ADL5321_1

2.3 GHz to 4.0 GHz RF Driver Amplifier ADL5321 FEATURES Operation: 2.3 GHz to 4.0 GHz Gain of 14 dB at 2.6 GHz OIP3 of 41 dBm at 2.6 GHz P1dB of 25.7 dBm at 2.6 GHz Noise figure: 4.0 dB at 2.6 GHz Power supply: 5 V Power supply current: 90 mA typical Internal active biasing Thermally efficient SOT-89 package ESD rating of ±2 kV (Class 3A) FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM GND (2) ADL5321 BIAS 1 2 3 07307-001 RFIN GND RFOUT Figure 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADL5321 is a broadband, linear driver RF amplifier that operates at frequencies from 2.3 GHz to 4.0 GHz. The device can be used in a wide variety of wired and wireless applications, including ISM, WLL, PCS, GSM, CDMA, and W-CDMA. The ADL5321 operates with a 5 V supply voltage and a supply current of 90 mA. The ADL5321 is fabricated on the GaAs HBT process. The device is packaged in a low cost SOT-89 that uses an exposed paddle for excellent thermal impedance. It operates from −40°C to +85°C, and a fully populated evaluation board is available. The ADL5320 is a companion part to the ADL5321 that operates at similar performance from 400 MHz to 2700 MHz. Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062−9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2008 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADL5321 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Typical Scattering Parameters..................................................... 4 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 5 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 6 Typical Performance Characteristics ..............................................7 Basic Layout Connections ............................................................. 10 Soldering Information and Recommended PCB Land Pattern................................................................................ 10 Matching Procedure................................................................... 11 WiMAX Operation .................................................................... 12 Evaluation Board ............................................................................ 13 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 15 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 15 REVISION HISTORY 5/08—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 16 ADL5321 SPECIFICATIONS VCC = 5 V and TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter OVERALL FUNCTION Frequency Range FREQUENCY = 2.6 GHz Gain 1 vs. Frequency vs. Temperature vs. Supply Output 1 dB Compression Point, P1dB Output Third-Order Intercept, OIP3 Noise Figure FREQUENCY = 3.5 GHz Gain1 vs. Frequency vs. Temperature vs. Supply Output 1 dB Compression Point, P1dB Output Third-Order Intercept, OIP3 Noise Figure POWER INTERFACE Supply Voltage Supply Current vs. Temperature Power Dissipation 1 Conditions Min 2.3 13.2 Typ Max 4.0 Unit GHz dB dB dB dB dBm dBm dB dB dB dB dB dBm dBm dB V mA mA mW ±100 MHz −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C 4.75 V to 5.25 V Δf = 1 MHz, POUT = 5 dBm per tone 14.0 ±0.4 ±0.7 ±0.07 25.7 41 4.0 12.0 ±0.05 ±0.8 ±0.07 25.7 38 4.9 5 90 ±6.0 520 14.6 11.1 ±100 MHz −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C 4.75 V to 5.25 V Δf = 1 MHz, POUT = 5 dBm per tone Pin RFOUT 4.5 −40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C VCC = 5 V 12.9 5.5 100 Guaranteed maximum and minimum specified limits on this parameter are based on six sigma calculations. Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 16 ADL5321 TYPICAL SCATTERING PARAMETERS VCC = 5 V and TA = 25°C; the effects of the test fixture have been de-embedded up to the pins of the device. Table 2. Frequency (MHz) 2400 2450 2500 2550 2600 2650 2700 2750 2800 2850 2900 2950 3000 3050 3100 3150 3200 3250 3300 3350 3400 3450 3500 3550 3600 3650 3700 3750 3790 3800 3850 3900 3950 4000 S11 Magnitude (dB) −4.47 −4.57 −4.62 −4.70 −4.78 −4.88 −4.97 −5.07 −5.23 −5.44 −5.72 −6.00 −6.40 −6.84 −7.32 −7.93 −8.52 −9.06 −9.46 −9.48 −9.18 −8.56 −7.74 −6.90 −6.08 −5.35 −4.73 −4.15 −3.78 −3.68 −3.29 −2.97 −2.67 −2.41 Angle (°) −176.78 −179.08 +178.53 +176.46 +174.30 +172.49 +170.84 +169.41 +168.34 +167.48 +167.06 +167.08 +167.66 +169.10 +171.08 +174.69 +179.46 −173.89 −165.62 −156.10 −146.31 −138.10 −131.09 −126.03 −122.27 −119.50 −117.43 −115.94 −114.89 −114.66 −113.41 −112.48 −111.68 −110.79 S21 Magnitude (dB) 12.04 12.04 12.03 12.01 11.99 11.97 11.93 11.93 11.86 11.80 11.74 11.69 11.62 11.51 11.44 11.28 11.14 10.95 10.71 10.39 10.03 9.65 9.20 8.70 8.14 7.55 6.93 6.34 5.81 5.69 5.09 4.45 3.86 3.30 Angle (°) +74.69 +71.96 +69.02 +66.20 +63.23 +60.32 +57.28 +54.11 +51.18 +47.81 +44.61 +41.14 +37.73 +34.13 +30.41 +26.53 +22.45 +18.23 +13.94 +9.45 +5.06 +0.71 −3.47 −7.62 −11.37 −14.86 −18.10 −21.07 −23.21 −23.67 −25.99 −27.94 −29.95 −31.52 S12 Magnitude (dB) −26.63 −26.53 −26.44 −26.38 −26.30 −26.25 −26.20 −26.15 −26.14 −26.16 −26.18 −26.18 −26.22 −26.31 −26.37 −26.51 −26.66 −26.86 −27.11 −27.45 −27.85 −28.28 −28.76 −29.33 −29.96 −30.62 −31.32 −31.98 −32.56 −32.68 −33.35 −34.03 −34.65 −35.23 Angle (°) +16.98 +15.09 +12.94 +10.91 +8.56 +6.38 +3.90 +1.38 −1.15 −3.88 −6.79 −9.78 −13.00 −16.32 −19.95 −23.60 −27.66 −31.92 −36.45 −41.18 −45.96 −50.83 −55.67 −60.52 −65.27 −69.78 −74.35 −78.77 −82.30 −83.17 −87.33 −91.70 −96.22 −100.84 S22 Magnitude (dB) −7.98 −8.12 −8.22 −8.33 −8.37 −8.36 −8.25 −8.05 −7.88 −7.59 −7.25 −6.83 −6.37 −5.90 −5.38 −4.92 −4.40 −3.91 −3.45 −3.05 −2.67 −2.33 −2.04 −1.80 −1.60 −1.47 −1.38 −1.29 −1.27 −1.24 −1.20 −1.22 −1.23 −1.23 Angle (°) −111.37 −113.06 −115.61 −118.13 −121.11 −124.14 −127.48 −130.84 −133.91 −137.02 −139.88 −142.37 −144.60 −146.58 −148.25 −149.46 −150.81 −151.83 −152.90 −153.80 −154.63 −155.41 −156.03 −156.44 −156.77 −156.90 −156.85 −156.62 −156.36 −156.19 −155.59 −154.96 −154.01 −153.20 Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 16 ADL5321 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. Parameter Supply Voltage, VCC Input Power, 50 Ω Impedance Internal Power Dissipation, Paddle Soldered θJC, Junction to Paddle Maximum Junction Temperature Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Rating 6.5 V 20 dBm 683 mW 28.5°C/W 150°C −40°C to +85°C −65°C to +150°C ESD CAUTION Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 16 ADL5321 PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS RFIN 1 ADL5321 GND 2 TOP VIEW (2) GND (Not to Scale) 07307-002 RFOUT 3 Figure 2. Pin Configuration Table 4. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 2 3 Exposed Paddle Mnemonic RFIN GND RFOUT Description RF Input. This pin requires a dc blocking capacitor. Ground. Connect this pin to a low impedance ground plane. RF Output and Supply Voltage. DC bias is provided to this pin through an inductor that is connected to the external power supply. RF path requires a dc blocking capacitor. Expose Paddle. Internally connected to GND. Solder to a low impedance ground plane. Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 16 ADL5321 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 45 GAIN, P1dB, OIP3, NOISE FIGURE (dB, dBm) 42 OIP3 (5dBm) OIP3 (–40°C) 30 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 07307-003 41 OIP3 (+25°C) 29 40 P1dB OIP3 (+85°C) OIP3 (dBm) 38 P1dB (–40°C) 27 GAIN 37 36 26 5 0 2.500 2.525 2.550 2.575 2.600 2.625 FREQUENCY (GHz) 2.650 2.675 2.700 34 2.500 2.525 2.550 2.575 2.600 2.625 FREQUENCY (GHz) 2.650 2.675 24 2.700 Figure 3. Gain, P1dB, OIP3, and Noise Figure vs. Frequency, 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz 16.0 15.5 15.0 14.5 –40°C +25°C Figure 6. OIP3 and P1dB vs. Frequency and Temperature, 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz 46 44 42 2.6GHz OIP3 (dBm) 40 38 2.5GHz 36 2.7GHz 34 GAIN (dB) 14.0 13.5 13.0 12.5 +85°C 07307-004 11.5 2.500 2.525 2.550 2.575 2.600 2.625 FREQUENCY (GHz) 2.650 2.675 2.700 30 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 POUT (dBm) Figure 4. Gain vs. Frequency and Temperature, 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz Figure 7. OIP3 vs. POUT and Frequency, 2.5 GHz to 2.7 GHz –24.0 –24.2 –24.4 –24.6 S12 (dB) 0 –2 –4 6.0 5.5 5.0 S12 S11 (dB) AND S22 (dB) –24.8 –25.0 –25.2 –25.4 –25.6 S22 S11 –6 –8 –10 –12 –14 NOISE FIGURE (dB) +85°C 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 –40°C +25°C 07307-005 –26.