ADL5390-EVALZ

RF/IF Vector Multiplier ADL5390 Data Sheet FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM APPLICATIONS VPRF QBBP OBBM VPS2 INMQ INPQ RFOP CMRF RFOM INPI INMI CMOP IBBP IBBM DSOP 04954-001 Matched pair of multiplying VGAs Broad frequency range 20 MHz to 2.4 GHz Continuous magnitude control from +5 dB to −30 dB Output third-order intercept 24 dBm Output 1 dB compression point 11 dBm Output noise floor −148 dBm/Hz Adjustable modulation bandwidth up to 230 MHz Fast output power disable Single-supply voltage 4.75 V to 5.25 V Figure 1. PA linearization and predistortion Amplitude and phase modulation Variable matched attenuator and/or phase shifter Cellular base stations Radio links Fixed wireless access Broadband/CATV RF/IF analog multiplexer GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADL5390 vector multiplier consists of a matched pair of broadband variable gain amplifiers whose outputs are summed. The separate gain controls for each amplifier are linear-inmagnitude. If the two input RF signals are in quadrature, the vector multiplier can be configured as a vector modulator or as a variable attenuator/phase shifter by using the gain control pins as Cartesian variables. In this case, the output amplitude can be controlled from a maximum of +5 dB to less than –30 dB, and the phase can be shifted continuously over the entire 360° range. Since the signal paths are linear, the original modulation on the inputs is preserved. If the two signals are independent, then the vector multiplier can function as a 2:1 multiplexer or can provide fading from one channel to another. The ADL5390 operates over a wide frequency range of 20 MHz to 2400 MHz. For a maximum gain setting on one channel at 380 MHz, the ADL5390 delivers an OP1dB of 11 dBm, an OIP3 of 24 dBm, and an output noise floor of −148 dBm/Hz. The gain and phase matching between the two VGAs is better than 0.5 dB and 1°, respectively, over most of the operating range. Rev. A The gain control inputs are dc-coupled with a ±500 mV differential full-scale range centered about a 500 mV common mode. The maximum modulation bandwidth is 230 MHz, which can be reduced by adding external capacitors to limit the noise bandwidth on the control lines. Both the RF inputs and outputs can be used differentially or single-ended and must be ac-coupled. The impedance of each VGA RF input is 250 Ω to ground, and the differential output impedance is nominally 50 Ω over the operating frequency range. The DSOP pin allows the output stage to be disabled quickly to protect subsequent stages from overdrive. The ADL5390 operates off supply voltages from 4.75 V to 5.25 V while consuming 135 mA. The ADL5390 is fabricated on Analog Devices’ proprietary, high performance 25 GHz SOI complementary bipolar IC process. It is available in a 24-lead, Pb-free CSP package and operates over a −40°C to +85°C temperature range. Evaluation boards are available. Document Feedback Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 ©2004–2017 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Technical Support www.analog.com ADL5390 Data Sheet TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Using the ADL5390 .................................................................... 12 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 RF Input and Matching ............................................................. 12 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 RF Output and Matching .......................................................... 13 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Driving the I-Q Baseband Gain Controls ............................... 13 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Interfacing to High Speed DACs .............................................. 14 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 Generalized Modulator ............................................................. 