Features
• High Performance, Low Power 32-Bit Atmel® AVR®Microcontroller
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
– Compact Single-cycle RISC Instruction Set Including DSP Instruction Set
– Read-Modify-Write Instructions and Atomic Bit Manipulation
– Performing up to 1.39 DMIPS / MHz
• Up to 83 DMIPS Running at 60 MHz from Flash
• Up to 46 DMIPS Running at 30 MHz from Flash
– Memory Protection Unit
Multi-hierarchy Bus System
– High-Performance Data Transfers on Separate Buses for Increased Performance
– 7 Peripheral DMA Channels Improves Speed for Peripheral Communication
Internal High-Speed Flash
– 512K Bytes, 256K Bytes, 128K Bytes, 64K Bytes Versions
– Single Cycle Access up to 30 MHz
– Prefetch Buffer Optimizing Instruction Execution at Maximum Speed
– 4ms Page Programming Time and 8ms Full-Chip Erase Time
– 100,000 Write Cycles, 15-year Data Retention Capability
– Flash Security Locks and User Defined Configuration Area
Internal High-Speed SRAM, Single-Cycle Access at Full Speed
– 96K Bytes (512KB Flash), 32K Bytes (256KB and 128KB Flash), 16K Bytes (64KB
Flash)
Interrupt Controller
– Autovectored Low Latency Interrupt Service with Programmable Priority
System Functions
– Power and Clock Manager Including Internal RC Clock and One 32KHz Oscillator
– Two Multipurpose Oscillators and Two Phase-Lock-Loop (PLL) allowing
Independant CPU Frequency from USB Frequency
– Watchdog Timer, Real-Time Clock Timer
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
– Device 2.0 and Embedded Host Low Speed and Full Speed
– Flexible End-Point Configuration and Management with Dedicated DMA Channels
– On-chip Transceivers Including Pull-Ups
– USB Wake Up from Sleep Functionality
One Three-Channel 16-bit Timer/Counter (TC)
– Three External Clock Inputs, PWM, Capture and Various Counting Capabilities
One 7-Channel 20-bit Pulse Width Modulation Controller (PWM)
Three Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitters (USART)
– Independant Baudrate Generator, Support for SPI, IrDA and ISO7816 interfaces
– Support for Hardware Handshaking, RS485 Interfaces and Modem Line
One Master/Slave Serial Peripheral Interfaces (SPI) with Chip Select Signals
One Synchronous Serial Protocol Controller
– Supports I2S and Generic Frame-Based Protocols
One Master/Slave Two-Wire Interface (TWI), 400kbit/s I2C-compatible
One 8-channel 10-bit Analog-To-Digital Converter, 384ks/s
16-bit Stereo Audio Bitstream DAC
– Sample Rate Up to 50 KHz
QTouch® Library Support
– Capacitive Touch Buttons, Sliders, and Wheels
– QTouch and QMatrix Acquisition
32-bit ATMEL
AVR
Microcontroller
AT32UC3B0512
AT32UC3B0256
AT32UC3B0128
AT32UC3B064
AT32UC3B1512
AT32UC3B1256
AT32UC3B1128
AT32UC3B164
Summary
32059L–01/2012
AT32UC3B
• On-Chip Debug System (JTAG interface)
– Nexus Class 2+, Runtime Control, Non-Intrusive Data and Program Trace
• 64-pin TQFP/QFN (44 GPIO pins), 48-pin TQFP/QFN (28 GPIO pins)
• 5V Input Tolerant I/Os, including 4 high-drive pins
• Single 3.3V Power Supply or Dual 1.8V-3.3V Power Supply
2
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
1. Description
The AT32UC3B is a complete System-On-Chip microcontroller based on the AVR32 UC RISC
processor running at frequencies up to 60 MHz. AVR32 UC is a high-performance 32-bit RISC
microprocessor core, designed for cost-sensitive embedded applications, with particular emphasis on low power consumption, high code density and high performance.
The processor implements a Memory Protection Unit (MPU) and a fast and flexible interrupt controller for supporting modern operating systems and real-time operating systems.
Higher computation capability is achieved using a rich set of DSP instructions.
The AT32UC3B incorporates on-chip Flash and SRAM memories for secure and fast access.
The Peripheral Direct Memory Access controller enables data transfers between peripherals and
memories without processor involvement. PDCA drastically reduces processing overhead when
transferring continuous and large data streams between modules within the MCU.
The Power Manager improves design flexibility and security: the on-chip Brown-Out Detector
monitors the power supply, the CPU runs from the on-chip RC oscillator or from one of external
oscillator sources, a Real-Time Clock and its associated timer keeps track of the time.
The Timer/Counter includes three identical 16-bit timer/counter channels. Each channel can be
independently programmed to perform frequency measurement, event counting, interval measurement, pulse generation, delay timing and pulse width modulation.
The PWM modules provides seven independent channels with many configuration options
including polarity, edge alignment and waveform non overlap control. One PWM channel can
trigger ADC conversions for more accurate close loop control implementations.
The AT32UC3B also features many communication interfaces for communication intensive
applications. In addition to standard serial interfaces like USART, SPI or TWI, other interfaces
like flexible Synchronous Serial Controller and USB are available. The USART supports different
communication modes, like SPI mode.
The Synchronous Serial Controller provides easy access to serial communication protocols and
audio standards like I2S, UART or SPI.
The Full-Speed USB 2.0 Device interface supports several USB Classes at the same time
thanks to the rich End-Point configuration. The Embedded Host interface allows device like a
USB Flash disk or a USB printer to be directly connected to the processor.
Atmel offers the QTouch library for embedding capacitive touch buttons, sliders, and wheels
functionality into AVR microcontrollers. The patented charge-transfer signal acquisition offers
robust sensing and included fully debounced reporting of touch keys and includes Adjacent Key
Suppression® (AKS®) technology for unambiguous detection of key events. The easy-to-use
QTouch Suite toolchain allows you to explore, develop, and debug your own touch applications.
AT32UC3B integrates a class 2+ Nexus 2.0 On-Chip Debug (OCD) System, with non-intrusive
real-time trace, full-speed read/write memory access in addition to basic runtime control. The
Nanotrace interface enables trace feature for JTAG-based debuggers.
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32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
2. Overview
2.1
Blockdiagram
Figure 2-1.
Block diagram
NEXUS
CLASS 2+
OCD
MCKO
MDO[5..0]
MSEO[1..0]
EVTI_N
EVTO_N
VBUS
D+
DID
VBOF
M
USB
INTERFACE
MEMORY PROTECTION UNIT
INSTR
INTERFACE
DATA
INTERFACE
M
M
S
HSB
HSB-PB
BRIDGE B
REGISTERS BUS
HSB
PERIPHERAL
DMA
CONTROLLER
HSB-PB
BRIDGE A
GENERAL PURPOSE IOs
XIN32
XOUT32
XIN0
XOUT0
XIN1
XOUT1
32 KHz
OSC
CLOCK
GENERATOR
OSC0
OSC1
PLL0
PLL1
GCLK[3..0]
RESET_N
A[2..0]
B[2..0]
CLK[2..0]
PDC
PDC
POWER
MANAGER
PDC
115 kHz
RCOSC
SYNCHRONOUS
SERIAL
CONTROLLER
PDC
WATCHDOG
TIMER
SERIAL
PERIPHERAL
INTERFACE
TWO-WIRE
INTERFACE
PDC
REAL TIME
COUNTER
USART0
USART2
ANALOG TO
DIGITAL
CONVERTER
PDC
NMI
EXTERNAL
INTERRUPT
CONTROLLER
USART1
PDC
INTERRUPT
CONTROLLER
EXTINT[7..0]
KPS[7..0]
AUDIO
BITSTREAM
DAC
CLOCK
CONTROLLER
SLEEP
CONTROLLER
RESET
CONTROLLER
TIMER/COUNTER
64/128/
256/512 KB
FLASH
M
PB
PA
PB
FAST GPIO
16/32/96 KB
SRAM
S
S
CONFIGURATION
PB
LOCAL BUS
INTERFACE
S
HIGH SPEED
BUS MATRIX
S
M
DMA
AVR32 UC
CPU
PULSE WIDTH
MODULATION
CONTROLLER
RXD
TXD
CLK
RTS, CTS
DSR, DTR, DCD, RI
RXD
TXD
CLK
RTS, CTS
GENERAL PURPOSE IOs
JTAG
INTERFACE
FLASH
CONTROLLER
TDO
TDI
TMS
MEMORY INTERFACE
TCK
PA
PB
SCK
MISO, MOSI
NPCS[3..0]
TX_CLOCK, TX_FRAME_SYNC
TX_DATA
RX_CLOCK, RX_FRAME_SYNC
RX_DATA
SCL
SDA
AD[7..0]
ADVREF
DATA[1..0]
DATAN[1..0]
PWM[6..0]
4
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
3. Configuration Summary
The table below lists all AT32UC3B memory and package configurations:
Table 3-1.
