ProxSense® Series
IQS211A Datasheet
Single Channel Capacitive Proximity/Touch Controller with movement detection
The IQS211A ProxSense® IC is a self-capacitance controller designed for applications where
an awake/activate on proximity/touch function is required. The IQS211A is an ultra-low power
solution that uses movement detection for applications that require long term detection. The
IQS211A operates standalone or I2C and can be configured via OTP (One Time
Programmable) bits.
6 pin TSOT23-6
RoHS2
Compliant
Features
Pin compatible with IQS127D/ 128/ 227AS/
228AS/ 231A
Automatic Tuning Implementation (ATI)
On-chip movement detection algorithm
Forced activation when movement detected
Minimal external components
Down to 10aF capacitance resolution
Up to 60pF sensor load (with effective
movement detection)
Up to 200pF sensor load for touch
application
Multiple One-Time-Programmable (OTP)
options
Standalone direct outputs:
o Primary output (configurable)
Default: ACTIVATION
o Secondary output (configurable)
Default: MOVEMENT
1-Wire streaming interface:
o 1-Wire & event CLK signal
o Valuable for debugging
Various I2C configurations:
o Normal polling
o Polling with RDY interrupt on SCL
Representations only,
not actual markings
o
Runtime switch
to standalone
mode
Separate MOVEMENT
output
selection:
Pulse
Frequency
Modulation (PFM, default), Pulse Width
Modulation (PWM), Latched, or PWM only
active in activation
Low power consumption:
o 80uA (50 Hz response),
o 20uA (20 Hz response)
o sub-2uA (LP mode, optional zoom to
scanning mode with wake-up)
Low power options:
o Low power without activation
o Low power within activation
o Low power standby modes with
proximity wake-up / reset wake-up
Internal Capacitor Implementation (ICI)
Supply voltage: 1.8V to 3.3V
Low profile TSOT23-6 package
Applications
Wearable devices
Movement
anti-theft)
detection devices
(fitness,
Human Interface Devices
Proximity activated backlighting
Applications with long-term activation
White goods and appliances
Available Packages
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TA
TSOT23-6
-20°C to 85°C
IQS211A
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ProxSense® Series
1 Functional block diagram
VDDHI
VDDHI
VREG
Internal
regulator
BOD
POR
circuit
Digital - μP, RAM, ROM
Nonvolatile
memory
VSS
SDA / IO2
Analog
ProxSense Engine (ADC)
I2C
HW
or
GPIO
SCL / IO1
MCU
(Master)
Analog - Capacitive
offset calibration
Cx
Reference GND
(battery, metal frame,
copper pad)
Sensing Pad
∆E-field = ∆Capacitance
Figure 1-1 IQS211A functional block diagram
The IQS211A supports relative capacitance measurements for detecting capacitance changes.
Basic features of the IQS211A include:
Charge-transfer capacitance measurement technology (Analog ProxSense® Engine)
Finite state machine to automate detection and environmental compensation without
MCU interaction (integrated microprocessor)
Self-capacitance measurements
Signal conditioning to provide signal gain (Analog – Capacitive offset calibration)
Signal conditioning to provide offset compensation for parasitic capacitance (Analog –
Capacitive offset calibration)
Integrated calibration capacitors (Analog – Capacitive offset calibration)
Integrated timer for timer triggered conversions
Integrated LDO regulator for increased immunity to power supply noise
Integrated oscillator
Processing logic to perform measurement filtering, environmental compensation,
threshold detection and movement detection
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ProxSense® Series
2 Packaging and Pin-Out
The IQS211A is available in a TSOT23-6 package.
IO1 / SCL / 1WIRE 1
VSS 2
6 Cx
IQS
211
211A
IO2 / SDA 3
5 VDDHI
4 VREG
Figure 2-1 IQS211A pin-out (TSOT23-6 package)
Table 2.1 Pin-out description
IQS211A in TSOT23-6
Pin
Name
Type
Function
1
PRIMARY I/O
Digital Input/Output
2
3
4
5
VSS
SECONDARY I/O
VREG
VDDHI
Signal GND
Digital Input/Output
Regulator output
Supply Input
Cx
Sense electrode
6
Multifunction IO1 / SCL (I2C Clock signal) /
1WIRE (data streaming)
Multifunction IO2 / SDA (I2C Data output)
Requires external capacitor
Supply:1.8V – 3.6V
Connect to conductive area intended for
sensor
VDDHI
VDDHI
R2
DS0
40R
U1
5
VDDHI
6
CX
IO1/SCL/1WIRE
IO2/SDA/EVENT
2
C3
C4
1uF
100pF
GND
VREG
R4
R1
1
IO1/SCL/DATA
3
IO2/SDA/EVENT
4
VREG
470R
IO2/SDA/EVENT
CX
DS1
C5
10pF
R5
BLUE
IO1/SCL/DATA
470R
IQS211A
GND
GND
GREEN
470R
GND
C1
C2
1uF
100pF
GND
GND
VDDHI
VDDHI
R6
R7
4k7
4k7
IO1/SCL/DATA
IO2/SDA/EVENT
Figure 2-2 IQS211A reference schematic
Figure 2-2 shows the following:
Schematic for default power mode, see guide for capacitor selection in low power
modes below:
Low power scan
time
8ms (default) - 32ms
64ms
128ms
256ms
Capacitor
recommendation
C1 = 1µF
C3 = 1µF
C1 = 1µF
C3 = 2.2µF
C1 = 2.2µF
C3 = 4.7µF
C1 = 4.7µF
C3 = 10µF
C5 = 10pF load. This can be changed for slight variations in sensitivity. The
recommended value is 1pF to 60pF, depending on the capacitance of the rest of the
layout.
