21 R179 C115 R177 C60 TVS1 C6 C7 R180 R178 R173 C12 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 C112 C58 D6 J1 R176 C5 D1 +K2 U2 Q75 J7 J4 Q74 Flash EPROM J17 D18 J14 J11 DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Figure 4. Reconnect RabbitCore Module to BL2100 Main Board User’s Manual 11 4. Connect the programming cable to download programs from your PC and to program and debug the BL2100. Connect the 10-pin PROG connector of the programming cable to header J1 on the BL2100 RabbitCore module. Ensure that the colored edge lines up with pin 1 as shown. (Do not use the DIAG connector, which is used for a nonprogramming serial connection.) Connect the other end of the programming cable to a COM port on your PC. Make a note of the port to which you connect the cable, as Dynamic C will need to have this parameter configured. Note that COM1 on the PC is the default COM port used by Dynamic C. +K2 +K1 DO09 DO08 DO07 DO06 DO05 DO04 DO03 DO02 DO01 DO00 D11 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 GND EGND ACT DS2 R16 C14 R21 R22 C13 R20 R19 Q2 R181 C29 GND JP6 JP5 C30 JP2 JP1 R18 R15 U1 BT1 C8 R9 C12 R17 J2 R37 R36 C28 D3 RT1 U2 C7 U8 U7 R8 Y3 DIO1 C1 U3 Y2 C2 D1 D2 R7 U6 R158 R134 C86 R135 Y1 C4 R1 C17 R2 C95 R151 J1 C75 C85 D15 R104 Q71 Q56 R132 R95 Q51 Q44 Q59 RP7 C25 Q48 R100 Q63 R11 R13 C72 Q47 Q52 C69 Q67 Q4 R99 Q43 R136 R96 PROG JP6 C13 Q55 R84 C43 R82 Q36 RP4 C61 C63 Q21 R72 Q34 C56 R186 R142 RP3 C44 Q30 R88 Q17 Q32 Q38 R76 Q13 Q28 R10 C46 R8 JP1 C82 C49 RP14 RP15 R7 RP5 Q5 DS1 R138 C17 RP6 R119 Q78 R148 C52 C50 C14 R41 U4 C27 C3 R9 R187 Battery R143 R140 C48 C51 C88 C22 C21 J22 BT1 R139 U7 R38 LNK R106 JP3 JP4 J16 C25 R90 C118 Flash EPROM R39 R86 C65 R103 R92 R80 C91 C24 U12 U17 D9 R81 C15 U10 U5 C100 R159 C92 R133 Q25 U16 RP9 R11 R146 U18 U13 C90 C89 Q40 Q15 R145 R147 R152 R149 C93 C96 R154 C94 TP4 R153 R156 J20 C97 R161 C99 R155 R165 C103 R160 C101 R162 C104 C8 C26 PROG R70 Q19 C9 C102 C106 C54 D3 U20 R172 R74 RP11 L1 U1 C27 C110 C111 Q11 R175 R174 C98 R78 Q23 C11 C114 C113 J21 R179 C115 R177 TVS1 C6 C7 R180 R178 R173 C12 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 C74 D14 C67 Q5 C60 D8 D6 J1 C58 Q4 C5 D1 Q26 J1 R176 C112 C87 J7 U2 Q75 Q3 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 J4 Q74 J17 D18 J14 J11 DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIAG DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Colored edge Programming Cable Red shrink wrap To PC COM port Figure 5. Programming Cable Connections NOTE: Never disconnect the programming cable by pulling on the ribbon cable. Carefully pull on the connector to remove it from the header. NOTE: Some PCs now come equipped only with a USB port. It may be possible to use an RS-232/USB converter with the programming cable supplied with the Tool Kit. An RS232/USB converter (part number 20-151-0178) is available through the Web store. Note that not all RS-232/USB converters work with Dynamic C. 12 Smartcat (BL2100) 5. Connect the power supply. First, prepare the AC adapter for the country where it will be used by selecting the plug. The BL2100 Tool Kit presently includes Canada/Japan/U.S., Australia/N.Z., U.K., and European style plugs. Snap in the top of the plug assembly into the slot at the top of the AC adapter as shown in Figure 5, then press down on the spring-loaded clip below the plug assembly to allow the plug assembly to click into place. Connect the bare ends of the power supply to the +RAW and GND positions on screwterminal header J5 (IDC header J4) as shown in Figure 6. Figure 6. Power Supply Connections 6. Apply power. Plug in the AC adapter. If you are using your own power supply, it must provide 9 to 36 V DC (13 to 36 V DC if you intend to use the full range of the D/A converter outputs)—voltages outside this range could damage the BL2100. CAUTION: Unplug the power supply while you make or otherwise work with the connections to the headers. This will protect your BL2100 from inadvertent shorts or power spikes. NOTE: A hardware RESET is done by unplugging the AC adapter, then plugging it back in. User’s Manual 13 2.2 Installing Dynamic C If you have not yet installed Dynamic C version 7.06 (or a later version), do so now by inserting the Dynamic C CD in your PC’s CD-ROM drive. The CD will auto-install unless you have disabled auto-install on your PC. If the CD does not auto-install, click Start > Run from the Windows Start button and browse for the Dynamic C setup.exe file on your CD drive. Click OK to begin the installation once you have selected the setup.exe file. The installation program will guide you through the installation process. Most steps of the process are self-explanatory. Dynamic C uses a COM (serial) port to communicate with the target development system. The installation allows you to choose the COM port that will be used. The default selection is COM1. You may select any available port for Dynamic C’s use. If you are not certain which port is available, select COM1. This selection can be changed later within Dynamic C. Once your installation is complete, you will have up to three icons on your PC desktop. One icon is for Dynamic C, one opens the documentation menu, and the third is for the Rabbit Field Utility, a tool used to download precompiled software to a target system. If you have purchased the optional Dynamic C Rabbit Embedded Security Pack, install it after installing Dynamic C. You must install the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack in the same directory where Dynamic C was installed. The Dynamic C User’s Manual provides detailed instructions for the installation of Dynamic C and any future upgrades. NOTE: If you have an earlier version of Dynamic C already installed, the default installation of the later version will be in a different folder, and a separate icon will appear on your desktop. 14 Smartcat (BL2100) 2.3 Starting Dynamic C Once the BL2100 is connected to your PC and to a power source, start Dynamic C by doubleclicking on the Dynamic C icon on your desktop or in your Start menu. If you are using a USB port to connect your computer to the BL2100, choose Options > Project Options and select “Use USB to Serial Converter” under the Communications tab. Click OK. 2.4 Run a Sample Program Use the File menu to open the sample program PONG.C, which is in the Dynamic C SAMPLES folder. Press function key F9 to compile and run the program. The STDIO window will open on your PC and will display a small square bouncing around in a box. This program shows that the CPU is working. The sample program described in Section 5.2.3, “Run the PINGME.C Demo,” tests the TCP/IP portion of the board. 2.4.1 Troubleshooting If Dynamic C cannot find the target system (error message "No Rabbit Processor Detected."): • Check that the BL2100 is powered correctly — the AC adapter should be plugged in to the +RAW and GND positions on screw-terminal header J5 (IDC header J4). • Check both ends of the programming cable to ensure that they are firmly plugged into the PC and the PROG connector, not the DIAG connector, is plugged in to the programming port on the RabbitCore module with the marked (colored) edge of the programming cable towards pin 1 of the programming header. • Ensure that the RabbitCore module is firmly and correctly installed in its connectors on the BL2100 main board. • Dynamic C uses the COM port specified during installation. Select a different COM port within Dynamic C. From the Options menu, select Project Options, then select Communications. Select another COM port from the list, then click OK. Press to force Dynamic C to recompile the BIOS. If Dynamic C still reports it is unable to locate the target system, repeat the above steps until you locate the COM port used by the programming cable. If Dynamic C appears to compile the BIOS successfully, but you then receive a communication error message when you compile and load a sample program, it is possible that your PC cannot handle the higher program-loading baud rate. Try changing the maximum download rate to a slower baud rate as follows. • Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Communications menu. Select a slower Max download baud rate. User’s Manual 15 If a program compiles and loads, but then loses target communication before you can begin debugging, it is possible that your PC cannot handle the default debugging baud rate. Try lowering the debugging baud rate as follows. • Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Communications menu. Choose a lower debug baud rate. 2.5 Where Do I Go From Here? If the sample program ran fine, you are now ready to go on to other sample programs and to develop your own applications. The source code for the sample programs is provided to allow you to modify them for your own use. The BL2100 User’s Manual also provides complete hardware reference information and describes the software function calls for the BL2100 and the optional LCD/keypad module. For advanced development topics, refer to the Dynamic C User’s Manual and the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual, also in the online documentation set. 2.5.1 Technical Support NOTE: If you purchased your BL2100 through a distributor or Rabbit partner, contact the distributor or partner first for technical support. If there are any problems at this point: • Use the Dynamic C Help menu to get further assistance with Dynamic C. • Check the Rabbit Technical Bulletin Board and forums at www.rabbit.com/support/bb/ and at www.rabbit.com/forums/. • Use the Technical Support e-mail form at www.rabbit.com/support/. If the sample program ran fine, you are now ready to go on to explore other BL2100 features and develop your own applications. Chapter 3, “Subsystems,” provides a description of the BL2100’s features, Chapter 4, “Software,” describes the Dynamic C software libraries and introduces some sample programs, and Chapter 5, “Using the TCP/IP Features,” explains the TCP/IP features. 16 Smartcat (BL2100) 3. SUBSYSTEMS Chapter 3 describes the principal subsystems for the BL2100. •Digital I/O •Serial Communication •A/D Converter Inputs •D/A Converter Outputs •Analog Reference Voltage Circuit •Memory •External Interrupts Figure 7 shows these Rabbit-based subsystems designed into the BL2100. 32 kHz 11 MHz osc osc SRAM Flash RABBIT 2000 RS-232 Data Register Digital Input Data Register Digital Output RS-485 Decoder Control A/D Converter Ethernet RabbitCore Module Interface to LCD/Keypad Module D/A Converter Figure 7. BL2100 Subsystems User’s Manual 17 3.1 BL2100 Pinouts The BL2100 pinouts are shown in Figure 8(a) and Figure 8(b). Analog Outputs Analog Ground Analog Inputs ADC00 1 2 3 IN11 4 IN12 IN13 IN14 7 IN15 8 RS-485+ RS-485– PE5–INT GND IN23 IN22 IN21 1 IN20 2 12 IN05 11 IN04 5 10 IN03 6 9 IN02 8 IN01 7 IN00 9 6 TXB 10 5 RXB 11 4 TXC/RTS 12 3 RXC/CTS 13 2 +RAW 14 1 GND J5 Battery J14 R2 D2 R7 U6 Y1 C4 R1 C17 3 4 5 R9 R8 U3 U8 U7 C1 RT1 D3 U1 U2 J2 C30 JP2 JP1 6 7 8 9 R15 R19 C13 Q5 R21 R22 C14 R16 JP6 Y3 DS2 DS1 Q4 R20 LNK J2 10 11 12 Q3 R18 GND C25 Q2 C29 GND JP5 C28 C12 R17 C7 D1 R37 C8 BT1 R36 Y2 C2 Flash EPROM J1 J8 EGND OUT00 OUT01 OUT02 OUT03 OUT04 OUT05 OUT06 OUT07 OUT08 OUT09 +K1 1 J10 Digital Inputs 2 J2 3 1 4 2 5 3 6 4 7 5 8 6 9 7 10 8 11 9 12 10 JP3 JP4 OUT10 11 R41 OUT11 12 R38 OUT14 13 C27 OUT15 OUT12 14 R11 IN16 OUT13 15 R39 IN18 16 R13 Digital Outputs ADC09 ADC10 IN06 IN19 IN17 ADC08 IN07 C3 Digital Inputs IN10 DAC3 ADC05 ADC06 ADC07 13 RS-485 IN09 AGND DAC2 14 Digital Inputs IN08 ADC01 ADC02 ADC03 ADC04 DAC0 DAC1 Analog Inputs +K2 RS-232 Power Supply Digital Outputs K ACT Figure 8(a). BL2100 Pinouts (screw-terminal headers) NOTE: Screw-terminal header J2 and the associated analog I/O are not available on the BL2110 and the BL2130. 