HCNR200 and HCNR201
High-Linearity Analog Optocouplers
Data Sheet
Lead (Pb) Free
RoHS 6 fully
compliant
RoHS 6 fully compliant options available;
-xxxE denotes a lead-free product
Description
Features
The HCNR200/201 high-linearity analog optocoupler
consists of a high-performance AlGaAs LED that illumi‑
nates two closely matched photodiodes. The input pho‑
todiode can be used to monitor, and therefore stabilize,
the light output of the LED. As a result, the non-linearity
and drift characteristics of the LED can be virtually elimi‑
nated. The output photodiode produces a photocurrent
that is linearly related to the light output of the LED. The
close matching of the photo-diodes and advanced de‑
sign of the package ensure the high linearity and stable
gain characteristics of the optocoupler.
• Low nonlinearity: 0.01%
• K3 (IPD2/IPD1) transfer gain
HCNR200: ±15%
HCNR201: ±5%
• Low gain temperature coefficient: ‑65 ppm/°C
• Wide bandwidth – DC to >1 MHz
• Worldwide safety approval
– UL 1577 recognized (5 kV rms/1 min rating)
– CSA approved
– IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 approved
VIORM = 1414 V peak (option #050)
• Surface mount option available (Option #300)
• 8-Pin DIP package - 0.400” spacing
• Allows flexible circuit design
The HCNR200/201 can be used to isolate analog signals
in a wide variety of applications that require good stabil‑
ity, linearity, bandwidth and low cost. The HCNR200/201
is very flexible and, by appropriate design of the appli‑
cation circuit, is capable of operating in many different
modes, including: unipolar/bipolar, ac/dc and inverting/
non-inverting. The HCNR200/201 is an excellent solution
for many analog isolation problems.
Schematic
LED CATHODE
1
8
-
NC
VF
LED ANODE
PD1 CATHODE
PD1 ANODE
+
IF
2
7
3
6
IPD1
4
I PD2
5
NC
Applications
• Low cost analog isolation
• Telecom: Modem, PBX
• Industrial process control:
Transducer isolator
Isolator for thermocouples 4 mA to 20 mA loop isola‑
tion
• SMPS feedback loop, SMPS feedforward
• Monitor motor supply voltage
• Medical
PD2 CATHODE
PD2 ANODE
CAUTION: It is advised that normal static precautions be taken in handling and assembly
of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD.
Ordering Information
HCNR200/HCNR201 is UL Recognized with 5000 Vrms for 1 minute per UL1577.
Option
IEC/EN/DIN EN
Part
RoHS
non RoHS
Surface Gull
Tape
UL 5000 Vrms/ 60747-5-2
Number Compliant Compliant Package
Mount
Wing & Reel 1 Minute rating VIORM = 1414 Vpeak Quantity
-000E
no option
400 mil
X
42 per tube
-300E
#300
Widebody
X
X
X
42 per tube
HCNR200 -500E
#500
DIP-8
X
X
X
750 per reel
HCNR201 -050E
#050
X
X
42 per tube
-350E
#350
X
X
X
X
42 per tube
-550E
#550
X
X
X
X
750 per reel
X
X
To order, choose a part number from the part number column and combine with the desired option from the option
column to form an order entry.
Example 1:
HCNR200-550E to order product of Gull Wing Surface Mount package in Tape and Reel packaging with IEC/EN/
DIN EN 60747-5-2 VIORM = 1414 Vpeak Safety Approval and UL 5000 Vrms for 1 minute rating and RoHS compliant.
Example 2:
HCNR201 to order product of 8-Pin Widebody DIP package in Tube packaging with UL 5000 Vrms for 1 minute rating
and non RoHS compliant.
Option datasheets are available. Contact your Avago sales representative or authorized distributor for information.
Remarks: The notation ‘#XXX’ is used for existing products, while (new) products launched since July 15, 2001 and
RoHS compliant will use ‘–XXXE.’
2
Package Outline Drawings
0.20 (0.008)
0.30 (0.012)
11.30 (0.445)
MAX.
8
7
6
5
MARKING
A
HCNR200
yyww
EEE
*
PIN
ONE
1
2
3
LOT ID
9.00
(0.354)
TYP.
10.16
(0.400)
TYP.
11.00
(0.433)
MAX.
