PIC24F16KA102 Family
Data Sheet
20/28-Pin General Purpose,
16-Bit Flash Microcontrollers
with nanoWatt XLP Technology
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C
Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:
•
Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.
•
Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the
intended manner and under normal conditions.
•
There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our
knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data
Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.
•
Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.
•
Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not
mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”
Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our
products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts
allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.
Information contained in this publication regarding device
applications and the like is provided only for your convenience
and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to
ensure that your application meets with your specifications.
MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,
QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability
arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip
devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at
the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and
hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,
suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are
conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip
intellectual property rights.
Trademarks
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,
KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,
PIC32 logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,
MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control
Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.
Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, chipKIT,
chipKIT logo, CodeGuard, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net,
dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR,
FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP,
Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified logo, MPLIB,
MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code Generation, PICC,
PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit, PICtail, REAL ICE,
rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance, TSHARC,
UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are trademarks of
Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other
countries.
SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated
in the U.S.A.
All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their
respective companies.
© 2008-2011, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in
the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.
Printed on recycled paper.
ISBN: 978-1-61341-690-7
Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2009 certification for its worldwide
headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and
Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California
and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures
are for its PIC® MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping
devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and
analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design
and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.
DS39927C-page 2
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
20/28-Pin General Purpose, 16-Bit Flash Microcontrollers
with nanoWatt XLP Technology
Power Management Modes:
Analog Features:
•
•
•
•
• 10-Bit, up to 9-Channel Analog-to-Digital Converter:
- 500 ksps conversion rate
- Conversion available during Sleep and Idle
• Dual Analog Comparators with Programmable Input/
Output Configuration
• Charge Time Measurement Unit (CTMU):
- Used for capacitance sensing
- Time measurement, down to 1 ns resolution
- Delay/pulse generation, down to 1 ns resolution
Run – CPU, Flash, SRAM and Peripherals On
Doze – CPU Clock Runs Slower than Peripherals
Idle – CPU Off, Flash, SRAM and Peripherals On
Sleep – CPU, Flash and Peripherals Off and
SRAM On
• Deep Sleep – CPU, Flash, SRAM and
Most Peripherals Off:
- Run mode currents down to 8 A typical
- Idle mode currents down to 2 A typical
- Deep Sleep mode currents down to 20 nA typical
- RTCC 490 nA, 32 kHz, 1.8V
- Watchdog Timer 350 nA, 1.8V typical
Special Microcontroller Features:
• Operating Voltage Range of 1.8V to 3.6V
• High-Current Sink/Source (18 mA/18 mA) on All I/O Pins
• Flash Program Memory:
- Erase/write cycles: 10,000 minimum
- 40-years’ data retention minimum
• Data EEPROM:
- Erase/write cycles: 100,000 minimum
- 40-years’ data retention minimum
• Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
• System Frequency Range Declaration bits:
- Declaring the frequency range optimizes the current
consumption.
• Flexible Watchdog Timer (WDT) with On-Chip,
Low-Power RC Oscillator for Reliable Operation
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™) and
In-Circuit Debug (ICD) via two Pins
• Programmable High/Low-Voltage Detect (HLVD)
• Brown-out Reset (BOR):
- Standard BOR with three programmable trip points;
can be disabled in Sleep
• Extreme Low-Power DSBOR for Deep Sleep,
LPBOR for all other modes
High-Performance CPU:
• Modified Harvard Architecture
• Up to 16 MIPS Operation @ 32 MHz
• 8 MHz Internal Oscillator with 4x PLL Option and
Multiple Divide Options
• 17-Bit by 17-Bit Single-Cycle Hardware Multiplier
• 32-Bit by 16-Bit Hardware Divider
• 16-Bit x 16-Bit Working Register Array
• C Compiler Optimized Instruction Set Architecture
Peripheral Features:
PIC24F
Device
Pins
Program
Memory
(bytes)
SRAM
(bytes)
Data
EEPROM
(bytes)
Timers
16-Bit
Capture
Input
Output
Compare/
PWM
UART/
IrDA®
SPI
I2C™
10-Bit A/D
(ch)
Comparators
CTMU (ch)
RTCC
• Hardware Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC):
- Provides clock, calendar and alarm functions
- Can run in Deep Sleep Mode
• Programmable Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
• Serial Communication modules:
- SPI, I2C™ and two UART modules
• Three 16-Bit Timers/Counters with Programmable
Prescaler
• 16-Bit Capture Inputs
• 16-Bit Compare/PWM Output
• Configurable Open-Drain Outputs on Digital I/O Pins
• Up to Three External Interrupt Sources
08KA101
16KA101
08KA102
16KA102
20
20
28
28
8K
16K
8K
16K
1.5K
1.5K
1.5K
1.5K
512
512
512
512
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
9
9
9
9
2
2
2
2
9
9
9
9
Y
Y
Y
Y
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 3
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Pin Diagrams
20-Pin PDIP, SSOP, SOIC(2)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
PIC24XXKAX01
MCLR/VPP/RA5
PGC2/AN0/VREF+/CN2/RA0
PGD2/AN1/VREF-/CN3/RA1
PGD1/AN2/C1IND/C2INB/U2TX/CN4/RB0
PGC1/AN3/C1INC/C2INA/U2RX/CN5/RB1
U1RX/CN6/RB2
OSCI/CLKI/AN4/C1INB/C2IND/CN30/RA2
OSCO/CLKO/AN5/C1INA/C2INC/CN29/RA3
PGD3/SOSCI/U2RTS/U2BCLK/CN1/RB4
PGC3/SOSCO/T1CK/U2CTS/CN0/RA4
VDD
VSS
REFO/SS1/T2CK/T3CK/CN11/RB15
AN10/CVREF/RTCC/SDI1/OCFA/C1OUT/INT1/CN12/RB14
AN11/SDO1/CTPLS/CN13/RB13
AN12/HLVDIN/SCK1/CTED2/CN14/RB12
OC1/IC1/C2OUT/INT2/CTED1/CN8/RA6
U1RTS/U1BCLK/SDA1/CN21/RB9
U1CTS/SCL1/CN22/RB8
U1TX/INT0/CN23/RB7
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
MCLR/VPP/RA5
AN0/VREF+/CN2/RA0
AN1/VREF-/CN3/RA1
PGD1/AN2/C1IND/C2INB/U2TX/CN4/RB0
PGC1/AN3/C1INC/C2INA/U2RX/CN5/RB1
AN4/C1INB/C2IND/U1RX/CN6/RB2
AN5/C1INA/C2INC/CN7/RB3
VSS
OSCI/CLKI/CN30/RA2
OSCO/CLKO/CN29/RA3
SOSCI/U2RTS/U2BCLK/CN1/RB4
SOSCO/T1CK/U2CTS/CN0/RA4
VDD
PGD3/SDA1(1)/CN27/RB5
Note
1:
2:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
PIC24FXXKAX02
28-Pin SPDIP, SSOP, SOIC(2)
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
VDD
VSS
REFO/SS1/T2CK/T3CK/CN11/RB15
AN10/CVREF/RTCC/OCFA/C1OUT/INT1/CN12/RB14
AN11/SDO1/CTPLS/CN13/RB13
AN12/HLVDIN/CTED2/CN14/RB12
PGC2/SCK1/CN15/RB11
PGD2/SDI1/PMD2/CN16/RB10
OC1/C2OUT/INT2/CTED1/CN8/RA6
IC1/CN9/RA7
U1RTS/U1BCLK/SDA1/CN21/RB9
U1CTS/SCL1/CN22/RB8
U1TX/INT0/CN23/RB7
PGC3/SCL1(1)/CN24/RB6
Alternative multiplexing for SDA1 and SCL1 when the I2CSEL Configuration bit is set.
All device pins have a maximum voltage of 3.6V and are not 5V tolerant.
DS39927C-page 4
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Pin Diagrams (Continued)
PGD2/AN1/VREF-/CN3/RA1
PGC2/AN0/VREF+/CN2/RA0
MCLR/VPP/RA5
VDD
VSS
20-Pin QFN(1,2)
20 19 18 17 16
15
1
14
2
3 PIC24FXXKA10213
12
4
11
5
6 7 8 9 10
REFO/SS1/T2CK/T3CK/CN11/RB15
AN10/CVREF/RTCC/SDI1/OCFA/C1OUT/INT1/CN12/RB14
AN11/SDO1/CTPLS/ CN13/RB13
AN12/HLVDIN/SCK1/CTED2/CN14/RB12
OC1/IC1/C2OUT/INT2/CTED1/CN8/RA6
PGD3/SOSCI/U2RTS/CN1/U2BCLK/RB4
PGC3/SOSCO/T1CK/U2CTS/CN0/RA4
U1TX/INT0/CN23/RB7
U1CTS/SCL1/CN22/RB8
U1RTS/U1BCLK/SDA1/CN21/RB9
PGD1/AN2/C1IND/C2INB/U2TX/CN4/RB0
PGC1/AN3/C1INC/C2INA/U2RX/CN5/RB1
U1RX/CN6/RB2
OSCI/CLKI/AN4/C1INB/C2IND/CN30/RA2
OSCO/CLKO/AN5/C1INA/C2INC/CN29/RA3
Note 1:
2:
The bottom pad of the QFN package should be connected to VSS.
All device pins have a maximum voltage of 3.6V and are not 5V tolerant.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 5
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Pin Diagrams (Continued)
AN1/VREF-/CN3/RA1
AN0/VREF+/CN2/RA0
MCLR/VPP/RA5
VDD
Vss
REFO/SS1/T2CK/T3CK/CN11/RB15
AN10/CVREF/RTCC/OCFA/C1OUT/INT1/CN12/RB14
28-Pin QFN(2,3)
28 27 26 25 24 23 22
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PIC24FXXKA102
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
AN11/SDO1/CTPLS/CN13/RB13
AN12/HLVDIN/CTED2/CN14/RB12
PGC2/SCK1/CN15/RB11
PGD2/SDI1/PMD2/CN16/RB10
OC1/C2OUT/INT2/CTED1/CN8/RA6
IC1/CN9/RA7
U1RTS/U1BCLK/SDA1/CN21/RB9
SOSCI/U2RTS/U2BCLK/CN1/RB4
SOSCO/T1CK/U2CTS/CN0/RA4
VDD
PGD3/SDA1(1)/CN27/RB5
PGC3/SCL1(1)/CN24/RB6
U1TX/INT0/CN23/RB7
U1CTS/SCL1/CN22/RB8
PGD1/AN2/C1IND/C2INB/U2TX/CN4/RB0
PGC1/AN3/C1INC/C2INA/U2RX/CN5/RB1
AN4/C1INB/C2IND/U1RX/CN6/RB2
AN5/C1INA/C2INC/CN7/RB3
VSS
OSCI/CLKI/CN30/RA2
OSCO/CLKO/CN29/RA3
Note 1:
Alternative multiplexing for SDA1 and SCL1 when the I2CSEL Configuration bit is set.
2:
The bottom pad of the QFN package should be connected to VSS.
3:
All device pins have a maximum voltage of 3.6V and are not 5V tolerant.
DS39927C-page 6
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Table of Contents
1.0 Device Overview .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.0 Guidelines for Getting Started with 16-Bit Microcontrollers........................................................................................................ 17
3.0 CPU ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.0 Memory Organization ................................................................................................................................................................. 29
5.0 Flash Program Memory.............................................................................................................................................................. 45
6.0 Data EEPROM Memory ............................................................................................................................................................. 51
7.0 Resets ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 57
8.0 Interrupt Controller ..................................................................................................................................................................... 63
9.0 Oscillator Configuration .............................................................................................................................................................. 91
10.0 Power-Saving Features............................................................................................................................................................ 101
11.0 I/O Ports ................................................................................................................................................................................... 113
12.0 Timer1 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 115
13.0 Timer2/3 ................................................................................................................................................................................... 117
14.0 Input Capture............................................................................................................................................................................ 123
15.0 Output Compare....................................................................................................................................................................... 125
16.0 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)............................................................................................................................................... 131
17.0 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C™) ................................................................................................................................................. 139
18.0 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) ........................................................................................................... 147
19.0 Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC) .................................................................................................................................. 155
20.0 Programmable Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Generator .................................................................................................. 167
21.0 High/Low-Voltage Detect (HLVD)............................................................................................................................................. 171
22.0 10-Bit High-Speed A/D Converter ............................................................................................................................................ 173
23.0 Comparator Module.................................................................................................................................................................. 183
24.0 Comparator Voltage Reference................................................................................................................................................ 187
25.0 Charge Time Measurement Unit (CTMU) ................................................................................................................................ 189
26.0 Special Features ...................................................................................................................................................................... 193
27.0 Development Support............................................................................................................................................................... 203
28.0 Instruction Set Summary .......................................................................................................................................................... 207
29.0 Electrical Characteristics .......................................................................................................................................................... 215
30.0 Packaging Information.............................................................................................................................................................. 251
Appendix A: Revision History............................................................................................................................................................. 269
Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 271
The Microchip Web Site ..................................................................................................................................................................... 275
Customer Change Notification Service .............................................................................................................................................. 275
Customer Support .............................................................................................................................................................................. 275
Reader Response .............................................................................................................................................................................. 276
Product Identification System ............................................................................................................................................................ 277
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 7
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS
It is our intention to provide our valued customers with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip
products. To this end, we will continue to improve our publications to better suit your needs. Our publications will be refined and
enhanced as new volumes and updates are introduced.
If you have any questions or comments regarding this publication, please contact the Marketing Communications Department via
E-mail at docerrors@microchip.com or fax the Reader Response Form in the back of this data sheet to (480) 792-4150. We
welcome your feedback.
Most Current Data Sheet
To obtain the most up-to-date version of this data sheet, please register at our Worldwide Web site at:
http://www.microchip.com
You can determine the version of a data sheet by examining its literature number found on the bottom outside corner of any page.
The last character of the literature number is the version number, (e.g., DS30000A is version A of document DS30000).
Errata
An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current
devices. As device/documentation issues become known to us, we will publish an errata sheet. The errata will specify the revision
of silicon and revision of document to which it applies.
To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following:
• Microchip’s Worldwide Web site; http://www.microchip.com
• Your local Microchip sales office (see last page)
When contacting a sales office, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include literature number) you are
using.
Customer Notification System
Register on our web site at www.microchip.com to receive the most current information on all of our products.
DS39927C-page 8
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
1.0
DEVICE OVERVIEW
This document contains device-specific information for
the following devices:
•
•
•
•
PIC24F08KA101
PIC24F16KA101
PIC24F08KA102
PIC24F16KA102
The PIC24F16KA102 family introduces a new line of
extreme low-power Microchip devices: a 16-bit microcontroller family with a broad peripheral feature set and
enhanced computational performance. It also offers a
new migration option for those high-performance applications, which may be outgrowing their 8-bit platforms,
but do not require the numerical processing power of a
digital signal processor.
1.1
1.1.1
Core Features
16-BIT ARCHITECTURE
Central to all PIC24F devices is the 16-bit modified
Harvard architecture, first introduced with Microchip’s
dsPIC® digital signal controllers. The PIC24F CPU core
offers a wide range of enhancements, such as:
• 16-bit data and 24-bit address paths with the
ability to move information between data and
memory spaces
• Linear addressing of up to 12 Mbytes (program
space) and 64 Kbytes (data)
• A 16-element working register array with built-in
software stack support
• A 17 x 17 hardware multiplier with support for
integer math
• Hardware support for 32-bit by 16-bit division
• An instruction set that supports multiple
addressing modes and is optimized for high-level
languages, such as C
• Operational performance up to 16 MIPS
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
1.1.2
POWER-SAVING TECHNOLOGY
All of the devices in the PIC24F16KA102 family
incorporate a range of features that can significantly
reduce power consumption during operation. Key
items include:
• On-the-Fly Clock Switching: The device clock
can be changed under software control to the
Timer1 source or the internal, low-power RC
oscillator during operation, allowing users to
incorporate power-saving ideas into their software
designs.
• Doze Mode Operation: When timing-sensitive
applications, such as serial communications,
require the uninterrupted operation of peripherals,
the CPU clock speed can be selectively reduced,
allowing incremental power savings without
missing a beat.
• Instruction-Based Power-Saving Modes: There
are three instruction-based power-saving modes:
- Idle Mode: The core is shut down while leaving
the peripherals active.
- Sleep Mode: The core and peripherals that
require the system clock are shut down, leaving
the peripherals that use their own clock, or the
clock from other devices, active.
- Deep Sleep Mode: The core, peripherals (except
RTCC and DSWDT), Flash and SRAM are shut
down.
1.1.3
OSCILLATOR OPTIONS AND
FEATURES
The PIC24F16KA102 family offers five different
oscillator options, allowing users a range of choices in
developing application hardware. These include:
• Two Crystal modes using crystals or ceramic
resonators.
• Two External Clock modes offering the option of a
divide-by-2 clock output.
• Two Fast Internal Oscillators (FRCs): One with a
nominal 8 MHz output and the other with a
nominal 500 kHz output. These outputs can also
be divided under software control to provide clock
speed as low as 31 kHz or 2 kHz.
• A Phase Locked Loop (PLL) frequency multiplier,
available to the External Oscillator modes and the
8 MHz FRC oscillator, which allows clock speeds
of up to 32 MHz.
• A separate Internal RC oscillator (LPRC) with a
fixed 31 kHz output, which provides a low-power
option for timing-insensitive applications.
DS39927C-page 9
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
The internal oscillator block also provides a stable
reference source for the Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
(FSCM). This option constantly monitors the main clock
source against a reference signal provided by the
internal oscillator and enables the controller to switch to
the internal oscillator, allowing for continued low-speed
operation or a safe application shutdown.
1.3
1.1.4
1.
EASY MIGRATION
Regardless of the memory size, all the devices share
the same rich set of peripherals, allowing for a smooth
migration path as applications grow and evolve.
The consistent pinout scheme used throughout the
entire family also helps in migrating to the next larger
device. This is true when moving between devices with
the same pin count, or even jumping from 20-pin to
28-pin devices.
The PIC24F family is pin compatible with devices in the
dsPIC33 family, and shares some compatibility with the
pinout schema for PIC18 and dsPIC30. This extends
the ability of applications to grow from the relatively
simple, to the powerful and complex.
1.2
Other Special Features
• Communications: The PIC24F16KA102 family
incorporates a range of serial communication
peripherals to handle a range of application
requirements. There is an I2C™ module that
supports both the Master and Slave modes of
operation. It also comprises UARTs with built-in
IrDA® encoders/decoders and an SPI module.
• Real-Time Clock/Calendar: This module
implements a full-featured clock and calendar with
alarm functions in hardware, freeing up timer
resources and program memory space for use of
the core application.
• 10-Bit A/D Converter: This module incorporates
programmable acquisition time, allowing for a
channel to be selected and a conversion to be
initiated without waiting for a sampling period, and
faster sampling speed. The 16-deep result buffer
can be used either in Sleep to reduce power, or in
Active mode to improve throughput.
• Charge Time Measurement Unit (CTMU)
Interface: The PIC24F16KA102 family includes
the new CTMU interface module, which can be
used for capacitive touch sensing, proximity
sensing and also for precision time measurement
and pulse generation.
DS39927C-page 10
Details on Individual Family
Members
Devices in the PIC24F16KA102 family are available in
20-pin and 28-pin packages. The general block
diagram for all devices is displayed in Figure 1-1.
The devices are different from each other in two ways:
2.
3.
Flash program memory (8 Kbytes for
PIC24F08KA devices, 16 Kbytes for PIC24F16KA
devices).
Available I/O pins and ports (18 pins on two
ports for 20-pin devices and 24 pins on two ports
for 28-pin devices).
Alternate SCLx and SDAx pins are available
only in 28-pin devices and not in 20-pin devices.
All other features for devices in this family are identical;
these are summarized in Table 1-1.
A list of the pin features available on the
PIC24F16KA102 family devices, sorted by function, is
provided in Table 1-2.
Note:
Table 1-1 provides the pin location of
individual peripheral features and not how
they are multiplexed on the same pin. This
information is provided in the pinout
diagrams on pages 4, 5 and 6 of the data
sheet. Multiplexed features are sorted by
the priority given to a feature, with the
highest priority peripheral being listed
first.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Program Memory (bytes)
16K
Program Memory (instructions)
2816
5632
2816
5632
512
Interrupt Sources (soft vectors/NMI traps)
30 (26/4)
PORTA
PORTB
PORTA
PORTB
18
24
Timers: Total Number (16-bit)
32-Bit (from paired 16-bit timers)
3
1
Input Capture Channels
1
Output Compare/PWM Channels
1
Input Change Notification Interrupt
16K
1536
Data EEPROM Memory (bytes)
Total I/O Pins
8K
DC – 32 MHz
Data Memory (bytes)
I/O Ports
PIC24F16KA102
8K
Operating Frequency
PIC24F08KA102
Features
PIC24F16KA101
DEVICE FEATURES FOR THE PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
PIC24F08KA101
TABLE 1-1:
17
23
Serial Communications: UART
SPI (3-wire/4-wire)
I2C™
2
1
1
10-Bit Analog-to-Digital Module (input channels)
9
Analog Comparators
2
Resets (and delays)
POR, BOR, RESET Instruction, MCLR, WDT, Illegal Opcode,
REPEAT Instruction, Hardware Traps, Configuration Word
Mismatch (PWRT, OST, PLL Lock)
Instruction Set
Packages
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
76 Base Instructions, Multiple Addressing Mode Variations
20-Pin PDIP/SSOP/SOIC/QFN
28-Pin SPDIP/SSOP/SOIC/QFN
DS39927C-page 11
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 1-1:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY GENERAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
Data Bus
Interrupt
Controller
16
16
16
8
Data Latch
PSV and Table
Data Access
Control Block
Data RAM
PCH
PCL
Program Counter
Repeat
Stack
Control
Control
Logic
Logic
23
Address
Latch
PORTA(1)
RA
16
23
16
Read AGU
Write AGU
Address Latch
Program Memory
PORTB(1)
Data EEPROM
RB
Data Latch
16
EA MUX
Literal Data
Address Bus
24
Inst Latch
16
16
Inst Register
Instruction
Decode and
Control
Control Signals
16 x 16
W Reg Array
17x17
Multiplier
Power-up
Timer
Timing
OSCO/CLKO
OSCI/CLKI Generation
Divide
Support
Oscillator
Start-up Timer
FRC/LPRC
Oscillators
Power-on
Reset
16-Bit ALU
16
Watchdog
Timer
DSWDT
Precision
Band Gap
Reference
BOR
, SS
VDDV
Note 1:
MCLR
HLVD
RTCC
Timer1
Timer2/3
CTMU
10-Bit
A/D
Comparators
REFO
IC1
OC1/PWM
CN1-22(1)
SPI1
I2C1
UART1/2
All pins or features are not implemented on all device pinout configurations. See Table 1-2 for I/O port pin
descriptions.
DS39927C-page 12
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 1-2:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY PINOUT DESCRIPTIONS
Pin Number
20-Pin
PDIP/SSOP/
SOIC
20-Pin
QFN
28-Pin
SPDIP/
SSOP/SOIC
28-Pin
QFN
I/O
Input
Buffer
2
19
2
27
I
ANA
AN1
3
20
3
28
I
ANA
AN2
4
1
4
1
I
ANA
AN3
5
2
5
2
I
ANA
AN4
7
4
6
3
I
ANA
Function
AN0
AN5
8
5
7
4
I
ANA
AN10
17
14
25
22
I
ANA
AN11
16
13
24
21
I
ANA
AN12
15
12
23
20
I
ANA
U1BCLK
13
10
18
15
O
—
Description
A/D Analog Inputs
UART1 IrDA® Baud Clock
UART2 IrDA Baud Clock
U2BCLK
9
6
11
8
O
—
C1INA
8
5
7
4
I
ANA
Comparator 1 Input A (Positive Input)
C1INB
7
4
6
3
I
ANA
Comparator 1 Input B (Negative Input Option 1)
C1INC
5
2
5
2
I
ANA
Comparator Input C (Negative Input Option 2)
C1IND
4
1
4
1
I
ANA
C1OUT
17
14
25
22
O
—
C2INA
5
2
5
2
I
ANA
Comparator Input D (Negative Input Option 3)
Comparator 1 Output
Comparator 2 Input A (Positive Input)
C2INB
4
1
4
1
I
ANA
Comparator 2 Input B (Negative Input Option 1)
C2INC
8
5
7
4
I
ANA
Comparator 2 Input C (Negative Input Option 2)
Comparator 2 Input D (Negative Input Option 3)
C2IND
7
4
6
3
I
ANA
C2OUT
14
11
20
17
O
—
CLKI
7
4
9
6
I
ANA
CLKO
8
5
10
7
O
—
Legend:
Note 1:
Comparator 2 Output
Main Clock Input Connection
System Clock Output
ST = Schmitt Trigger input buffer, ANA = Analog level input/output, I2C™ = I2C/SMBus input buffer
Alternative multiplexing when the I2C1SEL Configuration bit is cleared.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 13
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 1-2:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY PINOUT DESCRIPTIONS (CONTINUED)
Pin Number
20-Pin
PDIP/SSOP/
SOIC
20-Pin
QFN
28-Pin
SPDIP/
SSOP/SOIC
28-Pin
QFN
I/O
Input
Buffer
CN0
10
7
12
9
I
ST
CN1
9
6
11
8
I
ST
CN2
2
19
2
27
I
ST
CN3
3
20
3
28
I
ST
CN4
4
1
4
1
I
ST
CN5
5
2
5
2
I
ST
ST
Function
CN6
6
3
6
3
I
CN7
—
—
7
4
I
ST
CN8
14
11
20
17
I
ST
CN9
—
—
19
16
I
ST
CN11
18
15
26
23
I
ST
CN12
17
14
25
22
I
ST
CN13
16
13
24
21
I
ST
CN14
15
12
23
20
I
ST
CN15
—
—
22
19
I
ST
CN16
—
—
21
18
I
ST
CN21
13
10
18
15
I
ST
CN22
12
9
17
14
I
ST
CN23
11
8
16
13
I
ST
CN24
—
—
15
12
I
ST
CN27
—
—
14
11
I
ST
CN29
8
5
10
7
I
ST
Description
Interrupt-on-Change Inputs
CN30
7
4
9
6
I
ST
CVREF
17
14
25
22
O
ANA
CTED1
14
11
20
17
I
ST
CTMU Trigger Edge Input 1
CTED2
15
12
23
20
I
ST
CTMU Trigger Edge Input 2
CTPLS
16
13
24
21
O
—
CTMU Pulse Output
IC1
14
11
19
16
I
ST
Input Capture 1 Input
External Interrupt Inputs
Comparator Voltage Reference Output
INT0
11
8
16
13
I
ST
INT1
17
14
25
22
I
ST
INT2
14
11
20
17
I
ST
HLVDIN
15
12
23
20
I
ANA
MCLR
1
18
1
26
I
ST
OC1
14
11
20
17
O
—
Output Compare/PWM Outputs
OCFA
17
14
25
22
I
—
Output Compare Fault A
OSCI
7
4
9
6
I
ANA
OSCO
8
5
10
7
O
ANA
Legend:
Note 1:
HLVD Voltage Input
Master Clear (device Reset) Input
Main Oscillator Input Connection
Main Oscillator Output Connection
I2C™
ST = Schmitt Trigger input buffer, ANA = Analog level input/output,
Alternative multiplexing when the I2C1SEL Configuration bit is cleared.
DS39927C-page 14
= I2C/SMBus input buffer
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 1-2:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY PINOUT DESCRIPTIONS (CONTINUED)
Pin Number
20-Pin
PDIP/SSOP/
SOIC
20-Pin
QFN
28-Pin
SPDIP/
SSOP/SOIC
28-Pin
QFN
I/O
Input
Buffer
PGC1
5
2
5
2
I/O
ST
In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP™ Programming
Clock
PGD1
4
1
4
1
I/O
ST
In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP Programming Data
PGC2
2
19
22
19
I/O
ST
In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP Programming
Clock
PGD2
3
20
21
18
I/O
ST
In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP Programming Data
PGC3
10
7
15
12
I/O
ST
In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP Programming
Clock
Function
Description
PGD3
9
6
14
11
I/O
ST
In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP Programming Data
RA0
2
19
2
27
I/O
ST
PORTA Digital I/O
RA1
3
20
3
28
I/O
ST
RA2
7
4
9
6
I/O
ST
RA3
8
5
10
7
I/O
ST
RA4
10
7
12
9
I/O
ST
RA5
1
18
1
26
I/O
ST
RA6
14
11
20
17
I/O
ST
RA7
—
—
19
16
I/O
ST
RB0
4
1
4
1
I/O
ST
RB1
5
2
5
2
I/O
ST
ST
PORTB Digital I/O
RB2
6
3
6
3
I/O
RB3
—
—
7
4
I/O
ST
RB4
9
6
11
8
I/O
ST
RB5
—
—
14
11
I/O
ST
RB6
—
—
15
12
I/O
ST
RB7
11
8
16
13
I/O
ST
RB8
12
9
17
14
I/O
ST
RB9
13
10
18
15
I/O
ST
RB10
—
—
21
18
I/O
ST
RB11
—
—
22
19
I/O
ST
RB12
15
12
23
20
I/O
ST
RB13
16
13
24
21
I/O
ST
RB14
17
14
25
22
I/O
ST
RB15
18
15
26
23
I/O
ST
REFO
18
15
26
23
O
—
Reference Clock Output
RTCC
17
14
25
22
O
—
Real-Time Clock Alarm Output
SCK1
15
12
22
19
I/O
ST
SPI1 Serial Clock Input/Output
SCL1
12
9
17, 15(1)
14, 12 (1)
I/O
I2C
I2C1 Synchronous Serial Clock Input/Output
SDA1
13
10
18, 14(1)
15, 11(1)
I/O
I2C
I2C1 Data Input/Output
SDI1
17
14
21
18
I
ST
SPI1 Serial Data Input
SDO1
16
13
24
21
O
—
SPI1 Serial Data Output
SOSCI
9
6
11
8
I
ANA
SOSCO
10
7
12
9
O
ANA
SS1
18
15
26
23
I/O
ST
Legend:
Note 1:
Secondary Oscillator Input
Secondary Oscillator Output
Slave Select Input/Frame Select Output (SPI1)
ST = Schmitt Trigger input buffer, ANA = Analog level input/output, I2C™ = I2C/SMBus input buffer
Alternative multiplexing when the I2C1SEL Configuration bit is cleared.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 15
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 1-2:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY PINOUT DESCRIPTIONS (CONTINUED)
Pin Number
Function
20-Pin
PDIP/SSOP/
SOIC
20-Pin
QFN
28-Pin
SPDIP/
SSOP/SOIC
28-Pin
QFN
I/O
Input
Buffer
Description
T1CK
10
7
12
9
I
ST
Timer1 Clock
T2CK
18
15
26
23
I
ST
Timer2 Clock
T3CK
18
15
26
23
I
ST
Timer3 Clock
U1CTS
12
9
17
14
I
ST
UART1 Clear to Send Input
U1RTS
13
10
18
15
O
—
UART1 Request to Send Output
U1RX
6
3
6
3
I
ST
UART1 Receive
U1TX
11
8
16
13
O
—
UART1 Transmit Output
VDD
20
17
13, 28
10, 25
P
—
Positive Supply for Peripheral Digital Logic and
I/O Pins
Programming Mode Entry Voltage
VPP
1
18
1
26
P
—
VREF-
3
20
3
28
I
ANA
A/D and Comparator Reference Voltage (low)
Input
VREF+
2
19
2
27
I
ANA
A/D and Comparator Reference Voltage (high)
Input
19
16
8, 27
5, 24
P
—
VSS
Legend:
Note 1:
Ground Reference for Logic and I/O Pin
ST = Schmitt Trigger input buffer, ANA = Analog level input/output, I2C™ = I2C/SMBus input buffer
Alternative multiplexing when the I2C1SEL Configuration bit is cleared.
DS39927C-page 16
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
2.0
GUIDELINES FOR GETTING
STARTED WITH 16-BIT
MICROCONTROLLERS
FIGURE 2-1:
RECOMMENDED
MINIMUM CONNECTIONS
C2(2)
• All VDD and VSS pins
(see Section 2.2 “Power Supply Pins”)
• All AVDD and AVSS pins, regardless of whether or
not the analog device features are used
(see Section 2.2 “Power Supply Pins”)
• MCLR pin
(see Section 2.3 “Master Clear (MCLR) Pin”)
• VCAP pins
(see Section 2.4 “Voltage Regulator Pin (VCAP)”)
VSS
VDD
R2
MCLR
VCAP
C1
(3)
PIC24FXXKXX
C7
VSS
VDD
VDD
VSS
C3(2)
C6(2)
C5(2)
C4(2)
These pins must also be connected if they are being
used in the end application:
Key (all values are recommendations):
• PGECx/PGEDx pins used for In-Circuit Serial
Programming™ (ICSP™) and debugging purposes
(see Section 2.5 “ICSP Pins”)
• OSCI and OSCO pins when an external oscillator
source is used
(see Section 2.6 “External Oscillator Pins”)
C7: 10 F, 16V tantalum or ceramic
Additionally, the following pins may be required:
C1 through C6: 0.1 F, 20V ceramic
R1: 10 kΩ
R2: 100Ω to 470Ω
Note 1:
2:
• VREF+/VREF- pins are used when external voltage
reference for analog modules is implemented
Note:
The AVDD and AVSS pins must always be
connected, regardless of whether any of
the analog modules are being used.
(1)
VSS
The following pins must always be connected:
R1
VDD
Getting started with the PIC24F16KA102 family family
of 16-bit microcontrollers requires attention to a
minimal set of device pin connections before
proceeding with development.
VDD
AVSS
Basic Connection Requirements
AVDD
2.1
3:
See Section 2.4 “Voltage Regulator Pin
(VCAP)” for explanation of VCAP pin
connections.
The example shown is for a PIC24F device
with five VDD/VSS and AVDD/AVSS pairs.
Other devices may have more or less pairs;
adjust the number of decoupling capacitors
appropriately.
Some PIC24F K parts do not have a
regulator.
The minimum mandatory connections are shown in
Figure 2-1.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 17
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
2.2
2.2.1
Power Supply Pins
DECOUPLING CAPACITORS
The use of decoupling capacitors on every pair of
power supply pins, such as VDD, VSS, AVDD and
AVSS, is required.
Consider the following criteria when using decoupling
capacitors:
• Value and type of capacitor: A 0.1 F (100 nF),
10-20V capacitor is recommended. The capacitor
should be a low-ESR device, with a resonance
frequency in the range of 200 MHz and higher.
Ceramic capacitors are recommended.
• Placement on the printed circuit board: The
decoupling capacitors should be placed as close
to the pins as possible. It is recommended to
place the capacitors on the same side of the
board as the device. If space is constricted, the
capacitor can be placed on another layer on the
PCB using a via; however, ensure that the trace
length from the pin to the capacitor is no greater
than 0.25 inch (6 mm).
• Handling high-frequency noise: If the board is
experiencing high-frequency noise (upward of
tens of MHz), add a second ceramic type capacitor in parallel to the above described decoupling
capacitor. The value of the second capacitor can
be in the range of 0.01 F to 0.001 F. Place this
second capacitor next to each primary decoupling
capacitor. In high-speed circuit designs, consider
implementing a decade pair of capacitances as
close to the power and ground pins as possible
(e.g., 0.1 F in parallel with 0.001 F).
• Maximizing performance: On the board layout
from the power supply circuit, run the power and
return traces to the decoupling capacitors first,
and then to the device pins. This ensures that the
decoupling capacitors are first in the power chain.
Equally important is to keep the trace length
between the capacitor and the power pins to a
minimum, thereby reducing PCB trace
inductance.
2.2.2
TANK CAPACITORS
On boards with power traces running longer than
six inches in length, it is suggested to use a tank capacitor for integrated circuits, including microcontrollers, to
supply a local power source. The value of the tank
capacitor should be determined based on the trace
resistance that connects the power supply source to
the device, and the maximum current drawn by the
device in the application. In other words, select the tank
capacitor so that it meets the acceptable voltage sag at
the device. Typical values range from 4.7 F to 47 F.
DS39927C-page 18
2.3
Master Clear (MCLR) Pin
The MCLR pin provides two specific device
functions: Device Reset, and Device Programming
and Debugging. If programming and debugging are
not required in the end application, a direct
connection to VDD may be all that is required. The
addition of other components, to help increase the
application’s resistance to spurious Resets from
voltage sags, may be beneficial. A typical
configuration is shown in Figure 2-1. Other circuit
designs may be implemented, depending on the
application’s requirements.
During programming and debugging, the resistance
and capacitance that can be added to the pin must
be considered. Device programmers and debuggers
drive the MCLR pin. Consequently, specific voltage
levels (VIH and VIL) and fast signal transitions must
not be adversely affected. Therefore, specific values
of R1 and C1 will need to be adjusted based on the
application and PCB requirements. For example, it is
recommended that the capacitor, C1, be isolated
from the MCLR pin during programming and
debugging operations by using a jumper (Figure 2-2).
The jumper is replaced for normal run-time
operations.
Any components associated with the MCLR pin
should be placed within 0.25 inch (6 mm) of the pin.
FIGURE 2-2:
EXAMPLE OF MCLR PIN
CONNECTIONS
VDD
R1
R2
JP
MCLR
PIC24FXXKXX
C1
Note 1:
R1 10 k is recommended. A suggested
starting value is 10 k. Ensure that the
MCLR pin VIH and VIL specifications are met.
2:
R2 470 will limit any current flowing into
MCLR from the external capacitor, C, in the
event of MCLR pin breakdown, due to
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) or Electrical
Overstress (EOS). Ensure that the MCLR pin
VIH and VIL specifications are met.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Voltage Regulator Pin (VCAP)
Note:
This section applies only to PIC24F K
devices with an on-chip voltage regulator.
Refer to Section 29.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for
information on VDD and VDDCORE.
FIGURE 2-3:
Some of the PIC24F K devices have an internal voltage
regulator. These devices have the voltage regulator
output brought out on the VCAP pin. On the PIC24F K
devices with regulators, a low-ESR (< 5Ω) capacitor is
required on the VCAP pin to stabilize the voltage
regulator output. The VCAP pin must not be connected to
VDD and must use a capacitor of 10 µF connected to
ground. The type can be ceramic or tantalum. Suitable
examples of capacitors are shown in Table 2-1.
Capacitors with equivalent specifications can be used.
Designers may use Figure 2-3 to evaluate ESR
equivalence of candidate devices.
The placement of this capacitor should be close to VCAP.
It is recommended that the trace length not exceed
0.25 inch (6 mm). Refer to Section 29.0 “Electrical
Characteristics” for additional information.
TABLE 2-1:
FREQUENCY vs. ESR
PERFORMANCE FOR
SUGGESTED VCAP
10
1
ESR ()
2.4
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.01
Note:
0.1
1
10
100
Frequency (MHz)
1000 10,000
Typical data measurement at 25°C, 0V DC bias.
SUITABLE CAPACITOR EQUIVALENTS
Make
Part #
Nominal
Capacitance
Base Tolerance
Rated Voltage
Temp. Range
TDK
C3216X7R1C106K
10 µF
±10%
16V
-55 to 125ºC
TDK
C3216X5R1C106K
10 µF
±10%
16V
-55 to 85ºC
Panasonic
ECJ-3YX1C106K
10 µF
±10%
16V
-55 to 125ºC
Panasonic
ECJ-4YB1C106K
10 µF
±10%
16V
-55 to 85ºC
Murata
GRM32DR71C106KA01L
10 µF
±10%
16V
-55 to 125ºC
Murata
GRM31CR61C106KC31L
10 µF
±10%
16V
-55 to 85ºC
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 19
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
CONSIDERATIONS FOR CERAMIC
CAPACITORS
In recent years, large value, low-voltage, surface-mount
ceramic capacitors have become very cost effective in
sizes up to a few tens of microfarad. The low-ESR, small
physical size and other properties make ceramic
capacitors very attractive in many types of applications.
Ceramic capacitors are suitable for use with the internal voltage regulator of this microcontroller. However,
some care is needed in selecting the capacitor to
ensure that it maintains sufficient capacitance over the
intended operating range of the application.
Typical low-cost, 10 F ceramic capacitors are available
in X5R, X7R and Y5V dielectric ratings (other types are
also available, but are less common). The initial tolerance specifications for these types of capacitors are
often specified as ±10% to ±20% (X5R and X7R), or
-20%/+80% (Y5V). However, the effective capacitance
that these capacitors provide in an application circuit will
also vary based on additional factors, such as the
applied DC bias voltage and the temperature. The total
in-circuit tolerance is, therefore, much wider than the
initial tolerance specification.
The X5R and X7R capacitors typically exhibit satisfactory temperature stability (ex: ±15% over a wide
temperature range, but consult the manufacturer's data
sheets for exact specifications). However, Y5V capacitors typically have extreme temperature tolerance
specifications of +22%/-82%. Due to the extreme
temperature tolerance, a 10 F nominal rated Y5V type
capacitor may not deliver enough total capacitance to
meet minimum internal voltage regulator stability and
transient response requirements. Therefore, Y5V
capacitors are not recommended for use with the
internal regulator if the application must operate over a
wide temperature range.
In addition to temperature tolerance, the effective
capacitance of large value ceramic capacitors can vary
substantially, based on the amount of DC voltage
applied to the capacitor. This effect can be very significant, but is often overlooked or is not always
documented.
A typical DC bias voltage vs. capacitance graph for
X7R type capacitors is shown in Figure 2-4.
FIGURE 2-4:
Capacitance Change (%)
2.4.1
DC BIAS VOLTAGE vs.
CAPACITANCE
CHARACTERISTICS
10
0
-10
16V Capacitor
-20
-30
-40
10V Capacitor
-50
-60
-70
6.3V Capacitor
-80
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
DC Bias Voltage (VDC)
When selecting a ceramic capacitor to be used with the
internal voltage regulator, it is suggested to select a
high-voltage rating, so that the operating voltage is a
small percentage of the maximum rated capacitor voltage. For example, choose a ceramic capacitor rated at
16V for the 3.3V or 2.5V core voltage. Suggested
capacitors are shown in Table 2-1.
2.5
ICSP Pins
The PGC and PGD pins are used for In-Circuit Serial
Programming™ (ICSP™) and debugging purposes. It
is recommended to keep the trace length between the
ICSP connector and the ICSP pins on the device as
short as possible. If the ICSP connector is expected to
experience an ESD event, a series resistor is recommended, with the value in the range of a few tens of
ohms, not to exceed 100Ω.
Pull-up resistors, series diodes and capacitors on the
PGC and PGD pins are not recommended as they will
interfere with the programmer/debugger communications to the device. If such discrete components are an
application requirement, they should be removed from
the circuit during programming and debugging. Alternatively, refer to the AC/DC characteristics and timing
requirements information in the respective device
Flash programming specification for information on
capacitive loading limits, and pin input voltage high
(VIH) and input low (VIL) requirements.
For device emulation, ensure that the “Communication
Channel Select” (i.e., PGCx/PGDx pins), programmed
into the device, matches the physical connections for
the ICSP to the Microchip debugger/emulator tool.
For more information on available Microchip
development tools connection requirements, refer to
Section 27.0 “Development Support”.
DS39927C-page 20
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
2.6
External Oscillator Pins
FIGURE 2-5:
Many microcontrollers have options for at least two
oscillators: a high-frequency primary oscillator and a
low-frequency
secondary
oscillator
(refer to
Section 9.0 “Oscillator Configuration” for details).
The oscillator circuit should be placed on the same
side of the board as the device. Place the oscillator
circuit close to the respective oscillator pins with no
more than 0.5 inch (12 mm) between the circuit
components and the pins. The load capacitors should
be placed next to the oscillator itself, on the same side
of the board.
Use a grounded copper pour around the oscillator circuit to isolate it from surrounding circuits. The
grounded copper pour should be routed directly to the
MCU ground. Do not run any signal traces or power
traces inside the ground pour. Also, if using a two-sided
board, avoid any traces on the other side of the board
where the crystal is placed.
Single-Sided and In-Line Layouts:
Copper Pour
(tied to ground)
For additional information and design guidance on
oscillator circuits, please refer to these Microchip
Application Notes, available at the corporate web site
(www.microchip.com):
• AN826, “Crystal Oscillator Basics and Crystal
Selection for rfPIC™ and PICmicro® Devices”
• AN849, “Basic PICmicro® Oscillator Design”
• AN943, “Practical PICmicro® Oscillator Analysis
and Design”
• AN949, “Making Your Oscillator Work”
2.7
Unused I/Os
Primary Oscillator
Crystal
DEVICE PINS
Primary
Oscillator
OSC1
C1
`
OSC2
GND
C2
`
T1OSO
T1OS I
Timer1 Oscillator
Crystal
Layout suggestions are shown in Figure 2-5. In-line
packages may be handled with a single-sided layout
that completely encompasses the oscillator pins. With
fine-pitch packages, it is not always possible to completely surround the pins and components. A suitable
solution is to tie the broken guard sections to a mirrored
ground layer. In all cases, the guard trace(s) must be
returned to ground.
In planning the application’s routing and I/O assignments, ensure that adjacent port pins and other
signals, in close proximity to the oscillator, are benign
(i.e., free of high frequencies, short rise and fall times,
and other similar noise).
SUGGESTED PLACEMENT
OF THE OSCILLATOR
CIRCUIT
`
T1 Oscillator: C1
T1 Oscillator: C2
Fine-Pitch (Dual-Sided) Layouts:
Top Layer Copper Pour
(tied to ground)
Bottom Layer
Copper Pour
(tied to ground)
OSCO
C2
Oscillator
Crystal
GND
C1
OSCI
DEVICE PINS
Unused I/O pins should be configured as outputs and
driven to a logic low state. Alternatively, connect a 1 kΩ
to 10 kΩ resistor to VSS on unused pins and drive the
output to logic low.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 21
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 22
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
3.0
Note:
CPU
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on the
CPU, refer to the “PIC24F Family
Reference Manual”, Section 2. “CPU”
(DS39703).
The PIC24F CPU has a 16-bit (data) modified Harvard
architecture with an enhanced instruction set and a
24-bit instruction word with a variable length opcode
field. The Program Counter (PC) is 23 bits wide and
addresses up to 4M instructions of user program
memory space. A single-cycle instruction prefetch
mechanism is used to help maintain throughput and
provides predictable execution. All instructions execute
in a single cycle, with the exception of instructions that
change the program flow, the double-word move
(MOV.D) instruction and the table instructions.
Overhead-free program loop constructs are supported
using the REPEAT instructions, which are interruptible
at any point.
PIC24F devices have sixteen, 16-bit working registers
in the programmer’s model. Each of the working
registers can act as a data, address or address offset
register. The 16th working register (W15) operates as a
Software Stack Pointer (SSP) for interrupts and calls.
The upper 32 Kbytes of the data space memory map
can optionally be mapped into program space at any
16K word boundary of either program memory or data
EEPROM memory defined by the 8-bit Program Space
Visibility Page Address (PSVPAG) register. The
program to data space mapping feature lets any
instruction access program space as if it were data
space.
For most instructions, the core is capable of executing
a data (or program data) memory read, a working
register (data) read, a data memory write and a
program (instruction) memory read per instruction
cycle. As a result, three parameter instructions can be
supported, allowing trinary operations (that is,
A + B = C) to be executed in a single cycle.
A high-speed, 17-bit by 17-bit multiplier has been
included to significantly enhance the core arithmetic
capability and throughput. The multiplier supports
Signed, Unsigned and Mixed mode, 16-bit by 16-bit or
8-bit by 8-bit integer multiplication. All multiply
instructions execute in a single cycle.
The 16-bit ALU has been enhanced with integer divide
assist hardware that supports an iterative non-restoring
divide algorithm. It operates in conjunction with the
REPEAT instruction looping mechanism and a selection
of iterative divide instructions to support 32-bit (or
16-bit), divided by 16-bit integer signed and unsigned
division. All divide operations require 19 cycles to
complete but are interruptible at any cycle boundary.
The PIC24F has a vectored exception scheme with up
to eight sources of non-maskable traps and up to
118 interrupt sources. Each interrupt source can be
assigned to one of seven priority levels.
A block diagram of the CPU is illustrated in Figure 3-1.
3.1
Programmer’s Model
Figure 3-2 displays the programmer’s model for the
PIC24F. All registers in the programmer’s model are
memory mapped and can be manipulated directly by
instructions.
Table 3-1 provides a description of each register. All
registers associated with the programmer’s model are
memory mapped.
The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) has been
significantly enhanced beyond that of the PIC18, but
maintains an acceptable level of backward
compatibility. All PIC18 instructions and addressing
modes are supported, either directly, or through simple
macros. Many of the ISA enhancements have been
driven by compiler efficiency needs.
The core supports Inherent (no operand), Relative,
Literal, Memory Direct and three groups of addressing
modes. All modes support Register Direct and various
Register Indirect modes. Each group offers up to seven
addressing modes. Instructions are associated with
predefined addressing modes depending upon their
functional requirements.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 23
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 3-1:
PIC24F CPU CORE BLOCK DIAGRAM
PSV and Table
Data Access
Control Block
Data Bus
Interrupt
Controller
16
8
16
16
Data Latch
23
PCH
PCL
Program Counter
Loop
Stack
Control
Control
Logic
Logic
23
16
Data RAM
Address
Latch
23
16
RAGU
WAGU
Address Latch
Program Memory
Data EEPROM
EA MUX
Address Bus
Data Latch
ROM Latch
24
16
Instruction
Decode and
Control
Instruction Reg
Control Signals
to Various Blocks
Hardware
Multiplier
Divide
Support
Literal Data
16
16 x 16
W Register Array
16
16-Bit ALU
16
To Peripheral Modules
TABLE 3-1:
CPU CORE REGISTERS
Register(s) Name
W0 through W15
Description
Working Register Array
PC
23-Bit Program Counter
SR
ALU STATUS Register
SPLIM
Stack Pointer Limit Value Register
TBLPAG
Table Memory Page Address Register
PSVPAG
Program Space Visibility Page Address Register
RCOUNT
Repeat Loop Counter Register
CORCON
CPU Control Register
DS39927C-page 24
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 3-2:
PROGRAMMER’S MODEL
15
Divider Working Registers
0
W0 (WREG)
W1
W2
Multiplier Registers
W3
W4
W5
W6
W7
Working/Address
Registers
W8
W9
W10
W11
W12
W13
W14
Frame Pointer
W15
Stack Pointer
0
SPLIM
0
22
0
0
PC
7
0
TBLPAG
7
0
PSVPAG
15
0
RCOUNT
SRH
SRL
— — — — — — — DC
IPL
RA N OV Z C
2 1 0
15
15
Stack Pointer Limit
Value Register
Program Counter
Table Memory Page
Address Register
Program Space Visibility
Page Address Register
Repeat Loop Counter
Register
0
ALU STATUS Register (SR)
0
— — — — — — — — — — — — IPL3 PSV — —
CPU Control Register (CORCON)
Registers or bits shadowed for PUSH.S and POP.S instructions.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 25
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
3.2
CPU Control Registers
REGISTER 3-1:
SR: ALU STATUS REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HSC
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DC
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0, HSC(1)
R/W-0, HSC(1) R/W-0, HSC(1)
(2)
(2)
IPL2
IPL1
(2)
IPL0
R-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC R/W-0, HSC R/W-0, HSC R/W-0, HSC
RA
N
OV
Z
bit 7
C
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-9
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 8
DC: ALU Half Carry/Borrow bit
1 = A carry-out from the 4th low-order bit (for byte-sized data) or 8th low-order bit (for word-sized data)
of the result occurred
0 = No carry-out from the 4th or 8th low-order bit of the result has occurred
bit 7-5
IPL: CPU Interrupt Priority Level Status bits(1,2)
111 = CPU interrupt priority level is 7 (15); user interrupts disabled
110 = CPU interrupt priority level is 6 (14)
101 = CPU Interrupt priority level is 5 (13)
100 = CPU interrupt priority level is 4 (12)
011 = CPU interrupt priority level is 3 (11)
010 = CPU interrupt priority level is 2 (10)
001 = CPU interrupt priority level is 1 (9)
000 = CPU interrupt priority level is 0 (8)
bit 4
RA: REPEAT Loop Active bit
1 = REPEAT loop in progress
0 = REPEAT loop not in progress
bit 3
N: ALU Negative bit
1 = Result was negative
0 = Result was non-negative (zero or positive)
bit 2
OV: ALU Overflow bit
1 = Overflow occurred for signed (2’s complement) arithmetic in this arithmetic operation
0 = No overflow has occurred
bit 1
Z: ALU Zero bit
1 = An operation, which effects the Z bit, has set it at some time in the past
0 = The most recent operation, which effects the Z bit, has cleared it (i.e., a non-zero result)
bit 0
C: ALU Carry/Borrow bit
1 = A carry-out from the Most Significant bit (MSb) of the result occurred
0 = No carry-out from the Most Significant bit (MSb) of the result occurred
Note 1:
2:
The IPL Status bits are read-only when NSTDIS (INTCON1) = 1.
The IPL Status bits are concatenated with the IPL3 bit (CORCON) to form the CPU Interrupt Priority
Level (IPL). The value in parentheses indicates the IPL when IPL3 = 1.
DS39927C-page 26
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 3-2:
CORCON: CPU CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/C-0, HSC
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
IPL3(1)
PSV
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
IPL3: CPU Interrupt Priority Level Status bit(1)
1 = CPU interrupt priority level is greater than 7
0 = CPU interrupt priority level is 7 or less
bit 2
PSV: Program Space Visibility in Data Space Enable bit
1 = Program space is visible in data space
0 = Program space is not visible in data space
bit 1-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
3.3
x = Bit is unknown
User interrupts are disabled when IPL3 = 1.
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
The PIC24F ALU is 16 bits wide and is capable of
addition, subtraction, bit shifts and logic operations.
Unless otherwise mentioned, arithmetic operations are
2’s complement in nature. Depending on the operation,
the ALU may affect the values of the Carry (C), Zero
(Z), Negative (N), Overflow (OV) and Digit Carry (DC)
Status bits in the SR register. The C and DC Status bits
operate as Borrow and Digit Borrow bits, respectively,
for subtraction operations.
The ALU can perform 8-bit or 16-bit operations,
depending on the mode of the instruction that is used.
Data for the ALU operation can come from the W
register array, or data memory, depending on the
addressing mode of the instruction. Likewise, output
data from the ALU can be written to the W register array
or a data memory location.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
The PIC24F CPU incorporates hardware support for
both multiplication and division. This includes a
dedicated hardware multiplier and support hardware
division for 16-bit divisor.
3.3.1
MULTIPLIER
The ALU contains a high-speed, 17-bit x 17-bit
multiplier. It supports unsigned, signed or mixed sign
operation in several multiplication modes:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
16-bit x 16-bit signed
16-bit x 16-bit unsigned
16-bit signed x 5-bit (literal) unsigned
16-bit unsigned x 16-bit unsigned
16-bit unsigned x 5-bit (literal) unsigned
16-bit unsigned x 16-bit signed
8-bit unsigned x 8-bit unsigned
DS39927C-page 27
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
3.3.2
DIVIDER
3.3.3
The divide block supports 32-bit/16-bit and 16-bit/16-bit
signed and unsigned integer divide operations with the
following data sizes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
32-bit signed/16-bit signed divide
32-bit unsigned/16-bit unsigned divide
16-bit signed/16-bit signed divide
16-bit unsigned/16-bit unsigned divide
The quotient for all divide instructions ends up in W0
and the remainder in W1. Sixteen-bit signed and
unsigned DIV instructions can specify any W register
for both the 16-bit divisor (Wn), and any W register
(aligned) pair (W(m + 1):Wm) for the 32-bit dividend.
The divide algorithm takes one cycle per bit of divisor,
so both 32-bit/16-bit and 16-bit/16-bit instructions take
the same number of cycles to execute.
TABLE 3-2:
Instruction
MULTI-BIT SHIFT SUPPORT
The PIC24F ALU supports both single bit and
single-cycle, multi-bit arithmetic and logic shifts.
Multi-bit shifts are implemented using a shifter block,
capable of performing up to a 15-bit arithmetic right
shift, or up to a 15-bit left shift, in a single cycle. All
multi-bit shift instructions only support Register Direct
Addressing for both the operand source and result
destination.
A full summary of instructions that use the shift
operation is provided below in Table 3-2.
INSTRUCTIONS THAT USE THE SINGLE AND MULTI-BIT SHIFT OPERATION
Description
ASR
Arithmetic shift right source register by one or more bits.
SL
Shift left source register by one or more bits.
LSR
Logical shift right source register by one or more bits.
DS39927C-page 28
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.0
MEMORY ORGANIZATION
As with Harvard architecture devices, the PIC24F
microcontrollers feature separate program and data
memory space and busing. This architecture also
allows the direct access of program memory from the
data space during code execution.
4.1
Program Address Space
The user access to the program memory space is
restricted to the lower half of the address range
(000000h to 7FFFFFh). The exception is the use of
TBLRD/TBLWT operations, which use TBLPAG to
permit access to the Configuration bits and Device ID
sections of the configuration memory space.
Memory maps for the PIC24F16KA102 family of
devices are displayed in Figure 4-1.
The program address memory space of the PIC24F
devices is 4M instructions. The space is addressable by
a 24-bit value derived from either the 23-bit Program
Counter (PC) during program execution, or from a table
operation or data space remapping, as described in
Section 4.3 “Interfacing Program and Data Memory
Spaces”.
PROGRAM SPACE MEMORY MAP FOR PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY DEVICES
User Memory Space
FIGURE 4-1:
PIC24F08KA10X
PIC24F16KA10X
GOTO Instruction
Reset Address
Interrupt Vector Table
Reserved
Alternate Vector Table
GOTO Instruction
Reset Address
Interrupt Vector Table
Reserved
Alternate Vector Table
000000h
000002h
000004h
0000FEh
000100h
000104h
0001FEh
000200h
Flash
Program Memory
(2816 instructions)
User Flash
Program Memory
(5632 instructions)
Unimplemented
Read ‘0’
0015FEh
002BFE
Unimplemented
Read ‘0’
Configuration Memory Space
7FFE00h
Note:
Data EEPROM
Data EEPROM
Reserved
Reserved
Device Config Registers
Device Config Registers
Reserved
Reserved
DEVID (2)
DEVID (2)
7FFFFFh
800000h
F7FFFEh
F80000h
F80010h
F80012h
FEFFFEh
FF0000h
FFFFFFh
Memory areas are not displayed to scale.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 29
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.1.1
PROGRAM MEMORY
ORGANIZATION
4.1.3
In the PIC24F16KA102 family, the data EEPROM is
mapped to the top of the user program memory space,
starting at address, 7FFE00, and expanding up to
address, 7FFFFF.
The program memory space is organized in
word-addressable blocks. Although it is treated as
24 bits wide, it is more appropriate to think of each
address of the program memory as a lower and upper
word, with the upper byte of the upper word being
unimplemented. The lower word always has an even
address, while the upper word has an odd address
(Figure 4-2).
The data EEPROM is organized as 16-bit wide memory
and 256 words deep. This memory is accessed using
table read and write operations similar to the user code
memory.
