RF/IF Vector Multiplier
ADL5390
Data Sheet
FEATURES
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
APPLICATIONS
VPRF
QBBP OBBM
VPS2
INMQ
INPQ
RFOP
CMRF
RFOM
INPI
INMI
CMOP
IBBP IBBM
DSOP
04954-001
Matched pair of multiplying VGAs
Broad frequency range 20 MHz to 2.4 GHz
Continuous magnitude control from +5 dB to −30 dB
Output third-order intercept 24 dBm
Output 1 dB compression point 11 dBm
Output noise floor −148 dBm/Hz
Adjustable modulation bandwidth up to 230 MHz
Fast output power disable
Single-supply voltage 4.75 V to 5.25 V
Figure 1.
PA linearization and predistortion
Amplitude and phase modulation
Variable matched attenuator and/or phase shifter
Cellular base stations
Radio links
Fixed wireless access
Broadband/CATV
RF/IF analog multiplexer
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADL5390 vector multiplier consists of a matched pair of
broadband variable gain amplifiers whose outputs are summed.
The separate gain controls for each amplifier are linear-inmagnitude. If the two input RF signals are in quadrature, the
vector multiplier can be configured as a vector modulator or as
a variable attenuator/phase shifter by using the gain control pins
as Cartesian variables. In this case, the output amplitude can be
controlled from a maximum of +5 dB to less than –30 dB, and
the phase can be shifted continuously over the entire 360° range.
Since the signal paths are linear, the original modulation on the
inputs is preserved. If the two signals are independent, then the
vector multiplier can function as a 2:1 multiplexer or can
provide fading from one channel to another.
The ADL5390 operates over a wide frequency range of 20 MHz
to 2400 MHz. For a maximum gain setting on one channel at
380 MHz, the ADL5390 delivers an OP1dB of 11 dBm, an OIP3
of 24 dBm, and an output noise floor of −148 dBm/Hz. The gain
and phase matching between the two VGAs is better than 0.5 dB
and 1°, respectively, over most of the operating range.
Rev. A
The gain control inputs are dc-coupled with a ±500 mV differential
full-scale range centered about a 500 mV common mode. The
maximum modulation bandwidth is 230 MHz, which can be
reduced by adding external capacitors to limit the noise bandwidth
on the control lines.
Both the RF inputs and outputs can be used differentially or
single-ended and must be ac-coupled. The impedance of each
VGA RF input is 250 Ω to ground, and the differential output
impedance is nominally 50 Ω over the operating frequency
range. The DSOP pin allows the output stage to be disabled
quickly to protect subsequent stages from overdrive. The
ADL5390 operates off supply voltages from 4.75 V to 5.25 V
while consuming 135 mA.
The ADL5390 is fabricated on Analog Devices’ proprietary,
high performance 25 GHz SOI complementary bipolar IC
process. It is available in a 24-lead, Pb-free CSP package and
operates over a −40°C to +85°C temperature range. Evaluation
boards are available.
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Tel: 781.329.4700 ©2004–2017 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical Support
www.analog.com
ADL5390
Data Sheet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1
Using the ADL5390 .................................................................... 12
Applications ....................................................................................... 1
RF Input and Matching ............................................................. 12
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1
RF Output and Matching .......................................................... 13
General Description ......................................................................... 1
Driving the I-Q Baseband Gain Controls ............................... 13
Specifications..................................................................................... 3
Interfacing to High Speed DACs .............................................. 14
Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5
Generalized Modulator ............................................................. 15
ESD Caution .................................................................................. 5
Vector Modulator ....................................................................... 15
Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions ............................. 6
Vector Modulator Example—CDMA2000 ............................. 15
Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 7
Quadrature Modulator .............................................................. 17
General Structure ........................................................................... 11
RF Multiplexer ............................................................................ 18
Theory of Operation .................................................................. 11
Evaluation Board ............................................................................ 19
Noise and Distortion .................................................................. 11
Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 23
Applications Information .............................................................. 12
Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 23
REVISION HISTORY
10/2017—Rev. 0 to Rev. A
Changed CP-24-2 to CP-24-10 .................................... Throughout
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 23
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 23
10/2004—Revision 0: Initial Version
Rev. A | Page 2 of 23
Data Sheet
ADL5390
SPECIFICATIONS
VS = 5 V, TA = 25°C, ZO = 50 Ω, FRF = 380 MHz, single-ended source drive to INPI and INPQ, and INMI and INMQ are ac-coupled to
common, unless otherwise noted. 66.5 Ω termination resistors before ac-coupling capacitors on INPI and INPQ. The specifications refer
to one active channel with the other channel input terminated in 50 Ω. The common-mode level for the gain control inputs is 0.5 V. A
maximum gain setpoint of 1.0 refers to a differential gain control voltage of 0.5 V.
