EVAL-CN0194-SDPZ

Circuit Note CN-0194 Devices Connected/Referenced Circuits from the Lab™ reference circuits are engineered and tested for quick and easy system integration to help solve today’s analog, mixed-signal, and RF design challenges. For more information and/or support, visit www.analog.com/CN0194. AD7685 16-Bit, 250 kSPS PulSAR® ADC ADuM1402 Quad-Channel Digital Isolator ADR391 2.5 V, Micropower, Low Noise Precision Voltage Reference with Shutdown AD8615 Precision, 20 MHz, CMOS Rail-to-Rail Input/Output Op Amp Galvanically Isolated, 2-Channel, 16-Bit, Simultaneous Sampling, Daisy-Chained Data Acquisition System EVALUATION AND DESIGN SUPPORT CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS Circuit Evaluation Boards CN-0194 Circuit Evaluation Board (EVAL-CN0194-SDPZ) System Demonstration Platform (EVAL-SDP-CB1Z) Design and Integration Files Schematics, Layout Files, Bill of Materials This circuit, shown in Figure 1, provides galvanic isolation for high speed, high accuracy, simultaneous sampling analog-todigital conversion applications. The 16-bit AD7685 PulSAR ADC is versatile and allows monitoring of multiple channels 4.5V REF ±10V INPUT AIN1 5V 10µF R1 1kΩ R2 4.42kΩ 5V 100nF REF VDD VIO 33Ω U4 1.84V REF AD7685 IN+ 2.7nF IN– GND 5V 100nF SDO SCK CNV SDI VDD1 , VE1 VDD2 , VE2 GND1 GND2 VIA VOA VIB VOB VOC VIC VOD VID 3.3V 100nF SDP BOARD DATA RSCLK AD8615 4.5V REF ±10V INPUT AIN2 5V 33Ω 1.84V REF AD7685 IN+ 2.7nF IN– GND 5V 100nF SDO SCK CNV SDI AD8615 R5 1.24kΩ ADuM1402C 100nF REF VDD VIO U14 TFS 5V 10µF R19 1kΩ R20 4.42kΩ TSCLK R4 1kΩ VDD1 , VE1 VDD2 , VE2 GND1 GND2 VIA VOA VIB VOB VOC VIC VOD VID 3.3V 100nF RFS 5V U13 4.5V REF ADR391 5V IN OUT GND 1kΩ R3 10µF ADuM1402C 1.84V REF 2.80kΩ R6 09612-001 AD8615 100nF Figure 1. Galvanically Isolated, 2-Channel, Simultaneous Sampling, 16-Bit Analog-to-Digital Conversion System with Daisy Chain (Simplified Schematic: All Connections and Decoupling Not Shown) Rev.0 Circuits from the Lab™ circuits from Analog Devices have been designed and built by Analog Devices engineers. Standard engineering practices have been employed in the design and construction of each circuit, and their function and performance have been tested and verified in a lab environment at room temperature. However, you are solely responsible for testing the circuit and determining its suitability and applicability for your use and application. Accordingly, in no event shall Analog Devices be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential or punitive damages due to any cause whatsoever connected to the use of any Circuits from the Lab circuits. (Continued on last page) One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2011 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. CN-0194 Circuit Note through daisy chaining. An input circuit based on the AD8615 op amp level shifts, attenuates, and buffers a ±10 V industrial signal to match the input requirements of the ADC. The flexible circuit includes a precision ADR391 reference and two quadchannel ADuM1402 digital isolators to provide a compact and cost effective solution to a popular industrial data acquisition application. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The AD7685 is a 16-bit, charge redistribution successive approximation (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that operates from a single VDD power supply from 2.3 V to 5.5 V. It contains a low power, high speed, 16-bit sampling ADC with no missing codes, no pipeline delay, an internal conversion clock, and a versatile serial interface port. The ADC also contains a low noise, wide bandwidth, short aperture delay, track-and-hold circuit. On the CNV rising edge, it samples an analog input (IN+) between 0 V to VREF with respect to the ground sense (IN−). The reference voltage, VREF, is applied externally and is set from 0.5 V to VDD. The circuit of Figure 1 uses a 4.5 V reference voltage. Power dissipation of the AD7685 scales linearly with sampling rate. Power dissipation is 15 mW maximum for VDD = 5 V and a sampling rate of 250 kSPS. The AD7685 is housed in a 10-lead MSOP or a 10-lead QFN (LFCSP) with operation specified from −40°C to +85°C. The SPI-compatible serial interface also features the ability, using the SDI input, to either daisy chain several ADCs on a single 3-wire bus or provide an optional BUSY indicator. It is compatible with 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3 V, or 5 V logic using the separate VIO supply pin. The complete analog signal chain runs on a single 5 V supply. The ADR391 low dropout 2.5 V reference and the U13 rail-torail CMOS AD8615 op amp develop the 4.5 V reference voltage for the ADCs. A 4.5 V reference gives 0.5 V headroom at the output of U13 so that the op amp remains in the linear region for nominal variations in the 5 V supply. The ADR391 2.5 V output is amplified by the noise gain of U13, which is 1 + R4/R5. For the R4 and R5 values chosen, the noise gain is 1.8, and the reference voltage is 1.8 × 2.5 V = 4.5 V. The U4 and U14 AD8615 op amps provide a signal gain of 0.225 (set by the ratio of R1 to R2 and R19 to R20), which reduces the amplitude of the 20 V p-p input signals to 4.5 V p-p at the inputs of the ADCs. A 2.25 V offset is required at the outputs of U4 and U14 for a 0 V input. This requires a commonmode voltage of 1.84 V at the noninverting input of U4 and U14. This voltage is developed by the resistor divider R3-R6. The R-C network on the