ACS750SCA-050

Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 The Allegro ACS75x family of current sensors provides economical and precise solutions for current sensing in industrial, automotive, commercial, and communications systems. The device package allows for easy implementation by the customer. Typical applications include motor control, load detection and management, power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. The device consists of a precision, low-offset linear Hall sensor circuit with a copper conduction path located near the die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which is sensed by the integrated Hall IC and converted into a proportional voltage. Device accuracy is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic signal to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset, chopperstabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy at the factory. The output of the device has a positive slope (>VCC / 2) when an increasing current flows through the primary copper conduction path (from terminal 4 to terminal 5), which is the path used for current sensing. The internal resistance of this conductive path is typically 130 µΩ, providing low power loss. The thickness of the copper conductor allows survival of the device at up to 5× overcurrent conditions. The terminals of the conductive path are electrically isolated from the sensor leads (pins 1 through 3). This allows the ACS75x family of sensors to be used in applications requiring electrical isolation without the use of opto-isolators or other costly isolation techniques. The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory. The ACS75x family is lead-free. All leads are coated with 100% matte tin, and there is no lead inside the package. The heavy gauge leadframe is made of oxygen-free copper. 4 5 1 2 3 Pin 1: VCC Pin 2: Gnd Pin 3: Output Terminal 4: Ip+ Terminal 5: Ip- ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Operating Temperature S ..................................................... –20 to +85ºC L ................................................... –40 to +150ºC Supply Voltage, Vcc........................................... 16 V Reverse Supply Voltage, VRCC ........................ –16 V Output Voltage ................................................... 16 V Reverse Output Voltage, VROUT...................... –0.1 V Output Current Source ..................................... 3 mA Output Current Sink........................................10 mA Maximum Storage Temperature........... –65 to 170°C Maximum Junction Temperature .................... 165°C Features and Benefits • • • • • • • • • • • Monolithic Hall IC for high reliability Single +5 V supply 3 kVRMS isolation voltage between terminals 4/5 and pins 1/2/3 Lead-free Automotive temperature range available End-of-line factory-trimmed for gain and offset Ultra-low power loss: 130 µΩ internal conductor resistance Ratiometric output from supply voltage Extremely stable output offset voltage Small package size, with easy mounting capability Output proportional to ac and dc currents Always order by complete part number: ACS750SCA-050 ACS750LCA-050 Applications TÜV America Certificate Number: U8V 04 11 54214 002 • • • • • Industrial systems Motor control Power conversion Battery monitors Automotive systems ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Functional Block Diagram +5 V IP– Terminal 5 VCC Pin 1 Voltage Regulator To all subcircuits Dynamic Offset Cancellation Amp Filter Out VOUT Pin 3 0.1 µF Gain Temperature Coefficient Trim Control Offset IP+ Terminal 4 GND Pin 2 2 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS, over temperature unless otherwise stated Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Primary Sensed Current IP –50 4.5 Supply Voltage VCC Supply Current ICC VCC = 5.0 V, output open – IOUT = 1.2 mA – Output Resistance ROUT Output Capacitance Load CLOAD VOUT to GND – Output Resistive Load RLOAD VOUT to GND 4.7 IP = ±100A, TA = 25°C – Primary Conductor Resistance RPRIMARY Pins 1-3 and 4-5, 60 Hz, 1 minute 3.0 Isolation Voltage VISO PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -20°C to +85°C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified Propagation time tPROP IP = ±50 A, TA = +25°C – – Response time tRESPONSE IP = ±50 A, TA = +25°C Rise time Frequency Bandwidth tr f IP = ±50 A, TA = +25°C – –3 dB, TA = 25°C – Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C 39 Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP 36 Peak-to-peak, TA = 25°C – Noise VNOISE External filter BW = 24 kHz Nonlinearity ELIN Over full range of IP – Symmetry ESYM Over full range of IP 99 Zero Current Output Voltage VOUT(Q) I = 0 A, TA = 25°C – I = 0 A, TA = 25°C –60 Electrical Offset Voltage VOE (Magnetic error not included) I=0A –75 Magnetic Offset Error IERROM I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A – Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C – Total Output Error ETOT (Including all offsets) Over full range of IP – PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, -40°C to +150°C, VCC = 5 V unless otherwise specified Propagation time tPROP IP = ±50 A – Response time tRESPONSE IP = ±50 A – IP = ±50 A – Rise time tr – Frequency Bandwidth f –3 dB, TA = 25°C Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C 39 Sensitivity Sens Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C 33 Peak-to-peak; TA = +25°C Noise VNOISE – External filter BW = 40 kHz Over full range of IP – Nonlinearity ELIN Symmetry ESYM Over full range of IP 99 Zero Current Output Voltage VOUT(Q) I = 0 A, TA = 25°C – I = 0 A, TA = 25°C –60 Electrical Offset Voltage VOE (Magnetic error not included) I=0A –90 Magnetic Offset Error IERROM I = 0 A, after excursion of 100 A – Over full range of IP , TA = 25°C – Total Output Error ETOT (Including all offsets) Over full range of IP – Typ. – 5.0 7 1 – – 130 – 4 27 26 13 40 – 14 – 102 VCC / 2 – – ±0.3 ±2 – 4 27 26 13 40 – 14 – 102 VCC / 2 – – 0.3 ±2 – Max. 50 5.5 10 2 10 – – – – – – – 42 44 – ±5 105 – 60 75 ±0.8 – ±13 – – – – 42 46 – ±5 105 – 60 90 ±0.8 – ±15 Units A V mA Ω nF kΩ µΩ kV µs µs µs kHz mV/A mV/A mV % % V mV mV A % % µs µs µs kHz mV/A mV/A mV % % V mV mV A % % 3 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Typical Performance Characteristics Supply Current Vcc = 5 V 8 7.8 7.6 Sensitivity (mV/A) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 Sensitivity Vcc = 5 V 7.4 Icc (mA) 7.2 7 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 Temperature (°C) -40 C -20 C 25 C 85 C 150 C 0 -100 -75 -50 -25 25 50 75 100 Primary Current (A) Vout vs Primary Current Vcc = 5 V 5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2 1 0.5 0 -100 -75 -50 -25 0 25 Primary Current (A) 50 75 100 -40 C -20 C 25 C 85 C 150 C Symmetry Vcc = 5 V 100.5 100.4 100.3 100.2 100.1 100 99.9 99.8 99.7 99.6 99.5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Temperature (°C) 100 125 150 Ip = 50 A 2.5 1.5 Symmetry (%) Vout (V) Non-Linearity Vcc = 5 V Non-Linearity Vcc = 5 V 5 4.5 Linearity at -50 Amperes (%) 4 3.5 Linearity at 50 Amperes (%) 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Temperature (°C) Ip = -50 A 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Ip = 50 A -0.5 100 125 150 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Temperature (°C) 100 125 150 4 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Typical Performance Characteristics Magnetic Offset Vcc = 5 V 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Temperature (°C) 100 125 150 I = 0 A, after excursion to 100 A Magnetic Offset (A) 0 Ampere Accuracy Error Vcc = 5 V Without Offset 1 0 Ampere Accuracy (A) 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 Temperature (°C) 100 125 150 5 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Definitions of Accuracy Characteristics Sensitivity (Sens): The change in sensor output in response to a 1 A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G / A) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G). The linear IC amplifier gain is trimmed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mV/A) for the full-scale current of the device. Noise (VNOISE): The product of the linear IC amplifier gain (mV/G) and the noise floor for the Allegro Hall effect linear IC (≈1 G). The noise floor is derived from the thermal and shot noise observed in Hall elements. Dividing the noise (mV) by the sensitivity (mV/ A) provides the smallest current that the device is able to resolve. Linearity (ELIN): The degree to which the voltage output from the sensor varies in direct proportion to the primary current through its full-scale amplitude. Linearity reveals the maximum deviation from the ideal transfer curve for this transducer. Nonlinearity in the output can be attributed to the gain variation across temperature and saturation of the flux concentrator approaching the full-scale current. The following equation is used to derive the linearity: 100 1– {[ ∆ gain × % sat ( Vout_full-scale amperes – VOUT(Q) ) 2 (Vout_half-scale amperes – VOUT(Q) ) [{ where ∆ gain = the gain variation as a function of temperature changes from 25ºC, % sat = the percentage of saturation of the flux concentrator, which becomes significant as the current being sensed approaches full-scale ±IP , and Vout_full-scale amperes = the output voltage (V) when the sensed current approximates full-scale ±IP . Symmetry (ESYM): The degree to which the absolute voltage output from the sensor varies in proportion to either a positive or negative full-scale primary current. The following equation is used to derive symmetry: 100 [ Vout_+full-scale amperes – VOUT(Q) VOUT(Q) – Vout_–full-scale amperes [ Quiescent output voltage (VOUT(Q)): The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at VCC ⁄ 2. Thus, VCC = 5 V translates into VOUT(Q) = 2.5 V. Variation in VOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim, magnetic hysteresis, and thermal drift. Electrical offset voltage (VOE): The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of VCC ⁄ 2 due to nonmagnetic causes. Magnetic offset error (IERROM): The