Table 1.
Parameter
OVERALL FUNCTION
Frequency Range
Gain Control Range
GAIN CONTROL INTERFACE (I and Q)
Gain Scaling
Modulation Bandwidth
Second Harmonic Distortion
Third Harmonic Distortion
Step Response
FRF = 70 MHz
Maximum Gain
Gain Conformance
Output Noise Floor
Output IP3
Output 1 dB Compression Point
Input 1 dB Compression Point
Gain Flatness
Gain Matching
Phase Matching
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss
FRF = 140 MHz
Maximum Gain
Gain Conformance
Output Noise Floor
Output IP3
Output 1 dB Compression Point
Input 1 dB Compression Point
Gain Flatness
Gain Matching
Phase Matching
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss
FRF = 380 MHz
Maximum Gain
Gain Conformance
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
2400
35
MHz
dB
3.5
230
1/V
MHz
45
dBc
55
dBc
45
47
ns
ns
Maximum gain setpoint
Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0
Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz
FRF1 = 70 MHz, FRF2 = 72.5 MHz, maximum gain
setpoint
Maximum gain setpoint
Gain setpoint = 0.1
Over any 60 MHz bandwidth
At maximum gain setpoint
At maximum gain setpoint
INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)
RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through
balun
4.6
0.25
−149
−146
23
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm
10.7
6.7
0.25
0.5
±0.25
250||1
9.7
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
Ω||pF
dB
Maximum gain setpoint
Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0
Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz
FRF1 = 140 MHz, FRF2 = 142.5 MHz, maximum
gain setpoint
Maximum gain setpoint
Gain setpoint = 0.1
Over any 60 MHz bandwidth
At maximum gain setpoint
At maximum gain setpoint
INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)
RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through
balun
4.5
0.25
−144
−145
24.4
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm
11
7.1
0.25
0.5
±0.25
250||1
9.6
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
Ω||pF
dB
4.1
0.25
dB
dB
20
Relative to maximum gain
QBBP, QBBM, IBBM, IBBP (Pins 4, 5, 14, 15)
500 mV p-p, sinusoidal baseband input singleended
500 mV p-p, 1 MHz, sinusoidal baseband input
differential
500 mV p-p, 1 MHz, sinusoidal baseband input
differential
For gain from −15 dB to +5 dB
For gain from +5 dB to −15 dB
Maximum gain setpoint
Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0
Rev. A | Page 3 of 23
ADL5390
Parameter
Output Noise Floor
Output IP3
Output 1 dB Compression Point
Input 1 dB Compression Point
Gain Flatness
Gain Matching
Phase Matching
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss
FRF = 900 MHz
Maximum Gain
Gain Conformance
Output Noise Floor
Output IP3
Output 1 dB Compression Point
Input 1 dB Compression Point
Gain Flatness
Gain Matching
Phase Matching
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss
FRF = 2400 MHz
Maximum Gain
Gain Conformance
Output Noise Floor
Output IP3
Output 1 dB Compression Point
Input 1 dB Compression Point
Gain Flatness
Gain Matching
Phase Matching
Input Impedance
Output Return Loss
POWER SUPPLY
Positive Supply Voltage
Total Supply Current
OUTPUT DISABLE
Disable Threshold
Maximum Attenuation
Enable Response Time
Disable Response Time
Data Sheet
Conditions
Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz
FRF1 = 380 MHz, FRF2 = 382.5 MHz, maximum
gain setpoint
Maximum gain setpoint
Gain setpoint = 0.1
Over any 60 MHz bandwidth
At maximum gain setpoint
At maximum gain setpoint
INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)
RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through
balun
Min
Maximum gain setpoint
Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0
Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz
FRF1 = 900 MHz, FRF2 = 902.5 MHz, maximum
gain setpoint
Maximum gain setpoint
Gain setpoint = 0.1
Over any 60 MHz bandwidth
At maximum gain setpoint
At maximum gain setpoint
INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)
RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through
balun
Maximum gain setpoint
Over gain setpoint of 0.2 to 1.0
Maximum gain setpoint, no RF input
RF PIN = −5 dBm, frequency offset = 20 MHz
FRF1 = 2400 MHz, FRF2 = 2402.5 MHz, maximum
gain setpoint
Maximum gain setpoint
Gain setpoint = 0.1
Over any 60 MHz bandwidth
At maximum gain setpoint
At maximum gain setpoint
INPI, INMI, INMQ, INMP (Pins 20, 21, 22, 23)
RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10) measured through
balun
VPRF, VPS2 (Pin 1, 18, 6); RFOP, RFOM (Pins 9, 10)
4.75
Includes load current
DSOP (Pin 13)
DSOP = 5 V
Delay following high-to-low transition until
device meets full specifications
Delay following low-to-high transition until
device produces full attenuation
Rev. A | Page 4 of 23
Typ
−147.5
−146
24.2
Max
Unit
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm
11.3
8.3
0.25
0.5
±0.5
200||1
8.5
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
Ω||pF
dB
4.5
0.4
−149.5
−148
23.3
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm
11.5
8.5
0.25
0.6
±1
180||0.6
6.8
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
Ω||pF
dB
7.0
0.5
−147
−144
18.7
dB
dB
dBm/Hz
dBm/Hz
dBm
9.6
4.3
0.25
0.8
±2.5
140||0.5
13.5
dBm
dBm
dB
dB
Degrees
Ω||pF
dB
5
135
5.25
V
mA
2.5
40
15
V
dB
ns
10
ns
Data Sheet
ADL5390
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Table 2.
Parameters
Supply Voltage VPRF, VPS2
DSOP
IBBP, IBBM, QBBP, QBBM
RFOP, RFOM
RF Input Power at Maximum Gain
(INPI or INPQ, Single-Ended Drive)
Equivalent Voltage
Internal Power Dissipation
θJA (With Pad Soldered to Board)
Maximum Junction Temperature
Operating Temperature Range
Storage Temperature Range
Rating
5.5 V
5.5 V
2.5 V
5.5 V
10 dBm for 50 Ω
2.0 V p-p
825 mW
59°C/W
125°C
−40°C to +85°C
−65°C to +150°C
Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum
Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a
stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these
or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond
the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may
affect product reliability.
ESD CAUTION
Rev. A | Page 5 of 23
ADL5390
Data Sheet
20 INPI
19 CMRF
21 INMI
22 INMQ
23 INPQ
24 CMRF
PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS
VPRF 1
18 VPRF
QFLP 2
QFLM 3
ADL5390
QBBP 4
TOP VIEW
(Not to Scale)
QBBM 5
17 IFLP
16 IFLM
15 IBBP
14 IBBM
VPS2 6
NOTES
1. THE EXPOSED PADDLE ON THE UNDERSIDE
OF THE PACKAGE SHOULD BE SOLDERED
TO A LOW THERMAL AND ELECTRICAL
IMPEDANCE GROUND PLANE.
04954-002
CMOP 12
CMOP 11
RFOM 10
RFOP 9
CMOP 8
CMOP 7
13 DSOP
Figure 2. LFCSP Pin Configuration
Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions
Pin No.
2, 3
Mnemonic
QFLP, QFLM
4, 5
6, 1, 18
7, 8, 11, 12,
19, 24
9, 10
13
14, 15
16, 17
QBBP, QBBM
VPS2, VPRF
CMOP, CMRF
RFOP, RFOM
DSOP
IBBM, IBBP
IFLM, IFLP
20, 21
INPI, INMI
22, 23
INMQ, INPQ
Exposed
Paddle
GND
Description
Q Baseband Input Filter Pins. Connect optional capacitor to reduce Q baseband gain control channel lowpass corner frequency.
Q Channel Differential Baseband Gain Control Inputs. Typical common-mode bias level of 0.5 V.
Positive Supply Voltage. VP of 4.75 V to 5.25 V.
Device Common. Connect via lowest possible impedance to external circuit common.
Differential RF Outputs. Must be ac-coupled. Differential impedance 50 Ω nominal.
