PA89A

PA89 • PA89A High Voltage Power Operational Amplifiers RoHS COMPLIANT FEATURES • • • • • • 1140V P-P Signal Output Wide Supply Range — ±75V to ±600V Programmable Current Limit 75 mA Continuous Output Current Hermetically Sealed Package Input Protection APPLICATIONS • • • • Piezoelectric Positioning High Voltage Instrumentation Electrostatic Deflection Semiconductor Testing DESCRIPTION The PA89 is an ultra high voltage, MOSFET operational amplifier designed for output currents up to 75 mA. Output voltages can swing over 1000V p-p. The safe operating area (SOA) has no second breakdown limitations and can be observed with all types of loads by choosing an appropriate current limiting resistor. High accuracy is achieved with a cascode input circuit configuration and 120dB open loop gain. All internal biasing is referenced to a bootstrapped zener-MOSFET current source, giving the PA89 a wide supply range and excellent supply rejection. The MOSFET output stage is biased for class A/B linear operation. External compensation provides user flexibility. The PA89 hermetic seal is 100% tested to the requirements of MIL-STD883 method 1014 for fine and gross leak. This hybrid integrated circuit utilizes a Beryllia (BeO) substrate, thick film resistors, ceramic capacitors and semiconductor chips to maximize reliability, minimize size and give top performance. Ultrasonically bonded aluminum wires provide reliable interconnections at all operating temperatures. The MO-127 High Voltage, Power Dip™ package is hermetically sealed and electrically isolated. The use of compressible thermal washers will void the product warranty. www.apexanalog.com © Apex Microtechnology Inc. All rights reserved Aug 2021 PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC Figure 1: Equivalent Schematic 8 +VS D1 Q3 Q1 Q2 Q19 D57 COMP 9 10 –IN 1 Q22 Q23 Q25A Q25B Q20 Q26 D34 D35 D31 Q45 2 7 +IN 2 Q29 Q36 D30 CL 6 OUT Q42 Q44 D5 –VS 5 PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A TYPICAL CONNECTION Figure 2: Typical Connection * * Note: *Bulk bypass capacitors use 10µF per Amp of output current. PA89U Rev P 3 PA89 • PA89A PINOUT AND DESCRIPTION TABLE Figure 3: External Connections 4 Pin Number Name Description 1 2 5 6 -IN +IN -Vs OUT 7 CL The inverting input. The non-inverting input. The negative supply rail. The output. Connect this pin to load and to the feedback resistors. Connect to the current limit resistor. Output Current flows into/out of these pins through RCL. The output pin and the load are connected to the other side of RCL. 8 +Vs 9 RC 10 CC 3, 4, 11, 12 NC The positive supply rail. Compensation resistor connection. Select value based on Phase Compensation. See applicable section. Compensation capacitor connection. Select value based on Phase Compensation. See applicable section. No connection. PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, CC = 68pF, RC = 220 Ω, and VS = ±500V. Input parameters for bias currents and offset voltage are ± values given. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Max Units +Vs to -Vs 1200 V Output Current, source, within SOA IO 100 mA Power Dissipation, continuous @ Tc = 25°C PD 40 W VIN (Diff) ±25 V Vcm ±VS -50V V 350 °C 150 °C -65 +150 °C -55 +125 °C Supply Voltage, total Input Voltage, differential Input Voltage, common mode Symbol Min Temperature, pin solder, 10s max. Temperature, junction Temperature, storage 1 Operating Temperature Range, case TJ TC 1. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. CAUTION The PA89 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed. The internal substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not break the seal. If accidentally broken, do not crush, machine, or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. PA89U Rev P 5 PA89 • PA89A INPUT Parameter Test Conditions PA89 Min PA89A Typ Max Min Typ Max Units Offset Voltage, initial VS = ±150V 0.5 2 0.25 0.74 mV Offset Voltage vs. temperature Offset Voltage vs. supply Offset Voltage vs. time Full temp range 10 7 75 30 5 * * 10 µV/°C µV/V µV/kh Bias Current, initial 1 Bias Current vs. supply VS = ±150V 5 50 3 15 pA 1 VS = ±150V Offset Current, initial 0.01 5 * 50 3 11 Input Impedance, DC 10 4 Input Capacitance Common Mode Voltage Range 2 Full temp range ±VS-50 Common Mode Rejection, DC Full temp range, VCM = ±90V 96 Input Noise 10 kHz BW, RS = 10 k, CC = 15pF pA/V 30 * Ω * pF * 110 * 4 pA V * dB * µV RMS 1. Doubles for every 10 °C of temperature increase. 2. