CC2550
CC2550
Low-Cost Low-Power 2.4 GHz RF Transmitter
Applications
• 2400-2483.5 MHz ISM/SRD band systems
• Consumer electronics
• Wireless game controllers
• Wireless audio
• RF enabled remote controls
Product Description
The CC2550 is a low-cost 2.4 GHz transmitter
designed for very low-power wireless applications. The circuit is intended for the 24002483.5 MHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and
Medical) and SRD (Short Range Device) frequency band.
The main operating parameters and the 64byte transmit FIFO of CC2550 can be controlled
via an SPI interface. In a typical system, the
CC2550 will be used together with a microcontroller and a few passive components.
The RF transmitter is integrated with a highly
configurable baseband modulator. The
modulator supports various modulation
formats and has a configurable data rate up to
500 kBaud.
The CC2550 provides extensive hardware
support for packet handling, data buffering and
burst transmissions.
Key Features
RF Performance
Low-Power Features
•
•
•
•
•
Programmable output power up to +1 dBm
Programmable data rate from 1.2 to 500
kBaud
Frequency range: 2400 – 2483.5 MHz
•
200 nA SLEEP mode current consumption
Fast startup time: 240 us from SLEEP to
TX mode (measured on EM design [3])
64-byte TX data FIFO (enables burst
mode data transmission)
Analog Features
•
•
•
OOK, 2-FSK, GFSK, and MSK supported
Suitable for frequency hopping and multichannel systems due to a fast settling
frequency synthesizer with 90 us settling
time
Integrated analog temperature sensor
Digital Features
•
•
•
Flexible support for packet oriented
systems: On-chip support for sync word
insertion, flexible packet length, and
automatic CRC handling
Efficient SPI interface: All registers can be
programmed with one “burst” transfer
Optional automatic whitening of data
General
•
•
•
•
•
SWRS039B
Few external components: Complete onchip frequency synthesizer, no external
filters needed
Green package: RoHS compliant and no
antimony or bromine
Small size (QLP 4x4 mm package, 16
pins)
Suited for systems compliant with EN 300
328 and EN 300 440 class 2 (Europe),
FCC CFR47 Part 15 (US), and ARIB STDT66 (Japan)
Support
for
asynchronous
and
synchronous serial transmit mode for
backwards compatibility with existing radio
communication protocols
Page 1 of 58
CC2550
Table of Contents
APPLICATIONS ...........................................................................................................................................1
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION.........................................................................................................................1
KEY FEATURES ..........................................................................................................................................1
RF PERFORMANCE ...................................................................................................................................1
ANALOG FEATURES .................................................................................................................................1
DIGITAL FEATURES..................................................................................................................................1
LOW-POWER FEATURES.........................................................................................................................1
GENERAL .....................................................................................................................................................1
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................................................................2
ABBREVIATIONS........................................................................................................................................4
1
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ..............................................................................................4
2
OPERATING CONDITIONS ..........................................................................................................5
3
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS..................................................................................................5
4
ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................5
4.1
CURRENT CONSUMPTION .....................................................................................................................5
4.2
RF TRANSMIT SECTION ........................................................................................................................6
4.3
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR .........................................................................................................................7
4.4
FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER CHARACTERISTICS .....................................................................................7
4.5
ANALOG TEMPERATURE SENSOR .........................................................................................................8
4.6
DC CHARACTERISTICS .........................................................................................................................8
4.7
POWER-ON RESET ................................................................................................................................8
5
PIN CONFIGURATION...................................................................................................................9
6
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................................10
7
APPLICATION CIRCUIT .............................................................................................................10
8
CONFIGURATION OVERVIEW .................................................................................................13
9
CONFIGURATION SOFTWARE.................................................................................................14
10
4-WIRE SERIAL CONFIGURATION AND DATA INTERFACE ...........................................14
10.1 CHIP STATUS BYTE ............................................................................................................................15
10.2 REGISTERS ACCESS ............................................................................................................................16
10.3 SPI READ ...........................................................................................................................................16
10.4 COMMAND STROBES ..........................................................................................................................17
10.5 FIFO ACCESS .....................................................................................................................................17
10.6 PATABLE ACCESS .............................................................................................................................17
11
11.1
11.2
12
13
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
14
14.1
14.2
14.3
15
15.1
15.2
16
MICROCONTROLLER INTERFACE AND PIN CONFIGURATION ...................................18
CONFIGURATION INTERFACE ..............................................................................................................18
GENERAL CONTROL AND STATUS PINS ..............................................................................................18
DATA RATE PROGRAMMING...................................................................................................19
PACKET HANDLING HARDWARE SUPPORT .......................................................................19
DATA WHITENING ...............................................................................................................................19
PACKET FORMAT ................................................................................................................................20
PACKET HANDLING IN TRANSMIT MODE ............................................................................................22
PACKET HANDLING IN FIRMWARE ......................................................................................................22
MODULATION FORMATS ..........................................................................................................22
FREQUENCY SHIFT KEYING ................................................................................................................23
MINIMUM SHIFT KEYING....................................................................................................................23
AMPLITUDE MODULATION .................................................................................................................23
FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION WITH INTERLEAVING ..............................................23
FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION (FEC)...............................................................................................23
INTERLEAVING ...................................................................................................................................24
RADIO CONTROL.........................................................................................................................25
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CC2550
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
17
18
19
19.1
20
21
22
22.1
23
24
25
26
26.1
26.2
27
27.1
27.2
27.3
27.4
27.5
27.6
27.7
27.8
27.9
28
28.1
28.2
29
29.1
29.2
29.3
29.4
29.5
30
31
32
32.1
32.2
33
34
POWER-ON START-UP SEQUENCE ......................................................................................................25
CRYSTAL CONTROL ............................................................................................................................26
VOLTAGE REGULATOR CONTROL.......................................................................................................26
TX MODE ...........................................................................................................................................27
TIMING ...............................................................................................................................................27
TX FIFO ...........................................................................................................................................27
FREQUENCY PROGRAMMING.................................................................................................28
VCO ..................................................................................................................................................29
VCO AND PLL SELF-CALIBRATION ...................................................................................................29
VOLTAGE REGULATORS ..........................................................................................................29
OUTPUT POWER PROGRAMMING .........................................................................................30
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR.............................................................................................................32
REFERENCE SIGNAL ...........................................................................................................................32
EXTERNAL RF MATCH ..............................................................................................................32
PCB LAYOUT RECOMMENDATIONS......................................................................................33
GENERAL PURPOSE / TEST OUTPUT CONTROL PINS ......................................................33
ASYNCHRONOUS AND SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL OPERATION .......................................34
ASYNCHRONOUS OPERATION .............................................................................................................34
SYNCHRONOUS SERIAL OPERATION ...................................................................................................35
SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS AND GUIDELINES ..................................................................35
SRD REGULATIONS ............................................................................................................................35
FREQUENCY HOPPING AND MULTI-CHANNEL SYSTEMS .....................................................................35
WIDEBAND MODULATION NOT USING SPREAD SPECTRUM ................................................................36
DATA BURST TRANSMISSIONS............................................................................................................36
CONTINUOUS TRANSMISSIONS ...........................................................................................................36
SPECTRUM EFFICIENT MODULATION ..................................................................................................36
LOW COST SYSTEMS ..........................................................................................................................36
BATTERY OPERATED SYSTEMS ..........................................................................................................36
INCREASING OUTPUT POWER .............................................................................................................37
CONFIGURATION REGISTERS.................................................................................................37
CONFIGURATION REGISTER DETAILS .................................................................................................41
STATUS REGISTER DETAILS................................................................................................................49
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION (QLP 16)..........................................................................................52
RECOMMENDED PCB LAYOUT FOR PACKAGE (QLP 16) ....................................................................53
PACKAGE THERMAL PROPERTIES .......................................................................................................53
SOLDERING INFORMATION .................................................................................................................53
TRAY SPECIFICATION .........................................................................................................................54
CARRIER TAPE AND REEL SPECIFICATION ..........................................................................................54
ORDERING INFORMATION.......................................................................................................54
REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................54
GENERAL INFORMATION.........................................................................................................55
DOCUMENT HISTORY .........................................................................................................................55
PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS .........................................................................................................56
ADDRESS INFORMATION ..........................................................................................................57
TI WORLDWIDE TECHNICAL SUPPORT...............................................................................57
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Page 3 of 58
CC2550
Abbreviations
Abbreviations used in this data sheet are described below.
