[AK9723AJ]
AK9723AJ
LED Driver and Sensor AFE for NDIR Gas Sensing
1. General Description
The AK9723AJ is the IR LED driver and Analog Front End (AFE) IC for signal processing of IR photo
detector. The AK9723AJ has dual channel AFE and an ADC for digital output, and IR photo detector
output signals can be obtained at the same time. The AK9723AJ can communicate with HOST MCU
through I2C bus. The AK9723AJ is suitable for NDIR gas sensing processing using IR LED and IR
photo detector.
2. Features
⚫
⚫
⚫
⚫
⚫
Integrated LED Driver with Programmable Constant Current Circuit
Dual Channel Input AFE
Interrupt Function
Power Supply Voltage Range: 2.7V to 3.6V
Small and Thin Package: 16-pin QFN 4.0mm x 4.0mm x t0.7mm
3. Applications
⚫
NDIR gas sensor
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4. Table of Contents
1. General Description................................................................................................................................ 1
2. Features ................................................................................................................................................. 1
3. Applications ............................................................................................................................................ 1
4. Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... 2
5. Block Diagram and Functions ................................................................................................................ 4
5.1. Block Diagram ................................................................................................................................. 4
5.2. Functions ......................................................................................................................................... 4
6. Pin Configurations and Functions .......................................................................................................... 5
6.1. Pin Configurations ........................................................................................................................... 5
6.2. Functions ......................................................................................................................................... 5
7. Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................................................................................... 6
8. Operating Conditions.............................................................................................................................. 6
9. Power Supply Conditions ....................................................................................................................... 6
10. Electrical Characteristics ...................................................................................................................... 7
10.1. Analog Characteristics................................................................................................................... 7
10.1.1. Connection device specification ............................................................................................. 8
10.2. Digital Characteristics .................................................................................................................... 8
10.2.1. DC Characteristics .................................................................................................................. 8
10.2.2. AC Characteristics .................................................................................................................. 9
11. Functional Descriptions ...................................................................................................................... 11
11.1. Power Supply States ................................................................................................................... 11
11.2. Reset Functions ........................................................................................................................... 11
11.3. Operating Mode ........................................................................................................................... 11
11.4. Descriptions for Each Operating Mode ....................................................................................... 12
11.4.1. Power Down Mode................................................................................................................ 12
11.4.2. Stand-by Mode (MODE [1:0] bits = “00”) .............................................................................. 12
11.4.3. Single Measurement Mode (MODE [1:0] bits = “10”) ........................................................... 12
11.5. Read Measurement Data ............................................................................................................ 13
11.5.1. Recommended Measurement Procedure ............................................................................ 13
12. Serial Interface ................................................................................................................................... 15
12.1. Data Transfer ............................................................................................................................... 15
12.1.1. Changing state of the SDA line............................................................................................. 15
12.1.2. Start / Stop Conditions .......................................................................................................... 15
12.1.3. Acknowledge ......................................................................................................................... 16
12.1.4. Slave Address ....................................................................................................................... 17
12.1.5. Write Command .................................................................................................................... 18
12.1.6. Read Command .................................................................................................................... 19
13. Registers ............................................................................................................................................ 20
13.1. Description of Registers .............................................................................................................. 20
13.2. Register Map ............................................................................................................................... 21
13.3. Detailed Description of Register .................................................................................................. 22
13.3.1. WIA1: Company code ........................................................................................................... 22
13.3.2. WIA2: Device ID .................................................................................................................... 22
13.3.3. INFO1, INFO2: Information................................................................................................... 22
13.3.4. ST1: Status 1 ........................................................................................................................ 22
13.3.5. IRxL, IRxM, IRxH: Measurement data of IR sensor (x=1,2) ................................................. 23
13.3.6. TMPL, TMPH: Measurement data of temperature sensor ................................................... 23
13.3.7. Vf: Measurement data of LED forward voltage .................................................................... 24
13.3.8. CNTL1: Control1 ................................................................................................................... 24
13.3.9. CNTL2: Control2 ................................................................................................................... 25
13.3.10. CNTL3: Control3 ................................................................................................................. 25
13.3.11. CNTL4: Control4 ................................................................................................................. 26
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13.3.12. CNTL5: Control5 ................................................................................................................. 27
13.3.13. CNTL6: Control6 ................................................................................................................. 27
13.3.14. CNTL7: Control7 ................................................................................................................. 27
13.3.15. CNTL8: Control8 ................................................................................................................. 28
13.3.16. CNTL9: Control9 ................................................................................................................. 28
13.3.17. CNTL10: Control10 ............................................................................................................. 28
14. Recommended External Circuits ....................................................................................................... 29
15. Package.............................................................................................................................................. 30
15.1. Outline Dimensions ..................................................................................................................... 30
15.2. Pad Dimensions........................................................................................................................... 31
15.3. Marking ........................................................................................................................................ 32
16. Ordering Guide ................................................................................................................................... 32
17. Revision History ................................................................................................................................. 32
IMPORTANT NOTICE .......................................................................................................................... 34
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5. Block Diagram and Functions
5.1. Block Diagram
Figure 5.1 Block Diagram
5.2. Functions
Block
OSC
VIREF
TSENS
AFE1
AFE2
ADC1 / 2
LED DRIVER
REGU
I2C I/F
SEQUENCER
REGISTER
ADVREF GEN1 / 2
SH
PRE SH
Table 5.1 Block Functions
Function
Oscillator
Reference voltage and reference current generator
Temperature sensor
Convert the IR photo detector output current path1 (IR1 path) to
voltage.
Cancel the offset of IR photo detector.
Convert the IR photo detector output current path2 (IR2 path) to
voltage.
Cancel the offset of IR photo detector.