R1 = 470Ω 0603 for added ESD protection
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* R2: Place a 40Ω resistor in the VDDHI supply line to prevent a potential ESD induced
latch-up. Maximum supply current should be limited to 80mA on the IQS211A VDDHI
pin to prevent latch-up.
VDDHI
VDDHI
R2
DS1
40R
U1
5
VDDHI
CX
IO1/SCL/1WIRE
IO2/SDA/EVENT
2
C3
C4
1uF
100pF
GND
VREG
6
1
IO1/SCL/DATA
3
IO2/SDA/EVENT
4
VREG
R1
R5
470R
470R
CX
IO1/SCL/DATA
C5
10pF
IQS211A
IO2
GND
C1
C2
1uF
100pF
VDDHI
R4
R5
680R
10k
GND
GND
GND
GND
IO1/SCL/DATA
R4 required when
“VREG damping
on IO2” is selected
for lowest power
consumption
GND
Figure 2-3 IQS211A reference schematic for ultra-low power (ULP) modes with VREG
damping through IO2 selected (OTP bank3:bit3)
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ProxSense® Series
3 Configuration Options
The IQS211A offers various user selectable options. These options may be selected via I 2C
setup or one-time programmable (OTP) configuration. OTP settings may be ordered preprogrammed for bulk orders. I2C setup allows access to all device settings while entering direct
output mode as soon as selected by the MCU.
Azoteq offers a Configuration Tool (CT210 or later) and associated software that can be used
to program the OTP user options for prototyping purposes. For further information regarding
this subject, please contact your local distributor or submit enquiries to Azoteq at:
info@azoteq.com
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3.1 User Selectable OTP options
OTP bank 0
IQS211A 000000xx TSR (ordering code)
Bit7
6
Base Value / Coarse multiplier
5
Scan times
00 – 150 counts / 0
01 – 75 / 1
10 – 100 / 2
11 – 200 / 3
Idle / Active
00 - 9/9ms
01 - 9/64
10 - 32/32
11 - 32/64
See Proxsense® sensitivity
4
3
Prox wake-up
2
1
Bit 0
Low-power scan time
000 - 9ms
001 - 32ms
010 - 64ms
011 - 96ms
100- 128ms
101 - 160ms
110 - 192ms
111 - 256ms
0 – Active
direction
1 – Both
directions
See Figure 4-11
OTP Bank 1
IQS211A 0000xx00 TSR
Bit7
Touch late
release
(50%)
6
5
Filter halt / Wake-up threshold
4
3
Touch threshold
0 – Disabled
00 – 4 counts (+2 LP)
01 – 2 (+2 LP)
10 – 8 (+2 LP)
11 – 16 (+2 LP)
1 – Enabled
2
000 – 6/256 of LTA
001 – 2/256
010 – 16/256
011 – 32/256
100 – 48/256
101 – 64/256
110 – 80/256
111 – 96/256
IQS211A 00xx0000 TSR
Bit7
6
5
Reseed after no movement time
4
3
Movement output type
000 - 2s
001 - 5s
010 - 20s
011 - 1min
100 - 2min
101 - 10min
110 - 60min
111 - always halt
00 -Normal (PFM)
01 - PWM
10 - Constant Movement ,
clears upon no movement
timeout
11 - PFM combined with
activation output
Bit7
Reserved
6
6
Reserved
2
1
Output / User interface selection
Bit 0
000 -Activation(IO1) & Movement(IO2)
001 -Movement Latch(IO1) and Movement (IO2)
010 - Movement(IO1) & Input(IO2)
011 - Touch (IO1), Prox (IO2)
100 - 1Wire (IO1) & Clk (IO2) (only on events)
101 - I2C (polling*) no wakeup
110 - I2C with reset indication+RDY toggle on SCL
111 - I2C (polling*) +Wakeup +RDY toggle on SCL
I2C address fixed on 0x47
Runtime change from I2C to standalone is
possible
IQS211A 0x000000 TSR
5
OTP Bank 4
Bit7
1
Bit 0
Movement threshold
00 – 3 counts
01 – 6
10 – 15
11 – 2
OTP Bank 2
OTP Bank 3
sub-2µA
4
3
VREG
damping
through IO2
2
AC Filter
1
Halt charge /
Reseed on
IO1
Bit 0
IO1 (output) /
IO2 (input)
definition
0 – Disabled
1 – Enabled
(sub-2µA)
0 – Normal
1 – Increased
0 – Disabled
1 – Enabled
0 – Normal /
Halt charge
1 – PWM /
Reduce
sensitivity
Bit 0
IQS211A x0000000 TSR
5
4
3
2
1
ATI partial
Auto activation
(when
compensation
multiplier > 7)
ATI target
0 – Disabled
1 – Enabled
0 – Disabled
1 – Enabled
00 – 768 counts
01 – 1200
10 – 384
sub-2µA
11 – 192
* For sub-2µA power consumption see: “Low-power scan time”, “VREG damping” and “ATI target” settings (example configuration)
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3.2 I2C registers
2
Table 1.1 I C communications layout
I2C Communications Layout
Address/
Command/
Byte
Register name/s
R/W
Default
Value
00H
01H
10H
PRODUCT_NUM
VERSION_NUM
SYSFLAGS0
R
R
R/W
0x3D
0x01
41H
42H
Movement Value
CS_H
R
R
43H
83H
CS_L
LTA_H
R
R
84H
90H
91H
C4H
LTA_L
Touch Threshold_H
Touch Threshold_L
MULTIPLIERS
R
C5H
C6H
COMPENSATION
PROX_SETTINGS0
R/W
R/W
C7H
PROX_SETTINGS1
R/W
R/W
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Movement
Movement
Constant
PROX
n/a
n/a
Coarse multiplier
Base Value/ Coarse multiplier
for Partial ATI:
00 – 150/0
01 – 75/1
10 – 100/2
11 – 200/3
Do reseed
0 – Auto
reseed is in
seconds
1 – Auto
reseed is in
minutes
Halt
Charge/Reseed
on IO1, with
IO1 set as
output
If UI type 011:
0- Halt
charge/Reseed
1- Reduce
sensitivity
If UI type 000:
0- Normal
1- PWM touch
out
TOUCH
Bit 3
Show Reset
Bit 2
ATI Busy
Bit 1
Filter Halt
Bit 0
LP Active
Fine multiplier