4.1.4
Program memory addresses are always word-aligned
on the lower word, and addresses are incremented or
decremented by two during code execution. This
arrangement also provides compatibility with data
memory space addressing and makes it possible to
access data in the program memory space.
4.1.2
DEVICE CONFIGURATION WORDS
Table 4-1 provides the addresses of the device Configuration Words for the PIC24F16KA102 family. Their
location in the memory map is displayed in Figure 4-1.
Refer to Section 26.1 “Configuration Bits” for more
information on device Configuration Words.
HARD MEMORY VECTORS
TABLE 4-1:
All PIC24F devices reserve the addresses between
00000h and 000200h for hard coded program
execution vectors. A hardware Reset vector is provided
to redirect code execution from the default value of the
PC on device Reset to the actual start of code. A GOTO
instruction is programmed by the user at 000000h with
the actual address for the start of code at 000002h.
DEVICE CONFIGURATION
WORDS FOR PIC24F16KA102
FAMILY DEVICES
Configuration Word
PIC24F devices also have two Interrupt Vector
Tables, located from 000004h to 0000FFh, and
000104h to 0001FFh. These vector tables allow each
of the many device interrupt sources to be handled
by separate ISRs. Section 8.1 “Interrupt Vector
(IVT) Table” discusses the Interrupt Vector Tables in
more detail.
FIGURE 4-2:
DATA EEPROM
Configuration Word
Addresses
FBS
F80000
FGS
F80004
FOSCSEL
F80006
FOSC
F80008
FWDT
F8000A
FPOR
F8000C
FICD
F8000E
FDS
F80010
PROGRAM MEMORY ORGANIZATION
msw
Address
23
000001h
000003h
000005h
000007h
16
8
PC Address
(lsw Address)
0
000000h
000002h
000004h
000006h
00000000
00000000
00000000
00000000
Program Memory
‘Phantom’ Byte
(read as ‘0’)
DS39927C-page 30
least significant word
most significant word
Instruction Width
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.2
4.2.1
Data Address Space
DATA SPACE WIDTH
The data memory space is organized in
byte-addressable, 16-bit wide blocks. Data is aligned in
data memory and registers as 16-bit words, but all the
data space EAs resolve to bytes. The Least Significant
Bytes (LSBs) of each word have even addresses, while
the Most Significant Bytes (MSBs) have odd
addresses.
The PIC24F core has a separate, 16-bit wide data
memory space, addressable as a single linear range.
The data space is accessed using two Address
Generation Units (AGUs), one each for read and write
operations. The data space memory map is displayed
in Figure 4-3.
All Effective Addresses (EAs) in the data memory space
are 16 bits wide and point to bytes within the data space.
This gives a data space address range of 64 Kbytes or
32K words. The lower half of the data memory space
(that is, when EA = 0) is used for implemented
memory addresses, while the upper half (EA = 1) is
reserved for the Program Space Visibility (PSV) area
(see Section 4.3.3 “Reading Data From Program
Memory Using Program Space Visibility”).
PIC24F16KA102 family devices implement a total of
768 words of data memory. Should an EA point to a
location outside of this area, an all zero word or byte will
be returned.
FIGURE 4-3:
DATA SPACE MEMORY MAP FOR PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY DEVICES
MSB
Address
MSB
LSB
0001h
07FFh
0801h
Implemented
Data RAM
SFR Space
LSB
Address
0000h
07FEh
0800h
Data RAM
0DFFh
0DFEh
1FFF
1FFEh
SFR
Space
Near
Data Space
Unimplemented
Read as ‘0’
7FFFh
8001h
7FFFh
8000h
Program Space
Visibility Area
FFFFh
Note:
FFFEh
Data memory areas are not shown to scale.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 31
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.2.2
DATA MEMORY ORGANIZATION
AND ALIGNMENT
Although most instructions are capable of operating on
word or byte data sizes, it should be noted that some
instructions operate only on words.
To maintain backward compatibility with PIC® devices
and improve data space memory usage efficiency, the
PIC24F instruction set supports both word and byte
operations. As a consequence of byte accessibility, all
EA calculations are internally scaled to step through
word-aligned memory. For example, the core recognizes that Post-Modified Register Indirect Addressing
mode [Ws++] will result in a value of Ws + 1 for byte
operations and Ws + 2 for word operations.
4.2.3
NEAR DATA SPACE
The 8-Kbyte area between 0000h and 1FFFh is
referred to as the Near Data Space. Locations in this
space are directly addressable via a 13-bit absolute
address field within all memory direct instructions. The
remainder of the data space is addressable indirectly.
Additionally, the whole data space is addressable using
MOV instructions, which support Memory Direct
Addressing (MDA) with a 16-bit address field. For
PIC24F16KA102
family
devices,
the
entire
implemented data memory lies in Near Data Space
(NDS).
Data byte reads will read the complete word, which
contains the byte, using the LSB of any EA to
determine which byte to select. The selected byte is
placed onto the LSB of the data path. That is, the data
memory and the registers are organized as two
parallel, byte-wide entities with shared (word) address
decode, but separate write lines. Data byte writes only
write to the corresponding side of the array or register,
which matches the byte address.
4.2.4
SFR SPACE
The first 2 Kbytes of the Near Data Space, from 0000h
to 07FFh, are primarily occupied with Special Function
Registers (SFRs). These are used by the PIC24F core
and peripheral modules for controlling the operation of
the device.
All word accesses must be aligned to an even address.
Misaligned word data fetches are not supported, so
care must be taken when mixing byte and word
operations, or translating from 8-bit MCU code. If a misaligned read or write is attempted, an address error
trap will be generated. If the error occurred on a read,
the instruction underway is completed; if it occurred on
a write, the instruction will be executed, but the write
will not occur. In either case, a trap is then executed,
allowing the system and/or user to examine the
machine state prior to execution of the address Fault.
SFRs are distributed among the modules that they
control and are generally grouped together by that
module. Much of the SFR space contains unused
addresses; these are read as ‘0’. The SFR space,
where the SFRs are actually implemented, is provided
in Table 4-2. Each implemented area indicates a
32-byte region where at least one address is
implemented as an SFR. A complete listing of
implemented SFRs, including their addresses, is
provided in Table 4-3 through Table 4-23.
All byte loads into any W register are loaded into the
LSB; the MSB is not modified.
A Sign-Extend instruction (SE) is provided to allow the
users to translate 8-bit signed data to 16-bit signed
values. Alternatively, for 16-bit unsigned data, users
can clear the MSB of any W register by executing a
Zero-Extend (ZE) instruction on the appropriate
address.
TABLE 4-2:
IMPLEMENTED REGIONS OF SFR DATA SPACE
SFR Space Address
xx00
xx20
xx60
Core
000h
Timers
100h
200h
xx40
I2C™
300h
ICN
—
Capture
UART
A/D/CMTU
xx80
SPI
xxA0
xxC0
xxE0
Interrupts
Compare
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
I/O
—
400h
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
500h
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
600h
—
RTC/Comp
CRC
—
700h
—
—
System/DS/HLVD
NVM/PMD
—
—
—
—
—
Legend: — = No implemented SFRs in this block.
DS39927C-page 32
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 4-3:
CPU CORE REGISTERS MAP
Addr
WREG0
0000
Working Register 0
0000
WREG1
0002
Working Register 1
0000
WREG2
0004
Working Register 2
0000
WREG3
0006
Working Register 3
0000
WREG4
0008
Working Register 4
0000
WREG5
000A
Working Register 5
0000
WREG6
000C
Working Register 6
0000
WREG7
000E
Working Register 7
0000
WREG8
0010
Working Register 8
0000
WREG9
0012
Working Register 9
0000
WREG10
0014
Working Register 10
0000
WREG11
0016
Working Register 11
0000
WREG12
0018
Working Register 12
0000
WREG13
001A
Working Register 13
0000
WREG14
001C
Working Register 14
0000
WREG15
001E
Working Register 15
0800
SPLIM
0020
Stack Pointer Limit Value Register
xxxx
PCL
002E
Program Counter Low Byte Register
PCH
0030
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TBLPAG
0032
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
PSVPAG
0034
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RCOUNT
0036
SR
0042
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DC
IPL2
IPL1
IPL0
RA
N
OV
Z
C
0000
CORCON
0044
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
IPL3
PSV
—
—
0000
DISICNT
0052
—
—
Legend:
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
0000
Program Counter Register High Byte
0000
—
Table Memory Page Address Register
0000
—
Program Space Visibility Page Address Register
0000
REPEAT Loop Counter Register
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
All
Resets
xxxx
Disable Interrupts Counter Register
xxxx
DS39927C-page 33
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
File
Name
ICN REGISTER MAP
File
Addr
Name
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
CNEN1 0060
CN15IE(1)
CN14IE
CN13IE
CN12IE
CN11IE(1)
—
CN9IE
CN8IE
CN7IE(1)
—
CN27IE(1)
—
—
CN24IE(1)
CN23IE
CNPU1 0068 CN15PUE(1) CN14PUE CN13PUE CN12PUE CN11PUE(1)
—
CN9PUE
CN8PUE
CN27PUE(1)
—
—
CNEN2 0062
—
CN30IE
CNPU2 006A
—
CNPD1 0070
CN15PDE(1)
CNPD2 0072
—
Legend:
Note 1:
CN30PUE CN29PUE
—
CN14PDE CN13PDE CN12PDE
CN11PDE(1)
—
CN9PDE
CN30PDE CN29PDE
CN27PDE(1)
—
—
—
CN1IE
CN0IE
0000
—
CN16IE(1)
0000
CN0PUE
0000
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
CN6IE
CN5IE
CN4IE
CN3IE
CN2IE
CN22IE
CN21IE
—
—
—
CN5PUE CN4PUE CN3PUE CN2PUE CN1PUE
CN24PUE(1) CN23PUE CN22PUE CN21PUE
CN8PDE
All
Resets
Bit 4
CN7PUE(1) CN6PUE
CN7PDE(1)
Bit 0
Bit 5
CN6PDE
—
—
CN16PUE(1)
0000
CN0PDE
0000
—
CN16PDE(1)
0000
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
—
—
CN5PDE CN4PDE CN3PDE CN2PDE CN1PDE
CN24PDE(1) CN23PDE CN22PDE CN21PDE
—
—
—
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
These bits are not implemented in 20-pin devices.
TABLE 4-5:
File
Name
CN29IE
Bit 6
INTERRUPT CONTROLLER REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
INTCON1
0080
INTCON2
0082
IFS0
0084
NVMIF
IFS1
0086
U2TXIF
IFS3
008A
—
IFS4
008C
—
IEC0
0094
Bit 4
Bit 3
NSTDIS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
ALTIVT
DISI
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
AD1IF
U1TXIF
U1RXIF
SPI1IF
SPF1IF
T3IF
T2IF
—
—
U2RXIF
INT2IF
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RTCIF
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
CTMUIF
—
—
—
—
HLVDIF
—
—
—
—
CRCIF
NVMIE
—
AD1IE
U1TXIE
U1RXIE
SPI1IE
SPF1IE
T3IE
T2IE
—
—
—
T1IE
MATHERR ADDRERR
STKERR
OSCFAIL
—
0000
—
INT2EP
INT1EP
INT0EP
0000
—
T1IF
OC1IF
IC1IF
INT0IF
0000
INT1IF
CNIF
CMIF
MI2C1IF
SI2C1IF
0000
—
—
—
0000
U2ERIF
U1ERIF
—
0000
OC1IE
IC1IE
INT0IE
0000
—
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
IEC1
0096
U2TXIE
U2RXIE
INT2IE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
INT1IE
CNIE
CMIE
MI2C1IE
SI2C1IE
0000
IEC3
009A
—
RTCIE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0000
IEC4
009C
—
—
CTMUIE
—
—
—
—
HLVDIE
—
—
—
—
CRCIE
U2ERIE
U1ERIE
—
0000
IPC0
00A4
—
T1IP2
T1IP1
T1IP0
—
OC1IP2
OC1IP1
OC1IP0
—
IC1IP2
IC1IP1
IC1IP0
—
INT0IP2
INT0IP1
INT0IP0
4444
IPC1
00A6
—
T2IP2
T2IP1
T2IP0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
4444
IPC2
00A8
—
U1RXIP2 U1RXIP1 U1RXIP0
—
SPI1IP2
SPI1IP1
SPI1IP0
—
SPF1IP2
SPF1IP1
SPF1IP0
—
T3IP2
T3IP1
T3IP0
4444
IPC3
00AA
—
NVMIP2
NVMIP1
NVMIP0
—
—
—
—
—
AD1IP2
AD1IP1
AD1IP0
—
U1TXIP2
U1TXIP1
U1TXIP0
4044
IPC4
00AC
—
CNIP2
CNIP1
CNIP0
—
CMIP2
CMIP1
CMIP0
—
MI2C1P2
MI2C1P1
MI2C1P0
—
SI2C1P2
SI2C1P1
SI2C1P0
4444
IPC5
00AE
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
INT1IP2
INT1IP1
INT1IP0
0004
IPC7
00B2
—
U2TXIP2
U2TXIP1
U2TXIP0
—
—
INT2IP2
INT2IP1
INT2IP0
—
—
—
—
4440
IPC15
00C2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0400
IPC16
00C4
—
CRCIP2
CRCIP1
CRCIP0
—
—
U1ERIP2
U1ERIP1
U1ERIP0
—
—
—
—
4440
IPC18
00C8
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
HLVDIP2
HLVDIP1
HLVDIP0
0004
IPC19
00CA
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
CTMUIP2
CTMUIP1
CTMUIP0
—
—
—
—
CPUIRQ
—
VHOLD
—
ILR3
ILR2
ILR1
ILR0
—
VECNUM6 VECNUM5 VECNUM4 VECNUM3 VECNUM2 VECNUM1 VECNUM0
INTTREG 00E0
Legend:
U2RXIP2 U2RXIP1 U2RXIP0
RTCIP2
RTCIP1
RTCIP0
U2ERIP2 U2ERIP1 U2ERIP0
—
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
—
0040
0000
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
DS39927C-page 34
TABLE 4-4:
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 4-6:
File Name
Addr
TIMER REGISTER MAP
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
TMR1
0100
Timer1 Register
PR1
0102
Timer1 Period Register
T1CON
0104
TON
—
TSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
—
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
0000
FFFF
TGATE
TCKPS1
TCKPS0
—
TSYNC
TCS
—
0000
TMR2
0106
Timer2 Register
0000
TMR3HLD
0108
Timer3 Holding Register (for 32-bit timer operations only)
0000
TMR3
010A
Timer3 Register
0000
PR2
010C
Timer2 Period Register
FFFF
PR3
010E
Timer3 Period Register
T2CON
0110
TON
—
TSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
—
TGATE
TCKPS1
TCKPS0
T32
—
TCS
—
0000
0112
TON
—
TSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
—
TGATE
TCKPS1
TCKPS0
—
—
TCS
—
0000
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
T3CON
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
TABLE 4-7:
Addr
IC1BUF
0140
IC1CON
0142
Legend:
INPUT CAPTURE REGISTER MAP
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
—
—
ICSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
ICTMR
ICI1
ICI0
ICOV
ICBNE
ICM2
ICM1
ICM0
0000
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
Input Capture 1 Register
FFFF
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
TABLE 4-8:
OUTPUT COMPARE REGISTER MAP
File
Name
Addr
OC1RS
0180
Output Compare 1 Secondary Register
OC1R
0182
Output Compare 1 Register
OC1CON
0184
Legend:
Bit 15
—
Bit 14
—
Bit 13
OCSIDL
Bit 12
—
Bit 11
—
Bit 10
—
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
—
—
—
FFFF
FFFF
—
—
OCFLT
OCTSEL
OCM2
OCM1
OCM0
0000
DS39927C-page 35
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
File
Name
FFFF
File Name
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
I2C1RCV
0200
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
I2C1 Receive Register
0000
I2C1TRN
0202
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
I2C1 Transmit Register
00FF
I2C1BRG
0204
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
I2C1CON
0206
I2CEN
—
A10M
DISSLW
SMEN
GCEN
STREN
I2C1STAT
0208
ACKSTAT
TRSTAT
—
—
—
BCL
GCSTAT
ADD10
IWCOL
I2COV
I2C1ADD
020A
—
—
—
—
—
—
I2C1MSK
020C
—
—
—
—
—
—
Legend:
Addr
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
I2C1 Baud Rate Generator Register
0000
ACKDT
ACKEN
RCEN
PEN
RSEN
SEN
1000
D/A
P
S
R/W
RBF
TBF
0000
AMSK0
0000
Bit 0
All
Resets
I2C1 Address Register
AMSK9
AMSK8
AMSK7
AMSK6
0000
AMSK5
AMSK4
AMSK3
AMSK2
AMSK1
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
—
USIDL
IREN
RTSMD
—
UEN1
UEN0
WAKE
LPBACK
ABAUD
RXINV
BRGH
—
UTXBRK
UTXEN
UTXBF
TRMT
URXISEL1
URXISEL0
ADDEN
RIDLE
PERR
—
UART1 Transmit Register
0000
—
UART1 Receive Register
0000
0220
UARTEN
0222
UTXISEL1 UTXINV UTXISEL0
U1TXREG
0224
—
—
—
—
—
—
U1RXREG
0226
—
—
—
—
—
—
U1BRG
0228
U2MODE
0230
UARTEN
U2STA
0232
UTXISEL1 UTXINV UTXISEL0
U2TXREG
0234
—
—
—
U2RXREG
0236
—
—
—
U2BRG
0238
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
PDSEL1 PDSEL0 STSEL
FERR
OERR
URXDA
Baud Rate Generator Prescaler Register
—
USIDL
IREN
RTSMD
—
UEN1
UEN0
WAKE
LPBACK
—
UTXBRK
UTXEN
UTXBF
TRMT
URXISEL1
URXISEL0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0000
0110
0000
ABAUD
RXINV
BRGH
ADDEN
RIDLE
PERR
PDSEL1 PDSEL0 STSEL
FERR
OERR
URXDA
0000
0110
UART2 Transmit Register
0000
UART2 Receive Register
0000
Baud Rate Generator Prescaler
0000
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 4-11:
SPI REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
SPI1STAT
0240
SPIEN
—
SPISIDL
—
—
SPI1CON1
0242
—
—
—
DISSCK
DISSDO
MODE16
SMP
SPI1CON2
0244
FRMEN
SPIFSD
SPIFPOL
—
—
—
—
SPI1BUF
0248
Legend:
Bit 4
Bit 15
U1STA
File
Name
Bit 5
UART REGISTER MAP
U1MODE
Legend:
Bit 6
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in h.5adecimal.
TABLE 4-10:
File
Name
I2CSIDL SCLREL IPMIEN
Bit 7
All
Resets
Addr
Bit 8
SPIBEC2 SPIBEC1 SPIBEC0
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
SRMPT
SPIROV
SRXMPT
SISEL2
SISEL1
SISEL0
SPITBF
SPIRBF
0000
CKE
SSEN
CKP
MSTEN
SPRE2
SPRE1
SPRE0
PPRE1
PPRE0
0000
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
SPIFE
SPIBEN
0000
SPI1 Transmit/Receive Buffer
0000
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
DS39927C-page 36
I2C™ REGISTER MAP
TABLE 4-9:
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 4-12:
File
Name
PORTA REGISTER MAP
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
TRISA1
TRISA0
00DF
RA1(2)
RA0(2)
xxxx
LATA2(5)
LATA1
LATA0
xxxx
ODA2(5)
ODA1
ODA0
0000
All
Resets
Bit 5(1)
Bit 4
TRISA6
—
TRISA4
RA6
RA5
RA4(3)
RA3(5,6)
RA2(5)
—
LATA7(4)
LATA6
—
LATA4
LATA3(5,6)
—
ODA7(4)
ODA6
—
ODA4
ODA3(5,6)
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
TRISA
02C0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TRISA7(4)
PORTA
02C2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RA7(4)
LATA
02C4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
ODCA
02C6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Bit 3
Bit 2
TRISA3(5,6) TRISA2(5)
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
This bit is available only when MCLRE = 0.
A read of RA1 and RA0 results in ‘0’ when debug is active on the PGC2/PGD2 pin.
A read of RA4 results in ‘0’ when debug is active on the PGC3/PGD3 pin.
These bits are not implemented in 20-pin devices.
These bits are available only when the primary oscillator is disabled (POSCMD = 00); otherwise read as ‘0’.
These bits are available only when the primary oscillator is disabled or EC mode is selected (POSCMD = 00 or 11) and CLKO is disabled (OSCIOFNC = 0); otherwise read as ‘0’.
Legend:
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
TABLE 4-13:
PORTB REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
TRISB
02C8
TRISB15
TRISB14
TRISB13
TRISB12
RB15
RB14
RB13
RB12
RB11(3)
RB10(3)
PORTB 02CA
Bit 11
Bit 10
TRISB11(3) TRISB10(3)
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
TRISB9
TRISB8
TRISB7
RB9
RB8
RB7
RB6(3)
RB5(3)
TRISB6(3) TRISB5(3)
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
TRISB4
TRISB3(3)
TRISB2
TRISB1
TRISB0
FFFF
RB4(2)
RB3(3)
RB2
RB1(1)
RB0(1)
xxxx
LATB
02CC
LATB15
LATB14
LATB13
LATB12
LATB11(3)
LATB10(3)
LATB9
LATB8
LATB7
LATB6(3)
LATB5(3)
LATB4
LATB3(3)
LATB2
LATB1
LATB0
xxxx
ODCB
02CE
ODB15
ODB14
ODB13
ODB12
ODB11
ODB10
ODB9
ODB8
ODB7
ODB6
ODB5
ODB4
ODB3
ODB2
ODB1
ODB0
0000
Legend:
Note 1:
2:
3:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
A read of RB1 and RB0 results in ‘0’ when debug is active on the PGEC1/PGED1 pins.
A read of RB4 results in ‘0’ when debug is active on the PGEC3/PGED3 pins.
PORTB bits, 11, 10, 6, 5 and 3, are not implemented in 20-pin devices.
TABLE 4-14:
File
Name
PADCFG1
Legend:
PAD CONFIGURATION REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
02FC
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
SMBUSDEL OC1TRIS RTSECSEL1 RTSECSEL0
Bit 0
All Resets
—
0000
DS39927C-page 37
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
File
Name
A/D REGISTER MAP
File
Name
Addr
ADC1BUF0
0300
A/D Data Buffer 0
xxxx
ADC1BUF1
0302
A/D Data Buffer 1
xxxx
ADC1BUF2
0304
A/D Data Buffer 2
xxxx
ADC1BUF3
0306
A/D Data Buffer 3
xxxx
ADC1BUF4
0308
A/D Data Buffer 4
xxxx
ADC1BUF5
030A
A/D Data Buffer 5
xxxx
ADC1BUF6
030C
A/D Data Buffer 6
xxxx
ADC1BUF7
030E
A/D Data Buffer 7
xxxx
ADC1BUF8
0310
A/D Data Buffer 8
xxxx
ADC1BUF9
0312
A/D Data Buffer 9
xxxx
ADC1BUFA
0314
A/D Data Buffer 10
xxxx
ADC1BUFB
0316
A/D Data Buffer 11
xxxx
ADC1BUFC
0318
A/D Data Buffer 12
xxxx
ADC1BUFD
031A
A/D Data Buffer 13
xxxx
ADC1BUFE
031C
A/D Data Buffer 14
xxxx
ADC1BUFF
031E
A/D Data Buffer 15
AD1CON1
0320
ADON
—
ADSIDL
—
—
—
FORM1
FORM0
SSRC2
SSRC1
SSRC0
—
—
ASAM
SAMP
DONE
0000
AD1CON2
0322
VCFG2
VCFG1
VCFG0
OFFCAL
—
CSCNA
—
—
BUFS
—
SMPI3
SMPI2
SMPI1
SMPI0
BUFM
ALTS
0000
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All Resets
xxxx
AD1CON3
0324
ADRC
—
—
SAMC4
SAMC3
SAMC2
SAMC1
SAMC0
—
—
ADCS5
ADCS4
ADCS3
ADCS2
ADCS1
ADCS0
0000
AD1CHS
0328
CH0NB
—
—
—
CH0SB3
CH0SB2
CH0SB1
CH0SB0
CH0NA
—
—
CH0SA4
CH0SA3
CH0SA2
CH0SA1
CH0SA0
0000
AD1PCFG
032C
—
—
—
PCFG12
PCFG11
PCFG10
—
—
—
—
PCFG5
PCFG4
PCFG3
PCFG2
PCFG1
PCFG0
0000
AD1CSSL
0330
—
—
—
CSSL12
CSSL11
CSSL10
—
—
—
—
CSSL5
CSSL4
CSSL3
CSSL2
CSSL1
CSSL0
0000
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
TABLE 4-16:
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
File
Name
Addr
CTMU REGISTER MAP
Bit 15
CTMUCON 033C CTMUEN
CTMUICON 033E
Legend:
ITRIM5
Bit 14
—
ITRIM4
Bit 13
Bit 12
CTMUSIDL TGEN
ITRIM3
ITRIM2
Bit 11
EDGEN
ITRIM1
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
EDGSEQEN IDISSEN CTTRIG EDG2POL EDG2SEL1 EDG2SEL0 EDG1POL EDG1SEL1 EDG1SEL0 EDG2STAT EDG1STAT
ITRIM0
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
IRNG1
IRNG0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
All
Resets
0000
0000
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
DS39927C-page 38
TABLE 4-15:
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
TABLE 4-17:
File
Name
Addr
ALRMVAL
0620
ALCFGRPT
0622
RTCVAL
0624
RCFGCAL
0626
Legend:
REAL-TIME CLOCK AND CALENDAR REGISTER MAP
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
ALRMEN
CHIME
AMASK3
AMASK2
AMASK1
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
ARPT5
ARPT4
ARPT3
ARPT2
ARPT1
ARPT0
0000
CAL5
CAL4
CAL3
CAL2
CAL1
CAL0
0000
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
0000
Alarm Value Register Window Based on ALRMPTR
AMASK0 ALRMPTR1 ALRMPTR0 ARPT7
ARPT6
xxxx
RTCC Value Register Window Based on RTCPTR
RTCEN
—
RTCWREN RTCSYNC HALFSEC
RTCOE
RTCPTR1
RTCPTR0
CAL7
CAL6
All
Resets
Bit 5
xxxx
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
TABLE 4-18:
DUAL COMPARATOR REGISTER MAP
File
Name
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
CMSTAT
0630
CMSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
C2EVT
C1EVT
—
—
—
—
—
—
C2OUT
C1OUT
CVRCON
0632
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
CVREN
CVROE
CVRR
CVRSS
CVR3
CVR2
CVR1
CVR0
0000
CM1CON
0634
CON
COE
CPOL
CLPWR
—
—
CEVT
COUT
EVPOL1
EVPOL0
—
CREF
—
—
CCH1
CCH0
0000
0636
CON
COE
CPOL
CLPWR
—
—
CEVT
COUT
EVPOL1
EVPOL0
—
CREF
—
—
CCH1
CCH0
0000
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
—
CRCGO
PLEN3
PLEN2
PLEN1
PLEN0
0040
—
0000
CM2CON
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
File
Name
CRC REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
CRCCON
0640
—
—
CSIDL
CRCXOR
0642
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
VWORD4 VWORD3 VWORD2 VWORD1 VWORD0 CRCFUL CRCMPT
X
CRCDAT
0644
CRC Data Input Register
0000
CRCWDAT
0646
CRC Result Register
0000
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
DS39927C-page 39
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 4-19:
File Name
CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
RCON
0740
TRAPR
OSCCON
0742
—
COSC2
COSC1
Bit 12
Bit 11
—
—
DPSLP
—
COSC0
—
NOSC2
NOSC1
IOPUWR SBOREN
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
PMSLP
EXTR
SWR
SWDTEN
WDTO
SLEEP
IDLE
NOSC0
CLKLOCK
—
LOCK
—
CF
—
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
BOR
POR
(Note 1)
SOSCEN OSWEN (Note 2)
CLKDIV
0744
ROI
DOZE2
DOZE1
DOZE0
DOZEN
RCDIV2
RCDIV1
RCDIV0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
OSCTUN
0748
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TUN5
TUN4
TUN3
TUN2
TUN1
TUN0
0000
REFOCON
074E
ROEN
—
ROSSLP
ROSEL
RODIV3
RODIV2
RODIV1
RODIV0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0000
0756
HLVDEN
—
HLSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
VDIR
BGVST
IRVST
—
HLVDL3
HLVDL2
HLVDL1
HLVDL0
0000
HLVDCON
Legend:
Note 1:
2:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
RCON register Reset values are dependent on the type of Reset.
OSCCON register Reset values are dependent on configuration fuses and by type of Reset.
TABLE 4-21:
File Name
3140
DEEP SLEEP REGISTER MAP
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
DSCON
0758
DSEN
—
—
—
—
—
—
DSWAKE
075A
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DSGPR0
075C
Deep Sleep General Purpose Register 0
0000
DSGPR1
075E
Deep Sleep General Purpose Register 1
0000
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
Note 1:
The Deep Sleep registers are only reset on a VDD POR event.
TABLE 4-22:
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
—
—
—
—
—
DSINT0
DSFLT
—
—
DSWDT
All
Resets(1)
Addr
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
—
—
DSBOR
RELEASE
0000
—
DSPOR
0000
DSRTCC DSMCLR
NVM REGISTER MAP
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
File Name
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12
Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All
Resets
NVMCON
0760
WR
WREN
WRERR
PGMONLY
—
—
—
—
—
ERASE
NVMOP5
NVMOP4
NVMOP3
NVMOP2
NVMOP1
NVMOP0
0000(1)
0766
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
NVMKEY7
NVMKEY6
NVMKEY
NVMKEY5 NVMKEY4 NVMKEY3 NVMKEY2 NVMKEY1 NVMKEY0 0000
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
Note 1:
Reset value shown is for POR only. Value on other Reset states is dependent on the state of memory write or erase operations at the time of Reset.
TABLE 4-23:
File Name
PMD REGISTER MAP
Addr
Bit 15
Bit 14
Bit 13
Bit 12 Bit 11
Bit 10
Bit 9
Bit 8
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
Bit 0
All Resets
PMD1
0770
—
—
T3MD
T2MD T1MD
—
—
—
I2C1MD
U2MD
U1MD
—
SPI1MD
—
—
ADC1MD
0000
PMD2
0772
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
IC1MD
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
OC1MD
0000
PMD3
0774
—
—
—
—
—
CMPMD
RTCCMD
—
CRCPMD
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0000
PMD4
0776
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
EEMD
REFOMD
CTMUMD
HLVDMD
—
0000
Legend:
— = unimplemented, read as ‘0’. Reset values are shown in hexadecimal.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
DS39927C-page 40
TABLE 4-20:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.2.5
SOFTWARE STACK
4.3
In addition to its use as a working register, the W15
register in PIC24F devices is also used as a Software
Stack Pointer. The pointer always points to the first
available free word and grows from lower to higher
addresses. It pre-decrements for stack pops and
post-increments for stack pushes, as depicted in
Figure 4-4.
For a PC push during any CALL instruction, the MSB of
the PC is Zero-Extended before the push, ensuring that
the MSB is always clear.
Note:
A PC push during exception processing
will concatenate the SRL register to the
MSB of the PC prior to the push.
The Stack Pointer Limit Value (SPLIM) register,
associated with the Stack Pointer, sets an upper
address boundary for the stack. SPLIM is uninitialized
at Reset. As is the case for the Stack Pointer,
SPLIM is forced to ‘0’ as all stack operations must
be word-aligned. Whenever an EA is generated using
W15 as a source or destination pointer, the resulting
address is compared with the value in SPLIM. If the
contents of the Stack Pointer (W15) and the SPLIM
register are equal, and a push operation is performed,
a stack error trap will not occur. The stack error trap will
occur on a subsequent push operation.
Thus, for example, if it is desirable to cause a stack
error trap when the stack grows beyond address, 0DF6
in RAM, initialize the SPLIM with the value, 0DF4.
Similarly, a Stack Pointer underflow (stack error) trap is
generated when the Stack Pointer address is found to
be less than 0800h. This prevents the stack from
interfering with the Special Function Register (SFR)
space.
Note:
A write to the SPLIM register should not
be immediately followed by an indirect
read operation using W15.
FIGURE 4-4:
Stack Grows Towards
Higher Address
0000h
CALL STACK FRAME
15
0
PC
W15 (before CALL)
000000000 PC
W15 (after CALL)
POP : [--W15]
PUSH : [W15++]
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Interfacing Program and Data
Memory Spaces
The PIC24F architecture uses a 24-bit wide program
space and 16-bit wide data space. The architecture is
also a modified Harvard scheme, meaning that data
can also be present in the program space. To use this
data successfully, it must be accessed in a way that
preserves the alignment of information in both spaces.
Apart from the normal execution, the PIC24F
architecture provides two methods by which the
program space can be accessed during operation:
• Using table instructions to access individual bytes
or words anywhere in the program space
• Remapping a portion of the program space into
the data space, PSV
Table instructions allow an application to read or write
small areas of the program memory. This makes the
method ideal for accessing data tables that need to be
updated from time to time. It also allows access to all
bytes of the program word. The remapping method
allows an application to access a large block of data on
a read-only basis, which is ideal for look ups from a
large table of static data. It can only access the least
significant word (lsw) of the program word.
4.3.1
ADDRESSING PROGRAM SPACE
Since the address ranges for the data and program
spaces are 16 and 24 bits, respectively, a method is
needed to create a 23-bit or 24-bit program address
from 16-bit data registers. The solution depends on the
interface method to be used.
For table operations, the 8-bit Table Memory Page
Address register (TBLPAG) is used to define a 32K word
region within the program space. This is concatenated
with a 16-bit EA to arrive at a full 24-bit program space
address. In this format, the Most Significant bit (MSb) of
TBLPAG is used to determine if the operation occurs in
the user memory (TBLPAG = 0) or the configuration
memory (TBLPAG = 1).
For remapping operations, the 8-bit Program Space
Visibility Page Address register (PSVPAG) is used to
define a 16K word page in the program space. When
the MSb of the EA is ‘1’, PSVPAG is concatenated with
the lower 15 bits of the EA to form a 23-bit program
space address. Unlike the table operations, this limits
remapping operations strictly to the user memory area.
See Table 4-24 and Figure 4-5 to know how the
program EA is created for table operations and
remapping accesses from the data EA. Here, P
refers to a program space word, whereas D
refers to a data space word.
DS39927C-page 41
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 4-24:
PROGRAM SPACE ADDRESS CONSTRUCTION
Access
Space
Access Type
Program Space Address
Instruction Access
(Code Execution)
User
TBLRD/TBLWT
(Byte/Word Read/Write)
User
TBLPAG
Data EA
0xxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
Configuration
TBLPAG
Data EA
1xxx xxxx
xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
2:
0
0xx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxxx xxx0
Program Space Visibility
(Block Remap/Read)
Note 1:
PC
0
User
0
PSVPAG(2)
Data EA(1)
0
xxxx xxxx
xxx xxxx xxxx xxxx
Data EA is always ‘1’ in this case, but is not used in calculating the program space address. Bit 15 of
the address is PSVPAG.
PSVPAG can have only two values (‘00’ to access program memory and FF to access data EEPROM) on
the PIC24F16KA102 family.
FIGURE 4-5:
DATA ACCESS FROM PROGRAM SPACE ADDRESS GENERATION
Program Counter(1)
Program Counter
0
0
23 Bits
EA
Table Operations(2)
1/0
1/0
TBLPAG
8 Bits
16 Bits
24 Bits
Select
EA
1
Program Space Visibility(1)
(Remapping)
0
0
PSVPAG
8 Bits
15 Bits
23 Bits
User/Configuration
Byte Select
Space Select
Note 1:
The LSb of program space addresses is always fixed as ‘0’ in order to maintain word alignment of data in the
program and data spaces.
2:
Table operations are not required to be word-aligned. Table read operations are permitted in the configuration
memory space.
DS39927C-page 42
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.3.2
DATA ACCESS FROM PROGRAM
MEMORY AND DATA EEPROM
MEMORY USING TABLE
INSTRUCTIONS
The TBLRDL and TBLWTL instructions offer a direct
method of reading or writing the lower word of any
address within the program memory without going
through data space. It also offers a direct method of
reading or writing a word of any address within data
EEPROM memory. The TBLRDH and TBLWTH instructions are the only method to read or write the upper 8 bits
of a program space word as data.
Note: The TBLRDH and TBLWTH instructions are not
used while accessing data EEPROM memory.
The PC is incremented by 2 for each successive
24-bit program word. This allows program memory
addresses to directly map to data space addresses.
Program memory can thus be regarded as two 16-bit,
word-wide address spaces, residing side by side, each
with the same address range. TBLRDL and TBLWTL
access the space which contains the least significant
data word, and TBLRDH and TBLWTH access the space
which contains the upper data byte.
Two table instructions are provided to move byte or
word-sized (16-bit) data to and from program space.
Both function as either byte or word operations.
1.
In Byte mode, either the upper or lower byte of
the lower program word is mapped to the lower
byte of a data address. The upper byte is
selected when byte select is ‘1’; the lower byte
is selected when it is ‘0’.
2.
In Byte mode, it maps the upper or lower byte of
the program word to D of the data
address, as above. Note that the data will
always be ‘0’ when the upper ‘phantom’ byte is
selected (byte select = 1).
In a similar fashion, two table instructions, TBLWTH
and TBLWTL, are used to write individual bytes or
words to a program space address. The details of
their operation are explained in Section 5.0 “Flash
Program Memory”.
For all table operations, the area of program memory
space to be accessed is determined by the Table
Memory Page Address register (TBLPAG). TBLPAG
covers the entire program memory space of the
device, including user and configuration spaces. When
TBLPAG = 0, the table page is located in the user
memory space. When TBLPAG = 1, the page is
located in configuration space.
TBLRDL (Table Read Low): In Word mode, it
maps the lower word of the program space
location (P) to a data address (D).
FIGURE 4-6:
TBLRDH (Table Read High): In Word mode, it
maps the entire upper word of a program address
(P) to a data address. Note that
D, the ‘phantom’ byte, will always be ‘0’.
Note: Only table read operations will execute in the
configuration memory space, and only then, in
implemented areas, such as the Device ID.
Table write operations are not allowed.
ACCESSING PROGRAM MEMORY WITH TABLE INSTRUCTIONS
Program Space
Data EA
TBLPAG
23
00
23
15
0 000000h
16
8
0
00000000
00000000
00000000
002BFEh
00000000
‘Phantom’ Byte
TBLRDH.B (Wn = 0)
TBLRDL.B (Wn = 1)
TBLRDL.B (Wn = 0)
TBLRDL.W
800000h
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
The address for the table operation is determined by the data EA
within the page defined by the TBLPAG register. Only read
operations are provided; write operations are also valid in the
user memory area.
DS39927C-page 43
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
4.3.3
READING DATA FROM PROGRAM
MEMORY USING PROGRAM SPACE
VISIBILITY
The upper 32 Kbytes of data space may optionally be
mapped into an 8K word page (in PIC24F08KA1XX
devices) and a 16K word page (in PIC24F16KA1XX
devices) of the program space. This provides
transparent access of stored constant data from the
data space without the need to use special instructions
(i.e., TBLRDL/H).
Program space access through the data space occurs
if the MSb of the data space, EA, is ‘1’, and PSV is
enabled by setting the PSV bit in the CPU Control
(CORCON) register. The location of the program
memory space to be mapped into the data space is
determined by the Program Space Visibility Page
Address register (PSVPAG). This 8-bit register defines
any one of 256 possible pages of 16K words in program space. In effect, PSVPAG functions as the upper
8 bits of the program memory address, with the 15 bits
of the EA functioning as the lower bits.
By incrementing the PC by 2 for each program memory
word, the lower 15 bits of data space addresses directly
map to the lower 15 bits in the corresponding program
space addresses.
Data reads from this area add an additional cycle to the
instruction being executed, since two program memory
fetches are required.
FIGURE 4-7:
Although each data space address, 8000h and higher,
maps directly into a corresponding program memory
address (see Figure 4-7), only the lower 16 bits of the
24-bit program word are used to contain the data. The
upper 8 bits of any program space locations used as
data should be programmed with ‘1111 1111’ or ‘0000
0000’ to force a NOP. This prevents possible issues
should the area of code ever be accidentally executed.
PSV access is temporarily disabled during
table reads/writes.
Note:
For operations that use PSV and are executed outside
a REPEAT loop, the MOV and MOV.D instructions will
require one instruction cycle in addition to the specified
execution time. All other instructions will require two
instruction cycles in addition to the specified execution
time.
For operations that use PSV, which are executed inside
a REPEAT loop, there will be some instances that
require two instruction cycles in addition to the
specified execution time of the instruction:
• Execution in the first iteration
• Execution in the last iteration
• Execution prior to exiting the loop due to an
interrupt
• Execution upon re-entering the loop after an
interrupt is serviced
Any other iteration of the REPEAT loop will allow the
instruction accessing data, using PSV, to execute in a
single cycle.
PROGRAM SPACE VISIBILITY OPERATION
When CORCON = 1 and EA = 1:
Program Space
PSVPAG
00
23
15
Data Space
0
000000h
0000h
Data EA
002BFEh
The data in the page
designated by
PSVPAG is mapped
into the upper half of
the data memory
space....
8000h
PSV Area
...while the lower 15 bits
of the EA specify an exact
address within the PSV
FFFFh area. This corresponds
exactly to the same lower
15 bits of the actual
program space address.
800000h
DS39927C-page 44
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
5.0
Note:
FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information on Flash Programming, refer to the “PIC24F Family
Reference Manual”, Section 4. “Program
Memory” (DS39715).
The PIC24FJ64GA family of devices contains internal
Flash program memory for storing and executing application code. The memory is readable, writable and
erasable when operating with VDD over 1.8V.
Flash memory can be programmed in three ways:
• In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™)
• Run-Time Self-Programming (RTSP)
• Enhanced In-Circuit Serial Programming
(Enhanced ICSP)
ICSP allows a PIC24F16KA102 device to be serially
programmed while in the end application circuit. This is
simply done with two lines for the programming clock
and programming data (which are named PGCx and
PGDx, respectively), and three other lines for power
(VDD), ground (VSS) and Master Clear/Program Mode
Entry Voltage (MCLR/VPP). This allows customers to
manufacture boards with unprogrammed devices and
then program the microcontroller just before shipping
the product. This also allows the most recent firmware
or custom firmware to be programmed.
FIGURE 5-1:
Real-Time Self-Programming (RTSP) is accomplished
using TBLRD (table read) and TBLWT (table write)
instructions. With RTSP, the user may write program
memory data in blocks of 32 instructions (96 bytes) at a
time, and erase program memory in blocks of 32, 64 and
128 instructions (96,192 and 384 bytes) at a time.
The NVMOP (NVMCON) bits decide the
erase block size.
5.1
Table Instructions and Flash
Programming
Regardless of the method used, Flash memory
programming is done with the table read and write
instructions. These allow direct read and write access to
the program memory space from the data memory while
the device is in normal operating mode. The 24-bit target
address in the program memory is formed using the
TBLPAG bits and the Effective Address (EA) from
a W register, specified in the table instruction, as
depicted in Figure 5-1.
The TBLRDL and the TBLWTL instructions are used to
read or write to bits of program memory.
TBLRDL and TBLWTL can access program memory in
both Word and Byte modes.
The TBLRDH and TBLWTH instructions are used to read
or write to bits of program memory. TBLRDH
and TBLWTH can also access program memory in Word
or Byte mode.
ADDRESSING FOR TABLE REGISTERS
24 Bits
Using
Program
Counter
Program Counter
0
0
Working Reg EA
Using
Table
Instruction
User/Configuration
Space Select
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
1/0
TBLPAG Reg
8 Bits
16 Bits
24-Bit EA
Byte
Select
DS39927C-page 45
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
5.2
RTSP Operation
The PIC24F Flash program memory array is organized
into rows of 32 instructions or 96 bytes. RTSP allows
the user to erase blocks of 1 row, 2 rows and 4 rows
(32, 64 and 128 instructions) at a time and to program
one row at a time. It is also possible to program single
words.
The 1-row (96 bytes), 2-row (192 bytes) and 4-row
(384 bytes) erase blocks, and single row write block
(96 bytes) are edge-aligned, from the beginning of
program memory.
When data is written to program memory using TBLWT
instructions, the data is not written directly to memory.
Instead, data written using table writes is stored in holding
latches until the programming sequence is executed.
Any number of TBLWT instructions can be executed
and a write will be successfully performed. However,
32 TBLWT instructions are required to write the full row
of memory.
The basic sequence for RTSP programming is to set up
a Table Pointer, then do a series of TBLWT instructions to
load the buffers. Programming is performed by setting
the control bits in the NVMCON register.
Data can be loaded in any order and the holding
registers can be written to multiple times before
performing a write operation. Subsequent writes,
however, will wipe out any previous writes.
Note:
Writing to a location multiple times without
erasing it is not recommended.
All of the table write operations are single-word writes
(two instruction cycles), because only the buffers are
written. A programming cycle is required for
programming each row.
DS39927C-page 46
5.3
Enhanced In-Circuit Serial
Programming
Enhanced ICSP uses an on-board bootloader, known
as the program executive, to manage the programming
process. Using an SPI data frame format, the program
executive can erase, program and verify program
memory. For more information on Enhanced ICSP, see
the device programming specification.
5.4
Control Registers
There are two SFRs used to read and write the
program Flash memory: NVMCON and NVMKEY.
The NVMCON register (Register 5-1) controls the
blocks that need to be erased, which memory type is to
be programmed and when the programming cycle
starts.
NVMKEY is a write-only register that is used for write
protection. To start a programming or erase sequence,
the user must consecutively write 55h and AAh to the
NVMKEY register. Refer to Section 5.5 “Programming
Operations” for further details.
5.5
Programming Operations
A complete programming sequence is necessary for
programming or erasing the internal Flash in RTSP
mode. During a programming or erase operation, the
processor stalls (waits) until the operation is finished.
Setting the WR bit (NVMCON) starts the
operation and the WR bit is automatically cleared when
the operation is finished.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 5-1:
R/SO-0, HC
WR
NVMCON: FLASH MEMORY CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
WREN
R/W-0
R/W-0
WRERR
(4)
PGMONLY
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
bit 15
U-0
—
bit 8
R/W-0
ERASE
R/W-0
NVMOP5
R/W-0
(1)
R/W-0
(1)
R/W-0
(1)
NVMOP4
NVMOP3
NVMOP2
R/W-0
(1)
NVMOP1
R/W-0
(1)
NVMOP0(1)
bit 7
bit 0
SO = Settable Only bit
Legend:
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
R = Readable bit
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
W = Writable bit
bit 15
WR: Write Control bit
1 = Initiates a Flash memory program or erase operation. The operation is self-timed and the bit is
cleared by hardware once the operation is complete
0 = Program or erase operation is complete and inactive
bit 14
WREN: Write Enable bit
1 = Enable Flash program/erase operations
0 = Inhibit Flash program/erase operations
bit 13
WRERR: Write Sequence Error Flag bit
1 = An improper program or erase sequence attempt or termination has occurred (bit is set automatically
on any set attempt of the WR bit)
0 = The program or erase operation completed normally
bit 12
PGMONLY: Program Only Enable bit(4)
bit 11-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
ERASE: Erase/Program Enable bit
1 = Perform the erase operation specified by NVMOP on the next WR command
0 = Perform the program operation specified by NVMOP on the next WR command
bit 5-0
NVMOP: Programming Operation Command Byte bits(1)
Erase Operations (when ERASE bit is ‘1’):
1010xx = Erase entire boot block (including code-protected boot block)(2)
1001xx = Erase entire memory (including boot block, configuration block, general block)(2)
011010 = Erase 4 rows of Flash memory(3)
011001 = Erase 2 rows of Flash memory(3)
011000 = Erase 1 row of Flash memory(3)
0101xx = Erase entire configuration block (except code protection bits)
0100xx = Erase entire data EEPROM(4)
0011xx = Erase entire general memory block programming operations
0001xx = Write 1 row of Flash memory (when ERASE bit is ‘0’)(3)
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
All other combinations of NVMOP are no operation.
Available in ICSP™ mode only. Refer to device programming specification.
The address in the Table Pointer decides which rows will be erased.
This bit is used only while accessing data EEPROM.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 47
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
5.5.1
PROGRAMMING ALGORITHM FOR
FLASH PROGRAM MEMORY
4.
5.
The user can program one row of Flash program
memory at a time by erasing the programmable row.
The general process is:
1.
2.
3.
Read
a
row
of
program
memory
(32 instructions) and store in data RAM.
Update the program data in RAM with the
desired new data.
Erase a row (see Example 5-1):
a) Set the NVMOP bits (NVMCON) to
‘011000’ to configure for row erase. Set the
ERASE (NVMCON) and WREN
(NVMCON) bits.
b) Write the starting address of the block to be
erased into the TBLPAG and W registers.
c) Write 55h to NVMKEY.
d) Write AAh to NVMKEY.
e) Set the WR bit (NVMCON). The erase
cycle begins and the CPU stalls for the
duration of the erase cycle. When the erase is
done, the WR bit is cleared automatically.
EXAMPLE 5-1:
EXAMPLE 5-2:
For protection against accidental operations, the write
initiate sequence for NVMKEY must be used to allow
any erase or program operation to proceed. After the
programming command has been executed, the user
must wait for the programming time until programming
is complete. The two instructions following the start of
the programming sequence should be NOPs, as
displayed in Example 5-5.
ERASING A PROGRAM MEMORY ROW – ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE CODE
; Set up NVMCON for row erase operation
MOV
#0x4058, W0
MOV
W0, NVMCON
; Init pointer to row to be ERASED
MOV
#tblpage(PROG_ADDR), W0
MOV
W0, TBLPAG
MOV
#tbloffset(PROG_ADDR), W0
TBLWTL W0, [W0]
DISI
#5
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
BSET
NOP
NOP
Write the first 32 instructions from data RAM into
the program memory buffers (see Example 5-1).
Write the program block to Flash memory:
a) Set the NVMOP bits to ‘000100’ to
configure for row programming. Clear the
ERASE bit and set the WREN bit.
b) Write 55h to NVMKEY.
c) Write AAh to NVMKEY.
d) Set the WR bit. The programming cycle
begins and the CPU stalls for the duration
of the write cycle. When the write to Flash
memory is done, the WR bit is cleared
automatically.
#0x55, W0
W0, NVMKEY
#0xAA, W1
W1, NVMKEY
NVMCON, #WR
;
; Initialize NVMCON
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
Initialize PM Page Boundary SFR
Initialize in-page EA[15:0] pointer
Set base address of erase block
Block all interrupts
for next 5 instructions
Write the 55 key
Write the AA key
Start the erase sequence
Insert two NOPs after the erase
command is asserted
ERASING A PROGRAM MEMORY ROW – ‘C’ LANGUAGE CODE
// C example using MPLAB C30
int __attribute__ ((space(auto_psv))) progAddr = 0x1234;
// Variable located in Pgm Memory, declared as a
// global variable
unsigned int offset;
//Set up pointer to the first memory location to be written
TBLPAG = __builtin_tblpage(&progAddr);
offset = __builtin_tbloffset(&progAddr);
// Initialize PM Page Boundary SFR
// Initialize lower word of address
__builtin_tblwtl(offset, 0x0000);
// Set base address of erase block
// with dummy latch write
NVMCON = 0x4058;
// Initialize NVMCON
asm("DISI #5");
__builtin_write_NVM();
// Block all interrupts for next 5 instructions
// C30 function to perform unlock
// sequence and set WR
DS39927C-page 48
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
EXAMPLE 5-3:
LOADING THE WRITE BUFFERS – ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE CODE
; Set up NVMCON for row programming operations
MOV
#0x4004, W0
;
MOV
W0, NVMCON
; Initialize NVMCON
; Set up a pointer to the first program memory location to be written
; program memory selected, and writes enabled
MOV
#0x0000, W0
;
MOV
W0, TBLPAG
; Initialize PM Page Boundary SFR
MOV
#0x1500, W0
; An example program memory address
; Perform the TBLWT instructions to write the latches
; 0th_program_word
MOV
#LOW_WORD_0, W2
;
MOV
#HIGH_BYTE_0, W3
;
TBLWTL W2, [W0]
; Write PM low word into program latch
TBLWTH W3, [W0++]
; Write PM high byte into program latch
; 1st_program_word
MOV
#LOW_WORD_1, W2
;
MOV
#HIGH_BYTE_1, W3
;
TBLWTL W2, [W0]
; Write PM low word into program latch
TBLWTH W3, [W0++]
; Write PM high byte into program latch
; 2nd_program_word
MOV
#LOW_WORD_2, W2
;
MOV
#HIGH_BYTE_2, W3
;
; Write PM low word into program latch
TBLWTL W2, [W0]
; Write PM high byte into program latch
TBLWTH W3, [W0++]
•
•
•
; 32nd_program_word
MOV
#LOW_WORD_31, W2
;
MOV
#HIGH_BYTE_31, W3
;
; Write PM low word into program latch
TBLWTL W2, [W0]
; Write PM high byte into program latch
TBLWTH W3, [W0]
EXAMPLE 5-4:
LOADING THE WRITE BUFFERS – ‘C’ LANGUAGE CODE
// C example using MPLAB C30
#define NUM_INSTRUCTION_PER_ROW 64
int __attribute__ ((space(auto_psv))) progAddr = 0x1234
unsigned int offset;
unsigned int i;
unsigned int progData[2*NUM_INSTRUCTION_PER_ROW];
//Set up NVMCON for row programming
NVMCON = 0x4004;
// Variable located in Pgm Memory
// Buffer of data to write
// Initialize NVMCON
//Set up pointer to the first memory location to be written
TBLPAG = __builtin_tblpage(&progAddr);
// Initialize PM Page Boundary SFR
// Initialize lower word of address
offset = __builtin_tbloffset(&progAddr);
//Perform TBLWT instructions to write necessary number of latches
for(i=0; i < 2*NUM_INSTRUCTION_PER_ROW; i++)
{
__builtin_tblwtl(offset, progData[i++]);
// Write to address low word
__builtin_tblwth(offset, progData[i]);
// Write to upper byte
offset = offset + 2;
// Increment address
}
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 49
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
EXAMPLE 5-5:
INITIATING A PROGRAMMING SEQUENCE – ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE CODE
DISI
#5
; Block all interrupts
for next 5 instructions
MOV
MOV
MOV
MOV
BSET
NOP
NOP
BTSC
BRA
#0x55, W0
W0, NVMKEY
#0xAA, W1
W1, NVMKEY
NVMCON, #WR
NVMCON, #15
$-2
EXAMPLE 5-6:
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
Write the 55 key
Write the AA key
Start the erase sequence
2 NOPs required after setting WR
Wait for the sequence to be completed
INITIATING A PROGRAMMING SEQUENCE – ‘C’ LANGUAGE CODE
// C example using MPLAB C30
asm("DISI #5");
// Block all interrupts for next 5 instructions
__builtin_write_NVM();
// Perform unlock sequence and set WR
DS39927C-page 50
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
6.0
Note:
DATA EEPROM MEMORY
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on
Data EEPROM, refer to the “PIC24F
Family Reference Manual”, Section 5.
“Data EEPROM” (DS39720).
The data EEPROM memory is a Nonvolatile Memory
(NVM), separate from the program and volatile data
RAM. Data EEPROM memory is based on the same
Flash technology as program memory, and is optimized
for both long retention and a higher number of
erase/write cycles.
The data EEPROM is mapped to the top of the user
program memory space, with the top address at
program memory address, 7FFE00h to 7FFFFFh. The
size of the data EEPROM is 256 words in
PIC24F16KA102 devices.
The data EEPROM is organized as 16-bit wide
memory. Each word is directly addressable, and is
readable and writable during normal operation over the
entire VDD range.
Unlike the Flash program memory, normal program
execution is not stopped during a data EEPROM
program or erase operation.
The data EEPROM programming operations are
controlled using the three NVM Control registers:
• NVMCON: Nonvolatile Memory Control Register
• NVMKEY: Nonvolatile Memory Key Register
• NVMADR: Nonvolatile Memory Address Register
EXAMPLE 6-1:
6.1
NVMCON Register
The NVMCON register (Register 6-1) is also the primary control register for data EEPROM program/erase
operations. The upper byte contains the control bits
used to start the program or erase cycle, and the flag
bit to indicate if the operation was successfully
performed. The lower byte of NVMCOM configures the
type of NVM operation that will be performed.
6.2
NVMKEY Register
The NVMKEY is a write-only register that is used to
prevent accidental writes or erasures of data EEPROM
locations.
To start any programming or erase sequence, the
following instructions must be executed first, in the
exact order provided:
1.
2.
Write 55h to NVMKEY.
Write AAh to NVMKEY.
After this sequence, a write will be allowed to the
NVMCON register for one instruction cycle. In most
cases, the user will simply need to set the WR bit in the
NVMCON register to start the program or erase cycle.
Interrupts should be disabled during the unlock
sequence.
The MPLAB® C30 C compiler provides a defined library
procedure (builtin_write_NVM) to perform the
unlock sequence. Example 6-1 illustrates how the
unlock sequence can be performed with in-line
assembly.
DATA EEPROM UNLOCK SEQUENCE
//Disable Interrupts For 5 instructions
asm volatile ("disi #5");
//Issue Unlock Sequence
asm volatile ("mov #0x55, W0
\n"
"mov W0, NVMKEY
\n"
"mov #0xAA, W1
\n"
"mov W1, NVMKEY
\n");
// Perform Write/Erase operations
asm volatile ("bset NVMCON, #WR
\n"
"nop
\n"
"nop
\n");
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 51
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 6-1:
NVMCON: NONVOLATILE MEMORY CONTROL REGISTER
R/S-0, HC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
WR
WREN
WRERR
PGMONLY
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
ERASE
NVMOP5
NVMOP4
NVMOP3
NVMOP2
NVMOP1
NVMOP0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
S = Settable bit
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
WR: Write Control bit (program or erase)
1 = Initiates a data EEPROM erase or write cycle (can be set but not cleared in software)
0 = Write cycle is complete (cleared automatically by hardware)
bit 14
WREN: Write Enable bit (erase or program)
1 = Enable an erase or program operation
0 = No operation allowed (device clears this bit on completion of the write/erase operation)
bit 13
WRERR: Flash Error Flag bit
1 = A write operation is prematurely terminated (any MCLR or WDT Reset during programming
operation)
0 = The write operation completed successfully
bit 12
PGMONLY: Program Only Enable bit
1 = Write operation is executed without erasing target address(es) first
0 = Automatic erase-before-write: write operations are preceded automatically by an erase of target
address(es)
bit 11-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
ERASE: Erase Operation Select bit
1 = Perform an erase operation when WR is set
0 = Perform a write operation when WR is set
bit 5-0
NVMOP: Programming Operation Command Byte bits
Erase Operations (when ERASE bit is ‘1’):
011010 = Erase 8 words
011001 = Erase 4 words
011000 = Erase 1 word
0100xx = Erase entire data EEPROM
Programming Operations (when ERASE bit is ‘0’):
001xx = Write 1 word
DS39927C-page 52
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
6.3
NVM Address Register
As with Flash program memory, the NVM Address
Registers, NVMADRU and NVMADR, form the 24-bit
Effective Address (EA) of the selected row or word for
data EEPROM operations. The NVMADRU register is
used to hold the upper 8 bits of the EA, while the
NVMADR register is used to hold the lower 16 bits of
the EA. These registers are not mapped into the
Special Function Register (SFR) space; instead, they
directly capture the EA of the last table write
instruction that has been executed and selects the data
EEPROM row to erase. Figure 6-1 depicts the program
memory EA that is formed for programming and erase
operations.