ACP
Adjacent Channel Power
NA
Not Applicable
ADC
Analog to Digital Converter
NRZ
Non Return to Zero (coding)
AGC
Automatic Gain Control
LO
Local Oscillator
AMR
Automatic Meter Reading
OBW
Occupied Bandwidth
ARIB
Association of Radio Industries and Businesses
OOK
On Off Keying
ASK
Amplitude Shift Keying
PA
Power Amplifier
BER
Bit Error Rate
PCB
Printed Circuit Board
BT
Bandwidth-Time product
PD
Power Down
CFR
Code of Federal Regulations
PER
Packet Error Rate
CRC
Cyclic Redundancy Check
PLL
Phase Locked Loop
DC
Direct Current
POR
Power-on Reset
ESR
Equivalent Series Resistance
QPSK
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
QLP
Quad Leadless Package
FEC
Forward Error Correction
RF
Radio Frequency
FHSS
FIFO
2-FSK
Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
First-In-First-Out
Frequency Shift Keying
RX
SMD
SNR
Receive, Receive Mode
Surface Mount Device
Signal to Noise Ratio
GFSK
Gaussian shaped Frequency Shift Keying
SPI
Serial Peripheral Interface
I/Q
In-Phase/Quadrature
SRD
Short Range Device
ISM
Industrial, Scientific and Medical
TX
Transmit, Transmit Mode
LC
Inductor-Capacitor
VCO
Voltage Controlled Oscillator
LO
Local Oscillator
WLAN
Wireless Local Area Networks
MCU
Microcontroller Unit
XOSC
Crystal Oscillator
MSB
Most Significant Bit
XTAL
Crystal
MSK
Minimum Shift Keying
1
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Under no circumstances must the absolute maximum ratings given in Table 1 be violated. Stress
exceeding one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device.
Caution!
ESD
sensitive
device.
Precaution should be used when handling
the device in order to prevent permanent
damage.
Parameter
Min
Max
Units
Condition/Note
Supply voltage
–0.3
3.9
V
Voltage on any digital pin
–0.3
VDD+0.3,
max 3.9
V
Voltage on the pins RF_P, RF_N
and DCOUPL
–0.3
2.0
V
Storage temperature range
–50
150
°C
Solder reflow temperature
260
°C
According to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D
ESD
255
Reprogramming the packet automation control
register, PCKCTRL0, during TX mode opens
the possibility to transmit packets that are
longer than 256 bytes and still be able to use
the packet handling hardware support. At the
start of the packet, the infinite packet length
mode (PCKCTRL0.LENGTH_CONFIG=2) must
be active. The PKTLEN register is set to
mod(length, 256). When less than 256 bytes
remains of the packet the MCU disables
infinite packet length mode and activates fixed
packet length mode. When the internal byte
counter reaches the PKTLEN value, the
transmission ends the radio enters the state
determined by TXOFF_MODE). Automatic CRC
appending can be used (by setting
PKTCTRL0.CRC_EN=1).
When for example a 600-byte packet is to be
transmitted, the MCU should do the following
(see also Figure 11):
•
Set PKTCTRL0.LENGTH_CONFIG=2.
•
Pre-program the PKTLEN
mod(600,256)=88.
•
Transmit at least 345 bytes (600 – 255),
for example by filling the 64-byte TX FIFO
six times (384 bytes transmitted).
•
Set PKTCTRL0.LENGTH_CONFIG=0.
•
The transmission ends when the packet
counter reaches 88. A total of 600 bytes
are transmitted.
register
Figure 11: Packet Length > 255
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to
CC2550
13.3 Packet Handling in Transmit Mode
The payload that is to be transmitted must be
written into the TX FIFO. The first byte written
must be the length byte when variable packet
length is enabled. The length byte has a value
equal to the payload of the packet (including
the optional address byte). If fixed packet
length is enabled, then the first byte written to
the TX FIFO is interpreted as the destination
address, if this feature is enabled in the device
that receives the packet.
The modulator will first send the programmed
number of preamble bytes. If data is available
in the TX FIFO, the modulator will send the
two-byte (optionally 4-byte) sync word and
then the payload in the TX FIFO. If CRC is
enabled, the checksum is calculated over all
the data pulled from the TX FIFO and the
result is sent as two extra bytes at the end of
the payload data. If the TX FIFO runs empty
before the complete packet has been
transmitted,
the
radio
will
enter
TXFIFO_UNDERFLOW state. The only way to
exit this state is by issuing an SFTX strobe.
Writing to the TX FIFO after it has underflowed
will not restart TX mode.
If whitening is enabled, everything following
the sync words will be whitened. This is done
before the optional FEC/Interleaver stage.
Whitening
is
enabled
by
setting
PKTCTRL0.WHITE_DATA=1.
the TX FIFO needs to be refilled while in TX.
This means that the MCU needs to know the
number of bytes that can be written to TX
FIFO. There are two possible solutions to get
the necessary status information:
a) Interrupt driven solution
It is possible to use one of the GDO pins to give
an interrupt when a sync word has been
transmitted and/or when a complete packet
has been transmitted (IOCFGx=0x06). In
addition, there are 2 configurations for the
IOCFGx register that are associated with the
TX FIFO (IOCFGx=0x02 and IOCFG=0x03)
that can be used as interrupt sources to
provide information on how many bytes are in
the TX FIFO. See Table 22.
b) SPI polling
The PKTSTATUS register can be polled at a
given rate to get information about the current
GDO0 value. The TXBYTES register can be
polled at a given rate to get information about
the number of bytes in the TX FIFO.
Alternatively, the number of bytes in the TX
FIFO can be read from the chip status byte
returned on the MISO line each time a header
byte, data byte, or command strobe is sent on
the SPI bus. This only valid when R/W = 0.
If FEC/Interleaving is enabled, everything
following the sync words will be scrambled by
the interleaver, and FEC encoded before being
modulated. FEC is enabled by setting
MDMCFG.FEC_EN=1.
As explained in Section 10.3 and the CC2550
Errata Notes [1], when using SPI polling there
is a small, but finite, probability that a single
read from registers PKTSTATUS and TXBYTES
is being corrupt. The same is the case when
reading the chip status byte. It is therefore
recommended to employ an interrupt driven
solution.
13.4
Refer to the TI website for SW examples ([5]
and [6]).
Packet Handling in Firmware
When implementing a packet oriented radio
protocol in firmware, the MCU needs to know
when a packet has been transmitted.
Additionally, for packets longer than 64 bytes
14
Modulation Formats
CC2550 supports amplitude, frequency and
phase shift modulation formats. The desired
modulation
format
is
set
in
the
MDMCFG2.MOD_FORMAT register.
Manchester encoding is not supported at the
same time as using the FEC/Interleaver
option.
Optionally, the data stream can be Manchester
coded by the modulator. This option is enabled
by setting MDMCFG2.MANCHESTER_EN=1.
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CC2550
14.1 Frequency Shift Keying
14.2 Minimum Shift Keying
2-FSK can optionally be shaped by a
Gaussian filter with BT=1, producing a GFSK
modulated signal.
When using MSK1, the complete transmission
(preamble, sync word and payload) will be
MSK modulated.