18 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.1.1 Headers and Screw Terminals Standard BL2100 models are equipped with two 1 × 12 screw-terminal strips (J8 and J14), and two 1 × 14 screw-terminal strips (J5 and J11). The BL2100 and BL2110 also have the RJ-45 Ethernet jack and one 1 × 16 screw-terminal strip (J2). There is provision on the circuit board to accommodate one of the following types of connectors instead of the screw-terminal strips. • 2 × 17, 2 × 20, and 2 × 25 IDC headers with a pitch of 0.1". • 1 × 17, 1 × 20, and 1 × 25 friction-lock connectors with a pitch of 0.1". The holes used by the friction-lock connectors are on the “outside” edges of the connector locations. • 1 × 17, 1 × 20, and 1 × 25 bottom-mount sockets with a pitch of 0.1". The holes for the bottom-mount sockets are on the “outside” edges of the connector locations The pinouts for these connectors are shown in Figure 8(b). Analog Outputs Analog Ground IN10 IN11 IN12 IN13 IN14 IN15 RS-485 RS-485+ RS-485– PE5–INT GND IN23 IN22 ADC09 ADC10 ADC07 ADC08 ADC05 ADC06 DAC2 DAC3 DAC1 AGND ADC04 DAC0 D2 R7 U6 Y1 C4 R1 C17 R9 R8 RT1 JP3 JP4 BT1 R36 U3 U8 U7 C1 D3 U1 U2 J2 C30 JP2 JP1 R15 R19 C13 C14 R16 Y3 DS2 DS1 Q5 R21 R22 LNK Q4 R20 JP6 GND C25 R18 C12 R17 Q3 C29 GND JP5 C28 Q2 C7 D1 R37 C8 Y2 C2 R41 OUT11 OUT10 R2 R38 OUT13 OUT12 J1 R11 Digital Outputs J7 J13 R13 OUT15 OUT14 Battery 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 C27 IN17 IN16 J4 R39 IN19 IN18 J10 C3 Digital Inputs IN21 IN20 J1 Flash EPROM Digital Inputs Analog Inputs 1 3 5 49 47 45 43 41 39 37 35 33 31 29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 J2 IN08 IN09 ADC02 ADC03 ADC00 ADC01 Analog Inputs EGND 39 37 35 33 31 29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 IN07 IN06 33 31 29 27 25 23 21 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 OUT00 OUT01 IN05 IN04 IN03 IN02 Digital Inputs IN01 IN00 TXB RXB TXC/RTS RXC/CTS +RAW GND RS-232 Power Supply OUT02 OUT03 OUT04 OUT05 Digital Outputs OUT06 OUT07 OUT08 OUT09 +K1 +K2 K ACT Figure 8(b). BL2100 Pinouts (other 0.1" connectors) NOTE: Header J1 and the associated analog I/O are not available on the BL2110 and the BL2130. User’s Manual 19 3.2 Digital I/O 3.2.1 Digital Inputs The BL2100 has 24 digital inputs, IN00–IN23, each of which is protected over a range of –36 V to +36 V. The inputs are factory-configured to be pulled up to +5 V, but they can also be pulled up to +K2 or down to 0 V in banks of eight by changing a surface-mounted 0  resistor as shown in Figure 9. +K2 0W Vcc Factory Default 27 kW 100 kW 1 nF Rabbit 2000™ Microprocessor GND Figure 9. BL2100 Digital Inputs [Pulled Up—Factory Default] NOTE: If the inputs are pulled up to +K2, the voltage range over which the digital inputs are protected changes to K2 – 36 V to +36 V. The actual switching threshold is approximately 2.40 V. Anything below this value is a logic 0, and anything above is a logic 1. The digital inputs are each fully protected over a range of -36 V to +36 V, and can handle short spikes of ±40 V. Normal Switching Levels Digital Input Voltage +40 V +36 V Spikes Spikes +3.3 V –40 V Spikes Figure 10. BL2100 Digital Input Protected Range 20 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.2.2 Digital Outputs The BL2100 has 16 digital outputs, OUT00–OUT15, which can each sink or source up to 200 mA. Figure 11 shows a wiring diagram for using the digital outputs in a sinking or a souring configuration. All the digital outputs sink and source actively. They can be used as high-side drivers, low-side drivers, or as an H-bridge driver. When the BL2100 is first powered up or reset, all the outputs are disabled, that is, at a high-impedance status, until the digoutConfig software function call is made. The digoutConfig call sets the initial state of each digital output according to the configuration specified by the user, and enables the digital outputs to their initial status. SINKING OUTPUT K1 or K2 D-REF DCNTL_[0–15] SOURCING OUTPUT K1 or K2 D-REF DCNTL_[0–15] Figure 11. BL2100 Digital Outputs OUT00–OUT07 are powered by to +K1, and OUT08–OUT15 are powered by +K2. K1 and K2 can each be up to 36 V. They don't have to be same. All the sinking current, which could be up to 3.2 A, is returned through the GND pins. Be sure to use a suitably sized GND and keep the distance to the power supply as short as possible. Since there are two GND terminals (header J5/J4, and header J11/J10), it is User’s Manual 21 highly recommend that you split the GND returns according to the two banks of digital outputs. +K For the H bridge, which is shown in Figure 12, K1 and K2 should be the same if two digital outputs used for the H bridge are on different banks. A B +K LOAD B A Figure 12. H Bridge 22 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.3 Serial Communication The BL2100 has two RS-232 serial ports, which can be configured as one RS-232 serial channel (with RTS/CTS) or as two RS-232 (3-wire) channels using the serMode software function call. Table 2 summarizes the options. Table 2. Serial Communication Configurations Serial Port Mode B C D 0 RS-232, 3-wire RS-232, 3-wire RS-485 1 RS-232, 5-wire CTS/RTS RS-485 The BL2100 also has one RS-485 serial channel and one CMOS serial channel that serves as the programming port. All four serial ports operate in an asynchronous mode. An asynchronous port can handle 7 or 8 data bits. A 9th bit address scheme, where an additional bit is sent to mark the first byte of a message, is also supported. Serial Port A, the programming port, can be operated alternately in the clocked serial mode. In this mode, a clock line synchronously clocks the data in or out. Either of the two communicating devices can supply the clock. The BL2100 boards typically use all four ports in the asynchronous serial mode. Serial Ports B and C are used for RS-232 communication, and Serial Port D is used for RS-485 communication. The BL2100 uses an 11.0592 MHz crystal, which is doubled to 22.1184 MHz. At this frequency, the BL2100 supports standard asynchronous baud rates up to a maximum of 230,400 bps. 3.3.1 RS-232 The BL2100 RS-232 serial communication is supported by an RS-232 transceiver. This transceiver provides the voltage output, slew rate, and input voltage immunity required to meet the RS-232 serial communication protocol. Basically, the chip translates the Rabbit 2000’s CMOS/TTL signals to RS-232 signal levels. Note that the polarity is reversed in an RS-232 circuit so that a +5 V output becomes approximately -10 V and 0 V is output as +10 V. The RS-232 transceiver also provides the proper line loading for reliable communication. RS-232 can be used effectively at the BL2100’s maximum baud rate for distances of up to 15 m. 3.3.2 RS-485 The BL2100 has one RS-485 serial channel, which is connected to the Rabbit 2000 Serial Port D through an RS-485 transceiver. The half-duplex communication uses the Rabbit 2000’s PB6 pin to control the transmit enable on the communication line. User’s Manual 23 DI08 DI09 R140 24 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 DI13 DI14 DI15 C44 C13 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND C43 DIO23 DIO22 J14 JP6 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 RP7 D18 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 DI12 RP4 C82 DI08 DI09 DI10 C87 R133 C89 R132 C85 DI11 DI12 DI13 C49 C50 C51 DI14 RP14 RP15 C88 R139 DI15 RP3 RP4 C43 C48 C44 C13 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND C52 C46 R132 C85 DI11 RP3 C48 DIO23 DIO22 J14 JP6 DIO21 DIO20 D18 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 RP7 C82 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 DI10 RP14 RP15 C52 C46 C49 R140 C50 C51 DI08 DI09 DI10 C87 R133 C89 R132 C85 DI11 DI12 DI13 C49 C50 C51 DI14 RP14 RP15 C88 R139 DI15 RP3 RP4 C43 C48 C44 C13 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND C52 C46 C87 C88 R139 R140 R133 C89 DIO23 DIO22 J14 JP6 DIO21 DIO20 C82 D18 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 RP7 The BL2100 can be used in an RS-485 multidrop network. Connect the 485+ to 485+ and 485– to 485– using single twisted-pair wires (nonstranded, tinned) as shown in Figure 13. Note that a common ground is recommended. Ground recommended J11 J11 J11 IN2 12 GND 11 PE5-INT 10 485– 9 485+ 8 IN15 7 IN14 IN1 J11 Figure 13. BL2100 Multidrop Network Smartcat (BL2100) The BL2100 comes with a 220  termination resistor and two 681  bias resistors installed and enabled with jumpers across pins 1–2 and 5–6 on header JP1, as shown in Figure 14. +K1 DO09 DO08 DO07 DO06 DO05 DO04 DO03 DO02 DO01 DO00 EGND DS2 ACT GND R16 Y3 C14 R21 R22 C13 R20 R19 Q2 Q5 JP6 R18 C12 R17 U1 BT1 R15 R8 C8 Q4 DIO1 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 R181 C29 GND JP5 JP1 C30 JP2 J2 R37 R36 U2 D3 RT1 D1 Y1 C4 R1 C17 C28 C7 U8 U7 C1 U3 Y2 C2 U6 R158 R134 D2 R7 R2 C95 R151 R9 C75 J1 D15 Q3 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 C86 Q44 R104 Q71 Q56 Q59 R135 R95 Q51 DS1 Factory JP1 Default C25 Q48 R100 Q63 R132 C72 Q47 Q52 C69 Q67 C85 J7 R99 Q43 R136 R96 RP7 JP6 C13 Q55 R84 R11 R13 R103 Q36 C43 R82 C63 RP4 C44 C61 Q32 Q34 R88 Q21 R72 R186 R142 R8 RP5 Q5 Q4 Q30 Q28 C56 Q38 R76 R10 R7 5 3 1 LNK R138 C17 RP6 R119 Q78 RP3 C74 D14 R92 Q40 R80 C14 C82 C49 RP14 RP15 JP1 C27 R11 R187 C46 C52 C50 JP4 R41 U4 R106 6 2JP3 4 C3 R9 Battery DIO7 R140 C51 C88 C22 C21 R90 U7 R38 J22 BT1 R139 R133 U17 R86 C65 C118 Flash EPROM R39 C48 C89 C87 R148 C24 RP9 D9 R81 C15 U10 U5 J16 C92 U12 C54 U16 R143 C90 Q17 J20 C25 U13 R74 R160 C101 C8 C100 R159 C91 R146 R149 R147 R145 R154 C93 R152 C98 C94 C96 R156 U18 R70 Q19 C9 C26 TP4 R153 R161 C99 C97 C103 R155 R165 R162 C106 C102 R174 C104 Q13 C27 U20 485– R172 RP11 D3 R53 681 W bias C111 R78 U1 6 Q25 R175 D8 R177 C67 TVS1 L1 Q15 C114 D11 C60 Q26 Q11 C115 C58 Q23 R58 220 W C5 D1 C11 termination C7 R179 J21 R180 R178 R173 C113 R51 681 W 2C6R176 C112 5 bias C12 1 C110 7 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 6 JP1 U2 Q75 D6 Q74 J1 U8 +K2 J4 485+ J17 D18 J14 J11 DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Figure 14. RS-485 Termination and Bias Resistors For best performance, the bias and termination resistors in a multidrop network should only be enabled on both end nodes of the network. Disable the termination and bias resistors on any intervening BL2100 units in the network by removing both jumpers from header JP1. TIP: Save the jumpers for possible future use by “parking” them across pins 1–3 and 4–6 of header JP1. Pins 3 and 4 are not otherwise connected to the BL2100. User’s Manual 25 3.3.3 Ethernet Port Figure 15 shows the pinout for the Ethernet port (J2 on the BL2100 module). Note that there are two standards for numbering the pins on this connector—the convention used here, and numbering in reverse to that shown. Regardless of the numbering convention followed, the pin positions relative to the spring tab position (located at the bottom of the RJ-45 jack in Figure 15) are always absolute, and the RJ-45 connector will work properly with off-the-shelf Ethernet cables. ETHERNET 1 8 1. 2. 3. 6. RJ-45 Plug E_Tx+ E_Tx– E_Rx+ E_Rx– RJ-45 Jack Figure 15. RJ-45 Ethernet Port Pinout RJ-45 pinouts are sometimes numbered opposite to the way shown in Figure 15. Two LEDs are placed next to the RJ-45 Ethernet jack, one to indicate an Ethernet link (LNK) and one to indicate Ethernet activity (ACT). The transformer/connector assembly ground is connected to the BL2100 module printed circuit board digital ground via a 0  resistor “jumper,” R29, as shown in Figure 16. RJ-45 Ethernet Plug R29 Board Ground Chassis Ground Figure 16. Isolation Resistor R29 The factory default is for the 0  resistor “jumper” at R29 to be installed. In high-noise environments, remove R29 and ground the transformer/connector assembly directly through the chassis ground. This will be especially helpful to minimize ESD and/or EMI problems. 