FIGURE 6-1:
Like program memory operations, the Least Significant
bit (LSb) of NVMADR is restricted to even addresses.
This is because any given address in the data
EEPROM space consists of only the lower word of the
program memory width; the upper word, including the
uppermost “phantom byte”, are unavailable. This
means that the LSb of a data EEPROM address will
always be ‘0’.
Similarly, the Most Significant bit (MSb) of NVMADRU
is always ‘0’, since all addresses lie in the user program
space.
DATA EEPROM ADDRESSING WITH TBLPAG AND NVM ADDRESS REGISTERS
24-Bit PM Address
7Fh
xxxxh
TBLPAG
W Register EA
NVMADRU
NVMADR
0
6.4
Data EEPROM Operations
The EEPROM block is accessed using table read and
write operations, similar to those used for program
memory. The TBLWTH and TBLRDH instructions are not
required for data EEPROM operations, since the
memory is only 16 bits wide (data on the lower address
is valid only). The following programming operations
can be performed on the data EEPROM:
•
•
•
•
Erase one, four or eight words
Bulk erase the entire data EEPROM
Write one word
Read one word
0
Note 1: Unexpected results will be obtained
should the user attempt to read the
EEPROM while a programming or erase
operation is underway.
2: The C30 C compiler includes library
procedures to automatically perform the
table read and table write operations,
manage the Table Pointer and write
buffers, and unlock and initiate memory
write sequences. This eliminates the
need to create assembler macros or time
critical routines in C for each application.
The library procedures are used in the code examples
detailed in the following sections. General descriptions
of each process are provided for users who are not
using the C30 compiler libraries.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 53
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
6.4.1
ERASE DATA EEPROM
A typical erase sequence is provided in Example 6-2.
This example shows how to do a one-word erase. Similarly, a four-word erase and an eight-word erase can
be done. This example uses ‘C’ library procedures to
manage the Table Pointer (builtin_tblpage and
builtin_tbloffset) and the Erase Page Pointer
(builtin_tblwtl). The memory unlock sequence
(builtin_write_NVM) also sets the WR bit to initiate
the operation and returns control when complete.
The data EEPROM can be fully erased, or can be
partially erased, at three different sizes: one word, four
words or eight words. The bits, NVMOP
(NVMCON), decide the number of words to be
erased. To erase partially from the data EEPROM, the
following sequence must be followed:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Configure NVMCON to erase the required
number of words: one, four or eight.
Load TBLPAG and WREG with the EEPROM
address to be erased.
Clear NVMIF status bit and enable NVM
interrupt (optional).
Write the key sequence to NVMKEY.
Set the WR bit to begin erase cycle.
Either poll the WR bit or wait for the NVM
interrupt (NVMIF set).
EXAMPLE 6-2:
SINGLE-WORD ERASE
int __attribute__ ((space(eedata))) eeData = 0x1234; // Variable located in EEPROM
unsigned int offset;
// Set up NVMCON to erase one word of data EEPROM
NVMCON = 0x4058;
// Set up a pointer to the EEPROM location to be erased
TBLPAG = __builtin_tblpage(&eeData);
// Initialize EE Data page pointer
offset = __builtin_tbloffset(&eeData);
// Initizlize lower word of address
__builtin_tblwtl(offset, 0);
// Write EEPROM data to write latch
asm volatile ("disi #5");
__builtin_write_NVM();
DS39927C-page 54
// Disable Interrupts For 5 Instructions
// Issue Unlock Sequence & Start Write Cycle
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
6.4.1.1
Data EEPROM Bulk Erase
6.4.2
SINGLE-WORD WRITE
To erase the entire data EEPROM (bulk erase), the
address registers do not need to be configured
because this operation affects the entire data
EEPROM. The following sequence helps in performing
bulk erase:
To write a single word in the data EEPROM, the
following sequence must be followed:
1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Configure NVMCON to Bulk Erase mode.
Clear NVMIF status bit and enable NVM
interrupt (optional).
Write the key sequence to NVMKEY.
Set the WR bit to begin erase cycle.
Either poll the WR bit or wait for the NVM
interrupt (NVMIF is set).
A typical bulk erase sequence is provided in
Example 6-3.
1.
3.
Erase one data EEPROM word (as mentioned in
Section 6.4.1 “Erase Data EEPROM”) if the
PGMONLY bit (NVMCON) is set to ‘1’.
Write the data word into the data EEPROM
latch.
Program the data word into the EEPROM:
- Configure the NVMCON register to program one
EEPROM word (NVMCON = 0001xx).
- Clear NVMIF status bit and enable NVM
interrupt (optional).
- Write the key sequence to NVMKEY.
- Set the WR bit to begin erase cycle.
- Either poll the WR bit or wait for the NVM
interrupt (NVMIF is set).
- To get cleared, wait until NVMIF is set.
A typical single-word write sequence is provided in
Example 6-4.
EXAMPLE 6-3:
DATA EEPROM BULK ERASE
// Set up NVMCON to bulk erase the data EEPROM
NVMCON = 0x4050;
// Disable Interrupts For 5 Instructions
asm volatile ("disi #5");
// Issue Unlock Sequence and Start Erase Cycle
__builtin_write_NVM();
EXAMPLE 6-4:
SINGLE-WORD WRITE TO DATA EEPROM
int __attribute__ ((space(eedata))) eeData = 0x1234;
int newData;
unsigned int offset;
// Variable located in EEPROM,declared as a
global variable.
// New data to write to EEPROM
// Set up NVMCON to erase one word of data EEPROM
NVMCON = 0x4004;
// Set up a pointer to the EEPROM location to be erased
TBLPAG = __builtin_tblpage(&eeData);
// Initialize EE Data page pointer
offset = __builtin_tbloffset(&eeData);
// Initizlize lower word of address
__builtin_tblwtl(offset, newData);
// Write EEPROM data to write latch
asm volatile ("disi #5");
__builtin_write_NVM();
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
// Disable Interrupts For 5 Instructions
// Issue Unlock Sequence & Start Write Cycle
DS39927C-page 55
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
6.4.3
READING THE DATA EEPROM
To read a word from data EEPROM, the table read
instruction is used. Since the EEPROM array is only
16 bits wide, only the TBLRDL instruction is needed.
The read operation is performed by loading TBLPAG
and WREG with the address of the EEPROM location,
followed by a TBLRDL instruction.
EXAMPLE 6-5:
A typical read sequence, using the Table Pointer management (builtin_tblpage and builtin_tbloffset)
and table read (builtin_tblrdl) procedures from the
C30 compiler library, is provided in Example 6-5.
Program Space Visibility (PSV) can also be used to
read locations in the data EEPROM.
READING THE DATA EEPROM USING THE TBLRD COMMAND
int __attribute__ ((space(eedata))) eeData = 0x1234;
int data;
unsigned int offset;
// Set
TBLPAG
offset
data
// Variable located in EEPROM,declared
// as a global variable
// Data read from EEPROM
up a pointer to the EEPROM location to be erased
= __builtin_tblpage(&eeData);
// Initialize EE Data page pointer
= __builtin_tbloffset(&eeData);
// Initizlize lower word of address
= __builtin_tblrdl(offset);
// Write EEPROM data to write latch
DS39927C-page 56
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
7.0
RESETS
Note:
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on Resets, refer to the “PIC24F Family
Reference Manual”, Section 40. “Reset
with Programmable Brown-out Reset”
(DS39728).
The Reset module combines all Reset sources and
controls the device Master Reset Signal, SYSRST. The
following is a list of device Reset sources:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
POR: Power-on Reset
MCLR: Pin Reset
SWR: RESET Instruction
WDTR: Watchdog Timer Reset
BOR: Brown-out Reset
Low-Power BOR/Deep Sleep BOR
TRAPR: Trap Conflict Reset
IOPUWR: Illegal Opcode Reset
UWR: Uninitialized W Register Reset
Any active source of Reset will make the SYSRST
signal active. Many registers associated with the CPU
and peripherals are forced to a known Reset state.
Most registers are unaffected by a Reset; their status is
unknown on a Power-on Reset (POR) and unchanged
by all other Resets.
Note:
All types of device Reset will set a corresponding status
bit in the RCON register to indicate the type of Reset
(see Register 7-1). A POR will clear all bits except for
the BOR and POR bits (RCON) which are set.
The user may set or clear any bit at any time during
code execution. The RCON bits only serve as status
bits. Setting a particular Reset status bit in software will
not cause a device Reset to occur.
The RCON register also has other bits associated with
the Watchdog Timer (WDT) and device power-saving
states. The function of these bits is discussed in other
sections of this manual.
Note:
Figure 7-1 displays a simplified block diagram of the
Reset module.
FIGURE 7-1:
Refer to the specific peripheral or CPU
section of this manual for register Reset
states.
The status bits in the RCON register
should be cleared after they are read so
that the next RCON register value, after a
device Reset, will be meaningful.
RESET SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
RESET
Instruction
Glitch Filter
MCLR
WDT
Module
Sleep or Idle
BOREN
0
RCON
SLEEP
1
VDD Rise
Detect
POR
Brown-out
Reset
BOR
SYSRST
VDD
00
01
10
11
Trap Conflict
Illegal Opcode
Uninitialized W Register
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 57
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
RCON: RESET CONTROL REGISTER(1)
REGISTER 7-1:
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/C-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0
TRAPR
IOPUWR
SBOREN
—
—
DPSLP
CM
PMSLP
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-1, HS
R/W-1, HS
EXTR
SWR
SWDTEN(2)
WDTO
SLEEP
IDLE
BOR
POR
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
C = Clearable bit
HS = Hardware Settable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
TRAPR: Trap Reset Flag bit
1 = A Trap Conflict Reset has occurred
0 = A Trap Conflict Reset has not occurred
bit 14
IOPUWR: Illegal Opcode or Uninitialized W Access Reset Flag bit
1 = An illegal opcode detection, an illegal address mode or uninitialized W register used as an
Address Pointer caused a Reset
0 = An illegal opcode or uninitialized W Reset has not occurred
bit 13
SBOREN: Software Enable/Disable of BOR bit
1 = BOR is turned on in software
0 = BOR is turned off in software
bit 12-11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10
DPSLP: Deep Sleep Mode Flag bit
1 = Deep Sleep has occurred
0 = Deep Sleep has not occurred
bit 9
CM: Configuration Word Mismatch Reset Flag bit
1 = A Configuration Word Mismatch has occurred
0 = A Configuration Word Mismatch has not occurred
bit 8
PMSLP: Program Memory Power During Sleep bit
1 = Program memory bias voltage remains powered during Sleep
0 = Program memory bias voltage is powered down during Sleep
bit 7
EXTR: External Reset (MCLR) Pin bit
1 = A Master Clear (pin) Reset has occurred
0 = A Master Clear (pin) Reset has not occurred
bit 6
SWR: Software Reset (Instruction) Flag bit
1 = A RESET instruction has been executed
0 = A RESET instruction has not been executed
bit 5
SWDTEN: Software Enable/Disable of WDT bit(2)
1 = WDT is enabled
0 = WDT is disabled
bit 4
WDTO: Watchdog Timer Time-out Flag bit
1 = WDT time-out has occurred
0 = WDT time-out has not occurred
Note 1:
2:
All of the Reset status bits may be set or cleared in software. Setting one of these bits in software does not
cause a device Reset.
If the FWDTEN Configuration bit is ‘1’ (unprogrammed), the WDT is always enabled, regardless of the
SWDTEN bit setting.
DS39927C-page 58
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
RCON: RESET CONTROL REGISTER(1) (CONTINUED)
REGISTER 7-1:
bit 3
SLEEP: Wake-up from Sleep Flag bit
1 = Device has been in Sleep mode
0 = Device has not been in Sleep mode
bit 2
IDLE: Wake-up from Idle Flag bit
1 = Device has been in Idle mode
0 = Device has not been in Idle mode
bit 1
BOR: Brown-out Reset Flag bit
1 = A Brown-out Reset has occurred (the BOR is also set after a POR)
0 = A Brown-out Reset has not occurred
bit 0
POR: Power-on Reset Flag bit
1 = A Power-up Reset has occurred
0 = A Power-up Reset has not occurred
Note 1:
2:
All of the Reset status bits may be set or cleared in software. Setting one of these bits in software does not
cause a device Reset.
If the FWDTEN Configuration bit is ‘1’ (unprogrammed), the WDT is always enabled, regardless of the
SWDTEN bit setting.
TABLE 7-1:
RESET FLAG BIT OPERATION
Flag Bit
Setting Event
Clearing Event
TRAPR (RCON)
Trap Conflict Event
POR
IOPUWR (RCON)
Illegal Opcode or Uninitialized W Register Access
POR
CM (RCON)
Configuration Mismatch Reset
POR
EXTR (RCON)
MCLR Reset
POR
SWR (RCON)
RESET Instruction
POR
WDTO (RCON)
WDT Time-out
SLEEP (RCON)
PWRSAV #SLEEP Instruction
POR
IDLE (RCON)
PWRSAV #IDLE Instruction
POR
BOR (RCON)
POR, BOR
POR (RCON)
POR
DPSLP (RCON)
PWRSAV #SLEEP instruction with DSCON set
Note:
PWRSAV Instruction, POR
—
—
POR
All Reset flag bits may be set or cleared by the user software.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 59
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
7.1
Clock Source Selection at Reset
If clock switching is enabled, the system clock source at
device Reset is chosen, as shown in Table 7-2. If clock
switching is disabled, the system clock source is always
selected according to the oscillator Configuration bits.
Refer to Section 9.0 “Oscillator Configuration” for
further details.
TABLE 7-2:
OSCILLATOR SELECTION vs.
TYPE OF RESET (CLOCK
SWITCHING ENABLED)
Reset Type
POR
Clock Source Determinant
FNOSC Configuration bits
(FNOSC)
BOR
MCLR
7.2
Device Reset Times
The Reset times for various types of device Reset are
summarized in Table 7-3. Note that the system Reset
signal, SYSRST, is released after the POR and PWRT
delay times expire.
The time at which the device actually begins to execute
code will also depend on the system oscillator delays,
which include the Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) and
the PLL lock time. The OST and PLL lock times occur
in parallel with the applicable SYSRST delay times.
The FSCM delay determines the time at which the
FSCM begins to monitor the system clock source after
the SYSRST signal is released.
COSC Control bits
(OSCCON)
WDTO
SWR
TABLE 7-3:
RESET DELAY TIMES FOR VARIOUS DEVICE RESETS
Reset Type
POR(6)
BOR
Clock Source
System Clock
Delay
Notes
EC
TPOR + TPWRT
—
FRC, FRCDIV
TPOR + TPWRT
TFRC
1, 2, 3
LPRC
TPOR + TPWRT
TLPRC
1, 2, 3
ECPLL
TPOR + TPWRT
TLOCK
1, 2, 4
FRCPLL
TPOR + TPWRT
TFRC + TLOCK
XT, HS, SOSC
TPOR+ TPWRT
TOST
XTPLL, HSPLL
TPOR + TPWRT
TOST + TLOCK
TPWRT
—
EC
All Others
SYSRST Delay
1, 2
1, 2, 3, 4
1, 2, 5
1, 2, 4, 5
2
FRC, FRCDIV
TPWRT
TFRC
2, 3
LPRC
TPWRT
TLPRC
2, 3
2, 4
ECPLL
TPWRT
TLOCK
FRCPLL
TPWRT
TFRC + TLOCK
XT, HS, SOSC
TPWRT
TOST
XTPLL, HSPLL
TPWRT
TFRC + TLOCK
—
—
Any Clock
2, 3, 4
2, 5
2, 3, 4
None
TPOR = Power-on Reset (POR) delay.
TPWRT = 64 ms nominal if the Power-up Timer (PWRT) is enabled; otherwise, it is zero.
TFRC and TLPRC = RC oscillator start-up times.
TLOCK = PLL lock time.
TOST = Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST). A 10-bit counter waits 1024 oscillator periods before releasing the
oscillator clock to the system.
6: If Two-Speed Start-up is enabled, regardless of the primary oscillator selected, the device starts with FRC,
and in such cases, FRC start-up time is valid.
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
Note:
For detailed operating frequency and timing specifications, see Section 29.0 “Electrical Characteristics”.
DS39927C-page 60
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
7.2.1
POR AND LONG OSCILLATOR
START-UP TIMES
The oscillator start-up circuitry and its associated delay
timers are not linked to the device Reset delays that
occur at power-up. Some crystal circuits (especially
low-frequency crystals) will have a relatively long
start-up time. Therefore, one or more of the following
conditions is possible after SYSRST is released:
• The oscillator circuit has not begun to oscillate.
• The Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) has not
expired (if a crystal oscillator is used).
• The PLL has not achieved a lock (if PLL is used).
The device will not begin to execute code until a valid
clock source has been released to the system. Therefore, the oscillator and PLL start-up delays must be
considered when the Reset delay time must be known.
7.2.2
FAIL-SAFE CLOCK MONITOR
(FSCM) AND DEVICE RESETS
If the FSCM is enabled, it will begin to monitor the
system clock source when SYSRST is released. If a
valid clock source is not available at this time, the
device will automatically switch to the FRC oscillator
and the user can switch to the desired crystal oscillator
in the Trap Service Routine (TSR).
7.3
Special Function Register Reset
States
Most of the Special Function Registers (SFRs) associated with the PIC24F CPU and peripherals are reset to a
particular value at a device Reset. The SFRs are
grouped by their peripheral or CPU function and their
Reset values are specified in each section of this manual.
The Reset value for each SFR does not depend on the
type of Reset with the exception of four registers. The
Reset value for the Reset Control register, RCON, will
depend on the type of device Reset. The Reset value
for the Oscillator Control register, OSCCON, will
depend on the type of Reset and the programmed
values of the FNOSC bits in the Flash Configuration
Word (FOSCSEL); see Table 7-2. The RCFGCAL and
NVMCON registers are only affected by a POR.
7.4
Deep Sleep BOR (DSBOR)
7.5
Brown-out Reset (BOR)
The PIC24F16KA102 family devices implement a BOR
circuit, which provides the user several configuration
and power-saving options. The BOR is controlled by
the BORV and BOREN Configuration bits
(FPOR). There are a total of four BOR
configurations, which are provided in Table 7-3.
The BOR threshold is set by the BORV bits. If
BOR is enabled (any values of BOREN, except
‘00’), any drop of VDD below the set threshold point will
reset the device. The chip will remain in BOR until VDD
rises above threshold.
If the Power-up Timer is enabled, it will be invoked after
VDD rises above the threshold. Then, it will keep the chip
in Reset for an additional time delay, TPWRT, if VDD drops
below the threshold while the Power-up Timer is running.
The chip goes back into a BOR and the Power-up Timer
will be initialized. Once VDD rises above the threshold,
the Power-up Timer will execute the additional time
delay.
BOR and the Power-up Timer are independently
configured. Enabling the BOR Reset does not
automatically enable the PWRT.
7.5.1
SOFTWARE ENABLED BOR
When BOREN = 01, the BOR can be enabled or
disabled by the user in software. This is done with the
control bit, SBOREN (RCON). Setting SBOREN
enables the BOR to function as previously described.
Clearing the SBOREN disables the BOR entirely. The
SBOREN bit operates only in this mode; otherwise, it is
read as ‘0’.
Placing BOR under software control gives the user the
additional flexibility of tailoring the application to its
environment without having to reprogram the device to
change the BOR configuration. It also allows the user
to tailor the incremental current that the BOR consumes. While the BOR current is typically very small, it
may have some impact in low-power applications.
Note:
Even when the BOR is under software
control, the BOR Reset voltage level is still
set by the BORV Configuration bits;
it can not be changed in software.
Deep Sleep BOR is a very low-power BOR circuitry,
used when the device is in Deep Sleep mode. Due to
low-current consumption, accuracy may vary.
The DSBOR trip point is around 2.0V. DSBOR is
enabled by configuring DSBOREN (FDS) = 1.
DSBOREN will re-arm the POR to ensure the device will
reset if VDD drops below the POR threshold.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 61
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
7.5.2
DETECTING BOR
When BOR is enabled, the BOR bit (RCON) is
always reset to ‘1’ on any BOR or POR event. This
makes it difficult to determine if a BOR event has
occurred just by reading the state of BOR alone. A
more reliable method is to simultaneously check the
state of both POR and BOR. This assumes that the
POR and BOR bits are reset to ‘0’ in the software
immediately after any POR event. If the BOR bit is ‘1’
while the POR bit is ‘0’, it can be reliably assumed that
a BOR event has occurred.
Note:
Even when the device exits from Deep
Sleep mode, both the POR and BOR are
set.
DS39927C-page 62
7.5.3
DISABLING BOR IN SLEEP MODE
When BOREN = 10, BOR remains under hardware control and operates as previously described.
However, whenever the device enters Sleep mode,
BOR is automatically disabled. When the device
returns to any other operating mode, BOR is
automatically re-enabled.
This mode allows for applications to recover from
brown-out situations, while actively executing code,
when the device requires BOR protection the most. At
the same time, it saves additional power in Sleep mode
by eliminating the small incremental BOR current.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
8.0
Note:
INTERRUPT CONTROLLER
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on the Interrupt Controller, refer to the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 8. “Interrupts” (DS39707).
The PIC24F interrupt controller reduces the numerous
peripheral interrupt request signals to a single interrupt
request signal to the CPU. It has the following features:
• Up to eight processor exceptions and
software traps
• Seven user-selectable priority levels
• Interrupt Vector Table (IVT) with up to 118 vectors
• Unique vector for each interrupt or exception
source
• Fixed priority within a specified user priority level
• Alternate Interrupt Vector Table (AIVT) for debug
support
• Fixed interrupt entry and return latencies
8.1
Interrupt Vector (IVT) Table
The IVT is displayed in Figure 8-1. The IVT resides in
the program memory, starting at location, 000004h.
The IVT contains 126 vectors, consisting of eight
non-maskable trap vectors, plus, up to 118 sources of
interrupt. In general, each interrupt source has its own
vector. Each interrupt vector contains a 24-bit wide
address. The value programmed into each interrupt
vector location is the starting address of the associated
Interrupt Service Routine (ISR).
8.1.1
ALTERNATE INTERRUPT VECTOR
TABLE (AIVT)
The Alternate Interrupt Vector Table (AIVT) is located
after the IVT, as displayed in Figure 8-1. Access to the
AIVT is provided by the ALTIVT control bit
(INTCON2). If the ALTIVT bit is set, all interrupt
and exception processes will use the alternate vectors
instead of the default vectors. The alternate vectors are
organized in the same manner as the default vectors.
The AIVT supports emulation and debugging efforts by
providing a means to switch between an application
and a support environment without requiring the
interrupt vectors to be reprogrammed. This feature also
enables switching between applications for evaluation
of different software algorithms at run-time. If the AIVT
is not needed, the AIVT should be programmed with
the same addresses used in the IVT.
8.2
Reset Sequence
A device Reset is not a true exception because the
interrupt controller is not involved in the Reset process.
The PIC24F devices clear their registers in response to
a Reset, which forces the Program Counter (PC) to
zero. The microcontroller then begins program execution at location, 000000h. The user programs a GOTO
instruction at the Reset address, which redirects the
program execution to the appropriate start-up routine.
Note:
Any unimplemented or unused vector
locations in the IVT and AIVT should be
programmed with the address of a default
interrupt handler routine that contains a
RESET instruction.
Interrupt vectors are prioritized in terms of their natural
priority; this is linked to their position in the vector table.
All other things being equal, lower addresses have a
higher natural priority. For example, the interrupt
associated with Vector 0 will take priority over interrupts
at any other vector address.
PIC24F16KA102
family
devices
implement
non-maskable traps and unique interrupts; these are
summarized in Table 8-1 and Table 8-2.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 63
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
Decreasing Natural Order Priority
FIGURE 8-1:
Note 1:
DS39927C-page 64
PIC24F INTERRUPT VECTOR TABLE
Reset – GOTO Instruction
Reset – GOTO Address
Reserved
Oscillator Fail Trap Vector
Address Error Trap Vector
Stack Error Trap Vector
Math Error Trap Vector
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Interrupt Vector 0
Interrupt Vector 1
—
—
—
Interrupt Vector 52
Interrupt Vector 53
Interrupt Vector 54
—
—
—
Interrupt Vector 116
Interrupt Vector 117
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Oscillator Fail Trap Vector
Address Error Trap Vector
Stack Error Trap Vector
Math Error Trap Vector
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Interrupt Vector 0
Interrupt Vector 1
—
—
—
Interrupt Vector 52
Interrupt Vector 53
Interrupt Vector 54
—
—
—
Interrupt Vector 116
Interrupt Vector 117
Start of Code
000000h
000002h
000004h
000014h
00007Ch
00007Eh
000080h
Interrupt Vector Table (IVT)(1)
0000FCh
0000FEh
000100h
000102h
000114h
Alternate Interrupt Vector Table (AIVT)(1)
00017Ch
00017Eh
000180h
0001FEh
000200h
See Table 8-2 for the interrupt vector list.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 8-1:
TRAP VECTOR DETAILS
Vector Number
IVT Address
AIVT Address
Trap Source
0
000004h
000104h
1
000006h
000106h
Oscillator Failure
2
000008h
000108h
Address Error
Reserved
3
00000Ah
00010Ah
Stack Error
4
00000Ch
00010Ch
Math Error
5
00000Eh
00010Eh
Reserved
6
000010h
000110h
Reserved
7
000012h
000112h
Reserved
TABLE 8-2:
IMPLEMENTED INTERRUPT VECTORS
Interrupt Source
ADC1 Conversion Done
Vector
Number
IVT Address
13
00002Eh
Interrupt Bit Locations
AIVT
Address
Flag
Enable
Priority
00012Eh
IFS0
IEC0
IPC3
Comparator Event
18
000038h
000138h
IFS1
IEC1
IPC4
CRC Generator
67
00009Ah
00019Ah
IFS4
IEC4
IPC16
CTMU
77
0000AEh
0001AEh
IFS4
IEC4
IPC19
External Interrupt 0
0
000014h
000114h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC0
External Interrupt 1
20
00003Ch
00013Ch
IFS1
IEC1
IPC5
External Interrupt 2
29
00004Eh
00014Eh
IFS1
IEC1
IPC7
I2C1 Master Event
17
000036h
000136h
IFS1
IEC1
IPC4
I2C1 Slave Event
16
000034h
000134h
IFS1
IEC1
IPC4
Input Capture 1
1
000016h
000116h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC0
Input Change Notification
19
00003Ah
00013Ah
IFS1
IEC1
IPC4
HLVD High/Low-Voltage Detect
72
0000A4h
0001A4h
IFS4
IEC4
IPC17
NVM – NVM Write Complete
15
000032h
000132h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC3
Output Compare 1
2
000018h
000118h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC0
Real-Time Clock/Calendar
62
000090h
000190h
IFS3
IEC3
IPC15
SPI1 Error
9
000026h
000126h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC2
SPI1 Event
10
000028h
000128h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC2
Timer1
3
00001Ah
00011Ah
IFS0
IEC0
IPC0
Timer2
7
000022h
000122h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC1
Timer3
8
000024h
000124h
IFS0
IEC0
IPC2
UART1 Error
65
000096h
000196h
IFS4
IEC4
IPC16
IPC2
UART1 Receiver
11
00002Ah
00012Ah
IFS0
IEC0
UART1 Transmitter
12
00002Ch
00012Ch
IFS0
IEC0
IPC3
UART2 Error
66
000098h
000198h
IFS4
IEC4
IPC16
UART2 Receiver
30
000050h
000150h
IFS1
IEC1
IPC7
UART2 Transmitter
31
000052h
000152h
IFS1
IEC1
IPC7
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 65
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
8.3
Interrupt Control and Status
Registers
The PIC24F16KA102 family of devices implements a
total of 22 registers for the interrupt controller:
•
•
•
•
•
INTCON1
INTCON2
IFS0, IFS1, IFS3 and IFS4
IEC0, IEC1, IEC3 and IEC4
IPC0 through IPC5, IPC7 and IPC15 through
IPC19
• INTTREG
Global interrupt control functions are controlled from
INTCON1 and INTCON2. INTCON1 contains the
Interrupt Nesting Disable (NSTDIS) bit, as well as the
control and status flags for the processor trap sources.
The INTCON2 register controls the external interrupt
request signal behavior and the use of the AIV table.
The IFSx registers maintain all of the interrupt request
flags. Each source of interrupt has a status bit, which is
set by the respective peripherals, or external signal,
and is cleared via software.
The IECx registers maintain all of the interrupt enable
bits. These control bits are used to individually enable
interrupts from the peripherals or external signals.
The IPCx registers are used to set the interrupt priority
level for each source of interrupt. Each user interrupt
source can be assigned to one of eight priority levels.
DS39927C-page 66
The INTTREG register contains the associated interrupt vector number and the new CPU interrupt priority
level, which are latched into the Vector Number
(VECNUM) and the Interrupt Level (ILR) bit
fields in the INTTREG register. The new interrupt
priority level is the priority of the pending interrupt.
The interrupt sources are assigned to the IFSx, IECx
and IPCx registers in the same sequence listed in
Table 8-2. For example, the INT0 (External Interrupt 0)
is depicted as having a vector number and a natural
order priority of 0. Thus, the INT0IF status bit is found
in IFS0, the INT0IE enable bit in IEC0 and the
INT0IP priority bits in the first position of IPC0
(IPC0).
Although they are not specifically part of the interrupt
control hardware, two of the CPU control registers
contain bits that control interrupt functionality. The ALU
STATUS register (SR) contains the IPL bits
(SR). These indicate the current CPU interrupt
priority level. The user may change the current CPU
priority level by writing to the IPL bits.
The CORCON register contains the IPL3 bit, which
together with IPL, also indicates the current CPU
priority level. IPL3 is a read-only bit so that the trap
events cannot be masked by the user’s software.
All interrupt registers are described in Register 8-1
through Register 8-21, in the following sections.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-1:
SR: ALU STATUS REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R-0, HSC
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DC(1)
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0, HSC
IPL2
R/W-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC
IPL1(2,3)
IPL0(2,3)
RA(1)
N(1)
OV(1)
Z(1)
C(1)
(2,3)
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-9
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7-5
IPL: CPU Interrupt Priority Level Status bits(2,3)
111 = CPU interrupt priority level is 7 (15); user interrupts disabled
110 = CPU interrupt priority level is 6 (14)
101 = CPU interrupt priority level is 5 (13)
100 = CPU interrupt priority level is 4 (12)
011 = CPU interrupt priority level is 3 (11)
010 = CPU interrupt priority level is 2 (10)
001 = CPU interrupt priority level is 1 (9)
000 = CPU interrupt priority level is 0 (8)
Note 1:
2:
3:
Note:
x = Bit is unknown
See Register 3-1 for the description of these bits, which are not dedicated to interrupt control functions.
The IPL bits are concatenated with the IPL3 bit (CORCON) to form the CPU interrupt priority level.
The value in parentheses indicates the interrupt priority level if IPL3 = 1.
The IPL Status bits are read-only when NSTDIS (INTCON1) = 1.
Bit 8 and Bits 4 through 0 are described in Section 3.0 “CPU”.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 67
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-2:
CORCON: CPU CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/C-0, HSC
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
IPL3(2)
PSV(1)
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
C = Clearable bit
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
IPL3: CPU Interrupt Priority Level Status bit(2)
1 = CPU interrupt priority level is greater than 7
0 = CPU interrupt priority level is 7 or less
bit 1-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
2:
Note:
x = Bit is unknown
See Register 3-2 for the description of this bit, which is not dedicated to interrupt control functions.
The IPL3 bit is concatenated with the IPL bits (SR) to form the CPU interrupt priority level.
Bit 2 is described in Section 3.0 “CPU”.
DS39927C-page 68
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-3:
INTCON1: INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER 1
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
NSTDIS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
U-0
—
—
—
MATHERR
ADDRERR
STKERR
OSCFAIL
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HS = Hardware Settable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
NSTDIS: Interrupt Nesting Disable bit
1 = Interrupt nesting is disabled
0 = Interrupt nesting is enabled
bit 14-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
MATHERR: Arithmetic Error Trap Status bit
1 = Overflow trap has occurred
0 = Overflow trap has not occurred
bit 3
ADDRERR: Address Error Trap Status bit
1 = Address error trap has occurred
0 = Address error trap has not occurred
bit 2
STKERR: Stack Error Trap Status bit
1 = Stack error trap has occurred
0 = Stack error trap has not occurred
bit 1
OSCFAIL: Oscillator Failure Trap Status bit
1 = Oscillator failure trap has occurred
0 = Oscillator failure trap has not occurred
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 69
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-4:
INTCON2: INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER2
R/W-0
R-0, HSC
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
ALTIVT
DISI
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
INT2EP
INT1EP
INT0EP
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
ALTIVT: Enable Alternate Interrupt Vector Table bit
1 = Use Alternate Interrupt Vector Table
0 = Use standard (default) vector table
bit 14
DISI: DISI Instruction Status bit
1 = DISI instruction is active
0 = DISI instruction is not active
bit 13-3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2
INT2EP: External Interrupt 2 Edge Detect Polarity Select bit
1 = Interrupt on negative edge
0 = Interrupt on positive edge
bit 1
INT1EP: External Interrupt 1 Edge Detect Polarity Select bit
1 = Interrupt on negative edge
0 = Interrupt on positive edge
bit 0
INT0EP: External Interrupt 0 Edge Detect Polarity Select bit
1 = Interrupt on negative edge
0 = Interrupt on positive edge
DS39927C-page 70
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-5:
IFS0: INTERRUPT FLAG STATUS REGISTER 0
R/W-0, HS
NVMIF
bit 15
U-0
—
R/W-0, HS
AD1IF
R/W-0, HS
U1TXIF
R/W-0, HS
U1RXIF
R/W-0, HS
SPI1IF
R/W-0, HS
SPF1IF
R/W-0, HS
T3IF
bit 8
R/W-0, HS
T2IF
bit 7
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0, HS
T1IF
R/W-0, HS
OC1IF
R/W-0, HS
IC1IF
R/W-0, HS
INT0IF
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15
bit 14
bit 13
bit 12
bit 11
bit 10
bit 9
bit 8
bit 7
bit 6-4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
HS = Hardware Settable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
NVMIF: NVM Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
AD1IF: A/D Conversion Complete Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
U1TXIF: UART1 Transmitter Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
U1RXIF: UART1 Receiver Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
SPI1IF: SPI1 Event Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
SPF1IF: SPI1 Fault Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
T3IF: Timer3 Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
T2IF: Timer2 Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
T1IF: Timer1 Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
OC1IF: Output Compare Channel 1 Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
IC1IF: Input Capture Channel 1 Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
INT0IF: External Interrupt 0 Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 71
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-6:
IFS1: INTERRUPT FLAG STATUS REGISTER 1
R/W-0, HS
U2TXIF
bit 15
R/W-0, HS
U2RXIF
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0, HS
INT2IF
U-0
—
U-0
—
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 14
bit 13
bit 12-5
bit 4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
U-0
—
U-0
—
bit 8
U-0
—
R/W-0, HS
INT1IF
R/W-0, HS
CNIF
bit 7
bit 15
U-0
—
R/W-0, HS
CMIF
R/W-0
MI2C1IF
R/W-0
SI2C1IF
bit 0
HS = Hardware Settable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
U2TXIF: UART2 Transmitter Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
U2RXIF: UART2 Receiver Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
INT2IF: External Interrupt 2 Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
INT1IF: External Interrupt 1 Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
CNIF: Input Change Notification Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
CMIF: Comparator Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
MI2C1IF: Master I2C1 Event Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
SI2C1IF: Slave I2C1 Event Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
DS39927C-page 72
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-7:
IFS3: INTERRUPT FLAG STATUS REGISTER 3
U-0
R/W-0, HS
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
RTCIF
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HS = Hardware Settable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14
RTCIF: Real-Time Clock and Calendar Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
bit 13-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 73
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-8:
IFS4: INTERRUPT FLAG STATUS REGISTER 4
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HS
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HS
—
—
CTMUIF
—
—
—
—
HLVDIF
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
U-0
—
—
—
—
CRCIF
U2ERIF
U1ERIF
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HS = Hardware Settable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
CTMUIF: CTMU Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
bit 12-9
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 8
HLVDIF: High/Low-Voltage Detect Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
bit 7-4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
CRCIF: CRC Generator Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
bit 2
U2ERIF: UART2 Error Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
bit 1
U1ERIF: UART1 Error Interrupt Flag Status bit
1 = Interrupt request has occurred
0 = Interrupt request has not occurred
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 74
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-9:
IEC0: INTERRUPT ENABLE CONTROL REGISTER 0
R/W-0
NVMIE
bit 15
U-0
—
R/W-0
AD1IE
R/W-0
U1TXIE
R/W-0
U1RXIE
R/W-0
SPI1IE
R/W-0
SPF1IE
R/W-0
T3IE
bit 8
R/W-0
T2IE
bit 7
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
T1IE
R/W-0
OC1IE
R/W-0
IC1IE
R/W-0
INT0IE
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15
bit 14
bit 13
bit 12
bit 11
bit 10
bit 9
bit 8
bit 7
bit 6-4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
NVMIE: NVM Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
AD1IE: A/D Conversion Complete Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
U1TXIE: UART1 Transmitter Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
U1RXIE: UART1 Receiver Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
SPI1IE: SPI1 Transfer Complete Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
SPF1IE: SPI1 Fault Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
T3IE: Timer3 Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
T2IE: Timer2 Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request not is enabled
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
T1IE: Timer1 Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
OC1IE: Output Compare Channel 1 Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
IC1IE: Input Capture Channel 1 Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
INT0IE: External Interrupt 0 Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 75
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-10:
R/W-0
U2TXIE
bit 15
IEC1: INTERRUPT ENABLE CONTROL REGISTER 1
R/W-0
U2RXIE
R/W-0
INT2IE
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
INT1IE
R/W-0
CNIE
bit 7
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 14
bit 13
bit 12-5
bit 4
bit 3
bit 2
bit 1
bit 0
U-0
—
U-0
—
bit 8
U-0
—
bit 15
U-0
—
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
R/W-0
CMIE
R/W-0
MI2C1IE
R/W-0
SI2C1IE
bit 0
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
U2TXIE: UART2 Transmitter Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
U2RXIE: UART2 Receiver Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
INT2IE: External Interrupt 2 Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
INT1IE: External Interrupt 1 Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
CNIE: Input Change Notification Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
CMIE: Comparator Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
MI2C1IE: Master I2C1 Event Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
SI2C1IE: Slave I2C1 Event Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
DS39927C-page 76
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-11:
IEC3: INTERRUPT ENABLE CONTROL REGISTER 3
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
RTCIE
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14
RTCIE: Real-Time Clock and Calendar Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
bit 13-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 77
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-12:
IEC4: INTERRUPT ENABLE CONTROL REGISTER 4
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
—
—
CTMUIE
—
—
—
—
HLVDIE
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
CRCIE
U2ERIE
U1ERIE
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
CTMUIE: CTMU Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
bit 12-9
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 8
HLVDIE: High/Low-Voltage Detect Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
bit 7-4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
CRCIE: CRC Generator Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
bit 2
U2ERIE: UART2 Error Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
bit 1
U1ERIE: UART1 Error Interrupt Enable bit
1 = Interrupt request is enabled
0 = Interrupt request is not enabled
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 78
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-13:
IPC0: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
T1IP2
T1IP1
T1IP0
—
OC1IP2
OC1IP1
OC1IP0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
IC1IP2
IC1IP1
IC1IP0
—
INT0IP2
INT0IP1
INT0IP0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
T1IP: Timer1 Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
OC1IP: Output Compare Channel 1 Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
IC1IP: Input Capture Channel 1 Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
INT0IP: External Interrupt 0 Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 79
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-14:
IPC1: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 1
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
T2IP2
T2IP1
T2IP0
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
T2IP: Timer2 Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 80
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-15:
IPC2: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 2
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
U1RXIP2
U1RXIP1
U1RXIP0
—
SPI1IP2
SPI1IP1
SPI1IP0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
SPF1IP2
SPF1IP1
SPF1IP0
—
T3IP2
T3IP1
T3IP0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
U1RXIP: UART1 Receiver Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
SPI1IP: SPI1 Event Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
SPF1IP: SPI1 Fault Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
T3IP: Timer3 Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 81
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-16:
IPC3: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 3
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
NVMIP2
NVMIP1
NVMIP0
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
AD1IP2
AD1IP1
AD1IP0
—
U1TXIP2
U1TXIP1
U1TXIP0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
NVMIP: NVM Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
AD1IP: A/D Conversion Complete Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
U1TXIP: UART1 Transmitter Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
DS39927C-page 82
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-17:
IPC4: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 4
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
CNIP2
CNIP1
CNIP0
—
CMIP2
CMIP1
CMIP0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
MI2C1P2
MI2C1P1
MI2C1P0
—
SI2C1P2
SI2C1P1
SI2C1P0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
CNIP: Input Change Notification Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
CMIP: Comparator Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
MI2C1P: Master I2C1 Event Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
SI2C1P: Slave I2C1 Event Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 83
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-18:
IPC5: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 5
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
INT1IP2
INT1IP1
INT1IP0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
INT1IP: External Interrupt 1 Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
DS39927C-page 84
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-19:
IPC7: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 7
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
U2TXIP2
U2TXIP1
U2TXIP0
—
U2RXIP2
U2RXIP1
U2RXIP0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
INT2IP2
INT2IP1
INT2IP0
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
U2TXIP: UART2 Transmitter Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
U2RXIP: UART2 Receiver Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
INT2IP: External Interrupt 2 Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 85
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-20:
IPC15: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 15
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
RTCIP2
RTCIP1
RTCIP0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
RTCIP: Real-Time Clock and Calendar Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 7-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 86
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-21:
IPC16: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 16
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
CRCIP2
CRCIP1
CRCIP0
—
U2ERIP2
U2ERIP1
U2ERIP0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
U1ERIP2
U1ERIP1
U1ERIP0
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
CRCIP: CRC Generator Error Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
U2ERIP: UART2 Error Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
U1ERIP: UART1 Error Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 87
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-22:
IPC18: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 18
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
HLVDIP2
HLVDIP1
HLVDIP0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
HLVDIP: High/Low-Voltage Detect Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
REGISTER 8-23:
x = Bit is unknown
IPC19: INTERRUPT PRIORITY CONTROL REGISTER 19
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
CTMUIP2
CTMUIP1
CTMUIP0
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
CTMUIP: CTMU Interrupt Priority bits
111 = Interrupt is Priority 7 (highest priority interrupt)
•
•
•
001 = Interrupt is Priority 1
000 = Interrupt source is disabled
bit 3-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 88
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 8-24:
INTTREG: INTERRUPT CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTER
R-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
CPUIRQ
—
VHOLD
—
ILR3
ILR2
ILR1
ILR0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
—
VECNUM6
VECNUM5
VECNUM4
VECNUM3
VECNUM2
VECNUM1
VECNUM0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
CPUIRQ: Interrupt Request from Interrupt Controller CPU bit
1 = An interrupt request has occurred but has not yet been Acknowledged by the CPU (this will
happen when the CPU priority is higher than the interrupt priority)
0 = No interrupt request is left unacknowledged
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
VHOLD: Allows Vector Number Capture and Changes what Interrupt is Stored in VECNUM bit
1 = VECNUM will contain the value of the highest priority pending interrupt, instead of the current
interrupt
0 = VECNUM will contain the value of the last Acknowledged interrupt (last interrupt that has occurred
with higher priority than the CPU, even if other interrupts are pending)
bit 12
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 11-8
ILR: New CPU Interrupt Priority Level bits
1111 = CPU Interrupt Priority Level is 15
•
•
•
0001 = CPU Interrupt Priority Level is 1
0000 = CPU Interrupt Priority Level is 0
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-0
VECNUM: Vector Number of Pending Interrupt bits
0111111 = Interrupt Vector pending is Number 135
•
•
•
0000001 = Interrupt Vector pending is Number 9
0000000 = Interrupt Vector pending is Number 8
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 89
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
8.4
Interrupt Setup Procedures
8.4.1
INITIALIZATION
To configure an interrupt source:
1.
2.
Set the NSTDIS Control bit (INTCON1) if
nested interrupts are not desired.
Select the user-assigned priority level for the
interrupt source by writing the control bits in the
appropriate IPCx register. The priority level will
depend on the specific application and type of
interrupt source. If multiple priority levels are not
desired, the IPCx register control bits, for all
enabled interrupt sources, may be programmed
to the same non-zero value.
Note:
3.
4.
At a device Reset, the IPCx registers are
initialized, such that all user interrupt
sources are assigned to Priority Level 4.
Clear the interrupt flag status bit associated with
the peripheral in the associated IFSx register.
Enable the interrupt source by setting the
interrupt enable control bit associated with the
source in the appropriate IECx register.
8.4.2
8.4.3
TRAP SERVICE ROUTINE (TSR)
A Trap Service Routine (TSR) is coded like an ISR,
except that the appropriate trap status flag in the
INTCON1 register must be cleared to avoid re-entry
into the TSR.
8.4.4
INTERRUPT DISABLE
All user interrupts can be disabled using the following
procedure:
1.
2.
Push the current SR value onto the software
stack using the PUSH instruction.
Force the CPU to Priority Level 7 by inclusive
ORing the value OEh with SRL.
To enable user interrupts, the POP instruction may be
used to restore the previous SR value.
Only user interrupts with a priority level of 7 or less can
be disabled. Trap sources (Levels 8-15) cannot be
disabled.
The DISI instruction provides a convenient way to
disable interrupts of Priority Levels 1-6 for a fixed
period. Level 7 interrupt sources are not disabled by
the DISI instruction.
INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINE
The method that is used to declare an ISR and initialize
the IVT with the correct vector address depends on the
programming language (i.e., C or assembler) and the
language development toolsuite that is used to develop
the application. In general, the user must clear the
interrupt flag in the appropriate IFSx register for the
source of the interrupt that the ISR handles. Otherwise,
the ISR will be re-entered immediately after exiting the
routine. If the ISR is coded in assembly language, it
must be terminated using a RETFIE instruction to
unstack the saved PC value, SRL value and old CPU
priority level.
DS39927C-page 90
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
9.0
• Software-controllable switching between various
clock sources.
• Software-controllable postscaler for selective
clocking of CPU for system power savings.
• System frequency range declaration bits for EC
mode. When using an external clock source, the
current consumption is reduced by setting the
declaration bits to the expected frequency range.
• A Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) that detects clock
failure and permits safe application recovery or
shutdown.
OSCILLATOR
CONFIGURATION
Note:
This data sheet summarizes the features of this group of PIC24F devices. It
is not intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on Oscillator Configuration, refer to the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 38. “Oscillator with 500 kHz
Low-Power FRC” (DS39726).
Figure 9-1 provides a simplified diagram of the oscillator
system.
The oscillator system for the PIC24F16KA102 family of
devices has the following features:
• A total of five external and internal oscillator options
as clock sources, providing 11 different clock
modes.
• On-chip 4x Phase Locked Loop (PLL) to boost
internal operating frequency on select internal and
external oscillator sources.
FIGURE 9-1:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY CLOCK DIAGRAM
Primary Oscillator
REFOCON
XT, HS, EC
OSCO
OSCI
4 x PLL
8 MHz
4 MHz
Postscaler
8 MHz
FRC
Oscillator
500 kHz
LPFRC
Oscillator
Reference Clock
Generator
XTPLL, HSPLL
ECPLL,FRCPLL
REFO
FRCDIV
Peripherals
CLKDIV
FRC
CLKO
LPRC
Postscaler
LPRC
Oscillator
31 kHz (nominal)
Secondary Oscillator
SOSCO
CPU
SOSC
SOSCEN
Enable
Oscillator
SOSCI
CLKDIV
Clock Control Logic
Fail-Safe
Clock
Monitor
WDT, PWRT, DSWDT
Clock Source Option
for Other Modules
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 91
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
9.1
CPU Clocking Scheme
9.2
The system clock source can be provided by one of
four sources:
• Primary Oscillator (POSC) on the OSCI and OSCO
pins
• Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) on the SOSCI and
SOSCO pins
The PIC24F16KA102 family devices consist of two
types of secondary oscillator:
- High-Power Secondary Oscillator
- Low-Power Secondary Oscillator
These can be selected by using the SOSCSEL
(FOSC) bit.
• Fast Internal RC (FRC) Oscillator
- 8 MHz FRC Oscillator
- 500 kHz Lower Power FRC Oscillator
• Low-Power Internal RC (LPRC) Oscillator
The primary oscillator and 8 MHz FRC sources have
the option of using the internal 4x PLL. The frequency
of the FRC clock source can optionally be reduced by
the programmable clock divider. The selected clock
source generates the processor and peripheral clock
sources.
The processor clock source is divided by two to produce
the internal instruction cycle clock, FCY. In this document, the instruction cycle clock is also denoted by
FOSC/2. The internal instruction cycle clock, FOSC/2, can
be provided on the OSCO I/O pin for some operating
modes of the primary oscillator.
TABLE 9-1:
Initial Configuration on POR
The oscillator source (and operating mode) that is used
at a device Power-on Reset (POR) event is selected
using Configuration bit settings. The Oscillator
Configuration bit settings are located in the Configuration
registers in the program memory (refer to Section 26.1
“Configuration Bits” for further details). The Primary
Oscillator
Configuration
bits,
POSCMD
(FOSC), and the Initial Oscillator Select Configuration bits, FNOSC (FOSCSEL), select the
oscillator source that is used at a POR. The FRC Primary
Oscillator with Postscaler (FRCDIV) is the default (unprogrammed) selection. The secondary oscillator, or one of
the internal oscillators, may be chosen by programming
these bit locations. The EC mode frequency range
Configuration bits, POSCFREQ (FOSC),
optimize power consumption when running in EC
mode. The default configuration is “frequency range is
greater than 8 MHz”.
The Configuration bits allow users to choose between
the various clock modes, shown in Table 9-1.
9.2.1
CLOCK SWITCHING MODE
CONFIGURATION BITS
The FCKSM Configuration bits (FOSC) are used
jointly to configure device clock switching and the
FSCM. Clock switching is enabled only when FCKSM1
is programmed (‘0’). The FSCM is enabled only when
FCKSM are both programmed (‘00’).
CONFIGURATION BIT VALUES FOR CLOCK SELECTION
Oscillator Mode
Oscillator Source
POSCMD
FNOSC
Note
8 MHz FRC Oscillator with Postscaler
(FRCDIV)
Internal
11
111
1, 2
500 MHz FRC Oscillator with Postscaler
(LPFRCDIV)
Internal
11
110
1
Low-Power RC Oscillator (LPRC)
Internal
11
101
1
1
Secondary (Timer1) Oscillator (SOSC)
Secondary
00
100
Primary Oscillator (HS) with PLL Module
(HSPLL)
Primary
10
011
Primary Oscillator (EC) with PLL Module
(ECPLL)
Primary
00
011
Primary Oscillator (HS)
Primary
10
010
Primary Oscillator (XT)
Primary
01
010
Primary Oscillator (EC)
Primary
00
010
8 MHz FRC Oscillator with PLL Module
(FRCPLL)
Internal
11
001
1
8 MHz FRC Oscillator (FRC)
Internal
11
000
1
Note 1:
2:
OSCO pin function is determined by the OSCIOFNC Configuration bit.
This is the default oscillator mode for an unprogrammed (erased) device.
DS39927C-page 92
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
9.3
Control Registers
The operation of the oscillator is controlled by three
Special Function Registers (SFRs):
• OSCCON
• CLKDIV
• OSCTUN
The OSCCON register (Register 9-1) is the main control register for the oscillator. It controls clock source
switching and allows the monitoring of clock sources.
REGISTER 9-1:
The Clock Divider register (Register 9-2) controls the
features associated with Doze mode, as well as the
postscaler for the FRC oscillator.
The FRC Oscillator Tune register (Register 9-3) allows
the user to fine tune the FRC oscillator over a range of
approximately ±5.25%. Each bit increment or decrement changes the factory calibrated frequency of the
FRC oscillator by a fixed amount.
OSCCON: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
U-0
R/W-x(1)
R/W-x(1)
R/W-x(1)
—
COSC2
COSC1
COSC0
—
NOSC2
NOSC1
NOSC0
bit 15
bit 8
R/SO-0, HSC
U-0
R-0, HSC(2)
U-0
R/CO-0, HS
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
CLKLOCK
—
LOCK
—
CF
—
SOSCEN
OSWEN
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
CO = Clearable Only bit
SO = Settable Only bit
HS = Hardware Settable bit
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
COSC: Current Oscillator Selection bits
111 = 8 MHz Fast RC Oscillator with Postscaler (FRCDIV)
110 = 500 kHz Low-Power Fast RC Oscillator (FRC) with Postscaler (LPFRCDIV)
101 = Low-Power RC Oscillator (LPRC)
100 = Secondary Oscillator (SOSC)
011 = Primary Oscillator with PLL module (XTPLL, HSPLL, ECPLL)
010 = Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)
001 = 8 MHz FRC Oscillator with Postscaler and PLL module (FRCPLL)
000 = 8 MHz FRC Oscillator (FRC)
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
NOSC: New Oscillator Selection bits(1)
111 = 8 MHz Fast RC Oscillator with Postscaler (FRCDIV)
110 = 500 kHz Low-Power Fast RC Oscillator (FRC) with Postscaler (LPFRCDIV)
101 = Low-Power RC Oscillator (LPRC)
100 = Secondary Oscillator (SOSC)
011 = Primary Oscillator with PLL module (XTPLL, HSPLL, ECPLL)
010 = Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)
001 = 8 MHz FRC Oscillator with Postscaler and PLL module (FRCPLL)
000 = 8 MHz FRC Oscillator (FRC)
Note 1:
2:
Reset values for these bits are determined by the FNOSC Configuration bits.
Also resets to ‘0’ during any valid clock switch or whenever a non-PLL Clock mode is selected.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 93
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 9-1:
OSCCON: OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 7
CLKLOCK: Clock Selection Lock Enabled bit
If FSCM is enabled (FCKSM1 = 1):
1 = Clock and PLL selections are locked
0 = Clock and PLL selections are not locked and may be modified by setting the OSWEN bit
If FSCM is disabled (FCKSM1 = 0):
Clock and PLL selections are never locked and may be modified by setting the OSWEN bit.
bit 6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5
LOCK: PLL Lock Status bit(2)
1 = PLL module is in lock or PLL module start-up timer is satisfied
0 = PLL module is out of lock, PLL start-up timer is running or PLL is disabled
bit 4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
CF: Clock Fail Detect bit
1 = FSCM has detected a clock failure
0 = No clock failure has been detected
bit 2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
SOSCEN: 32 kHz Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) Enable bit
1 = Enable secondary oscillator
0 = Disable secondary oscillator
bit 0
OSWEN: Oscillator Switch Enable bit
1 = Initiate an oscillator switch to clock source specified by NOSC bits
0 = Oscillator switch is complete
Note 1:
2:
Reset values for these bits are determined by the FNOSC Configuration bits.
Also resets to ‘0’ during any valid clock switch or whenever a non-PLL Clock mode is selected.
DS39927C-page 94
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 9-2:
CLKDIV: CLOCK DIVIDER REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-1
ROI
DOZE2
DOZE1
DOZE0
DOZEN(1)
RCDIV2
RCDIV1
RCDIV0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
ROI: Recover on Interrupt bit
1 = Interrupts clear the DOZEN bit and reset the CPU and peripheral clock ratio to 1:1
0 = Interrupts have no effect on the DOZEN bit
bit 14-12
DOZE: CPU and Peripheral Clock Ratio Select bits
111 = 1:128
110 = 1:64
101 = 1:32
100 = 1:16
011 = 1:8
010 = 1:4
001 = 1:2
000 = 1:1
bit 11
DOZEN: DOZE Enable bit(1)
1 = DOZE bits specify the CPU and peripheral clock ratio
0 = CPU and peripheral clock ratio are set to 1:1
bit 10-8
RCDIV: FRC Postscaler Select bits
When OSCCON (COSC) = 111:
111 = 31.25 kHz (divide by 256)
110 = 125 kHz (divide by 64)
101 = 250 kHz (divide by 32)
100 = 500 kHz (divide by 16)
011 = 1 MHz (divide by 8)
010 = 2 MHz (divide by 4)
001 = 4 MHz (divide by 2) (default)
000 = 8 MHz (divide by 1)
When OSCCON (COSC) = 110:
111 = 1.95 kHz (divide by 256)
110 = 7.81 kHz (divide by 64)
101 = 15.62 kHz (divide by 32)
100 = 31.25 kHz (divide by 16)
011 = 62.5 kHz (divide by 8)
010 = 125 kHz (divide by 4)
001 = 250 kHz (divide by 2) (default)
000 = 500 kHz (divide by 1)
bit 7-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
This bit is automatically cleared when the ROI bit is set and an interrupt occurs.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 95
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 9-3:
OSCTUN: FRC OSCILLATOR TUNE REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
—
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
TUN5(1)
TUN4(1)
TUN3(1)
TUN2(1)
TUN1(1)
TUN0(1)
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-0
TUN: FRC Oscillator Tuning bits(1)
011111 = Maximum frequency deviation
011110
·
·
·
000001
000000 = Center frequency, oscillator is running at factory calibrated frequency
111111
·
·
·
100001
100000 = Minimum frequency deviation
Note 1:
Increments or decrements of TUN may not change the FRC frequency in equal steps over the FRC
tuning range and may not be monotonic.
DS39927C-page 96
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
9.4
Clock Switching Operation
With few limitations, applications are free to switch
between any of the four clock sources (POSC, SOSC,
FRC and LPRC) under software control and at any
time. To limit the possible side effects that could result
from this flexibility, PIC24F devices have a safeguard
lock built into the switching process.
Note:
9.4.1
The Primary Oscillator mode has three
different submodes (XT, HS and EC),
which are determined by the POSCMDx
Configuration bits. While an application
can switch to and from Primary Oscillator
mode in software, it cannot switch
between the different primary submodes
without reprogramming the device.
ENABLING CLOCK SWITCHING
To enable clock switching, the FCKSM1 Configuration bit
in the FOSC Configuration register must be programmed
to ‘0’. (Refer to Section 26.1 “Configuration Bits” for
further details.) If the FCKSM1 Configuration bit is unprogrammed (‘1’), the clock switching function and FSCM
function are disabled; this is the default setting.
The NOSCx control bits (OSCCON) do not
control the clock selection when clock switching is
disabled. However, the COSCx bits (OSCCON)
will reflect the clock source selected by the FNOSCx
Configuration bits.
The OSWEN control bit (OSCCON) has no effect
when clock switching is disabled; it is held at ‘0’ at all
times.
9.4.2
OSCILLATOR SWITCHING
SEQUENCE
At a minimum, performing a clock switch requires this
basic sequence:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If desired, read the COSCx bits (OSCCON),
to determine the current oscillator source.
Perform the unlock sequence to allow a write to
the OSCCON register high byte.
Write the appropriate value to the NOSCx bits
(OSCCON) for the new oscillator source.
Perform the unlock sequence to allow a write to
the OSCCON register low byte.