magnetic offset is due to the residual magnetism (remnant field) of the core material. The magnetic offset error is highest when the magnetic circuit has been saturated, usually when the device has been subjected to a full-scale or high-current overload condition. The magnetic offset is largely dependent on the material used as a flux concentrator. The larger magnetic offsets are observed at the lower operating temperatures. Accuracy (ETOT): The accuracy represents the maximum deviation of the actual output from its ideal value. This is also known as the total ouput error. The accuracy is illustrated graphically in the Output Voltage versus Current chart on the following page. Accuracy is divided into four areas: • 0 A at 25°C: Accuracy of sensing zero current flow at 25°C, without the effects of temperature. • 0 A over temperature: Accuracy of sensing zero current flow including temperature effects. • Full-scale current at 25°C: Accuracy of sensing the full-scale current at 25°C, without the effects of temperature. • Full-scale current over ∆ temperature: Accuracy of sensing full-scale current flow including temperature effects. 6 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Output voltage vs. current, illustrating sensor accuracy at 0 A and at full-scale current Increasing VOUT (V) Accuracy Over ∆Temperature Accuracy 25°C Only Average VOUT Accuracy Over ∆Temperature Accuracy 25°C Only –IP (A) –50 A 50 A +IP (A) Full Scale 0A Accuracy 25°C Only Accuracy Over ∆Temperature Decreasing VOUT (V) 7 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Definitions of Dynamic Response Characteristics Propagation delay (tPROP): The time required for the sensor output to reflect a change in the primary current signal. Propagation delay is attributed to inductive loading within the linear IC package, as well as in the inductive loop formed by the primary conductor geometry. Propagation delay can be considered as a fixed time offset and may be compensated. I (%) 90 Primary Current Transducer Output 0 Propagation Time, tPROP t Response time (tRESPONSE): The time interval between a) when the primary current signal reaches 90% of its final value, and b) when the sensor reaches 90% of its output corresponding to the applied current. I (%) 90 Primary Current Transducer Output 0 Response Time, tRESPONSE t Rise time (tr): The time interval between a) when the sensor reaches 10% of its full scale value, and b) when it reaches 90% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the current sensor, in which ƒ(–3 dB) = 0.35 / tr. Both tr and tRESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane and, to varying degrees, in the ferrous flux concentrator within the current sensor package. I (%) 90 Primary Current Transducer Output 10 0 Rise Time, tr t 8 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Standards and Physical Specifications Parameter Flammability (package molding compound) Safety Fire and Electric Shock Creepage distance, current terminals to sensor pins Clearance distance, current terminals to sensor pins Package mass Specification UL recognized to UL 94V-0 UL recognized to EN 50178 UL60950-1:2003 EN60950-1:2001 CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 60950-1:2003 7.25 mm 7.25 mm 4.18 g typical Peak to Peak Noise, applying low-pass filter to ACS750 output Low Pass Filter Break Frequency Typical Peak to Peak Noise Unfiltered 1.4 MHz 24 kHz 22.7 mV 21 mV 7.1 mV Step Response, IPRIMARY = 0 to 30 A ACS750 Output (mV) Applied Step (A) 9 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Device Branding Key (Two alternative styles are used) ACS Allegro Current Sensor 750 Device family number T Operating ambient temperature range code [S or L] ACS750 CA Package type designator TCA050 050 Maximum measurable current YYWWA Manufacturing date code: Calendar year (last two digits) YY Manufacturing date code: Calendar week WW Manufacturing date code: Shift code A ACS Allegro Current Sensor 750 Device family number T Operating ambient temperature range code [S or L] ACS750 CA Package type designator TCA050 L...L 050 Maximum measurable current YYWW L...L Manufacturing lot code YY WW Manufacturing date code: Calendar year (last two digits) Manufacturing date code: Calendar week 10 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 Package CA 11 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000 Current Sensor: ACS750xCA-050 The products described herein are manufactured under one or more of the following U.S. patents: 5,045,920; 5,264,783; 5,442,283; 5,389,889; 5,581,179; 5,517,112; 5,619,137; 5,621,319; 5,650,719; 5,686,894; 5,694,038; 5,729,130; 5,917,320; and other patents pending. Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro products are not authorized for use as critical components in life-support devices or systems without express written approval. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. Copyright © 2004, 2005, AllegroMicrosystems, Inc. 12 ACS75050-DS Rev. 7 115 Northeast Cutoff, Box 15036 Worcester, Massachusetts 01615-0036 (508) 853-5000