Feature
Configuration Summary
AT32UC3B0512
AT32UC3B0256/128/64
AT32UC3B1512
AT32UC3B1256/128/64
Flash
512 KB
256/128/64 KB
512 KB
256/128/64 KB
SRAM
96KB
32/32/16KB
96KB
32/16/16KB
GPIO
44
28
External Interrupts
8
6
TWI
1
USART
3
Peripheral DMA Channels
7
SPI
1
Full Speed USB
SSC
Audio Bitstream DAC
Mini-Host + Device
Device
1
0
1
0
1
Timer/Counter Channels
3
PWM Channels
7
Watchdog Timer
1
Real-Time Clock Timer
1
Power Manager
1
0
PLL 80-240 MHz (PLL0/PLL1)
Crystal Oscillators 0.4-20 MHz (OSC0)
Crystal Oscillator 32 KHz (OSC32K)
RC Oscillator 115 kHz (RCSYS)
Oscillators
Crystal Oscillators 0.4-20 MHz (OSC1)
10-bit ADC
number of channels
8
JTAG
1
Max Frequency
Package
6
60 MHz
TQFP64, QFN64
TQFP48, QFN48
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32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
4. Package and Pinout
4.1
Package
The device pins are multiplexed with peripheral functions as described in the Peripheral Multiplexing on I/O Line section.
TQFP64 / QFN64 Pinout
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
VDDIO
PA23
PA22
PA21
PA20
PB07
PA29
PA28
PA19
PA18
PB06
PA17
PA16
PA15
PA14
PA13
Figure 4-1.
GND
DP
DM
VBUS
VDDPLL
PB08
PB09
VDDCORE
PB10
PB11
PA24
PA25
PA26
PA27
RESET_N
VDDIO
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
VDDIO
PA12
PA11
PA10
PA09
PB05
PB04
PB03
PB02
GND
VDDCORE
VDDIN
VDDOUT
VDDANA
ADVREF
GNDANA
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
PA31
PA30
PA08
PA07
PA06
PA05
PA04
PA03
VDDCORE
PB01
PB00
PA02
PA01
PA00
TCK
GND
6
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
TQFP48 / QFN48 Pinout
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
VDDIO
PA23
PA22
PA21
PA20
PA19
PA18
PA17
PA16
PA15
PA14
PA13
Figure 4-2.
GND
DP
DM
VBUS
VDDPLL
VDDCORE
PA24
PA25
PA26
PA27
RESET_N
VDDIO
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
VDDIO
PA12
PA11
PA10
PA09
GND
VDDCORE
VDDIN
VDDOUT
VDDANA
ADVREF
GNDANA
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
PA08
PA07
PA06
PA05
PA04
PA03
VDDCORE
PA02
PA01
PA00
TCK
GND
Note:
4.2
The exposed pad is not connected to anything internally, but should be soldered to ground to
increase board level reliability.
Peripheral Multiplexing on I/O lines
4.2.1
Table 4-1.
Multiplexed signals
Each GPIO line can be assigned to one of 4 peripheral functions; A, B, C or D (D is only available for UC3Bx512 parts). The following table define how the I/O lines on the peripherals A, B,C
or D are multiplexed by the GPIO.
GPIO Controller Function Multiplexing
Function D
48-pin
64-pin
PIN
GPIO Pin
Function A
Function B
Function C
(only for UC3Bx512)
3
3
PA00
GPIO 0
4
4
PA01
GPIO 1
5
5
PA02
GPIO 2
7
9
PA03
GPIO 3
ADC - AD[0]
PM - GCLK[0]
USBB - USB_ID
ABDAC - DATA[0]
8
10
PA04
GPIO 4
ADC - AD[1]
PM - GCLK[1]
USBB - USB_VBOF
ABDAC - DATAN[0]
9
11
PA05
GPIO 5
EIC - EXTINT[0]
ADC - AD[2]
USART1 - DCD
ABDAC - DATA[1]
7
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Table 4-1.
GPIO Controller Function Multiplexing
10
12
PA06
GPIO 6
EIC - EXTINT[1]
ADC - AD[3]
USART1 - DSR
ABDAC - DATAN[1]
11
13
PA07
GPIO 7
PWM - PWM[0]
ADC - AD[4]
USART1 - DTR
SSC RX_FRAME_SYNC
12
14
PA08
GPIO 8
PWM - PWM[1]
ADC - AD[5]
USART1 - RI
SSC - RX_CLOCK
20
28
PA09
GPIO 9
TWI - SCL
SPI0 - NPCS[2]
USART1 - CTS
21
29
PA10
GPIO 10
TWI - SDA
SPI0 - NPCS[3]
USART1 - RTS
22
30
PA11
GPIO 11
USART0 - RTS
TC - A2
PWM - PWM[0]
SSC - RX_DATA
23
31
PA12
GPIO 12
USART0 - CTS
TC - B2
PWM - PWM[1]
USART1 - TXD
25
33
PA13
GPIO 13
EIC - NMI
PWM - PWM[2]
USART0 - CLK
SSC - RX_CLOCK
26
34
PA14
GPIO 14
SPI0 - MOSI
PWM - PWM[3]
EIC - EXTINT[2]
PM - GCLK[2]
27
35
PA15
GPIO 15
SPI0 - SCK
PWM - PWM[4]
USART2 - CLK
28
36
PA16
GPIO 16
SPI0 - NPCS[0]
TC - CLK1
PWM - PWM[4]
29
37
PA17
GPIO 17
SPI0 - NPCS[1]
TC - CLK2
SPI0 - SCK
USART1 - RXD
30
39
PA18
GPIO 18
USART0 - RXD
PWM - PWM[5]
SPI0 - MISO
SSC RX_FRAME_SYNC
31
40
PA19
GPIO 19
USART0 - TXD
PWM - PWM[6]
SPI0 - MOSI
SSC - TX_CLOCK
32
44
PA20
GPIO 20
USART1 - CLK
TC - CLK0
USART2 - RXD
SSC - TX_DATA
33
45
PA21
GPIO 21
PWM - PWM[2]
TC - A1
USART2 - TXD
SSC TX_FRAME_SYNC
34
46
PA22
GPIO 22
PWM - PWM[6]
TC - B1
ADC - TRIGGER
ABDAC - DATA[0]
35
47
PA23
GPIO 23
USART1 - TXD
SPI0 - NPCS[1]
EIC - EXTINT[3]
PWM - PWM[0]
43
59
PA24
GPIO 24
USART1 - RXD
SPI0 - NPCS[0]
EIC - EXTINT[4]
PWM - PWM[1]
44
60
PA25
GPIO 25
SPI0 - MISO
PWM - PWM[3]
EIC - EXTINT[5]
45
61
PA26
GPIO 26
USBB - USB_ID
USART2 - TXD
TC - A0
ABDAC - DATA[1]
46
62
PA27
GPIO 27
USBB - USB_VBOF
USART2 - RXD
TC - B0
ABDAC - DATAN[1]
41
PA28
GPIO 28
USART0 - CLK
PWM - PWM[4]
SPI0 - MISO
ABDAC - DATAN[0]
42
PA29
GPIO 29
TC - CLK0
TC - CLK1
SPI0 - MOSI
15
PA30
GPIO 30
ADC - AD[6]
EIC - SCAN[0]
PM - GCLK[2]
16
PA31
GPIO 31
ADC - AD[7]
EIC - SCAN[1]
PWM - PWM[6]
6
PB00
GPIO 32
TC - A0
EIC - SCAN[2]
USART2 - CTS
7
PB01
GPIO 33
TC - B0
EIC - SCAN[3]
USART2 - RTS
24
PB02
GPIO 34
EIC - EXTINT[6]
TC - A1
USART1 - TXD
25
PB03
GPIO 35
EIC - EXTINT[7]
TC - B1
USART1 - RXD
26
PB04
GPIO 36
USART1 - CTS
SPI0 - NPCS[3]
TC - CLK2
27
PB05
GPIO 37
USART1 - RTS
SPI0 - NPCS[2]
PWM - PWM[5]
38
PB06
GPIO 38
SSC - RX_CLOCK
USART1 - DCD
EIC - SCAN[4]
ABDAC - DATA[0]
43
PB07
GPIO 39
SSC - RX_DATA
USART1 - DSR
EIC - SCAN[5]
ABDAC - DATAN[0]
54
PB08
GPIO 40
SSC RX_FRAME_SYNC
USART1 - DTR
EIC - SCAN[6]
ABDAC - DATA[1]
8
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Table 4-1.