Set the OSWEN bit to initiate the oscillator
switch.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Once the basic sequence is completed, the system
clock hardware responds automatically as follows:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
The clock switching hardware compares the
COSCx bits with the new value of the NOSCx
bits. If they are the same, then the clock switch
is a redundant operation. In this case, the
OSWEN bit is cleared automatically and the
clock switch is aborted.
If a valid clock switch has been initiated, the
LOCK (OSCCON) and CF (OSCCON)
bits are cleared.
The new oscillator is turned on by the hardware
if it is not currently running. If a crystal oscillator
must be turned on, the hardware will wait until
the OST expires. If the new source is using the
PLL, then the hardware waits until a PLL lock is
detected (LOCK = 1).
The hardware waits for 10 clock cycles from the
new clock source and then performs the clock
switch.
The hardware clears the OSWEN bit to indicate a
successful clock transition. In addition, the
NOSCx bits value is transferred to the COSCx
bits.
The old clock source is turned off at this time,
with the exception of LPRC (if WDT, FSCM or
RTCC with LPRC as clock source are enabled)
or SOSC (if SOSCEN remains enabled).
Note 1: The processor will continue to execute
code throughout the clock switching
sequence. Timing-sensitive code should
not be executed during this time.
2: Direct clock switches between any
Primary Oscillator mode with PLL and
FRCPLL mode are not permitted. This
applies to clock switches in either
direction. In these instances, the
application must switch to FRC mode as
a transition clock source between the two
PLL modes.
DS39927C-page 97
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
The following code sequence for a clock switch is
recommended:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Disable interrupts during the OSCCON register
unlock and write sequence.
Execute the unlock sequence for the OSCCON
high byte by writing 78h and 9Ah to
OSCCON in two back-to-back instructions.
Write new oscillator source to the NOSCx bits in
the instruction immediately following the unlock
sequence.
Execute the unlock sequence for the OSCCON
low byte by writing 46h and 57h to
OSCCON in two back-to-back instructions.
Set the OSWEN bit in the instruction immediately
following the unlock sequence.
Continue to execute code that is not
clock-sensitive (optional).
Invoke an appropriate amount of software delay
(cycle counting) to allow the selected oscillator
and/or PLL to start and stabilize.
Check to see if OSWEN is ‘0’. If it is, the switch
was successful. If OSWEN is still set, then check
the LOCK bit to determine the cause of failure.
The core sequence for unlocking the OSCCON register
and initiating a clock switch is provided in Example 9-1.
EXAMPLE 9-1:
BASIC CODE SEQUENCE
FOR CLOCK SWITCHING
;Place the new oscillator selection in W0
;OSCCONH (high byte) Unlock Sequence
MOV
#OSCCONH, w1
MOV
#0x78, w2
MOV
#0x9A, w3
MOV.b
w2, [w1]
MOV.b
w3, [w1]
;Set new oscillator selection
MOV.b
WREG, OSCCONH
;OSCCONL (low byte) unlock sequence
MOV
#OSCCONL, w1
MOV
#0x46, w2
MOV
#0x57, w3
MOV.b
w2, [w1]
MOV.b
w3, [w1]
;Start oscillator switch operation
BSET
OSCCON,#0
DS39927C-page 98
9.5
Reference Clock Output
In addition to the CLKO output (FOSC/2) available in
certain oscillator modes, the device clock in the
PIC24F16KA102 family devices can also be configured
to provide a reference clock output signal to a port pin.
This feature is available in all oscillator configurations
and allows the user to select a greater range of clock
submultiples to drive external devices in the
application.
This reference clock output is controlled by the
REFOCON register (Register 9-4). Setting the ROEN
bit (REFOCON) makes the clock signal available
on the REFO pin. The RODIV bits (REFOCON)
enable the selection of 16 different clock divider
options.
The ROSSLP and ROSEL bits (REFOCON)
control the availability of the reference output during
Sleep mode. The ROSEL bit determines if the oscillator
on OSC1 and OSC2, or the current system clock
source, is used for the reference clock output. The
ROSSLP bit determines if the reference source is
available on REFO when the device is in Sleep mode.
To use the reference clock output in Sleep mode, both
the ROSSLP and ROSEL bits must be set. The device
clock must also be configured for one of the primary
modes (EC, HS or XT); otherwise, if the ROSEL bit is
not also set, the oscillator on OSC1 and OSC2 will be
powered down when the device enters Sleep mode.
Clearing the ROSEL bit allows the reference output
frequency to change as the system clock changes
during any clock switches.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 9-4:
REFOCON: REFERENCE OSCILLATOR CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ROEN
—
ROSSLP
ROSEL
RODIV3
RODIV2
RODIV1
RODIV0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
ROEN: Reference Oscillator Output Enable bit
1 = Reference oscillator is enabled on REFO pin
0 = Reference oscillator is disabled
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
ROSSLP: Reference Oscillator Output Stop in Sleep bit
1 = Reference oscillator continues to run in Sleep
0 = Reference oscillator is disabled in Sleep
bit 12
ROSEL: Reference Oscillator Source Select bit
1 = Primary oscillator is used as the base clock(1)
0 = System clock is used as the base clock; base clock reflects any clock switching of the device
bit 11-8
RODIV: Reference Oscillator Divisor Select bits
1111 = Base clock value divided by 32,768
1110 = Base clock value divided by 16,384
1101 = Base clock value divided by 8,192
1100 = Base clock value divided by 4,096
1011 = Base clock value divided by 2,048
1010 = Base clock value divided by 1,024
1001 = Base clock value divided by 512
1000 = Base clock value divided by 256
0111 = Base clock value divided by 128
0110 = Base clock value divided by 64
0101 = Base clock value divided by 32
0100 = Base clock value divided by 16
0011 = Base clock value divided by 8
0010 = Base clock value divided by 4
0001 = Base clock value divided by 2
0000 = Base clock value
bit 7-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
The crystal oscillator must be enabled using the FOSC bits; the crystal maintains the operation in
Sleep mode.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 99
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 100
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
10.0
Note:
POWER-SAVING FEATURES
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information, refer to the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
”Section 39. Power-Saving Features
with Deep Sleep” (DS39727).
The PIC24F16KA102 family of devices provides the
ability to manage power consumption by selectively
managing clocking to the CPU and the peripherals. In
general, a lower clock frequency and a reduction in the
number of circuits being clocked constitutes lower
consumed power. All PIC24F devices manage power
consumption in four different ways:
• Clock frequency
• Instruction-based Sleep, Idle and Deep Sleep
modes
• Software controlled Doze mode
• Selective peripheral control in software
Combinations of these methods can be used to
selectively tailor an application’s power consumption,
while still maintaining critical application features, such
as timing-sensitive communications.
10.1
Clock Frequency and Clock
Switching
PIC24F devices allow for a wide range of clock
frequencies to be selected under application control. If
the system clock configuration is not locked, users can
choose low-power or high-precision oscillators by simply
changing the NOSC bits. The process of changing a
system clock during operation, as well as limitations to
the process, are discussed in more detail in Section 9.0
“Oscillator Configuration”.
10.2
Instruction-Based Power-Saving
Modes
PIC24F devices have two special power-saving modes
that are entered through the execution of a special
PWRSAV instruction. Sleep mode stops clock operation
and halts all code execution; Idle mode halts the CPU
and code execution, but allows peripheral modules to
continue operation. Deep Sleep mode stops clock
operation, code execution and all peripherals except
RTCC and DSWDT. It also freezes I/O states and
removes power to SRAM and Flash memory.
EXAMPLE 10-1:
PWRSAV
PWRSAV
BSET
PWRSAV
The assembly syntax of the PWRSAV instruction is
shown in Example 10-1.
Note:
SLEEP_MODE and IDLE_MODE are constants, defined in the assembler include
file, for the selected device.
Sleep and Idle modes can be exited as a result of an
enabled interrupt, WDT time-out or a device Reset.
When the device exits these modes, it is said to
“wake-up”.
10.2.1
SLEEP MODE
Sleep mode includes these features:
• The system clock source is shut down. If an
on-chip oscillator is used, it is turned off.
• The device current consumption will be reduced
to a minimum provided that no I/O pin is sourcing
current.
• The I/O pin directions and states are frozen.
• The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor does not operate
during Sleep mode since the system clock source
is disabled.
• The LPRC clock will continue to run in Sleep
mode if the WDT or RTCC, with LPRC as the
clock source, is enabled.
• The WDT, if enabled, is automatically cleared
prior to entering Sleep mode.
• Some device features or peripherals may
continue to operate in Sleep mode. This includes
items, such as the input change notification on the
I/O ports, or peripherals that use an external clock
input. Any peripheral that requires the system
clock source for its operation will be disabled in
Sleep mode.
The device will wake-up from Sleep mode on any of
these events:
• On any interrupt source that is individually
enabled
• On any form of device Reset
• On a WDT time-out
On wake-up from Sleep, the processor will restart with
the same clock source that was active when Sleep
mode was entered.
PWRSAV INSTRUCTION SYNTAX
#SLEEP_MODE
#IDLE_MODE
DSCON, #DSEN
#SLEEP_MODE
;
;
;
;
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Put the device into SLEEP mode
Put the device into IDLE mode
Enable Deep Sleep
Put the device into Deep SLEEP mode
DS39927C-page 101
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
10.2.2
IDLE MODE
Idle mode has these features:
• The CPU will stop executing instructions.
• The WDT is automatically cleared.
• The system clock source remains active. By
default, all peripheral modules continue to operate
normally from the system clock source, but can
also be selectively disabled (see Section 10.4
“Selective Peripheral Module Control”).
• If the WDT or FSCM is enabled, the LPRC will
also remain active.
The device will wake from Idle mode on any of these
events:
• Any interrupt that is individually enabled
• Any device Reset
• A WDT time-out
On wake-up from Idle, the clock is re-applied to the
CPU and instruction execution begins immediately,
starting with the instruction following the PWRSAV
instruction or the first instruction in the ISR.
10.2.3
INTERRUPTS COINCIDENT WITH
POWER SAVE INSTRUCTIONS
Any interrupt that coincides with the execution of a
PWRSAV instruction will be held off until entry into Sleep
or Idle mode has completed. The device will then
wake-up from Sleep or Idle mode.
10.2.4
DEEP SLEEP MODE
In PIC24F16KA102 family devices, Deep Sleep mode
is intended to provide the lowest levels of power consumption available without requiring the use of external
switches to completely remove all power from the
device. Entry into Deep Sleep mode is completely
under software control. Exit from Deep Sleep mode can
be triggered from any of the following events:
•
•
•
•
•
POR event
MCLR event
RTCC alarm (If the RTCC is present)
External Interrupt 0
Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer (DSWDT) time-out
In Deep Sleep mode, it is possible to keep the device
Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC) running without
the loss of clock cycles.
DS39927C-page 102
The device has a dedicated Deep Sleep Brown-out
Reset (DSBOR) and a Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer
Reset (DSWDT) for monitoring voltage and time-out
events. The DSBOR and DSWDT are independent of
the standard BOR and WDT used with other
power-managed modes (Sleep, Idle and Doze).
10.2.4.1
Entering Deep Sleep Mode
Deep Sleep mode is entered by setting the DSEN bit in
the DSCON register, and then executing a Sleep
command (PWRSAV #SLEEP_MODE), within one
instruction cycle, to minimize the chance that Deep
Sleep will be spuriously entered.
If the PWRSAV command is not given within one instruction cycle, the DSEN bit will be cleared by the hardware
and must be set again by the software before entering
Deep Sleep mode. The DSEN bit is also automatically
cleared when exiting the Deep Sleep mode.
Note:
To re-enter Deep Sleep after a Deep Sleep
wake-up, allow a delay of at least 3 TCY
after clearing the RELEASE bit.
The sequence to enter Deep Sleep mode is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
If the application requires the Deep Sleep WDT,
enable it and configure its clock source (see
Section 10.2.4.5 “Deep Sleep WDT” for
details).
If the application requires Deep Sleep BOR,
enable it by programming the DSBOREN
Configuration bit (FDS).
If the application requires wake-up from Deep
Sleep on RTCC alarm, enable and configure the
RTCC module (see Section 19.0 “Real-Time
Clock and Calendar (RTCC)” for more
information).
If needed, save any critical application context
data by writing it to the DSGPR0 and DSGPR1
registers (optional).
Enable Deep Sleep mode by setting the DSEN
bit (DSCON).
Enter Deep Sleep mode by issuing 3 NOP
commands, and then a PWRSAV #0 instruction.
Any time the DSEN bit is set, all bits in the DSWAKE
register will be automatically cleared.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
10.2.4.2
Exiting Deep Sleep Mode
Deep Sleep mode exits on any one of the following events:
• POR event on VDD supply. If there is no DSBOR
circuit to re-arm the VDD supply POR circuit, the
external VDD supply must be lowered to the
natural arming voltage of the POR circuit.
• DSWDT time-out. When the DSWDT timer times
out, the device exits Deep Sleep.
• RTCC alarm (if RTCEN = 1).
• Assertion (‘0’) of the MCLR pin.
• Assertion of the INT0 pin (if the interrupt was
enabled before Deep Sleep mode was entered).
The polarity configuration is used to determine the
assertion level (‘0’ or ‘1’) of the pin that will cause
an exit from Deep Sleep mode. Exiting from Deep
Sleep mode requires a change on the INT0 pin
while in Deep Sleep mode.
Note:
Any interrupt pending when entering
Deep Sleep mode is cleared,
Exiting Deep Sleep mode generally does not retain the
state of the device and is equivalent to a Power-on
Reset (POR) of the device. Exceptions to this include
the RTCC (if present), which remains operational
through the wake-up, the DSGPRx registers and the
DSWDT bit.
Wake-up events that occur from the time Deep Sleep
exits until the time the POR sequence completes are
ignored and are not be captured in the DSWAKE
register.
The sequence for exiting Deep Sleep mode is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
After a wake-up event, the device exits Deep
Sleep and performs a POR. The DSEN bit is
cleared automatically. Code execution resumes
at the Reset vector.
To determine if the device exited Deep Sleep,
read the Deep Sleep bit, DPSLP (RCON).
This bit will be set if there was an exit from Deep
Sleep mode; if the bit is set, clear it.
Determine the wake-up source by reading the
DSWAKE register.
Determine if a DSBOR event occurred during
Deep Sleep mode by reading the DSBOR bit
(DSCON).
If application context data has been saved, read
it back from the DSGPR0 and DSGPR1
registers.
Clear the RELEASE bit (DSCON).
10.2.4.3
Saving Context Data with the
DSGPR0/DSGPR1 Registers
As exiting Deep Sleep mode causes a POR, most
Special Function Registers reset to their default POR
values. In addition, because VDDCORE power is not
supplied in Deep Sleep mode, information in data RAM
may be lost when exiting this mode.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Applications which require critical data to be saved
prior to Deep Sleep may use the Deep Sleep General
Purpose registers, DSGPR0 and DSGPR1, or data
EEPROM (if available). Unlike other SFRs, the
contents of these registers are preserved while the
device is in Deep Sleep mode. After exiting Deep
Sleep, software can restore the data by reading the
registers and clearing the RELEASE bit (DSCON).
10.2.4.4
I/O Pins During Deep Sleep
During Deep Sleep, the general purpose I/O pins retain
their previous states and the Secondary Oscillator
(SOSC) will remain running, if enabled. Pins that are
configured as inputs (TRISx bit set), prior to entry into
Deep Sleep, remain high-impedance during Deep
Sleep. Pins that are configured as outputs (TRISx bit
clear), prior to entry into Deep Sleep, remain as output
pins during Deep Sleep. While in this mode, they continue to drive the output level determined by their
corresponding LATx bit at the time of entry into Deep
Sleep.
Once the device wakes back up, all I/O pins continue to
maintain their previous states, even after the device
has finished the POR sequence and is executing application code again. Pins configured as inputs during
Deep Sleep remain high-impedance and pins configured as outputs continue to drive their previous value.
After waking up, the TRIS and LAT registers, and the
SOSCEN bit (OSCCON) are reset. If firmware
modifies any of these bits or registers, the I/O will not
immediately go to the newly configured states. Once
the firmware clears the RELEASE bit (DSCON),
the I/O pins are “released”. This causes the I/O pins to
take the states configured by their respective TRIS and
LAT bit values.
This means that keeping the SOSC running after
waking up requires the SOSCEN bit to be set before
clearing RELEASE.
If the Deep Sleep BOR (DSBOR) is enabled, and a
DSBOR or a true POR event occurs during Deep
Sleep, the I/O pins will be immediately released, similar
to clearing the RELEASE bit. All previous state information will be lost, including the general purpose
DSGPR0 and DSGPR1 contents.
If a MCLR Reset event occurs during Deep Sleep, the
DSGPRx, DSCON and DSWAKE registers will remain
valid, and the RELEASE bit will remain set. The state
of the SOSC will also be retained. The I/O pins, however, will be reset to their MCLR Reset state. Since
RELEASE is still set, changes to the SOSCEN bit
(OSCCON) cannot take effect until the RELEASE
bit is cleared.
In all other Deep Sleep wake-up cases, application
firmware must clear the RELEASE bit in order to
reconfigure the I/O pins.
DS39927C-page 103
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
10.2.4.5
Deep Sleep WDT
To enable the DSWDT in Deep Sleep mode, program
the Configuration bit, DSWDTEN (FDS). The
device Watchdog Timer (WDT) need not be enabled for
the DSWDT to function. Entry into Deep Sleep mode
automatically resets the DSWDT.
The DSWDT clock source is selected by the
DSWDTOSC Configuration bit (FDS). The postscaler
options
are
programmed
by
the
DSWDTPS Configuration bits (FDS). The
minimum time-out period that can be achieved is
2.1 ms and the maximum is 25.7 days. For more
details on the FDS Configuration register and DSWDT
configuration options, refer to Section 26.0 “Special
Features”.
10.2.4.6
Running the RTCC from LPRC will result in a loss of
accuracy in the RTCC of approximately 5 to 10%. If a
more accurate RTCC is required, it must be run from the
SOSC clock source. The RTCC clock source is selected
with the RTCOSC Configuration bit (FDS).
Under certain circumstances, it is possible for the
DSWDT clock source to be off when entering Deep
Sleep mode. In this case, the clock source is turned on
automatically (if DSWDT is enabled), without the need
for software intervention. However, this can cause a
delay in the start of the DSWDT counters. In order to
avoid this delay when using SOSC as a clock source,
the application can activate SOSC prior to entering
Deep Sleep mode.
Checking and Clearing the Status of
Deep Sleep
Power-on Resets (PORs)
VDD voltage is monitored to produce PORs. Since exiting from Deep Sleep functionally looks like a POR, the
technique described in Section 10.2.4.7 “Checking
and Clearing the Status of Deep Sleep” should be
used to distinguish between Deep Sleep and a true
POR event.
When a true POR occurs, the entire device, including
all Deep Sleep logic (Deep Sleep registers, RTCC,
DSWDT, etc.) is reset.
10.2.4.9
Summary of Deep Sleep Sequence
To review, these are the necessary steps involved in
invoking and exiting Deep Sleep mode:
1.
Switching Clocks in Deep Sleep Mode
Both the RTCC and the DSWDT may run from either
SOSC or the LPRC clock source. This allows both the
RTCC and DSWDT to run without requiring both the
LPRC and SOSC to be enabled together, reducing
power consumption.
10.2.4.7
10.2.4.8
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Device exits Reset and begins to execute its
application code.
If DSWDT functionality is required, program the
appropriate Configuration bit.
Select the appropriate clock(s) for the DSWDT
and RTCC (optional).
Enable and configure the DSWDT (optional).
Enable and configure the RTCC (optional).
Write context data to the DSGPRx registers
(optional).
Enable the INT0 interrupt (optional).
Set the DSEN bit in the DSCON register.
Enter Deep Sleep by issuing a PWRSV
#SLEEP_MODE command.
Device exits Deep Sleep when a wake-up event
occurs.
The DSEN bit is automatically cleared.
Read and clear the DPSLP status bit in RCON,
and the DSWAKE status bits.
Read the DSGPRx registers (optional).
Once all state related configurations are
complete, clear the RELEASE bit.
Application resumes normal operation.
Upon entry into Deep Sleep mode, the status bit
DPSLP (RCON), becomes set and must be
cleared by software.
On power-up, the software should read this status bit to
determine if the Reset was due to an exit from Deep
Sleep mode and clear the bit if it is set. Of the four
possible combinations of DPSLP and POR bit states,
three cases can be considered:
• Both the DPSLP and POR bits are cleared. In this
case, the Reset was due to some event other
than a Deep Sleep mode exit.
• The DPSLP bit is clear, but the POR bit is set.
This is a normal POR.
• Both the DPSLP and POR bits are set. This
means that Deep Sleep mode was entered, the
device was powered down and Deep Sleep mode
was exited.
DS39927C-page 104
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
DSCON: DEEP SLEEP CONTROL REGISTER(1)
REGISTER 10-1:
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
DSEN
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
—
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
DSBOR
(2)
R/C-0, HS
RELEASE
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
C = Clearable bit
HS = Hardware Settable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
DSEN: Deep Sleep Enable bit
1 = Enters Deep Sleep on execution of PWRSAV #0
0 = Enters normal Sleep on execution of PWRSAV #0
bit 14-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
DSBOR: Deep Sleep BOR Event bit(2)
1 = The DSBOR was active and a BOR event was detected during Deep Sleep
0 = The DSBOR was not active, or was active but did not detect a BOR event during Deep Sleep
bit 0
RELEASE: I/O Pin State Release bit
1 = Upon waking from Deep Sleep, I/O pins maintain their states previous to Deep Sleep entry
0 = Release I/O pins from their state previous to Deep Sleep entry, and allow their respective TRIS and
LAT bits to control their states
Note 1:
2:
All register bits are reset only in the case of a POR event outside of Deep Sleep mode.
Unlike all other events, a Deep Sleep BOR event will NOT cause a wake-up from Deep Sleep; this
re-arms POR.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 105
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
DSWAKE: DEEP SLEEP WAKE-UP SOURCE REGISTER(1)
REGISTER 10-2:
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HS
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DSINT0
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0, HS
U-0
U-0
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
R/W-0, HS
U-0
R/W-0, HS
DSFLT
—
—
DSWDT
DSRTCC
DSMCLR
—
DSPOR(2,3)
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HS = Hardware Settable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-9
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 8
DSINT0: Interrupt-on-Change bit
1 = Interrupt-on-change was asserted during Deep Sleep
0 = Interrupt-on-change was not asserted during Deep Sleep
bit 7
DSFLT: Deep Sleep Fault Detected bit
1 = A Fault occurred during Deep Sleep, and some Deep Sleep configuration settings may have been
corrupted
0 = No Fault was detected during Deep Sleep
bit 6-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
DSWDT: Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer Time-out bit
1 = The Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer timed out during Deep Sleep
0 = The Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer did not time out during Deep Sleep
bit 3
DSRTCC: Real-Time Clock and Calendar Alarm bit
1 = The Real-Time Clock and Calendar triggered an alarm during Deep Sleep
0 = The Real-Time Clock and Calendar did not trigger an alarm during Deep Sleep
bit 2
DSMCLR: MCLR Event bit
1 = The MCLR pin was active and was asserted during Deep Sleep
0 = The MCLR pin was not active, or was active, but not asserted during Deep Sleep
bit 1
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 0
DSPOR: Power-on Reset Event bit(2,3)
1 = The VDD supply POR circuit was active and a POR event was detected
0 = The VDD supply POR circuit was not active, or was active but did not detect a POR event
Note 1:
2:
3:
All register bits are cleared when the DSCON bit is set.
All register bits are reset only in the case of a POR event outside Deep Sleep mode, except bit, DSPOR,
which does not reset on a POR event that is caused due to a Deep Sleep exit.
Unlike the other bits in this register, this bit can be set outside of Deep Sleep.
DS39927C-page 106
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
10.3
Doze Mode
Generally, changing clock speed and invoking one of
the power-saving modes are the preferred strategies
for reducing power consumption. There may be
circumstances, however, where this is not practical. For
example, it may be necessary for an application to
maintain uninterrupted synchronous communication,
even while it is doing nothing else. Reducing system
clock speed may introduce communication errors,
while using a power-saving mode may stop
communications completely.
Doze mode is a simple and effective alternative method
to reduce power consumption while the device is still
executing code. In this mode, the system clock
continues to operate from the same source and at the
same speed. Peripheral modules continue to be
clocked at the same speed while the CPU clock speed
is reduced. Synchronization between the two clock
domains is maintained, allowing the peripherals to
access the SFRs while the CPU executes code at a
slower rate.
Doze mode is enabled by setting the DOZEN bit
(CLKDIV). The ratio between peripheral and core
clock speed is determined by the DOZE bits
(CLKDIV). There are eight possible
configurations, from 1:1 to 1:128, with 1:1 being the
default.
It is also possible to use Doze mode to selectively reduce
power consumption in event driven applications. This
allows clock-sensitive functions, such as synchronous
communications, to continue without interruption while
the CPU Idles, waiting for something to invoke an
interrupt routine. Enabling the automatic return to
full-speed CPU operation on interrupts is enabled by setting the ROI bit (CLKDIV). By default, interrupt
events have no effect on Doze mode operation.
10.4
Selective Peripheral Module
Control
Idle and Doze modes allow users to substantially
reduce power consumption by slowing or stopping the
CPU clock. Even so, peripheral modules still remain
clocked, and thus, consume power. There may be
cases where the application needs what these modes
do not provide: the allocation of power resources to
CPU processing with minimal power consumption from
the peripherals.
PIC24F devices address this requirement by allowing
peripheral modules to be selectively disabled, reducing
or eliminating their power consumption. This can be
done with two control bits:
• The Peripheral Enable bit, generically named,
“XXXEN”, located in the module’s main control
SFR.
• The Peripheral Module Disable (PMD) bit,
generically named, “XXXMD”, located in one of
the PMD Control registers.
Both bits have similar functions in enabling or disabling
its associated module. Setting the PMD bit for a module
disables all clock sources to that module, reducing its
power consumption to an absolute minimum. In this
state, the control and status registers associated with
the peripheral will also be disabled, so writes to those
registers will have no effect and read values will be
invalid. Many peripheral modules have a corresponding
PMD bit.
In contrast, disabling a module by clearing its XXXEN
bit disables its functionality, but leaves its registers
available to be read and written to. Power consumption
is reduced, but not by as much as the PMD bits are
used. Most peripheral modules have an enable bit;
exceptions include capture, compare and RTCC.
To achieve more selective power savings, peripheral
modules can also be selectively disabled when the
device enters Idle mode. This is done through the control
bit of the generic name format, “XXXIDL”. By default, all
modules that can operate during Idle mode will do so.
Using the disable on Idle feature disables the module
while in Idle mode, allowing further reduction of power
consumption during Idle mode, enhancing power
savings for extremely critical power applications.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 107
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 10-3:
PMD1: PERIPHERAL MODULE DISABLE REGISTER 1
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
T3MD
T2MD
T1MD
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
I2C1MD
U2MD
U1MD
—
SPI1MD
—
—
ADC1MD
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
T3MD: Timer3 Module Disable bit
1 = Timer3 module is disabled. All Timer3 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = Timer3 module is enabled
bit 12
T2MD: Timer2 Module Disable bit
1 = Timer2 module is disabled. All Timer2 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = Timer2 module is enabled
bit 11
T1MD: Timer1 Module Disable bit
1 = Timer1 module is disabled. All Timer1 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = Timer1 module is enabled
bit 10-8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7
I2C1MD: I2C1 Module Disable bit
1 = I2C1 module is disabled. All I2C1 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = I2C1 module is enabled
bit 6
U2MD: UART2 Module Disable bit
1 = UART2 module is disabled. All UART2 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = UART2 module is enabled
bit 5
U1MD: UART1 Module Disable bit
1 = UART1 module is disabled. All UART1 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = UART1 module is enabled
bit 4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
SPI1MD: SPI1 Module Disable bit
1 = SPI1 module is disabled. All SPI1 registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = SPI1 module is enabled
bit 2-1
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 0
ADC1MD: A/D Module Disable bit
1 = A/D module is disabled. All A/D registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = A/D module is enabled
DS39927C-page 108
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 10-4:
PMD2: PERIPHERAL MODULE DISABLE REGISTER 2
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
I2C1MD
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
OC1MD
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-9
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 8
I2C1MD: Input Capture 1 Module Disable bit
1 = Input Capture 1 module is disabled. All Input Capture registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = Input Capture 1 module is writable
bit 7-1
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 0
OC1MD: Input Compare 1 Module Disable bit
1 = Output Compare 1 module is disabled. All Output Compare registers are held in Reset and are not
writable.
0 = Output Compare 1 module is writable
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 109
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 10-5:
PMD3: PERIPHERAL MODULE DISABLE REGISTER 3
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
CMPMD
RTCCMD
—
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
CRCMD
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10
CMPMD: Comparator Module Disable bit
1 = Comparator module is disabled. All Comparator Module registers are held in Reset and are not
writable.
0 = Comparator module is enabled
bit 9
RTCCMD: RTCC Module Disable bit
1 = RTCC module is disabled. All RTCC module registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = RTCC module is enabled
bit 8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7
CRCMD: CRC Module Disable bit
1 = CRC module is disabled. All CRC registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = CRC module is enabled
bit 6-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 110
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 10-6:
PMD4: PERIPHERAL MODULE DISABLE REGISTER 4
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
—
—
—
EEMD
REFOMD
CTMUMD
HLVDMD
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
EEMD: EEPROM Memory Module Disable bit
1 = Disable EEPROM memory Flash panel, minimizing current consumption
0 = EEPROM memory is disabled
bit 3
REFOMD: Reference Oscillator Module Disable bit
1 = Reference oscillator module is disabled. All Reference Oscillator registers are held in Reset and
are not writable
0 = Reference Oscillator module is enabled
bit 2
CTMUMD: CTMU Module Disable bit
1 = CTMU module is disabled. All CTMU registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = CTMU module is enabled
bit 1
HLVDMD: HLVD Module Disable bit
1 = HLVD module is disabled. All HLVD registers are held in Reset and are not writable.
0 = HLVD module is enabled
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 111
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 112
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
11.0
Note:
I/O PORTS
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information on the I/O
ports, refer to the “PIC24F Family Reference Manual”, Section 12. “I/O Ports with
Peripheral Pin Select (PPS)” (DS39711).
Note that the PIC24F16KA102 family
devices do not support Peripheral Pin
Select features.
All of the device pins (except VDD and VSS) are shared
between the peripherals and the parallel I/O ports. All
I/O input ports feature Schmitt Trigger inputs for
improved noise immunity.
11.1
Parallel I/O (PIO) Ports
A parallel I/O port that shares a pin with a peripheral is,
in general, subservient to the peripheral. The
peripheral’s output buffer data and control signals are
provided to a pair of multiplexers. The multiplexers
select whether the peripheral or the associated port
has ownership of the output data and control signals of
the I/O pin. The logic also prevents “loop through”, in
which a port’s digital output can drive the input of a
peripheral that shares the same pin. Figure 11-1
displays how ports are shared with other peripherals
and the associated I/O pin to which they are connected.
FIGURE 11-1:
When a peripheral is enabled and the peripheral is
actively driving an associated pin, the use of the pin as
a general purpose output pin is disabled. The I/O pin
may be read, but the output driver for the parallel port
bit will be disabled. If a peripheral is enabled, but the
peripheral is not actively driving a pin, that pin may be
driven by a port.
All port pins have three registers directly associated
with their operation as digital I/O. The Data Direction
register (TRISx) determines whether the pin is an input
or an output. If the data direction bit is a ‘1’, then the pin
is an input. All port pins are defined as inputs after a
Reset. Reads from the Data Latch register (LATx), read
the latch. Writes to the latch, write the latch. Reads
from the port (PORTx), read the port pins, while writes
to the port pins, write the latch.
Any bit and its associated data and control registers
that are not valid for a particular device will be
disabled. That means the corresponding LATx and
TRISx registers, and the port pin will read as zeros.
When a pin is shared with another peripheral or
function that is defined as an input only, it is
nevertheless regarded as a dedicated port because
there is no other competing source of outputs.
Note:
The I/O pins retain their state during Deep
Sleep. They will retain this state at
wake-up until the software restore bit
(RELEASE) is cleared.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A TYPICAL SHARED PORT STRUCTURE
Peripheral Module
Output Multiplexers
Peripheral Input Data
Peripheral Module Enable
I/O
Peripheral Output Enable
1
Peripheral Output Data
0
PIO Module
1
Read TRIS
Data Bus
WR TRIS
Output Enable
Output Data
0
D
Q
I/O Pin
CK
TRIS Latch
D
WR LAT +
WR PORT
Q
CK
Data Latch
Read LAT
Input Data
Read PORT
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 113
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
11.1.1
OPEN-DRAIN CONFIGURATION
In addition to the PORT, LAT and TRIS registers for
data control, each port pin can also be individually
configured for either digital or open-drain output. This is
controlled by the Open-Drain Control register, ODCx,
associated with each port. Setting any of the bits
configures the corresponding pin to act as an
open-drain output.
The maximum open-drain voltage allowed is the same
as the maximum VIH specification.
11.2
Configuring Analog Port Pins
The use of the AD1PCFG and TRIS register controls
the operation of the A/D port pins. The port pins that are
desired as analog inputs must have their
corresponding TRIS bit set (input). If the TRIS bit is
cleared (output), the digital output level (VOH or VOL)
will be converted.
When reading the PORT register, all pins configured as
analog input channels will read as cleared (a low level).
Analog levels on any pin that is defined as a digital
input (including the ANx pins) may cause the input
buffer to consume current that exceeds the device
specifications.
11.2.1
I/O PORT WRITE/READ TIMING
One instruction cycle is required between a port
direction change or port write operation and a read
operation of the same port. Typically, this instruction
would be a NOP.
11.3
Input Change Notification
The input change notification function of the I/O ports
allows the PIC24F16KA102 family of devices to
generate interrupt requests to the processor in
response to a Change-of-State (COS) on selected
input pins. This feature is capable of detecting input
Change-of-States even in Sleep mode, when the
EXAMPLE 11-1:
MOV
MOV
NOP;
BTSS
clocks are disabled. Depending on the device pin
count, there are up to 23 external signals (CN0 through
CN22) that may be selected (enabled) for generating
an interrupt request on a Change-of-State.
There are six control registers associated with the CN
module. The CNEN1 and CNEN2 registers contain the
interrupt enable control bits for each of the CN input
pins. Setting any of these bits enables a CN interrupt
for the corresponding pins.
Each CN pin also has a weak pull-up/pull-down
connected to it. The pull-ups act as a current source
that is connected to the pin and the pull-downs act as a
current sink to eliminate the need for external resistors
when push button or keypad devices are connected.
On any pin, only the pull-up resistor or the pull-down
resistor should be enabled, but not both of them. If the
push button or the keypad is connected to VDD, enable
the pull-down, or if they are connected to VSS, enable
the pull-up resistors. The pull-ups are enabled
separately using the CNPU1 and CNPU2 registers,
which contain the control bits for each of the CN pins.
Setting any of the control bits enables the weak
pull-ups for the corresponding pins. The pull-downs are
enabled separately using the CNPD1 and CNPD2
registers, which contain the control bits for each of the
CN pins. Setting any of the control bits enables the
weak pull-downs for the corresponding pins.
When the internal pull-up is selected, the pin uses VDD
as the pull-up source voltage. When the internal
pull-down is selected, the pins are pulled down to VSS
by an internal resistor. Make sure that there is no
external pull-up source/pull-down sink when the
internal pull-ups/pull-downs are enabled.
Note:
Pull-ups and pull-downs on change
notification pins should always be
disabled whenever the port pin is
configured as a digital output.
PORT WRITE/READ EXAMPLE
0xFF00, W0;
W0, TRISBB;
PORTB, #13;
//Configure PORTB as inputs and PORTB as outputs
//Delay 1 cycle
//Next Instruction
Equivalent ‘C’ Code
TRISB = 0xFF00;
NOP();
if(PORTBbits.RB13 == 1)
{
}
DS39927C-page 114
//Configure PORTB as inputs and PORTB as outputs
//Delay 1 cycle
// execute following code if PORTB pin 13 is set.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
12.0
Note:
Figure 12-1 presents a block diagram of the 16-bit
Timer1 module.
TIMER1
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on
Timers, refer to the “PIC24F Family Reference Manual”, Section 14. “Timers”
(DS39704).
To configure Timer1 for operation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The Timer1 module is a 16-bit timer which can serve as
the time counter for the Real-Time Clock (RTC), or
operate as a free-running, interval timer/counter. Timer1
can operate in three modes:
5.
6.
• 16-Bit Timer
• 16-Bit Synchronous Counter
• 16-Bit Asynchronous Counter
Set the TON bit (= 1).
Select the timer prescaler ratio using the
TCKPS bits.
Set the Clock and Gating modes using the TCS
and TGATE bits.
Set or clear the TSYNC bit to configure
synchronous or asynchronous operation.
Load the timer period value into the PR1
register.
If interrupts are required, set the interrupt enable
bit, T1IE. Use the priority bits, T1IP, to set
the interrupt priority.
Timer1 also supports these features:
• Timer Gate Operation
• Selectable Prescaler Settings
• Timer Operation During CPU Idle and Sleep
modes
• Interrupt on 16-Bit Period Register Match or
Falling Edge of External Gate Signal
FIGURE 12-1:
16-BIT TIMER1 MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM
TCKPS
2
TON
SOSCO/
T1CK
1x
SOSCEN
SOSCI
Gate
Sync
01
TCY
00
Prescaler
1, 8, 64, 256
TGATE
TCS
TGATE
1
Q
D
0
Q
CK
Set T1IF
0
Reset
TMR1
1
Equal
Comparator
Sync
TSYNC
PR1
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 115
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 12-1:
T1CON: TIMER1 CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
TON
—
TSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
—
TGATE
TCKPS1
TCKPS0
—
TSYNC
TCS
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
TON: Timer1 On bit
1 = Starts 16-bit Timer1
0 = Stops 16-bit Timer1
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
TSIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
TGATE: Timer1 Gated Time Accumulation Enable bit
When TCS = 1:
This bit is ignored.
When TCS = 0:
1 = Gated time accumulation is enabled
0 = Gated time accumulation is disabled
bit 5-4
TCKPS: Timer1 Input Clock Prescale Select bits
11 = 1:256
10 = 1:64
01 = 1:8
00 = 1:1
bit 3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2
TSYNC: Timer1 External Clock Input Synchronization Select bit
When TCS = 1:
1 = Synchronize external clock input
0 = Do not synchronize external clock input
When TCS = 0:
This bit is ignored.
bit 1
TCS: Timer1 Clock Source Select bit
1 = External clock from T1CK pin (on the rising edge)
0 = Internal clock (FOSC/2)
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 116
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
13.0
Note:
TIMER2/3
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on
Timers, refer to the “PIC24F Family Reference Manual”, Section 14. “Timers”
(DS39704).
The Timer2/3 module is a 32-bit timer, which can also be
configured as two independent 16-bit timers with
selectable operating modes.
As a 32-bit timer, Timer2/3 operates in three modes:
• Two independent 16-bit timers (Timer2 and
Timer3) with all 16-bit operating modes (except
Asynchronous Counter mode)
• Single 32-bit timer
• Single 32-bit synchronous counter
They also support these features:
• Timer gate operation
• Selectable prescaler settings
• Timer operation during Idle and Sleep modes
• Interrupt on a 32-bit Period register match
• A/D Event Trigger
Individually, both of the 16-bit timers can function as
synchronous timers or counters. They also offer the
features listed above, except for the A/D event trigger
(this is implemented only with Timer3). The operating
modes and enabled features are determined by setting
the appropriate bit(s) in the T2CON and T3CON
registers. T2CON and T3CON are provided in generic
form in Register 13-1 and Register 13-2, respectively.
To configure Timer2/3 for 32-bit operation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Set the T32 bit (T2CON = 1).
Select the prescaler ratio for Timer2 using the
TCKPS bits.
Set the Clock and Gating modes using the TCS
and TGATE bits.
Load the timer period value. PR3 will contain the
msw of the value while PR2 contains the lsw.
If interrupts are required, set the interrupt enable
bit, T3IE. Use the priority bits, T3IP, to set
the interrupt priority.
While Timer2 controls the timer, the interrupt
appears as a Timer3 interrupt.
6.
Set the TON bit (= 1).
The timer value, at any point, is stored in the register
pair, TMR. TMR3 always contains the msw of the
count, while TMR2 contains the lsw.
To configure any of the timers for individual 16-bit
operation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Clear the T32 bit in T2CON.
Select the timer prescaler ratio using the
TCKPS bits.
Set the Clock and Gating modes using the TCS
and TGATE bits.
Load the timer period value into the PRx register.
If interrupts are required, set the interrupt enable
bit, TxIE; use the priority bits, TxIP, to set
the interrupt priority.
Set the TON bit (TxCON = 1).
For 32-bit timer/counter operation, Timer2 is the least
significant word (lsw) and Timer3 is the most significant
word (msw) of the 32-bit timer.
Note:
For 32-bit operation, T3CON control bits
are ignored. Only T2CON control bits are
used for setup and control. Timer2 clock
and gate inputs are utilized for the 32-bit
timer modules, but an interrupt is
generated with the Timer3 interrupt flags.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 117
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 13-1:
TIMER2/3 (32-BIT) BLOCK DIAGRAM
TCKPS
2
TON
T2CK
1x
Gate
Sync
01
TCY
00
Prescaler
1, 8, 64, 256
TGATE
TGATE
TCS
Q
1
Set T3IF
Q
0
PR3
A/D Event Trigger
Equal
D
CK
PR2
Comparator
MSB
LSB
TMR3
Reset
TMR2
Sync
16
Read TMR2
(1)
Write TMR2(1)
16
TMR3HLD
16
16
Data Bus
Note 1:
DS39927C-page 118
The 32-Bit Timer Configuration (T32) bit must be set for 32-bit timer/counter operation. All control bits
are respective to the T2CON register.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 13-2:
TIMER2 (16-BIT SYNCHRONOUS) BLOCK DIAGRAM
TON
T2CK
TCKPS
2
1x
Gate
Sync
Prescaler
1, 8, 64, 256
01
00
TGATE
TCS
TCY
1
Set T2IF
0
Reset
Equal
Q
D
Q
CK
TGATE
TMR2
Sync
Comparator
PR2
FIGURE 13-3:
TIMER3 (16-BIT SYNCHRONOUS) BLOCK DIAGRAM
TON
Sync
T3CK
TCKPS
2
1x
Prescaler
1, 8, 64, 256
01
00
TGATE
TCY
1
Set T3IF
0
Reset
A/D Event Trigger
Equal
Q
D
Q
CK
TCS
TGATE
TMR3
Comparator
PR3
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 119
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 13-1:
T2CON: TIMER2 CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
TON
—
TSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
—
TGATE
TCKPS1
TCKPS0
T32(1)
—
TCS
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
TON: Timer2 On bit
When T2CON = 1:
1 = Starts 32-bit Timer2/3
0 = Stops 32-bit Timer2/3
When T2CON = 0:
1 = Starts 16-bit Timer2
0 = Stops 16-bit Timer2
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
TSIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
TGATE: Timer2 Gated Time Accumulation Enable bit
When TCS = 1:
This bit is ignored.
When TCS = 0:
1 = Gated time accumulation is enabled
0 = Gated time accumulation is disabled
bit 5-4
TCKPS: Timer2 Input Clock Prescale Select bits
11 = 1:256
10 = 1:64
01 = 1:8
00 = 1:1
bit 3
T32: 32-Bit Timer Mode Select bit(1)
1 = Timer2 and Timer3 form a single 32-bit timer
0 = Timer2 and Timer3 act as two 16-bit timers
bit 2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
TCS: Timer2 Clock Source Select bit
1 = External clock from pin, T2CK (on the rising edge)
0 = Internal clock (FOSC/2)
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
x = Bit is unknown
In 32-bit mode, the T3CON control bits do not affect 32-bit timer operation.
DS39927C-page 120
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 13-2:
T3CON: TIMER3 CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
TON(1)
—
TSIDL(1)
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
—
TGATE(1)
TCKPS1(1)
TCKPS0(1)
—
—
TCS(1)
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
TON: Timer3 On bit(1)
1 = Starts 16-bit Timer3
0 = Stops 16-bit Timer3
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
TSIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit(1)
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6
TGATE: Timer3 Gated Time Accumulation Enable bit(1)
When TCS = 1:
This bit is ignored.
When TCS = 0:
1 = Gated time accumulation is enabled
0 = Gated time accumulation is disabled
bit 5-4
TCKPS: Timer3 Input Clock Prescale Select bits(1)
11 = 1:256
10 = 1:64
01 = 1:8
00 = 1:1
bit 3-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
TCS: Timer3 Clock Source Select bit(1)
1 = External clock from the T3CK pin (on the rising edge)
0 = Internal clock (FOSC/2)
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
x = Bit is unknown
When 32-bit operation is enabled (T2CON = 1), these bits have no effect on Timer3 operation; all timer
functions are set through T2CON.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 121
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 122
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
14.0
INPUT CAPTURE
Note:
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on Input Capture, refer to the “PIC24F
Family Reference Manual”, Section 15.
“Input Capture” (DS39701).
The input capture module is used to capture a timer
value from one of two selectable time bases upon an
event on an input pin.
The input capture features are quite useful in
applications requiring frequency (Time Period) and
pulse measurement. Figure 14-1 depicts a simplified
block diagram of the input capture module.
The PIC24F16KA102 family devices have one input
capture channel. The input capture module has
multiple operating modes, which are selected via the
IC1CON register. The operating modes include:
• Capture timer value on every falling edge of input
applied at the IC1 pin
• Capture timer value on every rising edge of input
applied at the IC1 pin
• Capture timer value on every 4th rising edge of
input applied at the IC1 pin
• Capture timer value on every 16th rising edge of
input applied at the IC1 pin
• Capture timer value on every rising and every
falling edge of input applied at the IC1 pin
• Device wake-up from capture pin during CPU
Sleep and Idle modes
The input capture module has a four-level FIFO buffer.
The number of capture events required to generate a
CPU interrupt can be selected by the user.
FIGURE 14-1:
INPUT CAPTURE BLOCK DIAGRAM
From 16-Bit Timers
TMRy TMRx
16
1
Prescaler
Counter
(1, 4, 16)
3
0
FIFO
R/W
Logic
Edge Detection Logic
Clock Synchronizer
IC1 Pin
16
ICTMR
(IC1CON)
ICM (IC1CON)
Mode Select
ICOV, ICBNE (IC1CON)
IC1BUF
ICI
IC1CON
System Bus
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Interrupt
Logic
Set Flag IC1IF
(in IFSn Register)
DS39927C-page 123
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
14.1
Input Capture Registers
REGISTER 14-1:
IC1CON: INPUT CAPTURE 1 CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
ICSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R-0, HC
R-0, HC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ICTMR
ICI1
ICI0
ICOV
ICBNE
ICM2
ICM1
ICM0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
ICSIDL: Input Capture 1 Module Stop in Idle Control bit
1 = Input capture module will halt in CPU Idle mode
0 = Input capture module will continue to operate in CPU Idle mode
bit 12-8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7
ICTMR: Input Capture 1 Timer Select bit
1 = TMR2 contents are captured on capture event
0 = TMR3 contents are captured on capture event
bit 6-5
ICI: Select Number of Captures per Interrupt bits
11 = Interrupt on every fourth capture event
10 = Interrupt on every third capture event
01 = Interrupt on every second capture event
00 = Interrupt on every capture event
bit 4
ICOV: Input Capture 1 Overflow Status Flag bit (read-only)
1 = Input capture overflow occurred
0 = No input capture overflow occurred
bit 3
ICBNE: Input Capture 1 Buffer Empty Status bit (read-only)
1 = Input capture buffer is not empty, at least one more capture value can be read
0 = Input capture buffer is empty
bit 2-0
ICM: Input Capture 1 Mode Select bits
111 = Input capture functions as interrupt pin only when device is in Sleep or Idle mode (rising edge
detect only, all other control bits are not applicable)
110 = Unused (module is disabled)
101 = Capture mode, every 16th rising edge
100 = Capture mode, every 4th rising edge
011 = Capture mode, every rising edge
010 = Capture mode, every falling edge
001 = Capture mode, every edge (rising and falling) – ICI bits do not control interrupt generation
for this mode
000 = Input capture module is turned off
DS39927C-page 124
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
15.0
Note:
15.1
OUTPUT COMPARE
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on
Output Compare, refer to the “PIC24F
Family Reference Manual”, Section 16.
“Output Compare” (DS39706).
Setup for Single Output Pulse
Generation
When the OCM control bits (OC1CON) are set to
‘100’, the selected output compare channel initializes
the OC1 pin to the low state and generates a single
output pulse.
To generate a single output pulse, the following steps
are required (these steps assume the timer source is
initially turned off, but this is not a requirement for the
module operation):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Determine the instruction clock cycle time. Take
into account the frequency of the external clock
to the timer source (if one is used) and the timer
prescaler settings.
Calculate time to the rising edge of the output
pulse relative to the TMRy start value (0000h).
Calculate the time to the falling edge of the pulse
based on the desired pulse width and the time to
the rising edge of the pulse.
Write the values computed in Steps 2 and 3
above into the Output Compare 1 register,
OC1R, and the Output Compare 1 Secondary
register, OC1RS, respectively.
Set Timer Period register, PRy, to value equal to
or greater than the value in OC1RS, the Output
Compare 1 Secondary register.
Set the OCM bits to ‘100’ and the OCTSEL
(OC1CON) bit to the desired timer source.
The OC1 pin state will now be driven low.
Set the TON (TyCON) bit to ‘1’, which
enables the compare time base to count.
Upon the first match between TMRy and OC1R,
the OC1 pin will be driven high.
When the incrementing timer, TMRy, matches
the Output Compare 1 Secondary register,
OC1RS, the second and trailing edge
(high-to-low) of the pulse is driven onto the OC1
pin. No additional pulses are driven onto the
OC1 pin and it remains low. As a result of the
second compare match event, the OC1IF interrupt flag bit is set, which will result in an interrupt
if it is enabled, by setting the OC1IE bit. For
further information on peripheral interrupts, refer
to Section 8.0 “Interrupt Controller”.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
10. To initiate another single pulse output, change
the Timer and Compare register settings, if
needed, and then issue a write to set the OCM
bits to ‘100’. Disabling and re-enabling of the
timer and clearing the TMRy register are not
required, but may be advantageous for defining
a pulse from a known event time boundary.
The output compare module does not have to be
disabled after the falling edge of the output pulse.
Another pulse can be initiated by rewriting the value of
the OC1CON register.
15.2
Setup for Continuous Output
Pulse Generation
When the OCM control bits (OC1CON) are set to
‘101’, the selected output compare channel initializes
the OC1 pin to the low state and generates output
pulses on each and every compare match event.
For the user to configure the module for the generation
of a continuous stream of output pulses, the following
steps are required (these steps assume the timer
source is initially turned off, but this is not a requirement
for the module operation):
1.
Determine the instruction clock cycle time. Take
into account the frequency of the external clock
to the timer source (if one is used) and the timer
prescaler settings.
2. Calculate time to the rising edge of the output
pulse relative to the TMRy start value (0000h).
3. Calculate the time to the falling edge of the pulse
based on the desired pulse width and the time to
the rising edge of the pulse.
4. Write the values computed in Step 2 and 3 above
into the Output Compare 1 register, OC1R, and the
Output Compare 1 Secondary register, OC1RS,
respectively.
5. Set the Timer Period register, PRy, to a value
equal to or greater than the value in OC1RS.
6. Set the OCM bits to ‘101’ and the OCTSEL bit to
the desired timer source. The OC1 pin state will
now be driven low.
7. Enable the compare time base by setting the
TON (TyCON) bit to ‘1’.
8. Upon the first match between TMRy and OC1R,
the OC1 pin will be driven high.
9. When the compare time base, TMRy, matches the
OC1RS, the second and trailing edge (high-to-low)
of the pulse is driven onto the OC1 pin.
10. As a result of the second compare match event,
the OC1IF interrupt flag bit is set.
11. When the compare time base and the value in its
respective Timer Period register match, the TMRy
register resets to 0x0000 and resumes counting.
12. Steps 8 through 11 are repeated and a continuous stream of pulses is generated indefinitely.
The OC1IF flag is set on each OC1RS/TMRy
compare match event.
DS39927C-page 125
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
15.3
EQUATION 15-1:
Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM)
Mode
PWM Period = [(PRy) + 1] • TCY • (Timer Prescale Value)
where:
PWM Frequency = 1/[PWM Period]
The following steps should be taken when configuring
the output compare module for PWM operation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Set the PWM period by writing to the selected
Timer Period register (PRy).
Set the PWM duty cycle by writing to the OC1RS
register.
Write the OC1R register with the initial duty
cycle.
Enable interrupts, if required, for the timer and
output compare modules. The output compare
interrupt is required for PWM Fault pin
utilization.
Configure the output compare module for one of
two PWM Operation modes by writing to the
Output Compare Mode bits, OCM
(OC1CON).
Set the TMRy prescale value and enable the
time base by setting TON (TxCON) = 1.
Note:
15.3.1
Note 1:
Note:
15.3.2
Based on TCY = 2 * TOSC; Doze mode
and PLL are disabled.
A PRy value of N will produce a PWM
period of N + 1 time base count cycles. For
example, a value of 7, written into the PRy
register, will yield a period consisting of
8 time base cycles.
PWM DUTY CYCLE
The PWM duty cycle is specified by writing to the
OC1RS register. The OC1RS register can be written to
at any time, but the duty cycle value is not latched into
OC1R until a match between PRy and TMRy occurs
(i.e., the period is complete). This provides a double
buffer for the PWM duty cycle and is essential for
glitchless PWM operation. In PWM mode, OC1R is a
read-only register.
The OC1R register should be initialized
before the output compare module is first
enabled. The OC1R register becomes a
read-only Duty Cycle register when the
module is operated in the PWM modes.
The value held in OC1R will become the
PWM duty cycle for the first PWM period.
The contents of the Output Compare 1
Secondary register, OC1RS, will not be
transferred into OC1R until a time base
period match occurs.
Some important boundary parameters of the PWM duty
cycle include:
• If the Output Compare 1 register, OC1R, is loaded
with 0000h, the OC1 pin will remain low (0% duty
cycle).
• If OC1R is greater than PRy (Timer Period
register), the pin will remain high (100% duty
cycle).
• If OC1R is equal to PRy, the OC1 pin will be low
for one time base count value and high for all
other count values.
PWM PERIOD
The PWM period is specified by writing to PRy, the
Timer Period register. The PWM period can be
calculated using Equation 15-1.
EQUATION 15-2:
CALCULATING THE PWM
PERIOD(1)
See Example 15-1 for PWM mode timing details.
Table 15-1 provides an example of PWM frequencies
and resolutions for a device operating at 10 MIPS.
CALCULATION FOR MAXIMUM PWM RESOLUTION(1)
log10
Maximum PWM Resolution (bits) =
(F
PWM
)
FCY
• (Timer Prescale Value)
bits
log10(2)
Note 1: Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
DS39927C-page 126
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
EXAMPLE 15-1:
1.
PWM PERIOD AND DUTY CYCLE CALCULATIONS(1)
Find the Timer Period register value for a desired PWM frequency of 52.08 kHz, where FOSC = 8 MHz with PLL
(32 MHz device clock rate) and a Timer2 prescaler setting of 1:1.
TCY = 2 * TOSC = 62.5 ns
PWM Period = 1/PWM Frequency = 1/52.08 kHz = 19.2 s
PWM Period = (PR2 + 1) • TCY • (Timer 2 Prescale Value)
19.2 s = (PR2 + 1) • 62.5 ns • 1
PR2 = 306
2.
Find the maximum resolution of the duty cycle that can be used with a 52.08 kHz frequency and a 32 MHz
device clock rate:
PWM Resolution = log10 (FCY/FPWM)/log102) bits
= (log10 (16 MHz/52.08 kHz)/log102) bits
= 8.3 bits
Note 1:
Based on TCY = 2 * TOSC; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
TABLE 15-1:
EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS AT 4 MIPS (FCY = 4 MHz)(1)
PWM Frequency
7.6 Hz
61 Hz
122 Hz
977 Hz
3.9 kHz
31.3 kHz
125 kHz
Timer Prescaler Ratio
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
Period Register Value
FFFFh
FFFFh
7FFFh
0FFFh
03FFh
007Fh
001Fh
16
16
15
12
10
7
5
Resolution (bits)
Note 1:
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
TABLE 15-2:
EXAMPLE PWM FREQUENCIES AND RESOLUTIONS AT 16 MIPS (FCY = 16 MHz)(1)
PWM Frequency
30.5 Hz
244 Hz
488 Hz
3.9 kHz
15.6 kHz
125 kHz
500 kHz
Timer Prescaler Ratio
8
1
1
1
1
1
1
Period Register Value
FFFFh
FFFFh
7FFFh
0FFFh
03FFh
007Fh
001Fh
16
16
15
12
10
7
5
Resolution (bits)
Note 1:
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 127
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 15-1:
OUTPUT COMPARE MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM
Set Flag bit
OC1IF(1)
OC1RS(1)
Output
Logic
OC1R(1)
3
OCM
Mode Select
Comparator
0
16
OCTSEL
1
0
S Q
R
OC1(1)
Output Enable
OCFA(2)
1
16
TMR Register Inputs
from Time Bases(3)
Period Match Signals
from Time Bases(3)
Note 1: Where ‘x’ is depicted, reference is made to the registers associated with the respective Output Compare Channel 1.
2: OCFA pin controls OC1 channel.
3: Each output compare channel can use one of two selectable time bases. Refer to the device data sheet for the time
bases associated with the module.
DS39927C-page 128
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
15.4
Output Compare Register
REGISTER 15-1:
OC1CON: OUTPUT COMPARE 1 CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
OCSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
R-0, HC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
OCFLT
OCTSEL
OCM2
OCM1
OCM0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
OCSIDL: Stop Output Compare 1 in Idle Mode Control bit
1 = Output Compare 1 will halt in CPU Idle mode
0 = Output Compare 1 will continue to operate in CPU Idle mode
bit 12-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
OCFLT: PWM Fault Condition Status bit
1 = PWM Fault condition has occurred (cleared in HW only)
0 = No PWM Fault condition has occurred (this bit is only used when OCM = 111)
bit 3
OCTSEL: Output Compare 1 Timer Select bit
1 = Timer3 is the clock source for Output Compare 1
0 = Timer2 is the clock source for Output Compare 1
Refer to the device data sheet for specific time bases available to the output compare module.
bit 2-0
OCM: Output Compare 1 Mode Select bits
111 = PWM mode on OC1, Fault pin; OCF1 enabled(1)
110 = PWM mode on OC1, Fault pin; OCF1 disabled(1)
101 = Initialize OC1 pin low, generate continuous output pulses on OC1 pin
100 = Initialize OC1 pin low, generate single output pulse on OC1 pin
011 = Compare event toggles OC1 pin
010 = Initialize OC1 pin high, compare event forces OC1 pin low
001 = Initialize OC1 pin low, compare event forces OC1 pin high
000 = Output compare channel is disabled
Note 1:
The OCFA pin controls the OC1 channel.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 129
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 15-2:
PADCFG1: PAD CONFIGURATION CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
—
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
R/W-0
(3)
SMBUSDEL
R/W-0
(2)
OC1TRIS
R/W-0
(1,4)
RTSECSEL1
R/W-0
(1,4)
RTSECSEL0
bit 7
—
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3
OC1TRIS: OC1 Output Tri-State Select bit(2)
1 = OC1 output will not be active on the pin; OCPWM1 can still be used for internal triggers
0 = OC1 output will be active on the pin based on the OCPWM1 module settings
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
To enable the actual RTCC output, the RTCOE (RCFGCAL) bit needs to be set.