26 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.3.4 Programming Port The RabbitCore module on the BL2100 has a 10-pin programming header. The programming port uses the Rabbit 2000’s Serial Port A for communication. Dynamic C uses the programming port to download and debug programs. The programming port is also used for the following operations. • Cold-boot the Rabbit 2000 on the RabbitCore module after a reset. • Remotely download and debug a program over an Ethernet connection using the RabbitLink EG2110. • Fast copy designated portions of flash memory from one Rabbit-based board (the master) to another (the slave) using the Rabbit Cloning Board. In addition to Serial Port A, the Rabbit 2000 startup-mode (SMODE0, SMODE1), status, and reset pins are available on the serial programming port. The two startup mode pins determine what happens after a reset—the Rabbit 2000 is either cold-booted or the program begins executing at address 0x0000. The status pin is used by Dynamic C to determine whether a Rabbit microprocessor is present. The status output has three different programmable functions: 1. It can be driven low on the first op code fetch cycle. 2. It can be driven low during an interrupt acknowledge cycle. 3. It can also serve as a general-purpose output. The /RESET_IN pin is an external input that is used to reset the Rabbit 2000 and the onboard peripheral circuits on the RabbitCore module. The serial programming port can be used to force a hard reset on the RabbitCore module by asserting the /RESET_IN signal. Alternate Uses of the Serial Programming Port All three clocked Serial Port A signals are available as • a synchronous serial port • an asynchronous serial port, with the clock line usable as a general CMOS input The programming port may also be used as a serial port once the application is running. The SMODE pins may then be used as inputs and the status pin may be used as an output. Refer to the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information. User’s Manual 27 3.4 Programming Cable The programming cable is used to connect the programming port of the RabbitCore module to a PC serial COM port. The programming cable converts the RS-232 voltage levels used by the PC serial port to the TTL voltage levels used by the Rabbit 2000. When the PROG connector on the programming cable is connected to the RabbitCore module’s programming header, programs can be downloaded and debugged over the serial interface. The DIAG connector of the programming cable may be used on the programming header of the RabbitCore module with the module operating in the Run Mode. This allows the programming port to be used as a regular serial port. 3.4.1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode The BL2100 is automatically in Program Mode when the PROG connector on the programming cable is attached to the RabbitCore module, and is automatically in Run Mode when no programming cable is attached. When the Rabbit 2000 is reset, the operating mode is determined by the status of the SMODE pins. When the programming cable’s PROG connector is attached, the SMODE pins are pulled high, placing the Rabbit 2000 in the Program Mode. When the programming cable’s PROG connector is not attached, the SMODE pins are pulled low, causing the Rabbit 2000 to operate in the Run Mode. Program Mode Run Mode Power DO00 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 DIO1 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 +K2 DIO7 +K1 DO09 DO08 DO07 DO06 DO05 DO04 DO03 DO02 DO01 DO00 J7 C95 R151 R158 R134 C86 Y3 Q5 R135 ACT DS2 R16 C14 R21 R22 C13 R20 R19 Q2 J2 R181 C85 R132 EGND GND C29 GND JP6 JP5 C30 JP2 JP1 R18 U2 C28 U1 C12 R17 RT1 D3 C8 R9 R15 C7 U8 U7 D1 Y1 C4 R1 C17 R2 Q4 DIO1 C1 U3 Y2 C2 R37 D2 R7 U6 R36 R8 BT1 C75 J1 D15 Q3 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 C95 DO02 DO01 R151 DO03 R158 DO06 DO05 DO04 R134 DO08 DO07 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 R181 DO09 C86 R95 Q51 R135 R99 C72 Q47 R104 Q71 Q56 Q59 Q4 R8 RP7 JP6 C13 Q44 R100 Q63 C44 Q48 C69 Q67 RP6 RP5 Q5 Q52 R96 C43 Q43 R136 C85 R103 Q55 Q34 RP4 R82 R84 RP3 R138 JP1 C17 C82 C49 C61 Q30 Q36 R132 C74 D14 Q21 R72 Q38 C56 Q32 C63 Q17 DIO23 DIO22 R76 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND R88 DI15 Q28 DI14 R92 R186 R142 DI13 R80 R10 DI12 U7 C14 R11 R7 C46 C52 C50 R106 C118 R119 Q78 R148 C51 C88 R90 R81 C15 U10 R9 R187 Battery R143 R139 R86 C65 U4 J22 BT1 RP14 RP15 D9 U17 C22 C21 C25 C48 R140 DI11 Q40 Q15 C91 C24 R133 J17 D18 J14 DIO21 DIO20 Colored edge Programming Cable DIAG DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 J11 DI10 C67 J16 C92 C89 C54 U16 R70 U5 C100 R159 U13 C90 U12 R74 R146 U18 RP9 Q13 R145 R152 R149 C96 R154 R147 J20 TP4 R153 R156 C93 C8 C26 R161 C98 C94 Q19 C9 R160 C101 R165 C97 C106 R155 R174 C104 C99 Q11 D3 R162 R172 C103 R78 U1 C102 C111 Q25 Q23 R175 C27 C110 C75 J11 DI09 D8 D6 C114 C113 C11 C115 R177 C7 R179 RP11 L1 J14 DI08 D11 C60 TVS1 C6 J21 R180 C12 R173 C87 C58 Q26 R176 C112 D18 C5 D1 U20 R95 D15 R104 Q71 Q56 Q59 Q44 R100 Q63 J17 U2 Q75 R178 C72 Q48 C69 Q67 RP7 C25 Q74 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 R99 Q52 R13 R103 Q51 R96 PROG R11 JP6 C13 Q47 R136 C44 R82 C43 C61 R84 Q34 R186 R142 RP4 Q30 Q36 Q38 R72 C63 C56 Q32 R10 RP3 Q43 R76 R88 Q28 R11 R8 Q4 DS1 R138 JP1 C82 C49 Q55 R92 R80 Q40 Q21 Q15 C54 R7 C46 C52 C50 RP5 Q5 LNK R106 C17 RP6 R119 Q78 R148 C51 C88 RP14 RP15 C14 R41 U4 C27 C3 R9 R187 Battery R143 R140 R139 R133 Q17 C91 R146 BT1 C48 C89 R74 J22 R90 U7 R38 C22 C21 C65 JP3 JP4 J16 C25 R86 C118 Flash EPROM R39 C92 C24 U17 D9 R81 C15 U10 U5 C100 R159 U13 C90 U12 Q13 R145 R149 R147 R152 R154 C93 C96 R156 C94 U18 RP9 U16 C26 TP4 R153 C103 R161 R70 Q19 C8 J20 C97 R165 R155 C106 R160 C101 R162 R174 C104 C98 Q11 D3 C9 C102 R172 C99 R78 U1 U20 C111 Q25 Q23 R175 C27 C110 C113 C11 C114 R177 RP11 L1 J1 C74 D14 C67 TVS1 C6 C7 R179 C115 C12 R180 R178 R173 J21 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 R176 J4 D11 C60 D8 D6 J1 C58 Q26 C112 C87 C5 D1 +K1 U2 Q75 J7 J4 Q74 +K2 Power DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Red shrink wrap To PC COM port RESET BL2100 when changing mode: Cycle power off/on after removing or attaching programming cable. Figure 17. BL2100 Program Mode and Run Mode Set-Up A program “runs” in either mode, but can only be downloaded and debugged when the BL2100 is in the Program Mode. Refer to the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information on the programming port and the programming cable. 28 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.5 A/D Converter Inputs The single 14-channel A/D converter chip used in the BL2100 has a resolution of 12 bits (models BL2100 and BL2120 only). Eleven of the 14 channels are available externally, and three are used internally for the reference voltages: 4.096 V (Vref), 2.048 V (Vref/2), and Analog Ground. These internal voltages can be used to check the functioning of the A/D converter chip. The A/D converter chip only measures voltages between 0 V and the applied reference voltage. Therefore, each external input has circuitry that provides scaling and buffering. All 11 external inputs are scaled and buffered to provide the user with an input impedance of 1 M and a range of -10.24 V to +10.24 V. Figure 18 shows the buffered A/D converter inputs. 100 nF +V 200 kW R IN ADCIN0 ADCIN1 To ADC 1 MW 1 nF ADREF AGND Figure 18. Buffered A/D Converter Inputs The op-amp is powered from the +V supply. The 1 M and 200 k resistors set the gain (scale factor), which is 0.2 in this case. This results in a dynamic input range of 0.2 × 20.48 V or 4.096 V. The center point of this range is set by the 1.707 V reference voltage. With the reference set to 1.707 V, the center point is at 0 V and the input voltage can range from -10.24 V to +10.24 V. To maintain the best accuracy, the input range should be limited to -10.0 V to +10.0 V. The A/D converter inputs are factory-calibrated and the calibration constants are stored in flash memory. You may calibrate the A/D converter inputs at a later time using the software functions described in Section 4.4.4, “A/D Converter Inputs.” The GETCALIB.C and the SAVECALIB.C sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\BL2100\ Calib_Save_Retrieve folder illustrate how to retrieve and save calibration data. User’s Manual 29 3.6 D/A Converter Outputs Only the BL2100 and the BL2120 models are stuffed with D/A converters. The D/A converter outputs are buffered and scaled to provide an output from 0 V to +10 V. NOTE: The D/A converter output voltage depends on the original power-supply voltage, +RAW, so if +RAW < 13 V, the maximum D/A converter output will be +RAW – 3 V. Figure 19 shows the D/A converter outputs. 100 nF 255 kW 102 kW DAC ADREF DAC00 86.6 kW DAC01 AGND Figure 19. D/A Converter Outputs D/A Converter Output Current (mA) To stay within the maximum power dissipation of the D/A converter circuit, the maximum D/A converter output current is 10 mA per channel for a power-supply voltage, +RAW, up to 15 V, and drops to 2 mA per channel for a power-supply voltage of 36 V. 10 2 36 15 9 Power-Supply Voltage, +RAW (V) Figure 20. Maximum D/A Converter Output Current vs. Power-Supply Voltage The D/A converter inputs are factory-calibrated and the calibration constants are stored in flash memory. You may calibrate the A/D converter inputs at a later time using the software functions described in Section 4.4.5, “D/A Converter Outputs.” The GETCALIB.C and the SAVECALIB.C sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\BL2100\ Calib_Save_Retrieve folder illustrate how to retrieve and save calibration data. 30 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.7 Analog Reference Voltage Circuit Figure 21 shows the analog voltage reference circuit. +V 300 W 100 nF 14 kW ADREF 4.096 V ref diode 4.096 V 25.5 kW 1.707 V 10 kW 10.2 kW 2.926 V 2.048 V 100 nF 25.5 kW 100 nF 25.5 kW 100 nF Figure 21. Analog Reference Voltages This circuit generates the 4.096 V reference voltage, which is used by the A/D converter and by the D/A converters. This sets the operating range of the A/D converter and the D/A converters (0–10 V). To use the full accuracy of the A/D converter and the D/A converters, this voltage must be accurate to the same degree. The reference zener diode in combination with the 300  resistor form a shunt regulator. The 4.096 V reference voltage then feeds the A/D converter, the D/A converters, and the voltage divider composed of the 10 k and the 14 k resistors. The voltage divider generates a second reference voltage of 1.707 V to feed the four op-amps for the buffered A/D converter inputs. The 2.048 V reference voltage is also used to generate the 2.5 V reference for D-REF used in the digital output circuit. User’s Manual 31 3.8 Memory 3.8.1 SRAM The BL2100 module is designed to accept 128K to 512K of SRAM packaged in an SOIC case. The standard BL2100 modules come with 128K of SRAM. 3.8.2 Flash Memory The BL2100 is also designed to accept 128K to 512K of flash memory packaged in a TSOP case. The standard BL2100 modules comes with one 256K flash memory. NOTE: Rabbit recommends that any customer applications should not be constrained by the sector size of the flash memory since it may be necessary to change the sector size in the future. A Flash Memory Bank Select jumper configuration option based on 0  surface-mounted resistors exists at header JP2 on the RabbitCore module. This option, used in conjunction with some configuration macros, allows Dynamic C to compile two different co-resident programs for the upper and lower halves of the 256K flash in such a way that both programs start at logical address 0000. This is useful for applications that require a resident download manager and a separate downloaded program. See Technical Note 218, Implementing a Serial Download Manager for a 256K Flash, for details. 