Sigma delta 2nd order analog-to-digital converter
LED constant current driver
Generate 1.6V for digital circuit
Communicate with MCU by SCL and SDA in I2C protocol.
Support 400kHz fast mode.
Control of analog circuit
Register to store the measurement data, operation mode, timing value
Reference voltage generator for ADC
Sample and hold circuit
Sample and hold circuit
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6. Pin Configurations and Functions
6.1. Pin Configurations
AK9723AJ
(Top view)
Figure 6.1 Pin Configurations
6.2. Functions
Table 6.1 Pin Functions
Pin No.
Name
1
SCL
2
SDA
3
INTN
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
PDN
TEST1
TEST2
TEST3
TEST4
SINA1
SINC1
SINC2
SINA2
LEDO
FVDD
VSS
AVDD
I/O
I
Functions
I2C
clock input pin. This pin is open drain pin output (NMOS type).
data input/output pin. This pin is open drain pin output (NMOS
I/O
type).
Interrupt pin. INTN pin is active low at the ADC output is ready for read.
O
This pin is open drain output (NMOS type).
I Power down pin. When PDN pin = “H”, The AK9723AJ can operate.
I TEST pin. TEST pin must be connected to VSS
I TEST pin. TEST pin must be connected to VSS
I TEST pin. TEST pin must be connected to VSS
I TEST pin. TEST pin must be connected to VSS
I IR photo ditector1 connection pin (anode)
I IR photo ditector1 connection pin (cathode)
I IR photo ditector2 connection pin (cathode)
I IR photo ditector2 connection pin (anode)
O LED driver output pin
- LED driver power supply pin
- Ground pin
- Power supply pin
I2C
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7. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
VSS = 0V
Parameter
Power supply
AVDD, FVDD pins
Input voltage
All pins
All pins (Except for
Input current
power supply)
Storage temperature
Symbol
V+
Vin
Min.
-0.3
-0.3
Max.
4.3
4.3
Unit
V
V
Iin
-10
10
mA
Tstg
-40
125
C
Notes
Operation exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
8. Operating Conditions
Table 8.1 Operating Conditions
VSS = 0V
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Power supply AVDD, FVDD pins
V+
2.7
3.0
3.6
Operation temperature
Ta
-40
85
Notes
Operation outside the recommended operating conditions is not guaranteed.
Power supply and temperature monitor is recommended.
Unit
V
C
9. Power Supply Conditions
Table 9.1 Power Supply Conditions
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = FVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Power supply
PDN pin
PSUP
200
-
Max.
-
Unit
μs
Figure 9.1 Power supply conditions
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10. Electrical Characteristics
10.1. Analog Characteristics
Table 10.1 Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = FVDD= 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
IR sensor maximum input
current 1
IR sensor maximum input
current 2
IR sensor output noise 1
IR sensor output noise 2
Sensor resistance
measurement range 1
Sensor resistance
measurement range 2
LED forward voltage
measurement range
LED terminal voltage
range
LED current accuracy
LED current step
Current consumption
IR1 path
IR1_AFE_GAIN [1:0] bits = “01”
ITIME [7:0] bits = “00101010”
IR2 path
ITIME [7:0] bits = “00101010”
IR1 path
MLOOP [3:0] bits= “0000”
IR1_AFE_GAIN [1:0] bits = “00”
ITIME [7:0] bits = “00101010”
R01 = 33kΩ
Ta = 25 ºC
IR2 path
ITIME [7:0] bits = “00101010”
R02 = 33kΩ
Ta = 25 ºC
IR1 path
Sensor resistance measurement mode
IR2 path
Sensor resistance measurement mode
LEDADJ [4:0] bits= “11000”
LEDADJ [4:0] bits= “11000”
LEDO pin = 1.5V
Ta = 25 ºC
LEDO pin = 1.5V
AVDD, FVDD pins = 2.7V
Ta = 25 ºC
PDN pin = AVDD
MODE [1:0] bits = “00”
PDN pin = AVDD
MODE [1:0] bits = “10”
MTIME [7:0] bits = “00000000”
ITIME [7:0] bits = “01011100”
LEDADJ [4:0] bits = “11000”
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Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
SIR1
24
30
37
nA
SIR2
2.0
2.5
3.1
μA
SON1
-
27000
40500
LSB
rms
SON2
-
2000
3000
LSB
rms
SRMR1
675
750
-
kΩ
SRMR2
405
450
-
kΩ
VFMR
0.55
-
FVDD-0.5
V
LTVR
0.55
-
FVDD-0.5
V
LCA
97
100
103
mA
LCS
1.5
3.0
4.5
mA
IDD0
-
0.45
3.0
μA
IDD1
-
560
750
μA
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10.1.1. Connection device specification
Table 10.2 Connection device specification
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Input current 1
IR1 path
ISIN1
1.0
Input current 2
IR2 path
ISIN2
0.4
Typ.
8.5
3.0
Max.
51.0
18.0
Unit
nA
μA
10.2. Digital Characteristics
10.2.1. DC Characteristics
Table 10.3 DC Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
PDN, SCL,
High level input voltage1
VIH
70%AVDD
SDA pins
PDN, SCL,
Low level input voltage
VIL
SDA pins
Vin = VSS or
PDN, SCL,
Input current
Iin
-10
AVDD
SDA pins
SCL,
Hysteresis voltage (*1)
VHS
5%AVDD
SDA pins
Low level
SDA,
output
IOL ≤ 3mA
VOL
INTN pins
voltage
Note
* 1. Reference data only, not tested
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Typ.
Max.