To enable the actual OC1 output, the OCPWM1 module has to be enabled.
Bit 4 is described in Section 17.0 “Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C™)”.
Bits 2 and 1 are described in Section 19.0 Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC).
DS39927C-page 130
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
16.0
Note:
SERIAL PERIPHERAL
INTERFACE (SPI)
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information on the Serial
Peripheral Interface, refer to the “PIC24F
Family Reference Manual”, Section 23.
“Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)”
(DS39699).
The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) module is a
synchronous serial interface useful for communicating
with other peripheral or microcontroller devices. These
peripheral devices may be serial data EEPROMs, shift
registers, display drivers, A/D Converters, etc. The SPI
module is compatible with the SPI and SIOP interfaces
from Motorola®.
The module supports operation in two buffer modes. In
Standard mode, data is shifted through a single serial
buffer. In Enhanced Buffer mode, data is shifted
through an 8-level FIFO buffer.
Note:
Do not perform read-modify-write operations (such as bit-oriented instructions) on
the SPI1BUF register in either Standard or
Enhanced Buffer mode.
The module also supports a basic framed SPI protocol
while operating in either Master or Slave mode. A total
of four framed SPI configurations are supported.
The SPI serial interface consists of four pins:
• SDI1: Serial Data Input
• SDO1: Serial Data Output
• SCK1: Shift Clock Input or Output
• SS1: Active-Low Slave Select or Frame
Synchronization I/O Pulse
The SPI module can be configured to operate using
2, 3 or 4 pins. In the 3-pin mode, SS1 is not used. In the
2-pin mode, both SDO1 and SS1 are not used.
Block diagrams of the module in Standard and
Enhanced Buffer modes are displayed in Figure 16-1
and Figure 16-2.
The devices of the PIC24F16KA102 family offer one
SPI module on a device.
Note:
To set up the SPI module for the Standard Master mode
of operation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If using interrupts:
a) Clear the respective SPI1IF bit in the IFS0
register.
b) Set the respective SPI1IE bit in the IEC0
register.
c) Write the respective SPI1IPx bits in the
IPC2 register to set the interrupt priority.
Write the desired settings to the SPI1CON1 and
SPI1CON2 registers with the MSTEN bit
(SPI1CON1) = 1.
Clear the SPIROV bit (SPI1STAT).
Enable SPI operation by setting the SPIEN bit
(SPI1STAT).
Write the data to be transmitted to the SPI1BUF
register. Transmission (and reception) will start
as soon as data is written to the SPI1BUF
register.
To set up the SPI module for the Standard Slave mode
of operation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
In this section, the SPI module is referred
to as SPI1, or separately as SPI1. Special
Function Registers (SFRs) will follow a
similar notation. For example, SPI1CON1
or SPI1CON2 refers to the control register
for the SPI1 module.
Clear the SPI1BUF register.
If using interrupts:
a) Clear the respective SPI1IF bit in the IFS0
register.
b) Set the respective SPI1IE bit in the IEC0
register.
c) Write the respective SPI1IP bits in the IPC2
register to set the interrupt priority.
Write the desired settings to the SPI1CON1
and SPI1CON2 registers with the MSTEN bit
(SPI1CON1) = 0.
Clear the SMP bit.
If the CKE bit is set, then the SSEN bit
(SPI1CON1) must be set to enable the SS1
pin.
Clear the SPIROV bit (SPI1STAT).
Enable SPI operation by setting the SPIEN bit
(SPI1STAT).
DS39927C-page 131
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 16-1:
SPI1 MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM (STANDARD BUFFER MODE)
SCK1
1:1 to 1:8
Secondary
Prescaler
SS1/FSYNC1
Sync
Control
1:1/4/16/64
Primary
Prescaler
Select
Edge
Control
Clock
SPI1CON1
SPI1CON1
Shift Control
SDO1
Enable
Master Clock
bit 0
SDI1
FCY
SPI1SR
Transfer
Transfer
SPI1BUF
Read SPI1BUF
Write SPI1BUF
16
Internal Data Bus
DS39927C-page 132
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
To set up the SPI module for the Enhanced Buffer
Master (EBM) mode of operation:
To set up the SPI module for the Enhanced Buffer
Slave mode of operation:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
If using interrupts:
a) Clear the respective SPI1IF bit in the IFS0
register.
b) Set the respective SPI1IE bit in the IEC0
register.
c) Write the respective SPI1IPx bits in the
IPC2 register.
Write the desired settings to the SPI1CON1
and SPI1CON2 registers with the MSTEN bit
(SPI1CON1) = 1.
Clear the SPIROV bit (SPI1STAT).
Select Enhanced Buffer mode by setting the
SPIBEN bit (SPI1CON2).
Enable SPI operation by setting the SPIEN bit
(SPI1STAT).
Write the data to be transmitted to the SPI1BUF
register. Transmission (and reception) will start
as soon as data is written to the SPI1BUF
register.
FIGURE 16-2:
Clear the SPI1BUF register.
If using interrupts:
a) Clear the respective SPI1IF bit in the IFS0
register.
b) Set the respective SPI1IE bit in the IEC0
register.
c) Write the respective SPI1IPx bits in the
IPC2 register to set the interrupt priority.
Write the desired settings to the SPI1CON1 and
SPI1CON2 registers with the MSTEN bit
(SPI1CON1) = 0.
Clear the SMP bit.
If the CKE bit is set, then the SSEN bit must be
set, thus enabling the SS1 pin.
Clear the SPIROV bit (SPI1STAT).
Select Enhanced Buffer mode by setting the
SPIBEN bit (SPI1CON2).
Enable SPI operation by setting the SPIEN bit
(SPI1STAT).
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
SPI1 MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM (ENHANCED BUFFER MODE)
SCK1
1:1 to 1:8
Secondary
Prescaler
SS1/FSYNC1
Sync
Control
1:1/4/16/64
Primary
Prescaler
Select
Edge
Control
Clock
SPI1CON1
SPI1CON1
Shift Control
SDO1
Enable
Master Clock
bit 0
SDI1
FCY
SPI1SR
Transfer
Transfer
8-Level FIFO
Receive Buffer
8-Level FIFO
Transmit Buffer
SPI1BUF
Read SPI1BUF
Write SPI1BUF
16
Internal Data Bus
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 133
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 16-1:
SPI1STAT: SPI1 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
SPIEN
—
SPISIDL
—
—
SPIBEC2
SPIBEC1
SPIBEC0
bit 15
bit 8
R-0,HSC
R/C-0, HS
R/W-0, HSC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
SRMPT
SPIROV
SRXMPT
SISEL2
SISEL1
SISEL0
SPITBF
SPIRBF
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
H = Hardware Settable bit
C = Clearable bit
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
SPIEN: SPI1 Enable bit
1 = Enables module and configures SCK1, SDO1, SDI1 and SS1 as serial port pins
0 = Disables module
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
SPISIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinues module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continues module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
SPIBEC: SPI1 Buffer Element Count bits (valid in Enhanced Buffer mode)
Master mode:
Number of SPI transfers are pending.
Slave mode:
Number of SPI transfers are unread.
bit 7
SRMPT: Shift Register (SPI1SR) Empty bit (valid in Enhanced Buffer mode)
1 = SPI1 Shift register is empty and ready to send or receive
0 = SPI1 Shift register is not empty
bit 6
SPIROV: Receive Overflow Flag bit
1 = A new byte/word is completely received and discarded
The user software has not read the previous data in the SPI1BUF register.
0 = No overflow has occurred
bit 5
SRXMPT: Receive FIFO Empty bit (valid in Enhanced Buffer mode)
1 = Receive FIFO is empty
0 = Receive FIFO is not empty
bit 4-2
SISEL: SPI1 Buffer Interrupt Mode bits (valid in Enhanced Buffer mode)
111 = Interrupt when the SPI1 transmit buffer is full (SPITBF bit is set)
110 = Interrupt when the last bit is shifted into SPI1SR; as a result, the TX FIFO is empty
101 = Interrupt when the last bit is shifted out of SPI1SR; now the transmit is complete
100 = Interrupt when one data byte is shifted into the SPI1SR; as a result, the TX FIFO has one open spot
011 = Interrupt when the SPI1 receive buffer is full (SPIRBF bit set)
010 = Interrupt when the SPI1 receive buffer is 3/4 or more full
001 = Interrupt when data is available in receive buffer (SRMPT bit is set)
000 = Interrupt when the last data in the receive buffer is read; as a result, the buffer is empty
(SRXMPT bit is set)
DS39927C-page 134
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 16-1:
SPI1STAT: SPI1 STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 1
SPITBF: SPI1 Transmit Buffer Full Status bit
1 = Transmit has not yet started, SPI1TXB is full
0 = Transmit has started, SPI1TXB is empty
In Standard Buffer mode:
Automatically set in hardware when the CPU writes to the SPITBF location, loading SPITBF.
Automatically cleared in hardware when the SPI1 module transfers data from SPI1TXB to SPIRBF.
In Enhanced Buffer mode:
Automatically set in hardware when CPU writes to the SPI1BUF location, loading the last available buffer location.
Automatically cleared in hardware when a buffer location is available for a CPU write.
bit 0
SPIRBF: SPI1 Receive Buffer Full Status bit
1 = Receive is complete; SPI1RXB is full
0 = Receive is not complete; SPI1RXB is empty
In Standard Buffer mode:
Automatically set in hardware when SPI1 transfers data from SPIRBF to SPIRBF.
Automatically cleared in hardware when the core reads the SPI1BUF location, reading SPIRBF.
In Enhanced Buffer mode:
Automatically set in hardware when SPI1 transfers data from SPI1SR to buffer, filling the last unread buffer location.
Automatically cleared in hardware when a buffer location is available for a transfer from SPI1SR.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 135
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 16-2:
SPI1CON1: SPI1 CONTROL REGISTER 1
U-0
—
bit 15
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
DISSCK
R/W-0
DISSDO
R/W-0
MODE16
R/W-0
SMP
R/W-0
CKE(1)
bit 8
R/W-0
SSEN
bit 7
R/W-0
CKP
R/W-0
MSTEN
R/W-0
SPRE2
R/W-0
SPRE1
R/W-0
SPRE0
R/W-0
PPRE1
R/W-0
PPRE0
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15-13
bit 12
bit 11
bit 10
bit 9
bit 8
bit 7
bit 6
bit 5
bit 4-2
Note 1:
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DISSCK: Disable SCK1 pin bit (SPI Master modes only)
1 = Internal SPI clock is disabled, pin functions as I/O
0 = Internal SPI clock is enabled
DISSDO: Disables SDO1 pin bit
1 = SDO1 pin is not used by module; pin functions as I/O
0 = SDO1 pin is controlled by the module
MODE16: Word/Byte Communication Select bit
1 = Communication is word-wide (16 bits)
0 = Communication is byte-wide (8 bits)
SMP: SPI1 Data Input Sample Phase bit
Master mode:
1 = Input data is sampled at the end of data output time
0 = Input data is sampled at the middle of data output time
Slave mode:
SMP must be cleared when SPI1 is used in Slave mode.
CKE: SPI1 Clock Edge Select bit(1)
1 = Serial output data changes on transition from active clock state to Idle clock state (see bit 6)
0 = Serial output data changes on transition from Idle clock state to active clock state (see bit 6)
SSEN: Slave Select Enable bit (Slave mode)
1 = SS1 pin is used for Slave mode
0 = SS1 pin is not used by the module; pin is controlled by port function
CKP: Clock Polarity Select bit
1 = Idle state for clock is a high level; active state is a low level
0 = Idle state for clock is a low level; active state is a high level
MSTEN: Master Mode Enable bit
1 = Master mode
0 = Slave mode
SPRE: Secondary Prescale bits (Master mode)
111 = Secondary prescale 1:1
110 = Secondary prescale 2:1
.
.
.
000 = Secondary prescale 8:1
The CKE bit is not used in the Framed SPI modes. The user should program this bit to ‘0’ for the Framed
SPI modes (FRMEN = 1).
DS39927C-page 136
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 16-2:
bit 1-0
Note 1:
SPI1CON1: SPI1 CONTROL REGISTER 1 (CONTINUED)
PPRE: Primary Prescale bits (Master mode)
11 = Primary prescale 1:1
10 = Primary prescale 4:1
01 = Primary prescale 16:1
00 = Primary prescale 64:1
The CKE bit is not used in the Framed SPI modes. The user should program this bit to ‘0’ for the Framed
SPI modes (FRMEN = 1).
REGISTER 16-3:
SPI1CON2: SPI1 CONTROL REGISTER 2
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
FRMEN
SPIFSD
SPIFPOL
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
SPIFE
SPIBEN
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
FRMEN: Framed SPI1 Support bit
1 = Framed SPI1 support is enabled
0 = Framed SPI1 support is disabled
bit 14
SPIFSD: Frame Sync Pulse Direction Control on SS1 Pin bit
1 = Frame sync pulse input (slave)
0 = Frame sync pulse output (master)
bit 13
SPIFPOL: Frame Sync Pulse Polarity bit (Frame mode only)
1 = Frame sync pulse is active-high
0 = Frame sync pulse is active-low
bit 12-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
SPIFE: Frame Sync Pulse Edge Select bit
1 = Frame sync pulse coincides with the first bit clock
0 = Frame sync pulse precedes the first bit clock
bit 0
SPIBEN: Enhanced Buffer Enable bit
1 = Enhanced Buffer is enabled
0 = Enhanced Buffer is disabled (Legacy mode)
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 137
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
EQUATION 16-1:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEVICE AND SPI CLOCK SPEED(1)
FCY
FSCK =
Primary Prescaler * Secondary Prescaler
Note 1: Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
TABLE 16-1:
SAMPLE SCK FREQUENCIES(1,2)
Secondary Prescaler Settings
FCY = 16 MHz
1:1
Primary Prescaler Settings
2:1
4:1
6:1
8:1
1:1
Invalid
8000
4000
2667
2000
4:1
4000
2000
1000
667
500
16:1
1000
500
250
167
125
64:1
250
125
63
42
31
1:1
5000
2500
1250
833
625
FCY = 5 MHz
Primary Prescaler Settings
Note 1:
2:
4:1
1250
625
313
208
156
16:1
313
156
78
52
39
64:1
78
39
20
13
10
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
SCK1 frequencies are indicated in kHz.
DS39927C-page 138
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
17.0
Note:
INTER-INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
(I2C™)
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on the Inter-Integrated Circuit, refer to the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 24. “Inter-Integrated Circuit™
(I2C™)” (DS39702).
17.2
The details of sending a message in Master mode
depends on the communications protocol for the device
being communicated with. Typically, the sequence of
events is as follows:
1.
2.
3.
2
The Inter-Integrated Circuit (I C) module is a serial
interface useful for communicating with other
peripheral or microcontroller devices. These peripheral
devices may be serial data EEPROMs, display drivers,
A/D Converters, etc.
The I2C module supports these features:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Independent master and slave logic
7-bit and 10-bit device addresses
General call address, as defined in the I2C protocol
Automatic clock stretching to provide delays for
the processor to respond to a slave data request
Both 100 kHz and 400 kHz bus specifications
Configurable address masking
Multi-Master modes to prevent loss of messages
in arbitration
Bus Repeater mode, allowing the acceptance of
all messages as a slave regardless of the address
Automatic SCL
Figure 17-1 illustrates a block diagram of the module.
17.1
Communicating as a Master in a
Single Master Environment
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Assert a Start condition on SDA1 and SCL1.
Send the I2C device address byte to the slave
with a write indication.
Wait for and verify an Acknowledge from the
slave.
Send the first data byte (sometimes known as
the command) to the slave.
Wait for and verify an Acknowledge from the
slave.
Send the serial memory address low byte to the
slave.
Repeat Steps 4 and 5 until all data bytes are
sent.
Assert a Repeated Start condition on SDA1 and
SCL1.
Send the device address byte to the slave with
a read indication.
Wait for and verify an Acknowledge from the
slave.
Enable master reception to receive serial
memory data.
Generate an ACK or NACK condition at the end
of a received byte of data.
Generate a Stop condition on SDA1 and SCL1.
Pin Remapping Options
I2C
The
module is tied to a fixed pin. To allow flexibility
with peripheral multiplexing, the I2C1 module in 28-pin
devices can be reassigned to the alternate pins,
designated as SCL1 and SDA1 during device
configuration.
Pin assignment is controlled by the I2C1SEL
Configuration bit. Programming this bit (= 0) multiplexes
the module to the SCL1 and SDA1 pins.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 139
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 17-1:
I2C™ BLOCK DIAGRAM
Internal
Data Bus
I2C1RCV
SCL1
Read
Shift
Clock
I2C1RSR
LSB
SDA1
Address Match
Match Detect
Write
I2C1MSK
Write
Read
I2C1ADD
Read
Start and Stop
Bit Detect
Write
Start and Stop
Bit Generation
Control Logic
I2C1STAT
Collision
Detect
Read
Write
I2C1CON
Acknowledge
Generation
Read
Clock
Stretching
Write
I2C1TRN
LSB
Read
Shift Clock
Reload
Control
BRG Down Counter
Write
I2C1BRG
Read
TCY/2
DS39927C-page 140
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
17.3
Setting Baud Rate When
Operating as a Bus Master
17.4
The I2C1MSK register (Register 17-3) designates
address bit positions as “don’t care” for both 7-Bit and
10-Bit Addressing modes. Setting a particular bit
location (= 1) in the I2C1MSK register causes the slave
module to respond whether the corresponding address
bit value is ‘0’ or ‘1’. For example, when I2C1MSK is set
to ‘00100000’, the slave module will detect both
addresses: ‘0000000’ and ‘00100000’.
To compute the Baud Rate Generator (BRG) reload
value, use Equation 17-1.
EQUATION 17-1:
Slave Address Masking
COMPUTING BAUD RATE
RELOAD VALUE(1)
FCY
FSCL = --------------------------------------------------------------------FCY
I2C1BRG + 1 + ----------------------------10 000 000
or
To enable address masking, the Intelligent Peripheral
Management Interface (IPMI) must be disabled by
clearing the IPMIEN bit (I2C1CON).
Note:
FCY
FCY
I2C1BRG = ------------ – ------------------------------ – 1
FSCL 10 000 000
Note 1: Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and
PLL are disabled.
As a result of changes in the I2C protocol,
the addresses in Table 17-2 are reserved
and will not be Acknowledged in Slave
mode. This includes any address mask
settings that include any of these
addresses.
I2C™ CLOCK RATES(1)
TABLE 17-1:
Required
System
FSCL
FCY
I2C1BRG Value
100 kHz
100 kHz
(Decimal)
(Hexadecimal)
Actual
FSCL
16 MHz
157
9D
100 kHz
8 MHz
78
4E
100 kHz
100 kHz
4 MHz
39
27
99 kHz
400 kHz
16 MHz
37
25
404 kHz
400 kHz
8 MHz
18
12
404 kHz
400 kHz
4 MHz
9
9
385 kHz
400 kHz
2 MHz
4
4
385 kHz
1 MHz
16 MHz
13
D
1.026 MHz
1 MHz
8 MHz
6
6
1.026 MHz
1 MHz
4 MHz
3
3
0.909 MHz
Note 1:
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled;
TABLE 17-2:
I2C™ RESERVED ADDRESSES(1)
Slave
Address
R/W
Bit
0000 000
0
General Call Address(2)
0000 000
1
Start Byte
0000 001
x
Cbus Address
0000 010
x
Reserved
0000 011
x
Reserved
0000 1xx
x
HS Mode Master Code
1111 1xx
x
Reserved
1111 0xx
x
10-Bit Slave Upper Byte(3)
Note 1:
2:
3:
Description
The address bits listed here will never cause an address match, independent of the address mask settings.
The address will be Acknowledged only if GCEN = 1.
A match on this address can only occur on the upper byte in 10-Bit Addressing mode.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 141
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 17-1:
I2C1CON: I2C1 CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-1 HC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
I2CEN
—
I2CSIDL
SCLREL
IPMIEN
A10M
DISSLW
SMEN
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0, HC
R/W-0, HC
R/W-0, HC
R/W-0, HC
R/W-0, HC
GCEN
STREN
ACKDT
ACKEN
RCEN
PEN
RSEN
SEN
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
I2CEN: I2C1 Enable bit
1 = Enables the I2C1 module and configures the SDA1 and SCL1 pins as serial port pins
0 = Disables the I2C1 module; all I2C™ pins are controlled by port functions
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
I2CSIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinues module operation when device enters an Idle mode
0 = Continues module operation in Idle mode
bit 12
SCLREL: SCL1 Release Control bit (when operating as I2C slave)
1 = Releases SCL1 clock
0 = Holds SCL1 clock low (clock stretch)
If STREN = 1:
Bit is R/W (i.e., software may write ‘0’ to initiate stretch and write ‘1’ to release clock). Hardware is clear
at the beginning of slave transmission; hardware is clear at the end of slave reception.
If STREN = 0:
Bit is R/S (i.e., software may only write ‘1’ to release clock). Hardware is clear at the beginning of slave
transmission.
bit 11
IPMIEN: Intelligent Peripheral Management Interface (IPMI) Enable bit
1 = IPMI Support mode is enabled; all addresses are Acknowledged
0 = IPMI Support mode is disabled
bit 10
A10M: 10-Bit Slave Addressing bit
1 = I2C1ADD is a 10-bit slave address
0 = I2C1ADD is a 7-bit slave address
bit 9
DISSLW: Disable Slew Rate Control bit
1 = Slew rate control is disabled
0 = Slew rate control is enabled
bit 8
SMEN: SMBus Input Levels bit
1 = Enables I/O pin thresholds compliant with the SMBus specification
0 = Disables the SMBus input thresholds
bit 7
GCEN: General Call Enable bit (when operating as I2C slave)
1 = Enables interrupt when a general call address is received in the I2C1RSR (module is enabled for
reception)
0 = General call address is disabled
bit 6
STREN: SCL1 Clock Stretch Enable bit (when operating as I2C slave)
Used in conjunction with the SCLREL bit.
1 = Enables software or receive clock stretching
0 = Disables software or receive clock stretching
DS39927C-page 142
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 17-1:
I2C1CON: I2C1 CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 5
ACKDT: Acknowledge Data bit (when operating as I2C master; applicable during master receive)
Value that will be transmitted when the software initiates an Acknowledge sequence.
1 = Sends NACK during Acknowledge
0 = Sends ACK during Acknowledge
bit 4
ACKEN: Acknowledge Sequence Enable bit
(when operating as I2C master; applicable during master receive)
1 = Initiates Acknowledge sequence on SDA1 and SCL1 pins and transmits ACKDT data bit; hardware
is clear at the end of the master Acknowledge sequence
0 = Acknowledge sequence is not in progress
bit 3
RCEN: Receive Enable bit (when operating as I2C master)
1 = Enables Receive mode for I2C; hardware is clear at the end of eighth bit of master receive data byte
0 = Receive sequence not in progress
bit 2
PEN: Stop Condition Enable bit (when operating as I2C master)
1 = Initiates Stop condition on SDA1 and SCL1 pins; hardware is clear at end of master Stop sequence
0 = Stop condition is not in progress
bit 1
RSEN: Repeated Start Condition Enable bit (when operating as I2C master)
1 = Initiates Repeated Start condition on SDA1 and SCL1 pins; hardware is clear at end of master
Repeated Start sequence
0 = Repeated Start condition is not in progress
bit 0
SEN: Start Condition Enable bit (when operating as I2C master)
1 = Initiates Start condition on SDA1 and SCL1 pins; hardware is clear at end of master Start sequence
0 = Start condition is not in progress
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 143
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 17-2:
I2C1STAT: I2C1 STATUS REGISTER
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/C-0, HS
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
ACKSTAT
TRSTAT
—
—
—
BCL
GCSTAT
ADD10
bit 15
bit 8
R/C-0, HS R/C-0, HS
IWCOL
I2COV
R-0, HSC
R/C-0, HSC R/C-0, HSC
D/A
P
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R/W
RBF
TBF
S
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
C = Clearable bit
HS = Hardware Settable bit
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
ACKSTAT: Acknowledge Status bit
1 = NACK was detected last
0 = ACK was detected last
Hardware is set or clear at of Acknowledge.
bit 14
TRSTAT: Transmit Status bit
(When operating as I2C™ master; applicable to master transmit operation.)
1 = Master transmit is in progress (8 bits + ACK)
0 = Master transmit is not in progress
Hardware is set at beginning of master transmission; hardware is clear at end of slave Acknowledge.
bit 13-11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10
BCL: Master Bus Collision Detect bit
1 = A bus collision has been detected during a master operation
0 = No collision
Hardware is set at detection of bus collision.
bit 9
GCSTAT: General Call Status bit
1 = General call address was received
0 = General call address was not received
Hardware is set when address matches general call address; hardware is clear at Stop detection.
bit 8
ADD10: 10-Bit Address Status bit
1 = 10-bit address was matched
0 = 10-bit address was not matched
Hardware is set at match of 2nd byte of matched 10-bit address; hardware is clear at Stop detection.
bit 7
IWCOL: Write Collision Detect bit
1 = An attempt to write to the I2C1TRN register failed because the I2C module is busy
0 = No collision
Hardware is set at occurrence of write to I2C1TRN while busy (cleared by software).
bit 6
I2COV: Receive Overflow Flag bit
1 = A byte was received while the I2C1RCV register is still holding the previous byte
0 = No overflow
Hardware is set at attempt to transfer to I2C1RCV (cleared by software).
bit 5
D/A: Data/Address bit (when operating as I2C slave)
1 = Indicates that the last byte received was data
0 = Indicates that the last byte received was the device address
Hardware is clear at device address match; hardware is set by a write to I2C1TRN or by reception of slave byte.
bit 4
P: Stop bit
1 = Indicates that a Stop bit has been detected last
0 = Stop bit was not detected last
Hardware is set or clear when Start, Repeated Start or Stop is detected.
DS39927C-page 144
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 17-2:
I2C1STAT: I2C1 STATUS REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 3
S: Start bit
1 = Indicates that a Start (or Repeated Start) bit has been detected last
0 = Start bit was not detected last
Hardware is set or clear when Start, Repeated Start or Stop is detected.
bit 2
R/W: Read/Write Information bit (when operating as I2C slave)
1 = Read – indicates the data transfer is output from slave
0 = Write – indicates the data transfer is input to slave
Hardware is set or clear after reception of I2C device address byte.
bit 1
RBF: Receive Buffer Full Status bit
1 = Receive complete, I2C1RCV is full
0 = Receive not complete, I2C1RCV is empty
Hardware is set when I2C1RCV is written with received byte; hardware is clear when software reads I2C1RCV.
bit 0
TBF: Transmit Buffer Full Status bit
1 = Transmit in progress, I2C1TRN is full
0 = Transmit complete, I2C1TRN is empty
Hardware is set when software writes to I2C1TRN; hardware is clear at completion of data transmission.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 145
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 17-3:
I2C1MSK: I2C1 SLAVE MODE ADDRESS MASK REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
AMSK9
AMSK8
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
AMSK7
AMSK6
AMSK5
AMSK4
AMSK3
AMSK2
AMSK1
AMSK0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-10
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 9-0
AMSK: Mask for Address Bit x Select bits
1 = Enable masking for bit x of incoming message address; bit match is not required in this position
0 = Disable masking for bit x; bit match is required in this position
REGISTER 17-4:
PADCFG1: PAD CONFIGURATION CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
U-0
—
bit 8
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
SMBUSDEL
OC1TRIS(2,3)
RTSECSEL1(1,3)
RTSECSEL0(1,3)
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
SMBUSDEL: SMBus SDA Input Delay Select bit
1 = The I2C module is configured for a longer SMBus input delay (nominal 300 ns delay)
0 = The 12C module is configured for a legacy input delay (nominal 150 ns delay)
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
2:
3:
To enable the actual RTCC output, the RTCOE (RCFGCAL) bit needs to be set.
To enable the actual OC1 output, the OCPWM1 module has to be enabled.
Bits are described in related chapters.
DS39927C-page 146
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
18.0
Note:
UNIVERSAL ASYNCHRONOUS
RECEIVER TRANSMITTER
(UART)
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on the Universal Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter, refer to the “PIC24F Family
Reference Manual”, Section 21. “UART”
(DS39708).
The Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter
(UART) module is one of the serial I/O modules available in this PIC24F device family. The UART is a
full-duplex asynchronous system that can communicate
with peripheral devices, such as personal computers,
LIN, RS-232 and RS-485 interfaces. This module also
supports a hardware flow control option with the UxCTS
and UxRTS pins, and also includes an IrDA® encoder
and decoder.
The primary features of the UART module are:
• Full-Duplex, 8-Bit or 9-Bit Data Transmission
through the UxTX and UxRX Pins
• Even, Odd or No Parity Options (for 8-bit data)
• One or Two Stop bits
• Hardware Flow Control Option with UxCTS and
UxRTS pins
FIGURE 18-1:
• Fully Integrated Baud Rate Generator (IBRG) with
16-Bit Prescaler
• Baud Rates Ranging from 1 Mbps to 15 bps at
16 MIPS
• 4-Deep, First-In-First-Out (FIFO) Transmit Data
Buffer
• 4-Deep FIFO Receive Data Buffer
• Parity, Framing and Buffer Overrun Error
Detection
• Support for 9-Bit mode with Address Detect (9th
bit = 1)
• Transmit and Receive Interrupts
• Loopback mode for Diagnostic Support
• Support for Sync and Break Characters
• Supports Automatic Baud Rate Detection
• IrDA Encoder and Decoder Logic
• 16x Baud Clock Output for IrDA Support
A simplified block diagram of the UART is displayed in
Figure 18-1. The UART module consists of these
important hardware elements:
• Baud Rate Generator
• Asynchronous Transmitter
• Asynchronous Receiver
UART SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM
Baud Rate Generator
IrDA®
Hardware Flow Control
UxBCLK
UxRTS
UxCTS
UARTx Receiver
UxRX
UARTx Transmitter
UxTX
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 147
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
18.1
UART Baud Rate Generator (BRG)
The UART module includes a dedicated 16-bit Baud
Rate Generator (BRG). The UxBRG register controls
the period of a free-running, 16-bit timer. Equation 18-1
provides the formula for computation of the baud rate
with BRGH = 0.
EQUATION 18-1:
Baud Rate =
The maximum baud rate (BRGH = 0) possible is
FCY/16 (for UxBRG = 0) and the minimum baud rate
possible is FCY/(16 * 65536).
Equation 18-2 provides the formula for computation of
the baud rate with BRGH = 1.
EQUATION 18-2:
UART BAUD RATE WITH
BRGH = 0(1)
Baud Rate =
FCY
16 • (UxBRG + 1)
UxBRG =
UxBRG =
FCY
–1
16 • Baud Rate
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode
and PLL are disabled.
Note 1:
Example 18-1 provides the calculation of the baud rate
error for the following conditions:
• FCY = 4 MHz
• Desired Baud Rate = 9600
EXAMPLE 18-1:
Desired Baud Rate
UART BAUD RATE WITH
BRGH = 1(1)
Note 1:
FCY
4 • (UxBRG + 1)
FCY
4 • Baud Rate
–1
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode
and PLL are disabled.
The maximum baud rate (BRGH = 1) possible is FCY/4
(for UxBRG = 0) and the minimum baud rate possible
is FCY/(4 * 65536).
Writing a new value to the UxBRG register causes the
BRG timer to be reset (cleared). This ensures the BRG
does not wait for a timer overflow before generating the
new baud rate.
BAUD RATE ERROR CALCULATION (BRGH = 0)(1)
= FCY/(16 (UxBRG + 1))
Solving for UxBRG value:
UxBRG
UxBRG
UxBRG
= ((FCY/Desired Baud Rate)/16) – 1
= ((4000000/9600)/16) – 1
= 25
Calculated Baud Rate = 4000000/(16 (25 + 1))
= 9615
Error
Note 1:
= (Calculated Baud Rate – Desired Baud Rate)
Desired Baud Rate
= (9615 – 9600)/9600
= 0.16%
Based on FCY = FOSC/2; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
DS39927C-page 148
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
18.2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Set up the UART:
a) Write appropriate values for data, parity and
Stop bits.
b) Write appropriate baud rate value to the
UxBRG register.
c) Set up transmit and receive interrupt enable
and priority bits.
Enable the UART.
Set the UTXEN bit (causes a transmit interrupt
two cycles after being set).
Write data byte to lower byte of UxTXREG word.
The value will be immediately transferred to the
Transmit Shift Register (TSR) and the serial bit
stream will start shifting out with the next rising
edge of the baud clock.
Alternately, the data byte may be transferred
while UTXEN = 0, and then, the user may set
UTXEN. This will cause the serial bit stream to
begin immediately because the baud clock will
start from a cleared state.
A transmit interrupt will be generated as per
interrupt control bit, UTXISELx.
18.3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Transmitting in 8-Bit Data Mode
Transmitting in 9-Bit Data Mode
Set up the UART (as described in Section 18.2
“Transmitting in 8-Bit Data Mode”).
Enable the UART.
Set the UTXEN bit (causes a transmit interrupt
two cycles after being set).
Write UxTXREG as a 16-bit value only.
A word write to UxTXREG triggers the transfer
of the 9-bit data to the TSR. The serial bit stream
will start shifting out with the first rising edge of
the baud clock.
A transmit interrupt will be generated as per the
setting of control bit, UTXISELx.
18.4
Break and Sync Transmit
Sequence
The following sequence will send a message frame
header made up of a Break, followed by an auto-baud
Sync byte.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Configure the UART for the desired mode.
Set UTXEN and UTXBRK – sets up the Break
character.
Load the UxTXREG with a dummy character to
initiate transmission (value is ignored).
Write ‘55h’ to UxTXREG – loads the Sync
character into the transmit FIFO.
After the Break has been sent, the UTXBRK bit
is reset by hardware. The Sync character now
transmits.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
18.5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Receiving in 8-Bit or 9-Bit Data
Mode
Set up the UART (as described in Section 18.2
“Transmitting in 8-Bit Data Mode”).
Enable the UART.
A receive interrupt will be generated when one
or more data characters have been received, as
per interrupt control bit, URXISELx.
Read the OERR bit to determine if an overrun
error has occurred. The OERR bit must be reset
in software.
Read UxRXREG.
The act of reading the UxRXREG character will move
the next character to the top of the receive FIFO,
including a new set of PERR and FERR values.
18.6
Operation of UxCTS and UxRTS
Control Pins
UARTx Clear to Send (UxCTS) and Request to Send
(UxRTS) are the two hardware-controlled pins that are
associated with the UART module. These two pins
allow the UART to operate in Simplex and Flow Control
modes. They are implemented to control the
transmission and reception between the Data Terminal
Equipment (DTE). The UEN bits in the UxMODE
register configure these pins.
18.7
Infrared Support
The UART module provides two types of infrared UART
support: one is the IrDA clock output to support an
external IrDA encoder and decoder device (legacy
module support), and the other is the full
implementation of the IrDA encoder and decoder.
As the IrDA modes require a 16x baud clock, they will
only work when the BRGH bit (UxMODE) is ‘0’.
18.7.1
EXTERNAL IrDA SUPPORT – IrDA
CLOCK OUTPUT
To support external IrDA encoder and decoder devices,
the UxBCLK pin (same as the UxRTS pin) can be
configured to generate the 16x baud clock. When
UEN = 11, the UxBCLK pin will output the 16x
baud clock if the UART module is enabled; it can be
used to support the IrDA codec chip.
18.7.2
BUILT-IN IrDA ENCODER AND
DECODER
The UART has full implementation of the IrDA encoder
and decoder as part of the UART module. The built-in
IrDA encoder and decoder functionality is enabled
using the IREN bit (UxMODE). When enabled
(IREN = 1), the receive pin (UxRX) acts as the input
from the infrared receiver. The transmit pin (UxTX) acts
as the output to the infrared transmitter.
DS39927C-page 149
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 18-1:
UxMODE: UARTx MODE REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0(2)
R/W-0(2)
UARTEN
—
USIDL
IREN(1)
RTSMD
—
UEN1
UEN0
bit 15
bit 8
R/C-0, HC
R/W-0
R/W-0, HC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
WAKE
LPBACK
ABAUD
RXINV
BRGH
PDSEL1
PDSEL0
STSEL
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
C = Clearable bit
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
UARTEN: UARTx Enable bit
1 = UARTx is enabled; all UARTx pins are controlled by UARTx as defined by UEN
0 = UARTx is disabled; all UARTx pins are controlled by port latches; UARTx power consumption is
minimal
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
USIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12
IREN: IrDA® Encoder and Decoder Enable bit(1)
1 = IrDA encoder and decoder are enabled
0 = IrDA encoder and decoder are disabled
bit 11
RTSMD: Mode Selection for UxRTS Pin bit
1 = UxRTS pin is in Simplex mode
0 = UxRTS pin is in Flow Control mode
bit 10
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 9-8
UEN: UARTx Enable bits(2)
11 = UxTX, UxRX and UxBCLK pins are enabled and used; UxCTS pin is controlled by port latches
10 = UxTX, UxRX, UxCTS and UxRTS pins are enabled and used
01 = UxTX, UxRX and UxRTS pins are enabled and used; UxCTS pin is controlled by port latches
00 = UxTX and UxRX pins are enabled and used; UxCTS and UxRTS/UxBCLK pins are controlled by port
latches
bit 7
WAKE: Wake-up on Start Bit Detect During Sleep Mode Enable bit
1 = UARTx will continue to sample the UxRX pin; interrupt generated on falling edge, bit is cleared in
hardware on the following rising edge
0 = No wake-up is enabled
bit 6
LPBACK: UARTx Loopback Mode Select bit
1 = Enable Loopback mode
0 = Loopback mode is disabled
bit 5
ABAUD: Auto-Baud Enable bit
1 = Enable baud rate measurement on the next character – requires reception of a Sync field (55h);
cleared in hardware upon completion
0 = Baud rate measurement is disabled or completed
bit 4
RXINV: Receive Polarity Inversion bit
1 = UxRX Idle state is ‘0’
0 = UxRX Idle state is ‘1’
Note 1:
2:
This feature is only available for the 16x BRG mode (BRGH = 0).
Bit availability depends on pin availability.
DS39927C-page 150
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 18-1:
UxMODE: UARTx MODE REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 3
BRGH: High Baud Rate Enable bit
1 = BRG generates 4 clocks per bit period (4x baud clock, High-Speed mode)
0 = BRG generates 16 clocks per bit period (16x baud clock, Standard mode)
bit 2-1
PDSEL: Parity and Data Selection bits
11 = 9-bit data, no parity
10 = 8-bit data, odd parity
01 = 8-bit data, even parity
00 = 8-bit data, no parity
bit 0
STSEL: Stop Bit Selection bit
1 = Two Stop bits
0 = One Stop bit
Note 1:
2:
This feature is only available for the 16x BRG mode (BRGH = 0).
Bit availability depends on pin availability.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 151
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 18-2:
UxSTA: UARTx STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0, HC
R/W-0
R-0, HSC
R-1, HSC
UTXISEL1
UTXINV
UTXISEL0
—
UTXBRK
UTXEN
UTXBF
TRMT
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R-1, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R/C-0, HS
R-0, HSC
URXISEL1
URXISEL0
ADDEN
RIDLE
PERR
FERR
OERR
URXDA
bit 7
bit 0
HC = Hardware Clearable bit
Legend:
C = Clearable bit
HS = Hardware Settable bit HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15,13
UTXISEL: Transmission Interrupt Mode Selection bits
11 = Reserved; do not use
10 = Interrupt when a character is transferred to the Transmit Shift Register (TSR), and as a result,
the transmit buffer becomes empty
01 = Interrupt when the last character is shifted out of the Transmit Shift Register; all transmit operations
are completed
00 = Interrupt when a character is transferred to the Transmit Shift Register (this implies there is at
least one character open in the transmit buffer)
bit 14
UTXINV: IrDA® Encoder Transmit Polarity Inversion bit
If IREN = 0:
1 = UxTX Idle ‘0’
0 = UxTX Idle ‘1’
If IREN = 1:
1 = UxTX Idle ‘1’
0 = UxTX Idle ‘0’
bit 12
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 11
UTXBRK: Transmit Break bit
1 = Send Sync Break on next transmission – Start bit, followed by twelve ‘0’ bits, followed by Stop bit;
cleared by hardware upon completion
0 = Sync Break transmission is disabled or completed
bit 10
UTXEN: Transmit Enable bit
1 = Transmit is enabled, UxTX pin is controlled by UARTx
0 = Transmit is disabled, any pending transmission is aborted and buffer is reset. UxTX pin is controlled
by the PORT register.
bit 9
UTXBF: Transmit Buffer Full Status bit (read-only)
1 = Transmit buffer is full
0 = Transmit buffer is not full, at least one more character can be written
bit 8
TRMT: Transmit Shift Register Empty bit (read-only)
1 = Transmit Shift Register is empty and transmit buffer is empty (the last transmission has completed)
0 = Transmit Shift Register is not empty, a transmission is in progress or queued
bit 7-6
URXISEL: Receive Interrupt Mode Selection bits
11 = Interrupt is set on RSR transfer, making the receive buffer full (i.e., has 4 data characters)
10 = Interrupt is set on RSR transfer, making the receive buffer 3/4 full (i.e., has 3 data characters)
0x = Interrupt is set when any character is received and transferred from the RSR to the receive buffer;
receive buffer has one or more characters
DS39927C-page 152
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 18-2:
UxSTA: UARTx STATUS AND CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 5
ADDEN: Address Character Detect bit (bit 8 of received data = 1)
1 = Address Detect mode is enabled. If 9-bit mode is not selected, this does not take effect.
0 = Address Detect mode is disabled
bit 4
RIDLE: Receiver Idle bit (read-only)
1 = Receiver is Idle
0 = Receiver is active
bit 3
PERR: Parity Error Status bit (read-only)
1 = Parity error has been detected for the current character (character at the top of the receive FIFO)
0 = Parity error has not been detected
bit 2
FERR: Framing Error Status bit (read-only)
1 = Framing error has been detected for the current character (character at the top of the receive FIFO)
0 = Framing error has not been detected
bit 1
OERR: Receive Buffer Overrun Error Status bit (clear/read-only)
1 = Receive buffer has overflowed
0 = Receive buffer has not overflowed (clearing a previously set OERR bit (1 0 transition) will reset
the receiver buffer and the RSR to the empty state)
bit 0
URXDA: Receive Buffer Data Available bit (read-only)
1 = Receive buffer has data; at least one more character can be read
0 = Receive buffer is empty
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 153
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 18-3:
UxTXREG: UARTx TRANSMIT REGISTER
U-x
—
bit 15
U-x
—
U-x
—
U-x
—
U-x
—
U-x
—
U-x
—
W-x
UTX8
bit 8
W-x
UTX7
bit 7
W-x
UTX6
W-x
UTX5
W-x
UTX4
W-x
UTX3
W-x
UTX2
W-x
UTX1
W-x
UTX0
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15-9
bit 8
bit 7-0
U-0
—
bit 15
UxRXREG: UARTx RECEIVE REGISTER
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R-0, HSC
URX8
bit 8
R-0, HSC
URX6
R-0, HSC
URX5
R-0, HSC
URX4
R-0, HSC
URX3
R-0, HSC
URX2
R-0, HSC
URX1
R-0, HSC
URX0
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15-9
bit 8
bit 7-0
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
UTX8: Data of the Transmitted Character bit (in 9-bit mode)
UTX: Data of the Transmitted Character bits
REGISTER 18-4:
R-0, HSC
URX7
bit 7
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
URX8: Data of the Received Character bit (in 9-bit mode)
URX: Data of the Received Character bits
DS39927C-page 154
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
19.0
Note:
REAL-TIME CLOCK AND
CALENDAR (RTCC)
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information on the
Real-Time Clock and Calendar, refer to the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 29. “Real-Time Clock and
Calendar (RTCC)” (DS39696).
The RTCC provides the user with a Real-Time Clock
and Calendar (RTCC) function that can be calibrated.
Key features of the RTCC module are:
• Operates in Deep Sleep mode
• Selectable clock source
• Provides hours, minutes and seconds using
24-hour format
• Visibility of one half second period
• Provides calendar – weekday, date, month and
year
• Alarm-configurable for half a second, one second,
10 seconds, one minute, 10 minutes, one hour,
FIGURE 19-1:
one day, one week, one month or one year
Alarm repeat with decrementing counter
Alarm with indefinite repeat chime
Year 2000 to 2099 leap year correction
BCD format for smaller software overhead
Optimized for long-term battery operation
User calibration of the 32.768 kHz clock
crystal/32K INTRC frequency with periodic
auto-adjust
19.1
RTCC Source Clock
The user can select between the SOSC crystal
oscillator or the LPRC internal oscillator as the clock
reference for the RTCC module. This is configured
using the RTCOSC (FDS) Configuration bit. This
gives the user an option to trade off system cost,
accuracy and power consumption, based on the overall
system needs.
The RTCC will continue to run, along with its chosen
clock source, while the device is held in Reset with
MCLR and will continue running after MCLR is
released.
RTCC BLOCK DIAGRAM
CPU Clock Domain
RTCC Clock Domain
Input from
SOSC/LPRC
Oscillator
•
•
•
•
•
•
RCFGCAL
RTCC Prescalers
ALCFGRPT
RTCVAL
YEAR
MTHDY
WKDYHR
MINSEC
ALRMVAL
ALMTHDY
ALWDHR
ALMINSEC
0.5 Sec
RTCC Timer
Alarm
Event
Comparator
Alarm Registers with Masks
Repeat Counter
RTSECSEL
RTCC
Interrupt
RTCC Interrupt Logic
Alarm Pulse
Clock Source
1s
01
00
10
RTCC
Pin
RTCOE
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 155
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
19.2
TABLE 19-2:
RTCC Module Registers
The RTCC module registers are organized into three
categories:
ALRMPTR
• RTCC Control Registers
• RTCC Value Registers
• Alarm Value Registers
19.2.1
00
REGISTER MAPPING
To limit the register interface, the RTCC Timer and
Alarm Time registers are accessed through
corresponding register pointers. The RTCC Value
register window (RTCVALH and RTCVALL) uses the
RTCPTR bits (RCFGCAL) to select the desired
Timer register pair (see Table 19-1).
MINUTES
SECONDS
01
WEEKDAY
HOURS
10
MONTH
DAY
11
—
YEAR
ALRMWD
ALRMHR
ALRMMNTH
ALRMDAY
11
—
—
Note:
The Alarm Value register window (ALRMVALH
and ALRMVALL)
uses
the
ALRMPTR
bits
(ALCFGRPT) to select the desired Alarm register
pair (see Table 19-2).
19.2.3
By writing the ALRMVALH byte, the Alarm Pointer
value bits (ALRMPTR) decrement by one until
they reach ‘00’. Once they reach ‘00’, the ALRMMIN
and ALRMSEC value will be accessible through
ALRMVALH and ALRMVALL until the pointer value is
manually changed.
EXAMPLE 19-1:
asm
asm
asm
asm
asm
asm
asm
asm
asm
asm
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
volatile
DS39927C-page 156
ALRMSEC
This only applies to read operations and
not write operations.
WRITE LOCK
In order to perform a write to any of the RTCC Timer
registers, the RTCWREN bit (RCFGCAL) must be
set (refer to Example 19-1).
RTCPTR
00
ALRMMIN
10
19.2.2
RTCC Value Register Window
RTCVAL
ALRMVAL ALRMVAL
01
Note:
RTCVAL REGISTER MAPPING
RTCVAL
Alarm Value Register Window
Considering that the 16-bit core does not distinguish
between 8-bit and 16-bit read operations, the user must
be aware that when reading either the ALRMVALH or
ALRMVALL bytes, the ALRMPTR value will be
decremented. The same applies to the RTCVALH or
RTCVALL bytes with the RTCPTR being
decremented.
By writing the RTCVALH byte, the RTCC Pointer value,
the RTCPTR bits decrement by one until they
reach ‘00’. Once they reach ‘00’, the MINUTES and
SECONDS value will be accessible through RTCVALH
and RTCVALL until the pointer value is manually
changed.
TABLE 19-1:
ALRMVAL REGISTER
MAPPING
To avoid accidental writes to the timer, it is
recommended that the RTCWREN bit
(RCFGCAL) is kept clear at any
other time. For the RTCWREN bit to be
set, there is only one instruction cycle time
window allowed between the 55h/AA
sequence and the setting of RTCWREN;
therefore, it is recommended that code
follow the procedure in Example 19-1.
SELECTING RTCC CLOCK SOURCE
The clock source for the RTCC module can be selected
using the RTCOSC (FDS) bit. When the bit is set to
‘1’, the Secondary Oscillator (SOSC) is used as the reference clock and when the bit is ‘0’, LPRC is used as
the reference clock.
SETTING THE RTCWREN BIT
("push w7")
("push w8")
("disi #5")
("mov #0x55, w7")
("mov w7, _NVMKEY")
("mov #0xAA, w8")
("mov w8, _NVMKEY")
("bset _RCFGCAL, #13")
("pop w8")
("pop w7");
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
; //set the RTCWREN bit
;
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
19.2.4
RTCC CONTROL REGISTERS
REGISTER 19-1: RCFGCAL: RTCC CALIBRATION AND CONFIGURATION REGISTER(1)
R/W-0
RTCEN
(2)
U-0
R/W-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
RTCWREN
RTCSYNC
HALFSEC(3)
RTCOE
RTCPTR1
RTCPTR0
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
CAL7
CAL6
CAL5
CAL4
CAL3
CAL2
CAL1
CAL0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
RTCEN: RTCC Enable bit(2)
1 = RTCC module is enabled
0 = RTCC module is disabled
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
RTCWREN: RTCC Value Registers Write Enable bit
1 = RTCVALH and RTCVALL registers can be written to by the user
0 = RTCVALH and RTCVALL registers are locked out from being written to by the user
bit 12
RTCSYNC: RTCC Value Registers Read Synchronization bit
1 = RTCVALH, RTCVALL and ALCFGRPT registers can change while reading due to a rollover ripple,
resulting in an invalid data read. If the register is read twice and results in the same data, the data
can be assumed to be valid.
0 = RTCVALH, RTCVALL or ALCFGRPT registers can be read without concern over a rollover ripple
bit 11
HALFSEC: Half Second Status bit(3)
1 = Second half period of a second
0 = First half period of a second
bit 10
RTCOE: RTCC Output Enable bit
1 = RTCC output is enabled
0 = RTCC output is disabled
bit 9-8
RTCPTR: RTCC Value Register Window Pointer bits
Points to the corresponding RTCC Value registers when reading the RTCVALH and RTCVALL registers.
The RTCPTR value decrements on every read or write of RTCVALH until it reaches ‘00’.
RTCVAL:
00 = MINUTES
01 = WEEKDAY
10 = MONTH
11 = Reserved
RTCVAL:
00 = SECONDS
01 = HOURS
10 = DAY
11 = YEAR
Note 1:
2:
3:
The RCFGCAL register is only affected by a POR.
A write to the RTCEN bit is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
This bit is read-only; it is cleared to ‘0’ on a write to the lower half of the MINSEC register.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 157
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 19-1: RCFGCAL: RTCC CALIBRATION AND CONFIGURATION REGISTER(1) (CONTINUED)
bit 7-0
Note 1:
2:
3:
CAL: RTC Drift Calibration bits
01111111 = Maximum positive adjustment; adds 508 RTC clock pulses every one minute
.
.
.
01111111 = Minimum positive adjustment; adds 4 RTC clock pulses every one minute
00000000 = No adjustment
11111111 = Minimum negative adjustment; subtracts 4 RTC clock pulses every one minute
.
.
.
10000000 = Maximum negative adjustment; subtracts 512 RTC clock pulses every one minute
The RCFGCAL register is only affected by a POR.
A write to the RTCEN bit is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
This bit is read-only; it is cleared to ‘0’ on a write to the lower half of the MINSEC register.
REGISTER 19-2:
PADCFG1: PAD CONFIGURATION CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
—
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
SMBUSDEL
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
OC1TRIS
RTSECSEL1(1)
RTSECSEL0(1)
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4-3
Described in Section 15.0 “Output Compare” and Section 17.0 “Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C™)”.
bit 2-1
RTSECSEL: RTCC Seconds Clock Output Select bits(1)
11 = Reserved; do not use
10 = RTCC source clock is selected for the RTCC pin (can be LPRC or SOSC, depending on the
RTCOSC (FDS) bit setting)
01 = RTCC seconds clock is selected for the RTCC pin
00 = RTCC alarm pulse is selected for the RTCC pin
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
Note 1:
To enable the actual RTCC output, the RTCOE (RCFGCAL) bit needs to be set.
DS39927C-page 158
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 19-3:
ALCFGRPT: ALARM CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/W-0
ALRMEN
bit 15
R/W-0
CHIME
R/W-0
AMASK3
R/W-0
AMASK2
R/W-0
AMASK1
R/W-0
AMASK0
R/W-0
ALRMPTR1
R/W-0
ARPT7
bit 7
R/W-0
ARPT6
R/W-0
ARPT5
R/W-0
ARPT4
R/W-0
ARPT3
R/W-0
ARPT2
R/W-0
ARPT1
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15
bit 14
bit 13-10
bit 9-8
bit 7-0
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
R/W-0
ALRMPTR0
bit 8
R/W-0
ARPT0
bit 0
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
ALRMEN: Alarm Enable bit
1 = Alarm is enabled (cleared automatically after an alarm event whenever ARPT = 00h and
CHIME = 0)
0 = Alarm is disabled
CHIME: Chime Enable bit
1 = Chime is enabled; ARPT bits are allowed to roll over from 00h to FFh
0 = Chime is disabled; ARPT bits stop once they reach 00h
AMASK: Alarm Mask Configuration bits
0000 = Every half second
0001 = Every second
0010 = Every 10 seconds
0011 = Every minute
0100 = Every 10 minutes
0101 = Every hour
0110 = Once a day
0111 = Once a week
1000 = Once a month
1001 = Once a year (except when configured for February 29th, once every 4 years)
101x = Reserved – do not use
11xx = Reserved – do not use
ALRMPTR: Alarm Value Register Window Pointer bits
Points to the corresponding Alarm Value registers when reading the ALRMVALH and ALRMVALL registers.
The ALRMPTR value decrements on every read or write of ALRMVALH until it reaches ‘00’.
ALRMVAL:
00 = ALRMMIN
01 = ALRMWD
10 = ALRMMNTH
11 = Unimplemented
ALRMVAL:
00 = ALRMSEC
01 = ALRMHR
10 = ALRMDAY
11 = Unimplemented
ARPT: Alarm Repeat Counter Value bits
11111111 = Alarm will repeat 255 more times
.
.
.
00000000 = Alarm will not repeat
The counter decrements on any alarm event; it is prevented from rolling over from 00h to FFh unless
CHIME = 1.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 159
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
19.2.5
RTCVAL REGISTER MAPPINGS
REGISTER 19-4:
YEAR: YEAR VALUE REGISTER(1)
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
YRTEN3
YRTEN2
YRTEN2
YRTEN1
YRONE3
YRONE2
YRONE1
YRONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7-4
YRTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Year’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
bit 3-0
YRONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Year’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
Note 1:
A write to the YEAR register is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
REGISTER 19-5:
MTHDY: MONTH AND DAY VALUE REGISTER(1)
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
—
—
MTHTEN0
MTHONE3
MTHONE2
MTHONE1
MTHONE0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
—
DAYTEN1
DAYTEN0
DAYONE3
DAYONE2
DAYONE1
DAYONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-13
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 12
MTHTEN0: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Tens Digit bit
Contains a value of ‘0’ or ‘1’.
bit 11-8
MTHONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-4
DAYTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Day’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 3.
bit 3-0
DAYONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Day’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
Note 1:
A write to this register is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
DS39927C-page 160
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 19-6:
WKDYHR: WEEKDAY AND HOURS VALUE REGISTER(1)
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
—
—
—
—
WDAY2
WDAY1
WDAY0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
—
HRTEN1
HRTEN0
HRONE3
HRONE2
HRONE1
HRONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10-8
WDAY: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Weekday Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 6.
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-4
HRTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 2.
bit 3-0
HRONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
Note 1:
A write to this register is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
REGISTER 19-7:
MINSEC: MINUTES AND SECONDS VALUE REGISTER
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
MINTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 5.
bit 11-8
MINONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
SECTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 5.
bit 3-0
SECONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 161
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
19.2.6
ALRMVAL REGISTER MAPPINGS
REGISTER 19-8:
ALMTHDY: ALARM MONTH AND DAY VALUE REGISTER(1)
U-0
—
bit 15
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-x
MTHTEN0
R/W-x
MTHONE3
R/W-x
MTHONE2
R/W-x
MTHONE1
R/W-x
MTHONE0
bit 8
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-x
DAYTEN1
R/W-x
DAYTEN0
R/W-x
DAYONE3
R/W-x
DAYONE2
R/W-x
DAYONE1
R/W-x
DAYONE0
bit 0
bit 7
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15-13
bit 12
bit 11-8
bit 7-6
bit 5-4
bit 3-0
Note 1:
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
MTHTEN0: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Tens Digit bit
Contains a value of ‘0’ or ‘1’.
MTHONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Month’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DAYTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Day’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 3.
DAYONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Day’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
A write to this register is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
REGISTER 19-9:
ALWDHR: ALARM WEEKDAY AND HOURS VALUE REGISTER(1)
U-0
—
bit 15
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-x
WDAY2
R/W-x
WDAY1
R/W-x
WDAY0
bit 8
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-x
HRTEN1
R/W-x
HRTEN0
R/W-x
HRONE3
R/W-x
HRONE2
R/W-x
HRONE1
R/W-x
HRONE0
bit 0
bit 7
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15-11
bit 10-8
bit 7-6
bit 5-4
bit 3-0
Note 1:
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
WDAY: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Weekday Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 6.
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
HRTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 2.
HRONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Hour’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
A write to this register is only allowed when RTCWREN = 1.
DS39927C-page 162
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 19-10: ALMINSEC: ALARM MINUTES AND SECONDS VALUE REGISTER
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
MINTEN2
MINTEN1
MINTEN0
MINONE3
MINONE2
MINONE1
MINONE0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
R/W-x
—
SECTEN2
SECTEN1
SECTEN0
SECONE3
SECONE2
SECONE1
SECONE0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 14-12
MINTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 5.
bit 11-8
MINONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Minute’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
bit 7
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 6-4
SECTEN: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Tens Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 5.
bit 3-0
SECONE: Binary Coded Decimal Value of Second’s Ones Digit bits
Contains a value from 0 to 9.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 163
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
19.3
Calibration
The real-time crystal input can be calibrated using the
periodic auto-adjust feature. When properly calibrated,
the RTCC can provide an error of less than 3 seconds
per month. This is accomplished by finding the number
of error clock pulses and storing the value into the
lower half of the RCFGCAL register. The 8-bit signed
value loaded into the lower half of RCFGCAL is
multiplied by four and will either be added or subtracted
from the RTCC timer, once every minute. Refer to the
steps below for RTCC calibration:
1.