0-255
Redo
ATI
0 – Active
direction
1 – Both
directions
00 –Normal (PFM)
01 – PWM
10 – Constant
Movement , clears upon
no movement timeout
11 – PFM combined with
activation output
000 - 9ms
001 - 32ms
010 - 64ms
011 - 96ms
100- 128ms
101 - 160ms
110 - 192ms
111 - 256ms
000 –Activation(IO1) & Movement(IO2)
001 –Movement Latch(IO1) and
Movement (IO2)
010 – Movement(IO1) & Input(IO2)
011 – Touch (IO1), Prox (IO2)
100 – 1Wire (IO1) & Clk (IO2) (only on
events)
101 – I2C (polling) no wakeup
110 - I2C with reset indication +RDY
toggle on SCL
111 – I2C (polling) + Wakeup + RDY
toggle on SCL
It is possible to change to non-I2C
modes when in I2C mode. I2C
functionality will only return after a
power cycle
C8H
PROX_SETTINGS2
R/W
C9H
CAH
CBH
CCH
CDH
CEH
ATI_TARGET
LP_PERIOD
PROX_THRESHOLD
TOUCH_THRESHOLD
MOVEMENT_THRESHOLD
AUTO_RESEED_LIMIT
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
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0 – Prox
Timeout of
2s
1 – Prox
timeout of
20s
n/a
AUTO
Activation on
start up
n/a
Touch Late
Release
(50%)
Partial ATI
enabled
Auto ATI
off
Increase
AC filters,
increase
touch
threshold
with
10counts,
halt with
4
x * 8 = ATI target
x * 16ms = sleep time
in Seconds or Minutes, based on PROX_SETTINGS1 bit 7.
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ProxSense® Series
mode also has access to all these settings.
4 Overview
The movement output may be chosen to
have a specific characteristic. This may be
PFM (movement intensity via pulse count
per time window), PWM, latched output or
PWM combined with the normal threshold
activation.
4.1 Device characteristics
The IQS211A is a device tailored for long
term proximity or touch activations. It
mainly offers two digital output pins, one
with an activation threshold for large
capacitive shifts and the other with a
4.1.1 Normal threshold operation
yes
Reset Timer
Default 3 min
MOV_OUT pin PULSE
Cross Threshold?
Capacitance DEC
yes
Activation False
IO1 pin1
DEACTIVATED
Cross
Threshold?
Capacitance INC
OR Movement
Detected?
no
Activation True
IO1 pin
ACTIVATED
yes
Movement
Detected?
no
no
no
Power On /
Reset
Auto-calibrate
Timer depleted
Timer Countdown
yes
Figure 4-1 Flow diagram of the typical IQS211A movement based user interface
threshold for small movements even during
a normal activation. There are also a few
options to combine these two digital outputs
where the application only allows for 1
output pin. These two outputs may be read
via the IC pins in standalone mode or used
for communications via I2C or 1-Wire
streaming mode.
With a normal activation (hand brought
close) the output will become active. The
output will de-activate as soon as the action
is reversed (hand taken away). In addition a
separate movement output will become
active when movement is detected
according to a movement threshold.
Movement may be detected before the
INC Capacitance (Counts) DEC
Various configurations are available via
one-time programmable (OTP) options. I2C
LTA (LONG TERM AVERAGE)
Threshold
Cross threshold
before time-out
Time
IO2
(Movement)
IO1
(Activation)
Timer Reset
(Internal)
Figure 4-2 Plot of IQS211A streaming data along with the digital
response
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INC Capacitance (Counts) DEC
ProxSense® Series
Performs recalibration routine
LTA (LONG TERM AVERAGE)
Threshold
No movement time-out
(default 2 sec)
IO2
(Movement)
IO1
(Activation)
Timer Reset
(Internal)
Figure 4-3 Example of a time-out event with re-calibration
normal threshold is crossed. Movement
detection is done via a completely separate
digital filter while improving the efficiency of
the sensor output (timer reset on
movement).
In a normal activation the output will stay
active for as long as movements are
detected. A time-out timer (configurable
time) will be reset with each movement.
4.1.2 Output forced by movement
There is the option to force the output
active for each movement detected. The
output will be cleared as soon as there is
no movement for the selected timer period.
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4.1.3 Long term recovery
When changing the sensor capacitive
environment, the sensor will adapt to the
new environment. If the new environment
decreases capacitance (wooden table to
air), the sensor will rapidly adapt in order to
accept new human activations. If the new
environment increases capacitance (like air
to steel table), the sensor will remain in
activation until a time-out occurs (as seen
in Figure 4-3) or until the device is returned
to its previous environment.
When the timer runs out, the output will be
de-activated. Re-calibration is possible after
de-activation because the timer will only
time-out with no movement around the
sensor.