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 FREQUENCY (GHz) 2.8 2.9 –16 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 FREQUENCY (GHz) 2.7 2.8 2.9 Figure 5. Reverse Isolation (S12), Input Return Loss (S11), and Output Return Loss (S22) vs. Frequency, 2.2 GHz to 2.9 GHz Figure 8. Noise Figure vs. Frequency and Temperature, 2.2 GHz to 2.9 GHz Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 16 07307-008 –25.8 07307-007 12.0 32 07307-006 NOISE FIGURE 35 P1dB (+25°C) P1dB (+85°C) 25 P1dB (dBm) 39 28 ADL5321 45 42 OIP3 (5dBm) 30 GAIN, P1dB, OIP3, NOISE FIGURE (dB, dBm) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 41 40 39 OIP3 (–40°C) 29 28 OIP3 (+85°C) OIP3 (+25°C) 37 36 35 34 P1dB (+25°C) 27 P1dB (–40°C) GAIN 26 0 3.400 07307-009 33 32 3.400 3.425 3.450 3.425 3.450 3.475 3.500 3.525 FREQUENCY (GHz) 3.550 3.575 3.600 3.475 3.500 3.525 FREQUENCY (MHz) 3.550 3.575 24 3.600 Figure 9. Gain, P1dB, OIP3, and Noise Figure vs. Frequency, 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz 14.0 13.5 Figure 12. OIP3 and P1dB vs. Frequency and Temperature, 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz 42 3.4GHz 40 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 –40°C 38 OIP3 (dBm) GAIN (dB) 3.5GHz +25°C 36 3.6GHz +85°C 34 11.0 07307-013 10.5 07307-010 32 10.0 3.400 3.425 3.450 3.475 3.500 3.525 FREQUENCY (GHz) 3.550 3.575 3.600 30 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 POUT (dBm) 14 16 18 20 22 Figure 10. Gain vs. Frequency and Temperature, 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz Figure 13. OIP3 vs. POUT and Frequency, 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz 8.5 8.0 –25 –26 –27 –28 S12 (dB) 0 S12 S22 –5 S11 (dB) AND S22 (dB) 7.5 7.0 NOISE FIGURE (dB) S11 –10 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 –29 –30 –31 –32 –33 –34 –35 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 FREQUENCY (MHz) 3.8 3.9 –30 4.0 –20 –15 +85°C +25°C –40°C –25 07307-011 3.5 07307-014 3.0 2.5 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 FREQUENCY (GHz) 3.8 3.9 4.0 Figure 11. Reverse Isolation (S12), Input Return Loss (S11), and Output Return Loss (S22) vs. Frequency, 3.2 GHz to 4.0 GHz Figure 14. Noise Figure vs. Frequency and Temperature, 3.2 GHz to 4.0 GHz Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 16 07307-012 5 NOISE FIGURE P1dB (+85°C) 25 P1dB (dBm) OIP3 (dBM) P1dB 38 ADL5321 30 30 25 25 PERCENTAGE (%) 20 PERCENTAGE (%) 39.4 39.6 39.8 40.0 40.2 40.4 40.6 40.8 41.0 41.2 41.4 41.6 41.8 42.0 42.2 42.4 42.6 20 15 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 07307-015 OIP3 (dBM) NF (dB) Figure 15. OIP3 Distribution at 2.6 GHz 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 75 0 Figure 18. Noise Figure (NF) Distribution at 2.6 GHz 110 105 100 95 90 85 80 4.75V 5.0V PERCENTAGE (%) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 5.25V 24.6 24.8 25.0 25.2 25.4 25.6 25.8 26.0 26.2 26.4 26.6 26.8 27.0 07307-016 70 –40 –30 –20 –10 P1dB (dBM) 0 10 20 30 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 50 60 70 80 Figure 16. P1dB Distribution at 2.6 GHz Figure 19. Supply Current vs. Temperature and Supply Voltage (Using 2.6 GHz Matching Components) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 PERCENTAGE (%) 13.70 13.75 13.80 13.85 13.90 13.95 14.00 14.05 14.10 14.15 14.20 14.25 GAIN (dB) Figure 17. Gain Distribution at 2.6 GHz 07307-017 Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 16 