15 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 5 Vector Modulator ....................................................................... 15 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 6 Vector Modulator Example—CDMA2000 ............................. 15 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 7 Quadrature Modulator .............................................................. 17 General Structure ........................................................................... 11 RF Multiplexer ............................................................................ 18 Theory of Operation .................................................................. 11 Evaluation Board ............................................................................ 19 Noise and Distortion .................................................................. 11 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 23 Applications Information .............................................................. 12 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 23 REVISION HISTORY 10/2017—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changed CP-24-2 to CP-24-10 .................................... Throughout Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 23 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 23 10/2004—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. A | Page 2 of 23 Data Sheet ADL5390 SPECIFICATIONS VS = 5 V, TA = 25°C, ZO = 50 Ω, FRF = 380 MHz, single-ended source drive to INPI and INPQ, and INMI and INMQ are ac-coupled to common, unless otherwise noted. 66.5 Ω termination resistors before ac-coupling capacitors on INPI and INPQ. The specifications refer to one active channel with the other channel input terminated in 50 Ω. The common-mode level for the gain control inputs is 0.5 V. A maximum gain setpoint of 1.0 refers to a differential gain control voltage of 0.5 V. Table 1. Parameter OVERALL FUNCTION Frequency Range Gain Control Range GAIN CONTROL INTERFACE (I and Q) Gain Scaling Modulation Bandwidth Second Harmonic Distortion Third Harmonic Distortion Step Response FRF = 70 MHz Maximum Gain Gain Conformance Output Noise Floor Output IP3 Output 1 dB Compression Point Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain Flatness Gain Matching Phase Matching Input Impedance Output Return Loss FRF = 140 MHz Maximum Gain Gain Conformance Output Noise Floor Output IP3 Output 1 dB Compression Point Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain Flatness Gain Matching Phase Matching Input Impedance Output Return Loss FRF = 380 MHz Maximum Gain Gain Conformance Conditions Min Typ Max Unit 2400 35 MHz dB 3.5 230 1/V MHz 45 dBc 55 dBc 45 47 ns ns Maximum gain setpoint Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz FRF1 = 70 MHz, FRF2 = 72.5 MHz, maximum gain setpoint Maximum gain setpoint Gain setpoint = 0.1 Over any 60 MHz bandwidth At maximum gain setpoint At maximum gain setpoint INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23) RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through balun 4.6 0.25 −149 −146 23 dB dB dBm/Hz dBm/Hz dBm 10.7 6.7 0.25 0.5 ±0.25 250||1 9.7 dBm dBm dB dB Degrees Ω||pF dB Maximum gain setpoint Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz FRF1 = 140 MHz, FRF2 = 142.5 MHz, maximum gain setpoint Maximum gain setpoint Gain setpoint = 0.1 Over any 60 MHz bandwidth At maximum gain setpoint At maximum gain setpoint INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23) RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through balun 4.5 0.25 −144 −145 24.4 dB dB dBm/Hz dBm/Hz dBm 11 7.1 0.25 0.5 ±0.25 250||1 9.6 dBm dBm dB dB Degrees Ω||pF dB 4.1 0.25 dB dB 20 Relative to maximum gain QBBP, QBBM, IBBM, IBBP (Pins 4, 5, 14, 15) 500 mV p-p, sinusoidal baseband input singleended 500 mV p-p, 1 MHz, sinusoidal baseband