0°
15°
4
1.50
(0.059)
MAX.
1
5.10 (0.201) MAX.
LED
2
3
1.70 (0.067)
1.80 (0.071)
3.10 (0.122)
3.90 (0.154)
0.40 (0.016)
0.56 (0.022)
2.54 (0.100) TYP.
4
8
NC
7
K2
K1
0.51 (0.021) MIN.
NC
6
PD1
PD2
5
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS AND (INCHES).
MARKING :
yy
- Year
ww
- Work Week
Marked with black dot - Designates Lead Free option E
XXX = 050 ONLY if option #050,#350,#550 (or -050,-350,-550)
ordered (otherwise blank)
*
- Designates pin 1
NOTE: FLOATING LEAD PROTRUSION IS 0.25 mm (10 mils) MAX.
Figure 1a. 8 PIN DIP
3
Gull Wing Surface Mount Option #300
11.15 ± 0.15
(0.442 ± 0.006)
8
7
6
LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION
5
9.00 ± 0.15
(0.354 ± 0.006)
1
2
3
13.56
(0.534)
4
1.3
(0.051)
2.29
(0.09)
12.30 ± 0.30
(0.484 ± 0.012)
1.55
(0.061)
MAX.
11.00 MAX.
(0.433)
4.00 MAX.
(0.158)
1.78 ± 0.15
(0.070 ± 0.006)
2.54
(0.100)
BSC
0.75 ± 0.25
(0.030 ± 0.010)
DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES).
LEAD COPLANARITY = 0.10 mm (0.004 INCHES).
NOTE: FLOATING LEAD PROTRUSION IS 0.25 mm (10 mils) MAX.
Figure 1b. 8 PIN Gull Wing Surface Mount Option #300
4
1.00 ± 0.15
(0.039 ± 0.006)
+ 0.076
0.254 - 0.0051
+ 0.003)
(0.010 - 0.002)
7° NOM.
Solder Reflow Temperature Profile
300
PREHEATING RATE 3 °C + 1 °C/–0.5 °C/SEC.
REFLOW HEATING RATE 2.5 °C ± 0.5 °C/SEC.
200
PEAK
TEMP.
245 °C
PEAK
TEMP.
240 °C
TEMPERATURE (°C)
2.5 C ± 0.5 °C/SEC.
30
SEC.
160 °C
150 °C
140 °C
PEAK
TEMP.
230 °C
SOLDERING
TIME
200 °C
30
SEC.
3 °C + 1 °C/–0.5 °C
100
PREHEATING TIME
150 °C, 90 + 30 SEC.
50 SEC.
TIGHT
TYPICAL
LOOSE
ROOM
TEMPERATURE
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
TIME (SECONDS)
NOTE: NON-HALIDE FLUX SHOULD BE USED.
Recommended Pb-Free IR Profile
TIME WITHIN 5 °C of ACTUAL PEAK TEMPERATURE
tp
Tp
TEMPERATURE
TL
Tsmax
* 245 +0/-5 °C
15 SEC.
217 °C
150 - 200 °C
RAMP-UP
3 °C/SEC. MAX.
RAMP-DOWN
6 °C/SEC. MAX.
Tsmin
ts
PREHEAT
60 to 180 SEC.
25
tL
60 to 150 SEC.
NOTES:
THE TIME FROM 25 °C to PEAK
TEMPERATURE = 8 MINUTES MAX.
Tsmax = 200 °C, Tsmin = 150 °C
NOTE: NON-HALIDE FLUX SHOULD BE USED.
t 25 °C to PEAK
TIME
Regulatory Information
The HCNR200/201 optocoupler features a 0.400” wide, eight pin DIP package. This package was specifically designed
to meet worldwide regulatory requirements. The HCNR200/201 has been approved by the following organizations:
UL
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2
Recognized under UL 1577, Component Recognition
Program, FILE E55361
Approved under
IEC 60747-5-2:1997 + A1:2002
EN 60747-5-2:2001 + A1:2002
DIN EN 60747-5-2 (VDE 0884 Teil 2):2003-01
(Option 050 only)
CSA
Approved under CSA Component Acceptance Notice
#5, File CA 88324
5
Insulation and Safety Related Specifications
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Units Conditions
Min. External Clearance
L(IO1)
9.6
mm
(External Air Gap)
Measured from input terminals to output
terminals, shortest distance through air
Min. External Creepage
L(IO2)
10.0
mm
(External Tracking Path)
Measured from input terminals to output
terminals, shortest distance path along body
Min. Internal Clearance
1.0
mm
(Internal Plastic Gap)
Through insulation distance conductor to
conductor, usually the direct distance
between the photoemitter and photodetector
inside the optocoupler cavity
Min. Internal Creepage
4.0
mm
(Internal Tracking Path)
The shortest distance around the border
between two different insulating materials
measured between the emitter and detector
Comparative Tracking Index
DIN IEC 112/VDE 0303 PART 1
CTI
Isolation Group
200
V
IIIa
Material group (DIN VDE 0110)
Option 300 – surface mount classification is Class A in accordance with CECC 00802.
