ATMEGA406-1AAU

Features • High Performance, Low Power AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller • Advanced RISC Architecture • • • • • • • • • – 124 Powerful Instructions - Most Single Clock Cycle Execution – 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers – Fully Static Operation – Up to 1 MIPS Throughput at 1 MHz Nonvolatile Program and Data Memories – 40K Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash, Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles – Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation – 512 bytes EEPROM, Endurance: 100,000 Write/Erase Cycles – 2K Bytes Internal SRAM – Programming Lock for Software Security On-chip Debugging – Extensive On-chip Debug Support – Available through JTAG interface Battery Management Features – Two, Three, or Four Cells in Series – Deep Under-voltage Protection – Over-current Protection (Charge and Discharge) – Short-circuit Protection (Discharge) – Integrated Cell Balancing FETs – High Voltage Outputs to Drive Charge/Precharge/Discharge FETs Peripheral Features – One 8-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and PWM – One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler and Compare Mode – 12-bit Voltage ADC, Eight External and Two Internal ADC Inputs – High Resolution Coulomb Counter ADC for Current Measurements – TWI Serial Interface for SM-Bus – Programmable Wake-up Timer – Programmable Watchdog Timer Special Microcontroller Features – Power-on Reset – On-chip Voltage Regulator – External and Internal Interrupt Sources – Four Sleep Modes: Idle, Power-save, Power-down, and Power-off Packages – 48-pin LQFP Operating Voltage: 4.0 - 25V Maximum Withstand Voltage (High-voltage pins): 28V Temperature Range: -30°C to 85°C – Speed Grade: 1 MHz 8-bit Microcontroller with 40K Bytes In-System Programmable Flash ATmega406 Preliminary Summary 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 1. Pin Configurations Figure 1-1. Pinout ATmega406. 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 NNI NI PI PPI VREFGND VREF NV PV1 PV2 PV3 PV4 GND Top View 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 PVT OD VFET OC OPC BATT PC0 GND PD1 PD0 (T0) PB7 (OC0B/PCINT15) PB6 (OC0A/PCINT14) RESET XTAL1 XTAL2 GND (TDO/PCINT8) PB0 (TDI/PCINT9) PB1 (TMS/PCINT10) PB2 (TCK/PCINT11) PB3 (PCINT12) PB4 (PCINT13) PB5 SCL SDA 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 SGND (ADC0/PCINT0) PA0 (ADC1/PCINT1) PA1 (ADC2/PCINT2) PA2 (ADC3/PCINT3) PA3 VREG VCC GND (ADC4/INT0/PCINT4) PA4 (INT1/PCINT5) PA5 (INT2/PCINT6) PA6 (INT3/PCINT7) PA7 1.1 Disclaimer Typical values contained in this datasheet are based on simulations and characterization of other AVR microcontrollers manufactured on the same process technology. Min and Max values will be available after the device is characterized. 2 ATmega406 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 ATmega406 2. Overview The ATmega406 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the ATmega406 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS at 1 MHz. 2.1 Block Diagram Figure 2-1. Block Diagram PD1..0 PB7..0 PORTD (2) PORTB (8) XTAL1 Oscillator Circuits / Clock Generation XTAL2 Watchdog Oscillator VCC RESET OPC OC OD FET Control Battery Protection PPI NNI PVT PV4 PV3 PV2 PV1 NV Wake-Up Timer JTAG 8 bit T/C0 Cell Balancing Flash SRAM 16 bit T/C1 Voltage ADC EEPROM Voltage Reference Watchdog Timer Power Supervision POR & RESET CPU SGND VREF VREFGND GND BATT VFET VREG Coulumb Counter ADC Charger Detect PI NI DATA BUS Voltage Regulator TWI PORTC (1) PORTA (8) PA3..0 SCL SCA PC0 PA7..0 The ATmega406 provides the following features: a Voltage Regulator, dedicated Battery Protection Circuitry, integrated cell balancing FETs, high-voltage analog front-end, and an MCU with two ADCs with On-chip voltage reference for battery fuel gauging. The voltage regulator operates at a wide range of voltages, 4.0 - 25 volts. This voltage is regulated to a constant supply voltage of nominally 3.3 volts for the integrated logic and analog functions. The battery protection monitors the battery voltage and charge/discharge current to detect illegal conditions and protect the battery from these when required. The illegal conditions are deep under-voltage during discharging, short-circuit during discharging and over-current during charging and discharging. 