4.2.2
GPIO Controller Function Multiplexing
55
PB09
GPIO 41
SSC - TX_CLOCK
USART1 - RI
EIC - SCAN[7]
57
PB10
GPIO 42
SSC - TX_DATA
TC - A2
USART0 - RXD
58
PB11
GPIO 43
SSC TX_FRAME_SYNC
TC - B2
USART0 - TXD
JTAG Port Connections
If the JTAG is enabled, the JTAG will take control over a number of pins, irrespective of the I/O
Controller configuration.
Table 4-2.
64QFP/QFN
4.2.3
JTAG Pinout
48QFP/QFN
Pin name
JTAG pin
2
2
TCK
TCK
3
3
PA00
TDI
4
4
PA01
TDO
5
5
PA02
TMS
Nexus OCD AUX port connections
If the OCD trace system is enabled, the trace system will take control over a number of pins, irrespectively of the PIO configuration. Two different OCD trace pin mappings are possible,
depending on the configuration of the OCD AXS register. For details, see the AVR32 UC Technical Reference Manual.
Table 4-3.
4.2.4
ABDAC - DATAN[1]
Nexus OCD AUX port connections
Pin
AXS=0
AXS=1
EVTI_N
PB05
PA14
MDO[5]
PB04
PA08
MDO[4]
PB03
PA07
MDO[3]
PB02
PA06
MDO[2]
PB01
PA05
MDO[1]
PB00
PA04
MDO[0]
PA31
PA03
EVTO_N
PA15
PA15
MCKO
PA30
PA13
MSEO[1]
PB06
PA09
MSEO[0]
PB07
PA10
Oscillator Pinout
The oscillators are not mapped to the normal A, B or C functions and their muxings are controlled by registers in the Power Manager (PM). Please refer to the power manager chapter for
more information about this.
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32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Table 4-4.
Oscillator pinout
QFP48 pin
QFP64 pin
Pad
Oscillator pin
30
39
PA18
XIN0
41
PA28
XIN1
22
30
PA11
XIN32
31
40
PA19
XOUT0
42
PA29
XOUT1
31
PA12
XOUT32
23
4.3
High Drive Current GPIO
Ones of GPIOs can be used to drive twice current than other GPIO capability (see Electrical
Characteristics section).
Table 4-5.
High Drive Current GPIO
GPIO Name
PA20
PA21
PA22
PA23
5. Signals Description
The following table gives details on the signal name classified by peripheral.
Table 5-1.
Signal Description List
Signal Name
Function
Type
Active
Level
Comments
Power
VDDPLL
PLL Power Supply
Power
Input
1.65V to 1.95 V
VDDCORE
Core Power Supply
Power
Input
1.65V to 1.95 V
VDDIO
I/O Power Supply
Power
Input
3.0V to 3.6V
VDDANA
Analog Power Supply
Power
Input
3.0V to 3.6V
VDDIN
Voltage Regulator Input Supply
Power
Input
3.0V to 3.6V
10
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Table 5-1.
Signal Description List (Continued)
Signal Name
Function
Type
VDDOUT
Voltage Regulator Output
Power
Output
GNDANA
Analog Ground
Ground
GND
Ground
Ground
Active
Level
Comments
1.65V to 1.95 V
Clocks, Oscillators, and PLL’s
XIN0, XIN1, XIN32
Crystal 0, 1, 32 Input
Analog
XOUT0, XOUT1,
XOUT32
Crystal 0, 1, 32 Output
Analog
JTAG
TCK
Test Clock
Input
TDI
Test Data In
Input
TDO
Test Data Out
TMS
Test Mode Select
Output
Input
Auxiliary Port - AUX
MCKO
Trace Data Output Clock
Output
MDO0 - MDO5
Trace Data Output
Output
MSEO0 - MSEO1
Trace Frame Control
Output
EVTI_N
Event In
Output
Low
EVTO_N
Event Out
Output
Low
Power Manager - PM
GCLK0 - GCLK2
Generic Clock Pins
RESET_N
Reset Pin
Output
Input
Low
External Interrupt Controller - EIC
EXTINT0 - EXTINT7
External Interrupt Pins
KPS0 - KPS7
Keypad Scan Pins
NMI
Non-Maskable Interrupt Pin
Input
Output
Input
Low
General Purpose I/O pin- GPIOA, GPIOB
PA0 - PA31
Parallel I/O Controller GPIOA
I/O
PB0 - PB11
Parallel I/O Controller GPIOB
I/O
11
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Table 5-1.
Signal Description List (Continued)
Signal Name
Function
Type
Active
Level
Comments
Serial Peripheral Interface - SPI0
MISO
Master In Slave Out
I/O
MOSI
Master Out Slave In
I/O
NPCS0 - NPCS3
SPI Peripheral Chip Select
I/O
SCK
Clock
Low
Output
Synchronous Serial Controller - SSC
RX_CLOCK
SSC Receive Clock
I/O
RX_DATA
SSC Receive Data
Input
RX_FRAME_SYNC
SSC Receive Frame Sync
I/O
TX_CLOCK
SSC Transmit Clock
I/O
TX_DATA
SSC Transmit Data
Output
TX_FRAME_SYNC
SSC Transmit Frame Sync
I/O
Timer/Counter - TIMER
A0
Channel 0 Line A
I/O
A1
Channel 1 Line A
I/O
A2
Channel 2 Line A
I/O
B0
Channel 0 Line B
I/O
B1
Channel 1 Line B
I/O
B2
Channel 2 Line B
I/O
CLK0
Channel 0 External Clock Input
Input
CLK1
Channel 1 External Clock Input
Input
CLK2
Channel 2 External Clock Input
Input
Two-wire Interface - TWI
SCL
Serial Clock
I/O
SDA
Serial Data
I/O
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter - USART0, USART1, USART2
CLK
Clock
CTS
Clear To Send
I/O
Input
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32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Table 5-1.
Signal Description List (Continued)
Type
Active
Level
Signal Name
Function
Comments
DCD
Data Carrier Detect
Only USART1
DSR
Data Set Ready
Only USART1
DTR
Data Terminal Ready
Only USART1
RI
Ring Indicator
Only USART1
RTS
Request To Send
RXD
Receive Data
Input
TXD
Transmit Data
Output
Output
Analog to Digital Converter - ADC
AD0 - AD7
Analog input pins
Analog
input
ADVREF
Analog positive reference voltage input
Analog
input
2.6 to 3.6V
Audio Bitstream DAC - ABDAC
DATA0 - DATA1
D/A Data out
Output
DATAN0 - DATAN1
D/A Data inverted out
Output
Pulse Width Modulator - PWM
PWM0 - PWM6
PWM Output Pins
Output
Universal Serial Bus Device - USBB
DDM
USB Device Port Data -
Analog
DDP
USB Device Port Data +
Analog
VBUS
USB VBUS Monitor and Embedded Host
Negociation
Analog
Input
USBID
ID Pin of the USB Bus
Input
USB_VBOF
USB VBUS On/off: bus power control port
output
5.1
JTAG pins
TMS and TDI pins have pull-up resistors. TDO pin is an output, driven at up to VDDIO, and has
no pull-up resistor. These 3 pins can be used as GPIO-pins. At reset state, these pins are in
GPIO mode.
TCK pin cannot be used as GPIO pin. JTAG interface is enabled when TCK pin is tied low.
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5.2
RESET_N pin
The RESET_N pin is a schmitt input and integrates a permanent pull-up resistor to VDDIO. As
the product integrates a power-on reset cell, the RESET_N pin can be left unconnected in case
no reset from the system needs to be applied to the product.
5.3
TWI pins
When these pins are used for TWI, the pins are open-drain outputs with slew-rate limitation and
inputs with inputs with spike-filtering. When used as GPIO-pins or used for other peripherals, the
pins have the same characteristics as GPIO pins.
5.4
GPIO pins
All the I/O lines integrate a pull-up resistor. Programming of this pull-up resistor is performed
independently for each I/O line through the GPIO Controllers. After reset, I/O lines default as
inputs with pull-up resistors disabled, except when indicated otherwise in the column “Reset
Value” of the GPIO Controller user interface table.
5.5
High drive pins
The four pins PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23 have high drive output capabilities.
5.6
5.6.1
Power Considerations
Power Supplies
The AT32UC3B has several types of power supply pins:
•
•
•
•
•
VDDIO: Powers I/O lines. Voltage is 3.3V nominal.
VDDANA: Powers the ADC Voltage is 3.3V nominal.
VDDIN: Input voltage for the voltage regulator. Voltage is 3.3V nominal.
VDDCORE: Powers the core, memories, and peripherals. Voltage is 1.8V nominal.
VDDPLL: Powers the PLL. Voltage is 1.8V nominal.
The ground pins GND are common to VDDCORE, VDDIO and VDDPLL. The ground pin for
VDDANA is GNDANA.
Refer to Electrical Characteristics section for power consumption on the various supply pins.
The main requirement for power supplies connection is to respect a star topology for all electrical
connection.
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Figure 5-1.