input differential 500 mV p-p, 1 MHz, sinusoidal baseband input differential For gain from −15 dB to +5 dB For gain from +5 dB to −15 dB Maximum gain setpoint Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 Rev. A | Page 3 of 23 ADL5390 Parameter Output Noise Floor Output IP3 Output 1 dB Compression Point Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain Flatness Gain Matching Phase Matching Input Impedance Output Return Loss FRF = 900 MHz Maximum Gain Gain Conformance Output Noise Floor Output IP3 Output 1 dB Compression Point Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain Flatness Gain Matching Phase Matching Input Impedance Output Return Loss FRF = 2400 MHz Maximum Gain Gain Conformance Output Noise Floor Output IP3 Output 1 dB Compression Point Input 1 dB Compression Point Gain Flatness Gain Matching Phase Matching Input Impedance Output Return Loss POWER SUPPLY Positive Supply Voltage Total Supply Current OUTPUT DISABLE Disable Threshold Maximum Attenuation Enable Response Time Disable Response Time Data Sheet Conditions Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz FRF1 = 380 MHz, FRF2 = 382.5 MHz, maximum gain setpoint Maximum gain setpoint Gain setpoint = 0.1 Over any 60 MHz bandwidth At maximum gain setpoint At maximum gain setpoint INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23) RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through balun Min Maximum gain setpoint Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz FRF1 = 900 MHz, FRF2 = 902.5 MHz, maximum gain setpoint Maximum gain setpoint Gain setpoint = 0.1 Over any 60 MHz bandwidth At maximum gain setpoint At maximum gain setpoint INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23) RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through balun Maximum gain setpoint Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0 Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz FRF1 = 2400 MHz, FRF2 = 2402.5 MHz, maximum gain setpoint Maximum gain setpoint Gain setpoint = 0.1 Over any 60 MHz bandwidth At maximum gain setpoint At maximum gain setpoint INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23) RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through balun VPRF, VPS2 (Pin 1, 18, 6); RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) 4.75 Includes load current DSOP (Pin 13) DSOP = 5 V Delay following high-to-low transition until device meets full specifications Delay following low-to-high transition until device produces full attenuation Rev. A | Page 4 of 23 Typ −147.5 −146 24.2 Max Unit dBm/Hz dBm/Hz dBm 11.3 8.3 0.25 0.5 ±0.5 200||1 8.5 dBm dBm dB dB Degrees Ω||pF dB 4.5 0.4 −149.5 −148 23.3 dB dB dBm/Hz dBm/Hz dBm 11.5 8.5 0.25 0.6 ±1 180||0.6 6.8 dBm dBm dB dB Degrees Ω||pF dB 7.0 0.5 −147 −144 18.7 dB dB dBm/Hz dBm/Hz dBm 9.6 4.3 0.25 0.8 ±2.5 140||0.5 13.5 dBm dBm dB dB Degrees Ω||pF dB 5 135 5.25 V mA 2.5 40 15 V dB ns 10 ns Data Sheet ADL5390 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Parameters Supply Voltage VPRF, VPS2 DSOP IBBP, IBBM, QBBP, QBBM RFOP, RFOM RF Input Power at Maximum Gain (INPI or INPQ, Single-Ended Drive) Equivalent Voltage Internal Power Dissipation θJA (With Pad Soldered to Board) Maximum Junction Temperature Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Rating 5.5 V 5.5 V 2.5 V 5.5 V 10 dBm for 50 Ω 2.0 V p-p 825 mW 59°C/W 125°C −40°C to +85°C −65°C to +150°C Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may affect product reliability. ESD CAUTION Rev. A | Page 5 of 23 ADL5390 Data Sheet 20 INPI 19 CMRF 21 INMI 22 INMQ 23 INPQ 24 CMRF PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS VPRF 1 18 VPRF QFLP 2 QFLM 3 ADL5390 QBBP 4 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) QBBM 5 17 IFLP 16 IFLM 15 IBBP 14 IBBM VPS2 6 NOTES 1. THE EXPOSED PADDLE ON THE UNDERSIDE OF THE PACKAGE SHOULD BE SOLDERED TO A LOW THERMAL AND ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE GROUND PLANE. 