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MOVEMENT LATCH & MOVEMENT UI
4.1.4 Choosing a user interface
The user interface can be defined via OTP
options or via an I2C register
ACTIVATION & MOVEMENT UI
NO ACTIVATION
NO ACTIVATION
Proximity detect
No movement
for x-seconds
(recalibrate)
No movement
for x-seconds
(recalibrate)
No
proximity
detect
Figure 4-6 MOVEMENT
LATCH UI state
Movement detect
diagram
ACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
Figure 4-4 ACTIVATION & MOVEMENT UI state
diagram
Figure 4-7 Remote control example of
movement latch UI application
Figure 4-5 Toy car example of default UI
1.
Lights off
2.
Touch roof, lights on
3.
No touch on roof, lights off
4.
While in use (movement), lights on
5.
Roof on ground = touch
6.
No movement causes time-out, lights
off
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1.
Remote backlight/LCD off
2.
Hand close to remote = LCD on
3.
Hand away, then LCD remains on
4.
LCD off after no movement time-out
5.
If remote in hand, but LCD off, then any
small movement turns on LCD.
6.
While in hand and movement, LCD
remains on.
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MOVEMENT & INPUT UI
Sensitivity
Increase
Sensitivity
Normal
4.1.5 Integrated features
Detection
field
Sensitivity
Normal
Input =
Reduce
The device includes an internal voltage
regulator and reference capacitor (Cs).
Various advanced signal processing
techniques are combined for creating a
robust solution.
These techniques include:
Movement detection filter (to release an
Capacitive
sensing pad
Figure 4-8 Device charging example of input UI
Device is operating on battery with
designed sensitivity
Device is plugged-in for charging
Device ground reference changes and
sensitivity increases
Input is given to reduce sensitivity
activation in the case of inactivity)
Advanced noise filtering on incoming
sample stream
Superior
methods
of
parasitic
capacitance
compensation
while
preserving sensitivity
Unique option for capacitive load
dependant activation on power-on
PROX & TOUCH UI
4.1.6 Communications protocols
The IQS211A offers a wide range of data
streaming modes each with a specific
purpose.
Standard 2-wire I2C polling is offered to
access the entire range of settings and data
offered by the IQS211A.
Figure 4-9 Proximity and touch state diagram
Touch
area
Capacitive
sensing pad
Proximity
area
Figure 4-10 Proximity and touch UI example
Proximity to the device activates proximity
output
Touching the device activates the touch
output (proximity remains triggered)
Movement features are integrated and
function the same as in the default
“ACTIVATION & MOVEMENT” user
interface
Another I2C option allows the device to be
configured via I2C then jump to any of the
other modes when the communication
window is closed. This option is offered to
give full control over selecting settings while
simplifying the main-loop code by only
responding to direct digital outputs. The
digital output pair will contain signature
pulses to indicate power-on reset or an
unexpected
reset
occurrence.
I2C
configuration should be re-initiated in the
event of an IQS211A reset.
A 1-wire data streaming interface is offered
for access to a variety of data over a single
line. The 1-wire implementation may be
enhanced (by using the IO2 pin) by only
reading data when the IO2 clock pin
toggles. The clock pin will only toggle when
an event is active and produce a clock
signal during this active period.
1-wire data streaming is a special use case
for debugging with optical isolation and
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PC
software.
For
other
requirements, please contact Azoteq at
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4.1.7 Automatic Calibration
Proven Automatic Tuning Implementation
(ATI) algorithms are used to calibrate the
device to the sense electrode. This
algorithm is optimised for applications
where a fixed detection distance is
required.
4.1.8 Capacitive sensing method
The charge transfer method of capacitive
sensing is employed on the IQS211A.
Charge is continuously transferred from the
Cx capacitor into a charge collection
capacitor (internal) until this capacitor
reaches a trip voltage. A “transfer cycle”
refers to the charging of Cx and transferring
the charge to the collection capacitor. The
“charge cycle” refers to process of charging
the collection capacitor to a trip voltage
using charge transfers. A charge cycle is
used to take a measurement of the
capacitance of a sense “pad” or “electrode”
relative to signal earth at a specific time.
4.2 Operation
4.2.1 Device Setup
The device may be purchased preconfigured (large orders or popular
configurations),
programmed
in-circuit
during production or simply setup via I2C.
4.2.2 Movement filter response
The movement filter runs continually and
the dedicated digital output will activate in
PFM (pulse frequency modulation), PWM
or latched mode.
4.2.3 External control
With
certain
user
interfaces,
the
“multifunction IO2” (optional line to connect
to master device) can be used to signal:
a “halt (sleep mode) and reseed” or
“reduce sensitivity” in MOV&INPUT
mode.
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a “halt (sleep mode) and reseed” in
ACT&MOV mode. When enabled, the
ACT output reads the input periodically.
RESEED
A short pulse (t > 15ms, t < 25ms) will
force the reference counts (long-term
average) to match the actual counts
(capacitance of sensor). The short pulse
for a reseed operation also applies to the
user configurable input option: “Reduce
sensitivity”.
HALT CHARGE (& RESET)
By writing the pin low for a longer time (t >
50ms), will force the IC into “halt charge”
for low current consumption. It is important
to consider current through the pull-up
resistor when in sleep mode.
The IC will perform a soft reset as soon as
the pin is released after 50ms or more.
With a soft reset the IC will remember the
activation state when going into the “halt
charge” mode. The state will be recalled at
the reset operation and cleared along with
the calibration.
In order to achieve a “halt charge” state
with minimal power consumption it is
recommended to configure the MCU
output as push-pull for the input pin and
perform the “halt charge”. With the
“movement latch” function defined, do the
operation twice to clear a possible
activation at the time of calling a “halt
charge”.