Power Supply
Dual Power Supply
Single Power Supply
3.3V
3.3V
VDDANA
VDDANA
VDDIO
VDDIO
ADVREF
ADVREF
VDDIN
VDDIN
1.8V
Regulator
VDDOUT
VDDOUT
1.8
V
VDDCORE
VDDCORE
VDDPLL
VDDPLL
5.6.2
5.6.2.1
1.8V
Regulator
Voltage Regulator
Single Power Supply
The AT32UC3B embeds a voltage regulator that converts from 3.3V to 1.8V. The regulator takes
its input voltage from VDDIN, and supplies the output voltage on VDDOUT that should be externally connected to the 1.8V domains.
Adequate input supply decoupling is mandatory for VDDIN in order to improve startup stability
and reduce source voltage drop. Two input decoupling capacitors must be placed close to the
chip.
Adequate output supply decoupling is mandatory for VDDOUT to reduce ripple and avoid oscillations. The best way to achieve this is to use two capacitors in parallel between VDDOUT and
GND as close to the chip as possible
Figure 5-2.
Supply Decoupling
3.3V
VDDIN
CIN2
CIN1
1.8V
1.8V
Regulator
VDDOUT
COUT2
COUT1
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Refer to Section 9.3 on page 38 for decoupling capacitors values and regulator characteristics.
For decoupling recommendations for VDDIO, VDDANA, VDDCORE and VDDPLL, please refer
to the Schematic checklist.
5.6.2.2
Dual Power Supply
In case of dual power supply, VDDIN and VDDOUT should be connected to ground to prevent
from leakage current.
To avoid over consumption during the power up sequence, VDDIO and VDDCORE voltage difference needs to stay in the range given Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-3.
VDDIO versus VDDCORE during power up sequence
4
Extra consumption on VDDIO
3.5
3
VDDIO (V)
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
Extra consumption on VDDCORE
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
VDDCORE (V)
5.6.3
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) reference.
The ADC reference (ADVREF) must be provided from an external source. Two decoupling
capacitors must be used to insure proper decoupling.
Figure 5-4.
ADVREF Decoupling
3.3V
ADVREF
C
VREF2
C
VREF1
Refer to Section 9.4 on page 38 for decoupling capacitors values and electrical characteristics.
In case ADC is not used, the ADVREF pin should be connected to GND to avoid extra
consumption.
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6. Processor and Architecture
Rev: 1.0.0.0
This chapter gives an overview of the AVR32UC CPU. AVR32UC is an implementation of the
AVR32 architecture. A summary of the programming model, instruction set, and MPU is presented. For further details, see the AVR32 Architecture Manual and the AVR32UC Technical
Reference Manual.
6.1
Features
• 32-bit load/store AVR32A RISC architecture
–
–
–
–
–
15 general-purpose 32-bit registers
32-bit Stack Pointer, Program Counter and Link Register reside in register file
Fully orthogonal instruction set
Privileged and unprivileged modes enabling efficient and secure Operating Systems
Innovative instruction set together with variable instruction length ensuring industry leading
code density
– DSP extention with saturating arithmetic, and a wide variety of multiply instructions
• 3-stage pipeline allows one instruction per clock cycle for most instructions
– Byte, halfword, word and double word memory access
– Multiple interrupt priority levels
• MPU allows for operating systems with memory protection
6.2
AVR32 Architecture
AVR32 is a high-performance 32-bit RISC microprocessor architecture, designed for cost-sensitive embedded applications, with particular emphasis on low power consumption and high code
density. In addition, the instruction set architecture has been tuned to allow a variety of microarchitectures, enabling the AVR32 to be implemented as low-, mid-, or high-performance
processors. AVR32 extends the AVR family into the world of 32- and 64-bit applications.
Through a quantitative approach, a large set of industry recognized benchmarks has been compiled and analyzed to achieve the best code density in its class. In addition to lowering the
memory requirements, a compact code size also contributes to the core’s low power characteristics. The processor supports byte and halfword data types without penalty in code size and
performance.
Memory load and store operations are provided for byte, halfword, word, and double word data
with automatic sign- or zero extension of halfword and byte data. The C-compiler is closely
linked to the architecture and is able to exploit code optimization features, both for size and
speed.
In order to reduce code size to a minimum, some instructions have multiple addressing modes.
As an example, instructions with immediates often have a compact format with a smaller immediate, and an extended format with a larger immediate. In this way, the compiler is able to use
the format giving the smallest code size.
Another feature of the instruction set is that frequently used instructions, like add, have a compact format with two operands as well as an extended format with three operands. The larger
format increases performance, allowing an addition and a data move in the same instruction in a
single cycle. Load and store instructions have several different formats in order to reduce code
size and speed up execution.
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The register file is organized as sixteen 32-bit registers and includes the Program Counter, the
Link Register, and the Stack Pointer. In addition, register R12 is designed to hold return values
from function calls and is used implicitly by some instructions.
6.3
The AVR32UC CPU
The AVR32UC CPU targets low- and medium-performance applications, and provides an
advanced OCD system, no caches, and a Memory Protection Unit (MPU). Java acceleration
hardware is not implemented.
AVR32UC provides three memory interfaces, one High Speed Bus master for instruction fetch,
one High Speed Bus master for data access, and one High Speed Bus slave interface allowing
other bus masters to access data RAMs internal to the CPU. Keeping data RAMs internal to the
CPU allows fast access to the RAMs, reduces latency, and guarantees deterministic timing.
Also, power consumption is reduced by not needing a full High Speed Bus access for memory
accesses. A dedicated data RAM interface is provided for communicating with the internal data
RAMs.
A local bus interface is provided for connecting the CPU to device-specific high-speed systems,
such as floating-point units and fast GPIO ports. This local bus has to be enabled by writing the
LOCEN bit in the CPUCR system register. The local bus is able to transfer data between the
CPU and the local bus slave in a single clock cycle. The local bus has a dedicated memory
range allocated to it, and data transfers are performed using regular load and store instructions.
Details on which devices that are mapped into the local bus space is given in the Memories
chapter of this data sheet.
Figure 6-1 on page 19 displays the contents of AVR32UC.
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OCD interface
Reset interface
Overview of the AVR32UC CPU
Interrupt controller interface
Figure 6-1.
OCD
system
Power/
Reset
control
AVR32UC CPU pipeline
MPU
6.3.1
CPU Local
Bus
master
Data RAM interface
High
Speed
Bus slave
CPU Local Bus
High
Speed
Bus
master
High Speed Bus
High Speed Bus
High Speed Bus master
High Speed Bus
Data memory controller
Instruction memory controller
Pipeline Overview
AVR32UC has three pipeline stages, Instruction Fetch (IF), Instruction Decode (ID), and Instruction Execute (EX). The EX stage is split into three parallel subsections, one arithmetic/logic
(ALU) section, one multiply (MUL) section, and one load/store (LS) section.
Instructions are issued and complete in order. Certain operations require several clock cycles to
complete, and in this case, the instruction resides in the ID and EX stages for the required number of clock cycles. Since there is only three pipeline stages, no internal data forwarding is
required, and no data dependencies can arise in the pipeline.
Figure 6-2 on page 20 shows an overview of the AVR32UC pipeline stages.
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Figure 6-2.
The AVR32UC Pipeline
Multiply unit
MUL
IF
ID
Pref etch unit
Decode unit
Regf ile
Read
A LU
LS
6.3.2
Regf ile
w rite
A LU unit
Load-store
unit
AVR32A Microarchitecture Compliance
AVR32UC implements an AVR32A microarchitecture. The AVR32A microarchitecture is targeted at cost-sensitive, lower-end applications like smaller microcontrollers. This
microarchitecture does not provide dedicated hardware registers for shadowing of register file
registers in interrupt contexts. Additionally, it does not provide hardware registers for the return
address registers and return status registers. Instead, all this information is stored on the system
stack. This saves chip area at the expense of slower interrupt handling.
Upon interrupt initiation, registers R8-R12 are automatically pushed to the system stack. These
registers are pushed regardless of the priority level of the pending interrupt. The return address
and status register are also automatically pushed to stack. The interrupt handler can therefore
use R8-R12 freely. Upon interrupt completion, the old R8-R12 registers and status register are
restored, and execution continues at the return address stored popped from stack.
The stack is also used to store the status register and return address for exceptions and scall.
Executing the rete or rets instruction at the completion of an exception or system call will pop
this status register and continue execution at the popped return address.
6.3.3
Java Support
AVR32UC does not provide Java hardware acceleration.
6.3.4
Memory Protection
The MPU allows the user to check all memory accesses for privilege violations. If an access is
attempted to an illegal memory address, the access is aborted and an exception is taken. The
MPU in AVR32UC is specified in the AVR32UC Technical Reference manual.