2.
3.
Using another timer resource on the device, the
user must find the error of the 32.768 kHz crystal.
Once the error is known, it must be converted to
the number of error clock pulses per minute.
a) If the oscillator is faster than ideal (negative
result form Step 2), the RCFGCAL register value
must be negative. This causes the specified
number of clock pulses to be subtracted from
the timer counter, once every minute.
b) If the oscillator is slower than ideal (positive
result from Step 2), the RCFGCAL register value
must be positive. This causes the specified
number of clock pulses to be subtracted from
the timer counter, once every minute.
Divide the number of error clocks, per minute by 4, to
get the correct calibration value and load the
RCFGCAL register with the correct value. (Each 1-bit
increment in the calibration adds or subtracts 4 pulses).
EQUATION 19-1:
(Ideal Frequency† – Measured Frequency) * 60 =
Clocks per Minute
† Ideal Frequency = 32,768 Hz
Writes to the lower half of the RCFGCAL register
should only occur when the timer is turned off, or
immediately after the rising edge of the seconds pulse.
Note:
19.4
It is up to the user to include in the error
value, the initial error of the crystal; drift
due to temperature and drift due to crystal
aging.
Alarm
• Configurable from half second to one year
• Enabled using the ALRMEN bit
(ALCFGRPT)
• One-time alarm and repeat alarm options
available
DS39927C-page 164
19.4.1
CONFIGURING THE ALARM
The alarm feature is enabled using the ALRMEN bit.
This bit is cleared when an alarm is issued. Writes to
ALRMVAL should only take place when ALRMEN = 0.
As displayed in Figure 19-2, the interval selection of the
alarm is configured through the AMASK bits
(ALCFGRPT). These bits determine which and
how many digits of the alarm must match the clock
value for the alarm to occur.
The alarm can also be configured to repeat based on a
preconfigured interval. The amount of times this
occurs, once the alarm is enabled, is stored in the
ARPT bits (ALCFGRPT). When the value
of the ARPT bits equals 00h and the CHIME bit
(ALCFGRPT) is cleared, the repeat function is
disabled and only a single alarm will occur. The alarm
can be repeated, up to 255 times, by loading
ARPT with FFh.
After each alarm is issued, the value of the ARPT bits
is decremented by one. Once the value has reached
00h, the alarm will be issued one last time, after which,
the ALRMEN bit will be cleared automatically and the
alarm will turn off.
Indefinite repetition of the alarm can occur if the
CHIME bit = 1. Instead of the alarm being disabled
when the value of the ARPT bits reaches 00h, it rolls
over to FFh and continues counting indefinitely while
CHIME is set.
19.4.2
ALARM INTERRUPT
At every alarm event, an interrupt is generated. In
addition, an alarm pulse output is provided that
operates at half the frequency of the alarm. This output
is completely synchronous to the RTCC clock and can
be used as a trigger clock to other peripherals.
Note:
Changing any of the registers, other than
the RCFGCAL and ALCFGRPT registers,
and the CHIME bit while the alarm is
enabled (ALRMEN = 1), can result in a
false alarm event leading to a false alarm
interrupt. To avoid a false alarm event, the
timer and alarm values should only be
changed while the alarm is disabled
(ALRMEN = 0). It is recommended that
the ALCFGRPT register and the CHIME
bit be changed when RTCSYNC = 0.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 19-2:
ALARM MASK SETTINGS
Alarm Mask Setting
(AMASK)
Day of
the
Week
Month
Day
Hours
Minutes
Seconds
0000 - Every half second
0001 - Every second
0010 - Every 10 seconds
s
0011 - Every minute
s
s
m
s
s
m
m
s
s
0100 - Every 10 minutes
0101 - Every hour
0110 - Every day
0111 - Every week
d
1000 - Every month
1001 - Every year(1)
m
m
h
h
m
m
s
s
h
h
m
m
s
s
d
d
h
h
m
m
s
s
d
d
h
h
m
m
s
s
Note 1: Annually, except when configured for February 29.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 165
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 166
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
20.0
The programmable CRC generator offers the following
features:
PROGRAMMABLE CYCLIC
REDUNDANCY CHECK (CRC)
GENERATOR
Note:
• User-programmable polynomial CRC equation
• Interrupt output
• Data FIFO
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information on Programmable Cyclic Redundancy Check, refer to
the “PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 30. “Programmable Cyclic
Redundancy Check (CRC)” (DS39714).
The module implements a software-configurable CRC
generator. The terms of the polynomial and its length
can be programmed using the CRCXOR (X) bits
and the CRCCON (PLEN) bits, respectively.
Consider the CRC equation:
EQUATION 20-1:
The programmable Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
module in PIC24F devices is a software-configurable
CRC checksum generator. The CRC algorithm treats a
message as a binary bit stream and divides it by a fixed
binary number.
CRC
x16 + x12 + x5 + 1
To program this polynomial into the CRC generator, the
CRC register bits should be set as provided in
Table 20-1.
The remainder from this division is considered the
checksum. As in division, the CRC calculation is also
an iterative process. The only difference is that these
operations are done on modulo arithmetic based on
mod2. For example, division is replaced with the XOR
operation (i.e., subtraction without carry). The CRC
algorithm uses the term, polynomial, to perform all of
its calculations.
TABLE 20-1:
EXAMPLE CRC SETUP
Bit Name
Bit Value
PLEN
1111
X
000100000010000
The value of X, the 12th bit and the 5th bit are set
to ‘1’, as required by the equation. The 0 bit required by
the equation is always XORed. For a 16-bit polynomial,
the 16th bit is also always assumed to be XORed;
therefore, the X bits do not have the 0 bit or the
16th bit.
The divisor, dividend and remainder that are
represented by numbers are termed as polynomials
with binary coefficients.
The topology of a standard CRC generator is displayed
in Figure 20-2.
FIGURE 20-1:
CRC SHIFTER DETAILS
PLEN
0
1
2
15
CRC Shift Register
Hold
XOR
DOUT
OUT
IN
BIT 0
X1
0
1
clk
Hold
OUT
IN
BIT 1
clk
X2
0
1
Hold
OUT
IN
BIT 2
X3
X15
0
0
1
1
clk
Hold
OUT
IN
BIT 15
clk
CRC Read Bus
CRC Write Bus
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 167
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
CRC GENERATOR RECONFIGURED FOR x16 + x12 + x5 + 1
FIGURE 20-2:
XOR
D
Q
D
Q
D
Q
D
Q
D
Q
SDOx
BIT 0
BIT 4
BIT 5
BIT 12
BIT 15
clk
clk
clk
clk
clk
CRC Read Bus
CRC Write Bus
20.1
20.1.1
User Interface
DATA INTERFACE
To start serial shifting, a value of ‘1’ must be written to
the CRCGO bit.
The module incorporates a FIFO that is 8-level deep
when PLEN > 7 and 16-deep, otherwise. The
data for which the CRC is to be calculated must first be
written into the FIFO. The smallest data element that
can be written into the FIFO is one byte.
For example, if PLEN = 5, then the size of the data is
PLEN + 1 = 6. The data must be written as follows:
data = crc_input
data = bxx
Once data is written into the CRCWDAT MSb (as
defined by PLEN), the value of the VWORD bits
(CRCCON) increments by one. The serial
shifter starts shifting data into the CRC engine when
CRCGO = 1 and VWORD > 0. When the Most
Significant bit (MSb) is shifted out, the VWORD bits
decrement by one. The serial shifter continues shifting
until the VWORD bits reach zero. Therefore, for a given
value of PLEN, it will take (PLEN + 1) * VWORD
number of clock cycles to complete the CRC
calculations.
When the VWORD bits reach 8 (or 16), the CRCFUL bit
will be set. When the VWORD bits reach 0, the
CRCMPT bit will be set.
To continually feed data into the CRC engine, the
recommended mode of operation is to initially “prime”
the FIFO with a sufficient number of words so no
interrupt is generated before the next word can be
written. Once that is done, start the CRC by setting the
CRCGO bit to ‘1’. From that point onward, the VWORD
bits should be polled. If they read less than 8 or 16,
another word can be written into the FIFO.
DS39927C-page 168
To empty words already written into a FIFO, the
CRCGO bit must be set to ‘1’ and the CRC shifter
allowed to run until the CRCMPT bit is set.
Also, to get the correct CRC reading, it will be
necessary to wait for the CRCMPT bit to go high before
reading the CRCWDAT register.
If a word is written when the CRCFUL bit is set, the
VWORD Pointer will roll over to 0. The hardware will
then behave as if the FIFO is empty. However, the
condition to generate an interrupt will not be met;
therefore, no interrupt will be generated (see
Section 20.1.2 “Interrupt Operation”).
At least one instruction cycle must pass after a write to
CRCWDAT before a read of the VWORD bits is done.
20.1.2
INTERRUPT OPERATION
When the VWORD bits make a transition from a
value of ‘1’ to ‘0’, an interrupt will be generated.
20.2
20.2.1
Operation in Power Save Modes
SLEEP MODE
If Sleep mode is entered while the module is operating,
the module will be suspended in its current state until
clock execution resumes.
20.2.2
IDLE MODE
To continue full module operation in Idle mode, the
CSIDL bit must be cleared prior to entry into the mode.
If CSIDL = 1, the module will behave the same way as
it does in Sleep mode; pending interrupt events will be
passed on, even though the module clocks are not
available.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
20.3
Registers
There are four registers used to control programmable
CRC operation:
•
•
•
•
CRCCON
CRCXOR
CRCDAT
CRCWDAT
REGISTER 20-1:
CRCCON: CRC CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
—
—
CSIDL
VWORD4
VWORD3
VWORD2
VWORD1
VWORD0
bit 15
bit 8
R-0, HSC
R-1, HSC
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
CRCFUL
CRCMPT
—
CRCGO
PLEN3
PLEN2
PLEN1
PLEN0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
CSIDL: CRC Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-8
VWORD: Pointer Value bits
Indicates the number of valid words in the FIFO. Has a maximum value of 8 when PLEN > 7, or
16 when PLEN 7.
bit 7
CRCFUL: FIFO Full bit
1 = FIFO is full
0 = FIFO is not full
bit 6
CRCMPT: FIFO Empty Bit
1 = FIFO is empty
0 = FIFO is not empty
bit 5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
CRCGO: Start CRC bit
1 = Start CRC serial shifter
0 = CRC serial shifter is turned off
bit 3-0
PLEN: Polynomial Length bits
Denotes the length of the polynomial to be generated minus 1.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 169
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 20-2:
CRCXOR: CRC XOR POLYNOMIAL REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
X15
X14
X13
X12
X11
X10
X9
X8
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
X7
X6
X5
X4
X3
X2
X1
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-1
X: XOR of Polynomial Term Xn Enable bits
bit 0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 170
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
21.0
An interrupt flag is set if the device experiences an
excursion past the trip point in the direction of change.
If the interrupt is enabled, the program execution will
branch to the interrupt vector address and the software
can then respond to the interrupt.
HIGH/LOW-VOLTAGE DETECT
(HLVD)
Note:
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on the High/Low-Voltage Detect, refer to
the “PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 36. “High-Level Integration
with Programmable High/Low-Voltage
Detect (HLVD)” (DS39725).
The HLVD Control register (see Register 21-1)
completely controls the operation of the HLVD module.
This allows the circuitry to be “turned off” by the user
under software control, which minimizes the current
consumption for the device.
The High/Low-Voltage Detect module (HLVD) is a
programmable circuit that allows the user to specify
both the device voltage trip point and the direction of
change.
FIGURE 21-1:
VDD
HIGH/LOW-VOLTAGE DETECT (HLVD) MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM
Externally Generated
Trip Point
VDD
HLVDIN
HLVDL
16-to-1 MUX
HLVDEN
VDIR
Set
HLVDIF
Internal Band Gap
Voltage Reference
1.2V Typical
HLVDEN
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 171
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 21-1:
HLVDCON: HIGH/LOW-VOLTAGE DETECT CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
HLVDEN
—
HLSIDL
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
VDIR
BGVST
IRVST
—
HLVDL3
HLVDL2
HLVDL1
HLVDL0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
HLVDEN: High/Low-Voltage Detect Power Enable bit
1 = HLVD is enabled
0 = HLVD is disabled
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
HLSIDL: HLVD Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7
VDIR: Voltage Change Direction Select bit
1 = Event occurs when voltage equals or exceeds trip point (HLVDL)
0 = Event occurs when voltage equals or falls below trip point (HLVDL)
bit 6
BGVST: Band Gap Voltage Stable Flag bit
1 = Indicates that the band gap voltage is stable
0 = Indicates that the band gap voltage is unstable
bit 5
IRVST: Internal Reference Voltage Stable Flag bit
1 = Indicates that the internal reference voltage is stable and the High-Voltage Detect logic generates
the interrupt flag at the specified voltage range
0 = Indicates that the internal reference voltage is unstable and the High-Voltage Detect logic will not
generate the interrupt flag at the specified voltage range, and the HLVD interrupt should not be
enabled
bit 4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3-0
HLVDL: High/Low-Voltage Detection Limit bits
1111 = External analog input is used (input comes from the HLVDIN pin)
1110 = Trip Point 1(1)
1101 = Trip Point 2(1)
1100 = Trip Point 3(1)
.
.
.
0000 = Trip Point 15(1)
Note 1:
For actual trip point, refer to Section 29.0 “Electrical Characteristics”.
DS39927C-page 172
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
22.0
Note:
10-BIT HIGH-SPEED A/D
CONVERTER
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive
reference source. For more information
on the 10-Bit High-Speed A/D Converter,
refer to the “PIC24F Family Reference
Manual”, Section 17. “10-Bit A/D
Converter” (DS39705).
A block diagram of the A/D Converter is displayed in
Figure 22-1.
To perform an A/D conversion:
1.
The 10-bit A/D Converter has the following key
features:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Successive Approximation (SAR) conversion
Conversion speeds of up to 500 ksps
Nine analog input pins
External voltage reference input pins
Internal band gap reference inputs
Automatic Channel Scan mode
Selectable conversion trigger source
16-word conversion result buffer
Selectable Buffer Fill modes
Four result alignment options
Operation During CPU Sleep and Idle modes
2.
Configure the A/D module:
a) Configure port pins as analog inputs and/or
select band gap reference inputs
(AD1PCFG, AD1PCFG).
b) Select voltage reference source to match
expected range on analog inputs
(AD1CON2).
c) Select the analog conversion clock to match
the desired data rate with the processor
clock (AD1CON3).
d) Select the appropriate sample/conversion
sequence
(AD1CON1
and
AD1CON3).
e) Select how conversion results are
presented in the buffer (AD1CON1).
f) Select interrupt rate (AD1CON2).
g) Turn on A/D module (AD1CON1).
Configure A/D interrupt (if required):
a) Clear the AD1IF bit.
b) Select A/D interrupt priority.
On all PIC24F16KA102 family devices, the 10-bit A/D
Converter has nine analog input pins, designated AN0
through AN5 and AN10 through AN12. In addition,
there are two analog input pins for external voltage
reference connections (VREF+ and VREF-). These
voltage reference inputs may be shared with other
analog input pins.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 173
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 22-1:
10-BIT HIGH-SPEED A/D CONVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM
Internal Data Bus
AVDD
VREF+
VR Select
VR+
AVSS
16
VR-
VREF-
Comparator
VINH
VINL
S/H
VR- VR+
DAC
10-Bit SAR
VINH
Conversion Logic
MUX A
AN0
AN1
AN2
Data Formatting
AN1
AN3
VINL
ADC1BUF0:
ADC1BUFF
AN4
AN5
AD1CON1
AN10
AD1CON2
AN11
AD1CON3
AD1CHS
MUX B
AN12
VBG
VBG/2
AN1
VINH
AD1PCFG
AD1CSSL
VINL
Sample Control
Control Logic
Conversion Control
Input MUX Control
Pin Config Control
DS39927C-page 174
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 22-1:
AD1CON1: A/D CONTROL REGISTER 1
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ADON(1)
—
ADSIDL
—
—
—
FORM1
FORM0
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0, HSC
R/W-0, HSC
SSRC2
SSRC1
SSRC0
—
—
ASAM
SAMP
DONE
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
ADON: A/D Operating Mode bit(1)
1 = A/D Converter module is operating
0 = A/D Converter is off
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
ADSIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12-10
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 9-8
FORM: Data Output Format bits
11 = Signed fractional (sddd dddd dd00 0000)
10 = Fractional (dddd dddd dd00 0000)
01 = Signed integer (ssss sssd dddd dddd)
00 = Integer (0000 00dd dddd dddd)
bit 7-5
SSRC: Conversion Trigger Source Select bits
111 = Internal counter ends sampling and starts conversion (auto-convert)
110 = CTMU event ends sampling and starts conversion
101 = Reserved
100 = Reserved
011 = Reserved
010 = Timer3 compare ends sampling and starts conversion
001 = Active transition on INT0 pin ends sampling and starts conversion
000 = Clearing SAMP bit ends sampling and starts conversion
bit 4-3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2
ASAM: A/D Sample Auto-Start bit
1 = Sampling begins immediately after last conversion completes; SAMP bit is auto-set
0 = Sampling begins when SAMP bit is set
bit 1
SAMP: A/D Sample Enable bit
1 = A/D sample/hold amplifier is sampling input
0 = A/D sample/hold amplifier is holding
bit 0
DONE: A/D Conversion Status bit
1 = A/D conversion is done
0 = A/D conversion is not done
Note 1:
Values of ADC1BUFn registers will not retain their values once the ADON bit is cleared. Read out the
conversion values from the buffer before disabling the module.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 175
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 22-2:
AD1CON2: A/D CONTROL REGISTER 2
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
VCFG2
VCFG1
VCFG0
OFFCAL(1)
—
CSCNA
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
R-0, HSC
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
BUFS
—
SMPI3
SMPI2
SMPI1
SMPI0
BUFM
ALTS
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-13
x = Bit is unknown
VCFG: Voltage Reference Configuration bits
VCFG
VR+
VR-
000
AVDD
AVSS
001
External VREF+ pin
AVSS
010
AVDD
External VREF- pin
011
External VREF+ pin
External VREF- pin
1xx
AVDD
AVSS
bit 12
OFFCAL: Offset Calibration bit(1)
1 = Converts to get the offset calibration value
0 = Converts to get the actual input value
bit 11
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 10
CSCNA: Scan Input Selections for CH0+ S/H Input for MUX A Input Multiplexer Setting bit
1 = Scan inputs
0 = Do not scan inputs
bit 9-8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7
BUFS: Buffer Fill Status bit (valid only when BUFM = 1)
1 = A/D is currently filling buffer, 08-0F; user should access data in 00-07
0 = A/D is currently filling buffer, 00-07; user should access data in 08-0F
bit 6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-2
SMPI: Sample/Convert Sequences Per Interrupt Selection bits
1111 = Interrupts at the completion of conversion for each 16th sample/convert sequence
1110 = Interrupts at the completion of conversion for each 15th sample/convert sequence
.
.
.
0001 = Interrupts at the completion of conversion for each 2nd sample/convert sequence
0000 = Interrupts at the completion of conversion for each sample/convert sequence
Note 1:
When the OFFCAL bit is set, inputs are disconnected and tied to AVSS. This sets the inputs of the A/D to
zero. Then, the user can perform a conversion. Use of the Calibration mode is not affected by AD1PCFG
contents nor channel input selection. Any analog input switches are disconnected from the A/D Converter
in this mode. The conversion result is stored by the user software and used to compensate subsequent
conversions. This can be done by adding the two’s complement of the result obtained with the OFFCAL bit
set to all normal A/D conversions.
DS39927C-page 176
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 22-2:
AD1CON2: A/D CONTROL REGISTER 2 (CONTINUED)
bit 1
BUFM: Buffer Mode Select bit
1 = Buffer is configured as two 8-word buffers (ADC1BUFn and ADC1BUFn)
0 = Buffer is configured as one 16-word buffer (ADC1BUFn)
bit 0
ALTS: Alternate Input Sample Mode Select bit
1 = Uses MUX A input multiplexer settings for first sample, then alternates between MUX B and
MUX A input multiplexer settings for all subsequent samples
0 = Always uses MUX A input multiplexer settings
Note 1:
When the OFFCAL bit is set, inputs are disconnected and tied to AVSS. This sets the inputs of the A/D to
zero. Then, the user can perform a conversion. Use of the Calibration mode is not affected by AD1PCFG
contents nor channel input selection. Any analog input switches are disconnected from the A/D Converter
in this mode. The conversion result is stored by the user software and used to compensate subsequent
conversions. This can be done by adding the two’s complement of the result obtained with the OFFCAL bit
set to all normal A/D conversions.
REGISTER 22-3:
AD1CON3: A/D CONTROL REGISTER 3
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ADRC
—
—
SAMC4
SAMC3
SAMC2
SAMC1
SAMC0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
ADCS5
ADCS4
ADCS3
ADCS2
ADCS1
ADCS0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
ADRC: A/D Conversion Clock Source bit
1 = A/D internal RC clock
0 = Clock derived from system clock
bit 14-13
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 12-8
SAMC: Auto-Sample Time bits
11111 = 31 TAD
x = Bit is unknown
·
·
·
00001 = 1 TAD
00000 = 0 TAD (not recommended)
bit 7-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-0
ADCS: A/D Conversion Clock Select bits
111111 = 64 • TCY
111110 = 63 • TCY
·
·
·
000001 = 3 • TCY
000000 = 2 • TCY
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 177
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
-
REGISTER 22-4:
AD1CHS: A/D INPUT SELECT REGISTER
R/W-0
CH0NB
bit 15
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
CH0SB3
R/W-0
CH0SB2
R/W-0
CH0SB1
R/W-0
CH0SB0
bit 8
R/W-0
CH0NA
bit 7
U-0
—
U-0
—
U-0
—
R/W-0
CH0SA3
R/W-0
CH0SA2
R/W-0
CH0SA1
R/W-0
CH0SA0
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
-n = Value at POR
bit 15
bit 14-12
bit 11-8
bit 7
bit 6-4
bit 3-0
W = Writable bit
‘1’ = Bit is set
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
CH0NB: Channel 0 Negative Input Select for MUX B Multiplexer Setting bit
1 = Channel 0 negative input is AN1
0 = Channel 0 negative input is VRUnimplemented: Read as ‘0’
CH0SB: Channel 0 Positive Input Select for MUX B Multiplexer Setting bits
1111 = Channel 0 positive input is band gap reference (VBG)
1110 = Channel 0 positive input is band gap, divided by two, reference (VBG/2)
1101 = No channels connected (actual A/D MUX switch activates, but input floats); used for CTMU
1100 = Channel 0 positive input is AN12
1011 = Channel 0 positive input is AN11
1010 = Channel 0 positive input is AN10
1001 = Reserved
1000 = Reserved
0111 = AVDD
0110 = AVSS
0101 = Channel 0 positive input is AN5
0100 = Channel 0 positive input is AN4
0011 = Channel 0 positive input is AN3
0010 = Channel 0 positive input is AN2
0001 = Channel 0 positive input is AN1
0000 = Channel 0 positive input is AN0
CH0NA: Channel 0 Negative Input Select for MUX A Multiplexer Setting bit
1 = Channel 0 negative input is AN1
0 = Channel 0 negative input is VRUnimplemented: Read as ‘0’
CH0SA: Channel 0 Positive Input Select for Sample A bits
1111 = Channel 0 positive input is band gap reference (VBG)
1110 = Channel 0 positive input is band gap, divided by two, reference (VBG/2)
1101 = No channels connected (actual A/D MUX switch activates but input floats); used for CTMU
1100 = Channel 0 positive input is AN12
1011 = Channel 0 positive input is AN11
1010 = Channel 0 positive input is AN10
1001 = Reserved
1000 = Reserved
0111 = AVDD
0110 = AVSS
0101 = Channel 0 positive input is AN5
0100 = Channel 0 positive input is AN4
0011 = Channel 0 positive input is AN3
0010 = Channel 0 positive input is AN2
0001 = Channel 0 positive input is AN1
0000 = Channel 0 positive input is AN0
DS39927C-page 178
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 22-5:
AD1PCFG: A/D PORT CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
PCFG15
PCFG14
—
PCFG12
PCFG11
PCFG10
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
PCFG5
PCFG4
PCFG3
PCFG2
PCFG1
PCFG0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
PCFG15: Analog Input Pin Configuration Control bit
1 = Analog channel is disabled from input scan
0 = Internal band gap (VBG) channel is enabled for input scan
bit 14
PCFG14: Analog Input Pin Configuration Control bit
1 = Analog channel is disabled from input scan
0 = Internal VBG/2 channel is enabled for input scan
bit 13
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 12-10
PCFG: Analog Input Pin Configuration Control bits
1 = Pin for corresponding analog channel is configured in Digital mode; I/O port read is enabled
0 = Pin is configured in Analog mode; I/O port read is disabled; A/D samples pin voltage
bit 9-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-0
PCFG: Analog Input Pin Configuration Control bits
1 = Pin for corresponding analog channel is configured in Digital mode; I/O port read is enabled
0 = Pin configured in Analog mode; I/O port read is disabled; A/D samples pin voltage
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 179
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 22-6:
AD1CSSL: A/D INPUT SCAN SELECT REGISTER (LOW)
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
CSSL12
CSSL11
CSSL10
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
—
—
CSSL5
CSSL4
CSSL3
CSSL2
CSSL1
CSSL0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-13
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 12-10
CSSL: A/D Input Pin Scan Selection bits
1 = Corresponding analog channel is selected for input scan
0 = Analog channel omitted from input scan
bit 9-6
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 5-0
CSSL: A/D Input Pin Scan Selection bits
1 = Corresponding analog channel is selected for input scan
0 = Analog channel omitted from input scan
DS39927C-page 180
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
EQUATION 22-1:
A/D CONVERSION CLOCK PERIOD(1)
TAD
ADCS = TCY – 1
TAD = TCY • (ADCS + 1)
Note 1:
Based on TCY = 2 * TOSC; Doze mode and PLL are disabled.
FIGURE 22-2:
10-BIT A/D CONVERTER ANALOG INPUT MODEL
VDD
Rs
VA
RIC 250
VT = 0.6V
ANx
CPIN
6-11 pF
(Typical)
VT = 0.6V
Sampling
Switch
RSS 5 k (Typical)
RSS
ILEAKAGE
±500 nA
CHOLD
= A/D capacitance
= 4.4 pF (Typical)
VSS
Legend: CPIN
= Input Capacitance
= Threshold Voltage
VT
ILEAKAGE = Leakage Current at the pin due to
various junctions
= Interconnect Resistance
RIC
= Sampling Switch Resistance
RSS
= Sample/Hold Capacitance (from A/D)
CHOLD
Note: CPIN value depends on device package and is not tested. Effect of CPIN negligible if Rs 5 k.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 181
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 22-3:
A/D TRANSFER FUNCTION
Output Code
(Binary (Decimal))
11 1111 1111 (1023)
11 1111 1110 (1022)
10 0000 0011 (515)
10 0000 0010 (514)
10 0000 0001 (513)
10 0000 0000 (512)
01 1111 1111 (511)
01 1111 1110 (510)
01 1111 1101 (509)
00 0000 0001 (1)
DS39927C-page 182
(VINH – VINL)
VR+
1023 * (VR+ – VR-)
1024
VR- +
512 * (VR+ – VR-)
1024
VR- +
VR- +
VR+ – VR1024
0
Voltage Level
VR-
00 0000 0000 (0)
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
23.0
The comparator outputs may be directly connected to
the CxOUT pins. When the respective COE equals ‘1’,
the I/O pad logic makes the unsynchronized output of
the comparator available on the pin.
COMPARATOR MODULE
Note:
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on the
Comparator module, refer to the “PIC24F
Family Reference Manual”, Section 46.
“Scalable
Comparator
Module”
(DS39734).
A simplified block diagram of the module is displayed
in Figure 23-1. Diagrams of the possible individual
comparator
configurations
are
displayed
in
Figure 23-2.
Each comparator has its own control register,
CMxCON (Register 23-1), for enabling and configuring
its operation. The output and event status of all three
comparators is provided in the CMSTAT register
(Register 23-2).
The comparator module provides two dual input
comparators. The inputs to the comparator can be
configured to use any one of four external analog
inputs, as well as a voltage reference input from either
the internal band gap reference, divided by 2 (VBG/2),
or the comparator voltage reference generator.
FIGURE 23-1:
COMPARATOR MODULE BLOCK DIAGRAM
CCH
CREF
EVPOL
CXINB
CXINC
CXIND
Input
Select
Logic
CPOL
VINVIN+
Trigger/Interrupt
Logic
CEVT
COE
C1
COUT
VBG/2
C1OUT
Pin
EVPOL
CXINA
CVREF
CPOL
Trigger/Interrupt
Logic
CEVT
COE
VINVIN+
C2
COUT
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
C2OUT
Pin
DS39927C-page 183
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 23-2:
INDIVIDUAL COMPARATOR CONFIGURATIONS
Comparator Off
CON = 0, CREF = x, CCH = xx
VIN-
COE
-
VIN+
Cx
Off (Read as ‘0’)
Comparator CxINB < CxINA Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 0, CCH = 00
CXINB
CXINA
VIN-
Comparator CxINC < CxINA Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 0, CCH = 01
COE
-
CXINC
Cx
VIN+
CxOUT
Pin
CXINA
VIN-
COE
-
VBG/2
Cx
VIN+
CxOUT
Pin
Comparator CxINB < CVREF Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 1, CCH = 00
CXINB
CVREF
VIN-
CVREF
DS39927C-page 184
VINVIN+
CXINA
COE
-
CXINC
Cx
VIN+
CxOUT
Pin
CVREF
VIN+
Cx
CxOUT
Pin
VIN-
COE
Cx
VIN+
CxOUT
Pin
VIN-
COE
-
VIN+
Cx
CxOUT
Pin
Comparator VBG/2 < CVREF Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 1, CCH = 11
COE
-
COE
-
Comparator CxINC < CVREF Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 1, CCH = 01
Comparator CxIND < CVREF Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 1, CCH = 10
CXIND
CXINA
VIN-
Comparator VBG/2 < CxINA Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 0, CCH = 11
Comparator CxIND < CxINA Compare
CON = 1, CREF = 0, CCH = 10
CXIND
CxOUT
Pin
VBG/2
Cx
CxOUT
Pin
CVREF
VINVIN+
COE
Cx
CxOUT
Pin
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 23-1:
CMxCON: COMPARATOR x CONTROL REGISTERS
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R-0
CON
COE
CPOL
CLPWR
—
—
CEVT
COUT
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
EVPOL1
EVPOL0
—
CREF
—
—
CCH1
CCH0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
CON: Comparator Enable bit
1 = Comparator is enabled
0 = Comparator is disabled
bit 14
COE: Comparator Output Enable bit
1 = Comparator output is present on the CxOUT pin
0 = Comparator output is internal only
bit 13
CPOL: Comparator Output Polarity Select bit
1 = Comparator output is inverted
0 = Comparator output is not inverted
bit 12
CLPWR: Comparator Low-Power Mode Select bit
1 = Comparator operates in Low-Power mode
0 = Comparator does not operate in Low-Power mode
bit 11-10
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 9
CEVT: Comparator Event bit
1 = Comparator event defined by EVPOL has occurred; subsequent triggers and interrupts are
disabled until the bit is cleared
0 = Comparator event has not occurred
bit 8
COUT: Comparator Output bit
When CPOL = 0:
1 = VIN+ > VIN0 = VIN+ < VINWhen CPOL = 1:
1 = VIN+ < VIN0 = VIN+ > VIN-
bit 7-6
EVPOL: Trigger/Event/Interrupt Polarity Select bits
11 = Trigger/event/interrupt is generated on any change of the comparator output (while CEVT = 0)
10 = Trigger/event/interrupt is generated on transition of the comparator output:
If CPOL = 0 (non-inverted polarity):
High-to-low transition only.
If CPOL = 1 (inverted polarity):
Low-to-high transition only.
01 = Trigger/event/interrupt is generated on transition of the comparator output:
If CPOL = 0 (non-inverted polarity):
Low-to-high transition only.
If CPOL = 1 (inverted polarity):
High-to-low transition only.
00 = Trigger/event/interrupt generation is disabled
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 185
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 23-1:
CMxCON: COMPARATOR x CONTROL REGISTERS (CONTINUED)
bit 5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
CREF: Comparator Reference Select bit (non-inverting input)
1 = Non-inverting input connects to the internal CVREF voltage
0 = Non-inverting input connects to the CxINA pin
bit 3-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1-0
CCH: Comparator Channel Select bits
11 = Inverting input of comparator connects to VBG/2
10 = Inverting input of comparator connects to CxIND pin
01 = Inverting input of comparator connects to CxINC pin
00 = Inverting input of comparator connects to CxINB pin
REGISTER 23-2:
CMSTAT: COMPARATOR MODULE STATUS REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
CMIDL
—
—
—
—
—
C2EVT
C1EVT
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R-0, HSC
R-0, HSC
—
—
—
—
—
—
C2OUT
C1OUT
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
HSC = Hardware Settable/Clearable bit
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15
CMIDL: Comparator Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Disable comparator interrupts when the device enters Idle mode; the module is still enabled
0 = Continue operation of all enabled comparators in Idle mode
bit 14-10
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 9
C2EVT: Comparator 2 Event Status bit (read-only)
Shows the current event status of Comparator 2 (CM2CON).
bit 8
C1EVT: Comparator 1 Event Status bit (read-only)
Shows the current event status of Comparator 1 (CM1CON).
bit 7-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
C2OUT: Comparator 2 Output Status bit (read-only)
Shows the current output of Comparator 2 (CM2CON).
bit 0
C1OUT: Comparator 1 Output Status bit (read-only)
Shows the current output of Comparator 1 (CM1CON).
DS39927C-page 186
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
24.0
Note:
COMPARATOR VOLTAGE
REFERENCE
24.1
Configuring the Comparator
Voltage Reference
The comparator voltage reference module is controlled
through the CVRCON register (Register 24-1). The
comparator voltage reference provides two ranges of
output voltage, each with 16 distinct levels. The range
to be used is selected by the CVRR bit (CVRCON).
The primary difference between the ranges is the size
of the steps selected by the CVREF Selection bits
(CVR), with one range offering finer resolution.
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on the
Comparator Voltage Reference, refer to
the “PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 20. “Comparator Voltage
Reference Module” (DS39709).
The comparator reference supply voltage can come
from either VDD and VSS, or the external VREF+ and
VREF-. The voltage source is selected by the CVRSS bit
(CVRCON).
The settling time of the comparator voltage reference
must be considered when changing the CVREF output.
FIGURE 24-1:
COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM
VREF+
AVDD
CVRSS = 1
8R
CVRSS = 0
CVR
R
CVREN
R
R
16-to-1 MUX
R
16 Steps
CVREF
R
R
R
CVRR
VREF-
8R
CVRSS = 1
CVRSS = 0
AVSS
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 187
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 24-1:
CVRCON: COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
CVREN
CVROE
CVRR
CVRSS
CVR3
CVR2
CVR1
CVR0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 15-8
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 7
CVREN: Comparator Voltage Reference Enable bit
1 = CVREF circuit is powered on
0 = CVREF circuit is powered down
bit 6
CVROE: Comparator VREF Output Enable bit
1 = CVREF voltage level is output on CVREF pin
0 = CVREF voltage level is disconnected from CVREF pin
bit 5
CVRR: Comparator VREF Range Selection bit
1 = CVRSRC range should be 0 to 0.625 CVRSRC with CVRSRC/24 step size
0 = CVRSRC range should be 0.25 to 0.719 CVRSRC with CVRSRC/32 step size
bit 4
CVRSS: Comparator VREF Source Selection bit
1 = Comparator reference source, CVRSRC = VREF+ – VREF0 = Comparator reference source, CVRSRC = AVDD – AVSS
bit 3-0
CVR3:CVR0: Comparator VREF Value Selection 0 CVR 15 bits
When CVRR = 1 and CVRSS = 0:
CVREF = (CVR/24) * (CVRSRC)
When CVRR = 0 and CVRSS = 0:
CVREF = 1/4 (CVRSRC) + (CVR/32) * (CVRSRC)
When CVRR = 1 and CVRSS = 1:
CVREF = ((CVR/24) * (CVRSRC)) + VREFWhen CVRR = 0 and CVRSS = 1:
CVREF = (1/4 (CVRSRC) + (CVR/32) * (CVRSRC)) + VREF-
DS39927C-page 188
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
25.0
Note:
CHARGE TIME
MEASUREMENT UNIT (CTMU)
This data sheet summarizes the features of
this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference
source. For more information on the
Charge Measurement Unit, refer to the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”,
Section 11. “Charge Time Measurement
Unit (CTMU)” (DS39724).
The Charge Time Measurement Unit (CTMU) is a
flexible analog module that provides charge measurement, accurate differential time measurement between
pulse sources and asynchronous pulse generation. Its
key features include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Four-edge input trigger sources
Polarity control for each edge source
Control of edge sequence
Control of response to edges
Time measurement resolution of one nanosecond
Accurate current source suitable for capacitive
measurement
Together with other on-chip analog modules, the CTMU
can be used to precisely measure time, measure
capacitance, measure relative changes in capacitance,
or generate output pulses that are independent of the
system clock. The CTMU module is ideal for interfacing
with capacitive-based touch sensors.
The CTMU is controlled through two registers:
CTMUCON and CTMUICON. CTMUCON enables the
module, and controls edge source selection, edge
FIGURE 25-1:
source polarity selection, and edge sequencing. The
CTMUICON register selects the current range of
current source and trims the current.
25.1
Measuring Capacitance
The CTMU module measures capacitance by
generating an output pulse with a width equal to the
time between edge events on two separate input channels. The pulse edge events to both input channels can
be selected from four sources: two internal peripheral
modules (OC1 and Timer1) and two external pins
(CTED1 and CTED2). This pulse is used with the module’s precision current source to calculate capacitance
according to the relationship:
I=C•
dV
dT
For capacitance measurements, the A/D Converter
samples an external capacitor (CAPP) on one of its
input channels, after the CTMU output’s pulse. A
precision resistor (RPR) provides current source
calibration on a second A/D channel. After the pulse
ends, the converter determines the voltage on the
capacitor. The actual calculation of capacitance is
performed in software by the application.
Figure 25-1 displays the external connections used for
capacitance measurements, and how the CTMU and
A/D modules are related in this application. This example
also shows the edge events coming from Timer1, but
other configurations using external edge sources are
possible. A detailed discussion on measuring capacitance and time with the CTMU module is provided in the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”.
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS AND INTERNAL CONFIGURATION FOR
CAPACITANCE MEASUREMENT
PIC24F Device
Timer1
CTMU
EDG1
Current Source
EDG2
Output Pulse
A/D Converter
ANx
ANY
CAPP
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
RPR
DS39927C-page 189
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
25.2
When the module is configured for pulse generation
delay by setting the TGEN bit (CTMUCON), the
internal current source is connected to the B input of
Comparator 2. A capacitor (CDELAY) is connected to
the Comparator 2 pin, C2INB, and the comparator
voltage reference, CVREF, is connected to C2INA.
CVREF is then configured for a specific trip point. The
module begins to charge CDELAY when an edge event
is detected. When CDELAY charges above the CVREF
trip point, a pulse is output on CTPLS. The length of the
pulse delay is determined by the value of CDELAY and
the CVREF trip point.
Measuring Time
Time measurements on the pulse width can be similarly
performed using the A/D module’s internal capacitor
(CAD) and a precision resistor for current calibration.
Figure 25-2 displays the external connections used for
time measurements, and how the CTMU and A/D
modules are related in this application. This example
also shows both edge events coming from the external
CTED pins, but other configurations using internal
edge sources are possible.
25.3
Pulse Generation and Delay
Figure 25-3 shows the external connections for pulse
generation, as well as the relationship of the different
analog modules required. While CTED1 is shown as
the input pulse source, other options are available. A
detailed discussion on pulse generation with the CTMU
module is provided in the “PIC24F Family Reference
Manual”.
The CTMU module can also generate an output pulse
with edges that are not synchronous with the device’s
system clock. More specifically, it can generate a pulse
with a programmable delay from an edge event input to
the module.
FIGURE 25-2:
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS AND INTERNAL CONFIGURATION FOR
TIME MEASUREMENT
PIC24F Device
CTMU
CTED1
EDG1
CTED2
EDG2
Current Source
Output Pulse
A/D Converter
ANx
CAD
RPR
FIGURE 25-3:
TYPICAL CONNECTIONS AND INTERNAL CONFIGURATION FOR
PULSE DELAY GENERATION
PIC24F Device
CTED1
EDG1
CTMU
CTPLS
Current Source
Comparator
DS39927C-page 190
C2INB
-
CDELAY
CVREF
C2
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 25-1:
CTMUCON: CTMU CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
U-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
CTMUEN
—
CTMUSIDL
TGEN
EDGEN
EDGSEQEN
IDISSEN
CTTRIG
bit 15
bit 8
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
EDG2POL
EDG2SEL1
EDG2SEL0
EDG1POL
EDG1SEL1
EDG1SEL0
EDG2STAT
EDG1STAT
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15
CTMUEN: CTMU Enable bit
1 = Module is enabled
0 = Module is disabled
bit 14
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 13
CTMUSIDL: Stop in Idle Mode bit
1 = Discontinue module operation when device enters Idle mode
0 = Continue module operation in Idle mode
bit 12
TGEN: Time Generation Enable bit
1 = Enables edge delay generation
0 = Disables edge delay generation
bit 11
EDGEN: Edge Enable bit
1 = Edges are not blocked
0 = Edges are blocked
bit 10
EDGSEQEN: Edge Sequence Enable bit
1 = Edge 1 event must occur before Edge 2 event can occur
0 = No edge sequence is needed
bit 9
IDISSEN: Analog Current Source Control bit
1 = Analog current source output is grounded
0 = Analog current source output is not grounded
bit 8
CTTRIG: Trigger Control bit
1 = Trigger output is enabled
0 = Trigger output is disabled
bit 7
EDG2POL: Edge 2 Polarity Select bit
1 = Edge 2 is programmed for a positive edge response
0 = Edge 2 is programmed for a negative edge response
bit 6-5
EDG2SEL: Edge 2 Source Select bits
11 = CTED1 pin
10 = CTED2 pin
01 = OC1 module
00 = Timer1 module
bit 4
EDG1POL: Edge 1 Polarity Select bit
1 = Edge 1 is programmed for a positive edge response
0 = Edge 1 is programmed for a negative edge response
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
x = Bit is unknown
DS39927C-page 191
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 25-1:
CTMUCON: CTMU CONTROL REGISTER (CONTINUED)
bit 3-2
EDG1SEL: Edge 1 Source Select bits
11 = CTED1 pin
10 = CTED2 pin
01 = OC1 module
00 = Timer1 module
bit 1
EDG2STAT: Edge 2 Status bit
1 = Edge 2 event has occurred
0 = Edge 2 event has not occurred
bit 0
EDG1STAT: Edge 1 Status bit
1 = Edge 1 event has occurred
0 = Edge 1 event has not occurred
REGISTER 25-2:
CTMUICON: CTMU CURRENT CONTROL REGISTER
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ITRIM5
ITRIM4
ITRIM3
ITRIM2
ITRIM1
ITRIM0
IRNG1
IRNG0
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 15-10
ITRIM: Current Source Trim bits
011111 = Maximum positive change from nominal current
011110
.
.
.
000001 = Minimum positive change from nominal current
000000 = Nominal current output specified by IRNG
111111 = Minimum negative change from nominal current
.
.
.
100010
100000 = Maximum negative change from nominal current
bit 9-8
IRNG: Current Source Range Select bits
11 = 100 Base current
10 = 10 Base current
01 = Base current level (0.55 A nominal)
00 = Current source is disabled
bit 7-0
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
DS39927C-page 192
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
26.0
SPECIAL FEATURES
Note:
26.1
This data sheet summarizes the features
of this group of PIC24F devices. It is not
intended to be a comprehensive reference source. For more information on the
Watchdog Timer, High-Level Device integration and Programming Diagnostics,
refer to the individual sections of the
“PIC24F Family Reference Manual”
provided below:
• Section 9. “Watchdog Timer (WDT)”
(DS39697)
• Section 36. “High-Level Integration
with Programmable High/
Low-Voltage Detect (HLVD)”
(DS39725)
• Section 33. “Programming and
Diagnostics” (DS39716)
PIC24F16KA102 family devices include several
features intended to maximize application flexibility and
reliability, and minimize cost through elimination of
external components. These are:
•
•
•
•
•
Flexible Configuration
Watchdog Timer (WDT)
Code Protection
In-Circuit Serial Programming™ (ICSP™)
In-Circuit Emulation
REGISTER 26-1:
Configuration Bits
The Configuration bits can be programmed (read as ‘0’),
or left unprogrammed (read as ‘1’), to select various
device configurations. These bits are mapped, starting
at program memory location, F80000h. A complete list is
provided in Table 26-1. A detailed explanation of the
various bit functions is provided in Register 26-1 through
Register 26-8.
The address, F80000h, is beyond the user program
memory space. In fact, it belongs to the configuration
memory space (800000h-FFFFFFh), which can only be
accessed using table reads and table writes.
TABLE 26-1:
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS
LOCATIONS
Configuration
Register
Address
FBS
FGS
FOSCSEL
FOSC
FWDT
FPOR
FICD
FDS
F80000
F80004
F80006
F80008
F8000A
F8000C
F8000E
F80010
FBS: BOOT SEGMENT CONFIGURATION REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
—
—
—
—
BSS2
BSS1
BSS0
BWRP
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3-1
BSS: Boot Segment Program Flash Code Protection bits
111 = No boot program Flash segment
011 = Reserved
110 = Standard security, boot program Flash segment starts at 200h, ends at 000AFEh
010 = High-security boot program Flash segment starts at 200h, ends at 000AFEh
101 = Standard security, boot program Flash segment starts at 200h, ends at 0015FEh(1)
001 = High-security, boot program Flash segment starts at 200h, ends at 0015FEh(1)
100 = Reserved
000 = Reserved
bit 0
BWRP: Boot Segment Program Flash Write Protection bit
1 = Boot segment may be written
0 = Boot segment is write-protected
Note 1:
This selection should not be used in PIC24F08KA1XX devices.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 193
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-2:
FGS: GENERAL SEGMENT CONFIGURATION REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/C-1
R/C-1
—
—
—
—
—
—
GSS0
GWRP
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
C = Clearable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1
GSS0: General Segment Code Flash Code Protection bit
1 = No protection
0 = Standard security is enabled
bit 0
GWRP: General Segment Code Flash Write Protection bit
1 = General segment may be written
0 = General segment is write-protected
REGISTER 26-3:
x = Bit is unknown
FOSCSEL: OSCILLATOR SELECTION CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/P-1
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
IESO
—
—
—
—
FNOSC2
FNOSC1
FNOSC0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
IESO: Internal External Switchover bit
1 = Internal External Switchover mode is enabled (Two-Speed Start-up is enabled)
0 = Internal External Switchover mode is disabled (Two-Speed Start-up is disabled)
bit 6-3
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 2-0
FNOSC: Oscillator Selection bits
000 = Fast RC Oscillator (FRC)
001 = Fast RC Oscillator with divide-by-N with PLL module (FRCDIV+PLL)
010 = Primary Oscillator (XT, HS, EC)
011 = Primary Oscillator with PLL module (HS+PLL, EC+PLL)
100 = Secondary Oscillator (SOSC)
101 = Low-Power RC Oscillator (LPRC)
110 = 500 kHz Low-Power FRC Oscillator with divide-by-N (LPFRCDIV)
111 = 8 MHz FRC Oscillator with divide-by-N (FRCDIV)
DS39927C-page 194
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-4:
FOSC: OSCILLATOR CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/P-1
R/P-1
FCKSM1
FCKSM0
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
SOSCSEL POSCFREQ1 POSCFREQ0 OSCIOFNC
R/P-1
R/P-1
POSCMD1
POSCMD0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7-6
FCKSM: Clock Switching and Monitor Selection Configuration bits
1x = Clock switching is disabled, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is disabled
01 = Clock switching is enabled, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is disabled
00 = Clock switching is enabled, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor is enabled
bit 5
SOSCSEL: Secondary Oscillator Select bit
1 = Secondary oscillator is configured for high-power operation
0 = Secondary oscillator is configured for low-power operation
bit 4-3
POSCFREQ: Primary Oscillator Frequency Range Configuration bits
11 = Primary oscillator/external clock input frequency is greater than 8 MHz
10 = Primary oscillator/external clock input frequency is between 100 kHz and 8 MHz
01 = Primary oscillator/external clock input frequency is less than 100 kHz
00 = Reserved; do not use
bit 2
OSCIOFNC: CLKO Enable Configuration bit
1 = CLKO output signal active on the OSCO pin; primary oscillator must be disabled or configured for
the External Clock mode (EC) for the CLKO to be active (POSCMD = 11 or 00)
0 = CLKO output is disabled
bit 1-0
POSCMD: Primary Oscillator Configuration bits
11 = Primary Oscillator mode is disabled
10 = HS Oscillator mode is selected
01 = XT Oscillator mode is selected
00 = External Clock mode is selected
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 195
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-5:
FWDT: WATCHDOG TIMER CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/P-1
R/P-1
U-0
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
FWDTEN
WINDIS
—
FWPSA
WDTPS3
WDTPS2
WDTPS1
WDTPS0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 7
FWDTEN: Watchdog Timer Enable bit
1 = WDT is enabled
0 = WDT is disabled (control is placed on the SWDTEN bit)
bit 6
WINDIS: Windowed Watchdog Timer Disable bit
1 = Standard WDT is selected; windowed WDT disabled
0 = Windowed WDT is enabled
bit 5
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 4
FWPSA: WDT Prescaler bit
1 = WDT prescaler ratio of 1:128
0 = WDT prescaler ratio of 1:32
bit 3-0
WDTPS: Watchdog Timer Postscale Select bits
1111 = 1:32,768
1110 = 1:16,384
1101 = 1:8,192
1100 = 1:4,096
1011 = 1:2,048
1010 = 1:1,024
1001 = 1:512
1000 = 1:256
0111 = 1:128
0110 = 1:64
0101 = 1:32
0100 = 1:16
0011 = 1:8
0010 = 1:4
0001 = 1:2
0000 = 1:1
DS39927C-page 196
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-6:
FPOR: RESET CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
U-0
R/P-1
R/P-1
MCLRE(2)
BORV1(3)
BORV0(3)
I2C1SEL(1)
PWRTEN
—
BOREN1
BOREN0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
MCLRE: MCLR Pin Enable bit(2)
1 = MCLR pin is enabled; RA5 input pin is disabled
0 = RA5 input pin is enabled; MCLR is disabled
bit 6-5
BORV: Brown-out Reset Enable bits(3)
11 = Brown-out Reset is set to the lowest voltage
10 = Brown-out Reset
01 = Brown-out Reset is set to the highest voltage
00 = Low-Power Brown-out Reset occurs around 2.0V
bit 4
I2C1SEL: Alternate I2C1 Pin Mapping bit(1)
0 = Alternate location for SCL1/SDA1 pins
1 = Default location for SCL1/SDA1 pins
bit 3
PWRTEN: Power-up Timer Enable bit
0 = PWRT is disabled
1 = PWRT is enabled
bit 2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1-0
BOREN: Brown-out Reset Enable bits
11 = Brown-out Reset is enabled in hardware; SBOREN bit is disabled
10 = Brown-out Reset is enabled only while device is active and disabled in Sleep; SBOREN bit is disabled
01 = Brown-out Reset is controlled with the SBOREN bit setting
00 = Brown-out Reset is disabled in hardware; SBOREN bit is disabled
Note 1:
2:
3:
Applies only to 28-pin devices.
The MCLRE fuse can only be changed when using the VPP-Based ICSP™ mode entry. This prevents a
user from accidentally locking out the device from the low-voltage test entry.
Refer to Section 29.0, Electrical Characteristics for the BOR voltages.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 197
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-7:
FICD: IN-CIRCUIT DEBUGGER CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/P-1
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R/P-1
R/P-1
DEBUG
—
—
—
—
—
FICD1
FICD0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
DEBUG: Background Debugger Enable bit
1 = Background debugger is disabled
0 = Background debugger functions are enabled
bit 6-2
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 1-0
FICD ICD Pin Select bits
11 = PGC1/PGD1 are used for programming and debugging the device
10 = PGC2/PGD2 are used for programming and debugging the device
01 = PGC3/PGD3 are used for programming and debugging the device
00 = Reserved; do not use
DS39927C-page 198
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-8:
FDS: DEEP SLEEP CONFIGURATION REGISTER
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
DSWDTEN
DSBOREN
RTCOSC
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
R/P-1
DSWDTOSC DSWDTPS3 DSWDTPS2 DSWDTPS1 DSWDTPS0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
P = Programmable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
x = Bit is unknown
bit 7
DSWDTEN: Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer Enable bit
1 = DSWDT is enabled
0 = DSWDT is disabled
bit 6
DSBOREN: Deep Sleep/Low-Power BOR Enable bit (does not affect operation in non Deep Sleep modes)
1 = Deep Sleep BOR is enabled in Deep Sleep
0 = Deep Sleep BOR is disabled in Deep Sleep
bit 5
RTCOSC: RTCC Reference Clock Select bit
1 = RTCC uses SOSC as a reference clock
0 = RTCC uses LPRC as a reference clock
bit 4
DSWDTOSC: DSWDT Reference Clock Select bit
1 = DSWDT uses LPRC as a reference clock
0 = DSWDT uses SOSC as a reference clock
bit 3-0
DSWDTPS: Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer Postscale Select bits
The DSWDT prescaler is 32; this creates an approximate base time unit of 1 ms.
1111 = 1:2,147,483,648 (25.7 days) nominal
1110 = 1:536,870,912 (6.4 days) nominal
1101 = 1:134,217,728 (38.5 hours) nominal
1100 = 1:33,554,432 (9.6 hours) nominal
1011 = 1:8,388,608 (2.4 hours) nominal
1010 = 1:2,097,152 (36 minutes) nominal
1001 = 1:524,288 (9 minutes) nominal
1000 = 1:131,072 (135 seconds) nominal
0111 = 1:32,768 (34 seconds) nominal
0110 = 1:8,192 (8.5 seconds) nominal
0101 = 1:2,048 (2.1 seconds) nominal
0100 = 1:512 (528 ms) nominal
0011 = 1:128 (132 ms) nominal
0010 = 1:32 (33 ms) nominal
0001 = 1:8 (8.3 ms) nominal
0000 = 1:2 (2.1 ms) nominal
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 199
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
REGISTER 26-9:
DEVID: DEVICE ID REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 23
bit 16
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
FAMID7
FAMID6
FAMID5
FAMID4
FAMID3
FAMID2
FAMID1
FAMID0
bit 15
bit 8
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
DEV7
DEV6
DEV5
DEV4
DEV3
DEV2
DEV1
DEV0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 23-16
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 15-8
FAMID: Device Family Identifier bits
00001011 = PIC24F16KA102 family
bit 7-0
DEV: Individual Device Identifier bits
00000011 = PIC24F16KA102
00001010 = PIC24F08KA102
00000001 = PIC24F16KA101
00001000 = PIC24F08KA101
x = Bit is unknown
REGISTER 26-10: DEVREV: DEVICE REVISION REGISTER
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 23
bit 16
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
bit 15
bit 8
U-0
U-0
U-0
U-0
R
R
R
R
—
—
—
—
REV3
REV2
REV1
REV0
bit 7
bit 0
Legend:
R = Readable bit
W = Writable bit
U = Unimplemented bit, read as ‘0’
-n = Value at POR
‘1’ = Bit is set
‘0’ = Bit is cleared
bit 23-4
Unimplemented: Read as ‘0’
bit 3-0
REV: Minor Revision Identifier bits
DS39927C-page 200
x = Bit is unknown
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
26.2
Watchdog Timer (WDT)
For the PIC24F16KA102 family of devices, the WDT is
driven by the LPRC oscillator. When the WDT is
enabled, the clock source is also enabled.
The nominal WDT clock source from LPRC is 31 kHz.
This feeds a prescaler that can be configured for either
5-bit (divide-by-32) or 7-bit (divide-by-128) operation.
The prescaler is set by the FWPSA Configuration bit.
With a 31 kHz input, the prescaler yields a nominal
WDT time-out period (TWDT) of 1 ms in 5-bit mode or
4 ms in 7-bit mode.
A variable postscaler divides down the WDT prescaler
output and allows for a wide range of time-out periods.
The postscaler is controlled by the Configuration bits,
WDTPS (FWDT), which allow the selection
of a total of 16 settings, from 1:1 to 1:32,768. Using the
prescaler and postscaler time-out periods, ranging
from 1 ms to 131 seconds, can be achieved.
The WDT Flag bit, WDTO (RCON), is not
automatically cleared following a WDT time-out. To
detect subsequent WDT events, the flag must be
cleared in software.
Note:
26.2.1
The CLRWDT and PWRSAV instructions
clear the prescaler and postscaler counts
when executed.
WINDOWED OPERATION
The Watchdog Timer has an optional Fixed Window
mode of operation. In this Windowed mode, CLRWDT
instructions can only reset the WDT during the last
1/4 of the programmed WDT period. A CLRWDT instruction executed before that window causes a WDT
Reset, similar to a WDT time-out.
Windowed WDT mode is enabled by programming the
Configuration bit, WINDIS (FWDT), to ‘0’.
The WDT, prescaler and postscaler are reset:
• On any device Reset
• On the completion of a clock switch, whether
invoked by software (i.e., setting the OSWEN bit
after changing the NOSC bits) or by hardware
(i.e., Fail-Safe Clock Monitor)
• When a PWRSAV instruction is executed
(i.e., Sleep or Idle mode is entered)
• When the device exits Sleep or Idle mode to
resume normal operation
• By a CLRWDT instruction During normal execution
26.2.2
CONTROL REGISTER
The WDT is enabled or disabled by the FWDTEN
Configuration bit. When the FWDTEN Configuration bit
is set, the WDT is always enabled.
If the WDT is enabled, it will continue to run during
Sleep or Idle modes. When the WDT time-out occurs,
the device will wake the device and code execution will
continue from where the PWRSAV instruction was
FIGURE 26-1:
executed. The corresponding SLEEP or IDLE bits
(RCON) will need to be cleared in software after
the device wakes up.
The WDT can be optionally controlled in software when
the FWDTEN Configuration bit has been programmed
to ‘0’. The WDT is enabled in software by setting the
SWDTEN control bit (RCON). The SWDTEN
control bit is cleared on any device Reset. The software
WDT option allows the user to enable the WDT for
critical code segments and disable the WDT during
non-critical segments for maximum power savings.
WDT BLOCK DIAGRAM
SWDTEN
FWDTEN
LPRC Control
FWPSA
WDTPS
Prescaler
(5-Bit/7-Bit)
LPRC Input
31 kHz
Wake from Sleep
WDT
Counter
Postscaler
1:1 to 1:32.768
WDT Overflow
Reset
1 ms/4 ms
All Device Resets
Transition to
New Clock Source
Exit Sleep or
Idle Mode
CLRWDT Instr.