32 Smartcat (BL2100) 3.9 Other Hardware 3.9.1 External Interrupts The BL2100 is already configured to support external interrupts on pin 11 of screw-terminal header J11. The external interrupt circuit is shown in Figure 22. J11 12 11 10 External Interrupt Request INT1B 23 Interrupt Request #1 29 R66 1 kW INT0B Edge Detectors 24 Interrupt Request #0 30 Single-Interrupt Request Figure 22. Use of Rabbit 2000 External Interrupt In addition to its primary use as an external interrupt, pin 11 of screw-terminal header J11 may also be used as a CMOS-level digital input or output, or to generate a PWM signal. When using pin 11 as a CMOS-level digital input or output, use the standard Rabbit 2000 register function configuration for PE5 (on Parallel Port E) to set this pin up for your intended use. Be aware that there is no provision for protection against voltage spikes while PE5 is pulled up to Vcc with a 27 k pull-up resistor. The sample program PWM.C in the Dynamic C SAMPLES/BL2100 directory illustrates how to use pin 11 of screw-terminal header J11 to generate a PWM signal. User’s Manual 33 3.9.2 Clock Doubler The BL2100 takes advantage of the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor’s internal clock doubler. A built-in clock doubler allows half-frequency crystals to be used to reduce radiated emissions. The 22.1 MHz frequency is generated using an 11.0592 MHz crystal. The clock doubler is disabled automatically in the BIOS for crystals with a frequency above 12.9 MHz. The clock doubler may be disabled if 22.1 MHz clock speeds are not required. Disabling the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor’s internal clock doubler will reduce power consumption and further reduce radiated emissions. The clock doubler is disabled with a simple configuration macro as shown below. 1. Select the “Defines” tab from the Dynamic C Options > Project Options menu. 2. Add the line CLOCK_DOUBLED=0 to always disable the clock doubler. The clock doubler is enabled by default, and usually no entry is needed. If you need to specify that the clock doubler is always enabled, add the line CLOCK_DOUBLED=1 to always enable the clock doubler. The clock speed will be doubled as long as the crystal frequency is less than or equal to 26.7264 MHz. 3. Click OK to save the macro. The clock doubler will now remain off whenever you are in the project file where you defined the macro. 3.9.3 Spectrum Spreader BL2100 boards that carry the CE mark on their RabbitCore module have a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor that features a spectrum spreader, which helps to mitigate EMI problems. By default, the spectrum spreader is on automatically for BL2100 boards that carry the CE mark when used with Dynamic C 7.30 or later versions, but the spectrum spreader may also be turned off or set to a stronger setting. The means for doing so is through a simple configuration macro as shown below. . 1. Select the “Defines” tab from the Dynamic C Options > Project Options menu. 2. Normal spreading is the default, and usually no entry is needed. If you need to specify normal spreading, add the line ENABLE_SPREADER=1 For strong spreading, add the line ENABLE_SPREADER=2 To disable the spectrum spreader, add the line ENABLE_SPREADER=0 NOTE: The strong spectrum-spreading setting is unnecessary for the BL2000. 3. Click OK to save the macro. The spectrum spreader will now be set to the state specified by the macro value whenever you are in the project file where you defined the macro. There is no spectrum spreader functionality for BL2100 boards that do not carry the CE mark on their RabbitCore module or when using any BL2100 with a version of Dynamic C prior to 7.30. 34 Smartcat (BL2100) 4. SOFTWARE Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing embedded software. It runs on an IBM-compatible PC and is designed for use with single-board computers and other devices based on the Rabbit microprocessor. Chapter 4 provides the libraries, function calls, and sample programs related to the BL2100. 4.1 Running Dynamic C You have a choice of doing your software development in the flash memory or in the static RAM included on the BL2100. The flash memory and SRAM options are selected with the Options > Compiler menu. The advantage of working in RAM is to save wear on the flash memory, which is limited to about 100,000 write cycles. The disadvantage is that the code and data might not both fit in RAM. NOTE: An application can be developed in RAM, but cannot run standalone from RAM after the programming cable is disconnected. Standalone applications can only run from flash memory. NOTE: Do not depend on the flash memory sector size or type. Due to the volatility of the flash memory market, the BL2100 and Dynamic C were designed to accommodate flash devices with various sector sizes. BL2100s that are special-ordered with 512K flash/512K SRAM memory options have two 256K flash memories. By default, Dynamic C will use only the first flash memory for program code in these BL2100s. Uncomment the USE_2NDFLASH_CODE macro within the RABBITBIOS.C file in the Dynamic C BIOS folder to allow the second flash memory to hold any program code that is in excess of the available memory in the first flash. User’s Manual 35 Developing software with Dynamic C is simple. Users can write, compile, and test C and assembly code without leaving the Dynamic C development environment. Debugging occurs while the application runs on the target. Alternatively, users can compile a program to an image file for later loading. Dynamic C runs on PCs under Windows 2000 and later—see Rabbit’s Technical Note TN257, Running Dynamic C® With Windows Vista®, for additional information if you are using a Dynamic C release prior to v. 9.60 under Windows Vista. Programs can be downloaded at baud rates of up to 460,800 bps after the program compiles. Dynamic C has a number of standard features. • Full-feature source and/or assembly-level debugger, no in-circuit emulator required. • Royalty-free TCP/IP stack with source code and most common protocols. • Hundreds of functions in source-code libraries and sample programs:  Exceptionally fast support for floating-point arithmetic and transcendental functions.  RS-232 and RS-485 serial communication.  Analog and digital I/O drivers.  I2C, SPI, GPS, file system.  LCD display and keypad drivers. • Powerful language extensions for cooperative or preemptive multitasking • Loader utility program to load binary images into Rabbit-based targets in the absence of Dynamic C. • Provision for customers to create their own source code libraries and augment on-line help by creating “function description” block comments using a special format for library functions. • Execution tracing and symbolic stack tracing. • Standard debugging features:  Breakpoints—Set breakpoints that can disable interrupts.  Single-stepping—Step into or over functions at a source or machine code level, µC/OS-II aware.  Code disassembly—The disassembly window displays addresses, opcodes, mnemonics, and machine cycle times. Switch between debugging at machine-code level and source-code level by simply opening or closing the disassembly window.  Watch expressions—Watch expressions are compiled when defined, so complex expressions including function calls may be placed into watch expressions. Watch expressions can be updated with or without stopping program execution.  Register window—All processor registers and flags are displayed. The contents of general registers may be modified in the window by the user.  Stack window—shows the contents of the top of the stack.  Hex memory dump—displays the contents of memory at any address.  STDIO window—printf outputs to this window and keyboard input on the host PC can be detected for debugging purposes. printf output may also be sent to a serial port or file. 36 Smartcat (BL2100) 4.1.1 Upgrading Dynamic C 4.1.1.1 Patches and Bug Fixes Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time. Check our Web site www.rabbit.com/support/ for the latest patches, workarounds, and bug fixes. The default installation of a patch or bug fix is to install the file in a directory (folder) different from that of the original Dynamic C installation. Rabbit recommends using a different directory so that you can verify the operation of the patch without overwriting the existing Dynamic C installation. If you have made any changes to the BIOS or to libraries, or if you have programs in the old directory (folder), make these same changes to the BIOS or libraries in the new directory containing the patch. Do not simply copy over an entire file since you may overwrite a bug fix; of course, you may copy over any programs you have written. Once you are sure the new patch works entirely to your satisfaction, you may retire the existing installation, but keep it available to handle legacy applications. 4.1.2 Extras Dynamic C installations are designed for use with the board they are included with, and are included at no charge as part of our low-cost kits. Starting with Dynamic C version 9.60, Dynamic C includes the popular µC/OS-II realtime operating system, point-to-point protocol (PPP), FAT file system, RabbitWeb, and other select libraries. Rabbit also offers for purchase the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack featuring the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and a specific Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) library. In addition to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year telephone-based technical support subscription is also available for purchase. Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com for further information and complete documentation. User’s Manual 37 4.2 Sample Programs Sample programs are provided in the Dynamic C Samples folder. The sample program PONG.C demonstrates the output to the STDIO window. The various directories in the Samples folder contain specific sample programs that illustrate the use of the corresponding Dynamic C libraries. The BL2100 folder provides sample programs specific to the BL2100. Each sample program has comments that describe the purpose and function of the program. Follow the instructions at the beginning of the sample program. To run a sample program, open it with the File menu (if it is not still open), compile it using the Compile menu, and then run it by selecting Run in the Run menu. The BL2100 must be connected to a PC using the programming cable as described in Section 2.1, “BL2100 Connections.” More complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User’s Manual. TCP/IP specific functions are described in the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual. Information on using the TCP/IP features and sample programs is provided in Section 5, “Using the TCP/IP Features.” 4.2.1 Digital I/O The following sample programs are found in the IO subdirectory in SAMPLES\BL2100. • DIGIN.C—Demonstrates the use of the digital inputs. Using the Demonstration Board, you can see an input channel toggle from HIGH to LOW when pressing a pushbutton on the Demonstration Board. See Appendix D for hookup instructions for the Demonstration Board. • DIGOUT.C—Demonstrates the use of the high-current outputs configured as either sinking or sourcing outputs. Using the Demonstration Board, you can see an LED toggle on/off via a high-current output. See Appendix D for hookup instructions for the Demonstration Board. • PWM.C—Demonstrates the use of Timer B to generate a PWM signal on PE5-INT located on header J11/J10. The program generates a 42 Hz PWM signal with the duty cycle adjustable from 1 to 99%. 