6.3.5
Unaligned Reference Handling
AVR32UC does not support unaligned accesses, except for doubleword accesses. AVR32UC is
able to perform word-aligned st.d and ld.d. Any other unaligned memory access will cause an
address exception. Doubleword-sized accesses with word-aligned pointers will automatically be
performed as two word-sized accesses.
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The following table shows the instructions with support for unaligned addresses. All other
instructions require aligned addresses.
Table 6-1.
6.3.6
Instructions with Unaligned Reference Support
Instruction
Supported alignment
ld.d
Word
st.d
Word
Unimplemented Instructions
The following instructions are unimplemented in AVR32UC, and will cause an Unimplemented
Instruction Exception if executed:
• All SIMD instructions
• All coprocessor instructions if no coprocessors are present
• retj, incjosp, popjc, pushjc
• tlbr, tlbs, tlbw
• cache
6.3.7
CPU and Architecture Revision
Three major revisions of the AVR32UC CPU currently exist.
The Architecture Revision field in the CONFIG0 system register identifies which architecture
revision is implemented in a specific device.
AVR32UC CPU revision 3 is fully backward-compatible with revisions 1 and 2, ie. code compiled
for revision 1 or 2 is binary-compatible with revision 3 CPUs.
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6.4
6.4.1
Programming Model
Register File Configuration
The AVR32UC register file is shown below.
Figure 6-3.
The AVR32UC Register File
Application
Supervisor
INT0
Bit 31
Bit 31
Bit 31
Bit 0
Bit 0
INT1
Bit 0
INT2
Bit 31
Bit 0
INT3
Bit 31
Bit 0
Bit 31
Bit 0
Exception
NMI
Bit 31
Bit 31
Bit 0
Secure
Bit 0
Bit 31
Bit 0
PC
LR
SP_APP
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SYS
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
PC
LR
SP_SEC
R12
R11
R10
R9
R8
INT0PC
R7
INT1PC
R6
FINTPC
R5
SMPC
R4
R3
R2
R1
R0
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SS_STATUS
SS_ADRF
SS_ADRR
SS_ADR0
SS_ADR1
SS_SP_SYS
SS_SP_APP
SS_RAR
SS_RSR
6.4.2
Status Register Configuration
The Status Register (SR) is split into two halfwords, one upper and one lower, see Figure 6-4 on
page 22 and Figure 6-5 on page 23. The lower word contains the C, Z, N, V, and Q condition
code flags and the R, T, and L bits, while the upper halfword contains information about the
mode and state the processor executes in. Refer to the AVR32 Architecture Manual for details.
Figure 6-4.
The Status Register High Halfword
Bit 31
Bit 16
-
LC
1
-
-
DM
D
-
M2
M1
M0
EM
I3M
I2M
FE
I1M
I0M
GM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
Bit name
Initial value
Global Interrupt Mask
Interrupt Level 0 Mask
Interrupt Level 1 Mask
Interrupt Level 2 Mask
Interrupt Level 3 Mask
Exception Mask
Mode Bit 0
Mode Bit 1
Mode Bit 2
Reserved
Debug State
Debug State Mask
Reserved
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Figure 6-5.
The Status Register Low Halfword
Bit 15
Bit 0
-
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
L
Q
V
N
Z
C
Bit name
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Initial value
Carry
Zero
Sign
Overflow
Saturation
Lock
Reserved
Scratch
Reserved
6.4.3
6.4.3.1
Processor States
Normal RISC State
The AVR32 processor supports several different execution contexts as shown in Table 6-2 on
page 23.
Table 6-2.
Overview of Execution Modes, their Priorities and Privilege Levels.
Priority
Mode
Security
Description
1
Non Maskable Interrupt
Privileged
Non Maskable high priority interrupt mode
2
Exception
Privileged
Execute exceptions
3
Interrupt 3
Privileged
General purpose interrupt mode
4
Interrupt 2
Privileged
General purpose interrupt mode
5
Interrupt 1
Privileged
General purpose interrupt mode
6
Interrupt 0
Privileged
General purpose interrupt mode
N/A
Supervisor
Privileged
Runs supervisor calls
N/A
Application
Unprivileged
Normal program execution mode
Mode changes can be made under software control, or can be caused by external interrupts or
exception processing. A mode can be interrupted by a higher priority mode, but never by one
with lower priority. Nested exceptions can be supported with a minimal software overhead.
When running an operating system on the AVR32, user processes will typically execute in the
application mode. The programs executed in this mode are restricted from executing certain
instructions. Furthermore, most system registers together with the upper halfword of the status
register cannot be accessed. Protected memory areas are also not available. All other operating
modes are privileged and are collectively called System Modes. They have full access to all privileged and unprivileged resources. After a reset, the processor will be in supervisor mode.
6.4.3.2
Debug State
The AVR32 can be set in a debug state, which allows implementation of software monitor routines that can read out and alter system information for use during application development. This
implies that all system and application registers, including the status registers and program
counters, are accessible in debug state. The privileged instructions are also available.
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All interrupt levels are by default disabled when debug state is entered, but they can individually
be switched on by the monitor routine by clearing the respective mask bit in the status register.
Debug state can be entered as described in the AVR32UC Technical Reference Manual.
Debug state is exited by the retd instruction.
6.4.4
System Registers
The system registers are placed outside of the virtual memory space, and are only accessible
using the privileged mfsr and mtsr instructions. The table below lists the system registers specified in the AVR32 architecture, some of which are unused in AVR32UC. The programmer is
responsible for maintaining correct sequencing of any instructions following a mtsr instruction.
For detail on the system registers, refer to the AVR32UC Technical Reference Manual.
Table 6-3.
System Registers
Reg #
Address
Name
Function
0
0
SR
Status Register
1
4
EVBA
Exception Vector Base Address
2
8
ACBA
Application Call Base Address
3
12
CPUCR
CPU Control Register
4
16
ECR
Exception Cause Register
5
20
RSR_SUP
Unused in AVR32UC
6
24
RSR_INT0
Unused in AVR32UC
7
28
RSR_INT1
Unused in AVR32UC
8
32
RSR_INT2
Unused in AVR32UC
9
36
RSR_INT3
Unused in AVR32UC
10
40
RSR_EX
Unused in AVR32UC
11
44
RSR_NMI
Unused in AVR32UC
12
48
RSR_DBG
Return Status Register for Debug mode
13
52
RAR_SUP
Unused in AVR32UC
14
56
RAR_INT0
Unused in AVR32UC
15
60
RAR_INT1
Unused in AVR32UC
16
64
RAR_INT2
Unused in AVR32UC
17
68
RAR_INT3
Unused in AVR32UC
18
72
RAR_EX
Unused in AVR32UC
19
76
RAR_NMI
Unused in AVR32UC
20
80
RAR_DBG
Return Address Register for Debug mode
21
84
JECR
Unused in AVR32UC
22
88
JOSP
Unused in AVR32UC
23
92
JAVA_LV0
Unused in AVR32UC
24
96
JAVA_LV1
Unused in AVR32UC
25
100
JAVA_LV2
Unused in AVR32UC
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Table 6-3.
System Registers (Continued)
Reg #
Address
Name
Function
26
104
JAVA_LV3
Unused in AVR32UC
27
108
JAVA_LV4
Unused in AVR32UC
28
112
JAVA_LV5
Unused in AVR32UC
29
116
JAVA_LV6
Unused in AVR32UC
30
120
JAVA_LV7
Unused in AVR32UC
31
124
JTBA
Unused in AVR32UC
32
128
JBCR
Unused in AVR32UC
33-63
132-252
Reserved
Reserved for future use
64
256
CONFIG0
Configuration register 0
65
260
CONFIG1
Configuration register 1
66
264
COUNT
Cycle Counter register
67
268
COMPARE
Compare register
68
272
TLBEHI
Unused in AVR32UC
69
276
TLBELO
Unused in AVR32UC
70
280
PTBR
Unused in AVR32UC
71
284
TLBEAR
Unused in AVR32UC
72
288
MMUCR
Unused in AVR32UC
73
292
TLBARLO
Unused in AVR32UC
74
296
TLBARHI
Unused in AVR32UC
75
300
PCCNT
Unused in AVR32UC
76
304
PCNT0
Unused in AVR32UC
77
308
PCNT1
Unused in AVR32UC
78
312
PCCR
Unused in AVR32UC
79
316
BEAR
Bus Error Address Register
80
320
MPUAR0
MPU Address Register region 0
81
324
MPUAR1
MPU Address Register region 1
82
328
MPUAR2
MPU Address Register region 2
83
332
MPUAR3
MPU Address Register region 3
84
336
MPUAR4
MPU Address Register region 4
85
340
MPUAR5
MPU Address Register region 5
86
344
MPUAR6
MPU Address Register region 6
87
348
MPUAR7
MPU Address Register region 7
88
352
MPUPSR0
MPU Privilege Select Register region 0
89
356
MPUPSR1
MPU Privilege Select Register region 1
90
360
MPUPSR2
MPU Privilege Select Register region 2
91
364
MPUPSR3
MPU Privilege Select Register region 3
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Table 6-3.
