HCPL-M454-500E

Data Sheet HCPL-M454 Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Description The Broadcom® HCPL-M454 is similar to Broadcom’s other high speed transistor output optocouplers, but with shorter propagation delays and higher CTR. The HCPL-M454 also has a guaranteed propagation delay difference (tPLH –tPHL). These features make the HCPL-M454 an excellent solu tion to IPM inverter dead time and other switching problems.   Features   The HCPL-M454 CTR, propagation delays, and CMR are specified both for TTL load and drive conditions and for IPM (Intelligent Power Module) load and drive conditions. specifications, and typical performance plots for both TTL and IPM conditions are provided for ease of application. This diode-transistor optocoupler uses an insulating layer between the light emitting diode and an integrated photon detector to provide electrical insulation between input and output. Separate connections for the photo-diode bias and output transistor collector increase the speed up to a hundred times over that of a conventional photo-transistor coupler by reducing the base-collector capacitance. Applications    Inverter Circuits and Intelligent Power Module (IPM) Interfacing: Shorter propagation delays and guaranteed (tPLH – tPHL) specifications. (See Power Inverter Dead Time and Propagation Delay Specifications.) High speed logic ground isolation: TTL/TTL, TTL/LTTL, TTL/CMOS, TTL/LSTTL Line Receivers: High common mode transient immunity (>15 kV/µs for a TTL load/drive) and low input-output capacitance (0.6 pF) Replace pulse transformers: ave board space and weight Analog signal ground isolation: Integrated photon detector provides improved linearity over phototransistors        Function compatible with HCPL-4504 Surface mountable Very small, low profile JEDEC registered package outline Compatible with infrared vapor phase reflow and wave soldering processes Short propagation delays for TTLand IPM applications Very high common mode transient immunity: Guaranteed 15 kV/ µs at VCM = 1500V High CTR: >25% at 25°C Guaranteed specifications for common IPM applications TTL compatible Guaranteed ac and dc performance over temperature: 0°C to 70°C  Open collector output Safety approval: UL Recognized 3750 Vac / 1 min. per UL 1577 IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Approved VIORM = 560 Vpeak for Option 060. CSA Approved  Lead free option "-000E" CAUTION! The small junction sizes inherent to the design of this bipolar component increase the component's susceptibility to damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD). Take normal static precautions in handling and assembly of this component to prevent damage and/or degradation which may be induced by ESD. Broadcom AV02-0967EN August 5, 2019 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Outline Drawing (JEDEC MO-155) ANODE 1 MXXX XXX 4.4 ± 0.1 (0.173 ± 0.004) 6 7.0 ± 0.2 (0.276 ± 0.008) 5 VOUT CATHODE 3 0.4 ± 0.05 (0.016 ± 0.002) VCC 4 GND TYPE NUMBER (LAST 3 DIGITS) DATE CODE 3.6 ± 0.1* (0.142 ± 0.004) 2.5 ± 0.1 (0.098 ± 0.004) 0.102 ± 0.102 (0.004 ± 0.004) 0.2 ± 0.025 (0.008 ± 0.001) 7° MAX. 1.27 BSC (0.050) 0.71 MIN. (0.028) DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES) MAX. LEAD COPLANARITY = 0.102 (0.004) * MAXIMUM MOLD FLASH ON EACH SIDE IS 0.15 mm (0.006) NOTE: FLOATING LEAD PROTRUSION IS 0.15 mm (6 mils) MAX. Broadcom AV02-0967EN 2 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Ordering Information HCPL-M454 is UL Recognized with 3750 Vrms for 1 minute per UL1577. Option Part Number HCPL-M454 RoHS Compliant Non-RoHS Compliant Package Surface Mount -000E No option SO-5 X -500E #500 X -060E -060 X -560E -560 X Tape and Reel IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Quantity 