The frequency deviation is programmed with
the DEVIATION_M and DEVIATION_E values
in the DEVIATN register. The value has an
exponent/mantissa form, and the resultant
deviation is given by:
Phase shifts are performed with a constant
transition time.
f dev =
f xosc
⋅ (8 + DEVIATION _ M ) ⋅ 2 DEVIATION _ E
17
2
The fraction of a symbol period used to
change the phase can be modified with the
DEVIATN.DEVIATION_M setting. This is
equivalent to changing the shaping of the
symbol.
The MSK modulation format implemented in
CC2550 inverts the sync word and data
compared to e.g. signal generators.
The symbol encoding is shown in Table 17.
Format
Symbol
Coding
14.3 Amplitude Modulation
2-FSK\GFSK
‘0’
– Deviation
‘1’
+ Deviation
The supported amplitude modulation On-Off
Keying (OOK) simply turns on or off the PA to
modulate 1 and 0 respectively.
Table 17: Symbol Encoding for 2-FSK/GFSK
Modulation
1
Identical to offset QPSK with half-sine
shaping (data coding may differ)
15
Forward Error Correction with Interleaving
15.1 Forward Error Correction (FEC)
CC2550 has built in support for Forward Error
Correction (FEC) that can be used with CC2500
[9] at the receiver end. To enable this option,
set MDMCFG1.FEC_EN=1. FEC is employed on
the data field and CRC word in order to reduce
the gross bit error rate when operating near
the sensitivity limit. Redundancy is added to
the transmitted data in such a way that the
CC2500 [9] can restore the original data in the
presence of some bit errors.
The use of FEC allows correct reception at a
lower SNR, thus extending communication
range. Alternatively, for a given SNR, using
FEC decreases the bit error rate (BER). As the
packet error rate (PER) is related to BER by:
PER = 1 − (1 − BER) packet _ length
a lower BER can be used to allow longer
packets, or a higher percentage of packets of
a given length, to be transmitted successfully.
Finally, in realistic ISM radio environments,
SWRS039B
transient and time-varying phenomena will
produce occasional errors even in otherwise
good reception conditions. FEC will mask such
errors and, combined with interleaving of the
coded data, even correct relatively long
periods of faulty reception (burst errors).
The FEC scheme adopted for CC2550 is
convolutional coding, in which n bits are
generated based on k input bits and the m
most recent input bits, forming a code stream
able to withstand a certain number of bit errors
between each coding state (the m-bit window).
The convolutional coder is a rate 1/2 code with
a constraint length of m=4. The coder codes
one input bit and produces two output bits;
hence, the effective data rate is halved. I.e. to
transmit at the same effective data rate when
using FEC, it is necessary to use twice as high
over-the-air data rate. I.e. to transmit at the
same effective data rate when using FEC, it is
necessary to use twice as high over-the-air
data rate. This will require a higher CC2500 [9]
receiver bandwidth, and thus reduced
sensitivity. In other words, the improved
reception by using FEC and the degraded
Page 23 of 58
CC2550
sensitivity from a higher receiver bandwidth
will be counteracting factors.
into the rows of the matrix, whereas the data
passed onto the convolutional decoder is read
from the columns of the matrix.
15.2 Interleaving
When FEC and interleaving is used at least
one extra byte is required for trellis
termination. In addition, the amount of data
transmitted over the air must be a multiple of
the size of the interleaver buffer (two bytes).
The packet control hardware therefore
automatically inserts one or two extra bytes at
the end of the packet, so that the total length
of the data to be interleaved is an even
number. Note that these extra bytes are
invisible to the user, as they are removed
before the received packet enters the RX FIFO
in a CC2500 [9].
Data received through radio channels will often
experience burst errors due to interference
and time-varying signal strengths. In order to
increase the robustness to errors spanning
multiple bits, interleaving is used when FEC is
enabled. After de-interleaving on the receiver
side, a continuous span of errors in the
received stream will become single errors
spread apart.
CC2550 employs matrix interleaving, which is
illustrated in Figure 12. The on-chip
interleaving buffer is a 4 x 4 matrix. The data
bits from the rate ½ convolutional coder are
written into the rows of the matrix, whereas the
bit sequence to be transmitted is read from the
columns of the matrix. Conversely, in a CC2500
[9] receiver, the received symbols are written
Interleaver
Write buffer
Packet
Engine
FEC
Encoder
When FEC and interleaving is used the
minimum data payload is 2 bytes.
Note that for the CC2500 [9] transceiver FEC is
only supported in fixed packet length mode
(PKTCTRL0.LENGTH_CONFIG=0).
Interleaver
Read buffer
Modulator
Figure 12: General Principle of Matrix Interleaving
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Page 24 of 58
CC2550
16
Radio Control
SIDLE
SLEEP
0
SPWD
CAL_COMPLETE
MANCAL
3,4,5
CSn = 0
IDLE
1
SXOFF
SCAL
CSn = 0
XOFF
2
STX | SFSTXON
FS_WAKEUP
6,7
FS_AUTOCAL = 01
&
STX | SFSTXON
FS_AUTOCAL = 00 | 10 | 11
&
STX | SFSTXON
SETTLING
9,10,11
SFSTXON
FSTXON
18
CALIBRATE
8
CAL_COMPLETE
STX
STX
TXOFF_MODE = 01
TXOFF_MODE = 10
TX
19,20
TXFIFO_UNDERFLOW
TXOFF_MODE = 00
&
FS_AUTOCAL = 10 | 11
CALIBRATE
12
TXOFF_MODE = 00
&
FS_AUTOCAL = 00 | 01
TX_UNDERFLOW
22
SFTX
IDLE
1
Figure 13: Complete Radio Control State Diagram
CC2550 has a built-in state machine that is
used to switch between different operation
states (modes). The change of state is done
either by using command strobes or by
internal events such as TX FIFO underflow.
A simplified state diagram, together with
typical usage and current consumption, is
shown in Figure 4 on page 13. The complete
radio control state diagram is shown in Figure
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13. The numbers refer to the state number
readable in the MARCSTATE status register.
This register is primarily for test purposes.
16.1 Power-On Start-Up Sequence
When the power supply is turned on, the
system must be reset. One of the following two
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CC2550
sequences must be followed: Automatic
power-on reset (POR) or manual reset.
16.1.1 Automatic POR
A power-on reset circuit is included in the
CC2550. The minimum requirements stated in
Section 4.7 must be followed for the power-on
reset to function properly. The internal powerup sequence is completed when CHIP_RDYn
goes low. CHIP_RDYn is observed on the SO
pin after CSn is pulled low. See Section 10.1
for more details on CHIP_RDYn.
When the CC2550 reset is completed the chip
will be in the IDLE state and the crystal
oscillator will be running. If the chip has had
sufficient time for the crystal oscillator to
stabilize after the power-on-reset, the SO pin
will go low immediately after taking CSn low. If
CSn is taken low before reset is completed the
SO pin will first go high, indicating that the
crystal oscillator is not stabilized, before going
low as shown in Figure 14.
Figure 14: Power-On Reset
16.1.2 Manual Reset
The other global reset possibility on CC2550 is
the SRES command strobe. By issuing this
strobe, all internal registers and states are set
to the default, IDLE state. The manual powerup sequence is as follows (see Figure 15):
•
Strobe CSn low / high.
•
Hold CSn high for at least 40 µs relative to
pulling CSn low
•
Pull CSn low and wait for SO to go low
(CHIP_RDYn).
•
Issue the SRES strobe on the SI line.
•
When SO goes low again, reset is
complete and the chip is in the IDLE state.
XOSC and voltage regulator switched on
40 us
CSn
SO
XOSC Stable
SI
SRES
Figure 15: Power-On Reset with SRES
Note that the above reset procedure is only
required just after the power supply is first
turned on. If the user wants to reset the
CC2550 after this, it is only necessary to issue
an SRES command strobe.