4.2.2 Serial Communication The following sample programs are found in the RS232 subdirectory in SAMPLES\BL2100. • PUTS.C—Transmits and then receives an ASCII string on Serial Ports B and C. It also displays the serial data received from both ports in the STDIO window. • RELAYCHR.C—This program echoes characters over Serial Port B to Serial Port C. It must be run with a serial utility such as Hyperterminal. 38 Smartcat (BL2100) The following sample programs are found in the RS485 subdirectory in SAMPLES\BL2100. • MASTER.C—This program demonstrates a simple RS-485 transmission of lower case letters to a slave BL2100. The slave will send back converted upper case letters back to the master BL2100 and display them in the STDIO window. Use SLAVE.C to program the slave BL2100. • SLAVE.C—This program demonstrates a simple RS-485 transmission of lower case letters to a slave BL2100. The slave will send back converted upper case letters back to the master BL2100 and display them in the STDIO window. Use MASTER.C to program the master BL2100. 4.2.3 A/D Converter Inputs The following sample programs are found in the ADC subdirectory in SAMPLES\BL2100. • AD_CALIB.C—Demonstrates how to recalibrate an A/D converter channel using two knownvoltages to generate two coefficients, gain and offset, which are rewritten into the user block data area. The voltage that is being monitored is displayed continuously. Make sure that you don't exceed the voltage range of the A/D converter input channel. NOTE: This sample program will overwrite the calibration constants set at the factory. • AD1.C—Demonstrates how to access the A/D internal test voltages in both the TLC2543 and TLC1543 A/D converter chips. The program reads the A/D internal voltages and then uses the STDIO window to display the RAW data. • AD2.C—Demonstrates how to access the A/D channels using the anaInVolt function. The program uses the STDIO window to display the voltage that is being monitored. • AD3.C—Demonstrates how to access the A/D converter channels with the low-level A/D driver. The program uses the STDIO window to display the voltage that is being monitored on all the A/D channels using the low-level A/D driver. • AD4.C—Demonstrates how to use the A/D converter channels with the low-level A/D driver. The program uses the STDIO window to display the voltage (average of 10 samples) that is being monitored on all the A/D converter channels using the low-level A/D driver. 4.2.4 D/A Converter Outputs The following sample programs are found in the DAC subdirectory in SAMPLES\BL2100. • DACAL.C—This program demonstrates how to recalibrate an D/A converter channel using two known voltages, and defines the two coefficients, gain and offset, that will be rewritten into the D/A converter's EEPROM simulated in flash memory. NOTE: This sample program will overwrite the calibration constants set at the factory. • DAOUT1.C—This program outputs a voltage that can be read with a voltmeter. The output voltage is computed using the calibration constants that are read from the EEPROM simulated in flash memory. User’s Manual 39 • DAOUT2.C—This program demonstrates the use of both the D/A and the A/D converters. The user selects both the D/A converter and A/D channel to be used, then sets the D/A converter output voltage to be read by the A/D channel. All activity will be displayed in the STDIO window. 4.2.5 Using Calibration Constants The following sample programs are found in the Calib_Save_Retrieve subdirectory in SAMPLES\BL2100. Note that both sample programs prompt you to use a serial number for the BL2100. This serial number can be any 5-digit number of your choice, and will be unique to a particular BL2100. Do not use the MAC address on the bar code label of the RabbitCore module attached to the BL2100 since you may at some later time use that particular RabbitCore module on another BL2100, and the previously saved calibration data would no longer apply. • GETCALIB.C—This program demonstrates how to retrieve your analog calibration data to rewrite it back to the simulated EEPROM in flash with using a serial utility such as Tera Term. NOTE: Calibration data must be saved previously in a file by the sample program SAVECALIB.C. • SAVECALIB.C—This program demonstrates how to save your analog calibration coefficients using a serial port and a PC serial utility such as Tera Term. NOTE: Use the sample program GETCALIB.C to retrieve the data and rewrite it to the single-board computer. 4.2.6 Real-Time Clock If you plan to use the real-time clock functionality in your application, you will need to set the real-time clock. You may set the real-time clock using the SETRTCKB.C sample program from the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RTCLOCK folder. The RTC_TEST.C sample program in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RTCLOCK folder provides additional examples of how to read and set the real-time clock 4.2.7 TCP/IP Sample Programs TCP/IP sample programs are described in Chapter 5. 4.2.8 LCD/Keypad Module Sample Programs Sample programs for the LCD/keypad module are described in Section C.7. 40 Smartcat (BL2100) 4.3 BL2100 Libraries Two library directories provide libraries of function calls that are used to develop applications for the BL2100. • BL2100—libraries associated with features specific to the BL2100. The functions in the BL21xx.LIB library are described in Section 4.4, “BL2100 Function APIs,”. • TCPIP—libraries specific to using TCP/IP functions on the BL2100. Two other library directories provide libraries of function calls that are used to develop applications for the optional BL2100 LCD/keypad module. • DISPLAYS\GRAPHIC—libraries associated with LCD display. • KEYPADS–libraries associated with the keypad. The LCD/keypad module functions are described in Section C.8. Other generic functions applicable to all devices based on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor are described in the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual. User’s Manual 41 4.4 BL2100 Function APIs 4.4.1 Board Initialization void brdInit (void); Call this function at the beginning of your program. This function initializes the system I/O ports and loads all the A/D converter and D/A converter calibration constants from flash memory into SRAM for use by your program. If the LCD/keypad module is installed, this function will turn off LED DS1 to indicate that the initialization was successful. The ports are initialized according to Table A-3. SEE ALSO digOut, digIn, serMode, anaOut, anaIn, anaInDriver, anaOutDriver 42 Smartcat (BL2100) 4.4.2 Digital I/O void digOutConfig(unsigned int outputMode); Each of the BL2100 high-current outputs (OUT00–OUT15) has the capability of being configured in software as either sinking or sourcing using the digOutConfig function. Execute digOutConfig at the start of your application to initially set OUT00–OUT15 to be OFF for the type of circuit that you have, either sinking or sourcing. To properly set the high-current outputs, you will need to decide for each channel whether the output is sinking or sourcing. The digOutConfig function will then ensure that each output remains OFF when the digital output control interface is initialized. The individual high-current outputs remain activated until you activate the desired output driver(s)/channel(s) using digOut. NOTE: The brdInit function must be executed before calling digOutConfig. NOTE: You must execute the digOutConfig function to set the high-current drivers to be either sinking or sourcing. A runtime error will occur in digOut if digOutConfig has not executed. NOTE: The extra digital outputs resulting from the reconfiguration of IN16–IN23 as digital outputs are sinking outputs only and cannot be configured with digOutConfig. PARAMETER outputMode is a 16-bit parameter where each bit corresponds to one of the following high-current outputs. Bit 15 = high-current output channel OUT15 Bit 14 = high-current output channel OUT14 Bit 13 = high-current output channel OUT13 Bit 12 = high-current output channel OUT12 Bit 11 = high-current output channel OUT11 Bit 10 = high-current output channel OUT10 Bit 9 = high-current output channel OUT09 Bit 8 = high-current output channel OUT08 Bit 7 = high-current output channel OUT07 Bit 6 = high-current output channel OUT06 Bit 5 = high-current output channel OUT05 Bit 4 = high-current output channel OUT04 Bit 3 = high-current output channel OUT03 Bit 2 = high-current output channel OUT02 Bit 1 = high-current output channel OUT01 Bit 0 = high-current output channel OUT00 The high-current outputs can be configured to be sinking or sourcing outputs by setting the corresponding bit to an 0 or 1: 0 = sinking, 1 = sourcing. RETURN VALUE None. SEE ALSO brdInit, digOut EXAMPLE outputMode = 0x0ff1; // // // // // User’s Manual Outputs OUT15–OUT12 = Sinking Outputs OUT11–OUT08 = Sourcing Outputs OUT07–OUT04 = Sourcing Outputs OUT03–OUT01 = Sinking Output OUT00 = Sourcing 43 void digOut(int channel, int value); Sets the state of a digital output (OUT00–OUT15). Remember to call the brdInit and the digOutConfig functions before executing this function. A runtime error will occur for the following conditions: 1. channel or value out of range. 2. brdInit or digOutConfig was not executed before executing digOut. PARAMETERS channel is the output channel number (0–15, 0–23 if IN16–IN23 are configured as digital outputs). value is the output value (0 or 1). SEE ALSO brdInit, digIn, digOutConfig int digIn(int channel); Reads the state of an input channel. A run-time error will occur for the following conditions: 1. channel out of range. 2. brdInit was not executed before executing digIn. PARAMETER channel is the input channel number (0–23) RETURN VALUE The state of the input (0 or 1). SEE ALSO brdInit, digOut 44 Smartcat (BL2100) 4.4.3 Serial Communication Library files included with Dynamic C provide a full range of serial communications support. The RS232.LIB library provides a set of circular-buffer-based serial functions. The PACKET.LIB library provides packet-based serial functions where packets can be delimited by the 9th bit, by transmission gaps, or with user-defined special characters. Both libraries provide blocking functions, which do not return until they are finished transmitting or receiving, and nonblocking functions, which must be called repeatedly until they are finished. For more information, see the Dynamic C User’s Manual and Technical Note 213, Rabbit Serial Port Software. Use the following function calls with the BL2100. int serMode(int mode); User interface to set up BL2100 serial communication lines. Call this function after serXOpen(). Whether you are opening one or multiple serial ports, this function must be executed after executing the last serXOpen function AND before you start using any of the serial ports. This function is non-reentrant. If Mode 1 is selected, CTS/RTS flow control is exercised using the serCflowcontrolOn and serCflowcontrolOff functions from the RS232.LIB library. PARAMETER mode is the defined serial port configuration. Serial Port Mode B C D 0 RS-232, 3-wire RS-232, 3-wire RS-485 1 RS-232, 5-wire CTS/RTS RS-485 RETURN VALUE 0 if valid mode, 1 if not. SEE ALSO ser485Tx, ser485Rx void ser485Tx(void); Sets pin 3 (DE) high to enable the RS-485 transmitter. SEE ALSO serMode, ser485Rx void ser485Rx(void); Resets pin 3 (DE) low to disable the RS-485 transmitter. SEE ALSO