Unit
-
AVDD+0.3
V
-
30%AVDD
V
-
10
μA
-
-
V
-
20%AVDD
V
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10.2.2. AC Characteristics
Table 10.4 AC Characteristics (Standard Mode: fSCL ≤ 100kHz)
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
SCL clock frequency
fSCL
100
SCL clock high period
tHIGH
4.0
SCL clock low period
tLOW
4.7
SDA and SCL rise time (*2)
tR
1.0
SDA and SCL fall time (*2)
tF
0.3
Start condition hold time
tHD:STA
4.0
Start condition setup time
tSU:STA
4.7
SDA hold time (vs. SCL falling edge)
tHD:DAT
0
SDA setup time (vs. SCL rising edge)
tSU:DAT
250
Stop condition setup time
tSU:STO
4.0
Bus free time
tBUF
4.7
Note
*2. Reference data only, not tested
Unit
kHz
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
µs
µs
Table 10.5 AC Characteristics (Fast Mode: 100kHz ≤ fSCL ≤ 400kHz)
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Max.
SCL clock frequency
fSCL
400
SCL clock high period
tHIGH
0.6
SCL clock low period
tLOW
1.3
SDA and SCL rise time (*3)
tR
0.3
SDA and SCL fall time (*3)
tF
0.3
Start condition hold time
tHD:STA
0.6
Start condition setup time
tSU:STA
0.6
SDA hold time (vs. SCL falling edge)
tHD:DAT
0
SDA setup time (vs. SCL rising edge)
tSU:DAT
100
Stop condition setup time
tSU:STO
0.6
Bus free time
tBUF
1.3
Noise suppression pulse width
tSP
50
Note
*3. Reference data only, not tested.
Unit
kHz
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
µs
ns
µs
µs
ns
[I2C bus interface timing]
VIH
SDA
VIL
tLOW
tBUF
tR
tHIGH
tF
tSP
VIH
SCL
VIL
tHD:STA
Stop
tHD:DAT
tSU:DAT
tSU:STA
tSU:STO
Start
Stop
Start
Figure 10.1 Bus Timing
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Table 10.6 AC Characteristics of the INTN pin
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min. Typ. Max.
INTN pin
Rise time (*4)
tRINTN
2.0
RL = 24kΩ
Fall time (*4)
tFINTN
0.25
CL = 50pF
Note
*4. Reference data only, not tested
Unit
µs
µs
Figure 10.2 INTN load circuit
Table 10.7 AC Characteristics of the PDN pin
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
PDN pulse width
PDN pin
TPDN
1
Command input disable time
TCIE
10
-
Max.
-
Unit
µs
µs
Max.
-
Unit
ms
Figure 10.3 TPDN and TCIE condition
Table 10.8 Measurement interval condition
Unless otherwise specified, AVDD = 2.7 ~ 3.6V, Ta = -40 ~ 85ºC
Parameter
Symbol
Min.
Typ.
Measurement interval
TMI
1.5
-
Figure 10.4 Measurement interval condition
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11. Functional Descriptions
11.1. Power Supply States
State
1
2
3
Table 11.1 Power Supply States and Functions
AVDD pin, FVDD pin
PDN pin
I2C
Analog Circuit
OFF(0V)
“L”
Disable
Power Down
2.7 ~ 3.6V
“L”
Disable
Power Down
Only the regulator
2.7 ~ 3.6V
“H”
Enable
circuit operates
11.2. Reset Functions
The AK9723AJ has two reset functions.
(1) Hardware reset
The AK9723AJ is reset by PDN pin = VSS.
(2) Soft reset
The AK9723AJ is reset by setting SRST bit.
When the AK9723AJ is reset, all registers are set to initial values.
11.3. Operating Mode
The AK9723AJ has following three operation modes.
(1) Power Down Mode
(2) Stand-by Mode
(3) Single Measurement Mode
Power Down Mode:
The all circuits are powered down for saving the current consumption.
PDN= “H”
PDN= “L”
MODE [1:0] bits = “10”
Single measurement mode:
MODE [1:0] bits = “00, 01, 11”
The measurement is done, and saving the data on
the register. Stand-by mode is automatically after
measurement ended.
Automatic shift
Figure 11.1 Operating Mode
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11.4. Descriptions for Each Operating Mode
11.4.1. Power Down Mode
All circuits are powered off. The all functions of the AK9723AJ does not work in this mode.
11.4.2. Stand-by Mode (MODE [1:0] bits = “00”)
Power to the circuits except for the regulator is off. All registers can be accessed in this mode. Read /
write register data are retained, and reset by software reset.
11.4.3. Single Measurement Mode (MODE [1:0] bits = “10”)
When the AK9723AJ is set to single measurement mode (MODE [1:0] bits = “10”), measurement is
done once, and the measurement data is stored to the measurement data registers (IR1L to VFH). After
completing measurement, The AK9723AJ outputs “Low” from INTN pin and goes to stand-by mode
(MODE [1:0] bits = “00”) automatically.
Change the register
Read data
Change the register
MODE[1:0]
"00"
"10" (Single measurement mode)
"00" (Stand-by Mode)
…
"10"
…
Measure 1
MLOOP[3:0] setting
Intermediate data
Measure 1
Measure 2
…
Measure M
Measurement data
…
Data(N)
Interrupt
Data(N)
Data is ready
MTIME[7:0] setting
Analog
OFF
ON
OFF
…
ON
LED driver
…
IR sensor measurement
LED off time = (Integration time x 2 + 26) x 8 μs
…
ON
IR sensor measurement
LED on time = Integration time x 2 + 26 μs
Temperature
measurement
Vf measurement
Figure 11.2 Single Measurement Mode
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11.5. Read Measurement Data
After measurement data is set to internal buffer and ready to read, “DRDY” bit in ST1 register is set to
“1”. This state is called “Data Ready”. When the DRDY bit is "1", the output of the INTN pin becomes
"L". When the ST1 read is complete, the DRDY bit is set to "0" and INTN pin output becomes "H".