Output Disable. Pull high to disable output stage. Connect to common for normal operation.
I Channel Differential Baseband Gain Control Inputs. Typical common-mode bias level of 0.5 V.
I Baseband Input Filter Pins. Connect optional capacitor to reduce I baseband gain control channel lowpass corner frequency.
I Channel Differential RF Inputs. Must be ac-coupled. 250 Ω impedance to common on each pin. These
inputs can be driven single-ended without any performance degradation.
Q Channel Differential RF Inputs. Must be ac-coupled. 250 Ωimpedance to common on each pin. These
inputs can be driven single-ended without any performance degradation.
The exposed paddle on the underside of the package should be soldered to a low thermal and electrical
impedance ground plane.
Rev. A | Page 6 of 23
Data Sheet
ADL5390
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
10
5
4
CHANNEL GAIN MATCH (dB)
5
0
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
GAIN (dB)
–5
–10
–15
–20
3
2
+3σ
1
0
–1
–3σ
–2
04954-003
–30
0.25
0
0.50
GAIN SETPOINT
0.75
04954-006
–3
–25
–4
–5
1.00
0
300
600
900
1200
1500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
1800
2100
2400
Figure 6. Channel Gain Matching (I to Q) vs. RF Frequency,
Gain Setpoint = 1.0
Figure 3. Gain Magnitude vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz,
140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz (Channel I or Channel Q)
9
10
TEMP = –40°C
TEMP = +25°C
TEMP = +85°C
5
TEMP = –40°C
8
TEMP = +25°C
7
0
GAIN (dB)
–10
–15
4
TEMP = +85°C
–25
1
04954-004
2
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
GAIN SETPOINT
0.7
0.8
0.9
0
1.0
Figure 4. Gain Magnitude vs. Gain Setpoint, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C,
RF Frequency = 380 MHz (Channel I or Channel Q)
0
5
+3σ = DASH LINE
–3σ = SOLID LINE
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
1
600
900
1200
1500
FREQUENCY (MHz)
0
–1
–2
04954-005
–4
0
0.25
0.50
GAIN SETPOINT
0.75
2100
2400
+3σ = DASH LINE
–3σ = SOLID LINE
–5
–10
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
–15
–3
1800
0
PHASE ERROR (Degrees)
2
300
Figure 7. Channel Gain vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C,
Gain Setpoint = 1.0
4
3
04954-007
3
–20
–30
GAIN ERROR (dB)
5
–20
1.0
Figure 5. Gain Conformance Error vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz,
140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz
0
0.25
0.50
GAIN SETPOINT
0.75
04954-008
GAIN (dB)
6
–5
1.0
Figure 8. Single-Channel Phase Deviation vs. Gain Setpoint, Normalized to
Gain Setpoint = 1.0, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz,
900 MHz, 2400 MHz
Rev. A | Page 7 of 23
ADL5390
Data Sheet
–142
25
+3σ = DASH LINE
–3σ = SOLID LINE
15
–144
–145
NOISE (dBm/Hz)
10
–143
5
0
–5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
GAIN SETPOINT
0.8
NO CARRIER
04954-012
–152
1.0
PIN = –15dBm
0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.6
0.4
GAIN SETPOINT
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Figure 12. Output Noise Floor vs. Gain Setpoint, No Carrier, with Carrier
(20 MHz Offset), RF PIN = −5, −10, −15, No Carrier, RF Frequency = 380 MHz
10
–142
+3σ = DASH LINE
–3σ = SOLID LINE
TEMP = –40°C
TEMP = +25°C
TEMP = +85°C
8
6
–143
–144
4
2
0
–2
–146
–147
–148
–4
–149
–6
–150
–8
–10
0
600
1200
FREQUENCY (MHz)
–151
–152
2400
1800
GAIN SETPOINT = 1.0
04954-013
NOISE (dBm/Hz)
–145
04954-010
PHASE DIFFERENCE (Degrees)
–148
–151
Figure 9. Channel-to-Channel Phase Matching vs. Gain Setpoint,
RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz
Figure 10. Channel-to-Channel Phase Matching vs. RF Frequency, Temp =
+85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0
0
400
800
1200
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
2000
2400
Figure 13. Output Noise Floor vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0,
No RF Carrier
–142
10
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
–143
–144
–145
GAIN SETPOINT = 1.0
5
GAIN SETPOINT = 0.5
0
–146
GAIN (dB)
NOISE (dBm/Hz)
PIN = –10dBm
–147
–150
–15
–20
PIN = –5dBm
–146
–149
–10
04954-009