100 per tube X X 1500 per reel X 100 per tube X 1500 per reel To order, choose a part number from the part number column and combine with the desired option from the option column to form an order entry. Example 1: HCPL-M454-560E to order product of SO-5 Surface Mount package in Tape and Reel packaging with IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-2 Safety Approval and RoHS compliant. Example 2: HCPL-M454 to order product of SO-5 Surface Mount package in Tube packaging and non-RoHS compliant. Option data sheets are available. Contact your Broadcom sales representative or authorized distributor for information. NOTE: Broadcom The notation '#XXX' is used for existing products, while (new) products launched since July 15, 2001 and RoHS compliant use '-XXXE.' AV02-0967EN 3 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Absolute Maximum Ratings No derating is required up to 85°C. Description Value Storage Temperature –55°C to +125°C Operating Temperature –55°C to +100°C Average Input Current – IF 25 mAa Peak Input Current – IF 50 mAb (50% duty cycle, 1 ms pulse width) Peak Transient Input Current – IF 1.0A (≤1 µs pulse width, 300 pps) Reverse Input Voltage – VR (Pin 3-1) 5V Input Power Dissipation 45 mWc Average Output Current – IO (Pin 5 8 mA Peak Output Current 16 mA Output Voltage – VO (Pin 5-4 –0.5V to 20V Supply Voltage – VCC (Pin 6-4) –0.5V to 30V Output Power Dissipation 100 mW[d Infrared and Vapor Phase Reflow Temperature See the following figure a. Derate linearly above 70°C free-air temperature at a rate of 0.8 mA/°C. b. Derate linearly above 70°C free-air temperature at a rate of 1.6mA/°C c. Derate linearly above 70°C free-air temperature at a rate of 0.9 mA/°C d. Derate linearly above 70°C free-air temperature at a rate of 2.0 mA/°C. Solder Reflow Thermal Profile 300 PREHEATING RATE 3°C + 1°C/–0.5°C/SEC. REFLOW HEATING RATE 2.5°C ± 0.5°C/SEC. 200 PEAK TEMP. 245°C PEAK TEMP. 240°C TEMPERATURE (°C) 2.5 C ± 0.5 C/SEC. 30 SEC. 160°C 150°C 140°C SOLDERING TIME 200°C 30 SEC. 3qC + 1°C/–0.5°C 100 PREHEATING TIME 150°C, 90 + 30 SEC. 50 SEC. TIGHT TYPICAL LOOSE ROOM TEMPERATURE 0 0 PEAK TEMP. 230°C 50 100 150 200 250 TIME (SECONDS) NOTE: Broadcom Non-halide flux should be used. AV02-0967EN 4 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Recommended Pb-Free IR Profile tp Tp TEMPERATURE TL Tsmax 260 +0/-5 °C TIME WITHIN 5 °C of ACTUAL PEAK TEMPERATURE 20-40 SEC. 217 °C RAMP-UP 3 °C/SEC. MAX. 150 - 200 °C RAMP-DOWN 6 °C/SEC. MAX. Tsmin ts PREHEAT 60 to 180 SEC. 25 tL 60 to 150 SEC. t 25 °C to PEAK TIME NOTES: THE TIME FROM 25 °C to PEAK TEMPERATURE = 8 MINUTES MAX. Tsmax = 200 °C, Tsmin = 150 °C Schematic Land Pattern Recommendation ICC ANODE 4.4 (0.17) VCC IF + 1.3 (0.05) 2.5 (0.10) 1 VF CATHODE 6 IO – 5 VO 2.0 (0.080) 3 SHIELD 4 0.64 (0.025) 8.27 (0.325) GND DIMENSION IN MILLIMETERS (INCHES) Insulation Related Specifications Parameter Symbol Value Units Minimum External Air Gap (Clearance) L(IO1) ≥5 mm Measured from input terminals to output terminals Minimum External Tracking Path (Creepage) L(IO2) ≥5 mm Measured from input terminals to output terminals 0.08 mm Through insulation distance conductor to conductor 175 V Minimum Internal Plastic Gap (Clearance) Tracking Resistance Isolation Group (per DIN VDE 0109) Broadcom CTI IIIa Conditions DIN IEC 112/VDE 0303 Part 1 Material Group DIN VDE 0109 AV02-0967EN 5 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler DC Electrical Specifications Over recommended temperature (TA = 0°C to 70°C) unless otherwise specified. NOTE: Use of a 0.1-µF bypass capacitor connected between pins 4 and 6 is recommended. Parameter Current Transfer Ratio Current Transfer Ratio Symbol CTR CTR Logic