PA13 • PA13A
RoHS
Power Operational Amplifier
COMPLIANT
FEATURES
•
•
•
•
•
Low Thermal Resistance — 1.1°C/W
Current Foldover Protection
Excellent Linearity — Class A/B Output
Wide Supply Range — ±10V to ±45V
High Output Current — Up to ±15A Peak
APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
Motor, Valve and Actuator Control
Magnetic Deflection Circuits up to 10A
Power Transducers up to 100 kHz
Temperature Control up to 360W
Programmable Power Supplies up to 90V
Audio Amplifiers up to 120W RMS
DESCRIPTION
The PA13 is a state of the art high voltage, very high output current operational amplifier designed to
drive resistive, inductive and capacitive loads. For optimum linearity, especially at low levels, the output stage
is biased for class A/B operation using a thermistor compensated base-emitter voltage multiplier circuit. The
safe operating area (SOA) can be observed for all operating conditions by selection of user programmable
current limiting resistors. For continuous operation under load, a heatsink of proper rating is recommended.
The PA13 is not recommended for gains below –3 (inverting) or +4 (non-inverting).
This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes thick film (cermet) resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor
chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires
provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The 12-pin power SIP is electrically isolated.
Figure 1: Equivalent Schematic
12
Q2A
11
Q2B
D1
10
9
Q1
Q3
3
4
Q4
Q5
7
8
2
Q6B
Q6A
A1
1
5
6
www.apexanalog.com
C1
© Apex Microtechnology Inc.
All rights reserved
Dec 2019
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
TYPICAL CONNECTION
Figure 2: Typical Connection
RF
+V S
100nF
RI
*
RCL +
+V S
+
V OUT
PA13
-V S
-V S
+CL
OUT
-CL
FO
RCLRL
100nF
*
* Use 10μF per Amp of output current.
PINOUT AND DESCRIPTION TABLE
Figure 3: External Connections
2
Pin Number
Name
Description
1
2
3
-IN
+IN
OUT
4
FO
5, 6
-VS
7, 8
-CL
9, 10
+CL
11, 12
+VS
The inverting input.
The non-inverting input.
The output. Connect this pin to load and to the feedback resistors.
The fold-over current limit. Connect to ground if desired.
See “Current Limiting” section.
The negative supply rail. Pins 5 and 6 are internally connected.
Connect to the sinking current limit resistor. Output current flows into this pin
through RCL-. The output pin and the load are connected to the other side of RCL-.
Pins 7 and 8 are internally connected.
Connect to the sourcing current limit resistor. Output current flows out of this pin
through RCL+. The output pin and the load are connected to the other side of RCL+.
Pins 9 and 10 are internally connected.
The positive supply rail. Pins 11 and 12 are internally connected.
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
SPECIFICATIONS
All Min/Max characteristics and specifications are guaranteed over the Specified Operating Conditions.
Typical performance characteristics and specifications are derived from measurements taken at typical supply voltages and TC = 25°C. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced
product life. Derate power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. Rating applies if the output current alternates
between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60 Hz. Full temperature range specifications are guaranteed but not 100% tested.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter
Max
Units
+VS to -VS
100
V
Output Current, within SOA
IOUT
15
A
Power Dissipation, internal
PD
135
W
Input Voltage, differential
VIN (Diff)
-37
37
V
VCM
-VS
VS
V
260
°C
175
°C
-55
+125
°C
-40
+85
°C
Supply Voltage, total
Input Voltage, common mode
Symbol
Min
Temperature, pin solder, 10s max.
Temperature, junction
Temperature Range, storage
TJ
Operating Temperature Range, case
TC
1
1. The power supply voltage for all tests is ±40, unless otherwise noted as a test condition.
CAUTION
PA13U Rev W
The substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in
excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes
3
PA13 • PA13A
INPUT
Parameter
Offset Voltage, initial
Offset Voltage vs. temperature
Offset Voltage vs. supply
Offset Voltage vs. power
Bias Current, initial
Bias Current vs. temperature
Bias Current vs. supply
Offset Current, initial
Offset Current vs. temperature
Input Impedance, DC
Input Capacitance
Common Mode Voltage Range 1
Common Mode Rejection, DC
Test
Conditions
Full temp range
Full temp range
Full temp range
Full temp range
Full temp range,
VCM = ±VS – 6V
PA13
Min
Typ
±2
±10
±30
±20
±12
±50
±10
±12
±50
200
3
±VS Ŧ 5 ±VS Ŧ 3
74
PA13A
Max
Min
Typ
Max
±4
±40
*
*
±1
*
*
*
±10
*
*
±5
*
*
*
*
*
*
±6
±65
±200
±30
±500
±30
100
±20
*
±10
Units
mV
µV/°C
µV/V
µV/W
nA
pA/°C
pA/V
nA
pA/°C
MΩ
pF
V
dB
1. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS.