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Insulation Characteristics (Option #050 Only)
Description
Symbol
Characteristic
Installation classification per DIN VDE 0110/1.89, Table 1
For rated mains voltage ≤600 V rms
For rated mains voltage ≤1000 V rms
Unit
I-IV
I-III
Climatic Classification (DIN IEC 68 part 1)
55/100/21
Pollution Degree (DIN VDE 0110 Part 1/1.89)
2
Maximum Working Insulation Voltage
VIORM
1414 V peak
Input to Output Test Voltage, Method b*
VPR = 1.875 x VIORM, 100% Production Test with
tm = 1 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC
VPR
2651 V peak
Input to Output Test Voltage, Method a*
VPR = 1.5 x VIORM, Type and sample test, tm = 60 sec,
Partial Discharge < 5 pC
VPR
2121 V peak
VIOTM
8000 V peak
Highest Allowable Overvoltage*
(Transient Overvoltage, tini = 10 sec)
Safety-Limiting Values
(Maximum values allowed in the event of a failure,
also see Figure 11)
Case Temperature
Current (Input Current IF, PS = 0)
Output Power
Insulation Resistance at TS, VIO = 500 V
TS 150 °C
IS 400 mA
PS,OUTPUT 700 mW
RS >109
Ω
*Refer to the front of the Optocoupler section of the current catalog for a more detailed description of IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 and other prod‑
uct safety regulations.
Note: Optocouplers providing safe electrical separation per IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 do so only within the safety-limiting values to which they
are qualified. Protective cut-out switches must be used to ensure that the safety limits are not exceeded.
6
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Storage Temperature...............................................................................................-55°C to +125°C
Operating Temperature (TA).................................................................................. -55°C to +100°C
Junction Temperature (TJ).......................................................................................................... 125°C
Reflow Temperature Profile...............................................See Package Outline Drawings Section
Lead Solder Temperature.............................................................................................260°C for 10s
(up to seating plane)
Average Input Current - IF ......................................................................................................... 25 mA
Peak Input Current - IF ................................................................................................................ 40 mA
(50 ns maximum pulse width)
Reverse Input Voltage - VR .............................................................................................................2.5 V
(IR = 100 µA, Pin 1-2)
Input Power Dissipation..................................................................................... 60 mW @ TA = 85°C
(Derate at 2.2 mW/°C for operating temperatures above 85°C)
Reverse Output Photodiode Voltage.........................................................................................30 V
(Pin 6-5)
Reverse Input Photodiode Voltage.............................................................................................30 V
(Pin 3-4)
Recommended Operating Conditions
Storage Temperature..................................................................................................-40°C to +85°C
Operating Temperature.............................................................................................-40°C to +85°C
Average Input Current - IF ................................................................................................... 1 - 20 mA
Peak Input Current - IF ................................................................................................................ 35 mA
(50% duty cycle, 1 ms pulse width)
Reverse Output Photodiode Voltage...................................................................................0 - 15 V
(Pin 6-5)
Reverse Input Photodiode Voltage.......................................................................................0 - 15 V
(Pin 3-4)
7
Electrical Specifications
TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Parameter
Symbol
Device
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
Test Conditions
Fig.