(N-1)
(N)
Stand-by Measurement
(N+1)
Measurement
Stand-by
Stand-by
Measurement data register
data(N-1)
data(N)
data(N+1)
DRDY
INTN pin
Read-out data
ST1
data(N)
ST1
data(N+1)
Figure 11.3 Read-out Procedure
The AK9723AJ recommends monitoring the INTN pin.
When you do not use the INTN pin, please note the following points.
If the measurement is completed while reading ST1, the DRDY bit may not be updated properly.
Therefore, secure 10% or more margin for the set measurement time and execute DRDY bit read.
11.5.1. Recommended Measurement Procedure
Recommended measurement procedure of AK9723AJ is shown below.
(1) Setting before measurement
Confirm INTN pin = “H” and write the data to the following registers.
Soft Reset: Write FFh to register address 18h
Measurement number of intermediate data setting
Measurement time of intermediate data setting
Integration time
LED current adjustment setting
Test mode: Write 00h to register address 17h
(2) Start measure
Measurement is executed by writing 02h to the Measurement mode setting register.
(3) Read measurement data
INTN pin output turns to “L” (Active) after completion of data ready.
Read measurement data in the following order.
Status 1
Measurement data of IR sensor
Measurement data of temperature sensor
Measurement data of LED forward voltage
INTN pin turns to “H” when reading the Status 1 register.
(4) Wait 1.5ms or more
For measurement again, execute from (1).
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Figure 11.4 Recommended Measurement Procedure
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12. Serial Interface
The
bus interface of the AK9723AJ supports standard mode (Max, 100kHz) and high-speed mode
(Max. 400kHz).
I2C
12.1. Data Transfer
Initially the start condition should be input to access the AK9723AJ through the bus. Next, send a one
byte slave address, which includes the device address. The AK9723AJ compares the slave address,
and if these addresses match, the AK9723AJ generates an acknowledge signal and executes a read /
write command. The stop condition should be input after executing a command.
12.1.1. Changing state of the SDA line
The SDA line state should be changed only while the SCL line is “L”. The SDA line state must be
maintained while the SCL line is “H”. The SDA line state can be changed while the SCL line is “H”, only
when a start condition or a stop condition is input.
SCL
SDA
Constant
Changing Stare
Enable
Figure 12.1 Changing State of SDA Line
12.1.2. Start / Stop Conditions
A start condition is generated when the SDA line state is changed from “H” to “L” while the SCL line is
“H”. All commands start from a start condition.
A stop condition is generated when the SDA line state is changed from “L” to “H” while the SCL line is
“H”. All commands end after a stop condition.
SCL
SDA
Start Condition
Stop Condition
Figure 12.2 Start / Stop Conditions
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12.1.3. Acknowledge
The device transmitting data will release the SDA line after transmitting one byte of data (SDA line state
is “H”). The device receiving data will pull the SDA line to “L” during the next clock. This operation is
called “Acknowledge”. The acknowledge signal can be used to indicate successful data transfers.
The AK9723AJ will output an acknowledge signal after receiving a start condition and slave address.
The AK9723AJ will output an acknowledge signal after receiving each byte, when the write instruction is
transmitted.
The AK9723AJ will transmit the data stored in the selected address after outputting an acknowledge
signal, when read instruction is transmitted. Then the AK9723AJ will monitor the SDA line after
releasing the SDA line. If the master device generates an acknowledge instead of stop condition, the
AK9723AJ transmits an 8-bit data stored in the next address. When the acknowledge is not generated,
transmitting data is terminated.
Figure 12.3 Acknowledge
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12.1.4. Slave Address
The slave address of the AK9723AJ is 65h.
MSB
1
LSB
1
0
0
1
0
1
R/W
Figure 12.4 Slave Address
When the first one byte data including the slave address is transmitted after a start condition, the
device, which is specified as the communicator by the slave address on bus, selected.
After transmitting the slave address, the device that has the corresponding device address will execute
a command after transmitting an acknowledge signal. The 8-bit (Least Significant bit-LSB) of the first
one byte is the R/W bit.
When the R/W bit is set to “1”, a read command is executed. When the R/W bit is set to “0”, a write
command is executed.
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12.1.5. Write Command
When the R/W bit set to “0”, the AK9723AJ executes a write operation. The AK9723AJ will out an
acknowledge signal and receive the second byte, after receiving a start condition and first one byte
(slave address) in a write operation. The second byte has an MSB-first configuration, and specifies the
address of the internal control register.
MSB
LSB
A7
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0
Figure 12.5 Register Address
The AK9723AJ will generate an acknowledge and receive the third byte after receiving the second byte
(register address).
The data after the third byte is the control data. The control data consists of 8-bit and has an MSB-first
configuration. The AK9723AJ generates an acknowledge for each byte received. The data transfer is
terminated by a stop condition, generated by the master device.
MSB
LSB
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
Figure 12.6 Control Data
Two or more bytes can be written at once. The AK9723AJ generates an acknowledge and receives the
next data after receiving the third byte (control data). When the following data is transmitted without a
stop condition, after transmitting one byte, the internal address counter is automatically incremented,
and data is written in the next address.
DATA(n+1)
P
ACK
DATA(n+x)
ACK
DATA(n)
ACK
ACK
Register
Address(n)
ACK
SDA S Slave
Address
Stop
R/W= 0
ACK
Start
The automatic increment function works in the address from 0Fh to 17h. When the start address is
“0Fh”, the address is repeatedly incremented as. “0Fh -> 10h -> … -> 17h -> 0Fh -> 10h…”
Figure 12.7 Write Operation
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[AK9723AJ]
12.1.6. Read Command
When the R/W bit is set to “1”, the AK9723AJ executes a read operation. When the AK9723AJ
transmits data from the specified address, the master device generates an acknowledge instead of a
stop condition and the next address data can be read-out.