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative power supply rail respectively. GAIN Parameter Test Conditions PA89 Min Typ 108 120 PA89A Max Max Units Min Typ * * dB Open Loop Gain at 15Hz RL=10 kΩ, CC=15pF Gain Bandwidth Product RL=10 kΩ, CC=15pF, AV=100 10 * MHz Power Bandwidth RL=10 kΩ, CC=15pF, VO = 500V p-p 5 * kHz Phase Margin Full temp range, AV = 10 60 * ° 6 PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A OUTPUT Parameter Test Conditions PA89 Min Typ PA89A Max Min Typ Max Units Voltage Swing 1 IO = 75mA ±VS-45 ±VS-30 * * V Voltage Swing 1 Full temp range, ±VS-20 ±VS-12 IO = 20mA * * V Current, continuous Slew Rate Capacitive Load, Av = 10 Capacitive Load, Av>10 Settling Time to 0.1% Full temp range CC=15pF,AV=100 75 12 Full temp range Full temp range RL = 10 kΩ, 10V step, Av = 10 * 16 * mA * 1 SOA V/µs * * 2 * nF µs 1. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. POWER SUPPLY Parameter Voltage, VS1 PA89 PA89A Test Conditions Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Full temp range ±75 ±500 ±600 * * * V 4.8 6.0 * * mA Current, quiescent Units 1. +VS and –VS denote the positive and negative supply rail respectively. THERMAL Parameter Resistance, AC, junction to case1 Resistance, DC, junction to case Resistance, junction to air Temperature Range, case Test Conditions Full temp range, F > 60 Hz Full temp range, F < 60 Hz Full temp range Meets full range specifications PA89 Min PA89A Typ Max 2.1 3.3 Min Max 2.3 * * °C/W 3.5 * * °C/W 15 -25 Units Typ * +85 * °C/W * °C 1. Rating applies only if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60 Hz. Note: *The specification of PA89A is identical to the specification for PA89 in applicable column to the left. PA89U Rev P 7 PA89 • PA89A TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS Figure 4: Power Derating Figure 5: Quiescent Current 1.10 Normalized Quiescent Current, IQ (X) Output Stage Internal WŽǁĞƌŝƐƐŝƉĂƟŽŶ͕W;tͿ 40 32 24 16 8 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 1.05 1.00 0.95 0.9 150 0 Case Temperature, TC (°C) 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 Total Supply Voltage, VS (V) Figure 6: Small Signal Response Figure 7: Phase Response 0 120 ϭϱƉĨ͕ϮϮϬɏ 80 -90 60 40 ϲϴƉĨ͕ϮϮϬɏ -135 ϲϴƉĨ͕ϮϮϬɏ -180 20 ϭϱƉĨ͕ϮϮϬɏ -225 0 CC, RC CC, RC -20 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M Frequency, F (Hz) 8 ϯϯƉĨ͕ϮϮϬɏ -45 ϯϯƉĨ͕ϮϮϬɏ Phase, ˇ;ΣͿ Open Loop Gain, A (dB) 100 -270 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M Frequency, F (Hz) PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A Figure 8: Output Voltage Swing Figure 9: Power Response 1200 1000 40 800 Output Voltage, VO (VP-P) Voltage Drop from Supply, VS- VO (V) 45 35 30 25 20 15 10 CC = 15pf 600 500 300 CC = 33pf CC = 68pf 5 RCсϮϮϬɏ 100 0 0 25 50 75 1k 100 10k 30k 100k Frequency, F (Hz) Output Current, IO (mA) Figure 10: Slew Rate vs. Comp Figure 11: Harmonic Distortion 20 10 ŝƐƚŽƌƟŽŶ͕d,;й) ^ůĞǁZĂƚĞ͕;sͬʅƐͿ 3k 15 10 1 0.1 VS = ±500V CC = 15pf, RCсϮϮϬɏ RLсϭϭŬɏ AV = 100 VO = 800Vpp VO = 600Vpp 0.01 VO = 400Vpp VO = 100Vpp 5 0 25 50 75 100 džƚ͘ŽŵƉĞŶƐĂƟŽŶĂƉĂĐŝƚŽƌ͕C (pF) PA89U Rev P 0.001 30 100 300 1k 3k 10k 30k 100k Frequency, F (Hz) 9 PA89 • PA89A Figure 12: Input Noise Voltage Figure 13: Common Mode Rejection 100 ŽŵŵŽŶDŽĚĞZĞũĞĐƟŽŶ͕DZ;Ě) Input Noise Voltage, eN;Ŷsͬя,njͿ 20 15 10 7 5 3 2 10 80 60 40 20 0 100 1k 10k 100k 1 10 100 Frequency, F (Hz) 80 80 Current Limit, ILIM(mͿ WŽǁĞƌ^ƵƉƉůLJZĞũĞĐƟŽŶ͕W^Z;ĚͿ 100 20 60 40 20 0 0 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M Frequency, F (Hz) 10 Figure 15: Current Limit 100 40 10k 100k 1M 10M Frequency, F (Hz) Figure 14: Power Supply Rejection 60 1k 0 20 40 60 80 100 Resistor Value, RCL;ɏͿ PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) The safe operating area curves define the maximum additional internal power dissipation the amplifier can tolerate when it produces the necessary output to drive an external load. This is not the same as the absolute maximum internal power dissipation listed elsewhere in the specification since the quiescent power dissipation is significant compared to the total. The MOSFET output stage of this power operational amplifier has two distinct limitations: 1. The current handling capability of the MOSFET geometry and the wire bonds. 2. The junction temperature of the output MOSFETs. Note: The output stage is protected against transient flyback. However, for protection against sustained, high energy flyback, external fast-recovery diodes should be used. Figure 16: SOA KƵƚƉƵƚƵƌƌĞŶƚ&ƌŽŵнVSŽƌͲVS;ŵ) 100 ϭϬŵ^ 25°C 50 ϭϬϬŵ^ 30 125°C 15 85°C 10 5 3 100 T = T^ 200 300 500 1000 ^ƵƉƉůLJƚŽKƵƚƉƵƚŝīĞƌĞŶƟĂů sŽůƚĂŐĞ͕VS ͲVO(V) PA89U Rev P 11 PA89 • PA89A GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 “General Operating Considerations” which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexanalog.com for Apex Microtechnology’s complete Application Notes library, Technical Seminar Workbook, and Evaluation Kits. TYPICAL APPLICATION Ultra-high voltage capability combined with the bridge amplifier configuration makes it possible to develop +/–1000 volt peak swings across a