REDUCE SENSITIVITY
With a configurable bit the system
sensitivity may be changed. The input may
be used to reduce sensitivity in the
following way:
AC filter doubles in strength
Proximity threshold (filter halt) is
increased by 4 counts
Activation threshold is increased by
10 counts
Movement sensitivity threshold is
not changed
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4.2.4 Low power options
Various low-power configurations are offered in order to achieve the required current
consumption during activated and non-activated conditions.
These low power configurations make the power consumption and product response highly
configurable during various events.
Sleep time:
9 / 32 / 64 / 96 / 128 / 160/ 190 / 256ms
9ms
9ms
SLEEP
32ms
32ms
64ms 32ms
9ms
64ms
in ACTIVATION
IDLE
in filter halt
(proximity event)
no filter halt
Figure 4-11 Low power mode description from outside (no interaction), to inside (full interaction)
Scan time
Sample time
Response (standalone) /
Communication (I2C or 1-wire)
Sleep time
Figure 4-12 Sample-, scan-, sleep- and communication time diagram
4.3 ProxSense® sensitivity
The measurement circuitry uses a temperature stable internal sample capacitor (C S) and
internal regulated voltage (VREG). Internal regulation provides for more accurate measurements
over temperature variation.
The Automatic Tuning Implementation (ATI) is a sophisticated technology implemented on the
ProxSense® series devices. It allows for optimal performance of the devices for a wide range
of sense electrode capacitances, without modification or addition of external components. The
ATI functionality ensures that sensor sensitivity is not affected by external influences such as
temperate, parasitic capacitance and ground reference changes.
The ATI process adjusts three values (Coarse multiplier, Fine multiplier, Compensation) using
two parameters (ATI base and ATI target) as inputs. An 8-bit compensation value ensures that
an accurate target is reached. The base value influences the overall sensitivity of the channel
and establishes a base count from where the ATI algorithm starts executing. A rough
estimation of sensitivity can be calculated as:
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𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒
As seen from this equation, the sensitivity can be increased by either increasing the Target
value or decreasing the Base value. A lower base value will typically result in lower multipliers
and more compensation would be required. It should, however, be noted that a higher
sensitivity will yield a higher noise susceptibility.
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 ∝
4.4 Applicability
All specifications, except where specifically mentioned otherwise, provided by this datasheet
are applicable to the following ranges:
Temperature:-20C to +85C
Supply voltage (VDDHI): 1.8V to 3.6V
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5 Details on user configurable options
5.1.1 Bank 0: Sensitivity and scan time adjustments
Bank0: bit 7:6
Base Value (Sensitivity Multiplier in Partial ATI mode)
See Proxsense® sensitivity.
Changing the base value enables the designer to adjust sensitivity. Lower base values will
increase sensitivity and are recommended for systems with a high SNR ratio. Higher base
values will prevent noise from being amplified, but will result in less sensitivity.
With Bank4: bit 2 set (partial ATI), the area of operation may be fixed to a certain extent. This
is ideal for stationary applications where a specific type of trigger is expected.
With Bank4: bit 0 set (auto-activation P>7), partial ATI must be enabled to ensure the desired
results. With the “Sensitivity Multiplier” fixed, the P value will indicate whether a certain
threshold has been crossed at power-up.
Bank0: bit 5:4
IDLE (proximity) / ACTIVE (touch) scan time
Select an IDLE / ACTIVE combination scan time to achieve the desired response with target
power consumption in mind.
Bank0: bit 3
Prox wake-up direction
Active direction – only go to IDLE (proximity) scan time when an actual proximity event occurs.
Both directions – go to IDLE (proximity) scan time when a proximity event occurs or when a
significant environment change occurs. This mode will enable quick touch response in a
dynamic environment (for example devices used on the human wrist)
Bank0: bit 2:0
SLEEP (no proximity) low power scan time
Select a SLEEP scan time to determine the most significant power consumption figure of the
device.
5.1.2 Bank 1: Threshold adjustments
Bank1: bit 7
Touch late release (50% of touch threshold)
This option will enable a user interface where activation would occur as usual, but the
deactivation will occur at a relaxed threshold. It will therefore counter unwanted false releases.
This option is ideal for handheld devices that will active with a typical “grab” action, but will not
release when the grip on the device is relaxed.
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Touch detect
Proximity
release
(Threshold 2)
NO ACTIVATION
No movement
for x-seconds
(recalibrate)
ACTIVATION
RELAXED THRESHOLD
ACTIVATION
DEEP THRESHOLD
Touch release
Figure 5-1 State diagram of touch late release interface
Figure 5-2 Touch late release example
Bank1: bit 6:5
Proximity threshold (delta counts from LTA)
The proximity threshold may be chosen to halt the filters that allow for temperature drift and
other environmental effects. Choose a low value in order to increase the trigger distance for
slow proximity activations. Choose a high value if the device and/or sensing electrode overlay
is in a highly variable temperature environment. A high value is also recommended for touch
button implementations with the IQS211A. This threshold will not trigger any of the output
signals in most of the user interface options. The result of this threshold becomes an output in
the “Proximity and touch” user interface option, where movement is only operating in the
background.
Bank1: bit 4:2
Touch threshold (delta percentage from LTA)
The touch threshold is the highly variable threshold that will determine the triggering of the
activation output. This threshold may be chosen for various proximity trigger distances (low
values 1 to 15) including a few settings that allow for the implementation of a touch button
(high values 15 to 90)
Bank1: bit 1:0
Movement threshold (delta counts from movement average)
The movement threshold is chosen according to the dynamic response longed for, but also
according to the signal-to-noise ratio of the system. Battery powered applications generally
deliver much higher SNR values, allowing for lower movement thresholds.