6.5
System Registers (Continued)
Reg #
Address
Name
Function
92
368
MPUPSR4
MPU Privilege Select Register region 4
93
372
MPUPSR5
MPU Privilege Select Register region 5
94
376
MPUPSR6
MPU Privilege Select Register region 6
95
380
MPUPSR7
MPU Privilege Select Register region 7
96
384
MPUCRA
Unused in this version of AVR32UC
97
388
MPUCRB
Unused in this version of AVR32UC
98
392
MPUBRA
Unused in this version of AVR32UC
99
396
MPUBRB
Unused in this version of AVR32UC
100
400
MPUAPRA
MPU Access Permission Register A
101
404
MPUAPRB
MPU Access Permission Register B
102
408
MPUCR
MPU Control Register
103-191
448-764
Reserved
Reserved for future use
192-255
768-1020
IMPL
IMPLEMENTATION DEFINED
Exceptions and Interrupts
AVR32UC incorporates a powerful exception handling scheme. The different exception sources,
like Illegal Op-code and external interrupt requests, have different priority levels, ensuring a welldefined behavior when multiple exceptions are received simultaneously. Additionally, pending
exceptions of a higher priority class may preempt handling of ongoing exceptions of a lower priority class.
When an event occurs, the execution of the instruction stream is halted, and execution control is
passed to an event handler at an address specified in Table 6-4 on page 29. Most of the handlers are placed sequentially in the code space starting at the address specified by EVBA, with
four bytes between each handler. This gives ample space for a jump instruction to be placed
there, jumping to the event routine itself. A few critical handlers have larger spacing between
them, allowing the entire event routine to be placed directly at the address specified by the
EVBA-relative offset generated by hardware. All external interrupt sources have autovectored
interrupt service routine (ISR) addresses. This allows the interrupt controller to directly specify
the ISR address as an address relative to EVBA. The autovector offset has 14 address bits, giving an offset of maximum 16384 bytes. The target address of the event handler is calculated as
(EVBA | event_handler_offset), not (EVBA + event_handler_offset), so EVBA and exception
code segments must be set up appropriately. The same mechanisms are used to service all different types of events, including external interrupt requests, yielding a uniform event handling
scheme.
An interrupt controller does the priority handling of the external interrupts and provides the
autovector offset to the CPU.
6.5.1
System Stack Issues
Event handling in AVR32UC uses the system stack pointed to by the system stack pointer,
SP_SYS, for pushing and popping R8-R12, LR, status register, and return address. Since event
code may be timing-critical, SP_SYS should point to memory addresses in the IRAM section,
since the timing of accesses to this memory section is both fast and deterministic.
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The user must also make sure that the system stack is large enough so that any event is able to
push the required registers to stack. If the system stack is full, and an event occurs, the system
will enter an UNDEFINED state.
6.5.2
Exceptions and Interrupt Requests
When an event other than scall or debug request is received by the core, the following actions
are performed atomically:
1. The pending event will not be accepted if it is masked. The I3M, I2M, I1M, I0M, EM,
and GM bits in the Status Register are used to mask different events. Not all events can
be masked. A few critical events (NMI, Unrecoverable Exception, TLB Multiple Hit, and
Bus Error) can not be masked. When an event is accepted, hardware automatically
sets the mask bits corresponding to all sources with equal or lower priority. This inhibits
acceptance of other events of the same or lower priority, except for the critical events
listed above. Software may choose to clear some or all of these bits after saving the
necessary state if other priority schemes are desired. It is the event source’s responsability to ensure that their events are left pending until accepted by the CPU.
2. When a request is accepted, the Status Register and Program Counter of the current
context is stored to the system stack. If the event is an INT0, INT1, INT2, or INT3, registers R8-R12 and LR are also automatically stored to stack. Storing the Status
Register ensures that the core is returned to the previous execution mode when the
current event handling is completed. When exceptions occur, both the EM and GM bits
are set, and the application may manually enable nested exceptions if desired by clearing the appropriate bit. Each exception handler has a dedicated handler address, and
this address uniquely identifies the exception source.
3. The Mode bits are set to reflect the priority of the accepted event, and the correct register file bank is selected. The address of the event handler, as shown in Table 6-4, is
loaded into the Program Counter.
The execution of the event handler routine then continues from the effective address calculated.
The rete instruction signals the end of the event. When encountered, the Return Status Register
and Return Address Register are popped from the system stack and restored to the Status Register and Program Counter. If the rete instruction returns from INT0, INT1, INT2, or INT3,
registers R8-R12 and LR are also popped from the system stack. The restored Status Register
contains information allowing the core to resume operation in the previous execution mode. This
concludes the event handling.
6.5.3
Supervisor Calls
The AVR32 instruction set provides a supervisor mode call instruction. The scall instruction is
designed so that privileged routines can be called from any context. This facilitates sharing of
code between different execution modes. The scall mechanism is designed so that a minimal
execution cycle overhead is experienced when performing supervisor routine calls from timecritical event handlers.
The scall instruction behaves differently depending on which mode it is called from. The behaviour is detailed in the instruction set reference. In order to allow the scall routine to return to the
correct context, a return from supervisor call instruction, rets, is implemented. In the AVR32UC
CPU, scall and rets uses the system stack to store the return address and the status register.
6.5.4
Debug Requests
The AVR32 architecture defines a dedicated Debug mode. When a debug request is received by
the core, Debug mode is entered. Entry into Debug mode can be masked by the DM bit in the
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status register. Upon entry into Debug mode, hardware sets the SR[D] bit and jumps to the
Debug Exception handler. By default, Debug mode executes in the exception context, but with
dedicated Return Address Register and Return Status Register. These dedicated registers
remove the need for storing this data to the system stack, thereby improving debuggability. The
mode bits in the status register can freely be manipulated in Debug mode, to observe registers
in all contexts, while retaining full privileges.
Debug mode is exited by executing the retd instruction. This returns to the previous context.
6.5.5
Entry Points for Events
Several different event handler entry points exists. In AVR32UC, the reset address is
0x8000_0000. This places the reset address in the boot flash memory area.
TLB miss exceptions and scall have a dedicated space relative to EVBA where their event handler can be placed. This speeds up execution by removing the need for a jump instruction placed
at the program address jumped to by the event hardware. All other exceptions have a dedicated
event routine entry point located relative to EVBA. The handler routine address identifies the
exception source directly.
AVR32UC uses the ITLB and DTLB protection exceptions to signal a MPU protection violation.
ITLB and DTLB miss exceptions are used to signal that an access address did not map to any of
the entries in the MPU. TLB multiple hit exception indicates that an access address did map to
multiple TLB entries, signalling an error.
All external interrupt requests have entry points located at an offset relative to EVBA. This
autovector offset is specified by an external Interrupt Controller. The programmer must make
sure that none of the autovector offsets interfere with the placement of other code. The autovector offset has 14 address bits, giving an offset of maximum 16384 bytes.
Special considerations should be made when loading EVBA with a pointer. Due to security considerations, the event handlers should be located in non-writeable flash memory, or optionally in
a privileged memory protection region if an MPU is present.
If several events occur on the same instruction, they are handled in a prioritized way. The priority
ordering is presented in Table 6-4. If events occur on several instructions at different locations in
the pipeline, the events on the oldest instruction are always handled before any events on any
younger instruction, even if the younger instruction has events of higher priority than the oldest
instruction. An instruction B is younger than an instruction A if it was sent down the pipeline later
than A.
The addresses and priority of simultaneous events are shown in Table 6-4. Some of the exceptions are unused in AVR32UC since it has no MMU, coprocessor interface, or floating-point unit.
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Table 6-4.