Note
Transfer Gain
K3
HCNR200
0.85
1.00 1.15
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
2,3
1
HCNR201
0.95
1.00 1.05
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
1
HCNR201 0.93 1.00 1.07 -40°C < TA < 85°C,
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
1
Temperature
∆K3 /∆TA
-65
ppm/°C -40°C < TA < 85°C,
2,3
Coefficient of
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
Transfer Gain
0 V < VPD < 15 V
DC NonLinearity
NLBF
HCNR200
0.01 0.25
%
(Best Fit)
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
4,5,
6
HCNR201
0.01 0.05
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
2
HCNR201 0.01
0.07 -40°C < TA < 85°C,
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
2
DC Nonlinearity
NLEF
0.016
(Ends Fit)
%
3
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
Input Photo-
K1 HCNR200 0.25 0.50 0.75 % IF = 10 mA,
diode Current
0 V < VPD1 < 15 V
Transfer Ratio
HCNR201 0.36 0.48 0.72
(IPD1/IF)
7
Temperature
∆K1/∆TA -0.3
%/°C -40°C < TA < 85°C,
Coefficient
IF = 10 mA
of K1
0 V < VPD1 < 15 V
7
Photodiode
Leakage Current
8
Photodiode
Reverse Break down Voltage
Photodiode
Capacitance
ILK 0.5 25 nA IF = 0 mA,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
BVRPD
30
150
V
IR = 100 µA
CPD 22 pF VPD = 0 V
LED Forward
VF
1.3 1.6 1.85 V IF = 10 mA
Voltage
1.2
1.6 1.95
IF = 10 mA,
-40°C < TA < 85°C
LED Reverse
Breakdown
Voltage
Temperature
Coefficient of
Forward Voltage
BVR
2.5 9
V IF = 100 µA
∆VF /∆TA -1.7 mV/°C IF = 10 mA
LED Junction
CLED
80
pF
Capacitance
8
f = 1 MHz,
VF = 0 V
9,
10
2
AC Electrical Specifications
TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Test
Parameter
Symbol
Device
Min. Typ. Max. Units
Conditions
LED Bandwidth
f -3dB
9
MHz
Application Circuit Bandwidth:
High Speed
High Precision
1.5
10
Application Circuit: IMRR
High Speed
95
Note
IF = 10 mA
MHz
kHz
dB
Fig.
freq = 60 Hz
16
17
16
6
6
6, 7
Package Characteristics
TA = 25°C unless otherwise specified.
Test
Parameter
Symbol
Device
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units Conditions
Input-Output
VISO
5000
V rms
Momentary-Withstand
Voltage*
Resistance
(Input-Output)
RI-O 1012 1013
Fig.
RH ≤50%,
t = 1 min.
Note
4, 5
Ω VO = 500 VDC
4
1011 TA = 100°C,
VIO = 500 VDC
4
Capacitance
(Input-Output)
4
CI-O
0.4
0.6
pF
f = 1 MHz
*The Input-Output Momentary Withstand Voltage is a dielectric voltage rating that should not be interpreted as an input-output continuous
voltage rating. For the continuous voltage rating refer to the VDE 0884 Insulation Characteristics Table (if applicable), your equipment level safety
specification, or Application Note 1074, “Optocoupler Input-Output Endurance Voltage.”
Notes:
1. K3 is calculated from the slope of the best fit line of IPD2 vs. IPD1 with eleven equally distributed data points from 5 nA to 50 µA. This is approxi‑
mately equal to IPD2/IPD1 at IF = 10 mA.
2. BEST FIT DC NONLINEARITY (NLBF) is the maximum deviation expressed as a percentage of the full scale output of a “best fit” straight line from
a graph of IPD2 vs. IPD1 with eleven equally distributed data points from 5 nA to 50 µA. IPD2 error to best fit line is the deviation below and above
the best fit line, expressed as a percentage of the full scale output.
3. ENDS FIT DC NONLINEARITY (NLEF) is the maximum deviation expressed as a percentage of full scale output of a straight line from the 5 nA to
the 50 µA data point on the graph of IPD2 vs. IPD1.
4. Device considered a two-terminal device: Pins 1, 2, 3, and 4 shorted together and pins 5, 6, 7, and 8 shorted together.
5. In accordance with UL 1577, each optocoupler is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage of ≥6000 V rms for ≥1 second (leakage
detection current limit, II-O of 5 µA max.). This test is performed before the 100% production test for partial discharge (method b) shown in the
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Insulation Characteris-tics Table (for Option #050 only).