04954-002 CMOP 12 CMOP 11 RFOM 10 RFOP 9 CMOP 8 CMOP 7 13 DSOP Figure 2. LFCSP Pin Configuration Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 2, 3 Mnemonic QFLP, QFLM 4, 5 6, 1, 18 7, 8, 11, 12, 19, 24 9, 10 13 14, 15 16, 17 QBBP, QBBM VPS2, VPRF CMOP, CMRF RFOP, RFOM DSOP IBBM, IBBP IFLM, IFLP 20, 21 INPI, INMI 22, 23 INMQ, INPQ Exposed Paddle GND Description Q Baseband Input Filter Pins. Connect optional capacitor to reduce Q baseband gain control channel lowpass corner frequency. Q Channel Differential Baseband Gain Control Inputs. Typical common-mode bias level of 0.5 V. Positive Supply Voltage. VP of 4.75 V to 5.25 V. Device Common. Connect via lowest possible impedance to external circuit common. Differential RF Outputs. Must be ac-coupled. Differential impedance 50 Ω nominal. Output Disable. Pull high to disable output stage. Connect to common for normal operation. I Channel Differential Baseband Gain Control Inputs. Typical common-mode bias level of 0.5 V. I Baseband Input Filter Pins. Connect optional capacitor to reduce I baseband gain control channel lowpass corner frequency. I Channel Differential RF Inputs. Must be ac-coupled. 250 Ω impedance to common on each pin. These inputs can be driven single-ended without any performance degradation. Q Channel Differential RF Inputs. Must be ac-coupled. 250 Ωimpedance to common on each pin. These inputs can be driven single-ended without any performance degradation. The exposed paddle on the underside of the package should be soldered to a low thermal and electrical impedance ground plane. Rev. A | Page 6 of 23 Data Sheet ADL5390 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 10 5 4 CHANNEL GAIN MATCH (dB) 5 0 FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz GAIN (dB) –5 –10 –15 –20 3 2 +3σ 1 0 –1 –3σ –2 04954-003 –30 0.25 0 0.50 GAIN SETPOINT 0.75 04954-006 –3 –25 –4 –5 1.00 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1800 2100 2400 Figure 6. Channel Gain Matching (I to Q) vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0 Figure 3. Gain Magnitude vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz (Channel I or Channel Q) 9 10 TEMP = –40°C TEMP = +25°C TEMP = +85°C 5 TEMP = –40°C 8 TEMP = +25°C 7 0 GAIN (dB) –10 –15 4 TEMP = +85°C –25 1 04954-004 2 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 GAIN SETPOINT 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 1.0 Figure 4. Gain Magnitude vs. Gain Setpoint, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C, RF Frequency = 380 MHz (Channel I or Channel Q) 0 5 +3σ = DASH LINE –3σ = SOLID LINE FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz 1 600 900 1200 1500 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 –1 –2 04954-005 –4 0 0.25 0.50 GAIN SETPOINT 0.75 2100 2400 +3σ = DASH LINE –3σ = SOLID LINE –5 –10 FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz –15 –3 1800 0 PHASE ERROR (Degrees) 2 300 Figure 7. Channel Gain vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0 4 3 04954-007 3 –20 –30 GAIN ERROR (dB) 5 –20 1.0 Figure 5. Gain Conformance Error vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz 0 0.25 0.50 GAIN SETPOINT 0.75 04954-008 GAIN (dB) 6 –5 1.0 Figure 8. Single-Channel Phase Deviation vs. Gain Setpoint, Normalized to Gain Setpoint = 1.0, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz Rev. A | Page 7 of 23 ADL5390 Data Sheet –142 25 +3σ = DASH LINE –3σ = SOLID LINE 15 –144 –145 NOISE (dBm/Hz) 10 –143 5 0 –5 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 GAIN SETPOINT 0.8 NO CARRIER 04954-012 –152 1.0 PIN = –15dBm 0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.4 GAIN SETPOINT 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Figure 12. Output Noise Floor vs. Gain Setpoint, No Carrier, with Carrier (20 MHz Offset), RF PIN = −5, −10, −15, No Carrier, RF Frequency = 380 MHz 10 –142 +3σ = DASH LINE –3σ = SOLID