Priority and Handler Addresses for Events
Priority
Handler Address
Name
Event source
Stored Return Address
1
0x8000_0000
Reset
External input
Undefined
2
Provided by OCD system
OCD Stop CPU
OCD system
First non-completed instruction
3
EVBA+0x00
Unrecoverable exception
Internal
PC of offending instruction
4
EVBA+0x04
TLB multiple hit
MPU
5
EVBA+0x08
Bus error data fetch
Data bus
First non-completed instruction
6
EVBA+0x0C
Bus error instruction fetch
Data bus
First non-completed instruction
7
EVBA+0x10
NMI
External input
First non-completed instruction
8
Autovectored
Interrupt 3 request
External input
First non-completed instruction
9
Autovectored
Interrupt 2 request
External input
First non-completed instruction
10
Autovectored
Interrupt 1 request
External input
First non-completed instruction
11
Autovectored
Interrupt 0 request
External input
First non-completed instruction
12
EVBA+0x14
Instruction Address
CPU
PC of offending instruction
13
EVBA+0x50
ITLB Miss
MPU
14
EVBA+0x18
ITLB Protection
MPU
PC of offending instruction
15
EVBA+0x1C
Breakpoint
OCD system
First non-completed instruction
16
EVBA+0x20
Illegal Opcode
Instruction
PC of offending instruction
17
EVBA+0x24
Unimplemented instruction
Instruction
PC of offending instruction
18
EVBA+0x28
Privilege violation
Instruction
PC of offending instruction
19
EVBA+0x2C
Floating-point
UNUSED
20
EVBA+0x30
Coprocessor absent
Instruction
PC of offending instruction
21
EVBA+0x100
Supervisor call
Instruction
PC(Supervisor Call) +2
22
EVBA+0x34
Data Address (Read)
CPU
PC of offending instruction
23
EVBA+0x38
Data Address (Write)
CPU
PC of offending instruction
24
EVBA+0x60
DTLB Miss (Read)
MPU
25
EVBA+0x70
DTLB Miss (Write)
MPU
26
EVBA+0x3C
DTLB Protection (Read)
MPU
PC of offending instruction
27
EVBA+0x40
DTLB Protection (Write)
MPU
PC of offending instruction
28
EVBA+0x44
DTLB Modified
UNUSED
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6.6
Module Configuration
All AT32UC3B parts do not implement the same CPU and Architecture Revision.
Table 6-5.
CPU and Architecture Revision
Part Name
Architecture Revision
AT32UC3Bx512
2
AT32UC3Bx256
1
AT32UC3Bx128
1
AT32UC3Bx64
1
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7. Memories
7.1
Embedded Memories
• Internal High-Speed Flash
–
–
–
–
512KBytes (AT32UC3B0512, AT32UC3B1512)
256 KBytes (AT32UC3B0256, AT32UC3B1256)
128 KBytes (AT32UC3B0128, AT32UC3B1128)
64 KBytes (AT32UC3B064, AT32UC3B164)
• - 0 Wait State Access at up to 30 MHz in Worst Case Conditions
• - 1 Wait State Access at up to 60 MHz in Worst Case Conditions
• - Pipelined Flash Architecture, allowing burst reads from sequential Flash locations,
hiding penalty of 1 wait state access
• - 100 000 Write Cycles, 15-year Data Retention Capability
• - 4 ms Page Programming Time, 8 ms Chip Erase Time
• - Sector Lock Capabilities, Bootloader Protection, Security Bit
• - 32 Fuses, Erased During Chip Erase
• - User Page For Data To Be Preserved During Chip Erase
• Internal High-Speed SRAM, Single-cycle access at full speed
– 96KBytes ((AT32UC3B0512, AT32UC3B1512)
– 32KBytes (AT32UC3B0256, AT32UC3B0128, AT32UC3B1256 and AT32UC3B1128)
– 16KBytes (AT32UC3B064 and AT32UC3B164)
7.2
Physical Memory Map
The system bus is implemented as a bus matrix. All system bus addresses are fixed, and they
are never remapped in any way, not even in boot. Note that AVR32 UC CPU uses unsegmented
translation, as described in the AVR32UC Technical Architecture Manual. The 32-bit physical
address space is mapped as follows:
Table 7-1.
Embedded
SRAM
Embedded
Flash
USB Data
HSB-PB
Bridge A
HSB-PB
Bridge B
0x0000_0000
0x8000_0000
0xD000_0000
0xFFFF_0000
0xFFFE_0000
AT32UC3B0512
AT32UC3B1512
96 Kbytes
512 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
AT32UC3B0256
AT32UC3B1256
32 Kbytes
256 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
AT32UC3B0128
AT32UC3B1128
32 Kbytes
128 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
AT32UC3B064
AT32UC3B164
16 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
64 Kbytes
Device
Start Address
Size
AT32UC3B Physical Memory Map
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7.3
Peripheral Address Map
Table 7-2.
Peripheral Address Mapping
Address
0xFFFE0000
0xFFFE1000
0xFFFE1400
0xFFFF0000
0xFFFF0800
0xFFFF0C00
0xFFFF0D00
0xFFFF0D30
0xFFFF0D80
0xFFFF1000
0xFFFF1400
0xFFFF1800
0xFFFF1C00
0xFFFF2400
0xFFFF2C00
0xFFFF3000
0xFFFF3400
0xFFFF3800
Peripheral Name
USB
USB 2.0 Interface - USB
HMATRIX
HSB Matrix - HMATRIX
HFLASHC
Flash Controller - HFLASHC
PDCA
Peripheral DMA Controller - PDCA
INTC
Interrupt controller - INTC
PM
Power Manager - PM
RTC
Real Time Counter - RTC
WDT
Watchdog Timer - WDT
EIM
External Interrupt Controller - EIM
GPIO
General Purpose Input/Output Controller - GPIO
USART0
Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter - USART0
USART1
Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter - USART1
USART2
Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous
Receiver/Transmitter - USART2
SPI0
Serial Peripheral Interface - SPI0
TWI
Two-wire Interface - TWI
PWM
Pulse Width Modulation Controller - PWM
SSC
Synchronous Serial Controller - SSC
TC
Timer/Counter - TC
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Table 7-2.
Peripheral Address Mapping
0xFFFF3C00
ADC
0xFFFF4000
7.4
ABDAC
Analog to Digital Converter - ADC
Audio Bitstream DAC - ABDAC
CPU Local Bus Mapping
Some of the registers in the GPIO module are mapped onto the CPU local bus, in addition to
being mapped on the Peripheral Bus. These registers can therefore be reached both by
accesses on the Peripheral Bus, and by accesses on the local bus.
Mapping these registers on the local bus allows cycle-deterministic toggling of GPIO pins since
the CPU and GPIO are the only modules connected to this bus. Also, since the local bus runs at
CPU speed, one write or read operation can be performed per clock cycle to the local busmapped GPIO registers.
The following GPIO registers are mapped on the local bus:
Table 7-3.
Local bus mapped GPIO registers
Port
Register
Mode
Local Bus
Address
Access
0
Output Driver Enable Register (ODER)
WRITE
0x4000_0040
Write-only
SET
0x4000_0044
Write-only
CLEAR
0x4000_0048
Write-only
TOGGLE
0x4000_004C
Write-only
WRITE
0x4000_0050
Write-only
SET
0x4000_0054
Write-only
CLEAR
0x4000_0058
Write-only
TOGGLE
0x4000_005C
Write-only
Pin Value Register (PVR)
-
0x4000_0060
Read-only
Output Driver Enable Register (ODER)
WRITE
0x4000_0140
Write-only
SET
0x4000_0144
Write-only
CLEAR
0x4000_0148
Write-only
TOGGLE
0x4000_014C
Write-only
WRITE
0x4000_0150
Write-only
SET
0x4000_0154
Write-only
CLEAR
0x4000_0158
Write-only
TOGGLE
0x4000_015C
Write-only
-
0x4000_0160
Read-only
Output Value Register (OVR)
1
Output Value Register (OVR)
Pin Value Register (PVR)
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8. Boot Sequence
This chapter summarizes the boot sequence of the AT32UC3B. The behaviour after power-up is
controlled by the Power Manager. For specific details, refer to section Power Manager (PM).
8.1
Starting of clocks
After power-up, the device will be held in a reset state by the Power-On Reset circuitry, until the
power has stabilized throughout the device. Once the power has stabilized, the device will use
the internal RC Oscillator as clock source.
On system start-up, the PLLs are disabled. All clocks to all modules are running. No clocks have
a divided frequency, all parts of the system recieves a clock with the same frequency as the
internal RC Oscillator.
8.2
Fetching of initial instructions
After reset has been released, the AVR32 UC CPU starts fetching instructions from the reset
address, which is 0x8000_0000. This address points to the first address in the internal Flash.
The code read from the internal Flash is free to configure the system to use for example the
PLLs, to divide the frequency of the clock routed to some of the peripherals, and to gate the
clocks to unused peripherals.
When powering up the device, there may be a delay before the voltage has stabilized, depending on the rise time of the supply used. The CPU can start executing code as soon as the supply
is above the POR threshold, and before the supply is stable. Before switching to a high-speed
clock source, the user should use the BOD to make sure the VDDCORE is above the minimum
level.
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9. Electrical Characteristics
9.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings*
Operating Temperature.................................... -40°C to +85°C
Storage Temperature ..................................... -60°C to +150°C
Voltage on GPIO Pins
with respect to Ground for TCK, RESET_N, PA03, PA04,
PA05, PA06, PA07, PA08, PA11, PA12, PA18, PA19, PA28,
PA29, PA30, PA31 ................................................. -0.3 to 3.6V
Voltage on GPIO Pins
with respect to Ground except for TCK, RESET_N, PA03,
PA04, PA05, PA06, PA07, PA08, PA11, PA12, PA18, PA19,
PA28, PA29, PA30, PA31....................................... -0.3 to 5.5V
*NOTICE:
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute
Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and
functional operation of the device at these or
other conditions beyond those indicated in the
operational sections of this specification is not
implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Maximum Operating Voltage (VDDCORE, VDDPLL) ..... 1.95V
Maximum Operating Voltage (VDDIO,VDDIN,VDDANA) . 3.6V
Total DC Output Current on all I/O Pin
for 48-pin package ....................................................... 200 mA
for 64-pin package ....................................................... 265 mA
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9.2
DC Characteristics
The following characteristics are applicable to the operating temperature range: TA = -40°C to 85°C, unless otherwise specified and are certified for a junction temperature up to TJ = 100°C.