Low Output Voltage VOL Logic High Output Current IOH Min. Typ. Max. 25 32 60 21 34 — 26 35 65 22 37 — — 0.2 0.4 — 0.2 0.5 — 0.003 0.5 — 0.01 1.0 Units % % Test Conditions TA = 25°C TA = 25°C VO = 0.4V IF = 16 mA VO = 0.5V VCC = 4.5V VO = 0.4V IF = 12 mA VO = 0.5V VCC = 4.5V V TA = 25°C IO = 3.0 mA IF = 16 mA IO = 2.4 mA VCC = 4.5V µA TA = 25°C VO = VCC = IF = 0 mA 5.5V TA = 25°C VO = VCC = 15V Figure Note 1, 2, 4 a 1, 2, 4 a 5 — — 50 Logic Low Supply Current ICCL — 50 200 µA IF = 16 mA VCC = 15V VO = open b Logic High Supply Current ICCH — 0.02 1 µA TA = 25°C IF = 0 mA VCC = 15V b — 0.02 2 — 1.5 1.7 Input Forward Voltage VF VO = open V TA = 25°C IF = 16 mA 3 — 1.5 1.8 Input Reverse Breakdown BVR Current 5 — — V IR = 10 µA Temperature Coefficient of ΔVF/ΔTA Forward Voltage — –1.6 — mV/°C IF = 16 mA Input Capacitance CIN — 60 — pF f = 1 MHz Input-Output Insulation Voltage VISO 3750 — — VRMS Resistance (Input-Output) RI-O — 1012 — Ω VI-O = 500 Vdc c Capacitance (Input-Output) — 0.6 — pF f = 1 MHz c CI-O VF = 0V RH < 50% TA = 25°C t = 1 min c, d a. CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO in percent is defined as the ratio of output collector current (IO), to the forward LED input current (IF), times 100. b. Use of a 0.1 µF bypass capacitor connected between pins 4 and 6 is recommended. c. Device considered a two-terminal device: Pins 1 and 3 shorted together and Pins 4, 5 and 6 shorted together. d. In accordance with UL 1577, each optocoupler is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage ≥ 4500 VRMS for 1 second (leakage detection current limit, Ii-e ≤ 5 µA). Broadcom AV02-0967EN 6 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Switching Specifications Over recommended temperature (TA = 0°C to 70°C) unless otherwise specified. Parameter Propagation Delay Time to Logic Low at Output Symbol tPHL Min. Typ. Max. — 0.2 0.3 — 0.2 0.5 Units µs Test Conditions TA = 25°C Pulse: f = 20 kHz Duty Cycle = 10% IF = 16 mA Figure VCC = 5.0V 8, 9 Note a CI = 15 pF RI = 1.9kΩ VTHHI = 1.5V 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.5 1.0 TA = 25°C Pulse: f = 10 kHz Duty Cycle = 50% IF = 12 mA VCC = 15.0V 10, to C = 100 pF 14 b VCC = 5.0V 8, 9 a I RI = 20 kΩ VTHHI = 1.5V Propagation Delay Time to Logic High at Output tPLH — 0.3 0.5 — 0.3 0.7 µs TA = 25°C Pulse: f = 20 kHz Duty Cycle = 10% IF = 16 mA CI = 15 pF RI = 1.9 kΩ VTHIH = 1.5V 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.2 0.8 1.4 TA = 25°C Pulse: f = 10 kHz Duty Cycle = 50% IF = 12 mA VCC = 10 to 14 b 1.5.0V CI = 100 pF RI = 20 kΩ VTHIH = 1.5V Propagation tPHL – tPHL Delay Difference Between Any 2 Parts –0.4 0.3 0.9 –0.7 0.3 1.3 µs TA = 25°C Pulse: f = 10 kHz Duty Cycle = 50% IF = 12 mA RI = 20 kΩ VCC = 15.0V 10 to 14 c CI = 100 pF VTHLH = 2.0V VTHHL = 1.5V Common Mode |CMH| Transient Immunity at Logic High Level Output 15 30 — kV/µs TA = 25°C VCC = 5.0V RL = 1.9 kΩ 7 CL = 15 pF IF = 0 mA a, d VCM = 1500 VP-P 15 30 — VCC = 15.0V RL = 20 kΩ CL = 100 pF IF = 0 mA 7 b, e VCM = 1500 VP-P Broadcom AV02-0967EN 7 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Parameter Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Symbol Common Mode |CML| Transient Immunity at Logic Low Level Output Min. 15 Typ. 30 Max. — Units kV/µs Test Conditions TA = 25°C Figure VCC = 5.0V RL = 1.9 kΩ 7 CL = 100 pF IF = 16 mA Note d a , VCM = 1500 VP-P 10 30 — TA = 25°C VCC = 15.0V RL = 20 kΩ CL = 100 pF IF = 12 mA 7 b 7 b ,8 VCM = 1500 VP-P 15 30 — TA = 25°C VCC = 15.0V RL = 20 kΩ CL = 100 pF IF = 16 mA ,8 VCM = 1500 VP-P a. The 1.9 kΩ load represents 1 TTL unit load of 1.6 mA and the 5.6 kΩ pull-up resistor. b. The RL = 20 kΩ, CL = 100 pF load represents an IPM (Intelligent Power Mode) load. c. The difference