Address can be 00h to 0Eh, 0Fh to 17h. When the address is 00h to 0Eh, the address is incremented
00h -> 01h -> … -> 0Eh, and the address goes back to 04h after 0Eh. When the address is 0Fh to17h,
the address goes back to 0Fh after 17h.
The AK9723AJ supports both current address read and random address read.
(1) Current Address Read
The AK9723AJ has an integrated address counter. The data specified by the counter is read-out in the
current address read operation. The internal address counter retains the next address which is
accessed at last. For example, when the address which was accessed last is “n”, the data of address
“n+1” is read-out by the current address read instruction.
The AK9723AJ generates an acknowledge after receiving a read instruction (R/W bit = “1”). Then the
AK9723AJ will start to transmit the data specified by the internal address counter at the next clock, and
will increment the internal address counter by one. The read operation terminates when the master
device generates a stop condition instead of an acknowledge after the AK9723AJ transmits one byte
data.
Stop
DATA(n+2)
P
ACK
DATA(n+x)
ACK
DATA(n+1)
ACK
DATA(n)
ACK
S Slave
Address
ACK
SDA
ACK
Start
R/W= “1”
Figure 12.8 Current Address Read
(2) Random Read
Data from an arbitrary address can be read-out by a random read operation. A random read requires
the input of a dummy write instruction before the input of a slave address of a read instruction (R/W bit
= “1”).
To execute random read, the master device generates a start condition, and then the slave address
(R/W bit = “0”) of the write instruction and the read address are sequentially input. The AK9723AJ
generates an acknowledge after receiving the write instruction. After that, the master device input a
start condition and a slave address of the read instruction (R/W bit = “1”). The AK9723AJ generates an
acknowledge in response to the input of this slave address. Next, the AK9723AJ outputs the data at the
specified address, then increments the internal address counter by one. The read operation terminates
when the master device generates a stop condition instead of an acknowledge after the AK9723AJ
transmits the data.
Stop
DATA(n+x)
DATA(n+1)
DATA(n)
P
ACK
Slave
Address
ACK
S
ACK
ACK
Register
Address(n)
ACK
SDA S Slave
Address
R/W= “1”
ACK
Start
Start
R/W= “0”
Figure 12.9 Random Read
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13. Registers
13.1. Description of Registers
The AK9723AJ has registers of 25 addresses as indicated in Table 13.1 Every address consists of 8-bit
data. Data is transferred to or received from the external MCU via the serial interface described
previously.
Table 13.1 Register Table
Name
Address
SRST
R/W
WIA1
WIA2
INFO1
INFO2
ST1
IR1L
IR1M
IR1H
IR2L
IR2M
IR2H
TMPL
00h
01h
02h
03h
04h
05h
06h
07h
08h
09h
0Ah
0Bh
Disable
Disable
Disable
Disable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
TMPH
0Ch
Enable
R
VFL
0Dh
Enable
R
VFH
0Eh
Enable
R
CNTL1
CNTL2
CNTL3
CNTL4
CNTL5
CNTL6
CNTL7
CNTL8
CNTL9
CNTL10
0Fh
10h
11h
12h
13h
14h
15h
16h
17h
18h
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
Enable
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Data
Content
Company Code
Device ID
Information
Information
Status 1
Measurement data of IR1 (Low)
Measurement data of IR1 (Middle)
Measurement data of IR1 (High)
Measurement data of IR2 (Low)
Measurement data of IR2 (Middle)
Measurement data of IR2 (High)
Measurement data of temperature sensor(Low)
Measurement data of temperature
sensor(High)
Measurement data of LED forward
voltage(Low)
Measurement data of LED forward voltage
(High)
Measurement number of intermediate data
Measurement time of intermediate data
Integration time
IR2 integrated time setting
INTN pin output setting
Mode setting
Detection range switching
LED current setting
Resistance measurement mode setting
Soft reset
bit
8
8
8
8
3
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
4
8
8
8
2
2
7
5
1
1
Addresses 00h to 0Eh, 0Fh to 17h are compliant with automatic increment function of serial interface
respectively. When the address is in 00h to 0Eh, the address is incremented 00h -> 01h -> 02h -> … ->
0Eh, and the address goes back to 04h after 0Eh. When the address is in 0Fh to 17h, the address goes
back to 0Fh after 17h.