PHASE DIFFERRENCE (Degrees)
20
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
–147
–148
–5
–10
–149
GAIN SETPOINT = 0.1
–150
–151
–152
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
GAIN SETPOINT
0.7
0.8
0.9
–20
1.0
Figure 11. Output Noise Floor vs. Gain Setpoint, No RF Carrier,
RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz
04954-014
04954-011
–15
0
400
800
1200
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
2000
2400
Figure 14. Gain vs. RF Frequency, Gain Setpoint = 1.0, 0.5, 0.1
Rev. A | Page 8 of 23
Data Sheet
ADL5390
0
FUNDAMENTAL
–10
–5
1V p-p BASEBAND INPUT
SIDEBAND POWER (dBm)
–20
–30
–40
–50
2ND HARMONIC
–60
–70
–80
–15
–20
500mV p-p BASEBAND INPUT
–25
3RD HARMONIC
0
100
200 300 400 500 600 700 800
DIFF. BASEBAND INPUT LEVEL (mV p-p)
–35
1000
900
Figure 15. Baseband Harmonic Distortion, (Channel I and Channel Q),
RF PIN = −5 dBm, (Balun and Cable Losses Not Included)
12
250mV p-p BASEBAND INPUT
–30
0
300
200
250
150
100
BB FREQUENCY (MHz)
50
04954-018
–90
–100
–10
04954-015
RF OUTPUT SIDEBAND POWER (dBm)
0
350
400
Figure 18. IQ Modulation Bandwidth vs. Baseband Magnitude
15
TEMP = –40°C
TEMP = +25°C
10
11
5
OP1dB (dBm)
OP1dB (dBm)
10
TEMP = +85°C
9
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
0
–5
–10
8
–15
7
0
400
800
1200
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
2000
–25
0
2400
Figure 16. Output 1 dB Compression Point vs. RF Frequency,
Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C, Gain Setpoint = 1.0
04954-019
04954-016
6
–20
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
GAIN SETPOINT
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Figure 19. Output 1 dB Compression vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency =
70 MHz, 140 MHz, 380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz
30
30
28
25
TEMP = –40°C
26
20
24
15
OIP3 (dBm)
20
TEMP = +85°C
18
5
0
16
–5
04954-017
14
12
10
FRF = 70MHz
FRF = 140MHz
FRF = 380MHz
FRF = 900MHz
FRF = 2400MHz
10
0
400
800
1200
1600
FREQUENCY (MHz)
2000
–10
–15
2400
Figure 17. Output IP3 vs. RF Frequency, Temp = +85°C, +25°C, −40°C,
Gain Setpoint = 1.0
04954-020
OIP3 (dBm)
TEMP = +25°C
22
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
GAIN SETPOINT
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Figure 20. Output IP3 vs. Gain Setpoint, RF Frequency = 70 MHz, 140 MHz,
380 MHz, 900 MHz, 2400 MHz
Rev. A | Page 9 of 23
ADL5390
Data Sheet
1.25
300
0
1.00
SHUNT CAPACITANCE (pF)
200
0.75
SHUNT RESISTANCE ()
0.50
150
0.25
100
–10
RF OUTPUT POWER (dBm)
250
INPUT SHUNT CAPACITANCE (pF)
INPUT SHUNT RESISTANCE ()
–5
–15
–20
–25
–30
–35
–40
–45
–50
–55
–60
04954-024
–65
220 420 620 820 1020 1220 1420 1620 1820 2020 2220
FRF (MHz)
04954-021
–70
50
20
0
–75
Figure 21. S11 of RF Input (Shunt R/C Representation)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
DSOP VOLTAGE (V)
4.0
4.5
5.0
Figure 24. Power Shutdown Attenuation, RF = 380 MHz
TEK RUN
1
ADL5390 SDD22
90
ENVELOPE
12 AUG 04 16:48:01
60
120
150
|GRIDZ|
0
30
2.7GHz
0
S 11TERMANGI
3GHz
180
0
10MHz
210
04954-025
1
330
CH1 500mV
CH3 2.0V DS
10MHz
240
300
04954-022
IMPEDANCE CIRCLE
SDD22 NOM WFR DUT 1
270
ARG(GRIDZ), RADS(S 11TERMANGI)
S22 NOM WFR
Figure 22. S22 of RF Output (Differential and Single-Ended through Balun)
139
Vp = 5.25
137
Vp = 5
136
135
134
Vp = 4.75
133
04954-023
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
138
132
–40
–25
M 10.0ns 5.0GS/s ET 200ps/pt
A CH3 760mV
–10
5
20
35
TEMPERATURE (°C)
50
65
80
Figure 23. Supply Current vs. Temperature
Rev. A | Page 10 of 23
Figure 25. Power Shutdown Response Time, RF = 380 MHz
Data Sheet
ADL5390
GENERAL STRUCTURE
THEORY OF OPERATION
The simplified block diagram given in Figure 26 shows a
matched pair of variable gain channels whose outputs are
summed and presented to the final output. The RF/IF signals
propagate from the left to the right, while the baseband gain
controls are placed above and below. The proprietary linearresponding variable attenuators offer excellent linearity, low
noise, and greater immunity from mismatches than other
commonly used methods.
