PA95

PA95 High Voltage Power Operational Amplifiers RoHS COMPLIANT FEATURES • • • • High Voltage— 900V (±450V) Low Quiescent Current — 1.6mA Output Current — 100mA Programmable Current Limit APPLICATIONS • • • • High Voltage Instrumentation Programmable Power Supplies Up To ±430V Mass Spectrometers Semiconductor Measurement Equipment DESCRIPTION The PA95 is a high voltage, MOSFET operational amplifier designed as a low cost solution for driving continuous output currents up to 100mA and pulse currents up to 200mA into capacitive loads. The safe operating area (SOA) has no second breakdown limitations and can be observed for all load types by choosing an appropriate current limiting resistor. The MOSFET output stage is biased AB for linear operation. External compensation provides flexibility in choosing bandwidth and slew rate for the application. Apex Microtechnology’s Power SIP uses minimum board space allowing for high density circuit boards. The Power SIP is electrically isolated. Isolating thermal washers (TW13) are recommended to prevent arcing from pins to heatsink. Figure 1: Equivalent Schematic 12 +VS R1A C2 R1B Q1 R3 Q3 Q2 R4 Q4 Q6 Q5 Q5A 1 –IN R9 R11 2 +IN www.apexanalog.com ILIM 8 Q8 R7 Q11 7 OUT R10 R12 Q29 Q21 R19 Q29 –VS 10 6 CC2 4 CC1 Q5B R20 Q14 Q30 R27 © Apex Microtechnology Inc. All rights reserved Aug 2021 PA95U Rev R PA95 TYPICAL CONNECTION Figure 2: Typical Connection RF +VS C10 10μF 100 k C9 100nF CC 10pF RIN +VS + CC 1k PA95 VOUT CC CL -VS RCL RL -VS C8 10μF 2 C7 100nF PA95U Rev R PA95 PINOUT AND DESCRIPTION TABLE Figure 3: External Connections Pin Number Name Description 1 2 -IN +IN 4, 6 CC 7 OUT 8 CL The inverting input. The non-inverting input. Compensation capacitor connection. Select value based on Phase Compensation. See applicable section. The output. Connect this pin to load and to the feedback resistors. Connect to the current limit resistor. Output current flows into/out of this pin through RCL. The output pin and the load are connected to the other side of RCL. 10 12 -Vs +Vs PA95U Rev R The negative supply rail. The positive supply rail. 3 PA95 SPECIFICATIONS Unless otherwise noted: TC = 25°C, DC input specifications are ± value given. Power supply voltage is typical rating. Cc= 4.7pF. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Parameter Max Units +Vs to -Vs 900 V Output Current, source, sink, within SOA IO 200 mA Power Dissipation, continuous @ TC = 25°C PD 30 W Supply Voltage, +VS to -VS Input Voltage, differential Input Voltage, common mode 1 Symbol Min VIN (Diff) -20 20 V Vcm -VS +VS V 260 °C 150 °C -55 125 °C -40 85 °C Temperature, pin solder, 10s max. Temperature, junction 2 Temperature Range, storage TJ Operating Temperature Range, case TC 1. Although supply voltages can range up to ± 450V the input pins cannot swing over this range. The input pins must be at least 30V from either supply rail but not more than 500V from either supply rail. See text for a more complete description of the common mode voltage range. 2. Long term operation at the maximum junction temperature will result in reduced product life. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTTF. CAUTION 4 The PA95 is constructed from MOSFET transistors. ESD handling procedures must be observed. The substrate contains beryllia (BeO). Do not crush, machine or subject to temperatures in excess of 850°C to avoid generating toxic fumes. PA95U Rev R PA95 INPUT Parameter Offset Voltage, initial Offset Voltage vs. temperature Offset Voltage vs. supply Offset Voltage vs. time Bias Current, initial Bias Current vs. supply Offset Current, initial Test Conditions Min Full temp range Input Resistance, DC Input Capacitance Common Mode Voltage Range 1 VS=±250V Common Mode Rejection, DC VCM = ±90V Noise 10 kHz bandwidth, RS = 1 kΩ Typ Max Units 0.5 15 10 75 200 4 50 5 50 25 mV µV/°C µV/V µV/khr pA pA/V pA 2000 500 1011 Ω 4 pF ±VS ∓ 30 80 V 98 dB 2 µV RMS 1. Although supply voltages can range up to ± 450V the input pins cannot swing over this range. The input pins must be at least 30V from either supply rail but not more than 500V from either supply rail. See text for a more complete description of the common mode voltage range. GAIN Parameter Min Typ 94 118 dB Gain Bandwidth Product @ 1 MHz RL = 5 kΩ 10 MHz Power Bandwidth RL = 5 kΩ 20 kHz Phase Margin, A V = 10 Full temp range 60 ° Open Loop @ 15 Hz Test Conditions RL = 5 kΩ Max Units OUTPUT Parameter Voltage Swing Test Conditions IO = 70mA Min Typ ±VS ∓ 24 ±VS ∓ 20 Units V Current, Continuous Slew Rate, A V = 100 CC =4.7pF 30 V/µs Settling Time, to 0.1% Resistance 2V Step no load 1 100 µs Ω PA95U Rev R 100 Max mA 5 PA95 POWER SUPPLY Parameter Test Conditions Voltage 1 Current, quiescent Min Typ Max Units ±50 ±300 ±450 V 1.6 2.2 mA Max Units 2.5 °C/W 4.2 °C/W °C/W °C 1. Derate max supply rating 0.625 V/°C below 25°C case. No derating needed above 25°C case. THERMAL Parameter Resistance, AC, junction to case 1 Resistance, DC, junction to case Resistance, junction to air Temperature Range, case Test Conditions Min Typ Full temp range, F > 60 Hz Full temp range, F < 60 Hz Full temp range 30 -25 +85 1. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60 Hz. 6 PA95U Rev R PA95 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS Figure 4: Power Derating Figure 5: Quiescent Current 1.08 25 Quiescent Current, I (X) /ŶƚĞƌŶĂůWŽǁĞƌŝƐƐŝƉĂƟŽŶ͕W;t) 30 T = TC 20 15 10 T = TA 5 1.04 1.00 0.96 0.92 0.88 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 0 150 600 800 1000 Figure 7: Phase Response 120 -90 100 -135 80 -180 Phase, ˇ;ΣͿ Open Loop Gain, A (dB) Figure 6: Small Signal Response CC = 4.7pF 60 40 CC = 4.7pF -225 -270 -315 20 100 1k 10k 100k Frequency, F (Hz) PA95U Rev R 400 Total Supply Voltage, VS (V) Temperature, T (°C) 0 10 200 1M 10M -360 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M Frequency, F (Hz) 7 PA95 Figure 8: Output Voltage Swing Figure 9: Power Response 1k =1 25 °C C 24 Output Voltage, VO(VP-P) 500 32 T Voltage Drop From Supply, VS- VO (V) 40 °C 5 =8 TC T C= 16 C 25° 55°C TC = – 8 20 40 60 80 200 100 50 10k 4 0 CC = 4.7pF 100 Figure 10: Current Limit Figure 11: Input Noise 20 Input Noise Voltage, VN;Ŷsͬя,njͿ Current Limit, ILIM (mͿ 200 120 100 70 50 30 20 5 10 20 50 Current Limit Resistor, RCL;ɏͿ 8 300k Frequency, F (Hz) Output Current, Io (mA) 10 3 100k 100 150 15 10 7 5 3 2 10 100 1k 10k 1M Frequency, F (Hz) PA95U Rev R PA95 SAFE OPERATING AREA (SOA) Figure 12: Safe Operating Area KƵƚƉƵƚƵƌƌĞŶƚнVS ŽƌͲVS(mA) 250 10 150 0m 20 100 S 0m  S ͕d C = 25  °C ͕d C = 85  °C ͕d C = 12 5° C 50 25 15 10 5 50 WƵůƐĞƵƌǀĞƐΛ ϭϬйƵƚLJLJĐůĞDĂdž 100 200 500 1k ^ƵƉƉůLJƚŽKƵƚƉƵƚŝīĞƌĞŶƟĂů͕VS- VO (V) PA95U Rev R 9 PA95 GENERAL Please read Application Note 1 “General Operating Considerations” which covers stability, supplies, heat sinking, mounting, current limit, SOA interpretation, and specification