6. Specific performance will depend on circuit topology and components.
7. IMRR is defined as the ratio of the signal gain (with signal applied to VIN of Figure 16) to the isolation mode gain (with VIN connected to input
common and the signal applied between the input and output commons) at 60 Hz, expressed in dB.
9
1.04
1.02
1.00
0.98
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
0.005
0.0
-0.005
-0.01
= DELTA K3 MEAN
= DELTA K3 MEAN ± 2 • STD DEV
-0.015
-0.02
-55
60.0
-25
5
Figure 2. Normalized K3 vs. input IPD.
0.02
0.015
0.01
0 V < VPD < 15 V
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA
-25
5
35
65
95
125
DELTA NLBF – DRIFT OF BEST-FIT NL – % PTS
NLBF – BEST-FIT NON-LINEARITY – %
0.025
0.00
-55
0.01
0.005
0.0
-0.005
-0.01
-0.015
-0.02
-55
= DELTA NLBF MEAN
= DELTA NLBF MEAN ± 2 • STD DEV
-25
5
65
95
125
TA = 25 °C, 0 V < VPD < 15 V
-0.03
0.0
10.0
20.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
65
95
Figure 8. Typical photodiode leakage vs.
temperature.
CNR200 fig 8
125
50.0
60.0
1.2
-55°C
1.1
-40°C
1.0
25°C
0.9
85°C
100°C
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
NORMALIZED TO K1 CTR
AT IF = 10 mA, TA = 25°C
0 V < VPD1 < 15 V
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0
HCNR200 fig 7
1.8
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
1.20
40.0
Figure 7. Input photodiode CTR vs. LED input
current.
TA = 25°C
8.0
30.0
IF – LED INPUT CURRENT – mA
100
VPD = 15 V
IF – FORWARD CURRENT – mA
ILK – PHOTODIODE LEAKAGE – nA
35
HCNR200 fig 6
TA – TEMPERATURE – °C
10
-0.02
HCNR200 fig 4
Figure 6. NLBF drift vs. temperature.
10.0
35
-0.01
Figure 4. IPD2 error vs. input IPD (see note 4).
0 V < VPD < 15 V
5 nA < IPD < 50 µA
HCNR200 fig 5
5
0.00
TA – TEMPERATURE – °C
Figure 5. NLBF vs. temperature.
-25
0.01
IPD1 – INPUT PHOTODIODE CURRENT – µA
0.02
0.015
TA – TEMPERATURE – °C
0.0
-55
125
= ERROR MEAN
= ERROR MEAN ± 2 • STD DEV
0.02
HCNR200 fig 3
= NLBF 50TH PERCENTILE
= NLBF 90TH PERCENTILE
0.005
95
Figure 3. K3 drift vs. temperature.
HCNR200 fig 2
0.03
65
0.03
TA – TEMPERATURE – °C
IPD1 – INPUT PHOTODIODE CURRENT – µA
0.035
35
NORMALIZED K1 – INPUT PHOTODIODE CTR
0.94
0.0
NORMALIZED TO BEST-FIT K3 AT TA = 25°C,
0 V < VPD < 15 V
0 V < VPD < 15 V
0.01
VF – LED FORWARD VOLTAGE – V
0.96
0.015
IPD2 ERROR FROM BEST-FIT LINE (% OF FS)
0.02
= NORM K3 MEAN
= NORM K3 MEAN ± 2 • STD DEV
DELTA K3 – DRIFT OF K3 TRANSFER GAIN
NORMALIZED K3 – TRANSFER GAIN
1.06
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
VF – FORWARD VOLTAGE – VOLTS
Figure 9. LED input current vs. forward voltage.
CNR200 fig 9
IF = 10 mA
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
-55
-25
5
35
65
95
125
TA – TEMPERATURE – °C
Figure 10. LED forward voltage vs. temperature.
HCNR200 fig 10
1000
PS OUTPUT POWER – mV
IS INPUT CURRENT – mA
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
TS – CASE TEMPERATURE – °C
Figure 11. Thermal derating curve dependence of safety limiting value
with case temperature per IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2.
CNR200 fig 11
R2
VIN
R1
IPD1
PD1
+
A1
LED
IPD2
A2
+
PD2
VOUT
IF
A) BASIC TOPOLOGY
VCC
VIN
C1
R1
-
A1
+
PD1
R2
C2
LED
R3
PD2
PD2
A2
+
VOUT
B) PRACTICAL CIRCUIT
Figure 12. Basic isolation amplifier.