16.2 Crystal Control
The crystal oscillator is automatically turned on
when CSn goes low. It will be turned off if the
SXOFF or SPWD command strobes are issued;
the state machine then goes to XOFF or
SLEEP respectively. This can only be done
from the IDLE state. The XOSC will be turned
off when CSn is released (goes high). The
XOSC will be automatically turned on again
when CSn goes low. The state machine will
then go to the IDLE state. The SO pin on the
SPI interface must be pulled low before the
SPI interface is ready to be used; as described
in Section 10.1 on page 15.
Crystal oscillator start-up time depends on
crystal ESR and load capacitances. The
electrical specification for the crystal oscillator
can be found in Section 4.3 on page 7.
16.3 Voltage Regulator Control
The voltage regulator to the digital core is
controlled by the radio controller. When the
chip enters the SLEEP state, which is the state
with the lowest current consumption, the
voltage regulator is disabled. This occurs after
CSn is released when a SPWD command
strobe has been sent on the SPI interface. The
chip is now in the SLEEP state. Setting CSn
low again will turn on the regulator and crystal
oscillator and make the chip enter the IDLE
state.
All CC2550 register values (with the exception
of the MCSM0.PO_TIMEOUT field) are lost in
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Page 26 of 58
CC2550
the SLEEP state. After the chip gets back to
the IDLE state, the registers will have default
(reset) contents and must be reprogrammed
over the SPI interface.
16.4 TX Mode
Transmit mode is activated by the MCU by
using the STX command strobe.
The frequency synthesizer must be calibrated
regularly. CC2550 has one manual calibration
option (using the SCAL strobe), and three
automatic calibration options, controlled by the
MCSM0.FS_AUTOCAL setting:
•
Calibrate when going from IDLE to TX (or
FSTXON)
•
Calibrate when going from TX to IDLE
automatically
•
Calibrate every fourth time when going
from TX to IDLE automatically
If the radio goes from TX to IDLE by issuing an
SIDLE strobe, calibration will not be
performed. The calibration takes a constant
number of XOSC cycles (see Table 18 for
timing details).
After activating TX mode, the chip will remain
in the TX state until the current packet has
been successfully transmitted. Then the state
will
change
as
indicated
by
the
MCSM1.TXOFF_MODE setting. The possible
destinations are:
•
IDLE
•
FSTXON: Frequency synthesizer on and
ready at the TX frequency. Activate TX
with STX.
•
TX: Start sending preambles
The SIDLE command strobe can always be
used to force the radio controller to go to the
IDLE state.
16.5 Timing
The radio controller controls most timing in
CC2550, such as synthesizer calibration and
PLL lock time. Timing from IDLE to TX is
constant, dependent on the auto calibration
setting. The calibration time is constant 18739
clock periods. Table 18 shows timing in crystal
clock cycles for key state transitions.
Power on time and XOSC start-up times are
variable, but within the limits stated in Table 6.
Note that in a frequency hopping spread
spectrum or a multi-channel protocol the
calibration time can be reduced from 721 µs to
approximately 150 µs. This is explained in
Section 27.2.
Description
XOSC
Periods
26 MHz
Crystal
Idle to TX/FSTXON, no calibration
2298
88.4 µs
Idle to TX/FSTXON, with calibration
~21037
809 µs
TX to IDLE, no calibration
2
0.1 µs
TX to IDLE, including calibration
~18739
721 µs
Manual calibration
~18739
721 µs
Table 18: State Transition Timing
17
TX FIFO
The CC2550 contains a 64 byte FIFO for data
to be transmitted. The SPI interface is used for
writing to the TX FIFO. Section 10.5 contains
details on the SPI FIFO access. The FIFO
controller will detect underflow in the TX FIFO.
When writing to the TX FIFO it is the
responsibility of the MCU to avoid TX FIFO
overflow. A TX FIFO overflow will result in an
error in the TX FIFO content.
The chip status byte that is available on the SO
pin while transferring the SPI address contains
the fill grade of the TX FIFO if the R/W bit in
SWRS039B
the header byte is 0. Section 10.1 on page 15
contains more details on this.
The number of bytes in the TX FIFO can also
be read from the TXBYTES.NUM_TXBYTES
status register.
The 4-bit FIFOTHR.FIFO_THR setting is used
to program threshold points in the FIFO. Table
19 lists the 16 FIFO_THR settings and the
corresponding thresholds for the TX FIFO.
A signal will assert when the number of bytes
in the FIFO is equal to or higher than the
programmed threshold. The signal can be
Page 27 of 58
CC2550
viewed on the GDO pins (see Section 25 on
page 33).
Figure 17 shows the number of bytes in the TX
FIFO when the threshold flag toggles, in the
case of FIFO_THR=13. Figure 16 shows the
signal as the FIFO is filled above the
threshold, and then drained below.
FIFO_THR
Bytes in TX FIFO
0 (0000)
61
1 (0001)
57
2 (0010)
53
3 (0011)
49
4 (0100)
45
5 (0101)
41
6 (0110)
37
7 (0111)
33
8 (1000)
29
9 (1001)
25
10 (1010)
21
11 (1011)
17
12 (1100)
13
13 (1101)
9
14 (1110)
5
15 (1111)
1
NUM_TXBYTES
6
7
8
9 10 9
8
7
6
GDO
Figure 16: FIFO_THR=13 vs. Number of
Bytes in FIFO (GDOx_CFG=0x02)
FIFO_THR=13
Underflow
margin
8 bytes
TXFIFO
Figure 17: Example of FIFO at Threshold
Table 19: FIFO_THR Settings and the
Corresponding FIFO Thresholds
18
Frequency Programming
The frequency programming in CC2550 is
designed to minimize the programming
needed in a channel-oriented system.
To set up a system with channel numbers, the
desired channel spacing is programmed with
the
MDMCFG0.CHANSPC_M
and
MDMCFG1.CHANSPC_E registers. The channel
spacing registers are mantissa and exponent
respectively.
f carrier =
(
(
The base or start frequency is set by the 24 bit
frequency word located in the FREQ2, FREQ1
and FREQ0 registers. This word will typically
be set to the centre of the lowest channel
frequency that is to be used.
The desired channel number is programmed
with the 8-bit channel number register,
CHANNR.CHAN, which is multiplied by the
channel offset. The resultant carrier frequency
is given by:
f XOSC
⋅ FREQ + CHAN ⋅ (256 + CHANSPC _ M ) ⋅ 2 CHANSPC _ E −2
216
SWRS039B
))
Page 28 of 58
CC2550
With a 26 MHz crystal the maximum channel
spacing is 405 kHz. To get e.g. 1 MHz channel
spacing one solution is to use 333 kHz
channel spacing and select each third channel
in CHANNR.CHAN.
19
VCO
The VCO is completely integrated on-chip.
calibration is initiated when the SCAL
command strobe is activated in the IDLE
mode.
19.1 VCO and PLL Self-Calibration
The VCO characteristics will vary with
temperature and supply voltage changes, as
well as the desired operating frequency. In
order to ensure reliable operation, CC2550
includes frequency synthesizer self-calibration
circuitry. This calibration should be done
regularly, and must be performed after turning
on power and before using a new frequency
(or channel). The number of XOSC cycles for
completing the PLL calibration is given in
Table 18 on page 27.
The calibration can be initiated automatically
or manually. The synthesizer can be
automatically calibrated each time the
synthesizer is turned on, or each time the
synthesizer is turned off automatically. This is
configured with the MCSM0.FS_AUTOCAL
register setting. In manual mode, the
20
If any frequency programming register is
altered when the frequency synthesizer is
running, the synthesizer may give an
undesired response. Hence, the frequency
programming should only be updated when
the radio is in the IDLE state.
The calibration values are not maintained in
sleep mode. Therefore, the CC2550 must be
recalibrated
after
reprogramming
the
configuration registers when the chip has been
in the SLEEP state.