3 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 The integrated cell balancing FETs allow cell balancing algorithms to be implemented in software. The MCU provides the following features: 40K bytes of In-System Programmable Flash with Read-While-Write capabilities, 512 bytes EEPROM, 2K byte SRAM, 32 general purpose working registers, 18 general purpose I/O lines, 11 high-voltage I/O lines, a JTAG Interface for On-chip Debugging support and programming, two flexible Timer/Counters with PWM and compare modes, one Wake-up Timer, an SM-Bus compliant TWI module, internal and external interrupts, a 12-bit Sigma Delta ADC for voltage and temperature measurements, a high resolution Sigma Delta ADC for Coulomb Counting and instantaneous current measurements, a programmable Watchdog Timer with internal Oscillator, and four software selectable power saving modes. The AVR core combines a rich instruction set with 32 general purpose working registers. All the 32 registers are directly connected to the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), allowing two independent registers to be accessed in one single instruction executed in one clock cycle. The resulting architecture is more code efficient while achieving throughputs up to ten times faster than conventional CISC microcontrollers. The Idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the other chip function to continue functioning. The Power-down mode allows the voltage regulator, battery protection, regulator current detection, Watchdog Timer, and Wake-up Timer to operate, while disabling all other chip functions until the next Interrupt or Hardware Reset. In Power-save mode, the Wake-up Timer and Coulomb Counter ADC continues to run. The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high voltage high density non-volatile memory technology. The On-chip ISP Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed In-System, by a conventional non-volatile memory programmer or by an On-chip Boot program running on the AVR core. The Boot program can use any interface to download the application program in the Application Flash memory. Software in the Boot Flash section will continue to run while the Application Flash section is updated, providing true Read-While-Write operation. By combining an 8-bit RISC CPU with In-System Self-Programmable Flash, fuel gauging ADCs, dedicated battery protection circuitry, Cell Balancing FETs, and a voltage regulator on a monolithic chip, the Atmel ATmega406 is a powerful microcontroller that provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution for Li-ion Smart Battery applications. The ATmega406 AVR is supported with a full suite of program and system development tools including: C Compilers, Macro Assemblers, Program Debugger/Simulators, and On-chip Debugger. 4 ATmega406 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 ATmega406 2.2 2.2.1 Pin Descriptions VFET High voltage supply pin. This pin is used as supply for the internal voltage regulator, described in ”Voltage Regulator” on page 114. In addition the voltage level on this pin is monitored by the battery protection circuit, for deep-under-voltage protection. For details, see ”Battery Protection” on page 125. 2.2.2 VCC Digital supply voltage. Normally connected to VREG. 2.2.3 VREG Output from the internal Voltage Regulator. Used for external decoupling to ensure stable regulator operation. For details, see ”Voltage Regulator” on page 114. 2.2.4 VREF Internal Voltage Reference for external decoupling. For details, see ”Voltage Reference and Temperature Sensor” on page 121. 2.2.5 VREFGND Ground for decoupling of Internal Voltage Reference. For details, see ”Voltage Reference and Temperature Sensor” on page 121. 2.2.6 GND Ground 2.2.7 SGND Signal ground pin, used as reference for Voltage-ADC conversions. For details, see ”Voltage ADC – 10-channel General Purpose 12-bit Sigma-Delta ADC” on page 116. 2.2.8 Port A (PA7:PA0) PA3:PA0 serves as the analog inputs to the Voltage A/D Converter. Port A also serves as a low-voltage 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). As inputs, Port A pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port A pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running. Port A also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega406 as listed in ”Alternate Functions of Port A” on page 68. 