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5.1.3 Bank 2: Timer, output type and user interface adjustment
Bank2: bit 7:5
Reseed after no movement timer
Depending on the user interface chosen, the activation output will clear when no movement is
detected for the period selected here. This feature enables long-term detection in interactive
applications while eliminating the risk of a device becoming stuck when placed on an
inanimate object.
Bank2: bit 4:3
Movement output type
The movement output is a secondary output (normally IO2 pin) that may be used as the main
output or supporting output. This output may be altered to suit the requirements of various
applications. When user interface of “IO1: Movement; IO2: Input” is selected this output will be
at the IO1 pin.
‘00’ – The default pulse frequency modulated (PFM) signal indicates intensity of movement by
the density of pulses. This is a relatively slow output that may trigger occasional interrupts on
the master side. See Figure 5-3. Most intense detectable movements are indicated by active
low pulses with 10ms width (20ms period). Saturated movement intensity is indicated by a
constant low.
‘01’ – The pulse width modulation (PWM) option is ideal for driving analogue loads. This signal
runs at 1 kHz and the duty cycle is adapted according to the movement intensity.
‘10’ – The movement latched option triggers the output as soon as any movement is detected.
The output only clears when no movement is sensed for the time defined in Bank2: bit 7:5.
‘11’ – The same PFM-type output as in the ‘00’ setting, but here the output will only become
active once the activation threshold is reached.
‘00’ – PFM (pulse frequency modulation)
IO2
PFM
IO1
Figure 5-3 Movement (PFM) and activation output
’01’ – PWM
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IO2 (PFM UI)
PFM
IO1 (PFM UI)
vs
IO2 (PWM UI)
PWM
IO1 (PWM UI)
Figure 5-4 PFM movement output (TOP: 15ms period minimum) compared with PWM movement
output (BOTTOM: 1ms period)
‘10’ – Latched (forces output for duration of timer)
IO2 (PFM UI)
IO1 (PFM UI)
IO2 (LATCHED
UI)
PFM
vs
IO2 latches until time-out
after last movement
Latched
IO1 (LATCHED
UI)
Figure 5-5 PFM movement output (TOP) compared with latched movement output (BOTTOM).
Movement output is forced by first movement
‘11’ – PWM (only active during activation)
Bank2: bit 2:0
User interface selection
Follow the links in the OTP summary for information on the various options.
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5.1.4 Bank 3: VREG damping, sample filter, input control and output PWM
Bank3: bit 3
VREG damping on IO2
With this option enabled, be sure to follow the schematic in Figure 2-3.
Current consumption is optimized through minimising processor awake time. With the damping
option enabled, the VREG stabilisation time is significantly decreased, effectively optimizing
processor wake time. In low µA power modes, this has a significant effect.
Bank3: bit 2
AC filter increase
With the AC filter increase enabled, the reaction time slows with more rapid changes being
filtered out. This option is ideal for a system connected to a power supply with increased noise
Bank3: bit 1
Activation output with input reseed & reset (halt charge) feature
Extended IO1 definition: “000” Activation & Movement UI / “001” Movement latch output
(forced) & Movement UI
With digital outputs enabled the IO1 pin has the option of being an input to “halt charge” /
“reseed”. A short pulse (t > 15ms, t < 25ms) will initiate a reseed action (LTA = counts – 8) and
a longer pulse (t > 50ms) will enable a lower power mode without sensing. The IQS211A will
reset after the longer pulse is released (after a “halt charge” the IC will reset).
Bank3: bit 0
Multifunction Bit (applies only to certain UIs)
Output definition: “000” Activation & Movement UI:
The IO1 pin normally only triggering with crossing of the threshold can be configured to output
the depth of activation in PWM data. This is ideal for interpreting the specific activation level
with a master, or for simply indicating the activation level on an analogue load.
Please note that when enabling this option, the PWM option on the IO2 pin will be disabled
(Bank2: bit 4:3 option ‘01’ will be the same as ‘00’)
Input definition: “010” Movement & Input UI:
By selecting the UI with the IO2 pin defined as an input, this configuration bit will enable the
choice of input between the following
‘0’ – The halt charge & reseed option as defined above or
‘1’ – Reduce movement sensitivity for applications that may switch between battery usage and
more noisy power supplies for charging and back-up power.
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5.1.5 Bank 4: Partial ATI, ATI target and power-on detection
Bank4: bit 3
Partial ATI
Partial ATI may be selected to limit the automatic tuning range of the sensor. This may give
more predictable results, especially when the sensor tends to calibrate close to the edges by
automatically choosing a certain sensitivity multiplier value. Set this bit and select a specific
sensitivity multiplier value in Base Value (Sensitivity Multiplier in Partial ATI mode). A lower
sensitivity multiplier value is recommended for light capacitive loads, while higher values for
large capacitive loads.
Set this bit if the auto-activation at power-up bit is set (Bank4: bit 0). By setting this bit, the
auto activation “threshold” is chosen by selecting a sensitivity multiplier value Base Value
(Sensitivity Multiplier in Partial ATI mode). A lower sensitivity multiplier value will result in a
sensitive threshold, while higher values will give a less sensitive threshold.
Bank4: bit 2
Auto Activation at power-up when P>7 (absolute capacitance
detection method, partial ATI must be enabled, select sensitivity
with the “Sensitivity Multiplier”)
With (Bank4: bit 3) set this option allows for absolute capacitance detection at power-up. Use
this in devices that require a threshold decision at power-up without the calibration step. Select
a “threshold” by adjusting the sensitivity multiplier value in Base Value (Sensitivity Multiplier
in Partial ATI mode). A lower sensitivity multiplier value will result in a sensitive “threshold”,
while higher values will give a less sensitive “threshold”.