LINE TEMP = –40°C TEMP = +25°C TEMP = +85°C 8 6 –143 –144 4 2 0 –2 –146 –147 –148 –4 –149 –6 –150 –8 –10 0 600 1200 FREQUENCY (MHz) –151 –152 2400 1800 GAIN SETPOINT = 1.0 04954-013 NOISE (dBm/Hz) –145 04954-010 PHASE DIFFERENCE (Degrees) –148 –151 Figure 9. Channel-to-Channel Phase Matching vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz Figure 10. Channel-to-Channel Phase Matching vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0 0 400 800 1200 1600 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2400 Figure 13. Output Noise Floor vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0, No RF Carrier –142 10 FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz –143 –144 –145 GAIN SETPOINT = 1.0 5 GAIN SETPOINT = 0.5 0 –146 GAIN (dB) NOISE (dBm/Hz) PIN = –10dBm –147 –150 –15 –20 PIN = –5dBm –146 –149 –10 04954-009 PHASE DIFFERRENCE (Degrees) 20 FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz –147 –148 –5 –10 –149 GAIN SETPOINT = 0.1 –150 –151 –152 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 GAIN SETPOINT 0.7 0.8 0.9 –20 1.0 Figure 11. Output Noise Floor vs. Gain Setpoint, No RF Carrier, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz 04954-014 04954-011 –15 0 400 800 1200 1600 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 2400 Figure 14. Gain vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0, 0.5, 0.1 Rev. A | Page 8 of 23 Data Sheet ADL5390 0 FUNDAMENTAL –10 –5 1V p-p BASEBAND INPUT SIDEBAND POWER (dBm) –20 –30 –40 –50 2ND HARMONIC –60 –70 –80 –15 –20 500mV p-p BASEBAND INPUT –25 3RD HARMONIC 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 DIFF. BASEBAND INPUT LEVEL (mV p-p) –35 1000 900 Figure 15. Baseband Harmonic Distortion, (Channel I and Channel Q), RF PIN = −5 dBm, (Balun and Cable Losses Not Included) 12 250mV p-p BASEBAND INPUT –30 0 300 200 250 150 100 BB FREQUENCY (MHz) 50 04954-018 –90 –100 –10 04954-015 RF OUTPUT SIDEBAND POWER (dBm) 0 350 400 Figure 18. IQ Modulation Bandwidth vs. Baseband Magnitude 15 TEMP = –40°C TEMP = +25°C 10 11 5 OP1dB (dBm) OP1dB (dBm) 10 TEMP = +85°C 9 FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz 0 –5 –10 8 –15 7 0 400 800 1200 1600 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 –25 0 2400 Figure 16. Output 1 dB Compression Point vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0 04954-019 04954-016 6 –20 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 GAIN SETPOINT 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Figure 19. Output 1 dB Compression vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz 30 30 28 25 TEMP = –40°C 26 20 24 15 OIP3 (dBm) 20 TEMP = +85°C 18 5 0 16 –5 04954-017 14 12 10 FRF = 70MHz FRF = 140MHz FRF = 380MHz FRF = 900MHz FRF = 2400MHz 10 0 400 800 1200 1600 FREQUENCY (MHz) 2000 –10 –15 2400 Figure 17. Output IP3 vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0 04954-020 OIP3 (dBm) TEMP = +25°C 22 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 GAIN SETPOINT 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 Figure 20. Output IP3 vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz Rev. A | Page 9 of 23 ADL5390 Data Sheet 1.25 300 0 1.00 SHUNT CAPACITANCE (pF) 200 0.75 SHUNT RESISTANCE () 0.50 150 0.25 100 –10 RF OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 250 INPUT SHUNT CAPACITANCE (pF) INPUT SHUNT RESISTANCE () –5 –15 –20 –25 –30 –35 –40 –45 –50 –55 –60 04954-024 –65 220 420 620 820 1020 1220 1420 1620 1820 2020 2220 FRF (MHz) 04954-021 –70 50 20 0 –75 Figure 21. S11 of RF Input (Shunt R/C Representation) 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 DSOP VOLTAGE (V) 4.0 4.5 5.0 Figure 24. Power Shutdown Attenuation, RF = 380 MHz TEK RUN 1 ADL5390 SDD22 90 ENVELOPE 12 AUG 04 16:48:01 60 120 150  |GRIDZ| 0 30 2.7GHz 0 S 11TERMANGI 3GHz 180 0 10MHz 210 04954-025 1 330 CH1 500mV  CH3 2.0V  DS 10MHz 240 300 04954-022 IMPEDANCE CIRCLE SDD22 NOM WFR DUT 1 