07307-019 07307-018 3.76 3.80 3.84 3.88 3.92 3.96 4.00 4.04 4.08 4.12 4.16 ADL5321 BASIC LAYOUT CONNECTIONS The basic connections for operating the ADL5321 are shown in Figure 20. Table 5 lists the required matching components. Capacitors C1, C2, C3, C4, and C7 are Murata GRM155 series (0402 size) and Inductor L1 is a Coilcraft 0603CS series (0603 size). For all frequency bands, the placement of C3 and C7 is critical. From 2500 MHz to 2700 MHz, the placement of C1 is also important. Table 6 lists the recommended component placement for various frequencies. A 5 V dc bias is supplied through L1 that is connected to RFOUT (Pin 3). In addition to C4, 10 nF and 10 μF power supply decoupling capacitors are also required. The typical current consumption for the ADL5321 is 90 mA. GND VCC C6 10µF SOLDERING INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDED PCB LAND PATTERN Figure 21 shows the recommended land pattern for the ADL5321. To minimize thermal impedance, the exposed paddle on the SOT-89 package underside is soldered down to a ground plane along with (GND) Pin 2. If multiple ground layers exist, they should be stitched together using vias. For more information on land pattern design and layout, refer to the AN-772 application note, A Design and Manufacturing Guide for the Lead Frame Chip Scale Package (LFCSP). 1.80mm 3.48mm GND C5 10nF C41 (2) 5.56mm 0.20mm ADL5321 L11 RFIN GND RFOUT RFIN C11 λ12 C71 1 2 3 λ22 λ32 1 λ42 C2 RFOUT 0.86mm 0.62mm C31 1.27mm 1SEE TABLE 5 FOR FREQUENCY SPECIFIC COMPONENTS. 2SEE TABLE 6 FOR RECOMMENDED COMPONENT SPACING. 07307-026 1.50mm 3.00mm Figure 20. Basic Connections Figure 21. Recommended Land Pattern Table 5. Recommended Components for Basic Connections Frequency (MHz) 2500 to 2700 3400 to 3850 C1 (pF) 1.0 10 C2 (pF) 10 10 C3 (pF) 1.2 1.2 C4 (pF) 10 10 C7 (pF) Open 1.0 L1 (nH) 9.5 9.5 Table 6. Matching Component Spacing Frequency (MHz) 2500 to 2700 3400 to 3850 λ1 (mils) 240 90 λ2 (mils) 75 35 λ3 (mils) 89 40 λ4 (mils) 325 416 Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 16 07307-027 ADL5321 MATCHING PROCEDURE The ADL5321 is designed to achieve excellent gain and IP3 performance. To achieve this, both input and output matching networks must present specific impedance to the device. The matching components listed in Table 5 were chosen to provide −14 dB input return loss while maximizing OIP3. The load-pull plots (see Figure 22, Figure 23, and Figure 24) show the load impedance points on the Smith chart where optimum OIP3, gain, and output power can be achieved. These load impedance values (that is, the impedance that the device sees when looking into the output matching network) are listed in Table 7 and Table 8 for maximum gain and maximum OIP3, respectively. The contours show how each parameter degrades as it is moved away from the optimum point. From the data shown in Table 7 and Table 8, it becomes clear that maximum gain and maximum OIP3 do not occur at the same impedance. This can also be seen on the load-pull contours in Figure 22 through Figure 24. Therefore, output matching generally involves compromising between gain and OIP3. In addition, the load-pull plots demonstrate that the quality of the output impedance match must be compromised to optimize gain and/ or OIP3. In most applications where line lengths are short and where the next device in the signal chain presents a low input return loss, compromising on the output match is acceptable. To adjust the output match for operation at a different frequency or if a different trade-off between OIP3, gain, and output impedance is desired, the following procedure is recommended. For example, to optimize the ADL5321 for optimum OIP3 and gain at 2300 MHz, use the following steps: 1. 