between tPLH and tPHL, between any two HCPL-M454 parts under the same test condition. (See the Power Inverter Dead Time and Propagation Delay Specifications). d. Under TTL load and drive conditions: Common mode transient immunity in a Logic High level is the maximum tolerable (positive) dVCM /dt on the leading edge of the common mode pulse, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic High state (that is, VO > 2.0V). Common mode transient immunity in a Logic Low level is the maximum tolerable (negative) dVCM/dt on the trailing edge of the common mode pulse signal, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic Low state (that is, VO < 0.8V). e. Under IPM (Intelligent Power Module) load and LED drive conditions: Common mode transient immunity in a Logic High level is the maximum tolerable dVCM /dt on the leading edge of the common mode pulse, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic High state (that is, VO > 3.0V). Common mode transient immunity in a Logic Low level is the maximum tolerable dVCM/dt on the trailing edge of the common mode pulse signal, VCM, to assure that the output will remain in a Logic Low state (that is, VO < 1.0V). Figure 1: DC and Pulsed Transfer Characteristics 40 mA TA = 25°C 10 VCC = 5.0 V IO – OUTPUT CURRENT – mA Figure 2: Current Transfer Ratio vs. Input Current 35 mA 30 mA 25 mA 5 20 mA 15 mA 10 mA IF = 5 mA 0 0 10 20 VO – OUTPUT VOLTAGE – V Broadcom AV02-0967EN 8 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Figure 3: Input Current vs. Forward Voltage Figure 4: Current Transfer Ratio vs. Temperature 1000 IF – FORWARD CURRENT – mA 100 IF TA = 25°C + VF – 10 NORMALIZED CURRENT TRANSFER RATIO 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.01 0.001 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.0 0.9 NORMALIZED IF = 16 mA VO = 0.4 V VCC = 5.0 V TA = 25°C 0.8 0.7 0.6 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TA – TEMPERATURE – °C VF – FORWARD VOLTAGE – VOLTS Figure 5: Logic High Output Current vs. Temperature IOH – LOGIC HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT – nA 10 4 10 3 10 2 IF = 0 mA VO = VCC = 5.0 V 10 1 10 0 10 -1 10 -2 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TA – TEMPERATURE – °C Figure 6: Switching Test Circuit HCPL-M454 IF 0 VCC VO VCC 1 6 RL tPLH VO 0.1μF VTHLH VOL Broadcom IF 5 VTHHL tPHL PULSE GEN. ZO = 50W tr = 5 ns 3 IF MONITOR 4 CL RM AV02-0967EN 9 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Figure 7: Test Circuit for Transient Immunity and Typical Waveforms HCPL-M454 10 V VCM 90% 0V IF 90% 10% 1 10% tr RL A tf VO VCC 6 B 5 VO 0.1μF VCC 3 SWITCH AT A: I = F0 mA 4 VFF VO CL VOL VCM SWITCH AT B: I = F12 mA, 16 mA + – PULSE GEN. Figure 8: Propagation Delay Time vs. Temperature tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs 0.45 0.40 0.35 1.4 VCC = 5.0 V R L = 1.9 kW C L = 15 pF V THHL = V THLH = 1.5 V 10% DUTY CYCLE tPLH t PHL 0.30 0.25 0.20 IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA 0.15 0.10 -60 -40 -20 1.0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.6 t PHL 0.4 0 t PLH 0 2 4 6 8 IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA 10 12 14 16 18 20 RL– LOAD RESISTANCE – kW Broadcom 4 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 6 Figure 11: Propagation Delay Time vs. Temperature 1.1 VCC = 5.0 V TA = 25° C C L = 100 pF V THHL = 1.5 V VTHLH = 2.0 V 50% DUTY CYCLE t PHL 2 RL – LOAD RESISTANCE – kW tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA 0.2 TA – TEMPERATURE – °C Figure 10: Propagation Delay Time vs. Load Resistance tPLH 0.8 0.0 0 VCC = 5.0 V TA = 25° C C L = 15 pF V THHL = V THLH = 1.5 V 10% DUTY CYCLE 1.2 tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs 0.50 Figure 9: Propagation