CNR200 fig 12
VCC
VIN
-
-
+
+
A) POSITIVE INPUT
VOUT
B) POSITIVE OUTPUT
VIN
-
-
+
+
C) NEGATIVE INPUT
D) NEGATIVE OUTPUT
Figure 13. Unipolar circuit topologies.
CNR200 fig 13
11
VOUT
VCC1
VCC2
VCC1
IOS1
IOS2
VIN
-
-
+
+
VOUT
A) SINGLE OPTOCOUPLER
VCC
+
VIN
VOUT
+
+
B) DUAL OPTOCOUPLER
Figure 14. Bipolar circuit topologies.
CNR200 fig 14
R2
+IIN
R1
D1
-
VOUT
PD2
PD1
+
+
LED
R3
-IIN
A) RECEIVER
VCC
VIN
R1
LED
+IOUT
R2
PD1
+
D1
Q1
+
PD2
R3
B) TRANSMITTER
Figure 15. Loop-powered 4-20 mA current loop circuits.
CNR200 fig 15
12
-IOUT
VCC2 +5 V
VCC1 +5 V
LED
R3
10 K
VIN
R5
10 K
R2
68 K
R7
470
VOUT
Q2
2N3904
R1
68 K
Q1
2N3906
Q4
2N3904
Q3
2N3906
R4
10
PD1
R6
10
PD2
Figure 16. High-speed low-cost analog isolator.
VCC1 +15 V
VCC2 +15 V
CNR200 fig 16
C3
0.1µ
C5
0.1µ
R4
2.2 K
R5
270
Q1
2N3906
INPUT
BNC
R6
6.8 K
C1
47 P
R1
200 K
1%
C2
33 P
7
C4
0.1µ
6
LT1097
50 K
- 2
A2 3
+
4
PD2
C6
0.1µ
R3
33 K
VEE1 -15 V
R2
1%
7
2 6
3 A1
LT1097
+
4
PD1
174 K
D1
1N4150
LED
VEE2 -15 V
Figure 17. Precision analog isolation amplifier.
CNR200 fig 17
C3
C1
R6
180 K
R2
180 K
OC1
PD1
VIN
R1
50 K
BALANCE
R3
180 K
VCC1
VEE1
+15 V
-15 V
Figure 18. Bipolar isolation amplifier.
13
D1
+
R4
680
OC1
LED
OC2
LED
+
D2
C2
10 pf
R5
680
R
50 K
GAIN
OC1
PD2
+
OC2
PD1
10 pf
10 pf
OC2
PD2
VMAG
OUTPUT
BNC
C3
C1
R5
180 K
D1
GAIN
+
R1
220 K
R6
50 K
D3
-
VIN
10 pf
10 pf
OC1
PD1
R2
10 K
R4
680
R3
4.7 K
VMAG
+
OC1
LED
+
D2
OC1
PD2
D4
+
C2
VCC
10 pf
+
-
R7
6.8 K
R8
2.2 K
V IGN
VCC1
VEE1
+15 V
-15 V
Figure 19. Magnitude/sign isolation amplifier.
Figure 20. SPICE model listing.
14
OC2
6N13
0.001 µF
+ILOOP
HCNR200
LED
R1
10 kΩ
Z1
5.1 V
R4
100 Ω
HCNR200
PD1
+
-
2N3906
+
VOUT
LM158
HCNR200
PD2
0.001 µF
-ILOOP
VCC
5.5 V
0.1 µF
LM158
-
R2
10 kΩ
R5
80 kΩ
R3
25 Ω
2
Design Equations:
VOUT / ILOOP = K3 (R5 R3) / R1 + R3)
K3 = K2 / K1 = Constant = 1
HCNR200 fig 21
Note:
The two OP-AMPS shown are two separate LM158, and not two channels in a single dual package,
otherwise the loop side and output side will not be properly isolated.
Figure 21. 4 to 20 mA HCNR200 receiver circuit.