Table 9-1.
DC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
VVDDCORE
DC Supply Core
VVDDPLL
Conditions
Max.
Unit
1.65
1.95
V
DC Supply PLL
1.65
1.95
V
VVDDIO
DC Supply Peripheral I/Os
3.0
3.6
V
VIL
Input Low-level Voltage
-0.3
+0.8
V
All I/O pins except TCK,
RESET_N, PA03, PA04,
PA05, PA06, PA07, PA08,
PA11, PA12, PA18, PA19,
PA28, PA29, PA30, PA31
2.0
5.5
V
TCK, RESET_N, PA03,
PA04, PA05, PA06, PA07,
PA08, PA11, PA12, PA18,
PA19, PA28, PA29, PA30,
PA31
2.0
3.6
V
All I/O pins except TCK,
RESET_N, PA03, PA04,
PA05, PA06, PA07, PA08,
PA11, PA12, PA18, PA19,
PA28, PA29, PA30, PA31
2.0
5.5
V
TCK, RESET_N
2.5
3.6
V
PA03, PA04, PA05, PA06,
PA07, PA08, PA11, PA12,
PA18, PA19, PA28, PA29,
PA30, PA31
2.0
3.6
V
IOL= -4mA for all I/O except PA20, PA21, PA22,
PA23
0.4
V
IOL= -8mA for PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23
0.4
V
AT32UC3B064
AT32UC3B0128
AT32UC3B0256
AT32UC3B164
AT32UC3B1128
AT32UC3B1256
VIH
Input High-level Voltage
AT32UC3B0512
AT32UC3B1512
VOL
VOH
IOL
IOH
ILEAK
Output Low-level Voltage
Output High-level Voltage
Output Low-level Current
Output High-level Current
Input Leakage Current
Min.
Typ.
IOL= -4mA for all I/O except PA20, PA21, PA22,
PA23
VVDDIO
-0.4
V
IOL= -8mA for PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23
VVDDIO
-0.4
V
All I/O pins except PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23
-4
mA
PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23
-8
mA
All I/O pins except for PA20, PA21, PA22,
PA23
4
mA
PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23
8
mA
Pullup resistors disabled
1
µA
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Table 9-1.
Symbol
CIN
DC Characteristics
Parameter
Input Capacitance
Conditions
Max.
Unit
QFP64
7
pF
QFP48
7
pF
QFN64
7
pF
QFN48
7
pF
AT32UC3B064
AT32UC3B0128
AT32UC3B0256
AT32UC3B164
AT32UC3B1128
AT32UC3B1256
RPULLUP
Pull-up Resistance
AT32UC3B0512
AT32UC3B1512
AT32UC3B064
AT32UC3B0128
AT32UC3B0256
AT32UC3B164
AT32UC3B1128
AT32UC3B1256
ISC
Static Current
AT32UC3B0512
AT32UC3B1512
Min.
Typ.
All I/O pins except
RESET_N, TCK, TDI,
TMS pins
13
19
25
KΩ
RESET_N pin, TCK, TDI,
TMS pins
5
12
25
KΩ
All I/O pins except PA20,
PA21, PA22, PA23,
RESET_N, TCK, TDI,
TMS pins
10
15
20
KΩ
PA20, PA21, PA22, PA23
5
7.5
12
KΩ
RESET_N pin, TCK, TDI,
TMS pins
5
10
25
KΩ
On VVDDCORE =
1.8V,
device in static
mode
TA =
25°C
6
µA
All inputs driven
including JTAG;
RESET_N=1
TA =
85°C
42.5
µA
On VVDDCORE =
1.8V,
device in static
mode
TA =
25°C
7.5
µA
All inputs driven
including JTAG;
RESET_N=1
TA =
85°C
39
µA
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9.3
Regulator Characteristics
Table 9-2.
Electrical Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
VVDDIN
Supply voltage (input)
VVDDOUT
Supply voltage (output)
IOUT
Maximum DC output current
VVDDIN = 3.3V
ISCR
Static Current of internal regulator
Low Power mode (stop, deep stop or
static) at TA = 25°C
Table 9-3.
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
3
3.3
3.6
V
1.70
1.8
1.85
V
100
mA
10
µA
Decoupling Requirements
Symbol
Parameter
CIN1
Typ.
Technology
Unit
Input Regulator Capacitor 1
1
NPO
nF
CIN2
Input Regulator Capacitor 2
4.7
X7R
µF
COUT1
Output Regulator Capacitor 1
470
NPO
pF
COUT2
Output Regulator Capacitor 2
2.2
X7R
µF
9.4
Conditions
Analog Characteristics
9.4.1
ADC Reference
Table 9-4.
Electrical Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
VADVREF
Analog voltage reference (input)
Table 9-5.
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
2.6
3.6
V
Typ.
Technology
Unit
Decoupling Requirements
Symbol
Parameter
CVREF1
Voltage reference Capacitor 1
10
NPO
nF
CVREF2
Voltage reference Capacitor 2
1
NPO
uF
9.4.2
Conditions
BOD
Table 9-6.
Symbol
BODLEVEL
BOD Level Values
Parameter Value
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
00 0000b
1.44
V
01 0111b
1.52
V
01 1111b
1.61
V
10 0111b
1.71
V
Table 9-6 describes the values of the BODLEVEL field in the flash FGPFR register.
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AT32UC3B
Table 9-7.
BOD Timing
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
TBOD
Minimum time with VDDCORE <
VBOD to detect power failure
Falling VDDCORE from 1.8V to 1.1V
9.4.3
Table 9-8.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
300
800
ns
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Reset Sequence
Electrical Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min.
VDDRR
VDDCORE rise rate to ensure poweron-reset
2.5
VDDFR
VDDCORE fall rate to ensure poweron-reset
0.01
VPOR+
Rising threshold voltage: voltage up
to which device is kept under reset by
POR on rising VDDCORE
Rising VDDCORE:
VRESTART -> VPOR+
1.4
VPOR-
Falling threshold voltage: voltage
when POR resets device on falling
VDDCORE
Falling VDDCORE:
1.8V -> VPOR+
1.2
VRESTART
On falling VDDCORE, voltage must
go down to this value before supply
can rise again to ensure reset signal
is released at VPOR+
Falling VDDCORE:
1.8V -> VRESTART
-0.1
TPOR
Minimum time with VDDCORE <
VPOR-
Falling VDDCORE:
1.8V -> 1.1V
TRST
Time for reset signal to be propagated
to system
TSSU1
Time for Cold System Startup: Time
for CPU to fetch its first instruction
(RCosc not calibrated)
TSSU2
Time for Hot System Startup: Time for
CPU to fetch its first instruction
(RCosc calibrated)
V/ms
400
V/ms
1.55
1.65
V
1.3
1.4
V
0.5
V
15
200
480
420
µs
400
µs
960
µs
µs
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AT32UC3B
Figure 9-1.
VDDCORE
MCU Cold Start-Up RESET_N tied to VDDIN
VPOR-
VPOR+
VRESTART
RESET_N
Internal
POR Reset
TPOR
TRST
TSSU1
Internal
MCU Reset
Figure 9-2.
VDDCORE
MCU Cold Start-Up RESET_N Externally Driven
VPOR-
VPOR+
VRESTART
RESET_N
Internal
POR Reset
TPOR
TRST
TSSU1
Internal
MCU Reset
Figure 9-3.
MCU Hot Start-Up
VDDCORE
RESET_N
BOD Reset
WDT Reset
TSSU2
Internal
MCU Reset
In dual supply configuration, the power up sequence must be carefully managed to ensure a
safe startup of the device in all conditions.
The power up sequence must ensure that the internal logic is safely powered when the internal
reset (Power On Reset) is released and that the internal Flash logic is safely powered when the
CPU fetch the first instructions.
40
32059L–AVR32–01/2012
AT32UC3B
Therefore VDDCORE rise rate (VDDRR) must be equal or superior to 2.5V/ms and VDDIO must
reach VDDIO mini value before 500 us (< TRST + TSSU1) after VDDCORE has reached VPOR+
min value.
Figure 9-4.
Dual Supply Configuration
V D D IO m in
V p o r+ m in
VDDCORE
2.5 VD
V/
m DRR
sm
in i
m
um
V D D IO