2. Install the recommended tuning components for a 2500 MHz to 2700 MHz tuning band, but do not install C3 and C7. Connect the evaluation board to a vector network analyzer so that input and output return loss can be viewed simultaneously. Starting with the recommended values and positions for C3 and C7, adjust the positions of these capacitors along the transmission line until the return loss and gain are acceptable. Push-down capacitors that are mounted on small sticks can be used in this case as an alternative to soldering. If moving the component positions does not yield satisfactory results, then the values of C3 and C7 should be increased or decreased (most likely increased in this case because the user is tuning for a lower frequency). Repeat the process. Once the desired gain and return loss are realized, OIP3 should be measured. It may be necessary to go back and forth between return loss/gain and OIP3 measurements (probably compromising most on output return loss) until an acceptable compromise is achieved. FIXED LOAD PULL FREQ = 3.6000 GHz IP3 MAX = 41.29dBm AT 0.7070< 140.65 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (32.00 TO 41.00dBm) POUT MAX = 15.63dBm AT 0.7057< 161.81 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (6.00 TO 15.00dBm) GT MAX = 13.44dBm AT 0.7057< 161.81 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (4.00 TO 13.00dB) SPECS: OFF LOAD FIXED LOAD PULL FREQ = 2.6000 GHz IP3 MAX = 41.70dBm AT 0.4705< 86.63 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (32.00 TO 41.00dBm) POUT MAX = 14.16dBm AT 0.6100< 136.24 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (5.00 TO 14.00dBm) GT MAX = 15.02dBm AT 0.6100< 136.24 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (6.00 TO 15.00dB) SPECS: OFF LOAD 0.404< 93.05 Figure 22. Load-Pull Contours, 2600 MHz FIXED LOAD PULL FREQ = 3.5000 GHz IP3 MAX = 41.37dBm AT 0.6911< 142.11 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (32.00 TO 41.00dBm) POUT MAX = 14.96dBm AT 0.7686< 162.58 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (5.00 TO 14.00dBm) GT MAX = 14.02dBm AT 0.7686< 162.58 10 CONTOURS, 1.00dBm STEP (5.00 TO 14.00dB) SPECS: OFF LOAD 0.875< –147.48 Figure 23. Load-Pull Contours, 3500 MHz 3. 07307-023 07307-024 Figure 24. Load-Pull Contours, 3600 MHz 4. Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 16 07307-022 ADL5321 Table 7. Load Conditions for GainMAX Frequency (MHz) 2600 3500 3600 ΓLoad (Magnitude) 0.6100 0.7686 0.7057 –30 ΓLoad (°) 136.24 162.58 161.81 Gain MAX (dB) 15.02 14.02 13.44 ACLR (dB) –40 ADJ CH LOW 2.6 GHZ ALT CH LOW 2.6 GHZ ADJ CH LOW 3.5 GHZ ALT CH UP 3.5 GHZ –50 Table 8. Load Conditions for OIP3MAX Frequency (MHz) 2600 3500 3600 ΓLoad (Magnitude) 0.4705 0.6911 0.7070 ΓLoad (°) 86.63 142.11 140.65 IP3 MAX (dBm) 41.7 41.37 41.29 –60 –70 –80 07307-025 –90 –10 –5 0 5 POUT (dBm) 10 15 20 WiMAX OPERATION Figure 25 shows a plot of adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) vs. POUT for the ADL5321. The signal type used is a WiMAX, 64 QAM, single carrier with a 10 MHz channel bandwidth. This signal is generated by a WiMAX-enabled source and followed with suitable band-pass filtering. The band-pass filter helps reduce the adjacent and alternate channel noise and distortion out of the signal generator down to −63 dB in the adjacent channels and −76 dB in the alternate channels at 2.6 GHz and −60 dB at 3.5 GHz. Below an output power of 7 dBm, measured ADL5321 output spectral performance is limited by the signal quality from the signal source used (−63 dB at 2.6 GHz and −60 dB at 3.5 GHz). At high power operation, input power to the ADL5321 is 1 dBm for 15 dBm output power and the source ACLR is −60.2 dB. It is expected that with a better signal source, the ADL5321 output spectral quality improves further, especially at output power levels ≤10 dBm. For instance, the ADL5373 quadrature modulator measured ACLR is −69 dB for an output power of −10 dBm. For output powers up to 10 dBm rms, the ADL5321 adds very little distortion to the output spectrum. At 2.6 GHz, the ACLR is −59 dB and a relative constellation error of −46.6 dB (