interpretation. Visit www.apexanalog.com for Apex Microtechnology’s complete Application Notes library, Technical Seminar Workbook, and Evaluation Kits. TYPICAL APPLICATION Piezo positioning may be applied to the focusing of segmented mirror systems. The composite mirror may be composed of hundreds of elements, each requiring focusing under computer control. In such complex systems the PA95 reduces the costs of power supplies and cooling with its advantages of low cost and low quiescent power consumption while increasing circuit density with the SIP. Figure 13: Typical Application PHASE COMPENSATION Gain CC ≥100 4.7pF Note:CC rated for full supply voltage CURRENT LIMIT For proper operation, the current limit resistor (RCL) must be connected as shown in the external connection diagram. The minimum value is 3.5 ohm, however for optimum reliability the resistor value should be set as high as possible. The value is calculated as follows; with the maximum practical value of 150 ohms. 0.7V R CL    = ------------------I LIM  A  COMMON MODE INPUT RANGE Operational amplifiers are usually designed to have a common mode input voltage range that approximates the power supply voltage range. However, to keep the cost as low as possible and still meet the requirements of most applications the common mode input voltage range of the PA95 is restricted. The input 10 PA95U Rev R PA95 pins must always be a least 30V from either supply voltage but never more than 500V. This means that the PA95 cannot be used in applications where the supply voltages are extremely unbalanced. For example, supply voltages of +800V and –100V would not be allowed in an application where the non-inverting pin is grounded because in normal operation both input pins would be at 0V and the difference voltage between the positive supply and the input pins would be 800V. In this kind of application, however, supply voltages +500V and -100V does meet the input common mode voltage range requirements since the maximum difference voltage between the inputs pins and the supply voltage is 500V (the maximum allowed). The output has no such restrictions on its voltage swing. The output can swing within 24V of either supply voltage regardless of value so long as the total supply voltage does not exceed 900V. INPUT PROTECTION Although the PA95 can withstand differential input voltages up to ±20V, additional external protection is recommended. In most applications 1N4148 or 1N914 signal diodes are sufficient (D1, D2 in Figure 14A). In more demanding applications where low leakage or low capacitance are of concern 2N4416 or 2N54572N5459 JFETs connected as diodes will be required (Q1, Q2 in Figure 14B). In either case the input differential voltage will be clamped to ±0.7V. This is sufficient overdrive to produce maximum power bandwidth. Note that this protection does not automatically protect the amplifier from excessive common mode input voltages. Figure 14: Overvoltage Protection PA95U Rev R 11 PA95 POWER SUPPLY PROTECTION Unidirectional zener diode transient suppressors are recommended as protection on the supply pins. The zeners clamp transients to voltages within the power supply rating and also clamp power supply reversals to ground. Whether the zeners are used or not, the system power supply should be evaluated for transient performance including power-on overshoot and power-off polarity reversal as well as line regulation. Conditions