2.2.9 Port B (PB7:PB0) Port B is a low-voltage 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). As inputs, Port B pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port B pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running. Port B also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega406 as listed in ”Alternate Functions of Port B” on page 70. 5 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 2.2.10 Port C (PC0) Port C is a high voltage Open Drain output port. 2.2.11 Port D (PD1:PD0) Port D is a low-voltage 2-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-up resistors (selected for each bit). As inputs, Port D pins that are externally pulled low will source current if the pull-up resistors are activated. The Port D pins are tri-stated when a reset condition becomes active, even if the clock is not running. Port D also serves the functions of various special features of the ATmega406 as listed in ”Alternate Functions of Port D” on page 72. 2.2.12 SCL SMBUS clock, Open Drain bidirectional pin. 2.2.13 SDA SMBUS data, Open Drain bidirectional pin. 2.2.14 OC/OD/OPC High voltage output to drive external Charge/Discharge/Pre-charge FETs. For details, see ”FET Control” on page 133. 2.2.15 PPI/NNI Unfiltered positive/negative input from external current sense resistor, used by the battery protection circuit, for over-current and short-circuit detection. For details, see ”Battery Protection” on page 125. 2.2.16 PI/NI Filtered positive/negative input from external current sense resistor, used to by the Coulomb Counter ADC to measure charge/discharge currents flowing in the battery pack. For details, see ”Coulomb Counter - Dedicated Fuel Gauging Sigma-delta ADC” on page 106. 2.2.17 NV/PV1/PV2/PV3/PV4 NV, PV1, PV2, PV3, and PV4 are the inputs for battery cells 1, 2, 3 and 4, used by the Voltage ADC to measure each cell voltage. For details, see ”Voltage ADC – 10-channel General Purpose 12-bit Sigma-Delta ADC” on page 116. 2.2.18 PVT PVT defines the pull-up level for the OD output. 2.2.19 BATT Input for detecting when a charger is connected. This pin also defines the pull-up level for OC and OPC outputs. 2.2.20 RESET Reset input. A low level on this pin for longer than the minimum pulse length will generate a reset, even if the clock is not running. The minimum pulse length is given in Table 11 on page 38. Shorter pulses are not guaranteed to generate a reset. 6 ATmega406 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 ATmega406 2.2.21 XTAL1 Input to the inverting Oscillator amplifier. 2.2.22 XTAL2 Output from the inverting Oscillator amplifier. 3. Resources A comprehensive set of development tools, application notes and datasheets are available for download on http://www.atmel.com/avr. 7 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 8 ATmega406 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 ATmega406 4. Register Summary Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 (0xFF) Reserved – – – – – – – – Page (0xFE) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xFD) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xFC) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xFB) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xFA) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xF9) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xF8) BPPLR – – – – – – BPPLE BPPL 128 (0xF7) BPCR – – – – DUVD SCD DCD CCD 128 (0xF6) CBPTR SCPT[3:0] OCPT[3:0] 129 (0xF5) BPOCD DCDL[3:0] CCDL[3:0] 130 (0xF4) BPSCD – – – – SCDL[3:0] 130 (0xF3) BPDUV – – DUVT1 DUVT0 DUDL[3:0] 131 (0xF2) BPIR DUVIF COCIF DOCIF SCIF DUVIE COCIE DOCIE SCIE 132 (0xF1) CBCR – – – – CBE4 CBE3 CBE2 CBE1 137 (0xF0) FCSR – – PWMOC PWMOPC CPS DFE CFE PFD 134 (0xEF) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xEE) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xED) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xEC) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xEB) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xEA) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xE9) CADICH CADIC[15:8] 111 (0xE8) CADICL CADIC[7:0] 111 (0xE7) CADRDC CADRDC[7:0] 112 (0xE6) CADRCC CADRCC[7:0] (0xE5) CADCSRB – CADACIE CADRCIE CADICIE – CADACIF CADRCIF CADICIF 110 (0xE4) CADCSRA CADEN – CADUB CADAS1 CADAS0 CADSI1 CADSI0 CADSE 109 (0xE3) CADAC3 CADAC[31:24] 111 (0xE2) CADAC2 CADAC[23:16] 111 (0xE1) CADAC1 CADAC[15:8] 111 (0xE0) CADAC0 CADAC[7:0] (0xDF) Reserved – – – – – – – – 112 111 (0xDE) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xDD) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xDC) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xDB) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xDA) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD9) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD8) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD7) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD6) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD5) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD4) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD3) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD2) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xD1) BGCRR BGCR7 BGCR6 BGCR5 BGCR4 BGCR3 BGCR2 BGCR1 BGCR0 123 (0xD0) BGCCR BGEN – BGCC5 BGCC4 BGCC3 BGCC2 BGCC1 BGCC0 123 (0xCF) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xCE) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xCD) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xCC) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xCB) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xCA) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC9) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC8) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC7) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC6) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC5) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC4) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC3) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC2) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC1) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xC0) CCSR – – – – – – XOE ACS 29 9 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 (0xBF) Reserved – – – – – – – – TWBCIF TWBCIE – – – TWBDT1 TWBDT0 TWBCIP 169 – 150 10 (0xBE) TWBCSR (0xBD) TWAMR (0xBC) TWCR (0xBB) TWDR TWAM[6:0] TWINT TWEA TWSTA TWSTO TWWC TWEN – TWIE 2–wire Serial Interface Data Register Page 147 149 (0xBA) TWAR (0xB9) TWSR TWA[6:0] TWGCE (0xB8) TWBR (0xB7) Reserved – – – – – – – (0xB6) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xB5) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xB4) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xB3) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xB2) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xB1) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xB0) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xAF) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xAE) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xAD) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xAC) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xAB) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xAA) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA9) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA8) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA7) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA6) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA5) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA4) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA3) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA2) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA1) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0xA0) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x9F) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x9E) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x9D) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x9C) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x9B) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x9A) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x99) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x98) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x97) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x96) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x95) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x94) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x93) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x92) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x91) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x90) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x8F) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x8E) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x8D) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x8C) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x8B) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x8A) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x89) OCR1AH