Bank4: bit 1:0
ATI target
The default target of 768 ensures good performance in various environments. Set this bit when
increased activation distance and movement sensitivity is required.
The target of 1200 is recommended for battery powered devices where high SNR ratios are
expected.
Targets of 384 and 192 are for touch applications where power consumption and processor
wake time are to be optimized.
Movement features are most pronounced and effective when using a high target.
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6 I2C operation
The IQS211A may be configured as an I2C device through the user interface selection in
Bank2: bits 2:0:
Bank2: bits 2:0
Description
101
Normal polling for use on I2C bus
110
I2C polling with signature pulses at power-up / reset. The clock also has a
RDY pulse incorporated before each possible communications window.
111
The clock also has a RDY pulse incorporated before each possible
communications window. The IC will wake-up on I2C bus pin changes.
6.1 Normal I2C polling (101)
The IQS211A prioritizes doing capacitive conversions. With standard polling the IQS211A will
do a conversion and thereafter open the window of maximum 20ms for I2C communications. If
the microprocessor sends the correct address in this window, the IQS211A will respond with
an ACK. When communications are successful, the window will close and conversions will
continue.
Figure 6-1 Typical polling example of IQS211A. The sequence addresses register 0x00 (top) and
reads data (0x3D) from register 0x00 (bottom)
6.2 I2C polling with reset indication & RDY (110)
This mode is based on I2C, but not I2C compatible. This mode is aimed at solutions that need
the flexibility of the register settings but require standalone operation during run-time. The data
and clock lines toggle at power-on or reset to indicate that the device requires setup. After
changing the settings and more particularly the user interface option, the device will start
operating in the required mode.
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In this mode the IQS211A is not recommended to share a bus with other devices. Normal
polling may be used, but the master may also monitor the I 2C clock line as an indication from
the IQS211A that the communications window is open. The clock line therefore serves as a
ready line.
Scan time
Sample time
Increased Scan time
Communication
timeout 20ms
Processing
VDDHI
CLK
0V
Delay before
communication
window 40us
No communication initiated
time
(not to scale)
Successful communications
(initiated by master)
Figure 6-2 How to use RDY signal on clock line
Communications may be initiated at any time from clock low-to-high transition plus 40us until
20ms thereafter, when the communications window closes. Polling should be done within this
time window in order to communicate with the device. If now communications are done the
window will time out. If communications are completed with a stop command, the window will
close and sampling will continue after a sleep period.
After changing register 0xC7 bits 2:0 (memory map – user interface selection) in this
mode, it is required to read any other register in order to activate the chosen user
interface (such as a standalone mode) before sending a stop command.
6.3 I2C polling with RDY on clock and wake-up on pin change (111)
This I2C mode is aimed at applications that require the flexibility of I2C settings, but requires
wake-up functionality from the master side. A ready indication is also given on the clock line to
enable the master to efficiently handle the available communications window.
The wake-up on pin change prevents this configuration from being efficiently used along with
other devices on the bus.
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7 Specifications
7.1 Absolute maximum ratings
The following absolute maximum parameters are specified for the device:
Exceeding these maximum specifications may cause damage to the device.
Operating temperature
-20°C to 85°C
Supply Voltage (VDDHI – VSS)
3.6V
Maximum pin voltage
Maximum continuous current (for specific Pins)
VDDHI + 0.5V (may not
exceed VDDHI max)
10mA
Minimum pin voltage
VSS – 0.5V
Minimum power-on slope
100V/s
ESD protection
±8kV (Human body model)
Package Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)
1
Table 7.1 IQS211A General Operating Conditions
DESCRIPTION
Conditions
Supply voltage
Internal regulator output
Default Operating Current
Low
Power
Setting 1*
PARAME
TER
VDDHI
VREG
1.8 ≤ VDDHI≤ 3.6
3.3V, Scan time
IIQS211DP
=9
MIN
TYP
1.8
1.62
MAX
UNIT
3.3V
1.7
3.6
1.79
V
V
77
88
μA
2**
μA
MAX
UNIT
Example 3.3V, Scan time
IIQS211LP160
=160
*Scan time in ms
**Defined for low target counts (192)
Table 7.2 Start-up and shut-down slope Characteristics
DESCRIPTION
Power On Reset
Brown Out Detect
Conditions
VDDHI Slope ≥ 100V/s
@25°C
VDDHI Slope ≥ 100V/s
@25°C
PARAMETER
MIN
POR
1.2
-
V
BOD
-
1.5
V
Table 7.3 Input signal response characteristics (IO1/IO2)
DESCRIPTION
Reseed function
Halt charge / Reduce sensitivity function
MIN
15
50
TYP
20
n/a
MAX
25
n/a
UNIT
ms
ms
Table 7.4 Communications timing characteristics
DESCRIPTION
tcomms_timeout
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MIN
-
TYP
20
MAX
-
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Table 7.5 Digital input trigger levels
DESCRIPTION
Conditions
All digital inputs
VDD = 3.3V
All digital inputs
VDD = 1.8V
All digital inputs
VDD = 1.8V
All digital inputs
VDD = 3.3V
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PARAMETER
Input low level
voltage
Input low level
voltage
Input high level
voltage
Input high level
voltage
MIN
TYPICAL
MAX
1.19
1.3
1.3
V
0.54
0.6
0.76
V
0.9
1.0
1.2
V
1.90
2.1
2.20
V
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8 Package information
8.1 TSOT23-6
C
A
B
D
E
F
J
G
I
H
Figure 8-1 TSOT23-6 Packaging
i
Table 8.1 TSOT23-6 Dimensions
Dimension
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
i
Min (mm)
Max (mm)
2.60
3.00
1.50
1.70
2.80
3.00
0.30
0.50
0.95 Basic
0.84
1.00
0.00
0.10
0.30
0.50
0°
8°
0.03
0.20
Drawing not on Scale
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8.2 MSL Level
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) relates to the packaging and handling precautions for some
semiconductors. The MSL is an electronic standard for the time period in which a moisture
sensitive device can be exposed to ambient room conditions (approximately 30°C/85%RH see
J-STD033C for more info) before reflow occur.