serMode, ser485Tx, serCflowcontrolOn, serCflowcontrolOff User’s Manual 45 4.4.4 A/D Converter Inputs The functions in this section apply only to the BL2100 and the BL2120 models. int anaInCalib(int channel, int value1, float volts1, int value2, float volts2); Calibrates the response of the A/D converter channel as a linear function using the two conversion points provided. Gain and offset constants are calculated and placed into global table _adcCalib. PARAMETERS channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10). value1 is the first A/D converter channel value (0–4095). volts1 is the voltage corresponding to the first A/D converter channel value (-10 V to +10 V). value2 is the second A/D converter channel value (0–4095). volts2 is the voltage corresponding to the second A/D converter channel value (-10 V to +10 V). RETURN VALUE 0 if successful. -1 if not able to make calibration constants. SEE ALSO anaIn, anaInVolts, brdInit 46 Smartcat (BL2100) int anaInDriver(unsigned char cmd, char len); Reads the voltage of an analog input channel by serially clocking out an 8-bit command to the A/D converter. The driver has been designed for the Texas Instruments TLC2543 A/D converter used on the BL2100 and the BL2120. PARAMETERS cmd is formatted as follows. TLC2543 commands D7–D4 Channel 0–10 Channel 11 = (Vref+ - Vref-)/2 Channel 12 = VrefChannel 13 = Vref+ Channel 14 = software powerdown D3–D2 Output data length: 01—8 bits 00—12 bits (normally used as default) 11—16 bits (not supported by driver) D1 Output data format 0—MSB first 1—LSB first (not supported by driver) D0 Mode of operation 0—Unipolar (normally used as default) 1—Bipolar len is the output data length: 0 = 12-bit mode 1 = 8-bit mode RETURN VALUE A value corresponding to the voltage on the A/D converter input channel, which will be: 0–4095 for 12-bit A/D conversions 0–255 for 8-bit A/D conversions SEE ALSO anaIn, anaInVolts, brdInit EXAMPLE Look at the sample programs in SAMPLES\BL2100\ADC. User’s Manual 47 int anaIn(unsigned int channel); Reads the state of an A/D converter input channel. PARAMETER channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10) to read. RETURN VALUE A value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel (0–4095). SEE ALSO anaInVolts, anaInCalib, anaInfast, brdInit float anaInVolts(unsigned int channel); Reads the state of an A/D converter input channel and uses the previously set calibration constants to convert it to volts. PARAMETER channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10). RETURN VALUE A voltage value corresponding to the voltage on the analog input channel. SEE ALSO anaIn, anaInCalib, brdInit int anaInEERd(unsigned int channel); Reads the calibration constants, gain, and offset from the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located in reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF). PARAMETER channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10). RETURN VALUE 0 if successful. -1 if address is invalid or out of range. SEE ALSO anaInEEWr, brdInit 48 Smartcat (BL2100) int anaInEEWr(unsigned int channel); Writes the calibration constants, gain, and offset to the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located in reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF). PARAMETER channel is the A/D converter input channel (0–10) for which the calibration constants will be read. RETURN VALUE 0 if successful. -1 if address is invalid or out of range. SEE ALSO anaInEERd, User’s Manual brdInit 49 4.4.5 D/A Converter Outputs The functions in this section apply only to the BL2100 and the BL2120 models. int anaOutCalib(int channel, int value1, float volts1, int value2, float volts2); Calibrates the response of the D/A converter channel desired as a linear function using the two conversion points provided. Gain and offset constants are calculated and placed into global table _dacCalib. PARAMETERS channel is the D/A converter output channel (0–3). value1 is the first D/A converter value (0–4095). volts1 is the voltage corresponding to the first D/A converter value (0 V to +10 V). value2 is the second D/A converter value (0–4095). volts2 is the voltage corresponding to the second D/A converter value (0 V to +10 V). RETURN VALUE 0 if sucessful. -1 if not able to make calibration constants. SEE ALSO anaOut, anaOutVolts, brdInit 50 Smartcat (BL2100) void anaOutDriver(int power_control, int speed_control, int channel, unsigned int rawcount); Sets the voltage of a D/A converter output channel by serially clocking in 16 bits to a D/A converter using the following format: D15, D12 Register R1, Register R0 00—Write data to DAC OUTB 01—Write data to buffer 10—Write data to DAC OUTA 11—Reserved D14 Speed control 0—slow 1—fast (default) D13 Power control 0—normal (default) 1—powerdown D11–D0 Data bits, MSB–LSB (0–4095) PARAMETERS power_control is the D/A converter power control option (0—normal (default) or 1—powerdown). When the power-down mode is selected, the only other parameter that is used is the D/A converter channel (channel). The values of the other parameters are not considered. Two D/A converter channels are affected when putting a D/A converter output in powerdown or normal mode. Powerdown Mode: When power_control equals 1 and channel is 0 or 1, then both D/A converter channels 0 and 1 are put in powerdown mode (channels 2 and 3 not affected). When power_control equals 1 and channel is 2 or 3, then both D/A converter channels 2 and 3 are put in powerdown mode (channels 0 and 1 not affected). Normal Mode: When power_control equals 1 and channel is 0 or 1, then both D/A converter channels 0 and 1 are put in normal mode. (channels 2 and 3 not affected). When power_control equals 1 and channel is 2 or 3, then both D/A converter channels 2 and 3 are put in normal mode (channels 0 and 1 not affected). User’s Manual 51 speed_control is the D/A converter power control option (0—slow or 1—fast (default)). Mode Speed vs. Power Dissipation 0—slow 12 µs access vs. 1 mA 1—fast (default) 3 µs access vs. 2.3 mA Test conditions from TI's data sheet (TLV5618A D/A converter) for the speed-control option: - No load. - All inputs are at GND or VDD. - D/A converter latch = 0x800. channel is the D/A converter output channel to write (0–3). rawcount is the data value corresponding to the desired voltage on the analog output channel (0–4095). RETURN VALUE None SEE ALSO anaOut, anaOutVolts, anaOutCalib void anaOut(unsigned int channel, unsigned int rawcount); Sets the voltage of a D/A converter output channel. PARAMETERS channel is the D/A converter output channel (0–3). rawcount is a data value corresponding to the voltage desired on the output channel (0–4095). RETURN VALUE 0 if sucessful. -1 if rawcount is more than 4095. SEE ALSO anaOutDriver, anaOutVolts, anaOutCalib void anaOutVolts(unsigned int ch, float voltage); Sets the voltage of a D/A converter output channel by using the previously set calibration constants to calculate the correct data values. PARAMETERS channel is the D/A converter output channel (0–3). voltage is the voltage desired on the output channel. RETURN VALUE None. SEE ALSO anaOut, anaOutCalib, brdInit 52 Smartcat (BL2100) int anaOutEERd(unsigned int channel); Reads the calibration constants, gain, and offset from the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located in reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF). PARAMETER channel is the D/A converter output channel (0–3). RETURN VALUE 0 if successful. -1 if address or range is invalid. SEE ALSO anaOutEEWr, brdInit int anaOutEEWr(unsigned int channel); Writes the calibration constants, gain, and offset to the simulated EEPROM in flash memory (located in reserved user block memory area 0x1C00–0x1FFF). PARAMETER channel is the D/A converter output channel (0–3). RETURN VALUE 0 if successful. -1 if address or range is invalid. SEE ALSO anaOutEERd, brdInit User’s Manual 53 54 Smartcat (BL2100) 5. USING THE TCP/IP FEATURES Chapter 5 discusses using the TCP/IP features on the BL2100 and BL2110 boards. The TCP/IP feature is not available on BL2120 and BL2130 versions. 5.1 TCP/IP Connections Before proceeding you will need to have the following items. • If you don’t have Ethernet access, you will need at least a 10Base-T Ethernet card (available from your favorite computer supplier) installed in a PC. • Two RJ-45 straight through Ethernet cables and a hub, or an RJ-45 crossover Ethernet cable. The Ethernet cables and Ethernet hub are available from Rabbit in a TCP/IP tool kit. More information is available at www.rabbit.com. 1. Connect the AC adapter and the programming cable as shown in Chapter 2, “Getting Started.” 2. Ethernet Connections If you do not have access to an Ethernet network, use a crossover Ethernet cable to connect the BL2100 to a PC that at least has a 10Base-T Ethernet card. If you have Ethernet access, use a straight through Ethernet cable to establish an Ethernet connection to the BL2100 from an Ethernet hub. These connections are shown in Figure 23. BL2100 Board User’s PC BL2100 Board Ethernet cables Ethernet crossover cable Direct Connection (Network of 2 computers) To additional network Hub elements Direct Connection Using a Hub Figure 23. Ethernet Connections User’s Manual 55 The PC running Dynamic C through the serial programming port on the BL2100 does not need to be the PC with the Ethernet card. 3. Apply Power Plug in the AC adapter. The BL2100 is now ready to be used. NOTE: A hardware RESET is accomplished by unplugging the AC adapter, then plugging it back in, or by momentarily grounding the board reset input at pin 9 on screwterminal header J2. When working with the BL2100, the green LNK light is on when a program is running and the board is properly connected either to an Ethernet hub or to an active Ethernet card. The orange ACT light flashes each time a packet is received. 56 Smartcat (BL2100) 5.2 TCP/IP Sample Programs We have provided a number of sample programs demonstrating various uses of TCP/IP for networking embedded systems. These programs require that you connect your PC and the BL2100 together on the same network. This network can be a local private network (preferred for initial experimentation and debugging), or a connection via the Internet. 5.2.1 How to Set IP Addresses in the Sample Programs With the introduction of Dynamic C 7.30 we have taken steps to make it easier to run many of our sample programs. You will see a TCPCONFIG macro. This macro tells Dynamic C to select your configuration from a list of default configurations. You will have three choices when you encounter a sample program with the TCPCONFIG macro. 1. You can replace the TCPCONFIG macro with individual MY_IP_ADDRESS, MY_NETMASK, MY_GATEWAY, and MY_NAMESERVER macros in each program. 2. You can leave TCPCONFIG at the usual default of 1, which will set the IP configurations to 10.10.6.100, the netmask to 255.255.255.0, and the nameserver and gateway to 10.10.6.1. If you would like to change the default values, for example, to use an IP address of 10.1.1.2 for the BL2100 board, and 10.1.1.1 for your PC, you can edit the values in the section that directly follows the “General Configuration” comment in the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library. You will find this library in the LIB\TCPIP directory. 