Timer/Counter1 – Output Compare Register A High Byte 101 (0x88) OCR1AL Timer/Counter1 – Output Compare Register A Low Byte 101 (0x87) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x86) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x85) TCNT1H Timer/Counter1 – Counter Register High Byte 101 (0x84) TCNT1L Timer/Counter1 – Counter Register Low Byte 101 (0x83) Reserved – – – – – – – (0x82) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x81) TCCR1B – – – – CTC1 CS12 CS11 CS10 (0x80) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x7F) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x7E) DIDR0 – – – – VADC3D VADC2D VADC1D VADC0D TWS[7:3] – TWPS1 TWPS0 2–wire Serial Interface Bit Rate Register 149 148 147 – 100 120 ATmega406 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 ATmega406 Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 (0x7D) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x7C) VADMUX – – – – VADMUX3 VADMUX2 VADMUX1 VADMUX0 (0x7B) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x7A) VADCSR – – – – VADEN VADSC VADCCIF VADCCIE (0x79) VADCH – – – – (0x78) VADCL (0x77) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x76) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x75) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x74) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x73) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x72) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x71) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x70) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x6F) TIMSK1 – – – – – – OCIE1A TOIE1 102 (0x6E) TIMSK0 – – – – – OCIE0B OCIE0A TOIE0 93 (0x6D) Reserved – – – – – – – – VADC Data Register High byte Page 118 118 119 VADC Data Register Low byte 119 (0x6C) PCMSK1 PCINT[15:8] (0x6B) PCMSK0 PCINT[7:0] 59 (0x6A) Reserved – – – – – – (0x69) EICRA ISC31 ISC30 ISC21 ISC20 ISC11 ISC10 ISC01 ISC00 56 (0x68) PCICR – – – – – – PCIE1 PCIE0 58 (0x67) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x66) FOSCCAL (0x65) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x64) PRR0 – – – – PRTWI PRTIM1 PRTIM0 PRVADC (0x63) Reserved – – – – – – – – (0x62) WUTCSR WUTIF WUTIE WUTCF WUTR WUTE WUTP2 WUTP1 WUTP0 (0x61) Reserved – – – – – – – – 59 – – Fast Oscillator Calibration Register 29 36 49 (0x60) WDTCSR WDIF WDIE WDP3 WDCE WDE WDP2 WDP1 WDP0 0x3F (0x5F) SREG I T H S V N Z C 47 10 0x3E (0x5E) SPH SP15 SP14 SP13 SP12 SP11 SP10 SP9 SP8 12 0x3D (0x5D) SPL SP7 SP6 SP5 SP4 SP3 SP2 SP1 SP0 12 0x3C (0x5C) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x3B (0x5B) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x3A (0x5A) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x39 (0x59) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x38 (0x58) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x37 (0x57) SPMCSR SPMIE RWWSB SIGRD RWWSRE BLBSET PGWRT PGERS SPMEN 0x36 (0x56) Reserved – – – – – – – – 183 0x35 (0x55) MCUCR JTD – – PUD – – IVSEL IVCE 0x34 (0x54) MCUSR – – – JTRF WDRF BODRF EXTRF PORF 46 0x33 (0x53) SMCR – – – – SM2 SM1 SM0 SE 31 – – – – – – – – 0x32 (0x52) Reserved 0x31 (0x51) OCDR 0x30 (0x50) Reserved – – – – – – – – On-Chip Debug Register 55/73/176 176 0x2F (0x4F) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x2E (0x4E) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x2D (0x4D) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x2C (0x4C) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x2B (0x4B) GPIOR2 General Purpose I/O Register 2 0x2A (0x4A) GPIOR1 General Purpose I/O Register 1 0x29 (0x49) Reserved 0x28 (0x48) OCR0B Timer/Counter0 Output Compare Register B 92 0x27 (0x47) OCR0A Timer/Counter0 Output Compare Register A 92 0x26 (0x46) TCNT0 Timer/Counter0 (8 Bit) 0x25 (0x45) TCCR0B FOC0A FOC0B – – WGM02 CS02 CS01 CS00 0x24 (0x44) TCCR0A COM0A1 COM0A0 COM0B1 COM0B0 – – WGM01 WGM00 88 0x23 (0x43) GTCCR TSM – – – – – – PSRSYNC 105 0x22 (0x42) EEARH – – – – – – – High Byte 19 0x21 (0x41) EEARL EEPROM Address Register Low Byte 19 0x20 (0x40) EEDR EEPROM Data Register 19 – – – – – EEPM1 – EEPM0 24 24 – EERIE – – – 92 EEMPE EEPE EERE 91 0x1F (0x3F) EECR 0x1E (0x3E) GPIOR0 0x1D (0x3D) EIMSK – – – – INT3 INT2 INT1 INT0 57 0x1C (0x3C) EIFR – – – – INTF3 INTF2 INTF1 INTF0 57 General Purpose I/O Register 0 19 24 11 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 