Delay Time vs. Load Resistance VCC = 15.0 V 1.0 R L = 20 kW C L = 100 pF 0.9 V THHL = 1.5 V V THLH = 2.0 V 0.8 IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA t PLH 50% DUTY CYCLE 0.7 0.6 0.5 tPHL 0.4 0.3 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TA – TEMPERATURE – °C AV02-0967EN 10 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Figure 12: Propagation Delay Time vs. Load Resistance 1.6 tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs 3.5 VCC = 15.0 V TA = 25° C C L = 100 pF V THHL = 1.5 V VTHLH = 2.0 V 50% DUTY CYCLE 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 t PLH t PHL 0.6 0.4 IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA 0.2 0.0 0 VCC = 15.0 V TA = 25° C R L = 20 kW V THHL = 1.5 V V THLH = 2.0 V 50% DUTY CYCLE 3.0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 RL – LOAD RESISTANCE – kW tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs 1.8 Figure 13: Propagation Delay Time vs. Load Capacitance 2.5 2.0 t PLH t PHL 1.5 1.0 IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA 0.5 0.0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 RL – LOAD CAPACITANCE – pF Figure 14: Propagation Delay Time vs. Supply Voltage 1.2 TA = 25° C R L = 20 kW C L = 100 pF V THHL = 1.5 V V THLH = 2.0 V 50% DUTY CYCLE 1.1 tp – PROPAGATION DELAY – μs 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 t PLH 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 t PHL IF = 10 mA IF = 16 mA 0.2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 VCC – SUPPLY VOLTAGE – V Broadcom AV02-0967EN 11 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Figure 15: Typical Power Inverter Figure 16: LED Delay and Dead Time Diagram Broadcom AV02-0967EN 12 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler Power Inverter Dead Time and Propagation Delay Specifications The HCPL-M454 includes a specification intended to help designers minimize "dead time" in their power inverter designs. The new "propagation delay difference" specification (tPLH – tPHL) is useful for determining not only how much optocoupler switching delay is needed to prevent "shoot-through" current, but also for determining the best achievable worst-case dead time for a given design. When inverter power transistors switch (Q1 and Q2 in Figure 15), it is essential that they never conduct at the same time. Extremely large currents will flow if there is any overlap in their conduction during switching transitions, potentially damaging the transistor and even the surrounding circuitry. This "shoot-through" current is eliminated by delaying the turn-on of one transistor (Q2) long enough to ensure that the opposing transistor (Q1) has completely turned off. This delay introduces a small amount of "dead time" at the output of the inverter during which both transistors are off during switching transitions. Minimizing this dead time is an important design goal for an inverter designer. The amount of turn-on delay needed depends on the propagation delay characteristics of the optocoupler, as well as the characteristics of the transistor base/gate drive circuit. Considering only the delay characteristics of the optocoupler (the characteristics of the base/gate drive circuit can be analyzed in the same way), it is important to know the minimum and maximum turn-on (tPHL) and turn-off (tPLH) propagation delay specifications, preferably over the desired operating temperature range. The importance of these specifications is illustrated in Figure 16. The waveforms labeled "LED1", "LED2", "OUT1", and "OUT2" are the input and output voltages of the optocoupler circuits driving Q1 and Q2 respectively. Most inverters are designed such that the power transistor turns on when the optocoupler LED