3. You can create a CUSTOM_CONFIG.LIB library and use a TCPCONFIG value greater than 100. Instructions for doing this are at the beginning of the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library in the LIB\TCPIP directory. There are some other “standard” configurations for TCPCONFIG that let you select different features such as DHCP. Their values are documented at the top of the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library in the LIB\TCPIP directory. More information is available in the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual. IP Addresses Before Dynamic C 7.30 Most of the sample programs use macros to define the IP address assigned to the board and the IP address of the gateway, if there is a gateway. Instead of the TCPCONFIG macro, you will see a MY_IP_ADDRESS macro and other macros. #define #define #define #define MY_IP_ADDRESS "10.10.6.170" MY_NETMASK "255.255.255.0" MY_GATEWAY "10.10.6.1" MY_NAMESERVER "10.10.6.1" In order to do a direct connection, the following IP addresses can be used for the BL2100: #define MY_IP_ADDRESS "10.1.1.2" #define MY_NETMASK "255.255.255.0" // #define MY_GATEWAY "10.10.6.1" // #define MY_NAMESERVER "10.10.6.1" In this case, the gateway and nameserver are not used, and are commented out. The IP address of the board is defined to be 10.1.1.2. The IP address of you PC can be defined as 10.1.1.1. User’s Manual 57 5.2.2 How to Set Up Your Computer for Direct Connect Follow these instructions to set up your PC or notebook. Check with your administrator if you are unable to change the settings as described here since you may need administrator privileges. The instructions are specifically for Windows 2000, but the interface is similar for other versions of Windows. TIP: If you are using a PC that is already on a network, you will disconnect the PC from that network to run these sample programs. Write down the existing settings before changing them to facilitate restoring them when you are finished with the sample programs and reconnect your PC to the network. 1. Go to the control panel (Start > Settings > Control Panel), and then double-click the Network icon. 2. Select the network interface card used for the Ethernet interface you intend to use (e.g., TCP/IP Xircom Credit Card Network Adapter) and click on the “Properties” button. Depending on which version of Windows your PC is running, you may have to select the “Local Area Connection” first, and then click on the “Properties” button to bring up the Ethernet interface dialog. Then “Configure” your interface card for a “10Base-T Half-Duplex” or an “Auto-Negotiation” connection on the “Advanced” tab. NOTE: Your network interface card will likely have a different name. 3. Now select the IP Address tab, and check Specify an IP Address, or select TCP/IP and click on “Properties” to assign an IP address to your computer (this will disable “obtain an IP address automatically”): IP Address : 10.10.6.101 Netmask : 255.255.255.0 Default gateway : 10.10.6.1 4. Click or to exit the various dialog boxes. BL2100 Board IP 10.10.6.101 Netmask 255.255.255.0 User’s PC Ethernet crossover cable Direct Connection PC to BL2100 Board 58 Smartcat (BL2100) 5.2.3 Run the PINGME.C Demo Connect the crossover cable from your computer’s Ethernet port to the BL2100’s RJ-45 Ethernet connector. Open this sample program from the SAMPLES\TCPIP\ICMP folder, compile the program, and start it running under Dynamic C. When the program starts running, the green LNK light on the BL2100 should be on to indicate an Ethernet connection is made. (Note: If the LNK light does not light, you may not have a crossover cable, or if you are using a hub perhaps the power is off on the hub.) The next step is to ping the board from your PC. This can be done by bringing up the MSDOS window and running the ping program: ping 10.10.6.100 or by Start > Run and typing the command ping 10.10.6.100 Notice that the orange ACT light flashes on the BL2100 while the ping is taking place, and indicates the transfer of data. The ping routine will ping the board four times and write a summary message on the screen describing the operation. User’s Manual 59 5.2.4 Running More Demo Programs With a Direct Connection The program SSI.C (SAMPLES\BL2100\TCPIP\) demonstrates how to make the BL2100 a Web server. This program allows you to turn the LEDs on an attached Demonstration Board from the Tool Kit on and off from a remote Web browser. LED0 and LED1 on the LCD/keypad module (LED1 and LED2 on the Demonstration Board) will match those on the Web page. As long as you have not modified the TCPCONFIG 1 macro in the sample program, enter the following server address in your Web browser to bring up the Web page served by the sample program. http://10.10.6.100. Otherwise use the TCP/IP settings you entered in the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library. The sample program SMTP.C (SAMPLES\BL2100\TCPIP\) allows you to send an E-mail when a switch on the Demonstration Board is pressed. Follow the instructions included with the sample program. The sample program TELNET.C (SAMPLES\BL2100\TCPIP\) allows you to communicate with the BL2100 using the Telnet protocol. This program takes anything that comes in on a port and sends it out Serial Port B. It uses digital input IN00 to indicate that the TCP/IP connection should be closed, and it uses high-current output OUT00 to indicate that there is an open connection. You may change the digital input and output to suit your application needs. Run the Telnet program on your PC (Start > Run telnet 10.10.6.100). As long as you have not modified the TCPCONFIG 1 macro in the sample program, the IP address is 10.10.6.100 as shown; otherwise use the TCP/IP settings you entered in the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library. Each character you type will be printed in Dynamic C's STDIO window, indicating that the board is receiving the characters typed via TCP/IP. 5.3 Where Do I Go From Here? NOTE: If you purchased your BL2100 through a distributor or Rabbit partner, contact the distributor or partner first for technical support. If there are any problems at this point: • Use the Dynamic C Help menu to get further assistance with Dynamic C. • Check the Rabbit Technical Bulletin Board and forums at www.rabbit.com/support/bb/ and at www.rabbit.com/forums/. • Use the Technical Support e-mail form at www.rabbit.com/support/. If the sample programs ran fine, you are now ready to go on. If the sample programs ran fine, you are now ready to go on. Additional sample programs are described in the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual. Refer to the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual to develop your own applications. An Introduction to TCP/IP provides background information on TCP/IP, and is available on our Web site. 60 Smartcat (BL2100) APPENDIX A. SPECIFICATIONS Appendix A provides the specifications for the BL2100 and describes the conformal coating. User’s Manual 61 A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Specifications Figure A-1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the BL2100. Figure A-1. BL2100 Dimensions NOTE: All measurements are in inches followed by millimeters enclosed in parentheses. All dimensions have a manufacturing tolerance of ±0.01" (0.25 mm). 62 Smartcat (BL2100) Table A-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the BL2100 without the optional LCD/keypad module plugged in. Appendix C provides specifications for the LCD/keypad. Table A-1. BL2100 Specifications Feature BL2100 BL2120 10Base-T, LNK and ACT LEDs None Flash Memory 256K (standard) SRAM 128K (standard) Backup Battery Digital Inputs Digital Outputs BL2130 Rabbit® 2000 at 22.1 MHz Microprocessor Ethernet Port BL2110 Panasonic CR2330 or equivalent 3 V lithium coin type, 265 mA·h standard using onboard battery holder; optional 3 V, 950 mA·h solder-in battery available 24 inputs hardware-configurable pull-up or pull-down, ± 36 V DC, switching threshold 2.4 V typical 16 outputs software toggled as sinking or sourcing, +36 V DC, 200 mA maximum per channel Analog Inputs Eleven 12-bit res., ± 10 V DC, 1 M up to 4,100 samples/s Analog Outputs Four 12-bit res., 0–10 V DC, update rate 12 kHz None Eleven 12-bit res., ± 10 V DC, 1 M up to 4,100 samples/s None None Four 12-bit res., 0–10 V DC, update rate 12 kHz None 4 serial ports: • two RS-232 or one RS-232 (with CTS/RTS) Serial Ports Serial Rate Connectors • one RS-485, onboard network termination and bias resistors • one 5 V CMOS-compatible programming port Max. burst rate = CLK/32 Max. sustained rate = CLK/64 one RJ-45 (Ethernet) one 2 × 5, 2 mm pitch (serial programming port) one power jack for AC adapter five screw-terminal connectors (accept up to 14 AWG/1.5 mm2 wire) (option for 0.1" IDC or friction-lock connectors) Real-Time Clock Timers Watchdog/Supervisor User’s Manual Yes Five 8-bit timers (four are cascadable from the first) and one 10-bit timer with two match registers Yes 63 Table A-1. BL2100 Specifications (continued) Feature BL2100 BL2110 BL2120 BL2130 9–36 V DC*, 1.5 W max. (without display), 3 W max. (with display) Power Operating Temperature –40°C to +70°C Humidity 5–95%, noncondensing Board Size 3.41" × 4.14" × 0.93" (87 mm × 105 mm × 24 mm) * 13 V to 36 V DC supply voltage required to support full 0–10 V DC output range of D/A converter A.1.1 Exclusion Zone (3) 0.12 (24) 0.93 (6) 0.25 It is recommended that you allow for an “exclusion zone” of 0.25" (6 mm) around the BL2100 in all directions when the BL2100 is incorporated into an assembly that includes other components. This “exclusion zone” that you keep free of other components and boards will allow for sufficient air flow, and will help to minimize any electrical or EMI interference between adjacent boards. An “exclusion zone” of 0.12" (3 mm) is recommended below the BL2100. Figure A-2 shows this “exclusion zone.” 4.14 (105) 0.25 0.25 (6) (6) 0.25 (6) (3) 0.12 (24) 0.93 Exclusion Zone 0.25 (6) 3.41 (87) 0.25 (6) Figure A-2. BL2100 “Exclusion Zone” 64 Smartcat (BL2100) A.1.2 Headers The BL2100 has an option for 0.1" IDC headers, friction-lock connectors, or bottommount sockets at J1, J4, J7, J10, and J13 for physical connection to other boards or ribbon cables. The holes on the “outside” edges of the connector locations are the holes used by the friction-lock connectors and by the holes in the bottom-mount sockets. Figure A-3 shows the BL2100 footprint. These values are relative to one of the mounting holes. (Two other mounting holes are located under the RabbitCore module.) 