PWRSAV Instr.
Sleep or Idle Mode
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 201
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
26.3
Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer
(DSWDT)
In PIC24F16KA102 family devices, in addition to the
WDT module, a DSWDT module is present which runs
while the device is in Deep Sleep, if enabled. It is
driven by either the SOSC or LPRC oscillator. The
clock source is selected by the Configuration bit,
DSWDTOSC (FDS).
The DSWDT can be configured to generate a time-out
at 2.1 ms to 25.7 days by selecting the respective
postscaler. The postscaler can be selected by the
Configuration bits, DSWDTPS (FDS).
When the DSWDT is enabled, the clock source is also
enabled.
DSWDT is one of the sources that can wake-up the
device from Deep Sleep mode.
26.4
Program Verification and
Code Protection
For all devices in the PIC24F16KA102 family, code
protection for the boot segment is controlled by the
Configuration bit, BSS0, and the general segment by
the Configuration bit, GSS0. These bits inhibit external
reads and writes to the program memory space; this
has no direct effect in normal execution mode.
26.5
In-Circuit Serial Programming
PIC24F16KA102 family microcontrollers can be
serially programmed while in the end application circuit.
This is simply done with two lines for clock (PGCx) and
data (PGDx), and three other lines for power, ground
and the programming voltage. This allows customers to
manufacture boards with unprogrammed devices and
then program the microcontroller just before shipping
the product. This also allows the most recent firmware
or a custom firmware to be programmed.
26.6
In-Circuit Debugger
When MPLAB® ICD 2 is selected as a debugger, the
in-circuit debugging functionality is enabled. This
function allows simple debugging functions when used
with MPLAB IDE. Debugging functionality is controlled
through the EMUCx (Emulation/Debug Clock) and
EMUDx (Emulation/Debug Data) pins.
To use the in-circuit debugger function of the device,
the design must implement ICSP connections to
MCLR, VDD, VSS, PGCx, PGDx and the
EMUDx/EMUCx pin pair. In addition, when the feature
is enabled, some of the resources are not available for
general use. These resources include the first 80 bytes
of data RAM and two I/O pins.
Write protection is controlled by bit, BWRP, for the boot
segment and bit, GWRP, for the general segment in the
Configuration Word. When these bits are programmed
to ‘0’, internal write and erase operations to program
memory are blocked.
DS39927C-page 202
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
27.0
DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT
27.1
The PIC® microcontrollers and dsPIC® digital signal
controllers are supported with a full range of software
and hardware development tools:
• Integrated Development Environment
- MPLAB® IDE Software
• Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers
- MPLAB C Compiler for Various Device
Families
- HI-TECH C® for Various Device Families
- MPASMTM Assembler
- MPLINKTM Object Linker/
MPLIBTM Object Librarian
- MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for
Various Device Families
• Simulators
- MPLAB SIM Software Simulator
• Emulators
- MPLAB REAL ICE™ In-Circuit Emulator
• In-Circuit Debuggers
- MPLAB ICD 3
- PICkit™ 3 Debug Express
• Device Programmers
- PICkit™ 2 Programmer
- MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
• Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards,
Evaluation Kits, and Starter Kits
MPLAB Integrated Development
Environment Software
The MPLAB IDE software brings an ease of software
development previously unseen in the 8/16/32-bit
microcontroller market. The MPLAB IDE is a Windows®
operating system-based application that contains:
• A single graphical interface to all debugging tools
- Simulator
- Programmer (sold separately)
- In-Circuit Emulator (sold separately)
- In-Circuit Debugger (sold separately)
• A full-featured editor with color-coded context
• A multiple project manager
• Customizable data windows with direct edit of
contents
• High-level source code debugging
• Mouse over variable inspection
• Drag and drop variables from source to watch
windows
• Extensive on-line help
• Integration of select third party tools, such as
IAR C Compilers
The MPLAB IDE allows you to:
• Edit your source files (either C or assembly)
• One-touch compile or assemble, and download to
emulator and simulator tools (automatically
updates all project information)
• Debug using:
- Source files (C or assembly)
- Mixed C and assembly
- Machine code
MPLAB IDE supports multiple debugging tools in a
single development paradigm, from the cost-effective
simulators, through low-cost in-circuit debuggers, to
full-featured emulators. This eliminates the learning
curve when upgrading to tools with increased flexibility
and power.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS39927C-page 203
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
27.2
MPLAB C Compilers for Various
Device Families
The MPLAB C Compiler code development systems
are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC18,
PIC24 and PIC32 families of microcontrollers and the
dsPIC30 and dsPIC33 families of digital signal controllers. These compilers provide powerful integration
capabilities, superior code optimization and ease of
use.
For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide
symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE
debugger.
27.3
HI-TECH C for Various Device
Families
For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide
symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE
debugger.
The compilers include a macro assembler, linker, preprocessor, and one-step driver, and can run on multiple
platforms.
MPASM Assembler
The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal
macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs.
The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object
files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel® standard HEX
files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol
reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines
and generated machine code and COFF files for
debugging.
The MPASM Assembler features include:
MPLINK Object Linker/
MPLIB Object Librarian
The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable
objects created by the MPASM Assembler and the
MPLAB C18 C Compiler. It can link relocatable objects
from precompiled libraries, using directives from a
linker script.
The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and
modification of library files of precompiled code. When
a routine from a library is called from a source file, only
the modules that contain that routine will be linked in
with the application. This allows large libraries to be
used efficiently in many different applications.
The object linker/library features include:
The HI-TECH C Compiler code development systems
are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC
family of microcontrollers and the dsPIC family of digital
signal controllers. These compilers provide powerful
integration capabilities, omniscient code generation
and ease of use.
27.4
27.5
• Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many
smaller files
• Enhanced code maintainability by grouping
related modules together
• Flexible creation of libraries with easy module
listing, replacement, deletion and extraction
27.6
MPLAB Assembler, Linker and
Librarian for Various Device
Families
MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine
code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24,
PIC32 and dsPIC devices. MPLAB C Compiler uses
the assembler to produce its object file. The assembler
generates relocatable object files that can then be
archived or linked with other relocatable object files and
archives to create an executable file. Notable features
of the assembler include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Support for the entire device instruction set
Support for fixed-point and floating-point data
Command line interface
Rich directive set
Flexible macro language
MPLAB IDE compatibility
• Integration into MPLAB IDE projects
• User-defined macros to streamline
assembly code
• Conditional assembly for multi-purpose
source files
• Directives that allow complete control over the
assembly process
DS39927C-page 204
Preliminary
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
27.7
MPLAB SIM Software Simulator
27.9
The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator allows code
development in a PC-hosted environment by simulating the PIC MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs on an instruction
level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be
examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from
a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be
logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace
buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of
the simulator to record and track program execution,
actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers.
The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator fully supports
symbolic debugging using the MPLAB C Compilers,
and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The software simulator offers the flexibility to develop and
debug code outside of the hardware laboratory environment, making it an excellent, economical software
development tool.
27.8
MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit
Emulator System
MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is
Microchip’s next generation high-speed emulator for
Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and
programs PIC® Flash MCUs and dsPIC® Flash DSCs
with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of
the MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE),
included with each kit.
The emulator is connected to the design engineer’s PC
using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is connected
to the target with either a connector compatible with incircuit debugger systems (RJ11) or with the new highspeed, noise tolerant, Low-Voltage Differential Signal
(LVDS) interconnection (CAT5).
The emulator is field upgradable through future firmware
downloads in MPLAB IDE. In upcoming releases of
MPLAB IDE, new devices will be supported, and new
features will be added. MPLAB REAL ICE offers
significant advantages over competitive emulators
including low-cost, full-speed emulation, run-time
variable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, a
ruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters)
interconnection cables.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger
System
MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is Microchip's most cost effective high-speed hardware
debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash Digital Signal Controller (DSC) and microcontroller (MCU)
devices. It debugs and programs PIC® Flash microcontrollers and dsPIC® DSCs with the powerful, yet easyto-use graphical user interface of MPLAB Integrated
Development Environment (IDE).
The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is connected to the design engineer's PC using a high-speed
USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with a
connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or MPLAB
REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3 supports all
MPLAB ICD 2 headers.
27.10 PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/
Programmer and
PICkit 3 Debug Express
The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and programming of PIC® and dsPIC® Flash microcontrollers at a
most affordable price point using the powerful graphical
user interface of the MPLAB Integrated Development
Environment (IDE). The MPLAB PICkit 3 is connected
to the design engineer's PC using a full speed USB
interface and can be connected to the target via an
Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with
MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The connector
uses two device I/O pins and the reset line to implement in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial Programming™.
The PICkit 3 Debug Express include the PICkit 3, demo
board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM
with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and
MPLAB IDE software.
Preliminary
DS39927C-page 205
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
27.11 PICkit 2 Development
Programmer/Debugger and
PICkit 2 Debug Express
27.13 Demonstration/Development
Boards, Evaluation Kits, and
Starter Kits
The PICkit™ 2 Development Programmer/Debugger is
a low-cost development tool with an easy to use interface for programming and debugging Microchip’s Flash
families of microcontrollers. The full featured
Windows® programming interface supports baseline
(PIC10F,
PIC12F5xx,
PIC16F5xx),
midrange
(PIC12F6xx, PIC16F), PIC18F, PIC24, dsPIC30,
dsPIC33, and PIC32 families of 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit
microcontrollers, and many Microchip Serial EEPROM
products. With Microchip’s powerful MPLAB Integrated
Development Environment (IDE) the PICkit™ 2
enables in-circuit debugging on most PIC® microcontrollers. In-Circuit-Debugging runs, halts and single
steps the program while the PIC microcontroller is
embedded in the application. When halted at a breakpoint, the file registers can be examined and modified.
A wide variety of demonstration, development and
evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC
DSCs allows quick application development on fully functional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas for
adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware
and source code for examination and modification.
The PICkit 2 Debug Express include the PICkit 2, demo
board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM
with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and
MPLAB IDE software.
27.12 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer
The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal,
CE compliant device programmer with programmable
voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for
maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display
(128 x 64) for menus and error messages and a modular, detachable socket assembly to support various
package types. The ICSP™ cable assembly is included
as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB
PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program
PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set
code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3
connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable.
The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and
optimized algorithms for quick programming of large
memory devices and incorporates an MMC card for file
storage and data applications.
DS39927C-page 206
The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs,
temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232
interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional
EEPROM memory.
The demonstration and development boards can be
used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom
circuits and for learning about various microcontroller
applications.
In addition to the PICDEM™ and dsPICDEM™ demonstration/development board series of circuits, Microchip
has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software
for analog filter design, KEELOQ® security ICs, CAN,
IrDA®, PowerSmart battery management, SEEVAL®
evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow rate
sensing, plus many more.
Also available are starter kits that contain everything
needed to experience the specified device. This usually
includes a single application and debug capability, all
on one board.
Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com)
for the complete list of demonstration, development
and evaluation kits.
Preliminary
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
28.0
Note:
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
This chapter is a brief summary of the
PIC24F instruction set architecture and is
not intended to be a comprehensive
reference source.
The PIC24F instruction set adds many enhancements
to the previous PIC® MCU instruction sets, while
maintaining an easy migration from previous PIC MCU
instruction sets. Most instructions are a single program
memory word. Only three instructions require two
program memory locations.
Each single-word instruction is a 24-bit word divided
into an 8-bit opcode, which specifies the instruction
type and one or more operands, which further specify
the operation of the instruction. The instruction set is
highly orthogonal and is grouped into four basic
categories:
•
•
•
•
• A literal value to be loaded into a W register or file
register (specified by the value of ‘k’)
• The W register or file register, where the literal
value is to be loaded (specified by ‘Wb’ or ‘f’)
However, literal instructions that involve arithmetic or
logical operations use some of the following operands:
• The first source operand, which is a register ‘Wb’
without any address modifier
• The second source operand, which is a literal
value
• The destination of the result (only if not the same
as the first source operand), which is typically a
register ‘Wd’ with or without an address modifier
The control instructions may use some of the following
operands:
• A program memory address
• The mode of the table read and table write
instructions
Word or byte-oriented operations
Bit-oriented operations
Literal operations
Control operations
Table 28-1 lists the general symbols used in describing
the instructions. The PIC24F instruction set summary
in Table 28-2 lists all the instructions, along with the
status flags affected by each instruction.
Most word or byte-oriented W register instructions
(including barrel shift instructions) have three
operands:
• The first source operand, which is typically a
register ‘Wb’ without any address modifier
• The second source operand, which is typically a
register ‘Ws’ with or without an address modifier
• The destination of the result, which is typically a
register ‘Wd’ with or without an address modifier
However, word or byte-oriented file register instructions
have two operands:
• The file register, specified by the value, ‘f’
• The destination, which could either be the file
register ‘f’ or the W0 register, which is denoted as
‘WREG’
Most bit-oriented instructions (including
rotate/shift instructions) have two operands:
The literal instructions that involve data movement may
use some of the following operands:
simple
All instructions are a single word, except for certain
double-word instructions, which were made
double-word instructions so that all of the required
information is available in these 48 bits. In the second
word, the 8 MSbs are ‘0’s. If this second word is
executed as an instruction (by itself), it will execute as
a NOP.
Most single-word instructions are executed in a single
instruction cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the
Program Counter (PC) is changed as a result of the
instruction. In these cases, the execution takes two
instruction cycles, with the additional instruction
cycle(s) executed as a NOP. Notable exceptions are the
BRA (unconditional/computed branch), indirect
CALL/GOTO, all table reads and writes, and
RETURN/RETFIE instructions, which are single-word
instructions but take two or three cycles.
Certain instructions that involve skipping over the
subsequent instruction require either two or three
cycles if the skip is performed, depending on whether
the instruction being skipped is a single-word or
two-word instruction. Moreover, double-word moves
require two cycles. The double-word instructions
execute in two instruction cycles.
• The W register (with or without an address
modifier) or file register (specified by the value of
‘Ws’ or ‘f’)
• The bit in the W register or file register (specified
by a literal value or indirectly by the contents of
register ‘Wb’)
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 207
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 28-1:
SYMBOLS USED IN OPCODE DESCRIPTIONS
Field
Description
#text
Means literal defined by “text”
(text)
Means “content of text”
[text]
Means “the location addressed by text”
{ }
Optional field or operation
Register bit field
.b
Byte mode selection
.d
Double-Word mode selection
.S
Shadow register select
.w
Word mode selection (default)
bit4
4-bit bit selection field (used in word addressed instructions) {0...15}
C, DC, N, OV, Z
MCU Status bits: Carry, Digit Carry, Negative, Overflow, Sticky Zero
Expr
Absolute address, label or expression (resolved by the linker)
f
File register address {0000h...1FFFh}
lit1
1-bit unsigned literal {0,1}
lit4
4-bit unsigned literal {0...15}
lit5
5-bit unsigned literal {0...31}
lit8
8-bit unsigned literal {0...255}
lit10
10-bit unsigned literal {0...255} for Byte mode, {0:1023} for Word mode
lit14
14-bit unsigned literal {0...16384}
lit16
16-bit unsigned literal {0...65535}
lit23
23-bit unsigned literal {0...8388608}; LSB must be ‘0’
None
Field does not require an entry, may be blank
PC
Program Counter
Slit10
10-bit signed literal {-512...511}
Slit16
16-bit signed literal {-32768...32767}
Slit6
6-bit signed literal {-16...16}
Wb
Base W register {W0..W15}
Wd
Destination W register { Wd, [Wd], [Wd++], [Wd--], [++Wd], [--Wd] }
Wdo
Destination W register
{ Wnd, [Wnd], [Wnd++], [Wnd--], [++Wnd], [--Wnd], [Wnd+Wb] }
Wm,Wn
Dividend, Divisor working register pair (direct addressing)
Wn
One of 16 working registers {W0..W15}
Wnd
One of 16 destination working registers {W0..W15}
Wns
One of 16 source working registers {W0..W15}
WREG
W0 (working register used in file register instructions)
Ws
Source W register { Ws, [Ws], [Ws++], [Ws--], [++Ws], [--Ws] }
Wso
Source W register { Wns, [Wns], [Wns++], [Wns--], [++Wns], [--Wns], [Wns+Wb] }
DS39927C-page 208
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 28-2:
INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW
Assembly
Mnemonic
ADD
ADDC
AND
ASR
BCLR
BRA
BSET
BSW
BTG
BTSC
Assembly Syntax
Description
# of
Words
# of
Cycles
Status Flags
Affected
ADD
f
f = f + WREG
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADD
f,WREG
WREG = f + WREG
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADD
#lit10,Wn
Wd = lit10 + Wd
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADD
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb + Ws
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADD
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb + lit5
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADDC
f
f = f + WREG + (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADDC
f,WREG
WREG = f + WREG + (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADDC
#lit10,Wn
Wd = lit10 + Wd + (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADDC
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb + Ws + (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
ADDC
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb + lit5 + (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
AND
f
f = f .AND. WREG
1
1
N, Z
AND
f,WREG
WREG = f .AND. WREG
1
1
N, Z
AND
#lit10,Wn
Wd = lit10 .AND. Wd
1
1
N, Z
AND
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb .AND. Ws
1
1
N, Z
AND
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb .AND. lit5
1
1
N, Z
ASR
f
f = Arithmetic Right Shift f
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
ASR
f,WREG
WREG = Arithmetic Right Shift f
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
ASR
Ws,Wd
Wd = Arithmetic Right Shift Ws
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
ASR
Wb,Wns,Wnd
Wnd = Arithmetic Right Shift Wb by Wns
1
1
N, Z
ASR
Wb,#lit5,Wnd
Wnd = Arithmetic Right Shift Wb by lit5
1
1
N, Z
BCLR
f,#bit4
Bit Clear f
1
1
None
BCLR
Ws,#bit4
Bit Clear Ws
1
1
None
BRA
C,Expr
Branch if Carry
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
GE,Expr
Branch if Greater than or Equal
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
GEU,Expr
Branch if Unsigned Greater than or Equal
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
GT,Expr
Branch if Greater than
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
GTU,Expr
Branch if Unsigned Greater than
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
LE,Expr
Branch if Less than or Equal
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
LEU,Expr
Branch if Unsigned Less than or Equal
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
LT,Expr
Branch if Less than
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
LTU,Expr
Branch if Unsigned Less than
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
N,Expr
Branch if Negative
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
NC,Expr
Branch if Not Carry
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
NN,Expr
Branch if Not Negative
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
NOV,Expr
Branch if Not Overflow
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
NZ,Expr
Branch if Not Zero
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
OV,Expr
Branch if Overflow
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
Expr
Branch Unconditionally
1
2
None
BRA
Z,Expr
Branch if Zero
1
1 (2)
None
BRA
Wn
Computed Branch
1
2
None
BSET
f,#bit4
Bit Set f
1
1
None
BSET
Ws,#bit4
Bit Set Ws
1
1
None
BSW.C
Ws,Wb
Write C bit to Ws
1
1
None
BSW.Z
Ws,Wb
Write Z bit to Ws
1
1
None
BTG
f,#bit4
Bit Toggle f
1
1
None
BTG
Ws,#bit4
Bit Toggle Ws
1
1
None
BTSC
f,#bit4
Bit Test f, Skip if Clear
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
BTSC
Ws,#bit4
Bit Test Ws, Skip if Clear
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 209
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 28-2:
INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW (CONTINUED)
Assembly
Mnemonic
BTSS
BTST
BTSTS
Assembly Syntax
# of
Words
Description
# of
Cycles
Status Flags
Affected
BTSS
f,#bit4
Bit Test f, Skip if Set
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
BTSS
Ws,#bit4
Bit Test Ws, Skip if Set
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
BTST
f,#bit4
Bit Test f
1
1
Z
BTST.C
Ws,#bit4
Bit Test Ws to C
1
1
C
BTST.Z
Ws,#bit4
Bit Test Ws to Z
1
1
Z
BTST.C
Ws,Wb
Bit Test Ws to C
1
1
C
Z
BTST.Z
Ws,Wb
Bit Test Ws to Z
1
1
BTSTS
f,#bit4
Bit Test then Set f
1
1
Z
BTSTS.C
Ws,#bit4
Bit Test Ws to C, then Set
1
1
C
BTSTS.Z
Ws,#bit4
Bit Test Ws to Z, then Set
1
1
Z
CALL
CALL
lit23
Call Subroutine
2
2
None
CALL
Wn
Call Indirect Subroutine
1
2
None
CLR
CLR
f
f = 0x0000
1
1
None
CLR
WREG
WREG = 0x0000
1
1
None
CLR
Ws
Ws = 0x0000
1
1
None
Clear Watchdog Timer
1
1
WDTO, Sleep
CLRWDT
CLRWDT
COM
COM
f
f=f
1
1
N, Z
COM
f,WREG
WREG = f
1
1
N, Z
COM
Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws
1
1
N, Z
CP
f
Compare f with WREG
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CP
Wb,#lit5
Compare Wb with lit5
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CP
Wb,Ws
Compare Wb with Ws (Wb – Ws)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CP0
CP0
f
Compare f with 0x0000
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CP0
Ws
Compare Ws with 0x0000
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CPB
CPB
f
Compare f with WREG, with Borrow
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CPB
Wb,#lit5
Compare Wb with lit5, with Borrow
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CPB
Wb,Ws
Compare Wb with Ws, with Borrow
(Wb – Ws – C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CPSEQ
CPSEQ
Wb,Wn
Compare Wb with Wn, Skip if =
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
CPSGT
CPSGT
Wb,Wn
Compare Wb with Wn, Skip if >
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
CPSLT
CPSLT
Wb,Wn
Compare Wb with Wn, Skip if <
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
CPSNE
CPSNE
Wb,Wn
Compare Wb with Wn, Skip if
1
1
None
(2 or 3)
DAW
DAW
Wn
Wn = Decimal Adjust Wn
1
1
DEC
DEC
f
f = f –1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
DEC
f,WREG
WREG = f –1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
CP
C
DEC
Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws – 1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
DEC2
f
f=f–2
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
DEC2
f,WREG
WREG = f – 2
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
DEC2
Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws – 2
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
DISI
DISI
#lit14
Disable Interrupts for k Instruction Cycles
1
1
None
DIV
DIV.SW
Wm,Wn
Signed 16/16-bit Integer Divide
1
18
N, Z, C, OV
DIV.SD
Wm,Wn
Signed 32/16-bit Integer Divide
1
18
N, Z, C, OV
DIV.UW
Wm,Wn
Unsigned 16/16-bit Integer Divide
1
18
N, Z, C, OV
DIV.UD
Wm,Wn
Unsigned 32/16-bit Integer Divide
1
18
N, Z, C, OV
EXCH
EXCH
Wns,Wnd
Swap Wns with Wnd
1
1
None
FF1L
FF1L
Ws,Wnd
Find First One from Left (MSb) Side
1
1
C
FF1R
FF1R
Ws,Wnd
Find First One from Right (LSb) Side
1
1
C
DEC2
DS39927C-page 210
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 28-2:
INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW (CONTINUED)
Assembly
Mnemonic
GOTO
INC
INC2
Assembly Syntax
Description
# of
Words
# of
Cycles
Status Flags
Affected
GOTO
Expr
Go to Address
2
2
None
GOTO
Wn
Go to Indirect
1
2
None
INC
f
f=f+1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
INC
f,WREG
WREG = f + 1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
C, DC, N, OV, Z
INC
Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws + 1
1
1
INC2
f
f=f+2
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
INC2
f,WREG
WREG = f + 2
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
C, DC, N, OV, Z
INC2
Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws + 2
1
1
IOR
f
f = f .IOR. WREG
1
1
N, Z
IOR
f,WREG
WREG = f .IOR. WREG
1
1
N, Z
IOR
#lit10,Wn
Wd = lit10 .IOR. Wd
1
1
N, Z
IOR
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb .IOR. Ws
1
1
N, Z
IOR
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb .IOR. lit5
1
1
N, Z
LNK
LNK
#lit14
Link Frame Pointer
1
1
None
LSR
LSR
f
f = Logical Right Shift f
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
LSR
f,WREG
WREG = Logical Right Shift f
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
LSR
Ws,Wd
Wd = Logical Right Shift Ws
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
LSR
Wb,Wns,Wnd
Wnd = Logical Right Shift Wb by Wns
1
1
N, Z
LSR
Wb,#lit5,Wnd
Wnd = Logical Right Shift Wb by lit5
1
1
N, Z
MOV
f,Wn
Move f to Wn
1
1
None
MOV
[Wns+Slit10],Wnd
Move [Wns+Slit10] to Wnd
1
1
None
MOV
f
Move f to f
1
1
N, Z
MOV
f,WREG
Move f to WREG
1
1
N, Z
MOV
#lit16,Wn
Move 16-bit Literal to Wn
1
1
None
MOV.b
#lit8,Wn
Move 8-bit Literal to Wn
1
1
None
MOV
Wn,f
Move Wn to f
1
1
None
MOV
Wns,[Wns+Slit10]
Move Wns to [Wns+Slit10]
1
1
None
MOV
Wso,Wdo
Move Ws to Wd
1
1
None
MOV
WREG,f
Move WREG to f
1
1
N, Z
MOV.D
Wns,Wd
Move Double from W(ns):W(ns+1) to Wd
1
2
None
MOV.D
Ws,Wnd
Move Double from Ws to W(nd+1):W(nd)
1
2
None
MUL.SS
Wb,Ws,Wnd
{Wnd+1, Wnd} = Signed(Wb) * Signed(Ws)
1
1
None
MUL.SU
Wb,Ws,Wnd
{Wnd+1, Wnd} = Signed(Wb) * Unsigned(Ws)
1
1
None
MUL.US
Wb,Ws,Wnd
{Wnd+1, Wnd} = Unsigned(Wb) * Signed(Ws)
1
1
None
MUL.UU
Wb,Ws,Wnd
{Wnd+1, Wnd} = Unsigned(Wb) * Unsigned(Ws)
1
1
None
MUL.SU
Wb,#lit5,Wnd
{Wnd+1, Wnd} = Signed(Wb) * Unsigned(lit5)
1
1
None
MUL.UU
Wb,#lit5,Wnd
{Wnd+1, Wnd} = Unsigned(Wb) * Unsigned(lit5)
1
1
None
MUL
f
W3:W2 = f * WREG
1
1
None
NEG
f
f=f+1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
NEG
f,WREG
WREG = f + 1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
NEG
Ws,Wd
IOR
MOV
MUL
NEG
NOP
POP
Wd = Ws + 1
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
NOP
No Operation
1
1
None
NOPR
No Operation
1
1
None
POP
f
Pop f from Top-of-Stack (TOS)
1
1
None
POP
Wdo
Pop from Top-of-Stack (TOS) to Wdo
1
1
None
POP.D
Wnd
Pop from Top-of-Stack (TOS) to W(nd):W(nd+1)
1
2
None
Pop Shadow Registers
1
1
All
POP.S
PUSH
PUSH
f
Push f to Top-of-Stack (TOS)
1
1
None
PUSH
Wso
Push Wso to Top-of-Stack (TOS)
1
1
None
PUSH.D
Wns
Push W(ns):W(ns+1) to Top-of-Stack (TOS)
1
2
None
Push Shadow Registers
1
1
None
PUSH.S
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 211
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 28-2:
INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW (CONTINUED)
Assembly
Mnemonic
Assembly Syntax
Description
# of
Words
# of
Cycles
Status Flags
Affected
PWRSAV
PWRSAV
#lit1
Go into Sleep or Idle mode
1
1
WDTO, Sleep
RCALL
RCALL
Expr
Relative Call
1
2
None
RCALL
Wn
Computed Call
1
2
None
REPEAT
REPEAT
#lit14
Repeat Next Instruction lit14 + 1 times
1
1
None
REPEAT
Wn
Repeat Next Instruction (Wn) + 1 times
1
1
None
RESET
RESET
Software Device Reset
1
1
None
RETFIE
RETFIE
Return from Interrupt
1
3 (2)
None
RETLW
RETLW
Return with Literal in Wn
1
3 (2)
None
RETURN
RETURN
Return from Subroutine
1
3 (2)
None
RLC
RLC
f
f = Rotate Left through Carry f
1
1
C, N, Z
RLC
f,WREG
WREG = Rotate Left through Carry f
1
1
C, N, Z
C, N, Z
RLNC
RRC
RRNC
#lit10,Wn
RLC
Ws,Wd
Wd = Rotate Left through Carry Ws
1
1
RLNC
f
f = Rotate Left (No Carry) f
1
1
N, Z
RLNC
f,WREG
WREG = Rotate Left (No Carry) f
1
1
N, Z
N, Z
RLNC
Ws,Wd
Wd = Rotate Left (No Carry) Ws
1
1
RRC
f
f = Rotate Right through Carry f
1
1
C, N, Z
RRC
f,WREG
WREG = Rotate Right through Carry f
1
1
C, N, Z
RRC
Ws,Wd
Wd = Rotate Right through Carry Ws
1
1
C, N, Z
RRNC
f
f = Rotate Right (No Carry) f
1
1
N, Z
RRNC
f,WREG
WREG = Rotate Right (No Carry) f
1
1
N, Z
RRNC
Ws,Wd
Wd = Rotate Right (No Carry) Ws
1
1
N, Z
SE
SE
Ws,Wnd
Wnd = Sign-Extended Ws
1
1
C, N, Z
SETM
SETM
f
f = FFFFh
1
1
None
SETM
WREG
WREG = FFFFh
1
1
None
SETM
Ws
Ws = FFFFh
1
1
None
SL
f
f = Left Shift f
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
SL
f,WREG
WREG = Left Shift f
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
SL
Ws,Wd
Wd = Left Shift Ws
1
1
C, N, OV, Z
SL
Wb,Wns,Wnd
Wnd = Left Shift Wb by Wns
1
1
N, Z
SL
Wb,#lit5,Wnd
Wnd = Left Shift Wb by lit5
1
1
N, Z
SUB
f
f = f – WREG
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUB
f,WREG
WREG = f – WREG
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUB
#lit10,Wn
Wn = Wn – lit10
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUB
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb – Ws
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUB
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb – lit5
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBB
f
f = f – WREG – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBB
f,WREG
WREG = f – WREG – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBB
#lit10,Wn
Wn = Wn – lit10 – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBB
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb – Ws – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SL
SUB
SUBB
SUBR
SUBBR
SWAP
TBLRDH
SUBB
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb – lit5 – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBR
f
f = WREG – f
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBR
f,WREG
WREG = WREG – f
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBR
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws – Wb
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBR
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = lit5 – Wb
1
1
SUBBR
f
f = WREG – f – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBBR
f,WREG
WREG = WREG – f – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBBR
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Ws – Wb – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SUBBR
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = lit5 – Wb – (C)
1
1
C, DC, N, OV, Z
SWAP.b
Wn
Wn = Nibble Swap Wn
1
1
None
SWAP
Wn
Wn = Byte Swap Wn
1
1
None
TBLRDH
Ws,Wd
Read Prog to Wd
1
2
None
DS39927C-page 212
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 28-2:
INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW (CONTINUED)
Assembly
Mnemonic
Assembly Syntax
Description
# of
Words
# of
Cycles
Status Flags
Affected
TBLRDL
TBLRDL
Ws,Wd
Read Prog to Wd
1
2
None
TBLWTH
TBLWTH
Ws,Wd
Write Ws to Prog
1
2
None
TBLWTL
TBLWTL
Ws,Wd
Write Ws to Prog
1
2
None
ULNK
ULNK
Unlink Frame Pointer
1
1
None
XOR
XOR
f
f = f .XOR. WREG
1
1
N, Z
XOR
f,WREG
WREG = f .XOR. WREG
1
1
N, Z
XOR
#lit10,Wn
Wd = lit10 .XOR. Wd
1
1
N, Z
XOR
Wb,Ws,Wd
Wd = Wb .XOR. Ws
1
1
N, Z
XOR
Wb,#lit5,Wd
Wd = Wb .XOR. lit5
1
1
N, Z
ZE
Ws,Wnd
Wnd = Zero-Extend Ws
1
1
C, Z, N
ZE
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 213
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 214
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
29.0
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
This section provides an overview of the PIC24F16KA102 family electrical characteristics. Additional information will be
provided in future revisions of this document as it becomes available.
Absolute maximum ratings for the PIC24F16KA102 family are listed below. Exposure to these maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Functional operation of the device at these, or any other
conditions above the parameters indicated in the operation listings of this specification, is not implied.
Absolute Maximum Ratings(†)
Ambient temperature under bias.............................................................................................................-40°C to +125°C
Storage temperature .............................................................................................................................. -65°C to +175°C
Voltage on VDD with respect to VSS ......................................................................................................... -0.3V to +5.0V
Voltage on any combined analog and digital pin, with respect to VSS ........................................... -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)
Voltage on any digital only pin with respect to VSS ....................................................................... -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)
Voltage on MCLR/VPP pin with respect to VSS ......................................................................................... -0.3V to +9.0V
Maximum current out of VSS pin ...........................................................................................................................300 mA
Maximum current into VDD pin (1) ..........................................................................................................................250 mA
Maximum output current sunk by any I/O pin..........................................................................................................25 mA
Maximum output current sourced by any I/O pin ....................................................................................................25 mA
Maximum current sunk by all ports .......................................................................................................................200 mA
Maximum current sourced by all ports (1) ..............................................................................................................200 mA
Note 1:
†
Maximum allowable current is a function of device maximum power dissipation (see Table 29-1).
NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the
device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above
those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions
for extended periods may affect device reliability.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 215
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
29.1
DC Characteristics
Voltage (VDD)
FIGURE 29-1:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY GRAPH (INDUSTRIAL)
3.60V
3.60V
3.00V
3.00V
1.80V
0
0
8 MHz
16 MHz
24 MHz
32 MHz
Frequency (MHz)
Note: For Industrial temperatures, for frequencies between 8 MHz and 32 MHz,
FMAX = (20 MHz/V) * (VDD – 1.8V) + 8 MHz.
Voltage (VDD)
FIGURE 29-2:
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY GRAPH
(INDUSTRIAL, EXTENDED)
3.60V
3.60V
3.00V
3.00V
1.80V
0
0
8 MHz
16 MHz
24 MHz
32 MHz
Frequency (MHz)
Note: For Extended temperatures, for frequencies between 8 MHz and 24 MHz,
FMAX = (13.33 MHz/V) * (VDD – 1.8V) + 8 MHz.
DS39927C-page 216
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-1:
THERMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS
Rating
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Operating Junction Temperature Range
TJ
-40
—
+175
°C
Operating Ambient Temperature Range
TA
-40
—
+125
°C
Power Dissipation:
Internal Chip Power Dissipation:
PINT = VDD x (IDD – IOH)
PD
PINT + PI/O
W
PDMAX
(TJ – TA)/JA
W
I/O Pin Power Dissipation:
PI/O = ({VDD – VOH} x IOH) + (VOL x IOL)
Maximum Allowed Power Dissipation
TABLE 29-2:
THERMAL PACKAGING CHARACTERISTICS
Characteristic
Symbol
Typ
Max
Unit
Notes
Package Thermal Resistance, 20-Pin PDIP
JA
62.4
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 28-Pin SPDIP
JA
60
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 20-Pin SSOP
JA
108
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 28-Pin SSOP
JA
71
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 20-Pin SOIC
JA
75
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 28-Pin SOIC
JA
80.2
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 20-Pin QFN
JA
43
—
°C/W
1
Package Thermal Resistance, 28-Pin QFN
JA
32
—
°C/W
1
Note 1:
Junction to ambient thermal resistance, Theta-JA (JA) numbers are achieved by package simulations.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 217
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-3:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: TEMPERATURE AND VOLTAGE SPECIFICATIONS
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
Symbol
No.
Characteristic
Min
Typ(1)
Max Units
DC10
VDD
Supply Voltage
1.8
—
3.6
V
DC12
VDR
RAM Data Retention
Voltage(2)
1.5
—
—
V
DC16
VPOR
VDD Start Voltage
to Ensure Internal
Power-on Reset Signal
VSS
—
0.7
V
DC17
SVDD
VDD Rise Rate
to Ensure Internal
Power-on Reset Signal
0.05
—
—
Note 1:
2:
Conditions
V/ms 0-3.3V in 0.1s
0-2.5V in 60 ms
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
This is the limit to which VDD can be lowered without losing RAM data.
TABLE 29-4:
HIGH/LOW–VOLTAGE DETECT CHARACTERISTICS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Param
Symbol
No.
DC18
VHLVD
DS39927C-page 218
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Units
HLVD Voltage on VDD HLVDL = 0000
Transition
HLVDL = 0001
—
1.85
1.94
V
1.81
1.90
2.00
V
HLVDL = 0010
1.85
1.95
2.05
V
HLVDL = 0011
1.90
2.00
2.10
V
HLVDL = 0100
1.95
2.05
2.15
V
HLVDL = 0101
2.06
2.17
2.28
V
HLVDL = 0110
2.12
2.23
2.34
V
HLVDL = 0111
2.24
2.36
2.48
V
HLVDL = 1000
2.31
2.43
2.55
V
HLVDL = 1001
2.47
2.60
2.73
V
HLVDL = 1010
2.64
2.78
2.92
V
HLVDL = 1011
2.74
2.88
3.02
V
HLVDL = 1100
2.85
3.00
3.15
V
HLVDL = 1101
2.96
3.12
3.28
V
HLVDL = 1110
3.22
3.39
3.56
V
Conditions
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-3:
BROWN-OUT RESET CHARACTERISTICS
VDDCORE
(Device not in Brown-out Reset)
BO15
BO10
(Device in Brown-out Reset)
SY25
Reset (Due to BOR)
TABLE 29-5:
TVREG + TRST
BOR TRIP POINTS
Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Param
No.
DC19
DC14
Sym
VBOR
VBHYS
Note 1:
Characteristic
Min
Typ
BOR Voltage on VDD Transition BOR = 00
—
—
—
—
BOR = 01
2.92
3
3.08
V
BOR = 10
2.63
2.7
2.77
V
BOR = 11
1.75
1.82 1.85
BOR Hysteresis
—
5
Max Units
—
Conditions
LPBOR(1)
V
mV
LPBOR re-arms the POR circuit, but does not cause a BOR. LPBOR can be used to ensure a POR after the supply voltage rises to a safe operating level. It does not stop code execution after the supply voltage falls below a
chosen trip point.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 219
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-6:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: OPERATING CURRENT (IDD)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter No.
Typical(1)
IDD Current(2)
DC20
DS20a
DC20b
DC20c
DC20d
DC20e
DC20f
DC20g
DC20h
DC20i
DC22
DC22a
DC22b
DC22c
DC22d
DC22e
DC22f
DC22g
DC22h
DC22i
DC23
DC23a
DC23b
DC23c
DC23d
DC27
DC27a
DC27b
DC27c
DC27d
DC27e
DC27f
DC27g
DC27h
DC27i
Note 1:
2:
195
365
363
695
11
Max
330
330
330
330
500
590
590
645
720
800
600
600
600
600
800
1100
1100
1100
1100
1500
18
18
18
18
18
3.40
Units
A
A
A
A
mA
Conditions
-40°C
+25°C
+60°C
+85°C
+125°C
-40°C
+25°C
+60°C
+85°C
+125°C
-40°C
+25°C
+60°C
+85°C
+125°C
-40°C
+25°C
+60°C
+85°C
+125°C
-40°C
+25°C
+60°C
+85°C
+125°C
-40°C
1.8V
0.5 MIPS,
FOSC = 1 MHz
3.3V
1.8V
1 MIPS,
FOSC = 2 MHz
3.3V
3.3V
16 MIPS,
FOSC = 32 MHz
3.40
+25°C
mA
2.5V
3.40
+60°C
3.40
+85°C
3.40
+125°C
FRC (4 MIPS),
FOSC = 8 MHz
4.60
-40°C
4.60
+25°C
3.05
4.60
mA
+60°C
3.3V
4.60
+85°C
5.40
+125°C
Data in “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and
are not tested.
Operating Parameters:
• EC mode with clock input driven with a square wave rail-to-rail
• I/Os are configured as outputs, driven low
• MCLR – VDD
• WDT FSCM is disabled
• SRAM, program and data memory are active
• All PMD bits are set except for modules being measured
DS39927C-page 220
2.25
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-6:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: OPERATING CURRENT (IDD) (CONTINUED)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter No.
IDD Current(2)
DC31
DC31a
DC31b
DC31c
DC31d
DC31e
DC31f
DC31g
DC31h
Note 1:
2:
Typical(1)
8
Max
28
28
28
28
55
Units
A
Conditions
-40°C
+25°C
+60°C
+85°C
-40°C
1.8V
LPRC (31 kHz)
55
+25°C
15
55
A
+60°C
3.3V
55
+85°C
250
+125°C
Data in “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and
are not tested.
Operating Parameters:
• EC mode with clock input driven with a square wave rail-to-rail
• I/Os are configured as outputs, driven low
• MCLR – VDD
• WDT FSCM is disabled
• SRAM, program and data memory are active
• All PMD bits are set except for modules being measured
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 221
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-7:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: IDLE CURRENT (IIDLE)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param No.
Typical(1)
Max
Units
Conditions
(2)
Idle Current (IIDLE): Core Off, Clock on Base Current, PMD Bits are Set
DC40
100
-40°C
DC40a
100
+25°C
DC40b
100
+60°C
48
A
1.8V
DC40c
100
+85°C
DC40d
100
+125°C
0.5 MIPS,
FOSC = 1 MHz
DC40e
215
-40°C
DC40f
215
+25°C
DC40g
106
215
A
+60°C
3.3V
DC40h
215
+85°C
DC40i
450
+125°C
DC42
200
-40°C
DC42a
200
+25°C
94
A
1.8V
DC42b
200
+60°C
DC42c
200
+85°C
DC42d
300
+125°C
1 MIPS,
FOSC = 2 MHz
DC42e
395
-40°C
DC42f
395
+25°C
DC42g
160
395
A
+60°C
3.3V
DC42h
395
+85°C
DC42i
600
+125°C
DC43
6.0
-40°C
DC43a
6.0
+25°C
16 MIPS,
3.1
mA
3.3V
DC43b
6.0
+60°C
FOSC = 32 MHz
DC43c
6.0
+85°C
DC43d
6.0
+125°C
0.74
-40°C
DC44
DC44a
0.74
+25°C
DC44b
0.74
+60°C
0.56
mA
1.8V
DC44c
0.74
+85°C
DC44d
0.74
+125°C
FRC (4 MIPS),
FOSC = 8 MHz
DC44e
1.50
-40°C
DC44f
1.50
+25°C
DC44g
0.95
1.50
mA
+60°C
3.3V
DC44h
1.50
+85°C
DC44i
1.50
+125°C
Note 1: Data in “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance
only and are not tested.
2: Operating Parameters:
• Core is off
• EC mode with the clock input driven with a square wave rail-to-rail
• I/Os are configured as outputs, driven low
• MCLR – VDD
• WDT FSCM are disabled
• SRAM, program and data memory are active
• All PMD bits are set except for the modules being measured
DS39927C-page 222
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-7:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: IDLE CURRENT (IIDLE) (CONTINUED)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param No.
Typical(1)
Max
Units
Conditions
(2)
Idle Current (IIDLE): Core Off, Clock on Base Current, PMD Bits are Set
DC50
18
-40°C
DC50a
18
+25°C
2
1.8V
DC50b
18
+60°C
DC50c
18
+85°C
DC50d
40
-40°C
LPRC (31 kHz)
A
DC50e
40
+25°C
DC50f
4
40
+60°C
3.3V
DC50g
40
+85°C
DC50h
60
+125°C
Note 1: Data in “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance
only and are not tested.
2: Operating Parameters:
• Core is off
• EC mode with the clock input driven with a square wave rail-to-rail
• I/Os are configured as outputs, driven low
• MCLR – VDD
• WDT FSCM are disabled
• SRAM, program and data memory are active
• All PMD bits are set except for the modules being measured
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 223
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-8:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: POWER-DOWN CURRENT (IPD)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
No.
Typical(1)
Max
Units
Conditions
Power-Down Current (IPD): PMD Bits are Set, PMSLP Bit is ‘0’(2)
DC60
0.200
-40°C
DC60a
0.200
+25°C
DC60b
0.025
0.870
A
+60°C
DC60c
1.350
+85°C
DC60d
10.00
+125°C
DC60e
0.540
-40°C
DC60f
0.540
+25°C
DC60g
0.105
1.680
A
+60°C
DC60h
2.450
+85°C
DC60i
11.00
+125°C
DC70
0.150
-40°C
DC70a
0.150
+25°C
DC70b
0.020
0.430
A
+60°C
DC70c
0.630
+85°C
DC70d
3.00
+125°C
DC70e
0.300
-40°C
DC70f
0.300
DC70g
0.035
0.700
+60°C
0.980
+85°C
DC70i
5.00
+125°C
DC61
0.65
-40°C
0.65
DC61b
0.55
0.65
+60°C
0.65
+85°C
DC61d
1.20
+125°C
DC61e
0.95
-40°C
0.95
DC61g
0.87
DC61h
DC61i
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
0.95
3.3V
1.8V
Base Deep Sleep Current
3.3V
+25°C
A
DC61c
DC61f
Base Power-Down Current
(Sleep)(3)
+25°C
A
DC70h
DC61a
1.8V
1.8V
Watchdog Timer Current (WDT)(3,4)
+25°C
A
+60°C
0.95
+85°C
1.50
+125°C
3.3V
Data in the “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
Base IPD is measured with all peripherals and clocks shut down. All I/Os are configured as outputs and set low.
WDT, etc., are all switched off.
The current is the additional current consumed when the module is enabled. This current should be added to
the base IPD current.
Current applies to Sleep only.
Current applies to Sleep and Deep Sleep.
Current applies to Deep Sleep only.
DS39927C-page 224
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-8:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: POWER-DOWN CURRENT (IPD) (CONTINUED)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
No.
Typical(1)
Max
Units
Conditions
Power-Down Current (IPD): PMD Bits are Set, PMSLP Bit is ‘0’(2)
DC62
0.650
-40°C
DC62a
0.650
+25°C
DC62b
0.450
0.650
A
+60°C
DC62c
0.650
+85°C
DC62d
—
+125°C
DC62e
0.980
-40°C
DC62f
0.980
DC62g
0.730
0.980
+60°C
0.980
+85°C
DC62i
—
+125°C
DC64
7.10
-40°C
DC64b
7.10
5.5
7.80
+60°C
8.30
+85°C
DC64d
10.00
+125°C
DC64e
7.10
-40°C
7.10
DC64g
6.2
7.80
+60°C
8.30
+85°C
DC64i
9.00
+125°C
DC63
6.60
-40°C
DC63a
6.60
+25°C
4.5
6.60
A
+60°C
DC63c
6.60
+85°C
DC63d
9.00
+125°C
DC62
0.65
-40°C
DC62a
0.65
+25°C
DC62b
0.49
0.65
A
+60°C
DC62c
0.65
+85°C
DC62d
0.98
+125°C
DC62e
0.98
-40°C
DC62f
0.98
+25°C
DC62g
0.80
0.98
A
+60°C
DC62h
0.98
+85°C
DC62i
0.98
+125°C
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
1.8V
HLVD(3,4)
+25°C
A
DC64h
DC63b
3.3V
+25°C
A
DC64c
DC64f
Timer1 w/32 kHz Crystal: T132
(SOSC – LP)(3)
+25°C
A
DC62h
DC64a
1.8V
3.3V
3.3V
BOR(3,4)
1.8V
RTCC(3,5)
3.3V
Data in the “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
Base IPD is measured with all peripherals and clocks shut down. All I/Os are configured as outputs and set low.
WDT, etc., are all switched off.
The current is the additional current consumed when the module is enabled. This current should be added to
the base IPD current.
Current applies to Sleep only.
Current applies to Sleep and Deep Sleep.
Current applies to Deep Sleep only.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 225
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-8:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: POWER-DOWN CURRENT (IPD) (CONTINUED)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Parameter
No.
Typical(1)
Max
Units
Conditions
Power-Down Current (IPD): PMD Bits are Set, PMSLP Bit is ‘0’(2)
DC70
0.200
-40°C
DC70a
0.200
+25°C
DC70b
0.045
DC70c
0.200
A
+60°C
0.200
+85°C
DC70d
1.45
+125°C
DC70e
0.200
-40°C
DC70f
0.200
+25°C
DC70g
0.095
0.200
A
+60°C
DC70h
0.200
+85°C
DC70i
1.55
+125°C
DC71
0.55
-40°C
DC71a
0.55
+25°C
DC71b
0.35
0.55
A
+60°C
DC71c
0.55
+85°C
DC71d
1.70
+125°C
DC71e
0.75
-40°C
DC71f
0.75
DC71g
0.55
0.75
+60°C
0.75
+85°C
DC71i
2.10
+125°C
DC72
0.200
-40°C
DC72a
0.200
+25°C
0.005
0.200
A
+60°C
DC72c
0.200
+85°C
DC72d
0.200
+125°C
DC72e
0.200
-40°C
DC72f
0.200
DC72g
0.010
0.200
+60°C
0.200
+85°C
DC72i
0.200
+125°C
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
3.3V
1.8V
Deep Sleep Watchdog Timer:
DSWDT (SOSC – LP)(6)
3.3V
1.8V
Deep Sleep BOR (DSBOR)(6)
+25°C
A
DC72h
Note 1:
LPBOR(3,4)
+25°C
A
DC71h
DC72b
1.8V
3.3V
Data in the “Typical” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
Base IPD is measured with all peripherals and clocks shut down. All I/Os are configured as outputs and set low.
WDT, etc., are all switched off.
The current is the additional current consumed when the module is enabled. This current should be added to
the base IPD current.
Current applies to Sleep only.
Current applies to Sleep and Deep Sleep.
Current applies to Deep Sleep only.
DS39927C-page 226
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-9:
DC CHARACTERISTICS: I/O PIN INPUT SPECIFICATIONS
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Sym
VIL
Characteristic
Input Low Voltage(4)
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
—
—
—
—
DI10
I/O Pins
VSS
—
0.2 VDD
V
DI15
MCLR
VSS
—
0.2 VDD
V
DI16
OSCI (XT mode)
VSS
—
0.2 VDD
V
DI17
OSCI (HS mode)
VSS
—
0.2 VDD
V
2
Conditions
DI18
I/O Pins with I C™ Buffer
VSS
—
0.3 VDD
V
SMBus disabled
DI19
I/O Pins with SMBus Buffer
VSS
—
0.8
V
SMBus enabled
VIH(5)
Input High Voltage(4)
—
—
—
—
I/O Pins:
with Analog Functions
Digital Only
0.8 VDD
0.8 VDD
—
—
VDD
VDD
V
V
DI25
MCLR
0.8 VDD
—
VDD
V
DI26
OSCI (XT mode)
0.7 VDD
—
VDD
V
DI27
OSCI (HS mode)
0.7 VDD
—
VDD
V
DI28
2C
0.7 VDD
0.7 VDD
—
—
VDD
VDD
V
V
2.1
—
VDD
V
2.5V VPIN VDD
50
250
500
A
VDD = 3.3V, VPIN = VSS
DI20
I/O Pins with I Buffer:
with Analog Functions
Digital Only
DI29
I/O Pins with SMBus
DI30
ICNPU CNx Pull-up Current
IIL
Input Leakage
Current(2,3)
DI50
I/O Ports
—
0.050
±0.100
A
VSS VPIN VDD,
Pin at high-impedance
DI51
VREF+, VREF-, AN0, AN1
—
0.300
±0.500
A
VSS VPIN VDD,
Pin at high-impedance
DI55
MCLR
—
—
±5.0
A
VSS VPIN VDD
DI56
OSCI
—
—
±5.0
A
VSS VPIN VDD,
XT and HS modes
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
The leakage current on the MCLR pin is strongly dependent on the applied voltage level. The specified
levels represent normal operating conditions. Higher leakage current may be measured at different input
voltages.
Negative current is defined as current sourced by the pin.
Refer to Table 1-2 for I/O pin buffer types.
VIH requirements are met when internal pull-ups are enabled.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 227
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-10: DC CHARACTERISTICS: I/O PIN OUTPUT SPECIFICATIONS
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Sym
VOL
Characteristic
All I/O Pins
DO16
OSC2/CLKO
VOH
DO26
Note 1:
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
—
—
0.4
V
—
—
0.4
V
IOL = 3.5 mA, VDD = 2.0V
—
—
0.4
V
IOL = 8.0 mA, VDD = 3.6V
—
—
0.4
V
IOL = 4.5 mA, VDD = 1.8V
Conditions
Output Low Voltage
DO10
DO20
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
IOL = 4.0 mA, VDD = 3.6V
Output High Voltage
All I/O Pins
OSC2/CLKO
3
—
—
V
IOH = -3.0 mA, VDD = 3.6V
1.8
—
—
V
IOH = -1.0 mA, VDD = 2.0V
3
—
—
V
IOH = -2.5 mA, VDD = 3.6V
1.8
—
—
V
IOH = -1.0 mA, VDD = 2.0V
Data in “Typ” column is at 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and are not
tested.
DS39927C-page 228
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-11: DC CHARACTERISTICS: PROGRAM MEMORY
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Sym
Characteristic
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Min
Typ(1)
10,000(2)
VMIN
Max
Units
—
—
E/W
—
3.6
V
Conditions
Program Flash Memory
D130
EP
Cell Endurance
D131
VPR
VDD for Read
Self-Timed Write Cycle Time
D133A
TIW
—
2
—
ms
D134
TRETD Characteristic Retention
40
—
—
Year
D135
IDDP
—
10
—
mA
Note 1:
2:
Supply Current During
Programming
VMIN = Minimum operating voltage
Provided no other specifications are
violated
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated.
Self-write and block erase.
TABLE 29-12: DC CHARACTERISTICS: DATA EEPROM MEMORY
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Sym
Characteristic
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Min
Typ(1)
100,000
VMIN
Max
Units
—
—
E/W
—
3.6
V
Conditions
Data EEPROM Memory
D140
EPD
Cell Endurance
D141
VPRD
VDD for Read
D143A
TIWD
Self-Timed Write Cycle
Time
—
4
—
ms
D143B
TREF
Number of Total Write/Erase
Cycles Before Refresh
—
10M
—
E/W
D144
TRETDD Characteristic Retention
40
—
—
Year
D145
IDDPD
—
7
—
mA
Note 1:
Supply Current During
Programming
VMIN = Minimum operating voltage
Provided no other specifications are
violated
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 229
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-13: COMPARATOR DC SPECIFICATIONS
Operating Conditions: 2.0V < VDD < 3.6V
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Units
D300
VIOFF
Input Offset Voltage*
—
20
40
mV
D301
VICM
Input Common Mode Voltage*
0
—
VDD
V
D302
CMRR
Common Mode Rejection
Ratio*
55
—
—
dB
Comments
* Parameters are characterized but not tested.
TABLE 29-14: COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE DC SPECIFICATIONS
Operating Conditions: 2.0V < VDD < 3.6V
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Units
VRD310 CVRES
Resolution
VDD/24
—
VDD/32
LSb
VRD311 CVRAA
Absolute Accuracy
—
—
AVDD – 1.5
LSb
VRD312 CVRUR
Unit Resistor Value (R)
—
2k
—
Comments
TABLE 29-15: INTERNAL VOLTAGE REFERENCES
Operating Conditions: 2.0V < VDD < 3.6V
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
VBG
Internal Band Gap Reference
TIRVST
Internal Reference Stabilization Time
Typ
Max
Units
1.14
1.2
1.26
V
—
200
250
s
Comments
TABLE 29-16: CTMU CURRENT SOURCE SPECIFICATIONS
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
Sym
No.
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
IOUT1 CTMU Current Source,
Base Range
—
550
—
nA
CTMUICON = 01
IOUT2 CTMU Current Source,
10x Range
—
5.5
—
A
CTMUICON = 10
IOUT3 CTMU Current Source,
100x Range
—
55
—
A
CTMUICON = 11
Note 1:
Characteristic
Conditions
Nominal value at the center point of the current trim range (CTMUICON = 000000).
DS39927C-page 230
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
29.2
AC Characteristics and Timing Parameters
The information contained in this section defines the PIC24F16KA102 family AC characteristics and timing parameters.
TABLE 29-17: TEMPERATURE AND VOLTAGE SPECIFICATIONS – AC
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Operating voltage VDD range as described in Section 29.1 “DC Characteristics”.
AC CHARACTERISTICS
FIGURE 29-4:
LOAD CONDITIONS FOR DEVICE TIMING SPECIFICATIONS
Load Condition 1 – for all pins except OSCO
Load Condition 2 – for OSCO
VDD/2
CL
Pin
RL
VSS
CL
Pin
RL = 464
CL = 50 pF for all pins except OSCO
15 pF for OSCO output
VSS
TABLE 29-18: CAPACITIVE LOADING REQUIREMENTS ON OUTPUT PINS
Param
Symbol
No.
DO50
Characteristic
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
Conditions
15
pF
In XT and HS modes when
external clock is used to drive
OSCI
COSC2
OSCO/CLKO pin
—
—
DO56
CIO
All I/O Pins and OSCO
—
—
50
pF
EC mode
DO58
CB
SCLx, SDAx
—
—
400
pF
In I2C™ mode
Note 1:
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 231
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-5:
EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMING
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q1
Q2
Q3
OSCI
OS20
OS30
OS31
OS30
OS31
OS25
CLKO
OS40
OS41
TABLE 29-19: EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMING REQUIREMENTS
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8 to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
Sym
No.
OS10
Characteristic
FOSC External CLKI Frequency
(External clocks allowed
only in EC mode)(2)
Oscillator Frequency(2)
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
DC
4
—
—
32
8
MHz
MHz
EC
ECPLL
0.2
4
4
31
—
—
—
—
4
25
8
33
MHz
MHz
MHz
kHz
XT
HS
HSPLL
SOSC
—
—
—
—
62.5
—
DC
ns
Conditions
OS20
TOSC TOSC = 1/FOSC
OS25
TCY
OS30
TosL, External Clock in (OSCI)
TosH High or Low Time
0.45 x TOSC
—
—
ns
EC
OS31
TosR, External Clock in (OSCI)
TosF Rise or Fall Time
—
—
20
ns
EC
OS40
TckR
—
6
10
ns
—
6
10
ns
OS41
TckF
Note 1:
2:
3:
4:
Instruction Cycle Time(3)
CLKO Rise Time(4)
CLKO Fall
Time(4)
See Parameter OS10 for FOSC
value
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
Refer to Figure 29-1 for the minimum voltage at a given frequency.
Instruction cycle period (TCY) equals two times the input oscillator time base period. All specified values are
based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard operating conditions with
the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an unstable oscillator operation
and/or higher than expected current consumption. All devices are tested to operate at “Min.” values with an
external clock applied to the OSCI/CLKI pin. When an external clock input is used, the “Max.” cycle time
limit is “DC” (no clock) for all devices.
Measurements are taken in EC mode. The CLKO signal is measured on the OSCO pin. CLKO is low for the
Q1-Q2 period (1/2 TCY) and high for the Q3-Q4 period (1/2 TCY).