turns on; this ensures that both power transistors will be off in the event of a power loss in the control circuit. Inverters can also be designed such that the power transistor turns off when the optocoupler LED turns on; this type of design, however, requires additional fail-safe circuitry to turn off the power transistor if an over-current condition is detected. The timing illustrated in Figure 16 assumes that the power transistor turns on when the optocoupler LED turns on. Broadcom The LED signal to turn on Q2 should be delayed enough so that an optocoupler with the very fastest turn-on propagation delay (tPHLmin) will never turn on before an optocoupler with the very slowest turn-off propagation delay (tPLHmax) turns off. To ensure this, the turn-on of the optocoupler should be delayed by an amount no less than (tPLHmax – tPHLmin), which also happens to be the maximum data sheet value for the propagation delay difference specification, (tPLH – tPHL). The HCP-M454 specifies a maximum (tPLH – tPHL) of 1.3 µs over an operating temperature range of 0°C to 70°C. Although (tPLH – tPHL)max tells the designer how much delay is needed to prevent shoot-through current, it is insufficient to tell the designer how much dead time a design will have. Assuming that the optocoupler turn-on delay is exactly equal to (tPLH – tPHL)max, the minimum dead time is zero (that is, there is zero time between the turn-off of the very slowest optocoupler and the turn-on of the very fastest optocoupler). Calculating the maximum dead time is slightly more complicated. Assuming that the LED turn-on delay is still exactly equal to (tPLH – tPHL)max, it can be seen in Figure 16 that the maximum dead time is the sum of the maximum difference in turn-on delay plus the maximum difference in turn-off delay, [(tPLHmax-tPLHmin) + (tPHLmax-tPHLmin)], This expression can be rearranged to obtain [(tPLHmax-tPHLmin) – (tPHLmin-tPHLmax)], and further rearranged to obtain [(tPLH-tPHL)max – (tPLH-tPHL)min], which is the maximum minus the minimum data sheet values of (tPLH – tPHL). The difference between the maximum and minimum values depends directly on the total spread of propagation delays and sets the limit on how good the worst-case dead time can be for a given design. Therefore, optocouplers with tight propagation delay specifications (and not just shorter delays or lower pulsewidth distortion) can achieve short dead times in power inverters. The HCPL-M454 specifies a minimum (tPLH – tPHL) of –0.7 µs over an operating temperature range of 0°C to 70°C, resulting in a maximum dead time of 2.0 µs when the LED turn-on delay is equal to (tPLH – tPHL)max, or 1.3 µs. AV02-0967EN 13 HCPL-M454 Data Sheet Ultra High CMR, Small Outline, 5 Lead, High Speed Optocoupler It is important to maintain accurate LED turn-on delays because delays shorter than (tPLH – tPHL)max may allow shoot-through currents, while longer delays will increase the worst-case dead time. Broadcom AV02-0967EN 14 Broadcom, the pulse logo, Connecting everything, Avago Technologies, Avago, and the A logo are among the trademarks of Broadcom and/or its affiliates in the United States, certain other countries, and/or the EU. Copyright © 2008–2019 Broadcom. All Rights Reserved. The term “Broadcom” refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. For more information, please visit www.broadcom.com. Broadcom reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products or data herein to improve reliability, function, or design. Information furnished by Broadcom is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Broadcom does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this information, nor the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.