To check that the PLL is in lock the user can
program register IOCFGx.GDOx_CFG to 0x0A
and use the lock detector output available on
the GDOx pin as an interrupt for the MCU (x =
0 or 1). A positive transition on the GDOx pin
means that the PLL is in lock. As an alternative
the user can read register FSCAL1. The PLL is
in lock if the register content is different from
0x3F. Refer also to the CC2550 Errata Notes
[1]. For more robust operation the source code
could include a check so that the PLL is recalibrated until PLL lock is achieved if the PLL
does not lock the first time.
Voltage Regulators
CC2550 contains several on-chip linear voltage
regulators, which generate the supply voltage
needed by low-voltage modules. These
voltage regulators are invisible to the user, and
can be viewed as integral parts of the various
modules. The user must however make sure
that the absolute maximum ratings and
required pin voltages in Table 1 and Table 11
are not exceeded. The voltage regulator for
the digital core requires one external
decoupling capacitor.
If the chip is programmed to enter power-down
mode, (SPWD strobe issued), the power will be
turned off after CSn goes high. The power and
crystal oscillator will be turned on again when
CSn goes low.
The voltage regulator output should only be
used for driving the CC2550.
Setting the CSn pin low turns on the voltage
regulator to the digital core and starts the
crystal oscillator. The SO pin on the SPI
interface must go low before the first positive
edge of SCLK (setup time is given in Table 14).
SWRS039B
Page 29 of 58
CC2550
21
Output Power Programming
The RF output power level from the device has
two levels of programmability, as illustrated in
Figure 18.
The RF output power level from the device is
programmed through the PATABLE register.
•
•
If 2-FSK, GFSK or MSK modulation is
used the desired output power is
programmed to index 0 in the PATABLE
register (PATABLE(0)[7:0]). The 3-bit
FREND0.PA_POWER value shall be set to 0
(reset default value).
If OOK modulation is used the desired
output power for the logic 0 and logic 1
power levels are programmed to index 0
and index 1 in the PATABLE register
respectively (PATABLE(0)[7:0] and
PATABLE(1)[7:0]).
The
3-bit
FREND0.PA_POWER value shall be set to
1.
Table 20 contains recommended PATABLE
settings for various output levels and
frequency bands. See Section 10.6 on page
17 for PATABLE programming details. The
SmartRF® Studio software [4] should be used
to obtain optimum PATABLE settings for
various output powers.
PATABLE must be programmed in burst mode
if writing to other entries than PATABLE(0)
(OOK modulation). Note that all content of the
PATABLE is lost when entering the SLEEP
state.
Figure 18: PA_POWER and PATABLE
SWRS039B
Page 30 of 58
CC2550
PATABLE(7)[7:0]
The PA uses this
setting.
PATABLE(6)[7:0]
PATABLE(5)[7:0]
PATABLE(4)[7:0]
Settings 0 to PA_POWER are
used during ramp-up at start of
transmission and ramp-down at
end of transmission, and for
OOK modulation.
PATABLE(3)[7:0]
PATABLE(2)[7:0]
PATABLE(1)[7:0]
PATABLE(0)[7:0]
Index into PATABLE(7:0)
e.g 6
PA_POWER[2:0]
in FREND0 register
The SmartRF® Studio software
should be used to obtain optimum
PATABLE settings for various
output powers.
Figure 19: PA_POWER and PATABLE
Output Power, Typical,
o
+25 C, 3.0 V [dBm]
PATABLE
Value
Current Consumption,
Typical [mA]
(–55 or less)
0x00
8.0
–30
0x44
9.3
–28
0x41
9.2
–26
0x43
9.7
–24
0x84
9.8
–22
0x82
9.7
–20
0x47
10.0
–18
0xC8
11.6
–16
0x85
10.2
–14
0x59
11.6
–12
0xC6
11.2
–10
0x97
12.0
–8
0xD6
12.9
–6
0x7F
14.7
–4
0xA9
16.2
–2
0xBF
18.1
0
0xEE
19.4
1
0xFF
21.3
Table 20: Optimum PATABLE Settings for Various Output Power Levels
SWRS039B
Page 31 of 58
CC2550
22
Crystal Oscillator
A crystal in the frequency range 26-27 MHz
must be connected between the XOSC_Q1 and
XOSC_Q2 pins. The oscillator is designed for
parallel mode operation of the crystal. In
addition, loading capacitors (C51 and C71) for
the crystal are required. The loading capacitor
values depend on the total load capacitance,
CL, specified for the crystal. The total load
capacitance seen between the crystal
terminals should equal CL for the crystal to
oscillate at the specified frequency.
CL =
1
1
1
+
C 51 C 71
The crystal oscillator circuit is shown in Figure
20. Typical component values for different
values of CL are given in Table 21.
The crystal oscillator is amplitude regulated.
This means that a high current is used to start
up the oscillations. When the amplitude builds
up, the current is reduced to what is necessary
to maintain approximately 0.4 Vpp signal
swing. This ensures a fast start-up, and keeps
the drive level to a minimum. The ESR of the
crystal should be within the specification in
order to ensure a reliable start-up (see Section
4.3 on page 7).
+ C parasitic
XOSC_Q1
XTAL
The parasitic capacitance is constituted by pin
input capacitance and PCB stray capacitance.
Total parasitic capacitance is typically 2.5 pF.
Component
XOSC_Q2
C51
C71
Figure 20: Crystal Oscillator Circuit
CL= 10 pF
CL=13 pF
CL=16 pF
C51
15 pF
22 pF
27 pF
C71
15 pF
22 pF
27 pF
Table 21: Crystal Oscillator Component Values
22.1 Reference Signal
The chip can alternatively be operated with a
reference signal from 26 to 27 MHz instead of
a crystal. This input clock can either be a fullswing digital signal (0 V to VDD) or a sine
wave of maximum 1 V peak-peak amplitude.
The reference signal must be connected to the
23
XOSC_Q1 input. The sine wave must be
connected to XOSC_Q1 using a serial
capacitor. When using a full-swing digital
signal this capacitor can be omitted. The
XOSC_Q2 line must be left un-connected. C51
and C71 can be omitted when using a
reference signal
External RF Match
The balanced RF output of CC2550 is designed
for a simple, low-cost matching and balun
network on the printed circuit board. A few
passive external components ensure proper
matching.
Although CC2550 has a balanced RF output,
the chip can be connected to a single-ended
antenna with few external low cost capacitors
and inductors.
differential impedance as seen from the RFport (RF_P and RF_N) towards the antenna:
Zout = 80 + j74 Ω
To ensure optimal matching of the CC2550
differential output it is highly recommended to
follow the CC2550EM reference design [3] as
closely as possible. Gerber files for the
reference designs are available for download
from the TI website.
The
passive
matching/filtering
network
connected to CC2550 should have the following
SWRS039B
Page 32 of 58
CC2550
24
PCB Layout Recommendations
The top layer should be used for signal
routing, and the open areas should be filled
with metallization connected to ground using
several vias.
The area under the chip is used for grounding
and shall be connected to the bottom ground
plane with several vias for good thermal
performance and sufficiently low inductance to
ground. In the CC2550EM reference designs
[3] 5 vias are placed inside the exposed die
attached pad. These vias should be “tented”
(covered with solder mask) on the component
side of the PCB to avoid migration of solder
through the vias during the solder reflow
process.
The solder paste coverage should not be
100%. If it is, out gassing may occur during the
reflow process, which may cause defects
(splattering, solder balling). Using “tented” vias
reduces the solder paste coverage below
100%.
See Figure 21 for top solder resist and top
paste masks. See Figure 24 for recommended
PCB layout for QLP 16 package.
Each decoupling capacitor should be placed
as close as possible to the supply pin it is
supposed to decouple. Each decoupling
capacitor should be connected to the power
line by separate vias. The best routing is from
the power line to the decoupling capacitor and
then to the CC2550 supply pin. Supply power
filtering is very important.
Each decoupling capacitor ground pad should
be connected to the ground plane using a
separate via. Direct connections between
neighboring power pins will increase noise
coupling and should be avoided unless
absolutely necessary.