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13.2. Register Map
Address
Name
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
00h
WIA1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
01h
WIA2
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
02h
INFO1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
03h
INFO2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
OVCUR
_DET
ERR_FLAG
DRDY
04h
ST1
1
1
1
1
05h
IR1L
IR1L_7
IR1L_6
IR1L_5
IR1L_4
IR1L_3
IR1L_2
IR1L_1
IR1L_0
06h
IR1M
IR1M_15
IR1M_14
IR1M_13
IR1M_12
IR1M_11
IR1M_10
IR1M_9
IR1M_8
07h
IR1H
IR1H_23
IR1H_22
IR1H_21
IR1H_20
IR1H_19
IR1H_18
IR1H_17
IR1H_16
08h
IR2L
IR2L_7
IR2L_6
IR2L_5
IR2L_4
IR2L_3
IR2L_2
IR2L_1
IR2L_0
09h
IR2M
IR2M_15
IR2M_14
IR2M_13
IR2M_12
IR2M_11
IR2M_10
IR2M_9
IR2M_8
0Ah
IR2H
IR2H_23
IR2H_22
IR2H_21
IR2H_20
IR2H_19
IR2H_18
IR2H_17
IR2H_16
0Bh
TMPL
TMPL_7
TMPL_6
TMPL_5
TMPL_4
TMPL_3
TMPL_2
TMPL_1
TMPL_0
0Ch
TMPH
TMPH_15
TMPH_14
TMPH_13
TMPH_12
TMPH_11
TMPH_10
TMPH_9
TMPH_8
0Dh
VFL
VFL_7
VFL_6
VFL_5
VFL_4
VFL_3
VFL_2
VFL_1
VFL_0
0Eh
VFH
VFH_15
VFH_14
VFH_13
VFH_12
VFH_11
VFH_10
VFH_9
VFH_8
0Fh
CNTL1
1
1
1
1
MLOOP_3
MLOOP_2
MLOOP_1
MLOOP_0
10h
CNTL2
MTIME_7
MTIME_6
MTIME_5
MTIME_4
MTIME_3
MTIME_2
MTIME_1
MTIME_0
11h
CNTL3
ITIME_7
ITIME_6
ITIME_5
ITIME_4
ITIME_3
ITIME_2
ITIME_1
ITIME_0
12h
CNTL4
IR2INT_7
IR2INT_6
IR2INT_5
IR2INT_4
IR2INT_3
IR2INT_2
IR2INT_1
IR2INT_0
13h
CNTL5
1
1
1
1
1
1
ERR_DIS
DRDY_DIS
14h
CNTL6
1
1
1
1
1
1
MODE_1
MODE_0
IR1_
MSRIUP
IR2_SH
_GAIN
IR1_ADC
_RNG
IR1_SH
_GAIN
IR1_AFE
_GAIN_1
IR1_AFE
_GAIN_0
LEDADJ_0
15h
CNTL7
1
IR2_
MSRIUP
16h
CNTL8
1
1
1
LEDADJ_4
LEDADJ_3
LEDADJ_2
LEDADJ_1
17h
CNTL9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
TST
18h
CNTL10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SRST
The ERR_FLAG bit is reset in the single measurement mode setting.
At this time, the DRDY bit is not reset.
The DRDY bit is reset by reading the ST1 register.
At this time, the ERR_FLAG bit is not reset.
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13.3. Detailed Description of Register
13.3.1. WIA1: Company code
Address Name
D7
D6
D5
00h
WIA1
0
1
0
1 Byte fixed code as Company code of AKM.
D4
0
D3
1
D2
0
D1
0
D0
0
13.3.2. WIA2: Device ID
Address Name
D7
D6
01h
WIA2
0
0
1 Byte fixed code as AKM device ID.
D5
1
D4
0
D3
0
D2
0
D1
1
D0
1
D5
0
0
D4
0
0
D3
0
0
D2
0
0
D1
0
0
D0
0
0
13.3.3. INFO1, INFO2: Information
Address Name
D7
D6
02h
INFO1
0
0
03h
INFO2
0
0
INFO1 [7:0]: Reserved register for AKM.
INFO2 [7:0]: Reserved register for AKM.
13.3.4. ST1: Status 1
Address Name
D7
04h
ST1
Reset
1
D6
D5
D4
D3
1
1
1
1
D2
OVCUR_DET
0
D1
ERR_FLAG
0
D0
DRDY
0
OVCUR_DET: Error flag
“0”: Normal state
“1”: Error state
Error flag is set when LED overcurrent is detected.
ERR_FLAG: Error flag
“0”: Normal state
“1”: Error state
The ERR_FLAG bit is "1" when register setting satisfies the following conditions.
Error judgment condition: (Integration time) x 18 > (Measurement time)
DRDY: Data ready
“0”: Normal state
“1”: Data ready
When data can be read, the DRDY bit becomes “1”. This bit returns to “0” when reading of ST1 register
is completed.
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13.3.5. IRxL, IRxM, IRxH: Measurement data of IR sensor (x=1,2)
Address Name
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
IR1L_7
IR1L_6
IR1L_5
IR1L_4
IR1L_3
05h
IR1L
06h
IR1M IR1M_15 IR1M_14 IR1M_13 IR1M_12 IR1M_11
IR1H_23 IR1H_22 IR1H_21 IR1H_20 IR1H_19
07h
IR1H
IR2L_7
IR2L_6
IR2L_5
IR2L_4
IR2L_3
08h
IR2L
09h
IR2M IR2M_15 IR2M_14 IR2M_13 IR2M_12 IR2M_11
IR2H_23 IR2H_22 IR2H_21 IR2H_20 IR2H_19
0Ah
IR2H
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
D2
D1
D0
IR1L_2
IR1M_10
IR1H_18
IR2L_2
IR2M_10
IR2H_18
IR1L_1
IR1M_9
IR1H_17
IR2L_1
IR2M_9
IR2H_17
IR1L_0
IR1M_8
IR1H_16
IR2L_0
IR2M_8
IR2H_16
0
0
0
Measurement data of IR sensor
IR1L [7:0]: IR1 measurement data lower 8-bit
IR1M [15:8]: IR1 measurement data middle 8-bit
IR1H [23:16]: IR1 measurement data upper 8-bit
IR2L [7:0]: IR2 measurement data lower 8-bit
IR2M [15:8]: IR2 measurement data middle 8-bit
IR2H [23:16]: IR2 measurement data upper 8-bit
24-bit data is stored in two’s complement and little endian format.