piezo element. A high gain of –50 for A1 insures stability with the capacitive load, while “noise-gain” compensation Rn and Cn on A2 insure the stability of A2 by operating in a noise gain of 50. Figure 17: Typical Application PHASE COMPENSATION Gain CC RC 1 10 15 100 470pF 68pF 33pF 15pF 470 Ω 220 Ω 220 Ω 220 Ω Note: CC must be rated for full supply voltage –Vs to +Vs. See details under “EXTERNAL COMPONENTS”. STABILITY Although the PA89 can be operated at unity gain, maximum slew rate and bandwidth performance was designed to be obtained at gains of 10 or more. Use the small signal response and phase response graphs as a guide. In applications where gains of less than 10 are required, use noise gain compensation to increase the phase margin of the application circuit as illustrated in the typical application drawing. 12 PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A CURRENT LIMIT For proper operation the current limit resistor (RCL) must be connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The minimum value is 3.5 Ω, however for optimum reliability the resistor value should be set as high as possible. The value is calculated as follows with the maximum practical value of 150 Ω. 0.7V R CL    = ------------------I LIM  A  When setting the value for RCL allow for the load current as well as the current in the feedback resistor. Also allow for the temperature coefficient of the current limit which is approximately -0.3% /°C of case temperature rise. EXTERNAL COMPONENTS The very high operating voltages of the PA89 demand consideration of two component specifications rarely of concern in building op amp circuits: voltage rating and voltage coefficient. The compensation capacitance CC must be rated for the full supply voltage range. For example, with supply voltages of ±500V the possible voltage swing across CC is 1000V. In addition, a voltage coefficient less than 100PPM is recommended to maintain the capacitance variation to less than 5% for this example. It is strongly recommended to use the highest quality capacitor possible rated at least twice the total supply voltage range. Of equal importance are the voltage rating and voltage coefficient of the gain setting resistances. Typical voltage ratings of low wattage resistors are 150 to 250V. In the above example 1000V could appear across the feedback resistor. This would require several resistors in series to obtain the proper voltage rating. Low voltage coefficient resistors will insure good gain linearity. The wattage rating of the feedback resistor is also of concern. A 1 Megaohm feedback resistor could easily develop 1 watt of power dissipation. Though high voltage rated resistors can be obtained, a 1 Megaohm feedback resistor comprised of five 200 kΩ, 1/4 watt metal film resistors in series will produce the proper voltage rating, voltage coefficient and wattage rating. POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION Unidirectional zener diode transient absorbers are recommended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated for transient performance including power-on overshoot and power-off polarity reversals as well as line regulation. Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity reversals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and physically as close to the amplifier as possible. CAUTIONS The operating voltages of the PA89 are potentially lethal. During circuit design, develop a functioning circuit at the lowest possible voltages. Clip test leads should be used for “hands off” measurements while troubleshooting. PA89U Rev P 13 PA89 • PA89A PACKAGE DESIGN PACKAGE STYLE DC 14 PA89U Rev P PA89 • PA89A NEED TECHNICAL HELP? CONTACT APEX SUPPORT! For all Apex Microtechnology product questions and inquiries, call toll free 800-546-2739 in North America. For inquiries via email, please contact apex.support@apexanalog.com. International customers can also request support by contacting their local Apex Microtechnology Sales Representative. To find the one nearest to you, go to www.apexanalog.com IMPORTANT NOTICE Apex Microtechnology, Inc. has made every effort to insure the accuracy of the content contained in this document. However, the information is subject to change without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (expressed or implied). Apex Microtechnology reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any specifications or products mentioned herein to improve reliability. This document is the property of Apex Microtechnology and by furnishing this information, Apex Microtechnology grants no license, expressed or implied under any patents, mask work rights, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets or other intellectual property rights. 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