GAIN
Parameter
Test
Conditions
1 kΩ load
Full temp range,
Open Loop Gain @ 10 Hz
8 Ω load
Gain Bandwidth Product @ 1 MHz 8 Ω load
Power Bandwidth
8 Ω load
PA13
Min
Open Loop Gain @ 10 Hz
Phase Margin, AV = +4
4
Full temp range,
8 Ω load
Typ
PA13A
Max
Min
110
Typ
Max
Units
*
dB
96
108
*
*
dB
13
4
20
*
*
*
*
MHz
kHz
*
°
20
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
OUTPUT
Parameter
Voltage Swing 1
Voltage Swing 1
Voltage Swing 1
Current, peak
Settling Time to 0.1%
Slew Rate
Capacitive Load
Capacitive Load
Test
Conditions
PA13
Min
PA13 = 10A,
±VS Ŧ 6
PA13A = 15A
IOUT = 5A
±VS Ŧ 5
Full temp range,
±VS Ŧ 5
IOUT = 80mA
10
2V step
2.5
Full temp range,
AV = 4
Full temp range,
AV > 10
Typ
PA13A
Max
2
4
Min
Typ
Max
Units
*
V
*
V
*
V
15
A
µs
V/µs
*
*
*
1.5
*
SOA
*
nF
1. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. Total VS is measured from +VS to –VS.
POWER SUPPLY
Parameter
Voltage
Current, quiescent
PA13
PA13A
Test
Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
Full temp range
±10
±40
25
±45
50
*
*
*
*
*
Units
V
mA
THERMAL
Parameter
Test
Conditions
Resistance, DC, junction to case
TC=-55 to 125°C,
F > 60 Hz
TC=-55 to 125°C
Resistance, junction to air
TC=-55 to 125°C
Temperature Range, case
Meets full range
specs
Resistance, AC, junction to case 1
PA13
Min
PA13A
Typ
Max
0.6
0.9
Min
Max
0.7
*
*
°C/W
1.1
*
*
°C/W
30
-25
Units
Typ
*
+85
*
°C/W
*
°C
1. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60 Hz.
Note: * The specification of PA13A is identical to the specification for PA13 in the applicable column to the
left
PA13U Rev W
5
PA13 • PA13A
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS
Figure 4: Power Derating
Figure 5: Bias Current
2.5
Normalized Bias Current, IB (X)
/ŶƚĞƌŶĂůWŽǁĞƌŝƐƐŝƉĂƟŽŶ͕W;tͿ
140
120
100
80
60
PA13
40
20
20
40
60
80
100
1.9
1.6
1.3
1.0
0.7
0.4
-50
0
0
2.2
120 140
Case Temperature, TC (°C)
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 7: Phase Response
120
0
100
-30
80
-60
Phase, ˇ;ΣͿ
Open Loop Gain, A (dB)
0
Case Temperature, TC (°C)
Figure 6: Small Signal Response
60
40
-90
-120
20
-150
0
-180
-20
-210
1
10
100
1k
10k
0.1M 1M
Frequency, F (Hz)
6
-25
10M
1
10
100
1k
10k
0.1M 1M
10M
&ƌĞƋƵĞŶĐLJ͕&;,njͿ
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
Figure 8: Current Limit
Figure 9: Power Response
17.5
100
Output Voltage, VOUT (VP-P)
15.0
Current Limit, ICL (A)
| +VS | + | –VS | = 100V
68
RCLсϬ͘Ϭϲɏ͕ZFOсь
12.5
10.0
V =
O
0
RCLсϬ͘ϭϴɏ͕ZFO = 0
7.5
5.0
VO = 2
4V
VO = 0
VO = –24V
2.5
0
-50
-25
| +VS | – | –VS | = 80V
46
32
22
| +VS | + | –VS | = 30V
15
10
6.8
0
25
50
75
100
4.6
10k
125
20k
50k
70k
0.1M
Frequency, F (Hz)
Case Temperature, TC (°C)
Figure 10: Common Mode Rejection
Figure 11: Pulse Response
8
120
VIN = ±5V, tr = 100ns
6
100
Output Voltage, VOUT (V)
ŽŵŵŽŶDŽĚĞZĞũĞĐƟŽŶ͕DZ;ĚͿ
30k
80
60
40
4
2
0
-2
-4
20
-6
0
1
10
100
1k
10k
Frequency, F (Hz)
PA13U Rev W
0.1M
1M
-8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Time, t (μs)
7
PA13 • PA13A
Figure 13: Harmonic Distortion
100
3
70
1
50
ŝƐƚŽƌƟŽŶ;йͿ
Input Noise Voltage, VN ;Ŷsͬя,njͿ
Figure 12: Input Noise
40
30
20
AV =10
VS = 37V
RLсϰɏ
0.3
W
0.1
=
PO
0.03
0W
0.01
10
10
100
1k
10k
0.1M
0.003
100
=
PO
300
Figure 14: Quiescent Current
3k
10k
30k
0.1M
Voltage Drop From Supply (V)
6
1.4
Normalized, IQ (X)
1k
Figure 15: Output Voltage Swing
1.6
5°C
1.2
T C = –2
C
T C = 25°
1.0
°C
T C = 85
0.8
°C
T C = 125
0.6
50
60
70
80
90
Total Supply Voltage, VS (V)
8
12
Frequency, F (Hz)
Frequency, F (Hz)
0.4
40
P
W
m
0
10
=4
O
100
5
–VOUT
4
3
+VOUT
2
1
0
3
6
9
12
15
Output Current, IOUT (A)
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA)
The output stage of most power amplifiers has three distinct limitations:
1. The current handling capability of the transistor geometry and the wire bonds.
2. The second breakdown effect which occurs whenever the simultaneous collector current and collectoremitter voltage exceeds specified limits.
3. The junction temperature of the output transistors.
The SOA curves combine the effect of all limits for this Power Op Amp. For a given application, the direction and magnitude of the output current should be calculated or measured and checked against the SOA
curves. This is simple for resistive loads but more complex for reactive and EMF generating loads. However,
the guidelines on the next page may save extensive analytical efforts.
Figure 16: SOA
T
C
6.0
T
TH
4.0
3.0
C
ER
=2
5°C
=8
MA
5°C
L
2.0
ms
0.5 ms
t=
1
N
t=
s
OW
5m
KD
t=
REA
DB
10
ON
SEC
ste
1.0
ys
ad
0.6
e
tat
Output Current From +VS or -VS (A)
15
0.4
10
20
30
40 50
70 90
^ƵƉƉůLJƚŽKƵƚƉƵƚŝīĞƌĞŶƟĂů͕VS-VOUT (V)
PA13U Rev W
9
PA13 • PA13A
1. Capacitive and dynamic* inductive loads up to the following maximum are safe with the current limits set
as specified.
Capacitive Load
Inductive Load
±VS
ICL = 5A
ICL = 10A
ICL = 5A
ICL = 10A
50V
40V
35V
30V
25V
20V
15V
200µF
500µF
2.0mF
7.0mF
25mF
60mF
150mF
125µF
350µF
850µF
2.5mF
10mF
20mF
60mF
5 mH
15 mH
50 mH
150 mH
500 mH
1,000 mH
2,500 mH
2.0 mH
3.0 mH
5.0 mH
10 mH
20 mH
30 mH
50 mH
*If the inductive load is driven near steady state conditions, allowing the output voltage to drop more
than 12.5V below the supply rail with ICL = 10A or 27V below the supply rail with ICL = 5A while the amplifier is
current limiting, the inductor must be capacitively coupled or the current limit must be lowered to meet SOA
criteria.
2. The amplifier can handle any EMF generating or reactive load and short circuits to the supply rail or common if the current limits are set as follows at TC = 25°C:
±VS
Short to ±VS
C, L, or EMF Load
Short to Common
45V
40V
35V
30V
25V
20V
15V
0.43A
0.65A
1.0A
1.7A
2.7A
3.4A
4.5A
3.0A
3.4A
3.9A
4.5A
5.4A
6.7A
9.0A
These simplified limits may be exceeded with further analysis using the operating conditions for a specific
application.
10
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
GENERAL
Please read Application Note 1 “General Operating Considerations” which covers stability, supplies, heat
sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexanalog.com for Apex Microtechnology’s complete Application Notes library, Technical Seminar Workbook, and
Evaluation Kits.
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Figure 17: Typical Application
+73V
0.1μF
47μF
RLIM+
11, 12
2.5VP-P
2
9, 10
PA13
1
5, 6
7, 8
47μF
Ϭ͘Ϯё
3
R LIM -
RD
2k
Ϭ͘Ϯё
0.1μF
CF
50pF
7.8mH
5Ap-p
ϰё
-22V
RF
1k
Yoke Driver: -V = >Ύȴŝ
ȴƚ
RS
Ϭ͘ϱё
,ŝŐŚƵƌƌĞŶƚƐLJŵŵĞƚƌŝĐĂů^ƵƉƉůLJ
POWER RATING
Not all vendors use the same method to rate the power handling capability of a Power Op Amp. Apex
Microtechnology rates the internal dissipation, which is consistent with rating methods used by transistor
manufacturers and gives conservative results. Rating delivered power is highly application dependent and
therefore can be misleading. For example, the 135W internal dissipation rating of the PA13 could be
expressed as an output rating of 260W for audio (sine wave) or as 440W if using a single ended DC load.