DS39927C-page 232
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-20: PLL CLOCK TIMING SPECIFICATIONS (VDD = 1.8V TO 3.6V)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Sym
Characteristic(1)
Min
Typ(2)
Max
Units
Conditions
OS50
FPLLI
PLL Input Frequency
Range
4
—
8
MHz
ECPLL, HSPLL modes,
-40°C TA +85°C
OS51
FSYS
PLL Output Frequency
Range
16
—
32
MHz
-40°C TA +85°C
OS52
TLOCK PLL Start-up Time
(Lock Time)
—
1
2
ms
OS53
DCLK
-2
1
2
%
Note 1:
2:
CLKO Stability (Jitter)
Measured over a 100 ms
period
These parameters are characterized but not tested in manufacturing.
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only
and are not tested.
TABLE 29-21: AC CHARACTERISTICS: INTERNAL RC ACCURACY
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Characteristic
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Conditions
Internal FRC Accuracy @ 8 MHz(1)
F20
F21
Note 1:
2:
FRC
-1
—
+1
%
+25°C
-3
—
+3
%
-40°C TA +85°C
-5
—
+5
%
-40°C TA +85°C
-10
—
+10
%
-40°C TA +125°C
-15
—
15
%
+25°C
3.0V VDD 3.6V
1.8V VDD 3.6V
LPRC @ 31 kHz(2)
-15
—
15
%
-40°C TA +85°C
-30
—
+30
%
-40°C TA +125°C
1.8V VDD 3.6V
Frequency calibrated at 25°C and 3.3V. OSCTUN bits can be used to compensate for temperature drift.
Change of LPRC frequency as VDD changes.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 233
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-22: AC SPECIFICATIONS
Symbol
Characteristics
TLW
BCLKx High Time
Min
Typ
Max
Units
20
TCY/2
—
ns
THW
BCLKx Low Time
20
(TCY * BRGx) + TCY/2
—
ns
TBLD
BCLKx Falling Edge Delay from UxTX
-50
—
50
ns
TCY/2 – 50
—
TCY/2 + 50
ns
—
1
—
s
TCY
—
—
ns
3
—
—
ns
—
—
TCY + TSETUP
ns
TBHD
BCLKx Rising Edge Delay from UxTX
TWAK
Min. Low on UxRX Line to Cause Wake-up
TCTS
Min. Low on UxCTS Line to Start
Transmission
TSETUP
Start bit Falling Edge to System Clock Rising
Edge Setup Time
TSTDELAY Maximum Delay in the Detection of the
Start bit Falling Edge
TABLE 29-23: A/D CONVERSION TIMING REQUIREMENTS(1)
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
A/D CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min.
Typ
Max.
Units
Conditions
TCY = 75 ns, AD1CON3
is in the default state
Clock Parameters
AD50
TAD
A/D Clock Period
AD51
TRC
A/D Internal RC Oscillator Period
75
—
—
ns
—
250
—
ns
Conversion Rate
AD55
TCONV
Conversion Time
—
12
—
TAD
AD56
FCNV
Throughput Rate
—
—
500
ksps
AD57
TSAMP
Sample Time
AD58
TACQ
Acquisition Time
—
1
—
TAD
750
—
—
ns
AD59
TSWC
Switching Time from Convert to
Sample
—
—
(Note 3)
AD60
TDIS
Discharge Time
0.5
—
—
TAD
AD61
TPSS
Sample Start Delay from Setting
Sample bit (SAMP)
3
TAD
AVDD 2.7V
(Note 2)
Clock Parameters
Note 1:
2:
3:
2
—
Because the sample caps will eventually lose charge, clock rates below 10 kHz can affect linearity
performance, especially at elevated temperatures.
The time for the holding capacitor to acquire the “New” input voltage when the voltage changes full scale
after the conversion (VDD to VSS or VSS to VDD).
On the following cycle of the device clock.
DS39927C-page 234
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-24: A/D MODULE SPECIFICATIONS
A/D CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Min.
Typ
Max.
Units
Conditions
Device Supply
AD01
AVDD
Module VDD Supply
Greater of
VDD – 0.3
or 1.8
—
Lesser of
VDD + 0.3
or 3.6
V
AD02
AVSS
Module VSS Supply
VSS – 0.3
—
VSS + 0.3
V
Reference Inputs
AD05
VREFH
Reference Voltage High
AVSS + 1.7
—
AVDD
V
AD06
VREFL
Reference Voltage Low
AVSS
—
AVDD – 1.7
V
AD07
VREF
Absolute Reference
Voltage
AVSS – 0.3
—
AVDD + 0.3
V
AD08
IVREF
Reference Voltage Input
Current
—
—
200
A
VREF+ = 3.3V; sampling
—
—
1.0
mA
VREF+ = 3.3V; converting
AD09
ZVREF
Reference Input
Impedance
—
10K
—
(Note 3)
(Note 2)
Analog Input
AD10
VINH-VINL Full-Scale Input Span
VREFL
—
VREFH
V
AD11
VIN
Absolute Input Voltage
AVSS – 0.3
—
AVDD + 0.3
V
AD12
VINL
Absolute VINL Input
Voltage
AVSS – 0.3
AVDD/2
V
AD17
RIN
Recommended
Impedance of Analog
Voltage Source
2.5K
—
—
10-bit
A/D Accuracy
AD20b NR
Resolution
—
10
—
bits
AD21b INL
Integral Nonlinearity
—
±1
±2
LSb
VINL = AVSS = VREFL = 0V,
AVDD = VREFH = 3V
AD22b DNL
Differential Nonlinearity
—
±1
-1
+1.5
LSb
VINL = AVSS = VREFL = 0V,
AVDD = VREFH = 3V
AD23b GERR
Gain Error
—
±1
±3
LSb
VINL = AVSS = VREFL = 0V,
AVDD = VREFH = 3V
AD24b EOFF
Offset Error
—
±1
±2
LSb
VINL = AVSS = VREFL = 0V,
AVDD = VREFH = 3V
AD25b
Monotonicity
—
—
—
—
Note 1:
2:
3:
(Note 1)
The A/D conversion result never decreases with an increase in the input voltage and has no missing codes.
Measurements are taken with external VREF+ and VREF- used as the A/D voltage reference.
Impedance during sampling is at 3.3V, 25°C. This parameter is for design guidance only and is not tested.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 235
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-6:
CLKO AND I/O TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
I/O Pin
(Input)
DI35
DI40
I/O Pin
(Output)
New Value
Old Value
DO31
DO32
Note:
Refer to Figure 29-4 for load conditions.
TABLE 29-25: CLKO AND I/O TIMING REQUIREMENTS
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Sym
Characteristic
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V (unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
DO31
TIOR
Port Output Rise Time
—
10
25
ns
DO32
TIOF
Port Output Fall Time
—
10
25
ns
DI35
TINP
INTx pin High or Low
Time (output)
20
—
—
ns
DI40
TRBP
CNx High or Low Time
(input)
2
—
—
TCY
Note 1:
Conditions
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated.
DS39927C-page 236
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-26: COMPARATOR TIMINGS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ
Max
Units
300
TRESP
Response Time*(1)
—
150
400
ns
301
TMC2OV
Comparator Mode Change to
Output Valid*
—
—
10
s
*
Note 1:
Comments
Parameters are characterized but not tested.
Response time is measured with one comparator input at (VDD – 1.5)/2, while the other input transitions
from VSS to VDD.
TABLE 29-27: COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE SETTLING TIME SPECIFICATIONS
Param
No.
VR310
Note 1:
Symbol
TSET
Characteristic
Settling Time(1)
Min
Typ
Max
Units
—
—
10
s
Comments
Settling time is measured while CVRR = 1 and CVR bits transition from ‘0000’ to ‘1111’.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 237
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-7:
RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER AND POWER-UP
TIMER TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
VDD
MCLR
SY12
SY10
Internal
POR
PWRT
SY11
SYSRST
System
Clock
Watchdog
Timer Reset
SY20
SY13
SY13
I/O Pins
SY35
DS39927C-page 238
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-28: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER, POWER-UP TIMER
AND BROWN-OUT RESET TIMING REQUIREMENTS
Standard Operating Conditions: 1.8V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
Symbol
No.
Characteristic
Min.
Typ(1)
Max.
Units
—
s
Conditions
SY10
TmcL
MCLR Pulse Width (low)
2
—
SY11
TPWRT
Power-up Timer Period
50
64
90
ms
SY12
TPOR
Power-on Reset Delay
1
5
10
s
SY13
TIOZ
I/O High-Impedance from MCLR
Low or Watchdog Timer Reset
—
—
100
ns
SY20
TWDT
Watchdog Timer Time-out Period
0.85
1.0
1.15
ms
1.32 prescaler
3.4
4.0
4.6
ms
1:128 prescaler
SY25
TBOR
Brown-out Reset Pulse Width
1
—
—
s
SY35
TFSCM
Fail-Safe Clock Monitor Delay
—
2
2.3
s
SY45
TRST
Configuration Update Time
—
20
—
s
SY55
TLOCK
PLL Start-up Time
—
1
—
ms
SY65
TOST
Oscillator Start-up Time
—
1024
—
TOSC
SY75
TFRC
Fast RC Oscillator Start-up Time
—
1
1.5
s
SY85
TLPRC
Low-Power Oscillator Start-up
Time
—
—
100
s
Note 1:
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated.
FIGURE 29-8:
BAUD RATE GENERATOR OUTPUT TIMING
BRGx + 1 * TCY TLW
THW
BCLKx
TBLD
TBHD
UxTX
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 239
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
I2C™ BUS START/STOP BITS TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (MASTER MODE)
FIGURE 29-9:
SCLx
IM31
IM34
IM30
IM33
SDAx
Stop
Condition
Start
Condition
Note: Refer to Figure 29-4 for load conditions.
TABLE 29-29: I2C™ BUS START/STOP BIT TIMING REQUIREMENTS (MASTER MODE)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial)
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
Symbol
No.
IM30
TSU:STA
Start Condition
Setup Time
THD:STA Start Condition
Hold Time
IM31
TSU:STO Stop Condition
Setup Time
IM33
THD:STO Stop Condition
IM34
Min(1)
Max
Units
100 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
400 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
1 MHz mode(2)
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
100 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
400 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
1 MHz mode(2)
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
100 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
400 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
1 MHz mode(2)
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
Characteristic
Hold Time
100 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
ns
400 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
ns
(2)
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
ns
1 MHz mode
Note 1:
2:
Conditions
Only relevant for
Repeated Start
condition
After this period, the
first clock pulse is
generated
BRG is the value of the I2C™ Baud Rate Generator. Refer to Section 17.3 “Setting Baud Rate When
Operating as a Bus Master” for details.
Maximum pin capacitance = 10 pF for all I2C pins (for 1 MHz mode only).
FIGURE 29-10:
I2C™ BUS DATA TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (MASTER MODE)
IM11
SCLx
IM21
IM10
IM20
IM26
IM25
SDAx
In
IM45
IM40
SDAx
Out
Note: Refer to Figure 29-4 for load conditions.
DS39927C-page 240
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-30: I2C™ BUS DATA TIMING REQUIREMENTS (MASTER MODE)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
IM10
Symbol
TLO:SCL
Characteristic
Min(1)
Max
Units
Clock Low Time 100 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
TCY/2
(BRG + 1)
—
s
mode(2)
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
Clock High Time 100 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
400 kHz mode
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
mode(2)
TCY/2 (BRG + 1)
—
s
—
300
ns
20 + 0.1 CB
300
ns
—
100
ns
400 kHz mode
1 MHz
IM11
THI:SCL
1 MHz
IM20
TF:SCL
SDAx and SCLx 100 kHz mode
Fall Time
400 kHz mode
1 MHz mode(2)
IM21
IM25
IM26
IM40
IM45
IM50
TR:SCL
TSU:DAT
THD:DAT
TAA:SCL
TBF:SDA
CB
SDAx and SCLx 100 kHz mode
Rise Time
400 kHz mode
Data Input
Setup Time
Data Input
Hold Time
Output Valid
From Clock
Bus Free Time
—
1000
ns
20 + 0.1 CB
300
ns
1 MHz mode(2)
—
300
ns
100 kHz mode
250
—
ns
400 kHz mode
100
—
ns
1 MHz mode(2)
TBD
—
ns
100 kHz mode
0
—
ns
400 kHz mode
0
0.9
s
1 MHz mode(2)
TBD
—
ns
100 kHz mode
—
3500
ns
400 kHz mode
—
1000
ns
1 MHz mode(2)
—
—
ns
100 kHz mode
4.7
—
s
400 kHz mode
1.3
—
s
1 MHz mode(2)
TBD
—
s
—
400
pF
Bus Capacitive Loading
Conditions
CB is specified to be
from 10 to 400 pF
CB is specified to be
from 10 to 400 pF
Time the bus must be
free before a new
transmission can start
Legend: TBD = To Be Determined
Note 1: BRG is the value of the I2C Baud Rate Generator. Refer to Section 17.3 “Setting Baud Rate When Operating
as a Bus Master” for details.
2: Maximum pin capacitance = 10 pF for all I2C pins (for 1 MHz mode only).
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 241
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
I2C™ BUS START/STOP BITS TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (SLAVE MODE)
FIGURE 29-11:
SCLx
IS34
IS31
IS30
IS33
SDAx
Stop
Condition
Start
Condition
FIGURE 29-12:
I2C™ BUS DATA TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (SLAVE MODE)
IS11
IS21
IS10
SCLx
IS25
IS20
IS26
SDAx
In
IS45
IS40
SDAx
Out
TABLE 29-31: I2C™ BUS START/STOP BIT TIMING REQUIREMENTS (SLAVE MODE)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C (Industrial)
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
IS30
IS31
IS33
Symbol
TSU:STA
THD:STA
TSU:STO
Characteristic
Start Condition
Setup Time
Start Condition
Hold Time
Stop Condition
Setup Time
Min
Max
Units
Conditions
100 kHz mode
4.7
—
s
400 kHz mode
0.6
—
s
Only relevant for Repeated
Start condition
1 MHz mode(1)
0.25
—
s
100 kHz mode
4.0
—
s
400 kHz mode
0.6
—
s
1 MHz mode(1)
0.25
—
s
100 kHz mode
4.7
—
s
400 kHz mode
0.6
—
s
0.6
—
s
Stop Condition
100 kHz mode
4000
—
ns
Hold Time
400 kHz mode
600
—
ns
1 MHz mode(1)
250
—
ns
1 MHz
IS34
Note 1:
THD:STO
mode(1)
After this period, the first
clock pulse is generated
2
Maximum pin capacitance = 10 pF for all I C™ pins (for 1 MHz mode only).
DS39927C-page 242
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
TABLE 29-32: I2C™ BUS DATA TIMING REQUIREMENTS (SLAVE MODE)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C (Industrial)
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
IS10
IS11
IS20
IS21
Symbol
TLO:SCL
THI:SCL
TF:SCL
TR:SCL
Characteristic
Clock Low Time
Clock High Time
SDAx and SCLx
Fall Time
SDAx and SCLx
Rise Time
Min
Max
Units
100 kHz mode
4.7
—
s
Device must operate at a
minimum of 1.5 MHz
400 kHz mode
1.3
—
s
Device must operate at a
minimum of 10 MHz
1 MHz mode(1)
0.5
—
s
100 kHz mode
4.0
—
s
Device must operate at a
minimum of 1.5 MHz
400 kHz mode
0.6
—
s
Device must operate at a
minimum of 10 MHz
1 MHz mode(1)
0.5
—
s
100 kHz mode
—
300
ns
400 kHz mode
20 + 0.1 CB
300
ns
1 MHz mode(1)
—
100
ns
100 kHz mode
—
1000
ns
400 kHz mode
20 + 0.1 CB
300
ns
1 MHz
IS25
IS26
TSU:DAT
THD:DAT
Data Input
Setup Time
Data Input
Hold Time
—
300
ns
100 kHz mode
250
—
ns
400 kHz mode
100
—
ns
1 MHz mode(1)
100
—
ns
100 kHz mode
0
—
ns
400 kHz mode
0
0.9
s
mode(1)
0
0.3
s
Output Valid From 100 kHz mode
Clock
400 kHz mode
0
3500
ns
0
1000
ns
1 MHz mode(1)
0
350
ns
100 kHz mode
4.7
—
s
400 kHz mode
1.3
—
s
(1)
0.5
—
s
—
400
pF
1 MHz
IS40
IS45
TAA:SCL
TBF:SDA
mode(1)
Bus Free Time
1 MHz mode
IS50
Note 1:
CB
Bus Capacitive Loading
Conditions
CB is specified to be from
10 to 400 pF
CB is specified to be from
10 to 400 pF
Time the bus must be free
before a new transmission
can start
Maximum pin capacitance = 10 pF for all I2C™ pins (for 1 MHz mode only).
FIGURE 29-13:
START BIT EDGE DETECTION
BRGx
Any Value
Start bit Detected, BRGx Started
TCY
Cycle
Clock
TSETUP
TSTDELAY
UxRX
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 243
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-14:
INPUT CAPTURE TIMINGS
ICx pin
(Input Capture Mode)
IC10
IC11
IC15
TABLE 29-33: INPUT CAPTURE
Param.
Symbol
No.
IC10
IC11
IC15
Characteristic
TccL
TccH
TccP
TABLE 29-34:
ICx Input Low Time –
Synchronous Timer
With Prescaler
ICx Input Low Time –
Synchronous Timer
With Prescaler
Min
Max
Units
TCY + 20
—
ns
20
—
ns
TCY + 20
—
ns
20
—
ns
2 * TCY + 40
N
—
ns
No Prescaler
No Prescaler
ICx Input Period – Synchronous Timer
Conditions
Must also meet
Parameter IC15
Must also meet
Parameter IC15
N = prescale
value (1, 4, 16)
OUTPUT CAPTURE
Param.
No.
Symbol
OC11
TCCR
OC1 Output Rise Time
OC10
TCCF
OC1 Output Fall Time
FIGURE 29-15:
Characteristic
Min
Max
Units
—
10
ns
—
—
ns
—
10
ns
—
—
ns
Conditions
OUTPUT COMPARE TIMINGS
OCx
(Output Compare or PWM Mode)
OC11
DS39927C-page 244
OC10
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-16:
PWM MODULE TIMING REQUIREMENTS
OC20
OCFx
OC15
PWM
TABLE 29-35: PWM TIMING REQUIREMENTS
Param.
Symbol
No.
Characteristic
Min
Typ†
Max
Units
Conditions
OC15
TFD
Fault Input to PWM I/O
Change
—
—
25
ns
VDD = 3.0V, -40C to +125C
OC20
TFH
Fault Input Pulse Width
50
—
—
ns
VDD = 3.0V, -40C to +125C
† Data in “Typ” column is at 5V, 25C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance
only and are not tested.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 245
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-17:
SPIx MODULE MASTER MODE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (CKE = 0)
SCKx
(CKP = 0)
SP11
SP10
SP21
SP20
SP20
SP21
SCKx
(CKP = 1)
SP35
Bit 14 - - - - - -1
MSb
SDOx
SP31
SDIx
LSb
SP30
MSb In
LSb In
Bit 14 - - - -1
SP40 SP41
TABLE 29-36: SPIx MASTER MODE TIMING REQUIREMENTS (CKE = 0)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
SP10
TscL
SCKx Output Low Time(2)
TCY/2
—
—
ns
SP11
TscH
SCKx Output High Time(2)
TCY/2
—
—
ns
—
10
25
ns
—
10
25
ns
Time(3)
SP20
TscF
SCKx Output Fall
SP21
TscR
SCKx Output Rise Time(3)
(3)
SP30
TdoF
SDOx Data Output Fall Time
—
10
25
ns
SP31
TdoR
SDOx Data Output Rise Time(3)
—
10
25
ns
SP35
TscH2doV,
TscL2doV
SDOx Data Output Valid after
SCKx Edge
—
—
30
ns
SP40
TdiV2scH,
TdiV2scL
Setup Time of SDIx Data Input
to SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
SP41
TscH2diL,
TscL2diL
Hold Time of SDIx Data Input
to SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
Conditions
Note 1: Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and
are not tested.
2: The minimum clock period for SCKx is 100 ns; therefore, the clock generated in Master mode must not
violate this specification.
3: Assumes 50 pF load on all SPIx pins.
DS39927C-page 246
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-18:
SPIx MODULE MASTER MODE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (CKE = 1)
SP36
SCKx
(CKP = 0)
SP11
SCKx
(CKP = 1)
SP10
SP21
SP20
SP20
SP21
SP35
MSb
SDOx
SP40
SDIx
Bit 14 - - - - - -1
LSb
SP30,SP31
MSb In
Bit 14 - - - -1
LSb In
SP41
TABLE 29-37: SPIx MODULE MASTER MODE TIMING REQUIREMENTS (CKE = 1)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
—
—
ns
TscL
SCKx Output Low Time(2)
TCY/2
SP11
TscH
SCKx Output High Time
(2)
TCY/2
—
—
ns
SP20
TscF
SCKx Output Fall Time(3)
—
10
25
ns
SP21
TscR
SCKx Output Rise Time(3)
—
10
25
ns
SP30
TdoF
SDOx Data Output Fall Time(3)
—
10
25
ns
SP10
SDOx Data Output Rise
Time(3)
SP31
TdoR
—
10
25
ns
SP35
TscH2doV, SDOx Data Output Valid after
TscL2doV SCKx Edge
—
—
30
ns
SP36
TdoV2sc, SDOx Data Output Setup to
TdoV2scL First SCKx Edge
30
—
—
ns
SP40
TdiV2scH, Setup Time of SDIx Data Input
TdiV2scL to SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
SP41
TscH2diL,
TscL2diL
20
—
—
ns
Hold Time of SDIx Data Input
to SCKx Edge
Conditions
Note 1: Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and
are not tested.
2: The minimum clock period for SCKx is 100 ns. Therefore, the clock generated in Master mode must not
violate this specification.
3: Assumes 50 pF load on all SPIx pins.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 247
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-19:
SPIx MODULE SLAVE MODE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (CKE = 0)
SSx
SP52
SP50
SCKx
(CKP = 0)
SP71
SP70
SP73
SP72
SP72
SP73
SCKx
(CKP = 1)
SP35
MSb
SDOx
LSb
Bit 14 - - - - - -1
SP51
SP30,SP31
SDIx
SDI
MSb In
Bit 14 - - - -1
LSb In
SP41
SP40
TABLE 29-38: SPIx MODULE SLAVE MODE TIMING REQUIREMENTS (CKE = 0)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature
-40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
—
—
ns
SP70
TscL
SCKx Input Low Time
30
SP71
TscH
SCKx Input High Time
30
—
—
ns
SP72
TscF
SCKx Input Fall Time(2)
—
10
25
ns
Time(2)
SP73
TscR
SCKx Input Rise
—
10
25
ns
SP30
TdoF
SDOx Data Output Fall Time(2)
—
10
25
ns
SP31
TdoR
SDOx Data Output Rise Time(2)
—
10
25
ns
SP35
TscH2doV, SDOx Data Output Valid after
TscL2doV SCKx Edge
—
—
30
ns
SP40
TdiV2scH,
TdiV2scL
Setup Time of SDIx Data Input
to SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
SP41
TscH2diL,
TscL2diL
Hold Time of SDIx Data Input
to SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
SP50
TssL2scH,
TssL2scL
SSx to SCKx or SCKx Input
120
—
—
ns
SP51
TssH2doZ
SSx to SDOx Output High-Impedance(3)
10
—
50
ns
1.5 TCY + 40
—
—
ns
TscH2ssH SSx after SCKx Edge
TscL2ssH
SP52
Note 1:
2:
3:
Conditions
Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and are
not tested.
The minimum clock period for SCKx is 100 ns. Therefore, the clock generated in Master mode must not violate
this specification.
Assumes 50 pF load on all SPIx pins.
DS39927C-page 248
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
FIGURE 29-20:
SPIx MODULE SLAVE MODE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (CKE = 1)
SP60
SSx
SP52
SP50
SCKx
(CKP = 0)
SP71
SP70
SP73
SP72
SP72
SP73
SCKx
(CKP = 1)
SP35
SP52
MSb
SDOx
Bit 14 - - - - - -1
LSb
SP51
SP30,SP31
SDIx
MSb In
LSb In
Bit 14 - - - -1
SP41
SP40
TABLE 29-39: SPIx MODULE SLAVE MODE TIMING REQUIREMENTS (CKE = 1)
Standard Operating Conditions: 2.0V to 3.6V
(unless otherwise stated)
Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for Industrial
-40°C TA +125°C for Extended
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Param
No.
Symbol
Characteristic
Min
Typ(1)
Max
Units
SP70
TscL
SCKx Input Low Time
30
—
—
ns
SP71
TscH
SCKx Input High Time
30
—
—
ns
SP72
TscF
SCKx Input Fall Time(2)
—
10
25
ns
SP73
TscR
SCKx Input Rise Time(2)
—
10
25
ns
—
10
25
ns
—
10
25
ns
(2)
SP30
TdoF
SDOx Data Output Fall Time
SP31
TdoR
SDOx Data Output Rise Time(2)
SP35
TscH2doV, SDOx Data Output Valid after SCKx Edge
TscL2doV
—
—
30
ns
SP40
TdiV2scH, Setup Time of SDIx Data Input to
TdiV2scL SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
SP41
TscH2diL, Hold Time of SDIx Data Input to
TscL2diL SCKx Edge
20
—
—
ns
SP50
TssL2scH, SSx to SCKx or SCKx Input
TssL2scL
120
—
—
ns
SP51
TssH2doZ SSx to SDOx Output High-Impedance(3)
SP52
TscH2ssH SSx after SCKx Edge
TscL2ssH
SP60
TssL2doV SDOx Data Output Valid after SSx Edge
10
—
50
ns
1.5 TCY + 40
—
—
ns
—
—
50
ns
Conditions
Note 1: Data in “Typ” column is at 3.3V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. Parameters are for design guidance only and are not
tested.
2: The minimum clock period for SCKx is 100 ns. Therefore, the clock generated in Master mode must not violate this
specification.
3: Assumes 50 pF load on all SPIx pins.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 249
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 250
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
30.0
PACKAGING INFORMATION
30.1
Package Marking Information
20-Lead PDIP
Example
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
Example
28-Lead SPDIP
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
20-Lead SSOP
PIC24F16KA102
-I/SP e3
1110017
Example
XXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
PIC24F16KA
101-I/SS e3
1110017
28-Lead SSOP
Example
XXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
Legend: XX...X
Y
YY
WW
NNN
e3
*
Note:
PIC24F16KA101
-I/P e3
1110017
PIC24F08KA
102-I/SS e3
1110017
Product-specific information
Year code (last digit of calendar year)
Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)
Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)
Alphanumeric traceability code
Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn)
This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( e3 )
can be found on the outer packaging for this package.
In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of available
characters for customer-specific information.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 251
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
20-Lead SOIC (.300”)
Example
XXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXX
PIC24F16KA101
-I/SO e3
YYWWNNN
1110017
28-Lead SOIC (.300”)
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
20-Lead QFN
XXXXXX
XXXXXX
XXXXXX
YYWWNNN
28-Lead QFN
XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX
YYWWNNN
DS39927C-page 252
Example
PIC24F16KA102
-I/SO e3
1110017
Example
PIC24F
16KA101
-I/MQ e3
1110017
Example
24F16KA
102-I/ML e3
1110017
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
30.2
Package Details
The following sections give the technical details of the packages.
/HDG3ODVWLF'XDO,Q/LQH 3 ±PLO%RG\>3',3@
1RWH
)RUWKHPRVWFXUUHQWSDFNDJHGUDZLQJVSOHDVHVHHWKH0LFURFKLS3DFNDJLQJ6SHFLILFDWLRQORFDWHGDW
KWWS ZZZPLFURFKLSFRPSDFNDJLQJ
N
E1
NOTE 1
1
2
3
D
E
A2
A
L
c
A1
b1
b
eB
e
8QLWV
'LPHQVLRQ/LPLWV
1XPEHURI3LQV
,1&+(6
0,1
1
120
0$;
3LWFK
H
7RSWR6HDWLQJ3ODQH
$
±
±
0ROGHG3DFNDJH7KLFNQHVV
$
%DVHWR6HDWLQJ3ODQH
$
±
±
6KRXOGHUWR6KRXOGHU:LGWK
(
0ROGHG3DFNDJH:LGWK
(
2YHUDOO/HQJWK
'
7LSWR6HDWLQJ3ODQH
/
/HDG7KLFNQHVV
F
E
E
H%
±
±
8SSHU/HDG:LGWK
/RZHU/HDG:LGWK
2YHUDOO5RZ6SDFLQJ
%6&
1RWHV
3LQYLVXDOLQGH[IHDWXUHPD\YDU\EXWPXVWEHORFDWHGZLWKLQWKHKDWFKHGDUHD
6LJQLILFDQW&KDUDFWHULVWLF
'LPHQVLRQV'DQG(GRQRWLQFOXGHPROGIODVKRUSURWUXVLRQV0ROGIODVKRUSURWUXVLRQVVKDOOQRWH[FHHGSHUVLGH
'LPHQVLRQLQJDQGWROHUDQFLQJSHU$60(4)1@
ZLWKPP&RQWDFW/HQJWK
1RWH
)RUWKHPRVWFXUUHQWSDFNDJHGUDZLQJVSOHDVHVHHWKH0LFURFKLS3DFNDJLQJ6SHFLILFDWLRQORFDWHGDW
KWWS ZZZPLFURFKLSFRPSDFNDJLQJ
DS39927C-page 268
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
APPENDIX A:
REVISION HISTORY
Revision A (November 2008)
Original data sheet for the PIC24F16KA102 family of
devices.
Revision B (March 2009)
Section 29.0 “Electrical Characteristics” was
revised and minor text edits were made throughout the
document.
Revision C (October 2011)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Changed all instances of DSWSRC to DSWAKE.
Corrected Example 5-2.
Corrected Example 5-4.
Corrected Example 6-1.
Corrected Example 6-3.
Added a comment to Example 6-5.
Corrected Figure 9-1 to connect the SOSCI and
SOSCO pins to the Schmitt trigger correctly.
Added register descriptions for PMD1, PMD2,
PMD3 and PMD4.
Added note that RTCC will run in Reset.
Corrected time values of ADCS
(AD1CON3).
Corrected CH0SB and CH0SA (AD1CHS
and AD1CHS) to correctly reference AVDD
and AN3.
Added description of PGCF15 and PGCF14
(AD1PCFG).
Edited Figure 22-2 to correctly reference RIC and
the A/D capacitance.
Changed all references from CTEDG1 to CTED1.
Changed all references from CTEDG2 to CTED2.
Changed description of CMIDL: it used to say it
disables all comparators in Idle, now only disables
interrupts in Idle mode.
Changed all references of RTCCKSEL to
RTCOSC.
Changed all references of DSLPBOR to
DSBOREN.
Changed all references of DSWCKSEL to
DSWDTOSC
Imported Figure 40-9 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 40.
Added spec for BOR hysteresis.
Edited Note 1 for Table 29-5 to further describe
LPBOR.
Edited max values of DC20d and DC20e on
Table 29-6.
Edited typical value for DC61-DC61c in
Table 29-8.
Edited Note 2 of Table 29-8.
Added Note 5 to Table 29-9.
Added Table 29-15.
Added AD08 and AD09 in Table 29-26.
Added Note 3 to Table 29-26.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
• Imported Figure 40.10 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 40.
• Deleted TVREG spec.
• Imported Figure 15-5 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 15.
• Imported Table 15-4 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 15.
• Imported Figure 16-22 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 16.
• Imported Table 16-9 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 16.
• Imported Figure 16-23 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 16.
• Imported Table 16-10 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 16.
• Imported Figure 21-24 from PIC24F FRM.
Section 21.
• Imported Figure 21-25 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 21.
• Imported Table 21-5 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 21.
• Imported Figure 23-17 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Table 23-3 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Figure 23-18 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Table 23-4 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Figure 23-19 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Table 23-5 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Figure 23-20 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Table 23-6 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 23.
• Imported Figure 24-33 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Table 24-6 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Figure 24-34 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Table 24-7 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Figure 24-35 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Table 24-8 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Figure 24-36 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
• Imported Table 24-9 from PIC24F FRM,
Section 24.
DS39927C-page 269
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
NOTES:
DS39927C-page 270
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
INDEX
A
A/D
10-Bit High-Speed A/D Converter ............................ 173
A/D Characteristics
Conversion Timing Requirements ............................ 234
Module Specifications .............................................. 235
A/D Converter
Analog Input Model .................................................. 181
Transfer Function ..................................................... 182
AC Characteristics
Capacitive Loading Requirements on
Output Pins ...................................................... 231
Comparator Timings ................................................ 237
Comparator Voltage Reference Settling
Time Specifications .......................................... 237
Input Capture ........................................................... 244
Internal RC Accuracy ............................................... 233
Load Conditions for Device Timing
Specifications ................................................... 231
Output Capture ........................................................ 244
Reset, Watchdog Timer, Oscillator Start-up Timer,
Power-up Timer and Brown-out Reset
Timing Requirements ....................................... 239
Specifications ........................................................... 234
Assembler
MPASM Assembler .................................................. 204
B
Baud Rate Generator
Setting as a Bus Master ........................................... 141
Block Diagrams
10-Bit High-Speed A/D Converter ............................ 174
16-Bit Timer1 ........................................................... 115
Accessing Program Memory with
Table Instructions .............................................. 43
CALL Stack Frame ..................................................... 41
Comparator Module ................................................. 183
Comparator Voltage Reference ............................... 187
CPU Programmer’s Model ......................................... 25
CRC Reconfigured for Polynomial ........................... 168
CRC Shifter Details .................................................. 167
CTMU Connections and Internal Configuration for
Capacitance Measurement .............................. 189
CTMU Typical Connections and Internal
Configuration for Pulse Delay Generation ....... 190
CTMU Typical Connections and Internal
Configuration for Time Measurement .............. 190
Data Access from Program Space
Address Generation ........................................... 42
Data EEPROM Addressing with TBLPAG,
NVM Address Registers .................................... 53
High/Low-Voltage Detect (HLVD) ............................ 171
I2C Module ............................................................... 140
Individual Comparator Configurations ...................... 184
Input Capture ........................................................... 123
Output Compare ...................................................... 128
PIC24F CPU Core ..................................................... 24
PIC24F16KA102 Family (General) ............................ 12
PSV Operation ........................................................... 44
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Reset System ............................................................ 57
RTCC ....................................................................... 155
Shared I/O Port Structure ........................................ 113
Simplified UART ...................................................... 147
SPI1 Module (Enhanced Buffer Mode) .................... 133
SPI1 Module (Standard Buffer Mode) ..................... 132
System Clock ............................................................. 91
Timer2 (16-Bit Synchronous Mode) ......................... 119
Timer2/3 (32-Bit Mode) ............................................ 118
Timer3 (16-Bit Synchronous Mode) ......................... 119
Watchdog Timer (WDT) ........................................... 201
Brown-out Reset (BOR) ..................................................... 61
C
C Compilers
MPLAB C18 ............................................................. 204
Charge Time Measurement Unit. See CTMU.
Code Examples
Data EEPROM Bulk Erase ........................................ 55
Data EEPROM Unlock Sequence ............................. 51
Erasing a Program Memory Row,
‘C’ Language Code ............................................ 48
Erasing a Program Memory Row,
Assembly Language Code ................................ 48
I/O Port Write/Read ................................................. 114
Initiating a Programming Sequence,
‘C’ Language Code ............................................ 50
Initiating a Programming Sequence,
Assembly Language Code ................................ 50
Loading the Write Buffers, ‘C’ Language Code ......... 49
Loading the Write Buffers, Assembly
Language Code ................................................. 49
PWRSAV Instruction Syntax ................................... 101
Reading Data EEPROM Using the
TBLRD Command ............................................. 56
Sequence for Clock Switching ................................... 98
Setting the RTCWREN Bit ....................................... 156
Single-Word Erase .................................................... 54
Single-Word Write to Data EEPROM ........................ 55
Code Protection ............................................................... 202
Comparator ...................................................................... 183
Comparator Voltage Reference ....................................... 187
Configuration ........................................................... 187
Configuration Bits ............................................................ 193
Core Features ...................................................................... 9
CPU
Arithmetic (Logic Unit (ALU) ...................................... 27
Control Registers ....................................................... 26
Core Registers ........................................................... 24
Programmer’s Model ................................................. 23
CRC
Operation in Power Save Modes ............................. 168
User Interface .......................................................... 168
CTMU
Measuring Capacitance ........................................... 189
Measuring Time ....................................................... 190
Pulse Generation and Delay .................................... 190
Customer Change Notification Service ............................ 275
Customer Notification Service ......................................... 275
Customer Support ............................................................ 275
DS39927C-page 271
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
D
Data EEPROM
Bulk Erase .................................................................. 55
Erasing ....................................................................... 54
Operations ................................................................. 53
Programming
Reading Data EEPROM .................................... 56
Single-Word Write .............................................. 55
Data Memory
Address Space ........................................................... 31
Memory Map .............................................................. 31
Near Data Space ....................................................... 32
Organization, Alignment ............................................. 32
SFR Space ................................................................. 32
Software Stack ........................................................... 41
Space Width ............................................................... 31
DC Characteristics
Brown-out Reset Trip Points .................................... 219
Comparator Specifications ....................................... 230
Comparator Voltage Reference Specifications ........ 230
CTMU Current Source Specifications ...................... 230
Data EEPROM Memory ........................................... 229
High/Low-Voltage Detect ......................................... 218
I/O Pin Input Specifications ...................................... 227
I/O Pin Output Specifications ................................... 228
Idle Current IIDLE ...................................................... 222
Internal Voltage References .................................... 230
Operating Current IDD .............................................. 220
Power-Down Current IPD ......................................... 224
Program Memory ..................................................... 229
Temperature and Voltage Specifications ................. 218
Thermal Operating Conditions ................................. 217
Thermal Packaging Characteristics ......................... 217
Deep Sleep
Checking, Clearing Status ....................................... 104
Entering .................................................................... 102
Sequence ................................................. 102, 103
Exiting ...................................................................... 103
I/O Pins .................................................................... 103
POR ......................................................................... 104
Sequence Summary ................................................ 104
WDT ......................................................................... 104
Deep Sleep BOR (DSBOR) ............................................... 61
Development Support ...................................................... 203
Device Features (Summary) .............................................. 11
Doze Mode ....................................................................... 107
E
Electrical Characteristics
Absolute Maximum Ratings ..................................... 215
V/F Graphs (Industrial, Extended) ........................... 216
V/F Graphs (Industrial) ............................................. 216
Equations
A/D Conversion Clock Period .................................. 181
Baud Rate Reload Calculation ................................. 141
Calculating the PWM Period .................................... 126
Calculation for Maximum PWM Resolution .............. 126
CRC ......................................................................... 167
Device and SPI Clock Speed Relationship .............. 138
UART Baud Rate with BRGH = 0 ............................ 148
UART Baud Rate with BRGH = 1 ............................ 148
Errata ................................................................................... 8
DS39927C-page 272
Examples
Baud Rate Error Calculation (BRG) ......................... 148
PWM Frequencies, Resolutions at 16 MIPS ............ 127
PWM Frequencies, Resolutions at 4 MIPS .............. 127
PWM Period, Duty Cycle Calculations ..................... 127
F
Flash and Data EEPROM
Programming
Control Registers ............................................... 51
Flash and Data EEPROM Programming
Control Registers
NVM Address Registers (NVMADRU,
NVMADR ................................................... 53
NVMCON ........................................................... 51
NVMKEY ........................................................... 51
Flash Program Memory
Control Registers ....................................................... 46
Enhanced ICSP Operation ........................................ 46
Programming Algorithm ............................................. 48
Programming Operations ........................................... 46
RTSP Operation ........................................................ 46
Table Instructions ...................................................... 45
H
High/Low-Voltage Detect (HLVD) .................................... 171
I
I/O Ports
Analog Pins Configuration ....................................... 114
Input Change Notification ........................................ 114
Open-Drain Configuration ........................................ 114
Parallel (PIO) ........................................................... 113
I2C
Clock Rates ............................................................. 141
Communicating as Master in Single Master
Environment .................................................... 139
Pin Remapping Options ........................................... 139
Reserved Addresses ............................................... 141
Slave Address Masking ........................................... 141
In-Circuit Debugger .......................................................... 202
In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) .............................. 202
Input Capture ................................................................... 123
Instruction Set
Opcode Symbols ..................................................... 208
Overview .................................................................. 209
Summary ................................................................. 207
Inter-Integrated Circuit. See I2C.
Internet Address .............................................................. 275
Interrupts
Alternate Interrupt Vector Table (AIVT) ..................... 63
Control and Status Registers ..................................... 66
Implemented Vectors ................................................. 65
Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) .................................. 90
Interrupt Vector Table (IVT) ....................................... 63
Reset Sequence ........................................................ 63
Setup and Service Procedures .................................. 90
Trap Service Routine (TSR) ...................................... 90
Trap Vectors .............................................................. 65
Vector Table .............................................................. 64
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
M
Microchip Internet Web Site ............................................. 275
MPLAB ASM30 Assembler, Linker, Librarian .................. 204
MPLAB Integrated Development
Environment Software .............................................. 203
MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer ................................... 206
MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System ................ 205
MPLINK Object Linker/MPLIB Object Librarian ............... 204
N
Near Data Space ............................................................... 32
O
Oscillator Configuration
Bit Values for Clock Selection .................................... 92
Clock Switching .......................................................... 97
Sequence ........................................................... 97
CPU Clocking Scheme .............................................. 92
Initial Configuration on POR ...................................... 92
Reference Clock Output ............................................. 98
Output Compare
Continuous Output Pulse Generation ...................... 125
Single Output Pulse Generation .............................. 125
P
Packaging
Details ...................................................................... 253
Marking .................................................................... 251
Pinout Descriptions ...................................................... 13–16
Power-Saving Features ................................................... 101
Clock Frequency, Clock Switching ........................... 101
Instruction-Based Modes ......................................... 101
Deep Sleep ...................................................... 102
Idle ................................................................... 102
Sleep ................................................................ 101
Product Identification System .......................................... 277
Program and Data Memory
Access Using Table Instructions ................................ 43
Program Space Visibility ............................................ 44
Program and Data Memory Spaces
Interfacing, Addressing .............................................. 41
Program Memory
Address Space ........................................................... 29
Configuration Word Addresses .................................. 30
Memory Map .............................................................. 29
Program Verification ........................................................ 202
Programmable Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
Generator ................................................................. 167
Pulse-Width Modulation. See PWM.
R
Reader Response ............................................................ 276
Register Maps
A/D ............................................................................. 38
Clock Control ............................................................. 40
CPU Core ................................................................... 33
CRC ........................................................................... 39
CTMU ......................................................................... 38
Deep Sleep ................................................................ 40
Dual Comparator ........................................................ 39
I2C .............................................................................. 36
ICN ............................................................................. 34
Input Capture ............................................................. 35
Interrupt Controller ..................................................... 34
NVM ........................................................................... 40
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
Output Compare ........................................................ 35
Pad Configuration ...................................................... 37
PMD ........................................................................... 40
PORTA ...................................................................... 37
PORTB ...................................................................... 37
RTCC ......................................................................... 39
SPI ............................................................................. 36
Timer ......................................................................... 35
UART ......................................................................... 36
Registers
AD1CHS (A/D Input Select) ..................................... 178
AD1CON1 (A/D Control 1) ....................................... 175
AD1CON2 (A/D Control 2) ....................................... 176
AD1CON3 (A/D Control 3) ....................................... 177
AD1CSSL (A/D Input Scan Select, Low) ................. 180
AD1PCFG (A/D Port Configuration) ........................ 179
ALCFGRPT (Alarm Configuration) .......................... 159
ALMINSEC (Alarm Minutes and
Seconds Value) ............................................... 163
ALMTHDY (Alarm Month and Day Value) ............... 162
ALWDHR (Alarm Weekday and Hours Value) ........ 162
CLKDIV (Clock Divider) ............................................. 95
CMSTAT (Comparator Status) ................................ 186
CMxCON (Comparator x Control) ........................... 185
CORCON (CPU Control) ..................................... 27, 68
CRCCON (CRC Control) ......................................... 169
CRCXOR (CRC XOR Polynomial) .......................... 170
CTMUCON (CTMU Control) .................................... 191
CTMUICON (CTMU Current Control) ...................... 192
CVRCON (Comparator Voltage
Reference Control) .......................................... 188
DEVID (Device ID) ................................................... 200
DEVREV (Device Revision) ..................................... 200
DSCON (Deep Sleep Control) ................................. 105
DSWAKE (Deep Sleep Wake-up Source) ............... 106
FBS (Boot Segment Configuration) ......................... 193
FDS (Deep Sleep Configuration) ............................. 199
FGS (General Segment Configuration) ................... 194
FICD (In-Circuit Debugger Configuration) ............... 198
FOSC (Oscillator Configuration) .............................. 195
FOSCSEL (Oscillator Selection Configuration) ....... 194
FPOR (Reset Configuration) ................................... 197
FWDT (Watchdog Timer Configuration) .................. 196
HLVDCON (High/Low-Voltage Detect Control) ....... 172
I2C1CON (I2C1 Control) ......................................... 142
I2C1MSK (I2C1 Slave Mode Address Mask) .......... 146
I2C1STAT (I2C1 Status) .......................................... 144
IC1CON (Input Capture 1 Control) .......................... 124
IEC0 (Interrupt Enable Control 0) .............................. 75
IEC1 (Interrupt Enable Control 1) .............................. 76
IEC3 (Interrupt Enable Control 3) .............................. 77
IEC4 (Interrupt Enable Control 4) .............................. 78
IFS0 (Interrupt Flag Status 0) .................................... 71
IFS1 (Interrupt Flag Status 1) .................................... 72
IFS3 (Interrupt Flag Status 3) .................................... 73
IFS4 (Interrupt Flag Status 4) .................................... 74
INTCON1 (Interrupt Control 1) .................................. 69
INTCON2 (Interrupt Control 2) .................................. 70
INTTREG Interrupt Control and Status ...................... 89
IPC0 (Interrupt Priority Control 0) .............................. 79
IPC1 (Interrupt Priority Control 1) .............................. 80
IPC15 (Interrupt Priority Control 15) .......................... 86
IPC16 (Interrupt Priority Control 16) .......................... 87
IPC18 (Interrupt Priority Control 18) .......................... 88
IPC19 (Interrupt Priority Control 19) .......................... 88
DS39927C-page 273
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
IPC2 (Interrupt Priority Control 2) .............................. 81
IPC3 (Interrupt Priority Control 3) .............................. 82
IPC4 (Interrupt Priority Control 4) .............................. 83
IPC5 (Interrupt Priority Control 5) .............................. 84
IPC7 (Interrupt Priority Control 7) .............................. 85
MINSEC (RTCC Minutes and Seconds Value) ........ 161
MTHDY (RTCC Month and Day Value) ................... 160
NVMCON (Flash Memory Control) ............................ 47
NVMCON (Nonvolatile Memory Control) ................... 52
OC1CON (Output Compare 1 Control) .................... 129
OSCCON (Oscillator Control) .................................... 93
OSCTUN (FRC Oscillator Tune) ................................ 96
PADCFG1 (Pad
Configuration Control) ...................... 130, 146, 158
PMD1 (Peripheral Module Disable 1) ...................... 108
PMD2 (Peripheral Module Disable 2) ...................... 109
PMD3 (Peripheral Module Disable 3) ...................... 110
PMD4 (Peripheral Module Disable 4) ...................... 111
RCFGCAL (RTCC Calibration and
Configuration) .................................................. 157
RCON (Reset Control) ............................................... 58
REFOCON (Reference Oscillator Control) ................. 99
SPI1CON1 (SPI1 Control 1) .................................... 136
SPI1CON2 (SPI1 Control 2) .................................... 137
SPI1STAT (SPI1 Status and Control) ...................... 134
SR (ALU STATUS) .............................................. 26, 67
T1CON (Timer1 Control) .......................................... 116
T2CON (Timer2 Control) .......................................... 120
T3CON (Timer3 Control) .......................................... 121
UxMODE (UARTx Mode) ......................................... 150
UxRXREG (UARTx Receive) ................................... 154
UxSTA (UARTx Status and Control) ........................ 152
UxTXREG (UARTx Transmit) .................................. 154
WKDYHR (RTCC Weekday and Hours Value) ........ 161
YEAR (RTCC Year Value) ....................................... 160
Resets
Clock Source Selection .............................................. 60
Delay Times for Various Device Resets .................... 60
Device Times ............................................................. 60
RCON Flags Operation .............................................. 59
SFR States ................................................................. 61
Revision History ............................................................... 269
RTCC ............................................................................... 155
Alarm Configuration ................................................. 164
Alarm Mask Settings (figure) .................................... 165
Calibration ................................................................ 164
Register Mapping ..................................................... 156
Source Clock ............................................................ 155
Selection .......................................................... 156
Write Lock ................................................................ 156
S
Selective Peripheral Power Control ................................. 107
Serial Peripheral Interface. See SPI.
SFR Space ......................................................................... 32
Software Simulator (MPLAB SIM) .................................... 205
Software Stack ................................................................... 41
DS39927C-page 274
T
Timer1 .............................................................................. 115
Timer2/3 ........................................................................... 117
Timing Diagrams
Baud Rate Generator Output ........................... 239, 240
Brown-out Reset Characteristics ............................. 219
CLKO and I/O Timing .............................................. 236
External Clock .......................................................... 232
I2C Bus Data (Master Mode) ................................... 240
I2C Bus Data (Slave Mode) ..................................... 242
I2C Bus Start/Stop Bits (Master Mode) .................... 240
I2C Bus Start/Stop Bits (Slave Mode) ...................... 242
Input Capture ........................................................... 244
Output Compare ...................................................... 244
PWM Requirements ................................................. 245
Reset, Watchdog Timer. Oscillator Start-up
Timer, Power-up Timer Characteristics ........... 238
SPIx Master Mode (CKE = 0) .................................. 246
SPIx Master Mode (CKE = 1) .................................. 247
SPIx Slave Mode (CKE = 0) .................................... 248
SPIx Slave Mode (CKE = 1) .................................... 249
Start Bit Edge Detection .......................................... 243
Timing Requirements
CLKO and I/O .......................................................... 236
External Clock .......................................................... 232
I2C Bus Data (Master Mode) ........................... 240, 241
I2C Bus Data (Slave Mode) ..................................... 243
I2C Bus Start/Stop Bit (Slave Mode) ........................ 242
PLL Clock Specifications ......................................... 233
PWM ........................................................................ 245
SPIx Master Mode (CKE = 0) .................................. 246
SPIx Master Mode (CKE = 1) .................................. 247
SPIx Slave Mode (CKE = 0) .................................... 248
SPIx Slave Mode (CKE = 1) .................................... 249
U
UART ............................................................................... 147
Baud Rate Generator (BRG) ................................... 148
Break and Sync Transmit Sequence ....................... 149
IrDA Support ............................................................ 149
Operation of UxCTS and UxRTS Control Pins ........ 149
Receiving in 8-Bit or 9-Bit Data Mode ...................... 149
Transmitting in 8-Bit Data Mode .............................. 149
Transmitting in 9-Bit Data Mode .............................. 149
W
Watchdog Timer
Deep Sleep (DSWDT) ............................................. 202
Watchdog Timer (WDT) ................................................... 201
Windowed Operation ............................................... 201
WWW Address ................................................................ 275
WWW, On-Line Support ...................................................... 8
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE
CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at
www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means
to make files and information easily available to
customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet
browser, the web site contains the following
information:
Users of Microchip products can receive assistance
through several channels:
• Product Support – Data sheets and errata,
application notes and sample programs, design
resources, user’s guides and hardware support
documents, latest software releases and archived
software
• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked
Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,
online discussion groups, Microchip consultant
program member listing
• Business of Microchip – Product selector and
ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,
listing of seminars and events, listings of
Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory
representatives
•
•
•
•
•
Distributor or Representative
Local Sales Office
Field Application Engineer (FAE)
Technical Support
Development Systems Information Line
Customers
should
contact
their
distributor,
representative or field application engineer (FAE) for
support. Local sales offices are also available to help
customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is
included in the back of this document.
Technical support is available through the web site
at: http://microchip.com/support
CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION
SERVICE
Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep
customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers
will receive e-mail notification whenever there are
changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a
specified product family or development tool of interest.
To register, access the Microchip web site at
www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on
“Customer Change Notification” and follow the
registration instructions.
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 275
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
READER RESPONSE
It is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip
product. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our
documentation can better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at
(480) 792-4150.
Please list the following information, and use this outline to provide us with your comments about this document.
TO:
Technical Publications Manager
RE:
Reader Response
Total Pages Sent ________
From: Name
Company
Address
City / State / ZIP / Country
Telephone: (_______) _________ - _________
FAX: (______) _________ - _________
Application (optional):
Would you like a reply?
Y
N
Device: PIC24F16KA102 Family
Literature Number: DS39927C
Questions:
1. What are the best features of this document?
2. How does this document meet your hardware and software development needs?
3. Do you find the organization of this document easy to follow? If not, why?
4. What additions to the document do you think would enhance the structure and subject?
5. What deletions from the document could be made without affecting the overall usefulness?
6. Is there any incorrect or misleading information (what and where)?
7. How would you improve this document?
DS39927C-page 276
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
PIC24F16KA102 FAMILY
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.
PIC 24 F 16 KA1 02 T - I / PT - XXX
Examples:
a)
Microchip Trademark
Architecture
PIC24F16KA102-I/ML: General purpose,
16-Kbyte program memory, 28-pin, Industrial
temp., QFN package.
Flash Memory Family
Program Memory Size (KB)
Product Group
Pin Count
Tape and Reel Flag (if applicable)
Temperature Range
Package
Pattern
Architecture
24
= 16-bit modified Harvard without DSP
Flash Memory Family
F
= Flash program memory
Product Group
KA1 = General purpose microcontrollers
Pin Count
01
02
= 20-pin
= 28-pin
Temperature Range
I
E
= -40C to +85C (Industrial)
= -40C to +125C (Extended)
Package
SP
SO
SS
ML
P
=
=
=
=
=
Pattern
Three-digit QTP, SQTP, Code or Special Requirements
(blank otherwise)
ES = Engineering Sample
SPDIP
SOIC
SSOP
QFN
PDIP
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS39927C-page 277
Worldwide Sales and Service
AMERICAS
ASIA/PACIFIC
ASIA/PACIFIC
EUROPE
Corporate Office
2355 West Chandler Blvd.
Chandler, AZ 85224-6199
Tel: 480-792-7200
Fax: 480-792-7277
Technical Support:
http://www.microchip.com/
support
Web Address:
www.microchip.com
Asia Pacific Office
Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor
Tower 6, The Gateway
Harbour City, Kowloon
Hong Kong
Tel: 852-2401-1200
Fax: 852-2401-3431
India - Bangalore
Tel: 91-80-3090-4444
Fax: 91-80-3090-4123
India - New Delhi
Tel: 91-11-4160-8631
Fax: 91-11-4160-8632
Austria - Wels
Tel: 43-7242-2244-39
Fax: 43-7242-2244-393
Denmark - Copenhagen
Tel: 45-4450-2828
Fax: 45-4485-2829
India - Pune
Tel: 91-20-2566-1512
Fax: 91-20-2566-1513
France - Paris
Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20
Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79
Japan - Yokohama
Tel: 81-45-471- 6166
Fax: 81-45-471-6122
Germany - Munich
Tel: 49-89-627-144-0
Fax: 49-89-627-144-44
Atlanta
Duluth, GA
Tel: 678-957-9614
Fax: 678-957-1455
Boston
Westborough, MA
Tel: 774-760-0087
Fax: 774-760-0088
Chicago
Itasca, IL
Tel: 630-285-0071
Fax: 630-285-0075
Cleveland
Independence, OH
Tel: 216-447-0464
Fax: 216-447-0643
Dallas
Addison, TX
Tel: 972-818-7423
Fax: 972-818-2924
Detroit
Farmington Hills, MI
Tel: 248-538-2250
Fax: 248-538-2260
Indianapolis
Noblesville, IN
Tel: 317-773-8323
Fax: 317-773-5453
Los Angeles
Mission Viejo, CA
Tel: 949-462-9523
Fax: 949-462-9608
Santa Clara
Santa Clara, CA
Tel: 408-961-6444
Fax: 408-961-6445
Toronto
Mississauga, Ontario,
Canada
Tel: 905-673-0699
Fax: 905-673-6509
Australia - Sydney
Tel: 61-2-9868-6733
Fax: 61-2-9868-6755
China - Beijing
Tel: 86-10-8569-7000
Fax: 86-10-8528-2104
China - Chengdu
Tel: 86-28-8665-5511
Fax: 86-28-8665-7889
Netherlands - Drunen
Tel: 31-416-690399
Fax: 31-416-690340
China - Chongqing
Tel: 86-23-8980-9588
Fax: 86-23-8980-9500
Korea - Seoul
Tel: 82-2-554-7200
Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or
82-2-558-5934
China - Hangzhou
Tel: 86-571-2819-3187
Fax: 86-571-2819-3189
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
Tel: 60-3-6201-9857
Fax: 60-3-6201-9859
China - Hong Kong SAR
Tel: 852-2401-1200
Fax: 852-2401-3431
Malaysia - Penang
Tel: 60-4-227-8870
Fax: 60-4-227-4068
China - Nanjing
Tel: 86-25-8473-2460
Fax: 86-25-8473-2470
Philippines - Manila
Tel: 63-2-634-9065
Fax: 63-2-634-9069
China - Qingdao
Tel: 86-532-8502-7355
Fax: 86-532-8502-7205
Singapore
Tel: 65-6334-8870
Fax: 65-6334-8850
China - Shanghai
Tel: 86-21-5407-5533
Fax: 86-21-5407-5066
Taiwan - Hsin Chu
Tel: 886-3-5778-366
Fax: 886-3-5770-955
China - Shenyang
Tel: 86-24-2334-2829
Fax: 86-24-2334-2393
Taiwan - Kaohsiung
Tel: 886-7-536-4818
Fax: 886-7-330-9305
China - Shenzhen
Tel: 86-755-8203-2660
Fax: 86-755-8203-1760
Taiwan - Taipei
Tel: 886-2-2500-6610
Fax: 886-2-2508-0102
China - Wuhan
Tel: 86-27-5980-5300
Fax: 86-27-5980-5118
Thailand - Bangkok
Tel: 66-2-694-1351
Fax: 66-2-694-1350
Spain - Madrid
Tel: 34-91-708-08-90
Fax: 34-91-708-08-91
UK - Wokingham
Tel: 44-118-921-5869
Fax: 44-118-921-5820
China - Xian
Tel: 86-29-8833-7252
Fax: 86-29-8833-7256
China - Xiamen
Tel: 86-592-2388138
Fax: 86-592-2388130
China - Zhuhai
Tel: 86-756-3210040
Fax: 86-756-3210049
DS39927C-page 278
Italy - Milan
Tel: 39-0331-742611
Fax: 39-0331-466781
Korea - Daegu
Tel: 82-53-744-4301
Fax: 82-53-744-4302
08/02/11
2008-2011 Microchip Technology Inc.
工商网监
湘ICP备2023018690号