Q3
2N3904
Vcc
5.5V
R2
150 Ω
Q2
IC3
+
LM158
C3
100nF
C1
1nF
Q4
Vin
0.8V~4V
“0” @ 2200Hz
“1” @ 1200Hz
PD1/IC1
+
LM158
IC2
Q1
2N3906
R4
10k Ω
1nF
C2
PD2/IC1
R3
10k Ω
Design Equations:
(ILOOP/Vin)=K3(R5+R3)/(R5R1)
K3 = K2/K1 = Constant ≈ 1
Note:
The two OP-AMPS shown are two separate LM158 IC’s, and NOT dual channels in a
single package, otherwise, the LOOP side and input side will not be properly isolated;
The 5V1 Zener should be properly selected to ensure that it conducts at 187µA;
Figure 22. 4 to 20 mA HCNR200 transmitter circuit.
15
2N3904
5V1
R7
3k2Ω
2N3904
LED/IC1
HCNR200
R1
80k Ω
+I LOOP
12V~40V
4 ~ 20mA
4mA (Vin=0.8V)
20mA(Vin=4V)
R8
100kΩ
R6
150 Ω
R5
25 Ω
- I LOOP
Theory of Operation
Figure 1 illustrates how the HCNR200/201 high-linearity
optocoupler is configured. The basic optocoupler con‑
sists of an LED and two photodiodes. The LED and one of
the photodiodes (PD1) is on the input leadframe and the
other photodiode (PD2) is on the output leadframe. The
package of the optocoupler is constructed so that each
photodiode receives approximately the same amount of
light from the LED.
Notice that IPD1 depends ONLY on the input voltage and
the value of R1 and is independent of the light output
characteristics of the LED. As the light output of the
LED changes with temperature, amplifier A1 adjusts IF
to compensate and maintain a constant current in PD1.
Also notice that IPD1 is exactly proportional to VIN, giving
a very linear relationship between the input voltage and
the photodiode current.
An external feedback amplifier can be used with PD1 to
monitor the light output of the LED and automatically
adjust the LED current to compensate for any non-linear‑
ities or changes in light output of the LED. The feedback
amplifier acts to stabilize and linearize the light output
of the LED. The output photodiode then converts the
stable, linear light output of the LED into a current, which
can then be converted back into a voltage by another
amplifier.
The relationship between the input optical power and
the output current of a photodiode is very linear. There‑
fore, by stabilizing and linearizing IPD1, the light output of
the LED is also stabilized and linearized. And since light
from the LED falls on both of the photodiodes, IPD2 will be
stabilized as well.
Figure 12a illustrates the basic circuit topology for
implement
ing a simple isolation amplifier using the
HCNR200/201 optocoupler. Besides the optocoupler,
two external op-amps and two resistors are required.
This simple circuit is actually a bit too simple to function
properly in an actual circuit, but it is quite useful for ex‑
plaining how the basic isolation amplifier circuit works (a
few more components and a circuit change are required
to make a practical circuit, like the one shown in Figure
12b).
The operation of the basic circuit may not be immedi‑
ately obvious just from inspecting Figure 12a, particu‑
larly the input part of the circuit. Stated briefly, amplifier
A1 adjusts the LED current (IF), and therefore the current
in PD1 (IPD1), to maintain its “+” input terminal at 0 V. For
example, increasing the input voltage would tend to in‑
crease the voltage of the “+” input terminal of A1 above
0 V. A1 amplifies that increase, causing IF to increase, as
well as IPD1. Because of the way that PD1 is connected,
IPD1 will pull the “+” terminal of the op-amp back toward
ground. A1 will continue to increase IF until its “+” termi‑
nal is back at 0 V. Assuming that A1 is a perfect op-amp,
no current flows into the inputs of A1; therefore, all of the
current flowing through R1 will flow through PD1. Since
the “+” input of A1 is at 0 V, the current through R1, and
therefore IPD1 as well, is equal to VIN/R1.
Essentially, amplifier A1 adjusts IF so that
IPD1 = VIN/R1.
16
The physical construction of the package determines the
relative amounts of light that fall on the two photodiodes
and, therefore, the ratio of the photodiode currents. This
results in very stable operation over time and tempera‑
ture. The photodiode current ratio can be expressed as a
constant, K, where
K = IPD2/IPD1.
Amplifier A2 and resistor R2 form a trans-resistance am‑
plifier that converts IPD2 back into a voltage, VOUT, where
VOUT = IPD2*R2.
Combining the above three equations yields an overall
expression relating the output voltage to the input volt‑
age,
VOUT /VIN = K*(R2/R1).