Table 13.1 Measurement data of IR sensor
IRx [23:0] (x=1,2)
IR Sensor output [mV]
Hex
Decimal
7FFFFF
8388607
750
⁞
⁞
⁞
555555
5592405
500
⁞
⁞
⁞
111111
1118481
100
⁞
⁞
⁞
000001
1
8.94x10-5
000000
0
0
FFFFFF
-1
-8.94x10-5
⁞
⁞
⁞
EEEEEF
-1118481
-100
⁞
⁞
⁞
AAAAAB
-5592405
-500
⁞
⁞
⁞
800001
-8388607
-750
13.3.6. TMPL, TMPH: Measurement data of temperature sensor
Address Name
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
TMPL_6
TMPL_5
TMPL_4
TMPL_3
0Bh
TMPL TMPL_7
0Ch
TMPH TMPH_15 TMPH_14 TMPH_13 TMPH_12 TMPH_11
Reset
0
0
0
0
0
D2
D1
D0
TMPL_2
TMPH_10
TMPL_1
TMPH_9
TMPL_0
TMPH_8
0
0
0
Measurement data of temperature sensor
TMPL [7:0]: Temperature data lower 8-bit
TMPH [15:8]: Temperature data upper 8-bit
16-bit data is stored in two’s complement and little endian format.
By two-point calibration, it is possible to can accurately detect the temperature of -40 ºC to 85 ºC. For
details, refer to the application note “Calibrating the Temperature sensor”.
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13.3.7. Vf: Measurement data of LED forward voltage
Address Name
D7
D6
D5
D4
0Dh
VFL
VFL_7
VFL_6
VFL_5
VFL_4
0Eh
VFH VFH_15 VFH_14 VFH_13 VFH_12
Reset
0
0
0
0
D3
VFL_3
VFH_11
0
D2
VFL_2
VFH_10
0
D1
VFL_1
VFH_9
0
D0
VFL_0
VFH_8
0
Measurement data of LED forward voltage
VFL [7:0]: Vf data lower 8-bit
VFH [15:8]: Vf data upper 8-bit
16-bit data is stored in two’s complement and little endian format.
Table 13.3 Measurement data of LED forward voltage
Vf [15:0]
LED forward voltage [mV]
Hex
Decimal
7FFF
32767
2900
⁞
⁞
⁞
4444
17476
2200
⁞
⁞
⁞
2222
8738
1800
⁞
⁞
⁞
0001
1
1400.05
0000
0
1400
FFFF
-1
1399.95
⁞
⁞
⁞
DDDE
-8738
1000
⁞
⁞
⁞
BBBC
-17476
600
⁞
⁞
⁞
8001
-32767
-100
13.3.8. CNTL1: Control1
Address
Name
D7
0Fh
CNTL1
Reset
1
D6
1
D5
1
D4
1
D3
D2
D1
D0
MLOOP_3
MLOOP_2
MLOOP_1
MLOOP_0
0
0
0
0
MLOOP [3:0]: Measurement number of intermediate data setting
Table 13.4 Measurement number of intermediate data
MLOOP [3:0]
Number of measurements [times]
Hex
Decimal
A, B, C, D, E, F
10,11,12,13,14,15
1024
9
9
512
8
8
256
⁞
⁞
⁞
3
3
8
2
2
4
1
1
2
0
0
1
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13.3.9. CNTL2: Control2
Address
Name
D7
MTIME_7
10h
CNTL2
Reset
0
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
MTIME_6
MTIME_5
MTIME_4
MTIME_3
MTIME_2
MTIME_1
MTIME_0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
MTIME [7:0]: Measurement time of intermediate data setting
Table 13.5 Measurement time of intermediate data
MTIME [7:0]
Measurement time [ms]
Hex
Decimal
FF
255
515
⁞
⁞
⁞
51
81
167
⁞
⁞
⁞
03
3
11
02
2
9
01
1
7
00
0
5
13.3.10. CNTL3: Control3
Address
Name
D7
ITIME_7
11h
CNTL3
Reset
0
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
ITIME_6
ITIME_5
ITIME_4
ITIME_3
ITIME_2
ITIME_1
ITIME_0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ITIME [7:0]: Integration time setting
The light emission time of the LED can be obtained by the following formula.
LED light emission time = Integration time x 2 + 26 [μs]
Hex
FF
⁞
2A
29
28
⁞
02
01
00
Table 13.6 Integration time
ITIME [7:0]
Integration time [μs]
Decimal
255
520.9
⁞
⁞
42
100.0
41
98.0
40
96.1
⁞
⁞
2
21.0
1
19.0
0
17.0
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13.3.11. CNTL4: Control4
Address
Name
D7
IR2INT_7
12h
CNTL4
Reset
0
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
IR2INT_6
IR2INT_5
IR2INT_4
IR2INT_3
IR2INT_2
IR2INT_1
IR2INT_0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IR2INT [7:0]: Integration time adjustment of IR2
Since the input ranges of IR1 and IR2 are different, the integration time of IR2 can be adjusted to match
the measurement range of IR1.
The integration time of IR2 is shown below.
IR2 integration time = Integration time – IR2 mask time [μs]
Table 13.7 Integration time adjustment
IR2INT [7:0]
IR2mask time [μs]
Hex
Decimal
FF
255
503.9
⁞
⁞
⁞
82
130
256.9
⁞
⁞
⁞
03
3
5.9
02
2
4.0
01
1
2.0
00
0
0
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13.3.12. CNTL5: Control5
Address
Name
D7
13h
CNTL5
Reset
1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
1
1
1
1
1
D1
ERR_DIS
0
D0
DRDY_DIS
0
DRDY_DIS: DRDY interrupt setting
“0”: Enable
“1”: Disenable
ERR_DIS: Error flag interrupt setting
“0”: Enable
“1”: Disenable
If you do not want to interrupt the HOST from the INTN pin, set the above bit to "1".