0x1B (0x3B) PCIFR – – – – – – PCIF1 PCIF0 Page 0x1A (0x3A) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x19 (0x39) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x18 (0x38) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x17 (0x37) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x16 (0x36) TIFR1 – – – – – – OCF1A TOV1 102 0x15 (0x35) TIFR0 – – – – – OCF0B OCF0A TOV0 94 0x14 (0x34) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x13 (0x33) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x12 (0x32) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x11 (0x31) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x10 (0x30) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x0F (0x2F) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x0E (0x2E) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x0D (0x2D) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x0C (0x2C) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x0B (0x2B) PORTD – – – – – – PORTD1 PORTD0 74 0x0A (0x2A) DDRD – – – – – – DDD1 DDD0 74 0x09 (0x29) PIND – – – – – – PIND1 PIND0 74 0x08 (0x28) PORTC – – – – – – – PORTC0 76 0x07 (0x27) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x06 (0x26) Reserved – – – – – – – – 0x05 (0x25) PORTB PORTB7 PORTB6 PORTB5 PORTB4 PORTB3 PORTB2 PORTB1 PORTB0 74 0x04 (0x24) DDRB DDB7 DDB6 DDB5 DDB4 DDB3 DDB2 DDB1 DDB0 74 74 0x03 (0x23) PINB PINB7 PINB6 PINB5 PINB4 PINB3 PINB2 PINB1 PINB0 0x02 (0x22) PORTA PORTA7 PORTA6 PORTA5 PORTA4 PORTB3 PORTA2 PORTA1 PORTA0 73 0x01 (0x21) DDRA DDA7 DDA6 DDA5 DDA4 DDA3 DDA2 DDA1 DDA0 73 0x00 (0x20) PINA PINA7 PINA6 PINA5 PINA4 PINA3 PINA2 PINA1 PINA0 73 Notes: 12 1. For compatibility with future devices, reserved bits should be written to zero if accessed. Reserved I/O memory addresses should never be written. 2. I/O registers within the address range $00 - $1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and CBI instructions. In these registers, the value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instructions. 3. Some of the status flags are cleared by writing a logical one to them. Note that the CBI and SBI instructions will operate on all bits in the I/O register, writing a one back into any flag read as set, thus clearing the flag. The CBI and SBI instructions work with registers 0x00 to 0x1F only. 4. When using the I/O specific commands IN and OUT, the I/O addresses $00 - $3F must be used. When addressing I/O registers as data space using LD and ST instructions, $20 must be added to these addresses. The ATmega406 is a complex microcontroller with more peripheral units than can be supported within the 64 location reserved in Opcode for the IN and OUT instructions. For the Extended I/O space from $60 - $FF in SRAM, only the ST/STS/STD and LD/LDS/LDD instructions can be used. ATmega406 2548FS–AVR–03/2013 ATmega406 5. Instruction Set Summary Mnemonics Operands Description Operation Flags #Clocks ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC INSTRUCTIONS ADD Rd, Rr Add two Registers Rd  Rd + Rr Z,C,N,V,H ADC Rd, Rr Add with Carry two Registers Rd  Rd + Rr + C Z,C,N,V,H 1 ADIW Rdl,K Add Immediate to Word Rdh:Rdl  Rdh:Rdl + K Z,C,N,V,S 2 SUB Rd, Rr Subtract two Registers Rd  Rd - Rr Z,C,N,V,H 1 SUBI Rd, K Subtract Constant from Register Rd  Rd - K Z,C,N,V,H 1 SBC Rd, Rr Subtract with Carry two Registers Rd  Rd - Rr - C Z,C,N,V,H 1 1 SBCI Rd, K Subtract with Carry Constant from Reg. Rd  Rd - K - C Z,C,N,V,H 1 SBIW Rdl,K Subtract Immediate from Word Rdh:Rdl  Rdh:Rdl - K Z,C,N,V,S 2 1 AND Rd, Rr Logical AND Registers Rd Rd  Rr Z,N,V ANDI Rd, K Logical AND Register and Constant Rd  Rd K Z,N,V 1 OR Rd, Rr Logical OR Registers Rd  Rd v Rr Z,N,V 1 ORI Rd, K Logical OR Register and Constant Rd Rd v K Z,N,V 1 EOR Rd, Rr Exclusive OR Registers Rd  Rd  Rr Z,N,V 1 COM Rd One’s Complement Rd  0xFF  Rd Z,C,N,V 1 NEG Rd Two’s Complement Rd  0x00  Rd Z,C,N,V,H 1 SBR Rd,K Set Bit(s) in Register Rd  Rd v K Z,N,V 1 CBR Rd,K Clear Bit(s) in Register Rd  Rd  (0xFF - K) Z,N,V 1 INC Rd Increment Rd  Rd + 1 Z,N,V 1 DEC Rd Decrement Rd  Rd  1 Z,N,V 1 TST Rd Test for Zero or Minus Rd  Rd  Rd Z,N,V 1 CLR Rd Clear Register Rd  Rd  Rd Z,N,V 1 SER Rd Set Register Rd  0xFF None 1 MUL Rd, Rr Multiply Unsigned R1:R0  Rd x Rr Z,C 2 MULS Rd, Rr Multiply Signed R1:R0  Rd x Rr Z,C 2 MULSU Rd, Rr Multiply Signed with Unsigned R1:R0  Rd x Rr Z,C 2 FMUL Rd, Rr Fractional Multiply Unsigned R1:R0  (Rd x Rr)