Therefore the relationship between VIN and VOUT is con
stant, linear, and independent of the light output
characteristics of the LED. The gain of the basic isolation
amplifier circuit can be adjusted simply by adjusting the
ratio of R2 to R1. The parameter K (called K3 in the electri‑
cal specifications) can be thought of as the gain of the
optocoupler and is specified in the data sheet.
Remember, the circuit in Figure 12a is simplified in order
to explain the basic circuit operation. A practical circuit,
more like Figure 12b, will require a few additional compo
nents to stabilize the input part of the circuit, to limit the
LED current, or to optimize circuit performance. Example
application circuits will be discussed later in the data
sheet.
Circuit Design Flexibility
Circuit design with the HCNR200/201 is very flexible
because the LED and both photodiodes are accessible
to the designer. This allows the designer to make perf
ormance trade-offs that would otherwise be difficult to
make with commercially available isolation amplifiers
(e.g., bandwidth vs. accuracy vs. cost). Analog isolation
circuits can be designed for applications that have either
unipolar (e.g., 0-10 V) or bipolar (e.g., ±10 V) signals, with
positive or negative input or output voltages. Several
simplified circuit topologies illustrating the design flex‑
ibility of the HCNR200/201 are discussed below.
to worry about. However, the second circuit requires two
optocouplers, separate gain adjustments for the posi‑
tive and negative portions of the signal, and can exhibit
crossover distortion near zero volts. The correct circuit to
choose for an application would depend on the require‑
ments of that particular application. As with the basic
isolation amplifier circuit in Figure 12a, the circuits in Fig‑
ure 14 are simplified and would require a few additional
components to function properly. Two example circuits
that operate with bipolar input signals are discussed in
the next section.
The circuit in Figure 12a is configured to be non-invert‑
ing with positive input and output voltages. By simply
changing the polarity of one or both of the photodiodes,
the LED, or the op-amp inputs, it is possible to implement
other circuit configurations as well. Figure 13 illustrates
how to change the basic circuit to accommodate both
positive and negative input and output voltages. The in‑
put and output circuits can be matched to achieve any
combination of positive and negative voltages, allowing
for both inverting and non-inverting circuits.
As a final example of circuit design flexibility, the simpli‑
fied schematics in Figure 15 illustrate how to implement
4-20 mA analog current-loop transmitter and receiver
circuits using the HCNR200/201 optocoupler. An impor‑
tant feature of these circuits is that the loop side of the
circuit is powered entirely by the loop current, eliminat‑
ing the need for an isolated power supply.
All of the configurations described above are unipolar
(single polarity); the circuits cannot accommodate a sig‑
nal that might swing both positive and negative. It is pos‑
sible, however, to use the HCNR200/201 optocoupler to
implement a bipolar isolation amplifier. Two topologies
that allow for bipolar operation are shown in Figure 14.
The circuit in Figure 14a uses two current sources to
offset the signal so that it appears to be unipolar to the
optocoupler. Current source IOS1 provides enough offset
to ensure that IPD1 is always positive. The second current
source, IOS2, provides an offset of opposite polarity to ob‑
tain a net circuit offset of zero. Current sources IOS1 and
IOS2 can be implemented simply as resistors connected to
suitable voltage sources.
The circuit in Figure 14b uses two optocouplers to obtain
bipolar operation. The first optocoupler handles the pos‑
itive voltage excursions, while the second optocoupler
handles the negative ones. The output photodiodes are
connected in an antiparallel configuration so that they
produce output signals of opposite polarity.
The first circuit has the obvious advantage of requiring
only one optocoupler; however, the offset performance
of the circuit is dependent on the matching of IOS1 and
IOS2 and is also dependent on the gain of the optocoupler.
Changes in the gain of the optocoupler will directly af‑
fect the offset of the circuit.
The offset performance of the second circuit, on the
other hand, is much more stable; it is independent of
optocoupler gain and has no matched current sources
17
The input and output circuits in Figure 15a are the same
as the negative input and positive output circuits shown
in Figures 13c and 13b, except for the addition of R3 and
zener diode D1 on the input side of the circuit. D1 regu‑
lates the supply voltage for the input amplifier, while R3
forms a current divider with R1 to scale the loop current
down from 20 mA to an appropriate level for the input
circuit (