Please note that all vendors rate maximum power using an infinite heatsink.
THERMAL STABILITY
Apex Microtechnology has eliminated the tendency of class A/B output stages toward thermal runaway
and thus has vastly increased amplifier reliability. This feature, not found in most other Power Op Amps, was
pioneered by Apex Microtechnology in 1981 using thermistors which assure a negative temperature coefficient in the quiescent current. The reliability benefits of this added circuitry far outweigh the slight increase in
component count.
CURRENT LIMITING
Refer to Application Note 9, “Current Limiting”, for details of both fixed and foldover current limit operation. Beware that current limit should be thought of as a ±20% function initially and varies about 2:1 over the
range of –55°C to 125°C.
For fixed current limit, leave pin 4 open and use equations 1 and 2.
PA13U Rev W
11
PA13 • PA13A
1.
0.65V
R CL = ----------------I CL A
2.
0.65V
I CL A = ------------------R CL
Where:
ICL is the current limit in Amperes.
RCL is the current limit resistor in Ohms.
For certain applications, fold-over current limit adds a slope to the current limit which allows more power
to be delivered to the load without violating the SOA. For maximum fold-over slope, ground pin 4 and use
equations 3 and 4.
3.
0.65V + V OUT 0.014
I CL A = --------------------------------------------------------R CL
4.
Where:
VOUT is the output voltage in Volts.
0.65V + V OUT 0.014
R CL = --------------------------------------------------------I CL A
Most designers start with either equation 1 to set RCL for the desired current at 0V out, or with equation
4 to set RCL at the maximum output voltage. Equation 3 should then be used to plot the resulting fold-over
limits on the SOA graph. If equation 3 results in a negative current limit, fold-over slope must be reduced. This
can happen when the output voltage is the opposite polarity of the supply conducting the current.
In applications where a reduced fold-over slope is desired, this can be achieved by adding a resistor (RFO)
between pin 4 and ground. Use equations 5 and 6 with this new resistor in the circuit.
5.
V OUT 0.14
0.65V + -----------------------------10.14 + R FO
I CL A = --------------------------------------------------R CL
6.
V OUT 0.14
0.65V + -----------------------------10.14 + R FO
R CL = --------------------------------------------------I CL A
Where:
RFO is in kΩ.
12
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
PACKAGE OPTIONS
Part Number
Apex Package Style
Description
PA13
DP
PA13A
DP
PA13EE
EE
12-pin SIP
12-pin SIP
12-pin SIP w/ formed leads
PACKAGE STYLE DP
PA13U Rev W
13
PA13 • PA13A
PACKAGE STYLE EE
14
PA13U Rev W
PA13 • PA13A
NEED TECHNICAL HELP? CONTACT APEX SUPPORT!
For all Apex Microtechnology product questions and inquiries, call toll free 800-546-2739 in North America. For
inquiries via email, please contact apex.support@apexanalog.com. International customers can also request
support by contacting their local Apex Microtechnology Sales Representative. To find the one nearest to you,
go to www.apexanalog.com
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Apex Microtechnology, Inc. has made every effort to insure the accuracy of the content contained in this document. However, the information is
subject to change without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (expressed or implied). Apex Microtechnology reserves the right
to make changes without further notice to any specifications or products mentioned herein to improve reliability. This document is the property of
Apex Microtechnology and by furnishing this information, Apex Microtechnology grants no license, expressed or implied under any patents, mask
work rights, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual property rights. Apex Microtechnology owns the copyrights associated with the
information contained herein and gives consent for copies to be made of the information only for use within your organization with respect to Apex
Microtechnology integrated circuits or other products of Apex Microtechnology. This consent does not extend to other copying such as copying for
general distribution, advertising or promotional purposes, or for creating any work for resale.
APEX MICROTECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED OR WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN PRODUCTS USED FOR LIFE
SUPPORT, AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY, SECURITY DEVICES, OR OTHER CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS ARE UNDERSTOOD TO BE
FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER OR THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
Apex Microtechnology, Apex and Apex Precision Power are trademarks of Apex Microtechnology, Inc. All other corporate names noted herein may be
trademarks of their respective holders.
PA13U Rev W
15
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