3.350 (85.1) 0.475 1.385 (12.1) (35.2) J7 J4 (12.4) (13.0) EGND R16 R21 R22 C13 Q5 Q4 R19 Q2 Q3 R20 J10 C12 R17 R15 U1 R11 R13 BT1 C8 R9 J1 R2 (1.4) 0.488 C14 R18 R37 Y1 C4 R1 C17 0.055 Y3 C25 R8 R36 D2 R7 U6 (11.6) 0.455 C3 J22 U2 R38 C27 C28 D3 D1 J2 JP3 JP4 R41 RT1 (53.6) (35.7) DS2 JP5 JP1 C30 JP2 U3 Y2 C2 Flash EPROM R39 1.405 (57.2) 2.110 (66.0) 2.250 2.600 LNK DS1 J21 0.513 ACT JP6 C7 U8 U7 C1 J20 GND C29 GND J1 J13 0.145 (3.7) 1.520 (38.6) 1.750 (44.5) 2.840 (72.1) Figure A-3. User Board Footprint for BL2100 NOTE: The same footprint applies for the IDC header and bottom-mount socket options. Headers J21, J22, and J23 are used to mount the optional LCD/keypad module. User’s Manual 65 A.2 Conformal Coating The areas around the crystal oscillator and the battery backup circuit on the BL2100 module have had the Dow Corning silicone-based 1-2620 conformal coating applied. The conformally coated areas are shown in Figure A-4. The conformal coating protects these high-impedance circuits from the effects of moisture and contaminants over time. +K2 +K1 DO09 DO08 DO07 DO06 DO05 DO04 DO03 DO02 DO01 DO00 J7 D11 EGND GND ACT DS2 R16 C14 R18 Conformally coated area R21 R22 C13 R20 R19 Q2 C12 R17 R15 U1 BT1 Y3 DIO2 DIO3 DIO4 DIO5 DIO6 DIO7 R181 C29 GND JP6 JP5 JP1 C30 JP2 J2 U2 D3 RT1 R37 R36 R8 Y1 C4 R1 C17 C8 R2 C28 C7 U8 U7 C1 U3 Y2 C2 D1 D2 R7 U6 R9 C75 J1 C95 R151 R158 R134 C86 R135 R95 Q51 D15 R104 Q71 Q56 C85 C72 Q47 Q44 R132 R99 C25 Q48 Q59 R11 R13 RP7 JP6 C13 Q52 R100 Q63 Q4 C69 Q67 C44 Q43 R136 R96 C43 Q55 R84 RP4 R82 Q36 RP3 C61 C63 Q34 Q32 R8 Q30 R88 Q21 R72 R7 JP1 C82 C49 RP14 RP15 Q38 Q28 C56 R186 R142 C50 R103 R92 Q40 R76 C54 Q17 R10 C52 C46 C88 R11 R140 C48 C51 RP5 Q5 DS1 R138 C17 RP6 R119 Q78 R148 BT1 R139 R133 R187 LNK R106 JP3 JP4 C14 R41 U4 C27 C3 R9 Battery R143 C24 C22 J22 R90 U7 R38 C21 R86 C65 C118 Flash EPROM J16 C92 C89 U17 D9 R81 C15 U10 U5 R39 C25 U13 C90 U12 R74 R160 C101 U16 RP9 C100 R159 C91 R146 R147 R145 R149 C93 R152 R154 C94 C96 R156 C8 C26 U18 R70 Q19 C9 J20 TP4 R153 C99 C97 R161 R155 R165 R162 C106 C103 Q13 D3 C102 R174 C104 R80 R78 U1 U20 R172 Q25 RP11 L1 Q15 R175 C111 C98 Q11 C6 C27 C110 C113 Q23 R177 C11 C114 C12 R179 C115 C7 R180 R178 R173 TVS1 J21 ADCIN10 ADCIN9 ADCIN8 ADCIN7 ADCIN6 ADCIN5 DAC03 DAC02 AGND DAC01 DAC02 ADCIN4 ADCIN3 ADCIN2 ADCIN1 ADCIN0 C74 D14 C67 Q5 C60 D8 D6 J1 C58 Q26 R176 C112 C87 C5 D1 Q4 DIO1 U2 Q75 Q3 GND +RAW 232CR 232CT 232DR 232DT DIO0 J4 Q74 J17 D18 J14 J11 DI08 DI09 DI10 DI11 DI12 DI13 DI14 DI15 RS485 RS485 PE5-INT GND DIO23 DIO22 DIO21 DIO20 DIO19 DIO18 DIO17 DIO16 DIO15 DIO14 DIO13 DIO12 DIO11 DIO10 Figure A-4. BL2100 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering procedures for surface-mounted components. A new conformal coating should then be applied to offer continuing protection against the effects of moisture and contaminants. NOTE: For more information on conformal coatings, refer to Rabbit Technical Note TN303, Conformal Coatings, in the online documentation set. 66 Smartcat (BL2100) A.3 Jumper Configurations Figure A-5 shows the header locations used to configure the various BL2100 options via jumpers. Top Side JP3 JP1 R69 R60 R56 R71 R59 R54 R70 R61 R57 JP2 Bottom Side Figure A-5. Location of BL2100 Configurable Positions User’s Manual 67 Table A-2 lists the configuration options. Table A-2. BL2100 Jumper Configurations Header JP1 JP2 JP3 Description RS-485 Bias and Termination Resistors Software I/O Configuration Option 1–2 5–6 Bias and termination resistors connected 1–3 4–6 Bias and termination resistors not connected* 1–2 Standard 2–3 Custom (IN16–IN23 are configured as digital sinking outputs) 1–2 Installed BL2100 BL2120 2–3 Not installed BL2110 BL2130 × × Analog Circuit Option R56 Pulled up to Vcc — Factory Default Pins Connected IN00–IN07 × R57 Pulled up to +K2 R54 Pulled down R60 Pulled up to Vcc — IN08–IN15 × R61 Pulled up to +K2 R59 Pulled down R69 Pulled up to Vcc — IN16–IN23 × R70 Pulled up to +K2 R71 Pulled down * Although pins 1–3 and 4–6 of header JP1 are shown “jumpered” for the termination and bias resistors not connected, pins 3 and 4 are not actually connected to anything, and this configuration is a “parking” configuration for the jumpers so that they will be readily available should you need to enable the termination and bias resistors in the future. 68 Smartcat (BL2100) A.4 Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports Figure A-6 shows the Rabbit 2000 parallel ports. PA0–PA7 Port A PC0, PC2 Port C (+Serial Ports C & D) PC1, PC3 Programming Port PC6 + 1 more output PB1, PC7, RES_IN + 2 more inputs PB0, PB2, PB4, PB5 PB7 Port B (+synch Serial Port B) RABBIT 2000 (Serial Port A) Ethernet Port 4 Ethernet signals 2 LED outputs Misc. I/O /RESET RAM Real-Time Clock Watchdog 7 Timers Slave Port Clock Doubler Backup Battery Support PD0–PD1, PD5 PD3–PD4 Port D (+Serial Port B) PE0–PE1, PE7 PE4–PE5 Port E Address Lines A0–A3 I/O Control IORD IOWR Data Lines D0–D7 Flash Figure A-6. BL2100 Rabbit-Based Subsystems Table A-3 lists the Rabbit 2000 parallel ports and their use in the BL2100. Table A-3. Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports Port I/O PA0 Input IN16 Pulled up PA1 Input IN17 Pulled up PA2 Input IN18 Pulled up PA3 Input IN19 Pulled up PA4 Input IN20 Pulled up PA5 Input IN21 Pulled up PA6 Input IN22 Pulled up PA7 Input IN23 Pulled up PB0 Input DAC_ADC_SDO Pulled up PB1 Input Not Used Pulled up PB2 Input ADC_EOC PB3 Input Not Used User’s Manual Signal Output Function State Driven by A/D converter Pulled up 69 Table A-3. Use of Rabbit 2000 Parallel Ports (continued) Port I/O Signal Output Function State PB4 Input I/O Configuration Option (header JP2) 1 = standard (JP2:1–2) 0 = custom* (JP2:2–3) PB5 Input Analog Circuit Option (header JP3) 1 = BL2100/BL2120 (JP3:1–2) 0 = BL2110/BL2130 (JP3:2–3) PB6 Output Not Used PB7 Output DAC_ADC_SDI PC0 Output TXD RS-485 Off Inactive high Inactive high Serial Port D PC1 Input PC2 Output RXD RS-485 Inactive high RTS/TXC RS-232 Inactive high Serial Port C PC3 Input CTS/RXC RS-232 Inactive high PC4 Output TPOUT– (Realtek reset) Initialized by sock_init PC5 Input TPOUT+ (Realtek INT0) Pulled up PC6 Output TXA Programming Port Inactive high Serial Port A PC7 Input RXA Programming Port Inactive high PD0 Input Realtek CLK Initialized by sock_init PD1 Input Realtek SDO Initialized by sock_init PD2 Output Not used Inactive high PD3 Output DAC CLK Line Inactive high PD4 Output ATXB RS-232 Inactive high Serial Port B PD5 Input ARXB RS-232 Inactive high PD6 Output Not used Inactive high PD7 Output Not used Inactive high PE0 Output Digital I/O strobe Inactive high PE1 Output External I/O enable Inactive high PE2 N/A Realtek IORB strobe Initialized by sock_init PE3 N/A Realtek SDI line Initialized by sock_init PE4 Input INT0B Tied to PE5 by 1 k resistor PE5 Input INT1B User interrupt input† PE6 N/A Realtek IOWB strobe Initialized by sock_init PE7 Output LCD_KEYPAD strobe Inactive high * IN16–IN23 are sinking outputs in this custom configuration † PE5 is driven by PE4 if the interrupt is not being used. 70 Smartcat (BL2100) A.5 I/O Address Assignments Table A-4 lists the external I/O addresses for the digital inputs and outputs. Table A-4. Digital I/O Addresses External Address Name 0000 DIPA Digital inputs IN00–07, read only 0001 DOPA Digital outputs OUT00–OUT07, write only 0002 DIPB Digital inputs IN08–15, read only 0003 DOPB Digital outputs OUT08–OUT15, write only Function PE1 serves as a system-enable control. When PE1 is high or in a high-impedance status, all BL2100 outputs are disabled (digital outputs and analog outputs are disabled, and RS-485 is at listen status). PE0 is configured as a strobe and is used for digital inputs, digital outputs, and the control register. The control register is located at 0xx4–0xx7, write only. The function of each bit is listed in Table A-5. Table A-5. Control Register Bit Map (External 0x0004–0x007) Bit Name Function 0 485_SEND RS-485 send/receive 1 DO_CS0 Digital output 0–08, enable low active 2 DO_CS1 Digital output 09–16, enable low active 3 Not used Not used 4 AO_CS Analog output 00–04, enable low active 5 DAC_CS0 Chip select for analog ch 00 and 01 6 DAC_CS1 Chip select for analog ch 02 and 03 7 ADC_CS Chip select for A/D converter PA0–PA7 are used with IN16–IN23, which may be reconfigured as sinking digital outputs OUT16–OUT23 by installing/removing components as reflected in the schematic. All analog inputs and outputs are accessed by a series connection. PD3 is served as a clock line while PB0 and PB7 are used for data in and data out, respectively. PD4 and PD5 are used for RS-485 communication. The direction of the communication is controlled by the control register. PC0, PC1, and PC2, PC3 are used for RS-232 communication. They can be used separately as two 3-wire RS-232, or they may be combined to work as a 5-wire RS-232 port. User’s Manual 71 72 Smartcat (BL2100) APPENDIX B. POWER SUPPLY Appendix B describes the power circuitry provided on the BL2100. B.1 Power Supplies Power is supplied to the BL2100 via header J5/J4. The BL2100 is protected against reverse polarity by a diode at D1 as shown in Figure B-1. SWITCHING POWER REGULATOR +RAW POWER IN J5/J4 D1 VIN C56 47 µF 14 15 8 1 12 U4 7 17 18 LM2575 Vcc 10 2 1 4 330 µH D1 L1 1N5819 3 C66 330 µF Figure B-1. BL2100 Power Supply The input voltage range is from 9 V to 36 V. A switching power regulator is used to provide a Vcc of +5 V for the BL2100 logic circuits. Vcc is not accessible to the user. The digital ground and the analog ground share a single split ground plane on the board, with the analog ground connected at a single point to the digital ground by a 0  resistor (R29). This is done to minimize digital noise in the analog circuits and to eliminate the possibility of ground loops. External connections to analog ground are made on header J2/J1, and external connections to digital ground are made on headers J5/J4 and J11/J10. B.1.1 Power for Analog Circuits Power to the analog circuits is provided by way of a two-stage low-pass filter, which isolates the analog section from digital noise generated by the other components. The analog power voltage +V powers the op-amp for the buffered A/D converter inputs, the A/D converter, the D/A converter, and the 4.096 V reference circuit. The maximum current draw on +V is less than 10 mA. +V is not accessible to the user. User’s Manual 73 B.2 Batteries and External Battery Connections The SRAM and the real-time clock have battery backup. Power to the SRAM and the realtime clock (VRAM) is provided by two different sources, depending on whether the main part of the BL2100 is powered or not. When the BL2100 is powered normally, and Vcc is within operating limits, the SRAM and the real-time clock are powered from Vcc. If power to the board is lost or falls below 4.63 V, the VRAM and real-time clock power will come from the battery. The reset generator circuit controls the source of power by way of its /RESET output signal. A replaceable 265 mA·h lithium battery provides power to the real-time clock and SRAM when external power is removed from the circuit board. The drain on the battery is typically less than 10 µA when there is no external power applied to the BL2100, and so the expected shelf life of the battery is 265 mA·h ------------------------ = 3.0 years. 10 µA The drain on the battery is typically less than 4 µA when external power is applied, and so the expected BL2100 battery in-service life is 265 mA·h ------------------------ = 7.5 years. 4 µA A long-life 950 mA·h solder-in battery is also provided for in the board layout. 74 Smartcat (BL2100) B.2.1 Replacing the Backup Battery The battery is user-replaceable, and is fitted in a battery holder. To replace the battery, lift up on the spring clip and slide out the old battery. Use only a Panasonic CR2330 or equivalent replacement battery, and insert it into the battery holder with the + side facing up. NOTE: The SRAM contents and the real-time clock settings will be lost if the battery is replaced with no power applied to the BL2100. Exercise care if you replace the battery while external power is applied to the BL2100. CAUTION: There is an explosion danger if the battery is short-circuited, recharged, or replaced incorrectly. Replace the battery only with the same type or an equivalent type recommended by the battery manufacturer. Dispose of used batteries according to the battery manufacturer’s instructions. B.2.2 Battery-Backup Circuit Figure B-2 shows the battery-backup circuit located on the BL2100 module. Internal Battery BT1 VBAT D3 R39 VRAM 2 kW T RT1 thermistor 22 kW R41 47 kW Vcc D2 D1 VBAT R38 10 kW R37 22 kW C17 10 nF R36 47 kW C27 10 nF VOSC Figure B-2. BL2100 Backup Battery Circuit The battery-backup circuit serves three purposes: • It reduces the battery voltage to the SRAM and to the real-time clock, thereby limiting the current consumed by the real-time clock and lengthening the battery life. • It ensures that current can flow only out of the battery to prevent charging the battery. • A voltage, VOSC, is supplied to U6, which keeps the 32.768 kHz oscillator working when the voltage begins to drop. VRAM and Vcc are nearly equal (
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