which can cause open circuits or polarity reversals on either power supply rail should be avoided or protected against. Reversals or opens on the negative supply rail is known to induce input stage failure. Unidirectional transzorbs prevent this, and it is desirable that they be both electrically and physically as close to the amplifier as possible. STABILITY The PA95 is stable at gains of 10 or more with a NPO (COG) compensation capacitor of 4.7pF. The compensation capacitor, Cc, in the external connections diagram must be rated at 1000V working voltage and mounted closely to pins 4 and 6 to prevent spurious oscillation. A compensation capacitor less than 4.7pF is not recommended. EXTERNAL COMPONENTS Of great importance are the voltage rating and voltage coefficient of the gain setting feedback resistor. Typical voltage ratings of low wattage resistors are 150 to 250V. Up to 500 V can appear across the feedback resistor. High voltage rated resistors can be obtained. However a 1 MΩ feedback resistor composed of five 200k resistors in series will produce the proper voltage rating. CAUTIONS The operating voltages of the PA95 are potentially lethal. During circuit design develop a functioning circuit at the lowest possible voltages. Clip test leads should be used for “hands off” measurements while troubleshooting. 12 PA95U Rev R PA95 PACKAGE OPTIONS Part Number Apex Package Style Description PA95 PA95EC PA95RC DQ EC RC 8-Pin SIP 8-Pin SIP w/ formed leads 8-Pin SIP w/ formed leads PACKAGE STYLE DQ PA95U Rev R 13 PA95 PACKAGE STYLE EC 14 PA95U Rev R PA95 PACKAGE STYLE RC .955±.020 [24.24±0.5] .728 [18.49] MAX. .86 [21.8] .475 [12.07] .152±.015 [3.86±0.38] .019±.002 [0.48±0.05] .100 [2.54] SEE DETAIL A .06±.010 [1.6±0.25] .030 [0.76] MIN. DETAIL A SCALE 4.000 .088 [2.24] .071 [1.8] .017 [0.43] 90.0°±5.0° NOTES: 1. Dimensions are in inches & [mm]. 2. Triangle on lid denotes Pin 1. ϯ͘WŝŶƐ͗ůůŽLJϱϭϬƉŚŽƐƉŚŽƌďƌŽŶnjĞƉůĂƚĞĚǁŝƚŚŵĂƩĞƟŶ;ϭϱϬͲϯϬϬŵŝĐƌŽŝŶĐŚĞƐͿŽǀĞƌŶŝĐŬĞů;ϱϬŵŝĐƌŽŝŶĐŚĞƐ ŵĂdž͘ͿƵŶĚĞƌƉůĂƚĞ͘ ϰ͘WĂĐŬĂŐĞ͗sĞĐƚƌĂůŝƋƵŝĚĐƌLJƐƚĂůƉŽůLJŵĞƌ;ďůĂĐŬͿ͕ďĞƌLJůůŝƵŵŽdžŝĚĞƐƵďƐƚƌĂƚĞ͕ĂŶĚŶŝĐŬĞůƉůĂƚĞĚ͘Z͘^ŚĞĂĚĞƌ͘ ϱ͘ƉŽdžLJͲƐĞĂůĞĚĂŶĚƵůƚƌĂƐŽŶŝĐĂůůLJǁĞůĚĞĚŶŽŶͲŚĞƌŵĞƟĐƉĂĐŬĂŐĞ͘ ϲ͘WĂĐŬĂŐĞǁĞŝŐŚƚ͗͘ϯϳŽnj΀ϭϭ͘ϰŐ΁ PA95U Rev R 15 PA95 NEED TECHNICAL HELP? CONTACT APEX SUPPORT! For all Apex Microtechnology product questions and inquiries, call toll free 800-546-2739 in North America. For inquiries via email, please contact apex.support@apexanalog.com. International customers can also request support by contacting their local Apex Microtechnology Sales Representative. To find the one nearest to you, go to www.apexanalog.com IMPORTANT NOTICE Apex Microtechnology, Inc. has made every effort to insure the accuracy of the content contained in this document. However, the information is subject to change without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (expressed or implied). Apex Microtechnology reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any specifications or products mentioned herein to improve reliability. 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PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS ARE UNDERSTOOD TO BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER OR THE CUSTOMER’S RISK. Apex Microtechnology, Apex and Apex Precision Power are trademarks of Apex Microtechnology, Inc. All other corporate names noted herein may be trademarks of their respective holders. 16 PA95U Rev R