The external components should ideally be as
small as possible (0402 is recommended) and
surface
mount
devices
are
highly
recommended. Please note that components
smaller than those specified may have
differing characteristics.
Precaution should be used when placing the
microcontroller in order to avoid noise
interfering with the RF circuitry.
A CC2500/2550DK Development Kit with a
fully assembled CC2550EM Evaluation
Module is available. It is strongly advised that
this reference layout is followed very closely in
order to get the best performance. The
schematic, BOM and layout Gerber files are all
available from the TI website [3].
Figure 21: Left: Top Paste Mask. Right: Top Solder Resist Mask (negative). Circles are Vias.
25
General Purpose / Test Output Control Pins
The two digital output pins GDO0 and GDO1 are
general
control
pins
configured
with
IOCFG0.GDO0_CFG
and
IOCFG1.GDO1_CFG respectively. Table 22
shows the different signals that can be
monitored on the GDO pins. These signals can
be used as inputs to the MCU. GDO1 is the
same pin as the SO pin on the SPI interface,
SWRS039B
thus the output programmed on this pin will
only be valid when CSn is high. The default
value for GDO1 is 3-stated, which is useful
when the SPI interface is shared with other
devices.
The default value for GDO0 is a 135-141 kHz
clock output (XOSC frequency divided by 192).
Since the XOSC is turned on at power-onPage 33 of 58
CC2550
reset, this can be used to clock the MCU in
systems with only one crystal. When the MCU
is up and running, it can change the clock
frequency by writing to IOCFG0.GDO0_CFG.
IOCFG0.GDO0_CFG register. The voltage on
the GDO0 pin is then proportional to
temperature. See Section 4.5 on page 8 for
temperature sensor specifications.
An on-chip analog temperature sensor is
enabled by writing the value 128 (0x80) to the
In SLEEP mode, GDO1 will be hardwired to 1
and GDO0 will be high impedance.
GDOx_CFG[5:0]
0 (0x00)
1 (0x01)
2 (0x02)
3 (0x03)
4 (0x04)
5 (0x05)
6 (0x06)
7 (0x07)
to
9 (0x09)
10 (0x0A)
11 (0x0B)
12 (0x0C)
to
40 (0x28)
41 (0x29)
42 (0x2A)
43 (0x2B)
44 (0x2C)
45 (0x2D)
46 (0x2E)
47 (0x2F)
48 (0x30)
49 (0x31)
50 (0x32)
51 (0x33)
52 (0x34)
53 (0x35)
54 (0x36)
55 (0x37)
56 (0x38)
57 (0x39)
58 (0x3A)
59 (0x3B)
60 (0x3C)
61 (0x3D)
62 (0x3E)
63 (0x3F)
Description
Reserved – defined in the transceiver version.
Reserved – defined in the transceiver version.
Associated to the TX FIFO: Asserts when the TX FIFO is filled at or above the TX FIFO threshold. De-asserts when the
TX FIFO is below the same threshold.
Associated to the TX FIFO: Asserts when TX FIFO is full. De-asserts when the TX FIFO is drained below theTX FIFO
threshold.
Reserved – defined in the transceiver version.
Asserts when the TX FIFO has underflowed. De-asserts when the FIFO is flushed.
Asserts when sync word has been sent, and de-asserts at the end of the packet. The pin will also de-assert if the TX
FIFO underflows.
Reserved
Lock detector output. The PLL is in lock if the lock detector output has a positive transition or is constantly logic high. To
check for PLL lock the lock detector output should be used as an interrupt for the MCU.
Serial Clock. Synchronous to the data in synchronous serial mode.
In TX mode, data is sampled by CC2550 on the rising edge of the serial clock when GDOx_INV=0.
Reserved – used for test.
CHIP_RDY
Reserved – used for test.
XOSC_STABLE
Reserved – used for test.
GDO0_Z_EN_N. When this output is 0, GDO0 is configured as input (for serial TX data).
High impedance (3-state)
HW to 0 (HW1 achieved with _INV signal). Can be used to control an external PA
CLK_XOSC/1
CLK_XOSC/1.5
CLK_XOSC/2
CLK_XOSC/3
CLK_XOSC/4
CLK_XOSC/6
CLK_XOSC/8
Note: There are 2 GDO pins, but only one CLK_XOSC/n can be selected as an output at any
CLK_XOSC/12
time. If CLK_XOSC/n is to be monitored on one of the GDO pins, the other GDO pin must be
CLK_XOSC/16
configured to a value less than 0x30. The GDO0 default value is CLK_XOSC/192.
CLK_XOSC/24
CLK_XOSC/32
CLK_XOSC/48
CLK_XOSC/64
CLK_XOSC/96
CLK_XOSC/128
CLK_XOSC/192
Table 22: GDOx Signal Selection (x = 0 or 1)
26
Asynchronous and Synchronous Serial Operation
Several features and modes of operation have
been included in the CC2550 to provide
backward compatibility with previous Chipcon
products and other existing RF communication
systems. For new systems, it is recommended
to use the built-in packet handling features, as
they can give more robust communication,
SWRS039B
significantly offload the microcontroller and
simplify software development.
26.1 Asynchronous Operation
For backward compatibility with systems
already using the asynchronous data transfer
from other Chipcon products, asynchronous
Page 34 of 58
CC2550
transfer is also included in CC2550. When
asynchronous transfer is enabled, several of
the support mechanisms for the MCU that are
included in CC2550 will be disabled, such as
packet handling hardware, buffering in the
FIFO and so on. The asynchronous transfer
mode does not allow the use of the data
whitener, interleaver and FEC, and it is not
possible to use Manchester encoding.
Note that MSK is
asynchronous transfer.
not
supported
Setting
PKTCTRL0.PKT_FORMAT
enables asynchronous serial mode.
to
for
3
The GDO0 pin is used for data input (TX data).
The CC2550 modulator samples the level of the
asynchronous input 8 times faster than the
programmed data rate. The timing requirement
for the asynchronous stream is that the error in
the bit period must be less than one eighth of
the programmed data rate.
the synchronous mode, data is transferred on
a two wire serial interface. The CC2550
provides a clock that is used to set up new
data on the data input line. Data input (TX
data) is the GDO0 pin. This pin will
automatically be configured as an input when
TX is active.
Preamble and sync word insertion may or may
not be active, dependent on the sync mode set
by the MDMCFG3.SYNC_MODE. If preamble and
sync word is disabled, all other packet handler
features and FEC should also be disabled.
The MCU must then handle preamble and
sync word insertion in software. If preamble
and sync word insertion is left on, all packet
handling features and FEC can be used.
When using the packet handling features in
synchronous serial mode, the CC2550 will
insert the preamble and sync word and the
MCU will only provide the data payload. This is
equivalent to the recommended FIFO
operation mode.
26.2 Synchronous Serial Operation
Setting
PKTCTRL0.PKT_FORMAT
to
1
enables synchronous serial operation mode. In
27 System considerations and Guidelines
27.1 SRD Regulations
International regulations and national laws
regulate the use of radio receivers and
transmitters. The most important regulations
for the 2.4 Ghz band are EN 300 440 and EN
300 328 (Europe), FCC CFR47 part 15.247
and 15.249 (USA), and ARIB STD-T66
(Japan). A summary of the most important
aspects of these regulations can be found in
Application Note AN032 [2].
Please note that compliance with regulations
is
dependent
on
complete
system
performance. It is the customer’s responsibility
to ensure that the system complies with
regulations.
27.2 Frequency Hopping
Channel Systems
and
Multi-
The 2.400 – 2.4835 GHz band is shared by
many systems both in industrial, office and
home
environments.
It
is
therefore
recommended to use frequency hopping
spread spectrum (FHSS) or a multi-channel
protocol because the frequency diversity
SWRS039B
makes the system more robust with respect to
interference from other systems operating in
the same frequency band. FHSS also combats
multipath fading.