output of U4 and U14 (33 Ω, 2.7 nF) forms a single-pole noise filter with a bandwidth of 1.8 MHz. The AD8615 is a CMOS rail-to-rail input and output, singlesupply amplifier featuring very low offset voltage, wide signal bandwidth, and low input voltage and current noise. The part uses a patented DigiTrim® trimming technique that achieves superior precision without laser trimming. The AD8615 is fully specified to operate from 2.7 V to 5 V single supplies. The combination of greater than 20 MHz bandwidth, low offset, low noise, and low input bias current makes this amplifier useful in a wide variety of applications. Filters, integrators, photodiode amplifiers, and high impedance sensors all benefit from the combination of performance features. AC applications benefit from the wide bandwidth and low distortion. The AD8615 offers the highest output drive capability of the DigiTrim family, which is excellent for audio line drivers and other low impedance applications. Applications for the parts include portable and low powered instrumentation, audio amplification for portable devices, portable phone headsets, barcode scanners, and multipole filters. The ability to swing rail-to-rail at both the input and output enables designers to buffer CMOS ADCs, DACs, ASICs, and other wide output swing devices in single-supply systems. The ADR391 micropower, low dropout voltage reference provides a stable output voltage from a minimum supply of 300 mV above the output. Its advanced design eliminates the need for external capacitors, which further reduces board space and system cost. The combination of low power operation, small size, and ease of use makes the ADR391 precision voltage reference ideally suited for battery-operated applications. Using patented temperature drift curvature correction techniques from Analog Devices, the ADR391 reference achieves a low 9 ppm/°C of temperature drift in a TSOT package. The ADuM1402 is a quad-channel digital isolator based on Analog Devices’ iCoupler® technology. Combining high speed CMOS and monolithic air core transformer technology, this isolation component provides outstanding performance characteristics superior to alternatives such as optocoupler devices. By avoiding the use of LEDs and photodiodes, iCoupler devices remove the design difficulties commonly associated with optocouplers. The typical optocoupler concerns regarding uncertain current transfer ratios, nonlinear transfer functions, and temperature and lifetime effects are eliminated with the simple iCoupler digital interfaces and stable performance characteristics. The need for external drivers and other discrete components is eliminated with these iCoupler products. Furthermore, iCoupler devices consume one-tenth to one-sixth of the power of optocouplers at comparable signal data rates. The ADuM1402 isolators provides four independent isolation channels with 2/2 directionality and multiple data rates up to 90 Mbps for the C grade (see the data sheet Ordering Guide). All models operate with the supply voltage on either side ranging from 2.7 V to 5.5 V, providing compatibility with lower Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 5 Circuit Note CN-0194 AIN1 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 AIN2 0 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 SAMPLE NUMBER Figure 2. 15,000 Samples of Two Separate ±10V Input Signals (AIN1,AIN2), 90° Out of Phase, Applied to AIN1 and AIN2 Sampled at 250 kSPS on the EVAL-CN0194-SDPZ Board in Daisy Chain Mode 09612-003 Two ±10 V signals 90° out of phase were applied to the two channels (AIN1 and AIN2) of the EVAL-CN0194-SDPZ board. The results of their conversion are seen in Figure 2, which was obtained using the supplied evaluation software. The supplied evaluation software can also be used to view FFT data (Figure 3) as well as a histogram for codes at a fixed dc level (Figure 4). A complete design support package for this circuit note can be found at www.analog.com/CN0194-DesignSupport. 09612-002 Figure 1 shows how the AD7685’s are daisy-chained to reduce the number of signals requiring isolation. Note that the RSCLK and RFS are readbacks of the AD7685’s serial clock (SCK) and serial frame sync (CNV), respectively. These readback signals need to have a very short skew with respect to the DATA signal. This skew is the channel-to-channel matching propagation delay of the digital isolator (tPSKCD), which is less than 2 ns for the ADuM1402C. This allows running the serial interface at the maximum speed of the digital isolator (90 Mbps for the ADuM1402C), which corresponds to a maximum serial clock frequency of 90 MHz. This might have been otherwise limited by the cascade of the propagation delays of the digital isolators if the delays were too long. In the circuit, the TSCLK frequency is 30 MHz for a sampling frequency of 250 kSPS. The performance of this or any high speed circuit is highly dependent on proper PCB layout. This includes, but is not limited to, power supply bypassing, controlled impedance lines (where required), component placement, signal routing, and power and ground planes. (See MT-031 Tutorial, MT-101 Tutorial, and the article, A Practical Guide to High-Speed Printed-CircuitBoard Layout, for more detailed information regarding PCB layout.) OUTPUT CODE voltage systems, as well as enabling a voltage translation functionality across the isolation barrier. In addition, the ADuM1402 provides low pulse width distortion (