270 ARG(GRIDZ), RADS(S 11TERMANGI) S22 NOM WFR Figure 22. S22 of RF Output (Differential and Single-Ended through Balun) 139 Vp = 5.25 137 Vp = 5 136 135 134 Vp = 4.75 133 04954-023 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 138 132 –40 –25 M 10.0ns 5.0GS/s ET 200ps/pt A CH3 760mV –10 5 20 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 50 65 80 Figure 23. Supply Current vs. Temperature Rev. A | Page 10 of 23 Figure 25. Power Shutdown Response Time, RF = 380 MHz Data Sheet ADL5390 GENERAL STRUCTURE THEORY OF OPERATION The simplified block diagram given in Figure 26 shows a matched pair of variable gain channels whose outputs are summed and presented to the final output. The RF/IF signals propagate from the left to the right, while the baseband gain controls are placed above and below. The proprietary linearresponding variable attenuators offer excellent linearity, low noise, and greater immunity from mismatches than other commonly used methods. I CHANNEL BASEBAND INPUT VIBB VIRF, I CHANNEL SINGLE-ENDED OR DIFFERENTIAL V-I LINEAR ATTENUATOR SINGLE-ENDED OR DIFFERENTIAL 50Ω OUTPUT I-V VQRF, Q CHANNEL SINGLE-ENDED OR DIFFERENTIAL V-I LINEAR ATTENUATOR OUTPUT DISABLE 04954-026 VQBB Q CHANNEL BASEBAND INPUT Since the two independent RF/IF inputs can be combined in arbitrary proportions, the overall function can be termed “vector multiplication” as expressed by Figure 26. Simplified Architecture of the ADL5390 VOUT = VIRF × (VIBB/VO) + VQRF × (VQBB/VO) NOISE AND DISTORTION The overall voltage gain, in linear terms, of the I and Q channels is proportional to its control voltage and scaled by the normalization factor, i.e., a full-scale gain of 1.75 (5 dB) for VI (Q)BB of 500 mV. A full-scale voltage gain of 1.75 defines a gain setpoint of 1.0. Due to its versatile functional form and wide signal dynamic range, the ADL5390 can form the core of a variety of useful functions such as quadrature modulators, gain and phase adjusters, and multiplexers. At maximum gain on one channel, the output 1 dB compression point and noise floor referenced to 50 Ω are 11 dBm and −148 dBm/Hz, respectively. The broad frequency response of the RF/IF and gain control ports allows the ADL5390 to be used in a variety of applications at different frequencies. The bandwidth for the RF/IF signal path extends from approximately 20 MHz to beyond 2.4 GHz, while the gain controls signals allow for modulation rates greater than 200 MHz. The signal path for a particular channel of the ADL5390 consists basically of a preamplifier followed by a variable attenuator and then an output driver. Each subblock contributes some level of noise and distortion to the desired signal. As the channel gain is varied, these relative contributions change. The overall effect is a dependence of output noise floor and output distortion levels on the gain setpoint. For the ADL5390, the distortion is always determined by the preamplifier. At the highest gain setpoint, the signal capacity, as described by the 1 dB compression point (P1dB) and the thirdorder intercept (OIP3), are at the highest levels. As the gain is reduced, the P1dB and OIP3 are reduced in exact proportion. At the higher gain setpoints, the output noise is dominated by the preamplifier as well. At lower gains, the contribution from the preamplifier is correspondingly reduced and eventually a noise floor, set by the output driver, is reached. As Figure 27 illustrates, the overall dynamic range defined as a ratio of OIP3 to output noise floor remains constant for the higher gain setpoints. At some gain level, the noise floor levels off and the dynamic range degrades commensurate with the gain reduction. Matching between the two gain channels is ensured by careful layout and design. Since they are monolithic and arranged symmetrically on the die, thermal and process gradients are minimized. Typical gain and phase mismatch at maximum gain are