CC2550 is highly suited for FHSS or multichannel systems due to its agile frequency
synthesizer and effective communication
interface. Using the packet handling support
and data buffering is also beneficial in such
systems as these features will significantly
offload the host controller.
Charge pump current, VCO current and VCO
capacitance array calibration data is required
for each frequency when implementing
frequency hopping for CC2550. There are 3
ways of obtaining the calibration data from the
chip:
1) Frequency hopping with calibration for each
hop. The PLL calibration time is approximately
720 µs. The blanking interval between each
frequency hop is then approximately 810 us.
2) Fast frequency hopping without calibration
for each hop can be done by calibrating each
frequency at startup and saving the resulting
Page 35 of 58
CC2550
FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values
in MCU memory. Between each frequency
hop, the calibration process can then be
replaced by writing the FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and
FSCAL1 register values corresponding to the
next RF frequency. The PLL turn on time is
approximately 90 µs. The blanking interval
between each frequency hop is then
approximately 90 us. The VCO current
calibration result is available in FSCAL2 and is
not dependent on the RF frequency. Neither is
the charge pump current calibration result
available in FSCAL3. The same value can
therefore be used for all frequencies.
3) Run calibration on a single frequency at
startup. Next write 0 to FSCAL3[5:4] to
disable the charge pump calibration. After
writing to FSCAL3[5:4] strobe STX with
MCSM0.FS_AUTOCAL=1
for
each
new
frequency hop. That is, VCO current and VCO
capacitance calibration is done but not charge
pump current calibration. When charge pump
current calibration is disabled the calibration
time is reduced from approximately 720 µs to
approximately 150 µs. The blanking interval
between each frequency hop is then
approximately 240 us
There is a trade off between blanking time and
memory space needed for storing calibration
data in non-volatile memory. Solution 2) above
gives the shortest blanking interval, but
requires more memory space to store
calibration
values.
Solution
3)
gives
approximately 570 µs smaller blanking interval
than solution 1).
27.4 Data Burst Transmissions
The high maximum data rate of CC2550 opens
up for burst transmissions. A low average data
rate link (e.g. 10 kBaud), can be realized using
a higher over-the-air data rate. Buffering the
data and transmitting in bursts at high data
rate (e.g. 500 kBaud) will reduce the time in
TX mode, and hence also reduce the average
current consumption significantly. Reducing
the time in TX mode will reduce the likelihood
of collisions with other systems, e.g. WLAN.
27.5 Continuous Transmissions
In data streaming applications the CC2550
opens up for continuous transmissions at 500
kBaud effective data rate. As the modulation is
done with a closed loop PLL, there is no
limitation in the length of a transmission (open
loop modulation used in some transceivers
often prevents this kind of continuous data
streaming and reduces the effective data rate.)
27.6 Spectrum Efficient Modulation
CC2500 also has the possibility to use
Gaussian shaped 2-FSK (GFSK). This
spectrum-shaping feature improves adjacent
channel
power
(ACP)
and
occupied
bandwidth. In ‘true’ 2-FSK systems with abrupt
frequency shifting, the spectrum is inherently
broad. By making the frequency shift ‘softer’,
the spectrum can be made significantly
narrower. Thus, higher data rates can be
transmitted in the same bandwidth using
GFSK.
27.7 Low Cost Systems
27.3 Wideband Modulation
Spread Spectrum
not
Using
Digital modulation systems under FCC part
15.247 includes 2-FSK and GFSK modulation.
A maximum peak output power of 1 W (+30
dBm) is allowed if the 6 dB bandwidth of the
modulated signal exceeds 500 kHz. In
addition, the peak power spectral density
conducted to the antenna shall not be greater
than +8 dBm in any 3 kHz band.
Operating at high data rates and high
frequency separation, the CC2550 is suited for
systems targeting compliance with digital
modulation systems as defined by FCC part
15.247. An external power amplifier is needed
to increase the output above +1 dBm.
A differential antenna will eliminate the need
for a balun, and the DC biasing can be
achieved in the antenna topology, see Figure
3. The CC25XX Folded Dipole reference
design [7] contains schematics and layout files
for a CC2500EM with a folded dipole PCB
antenna. This design note can also be used
with the CC2550. Please see DN004 [8] for
more details on this design.
A HC-49 type SMD crystal is used in the
CC2550EM reference design. Note that the
crystal package strongly influences the price.
In a size constrained PCB design a smaller,
but more expensive, crystal may be used.
27.8 Battery Operated Systems
In low power applications, the SLEEP state
should be used when the CC2550 is not active.
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Page 36 of 58
CC2550
27.9 Increasing Output Power
In some applications it may be necessary to
extend the link range by adding an external
power amplifier.
The power amplifier should be inserted
between the antenna and the balun as shown
in Figure 22.
Figure 22: Block Diagram of CC2550 Usage with External Power Amplifier
28
Configuration Registers
The configuration of CC2550 is done by
programming 8-bit registers. The optimum
configuration data based on selected system
parameters are most easily found by using the
SmartRF® Studio software [4]. Complete
descriptions of the registers are given in the
following tables. After chip reset, all the
registers have default values as shown in the
tables. The optimum register setting might
differ from the default value. After a reset all
registers that shall be different from the default
value therefore needs to be programmed
through the SPI interface.
There are 9 command strobe registers, listed
in Table 23. Accessing these registers will
initiate the change of an internal state or
mode. There are 29 normal 8-bit configuration
registers, listed in Table 24. Some of these
registers are for test purposes only, and need
not be written for normal operation of CC2550.
There are also 6 status registers, which are
listed in Table 25. These registers, which are
read-only, contain information about the status
of CC2550.
SWRS039B
The TX FIFO is accessed through one 8-bit
register. Only write operations are allowed to
the TX FIFO.
During the header byte transfer and while
writing data to a register or the TX FIFO, a
status byte is returned on the SO line. This
status byte is described in Table 15 on page
16.
Table 26 summarizes the SPI address space.
Registers that are only defined in the CC2500
transceiver are also listed. CC2500 and CC2550
are register compatible, but registers and fields
only implemented in the transceiver always
contain 0 in CC2550. The address to use is
given by adding the base address to the left
and the burst and R/W bits on the top. Note
that the burst bit has different meaning for
base addresses above and below 0x2F.
Note that all registers, (with the exception of
the MSCM0.PO_TIMEOUT field) will lose their
content in SLEEP mode.
Page 37 of 58
CC2550
Address
Strobe Name
Description
0x30
SRES
Reset chip.
0x31
SFSTXON
0x32
SXOFF
0x33
SCAL
0x35
STX
0x36
SIDLE
Exit TX and turn off frequency synthesizer.
0x39
SPWD
Enter power down mode when CSn goes high.
0x3B
SFTX
Flush the TX FIFO buffer.
0x3D
SNOP
No operation. May be used to get access to the chip status byte.
Enable and calibrate frequency synthesizer (if MCSM0.FS_AUTOCAL=1).
Turn off crystal oscillator.
Calibrate frequency synthesizer and turn it off (enables quick start). SCAL can be strobed in
IDLE state without setting manual calibration mode (MCSM0.FS_AUTOCAL=0).
Enable TX. Perform calibration first if MCSM0.FS_AUTOCAL=1.