13.3.13. CNTL6: Control6
Address
Name
D7
14h
CNTL6
Reset
1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
1
1
1
1
1
D1
MODE_1
0
D0
MODE_0
0
MODE [1:0]: Measurement mode setting
“00, 01, 11”: Stand-by Mode
“10”: Single Measurement Mode
13.3.14. CNTL7: Control7
Address
Name
D7
15h
CNTL7
Reset
1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
IR2_
MSRIUP
IR1_
MSRIUP
IR2_SH
_GAIN
IR1_ADC
_RNG
IR1_SH
_GAIN
IR1_AFE
_GAIN_1
IR1_AFE
_GAIN_0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
IR1_AFE_GAIN [1:0]: Selection of AFE gain of IR1 measurement path
“00”: 2 times
“01”: 1 times
“10”: 2/3 times
“11”: 1/2 times
IR1_SH_GAIN: Selection of SH gain of IR1 measurement path
“0”: 1 times
“1”: 2 times
IR1_ADC_RNG: Selection of ADC range of IR1 measurement path
“0”: 1000 mV
“1”: 500 mV
IR2_SH_GAIN: Selection of SH gain of IR2 measurement path
“0”: 0.5 times
“1”: 0.33 times
IR1_MSRIUP: Resolution selection in IR1 resistance measurement mode
“0”: 1 times (Measurement range: Maximum 750kΩ)
“1”: 4 times (Measurement range: Maximum 187.5kΩ)
IR2_MSRIUP: Resolution selection in IR2 resistance measurement mode
“0”: 1 times (Measurement range: Maximum 450kΩ)
“1”: 4 times (Measurement range: Maximum 112.5kΩ)
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13.3.15. CNTL8: Control8
Address
Name
D7
16h
CNTL8
Reset
1
D6
D5
1
1
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
LEDADJ_4
LEDADJ_3
LEDADJ_2
LEDADJ_1
LEDADJ_0
0
0
0
0
0
LEDADJ [4:0]: LED current adjustment
Table 13.8 LED current adjustment
LEDADJ [4:0]
LED current [mA]
Hex
Decimal
1F
31
121
1E
30
118
⁞
⁞
⁞
19
25
103
18
24
100
17
23
97
⁞
⁞
⁞
01
1
31
00
0
28
13.3.16. CNTL9: Control9
Address
Name
D7
17h
CNTL9
Reset
1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
1
1
1
1
1
1
D0
TST
0
TST:
“0”: Normal mode
“1”: TEST mode
This bit is for analysis. It is not used during normal measurement. Please be sure to set “0”.
13.3.17. CNTL10: Control10
Address
Name
D7
18h
CNTL10
Reset
1
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
1
1
1
1
1
1
D0
SRST
0
SRST: Soft reset
“0”: Normal state
“1”: Reset
All registers are reset by setting SRST bit to “1”. SRST bit automatically returns to “0” after reset is
activated.
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14. Recommended External Circuits
Figure 14.1 Recommended External Circuits
Pull-up resistance of SDA, SCL and INTN should be connected to DVDD. Please refer the I2C bus
specification Ver2.1 and select the suitable resistance value. The resistance value in Figure 14.1 is
reference.
In order to stabilize the operation of AK9723AJ, it is preferable to put a capacitor (0.1~1.0μF) between
AVDD and VSS and another capacitor (0.1~1.0μF) between FVDD and VSS. In addition, the TESTx pin
(x = 1, 2, 3, 4) must be connected to VSS.
Specification can not be guaranteed if each pin is open / short resulting in a state different from the
above configuration.
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[AK9723AJ]
15. Package
15.1. Outline Dimensions
Unit: mm
Figure 15.1 Outline Dimensions
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[AK9723AJ]
15.2. Pad Dimensions
Unit: mm
Figure 15.2 Pad Dimensions
The exposed pad must be electrically disconnected.
Do not connect a land for the exposed pad to land of other pins.
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[AK9723AJ]
15.3. Marking
Y: Year
Mark
Year
0
2020
1
2021
2
2022
3
2023
4
2024
5
2025
6
2026
7
2027
8
2028
9
2019
Mark
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
W W: Week
Week
Mark
1
32
2
33
3
34
4
35
5
36
6
37
7
38
8
39
9
40
10
41
11
42
12
43
13
44
14
45
15
46
16
47
17
48
18
49
19
50
20
51
21
52
22
53
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Week
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
L: Lot
Mark
Lot
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
E
5
F
6
G
7
H
8
J
9
K
10
L
11
M
12
N
13
P
14
Q
15
R
16
T
17
U
18
V
19
W
20
X
21
Y
22
Z
23
1
24
2
25
3
26
4
27
5
28
6
29
7
30
8
31
9
32
16. Ordering Guide
AK9723AJ
-40 ~ 85ºC
16-pin QFN
Industrial Grade
17. Revision History
Date (Y/M/D)
19/3/8
19/8/23
Revision
00
01
Reason
First Edition
Updated
Updated
Updated
Page
Contents
4, 5
7
9
Added
Updated
Updated
Updated
Updated
Updated
10
11
12
13
14
19
Figure and table numbers
ITME [7:0] and MLOOP [3:0] value in Table 10.1
Symbol name of "Bus free time” in Table 10.4
and Table 10.5
Table 10.8 Measurement interval condition
Analog circuit status in Table 11.1
MLOOP [3:0] in Figure 11.2
Text of Section 11.5
Added wait time in Figure 11.4
Text of Section 12.1.6 (1) and (2)
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[AK9723AJ]
Updated
Updated
21/9/8
02
Updated
Updated
Updated
20
Changed the number of bits in ST1 and CNTL1
registers in Table 13.1
23, 24, Section number
25, 26,
27, 28
24
LED forward voltage in Table 13.3
7
Current consumption
30
Outline dimensions
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IMPORTANT NOTICE
0. Asahi Kasei Microdevices Corporation (“AKM”) reserves the right to make changes to the
information contained in this document without notice. When you consider any use or application
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Rev.1
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