Package
TSOT23-6
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Level (duration)
MSL 1 (Unlimited at ≤30 °C/85% RH)
Reflow profile peak temperature < 260 °C for < 30 seconds
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9 Ordering and Part-number Information
9.1 Ordering Information
Please check stock availability with your local distributor.
IQS211A zzz zzz zz ppb
BULK PACKAGING
IC NAME
CONFIGURATION
PACKAGE TYPE
IC NAME
IQS211A
=
Self Capacitive Touch IC
CONFIGURATION
zzz zzz zz
=
IC configuration (hexadecimal)
Default: 000 000 00 (other configurations
available on request) sub-2uA: 382 028 95
PACKAGE TYPE
TS
=
TSOT23-6 package
BULK PACKAGING
R
=
Reel (3000pcs/reel) – MOQ = 3000pcs
MOQ = 1 reel (orders shipped as full reels)
9.2 Label Information
REVISION
x
=
IC Revision Number
TEMPERATURE RANGE
t
=
-20°C to 85°C (Industrial)
DATE CODE
P
=
Internal use
WWYY =
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Batch number
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9.3 Device Marking – Top
There are 2 marking versions for IQS211A:
221A ENG
Engineering
Version
IC NAME
Figure 9-1 IQS211A engineer version, marked as 221A.
211Axx
Batch Code
IC NAME
Figure 9-2 Production version marking of IQS211A.
IC NAME
221A ENG
211A
=
=
IQS211A Engineering version
IQS211A Production version
Batch Code
xx
=
AA to ZZ
9.4 Device Marking - Bottom
Some batches IQS211A will not have any bottom markings. These devices are configured
after marking, and may have variations in configuration – please refer to the reel label.
Other batches will display the version and unique product code on the chip on the bottom
marking.
TSOT23-6 Tape Specification
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Revision History
Revision Number
Description
Date of issue
V0.9
IQS211A preliminary datasheet
23 November 2015
V1.0
First release
December 2015
V1.01
Updated Ordering information and Marking
December 2015
V1.10
Latch-up prevention details added
September 2016
V1.2
Temperature range updated
28 September 2017
V1.3
Datasheet extended with relevant information
28 February 2018
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Contact Information
USA
Asia
South Africa
Physical 6507 Jester Blvd
Address Bldg 5, suite 510G
Austin
TX 78750
USA
Rm2125, Glittery City
Shennan Rd
Futian District
Shenzhen, 518033
China
109 Main Street
Paarl
7646
South Africa
Postal
Address
6507 Jester Blvd
Bldg 5, suite 510G
Austin
TX 78750
USA
Rm2125, Glittery City
Shennan Rd
Futian District
Shenzhen, 518033
China
PO Box 3534
Paarl
7620
South Africa
Tel
+1 512 538 1995
+86 755 8303 5294
ext 808
+27 21 863 0033
Fax
+1 512 672 8442
Email
info@azoteq.com
+27 21 863 1512
info@azoteq.com
info@azoteq.com
Please visit www.azoteq.com for a list of distributors and worldwide representation.
The following patents relate to the device or usage of the device: US 6,249,089; US 6,952,084; US 6,984,900; US
7,084,526; US 7,084,531; US 8,395,395; US 8,531,120; US 8,659,306; US 8,823,273; US 9,209,803; US 9,360,510; US
9,496,793; US 9,709,614; EP 2,351,220; EP 2,559,164; EP 2,748,927; EP 2,846,465; HK 1,157,080; SA 2001/2151; SA
2006/05363; SA 2014/01541; SA 2015/023634; SA 2017/02224;
AirButton , Azoteq , Crystal Driver, IQ Switch , ProxSense , ProxFusion , LightSense™, SwipeSwitch™, and the
®
®
®
®
®
logo are trademarks of Azoteq.
The information in this Datasheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. Azoteq uses reasonable effort to maintain the information up-to-date and accurate, but does not warrant
the accuracy, completeness or reliability of the information contained herein. All content and information are provided on an “as is” basis only, without any representations or warranties, express
or implied, of any kind, including representations about the suitability of these products or information for any purpose. Azoteq disclaims all warranties and conditions with regard to these
products and information, including but not limited to all implied warranties and conditions of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title and non-infringement of any third party
intellectual property rights. Azoteq assumes no liability for any damages or injury arising from any use of the information or the product or caused by, without limitation, failure of performance,
error, omission, interruption, defect, delay in operation or transmission, even if Azoteq has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The applications mentioned herein are used solely
for the purpose of illustration and Azoteq makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable withou t further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for
application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Azoteq products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. No
licenses to patents are granted, implicitly, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. In the event that any of the abovementioned limitations or
exclusions does not apply, it is agreed that Azoteq’s total liability for all losses, damages and causes of action (in contract, tort (including without limitation, negligence) or otherwise) will not
exceed the amount already paid by the customer for the products. Azoteq reserves the right to alter its products, to make co rrections, deletions, modifications, enhancements, improvements
and other changes to the content and information, its products, programs and services at any time or to move or discontinue a ny contents, products, programs or services without prior
notification. For the most up-to-date information and binding Terms and Conditions please refer to www.azoteq.com.
www.azoteq.com/ip
info@azoteq.com
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