I CHANNEL
BASEBAND INPUT
VIBB
VIRF,
I CHANNEL
SINGLE-ENDED
OR DIFFERENTIAL
V-I
LINEAR
ATTENUATOR
SINGLE-ENDED
OR DIFFERENTIAL
50Ω OUTPUT
I-V
VQRF,
Q CHANNEL
SINGLE-ENDED
OR DIFFERENTIAL
V-I
LINEAR
ATTENUATOR
OUTPUT
DISABLE
04954-026
VQBB
Q CHANNEL
BASEBAND INPUT
Since the two independent RF/IF inputs can be combined in
arbitrary proportions, the overall function can be termed
“vector multiplication” as expressed by
Figure 26. Simplified Architecture of the ADL5390
VOUT = VIRF × (VIBB/VO) + VQRF × (VQBB/VO)
NOISE AND DISTORTION
The overall voltage gain, in linear terms, of the I and Q channels is
proportional to its control voltage and scaled by the normalization
factor, i.e., a full-scale gain of 1.75 (5 dB) for VI (Q)BB of 500 mV.
A full-scale voltage gain of 1.75 defines a gain setpoint of 1.0.
Due to its versatile functional form and wide signal dynamic
range, the ADL5390 can form the core of a variety of useful
functions such as quadrature modulators, gain and phase
adjusters, and multiplexers. At maximum gain on one channel,
the output 1 dB compression point and noise floor referenced to
50 Ω are 11 dBm and −148 dBm/Hz, respectively. The broad
frequency response of the RF/IF and gain control ports allows
the ADL5390 to be used in a variety of applications at different
frequencies. The bandwidth for the RF/IF signal path extends
from approximately 20 MHz to beyond 2.4 GHz, while the gain
controls signals allow for modulation rates greater than 200 MHz.
The signal path for a particular channel of the ADL5390
consists basically of a preamplifier followed by a variable
attenuator and then an output driver. Each subblock contributes
some level of noise and distortion to the desired signal. As the
channel gain is varied, these relative contributions change. The
overall effect is a dependence of output noise floor and output
distortion levels on the gain setpoint.
For the ADL5390, the distortion is always determined by the
preamplifier. At the highest gain setpoint, the signal capacity, as
described by the 1 dB compression point (P1dB) and the thirdorder intercept (OIP3), are at the highest levels. As the gain is
reduced, the P1dB and OIP3 are reduced in exact proportion.
At the higher gain setpoints, the output noise is dominated by
the preamplifier as well. At lower gains, the contribution from
the preamplifier is correspondingly reduced and eventually a
noise floor, set by the output driver, is reached. As Figure 27
illustrates, the overall dynamic range defined as a ratio of OIP3
to output noise floor remains constant for the higher gain
setpoints. At some gain level, the noise floor levels off and the
dynamic range degrades commensurate with the gain reduction.
Matching between the two gain channels is ensured by careful
layout and design. Since they are monolithic and arranged
symmetrically on the die, thermal and process gradients are
minimized. Typical gain and phase mismatch at maximum gain
are
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