Table 23: Command Strobes
SWRS039B
Page 38 of 58
CC2550
Address
Register
Description
Details on Page Number
0x01
IOCFG1
GDO1 output pin configuration
41
0x02
IOCFG0
GDO0 output pin configuration
41
0x03
FIFOTHR
FIFO threshold
41
0x04
SYNC1
Sync word, high byte
42
0x05
SYNC0
Sync word, low byte
42
0x06
PKTLEN
Packet length
42
0x08
PKTCTRL0
Packet automation control
42
0x0A
CHANNR
Channel number
43
0x0D
FREQ2
Frequency control word, high byte
43
0x0E
FREQ1
Frequency control word, middle byte
43
0x0F
FREQ0
Frequency control word, low byte
43
0x10
MDMCFG4
Modulator configuration
43
0x11
MDMCFG3
Modulator configuration
43
0x12
MDMCFG2
Modulator configuration
44
0x13
MDMCFG1
Modulator configuration
45
0x14
MDMCFG0
Modulator configuration
45
0x15
DEVIATN
Modulator deviation setting
46
0x17
MCSM1
Main Radio Control State Machine configuration
46
0x18
MCSM0
Main Radio Control State Machine configuration
47
0x22
FREND0
Front end TX configuration
47
0x23
FSCAL3
Frequency synthesizer calibration
48
0x24
FSCAL2
Frequency synthesizer calibration
48
0x25
FSCAL1
Frequency synthesizer calibration
48
0x26
FSCAL0
Frequency synthesizer calibration
48
0x29
FSTEST
Frequency synthesizer calibration control
49
0x2A
PTEST
Production test
49
0x2C
TEST2
Various test settings
49
0x2D
TEST1
Various test settings
49
0x2E
TEST0
Various test settings
49
Table 24: Configuration Registers Overview
Address
Register
0x30 (0xF0)
PARTNUM
CC2550 part number
49
0x31 (0xF1)
VERSION
Current version number
49
0x35 (0xF5)
MARCSTATE
0x38 (0xF8)
PKTSTATUS
0x39 (0xF9)
VCO_VC_DAC
0x3A (0xFA)
TXBYTES
Description
Details on Page Number
Control state machine state
50
Current GDOx status and packet status
50
Current setting from PLL calibration module
51
Underflow and number of bytes in the TX FIFO
51
Table 25: Status Registers Overview
SWRS039B
Page 39 of 58
CC2550
Write
Read
Single byte
+0x80
0x00
0x01
0x02
0x03
0x04
0x05
0x06
0x07
0x08
0x09
0x0A
0x0B
0x0C
0x0D
0x0E
0x0F
0x10
0x11
0x12
0x13
0x14
0x15
0x16
Reserved
IOCFG1
IOCFG0
FIFOTHR
SYNC1
SYNC0
PKTLEN
Reserved
PKTCTRL0
Reserved
CHANNR
Reserved
Reserved
FREQ2
FREQ1
FREQ0
MDMCFG4
MDMCFG3
MDMCFG2
MDMCFG1
MDMCFG0
DEVIATN
Reserved
0x17
0x18
0x19
0x1A
0x1B
0x1C
0x1D
0x1E
0x1F
0x20
0x21
0x22
0x23
0x24
0x25
0x26
0x27
0x28
0x29
0x2A
0x2B
0x2C
0x2D
0x2E
0x2F
0x30
0x31
0x32
MCSM1
MCSM0
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
FREND0
FSCAL3
FSCAL2
FSCAL1
FSCAL0
Reserved
Reserved
FSTEST
PTEST
Reserved
TEST2
TEST1
TEST0
0x33
0x34
0x35
0x36
0x37
0x38
0x39
0x3A
0x3B
0x3C
0x3D
0x3E
0x3F
Burst
+0xC0
R/W configuration registers, burst access possible
Burst
+0x40
SRES
SFSTXON
SXOFF
SRES
SFSTXON
SXOFF
PARTNUM
VERSION
FREQEST
SCAL
Reserved
STX
SIDLE
SCAL
Reserved
STX
SIDLE
Reserved
SPWD
Reserved
SFTX
Reserved
SNOP
PATABLE
TX FIFO
Reserved
SPWD
Reserved
SFTX
Reserved
SNOP
Reserved
RX FIFO
Reserved
Reserved
MARCSTATE
Reserved
Reserved
PKTSTATUS
VCO_VC_DAC
TXBYTES
Reserved
PATABLE
TX FIFO
Reserved
RX FIFO
Command strobes, status registers (read only)
and multi byte registers
Single byte
+0x00
Table 26: SPI Address Space
SWRS039B
Page 40 of 58
CC2550
28.1 Configuration Register Details
0x01: IOCFG1 – GDO1 Output Pin Configuration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7
GDO_DS
0
R/W
Set high (1) or low (0) output drive strength on the
GDO pins.
6
GDO1_INV
0
R/W
Invert output, i.e. select active low (1) / high (0)
5:0
GDO1_CFG[5:0]
46 (0x2E)
R/W
Default is 3-state (see Table 22 on page 34)
0x02: IOCFG0 – GDO0 Output Pin Configuration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7
TEMP_SENSOR_ENABLE
0
R/W
Enable analog temperature sensor. Write 0 in all
other register bits when using temperature sensor.
Note: PTEST must be written to 0xBF to make the
on-chip temperature sensor available in the IDLE
state.
6
GDO0_INV
0
R/W
Invert output, i.e. select active low (1) / high (0)
5:0
GDO0_CFG[5:0]
63 (0x3F)
R/W
Default is CLK_XOSC/192 (see Table 22on page 34)
0x03: FIFOTHR – TX FIFO Threshold
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:4
Reserved
0 (0000)
R/W
Write 0 (0000) for compatibility with possible future
extensions
3:0
FIFO_THR[3:0]
7 (0111)
R/W
Set the threshold for the TX FIFO. The threshold is
exceeded when the number of bytes in the FIFO is equal to
or higher than the threshold value.
Setting
Bytes in TX FIFO
0 (0000)
61
1 (0001)
57
2 (0010)
53
3 (0011)
49
4 (0100)
45
5 (0101)
41
6 (0110)
37
7 (0111)
33
8 (1000)
29
9 (1001)
25
10 (1010)
21
11 (1011)
17
12 (1100)
13
13 (1101)
9
14 (1110)
5
15 (1111)
1
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Page 41 of 58
CC2550
0x04: SYNC1– Sync Word, High Byte
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
SYNC[15:8]
211 (0xD3)
R/W
8 MSB of 16-bit sync word
0x05: SYNC0 – Sync Word, Low Byte
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
SYNC[7:0]
145 (0x91)
R/W
8 LSB of 16-bit sync word
0x06: PKTLEN – Packet Length
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
PACKET_LENGTH
255 (0xFF)
R/W
Indicates the packet length when fixed packet length
is enabled.
0x08: PKTCTRL0 – Packet Automation Control
Bit
Field Name
7
Reserved
6
WHITE_DATA
Reset
R/W
Description
R0
1
R/W
Turn data whitening on / off
0: Whitening off
1: Whitening on
Data whitening can only be used when
PKTCTRL0.CC2400_EN=0 (default).
5:4
3
PKT_FORMAT[1:0]
CC2400_EN
0 (00)
0
R/W
R/W
Format of TX data
Setting
Packet format
0 (00)
Normal mode, use TX FIFO
1 (01)
Synchronous serial mode, used for backwards
compatibility
2 (10)
Random TX mode; sends random data using PN9
generator. Used for test.
3 (11)
Asynchronous serial mode. Data in on GDO0.
Enable CC2400 support. Use same CRC implementation as
CC2400.
PKTCTRL0.WHITE_DATA must be 0 if
PKTCTRL0.CC2400_EN=1.
2
CRC_EN
1
R/W
1: CRC calculation enabled
0: CRC disabled
1:0
LENGTH_CONFIG[1:0]
1 (01)
R/W
Configure the packet length
Setting
Packet length configuration
0 (00)
Fixed packet length mode. Length configured in
PKTLEN register
1 (01)
Variable packet length mode. Length configured
by the first byte after sync word
2 (10)
Infinite packet length mode
3 (11)
Reserved
SWRS039B
Page 42 of 58
CC2550
0x0A: CHANNR – Channel Number
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
CHAN[7:0]
0 (0x00)
R/W
The 8-bit unsigned channel number, which is multiplied by
the channel spacing setting and added to the base
frequency.
0x0D: FREQ2 – Frequency Control Word, High Byte
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:6
FREQ[23:22]
1 (01)
R
FREQ[23:22] is always binary 01 (the FREQ2 register is in the range
85 to 95 with 26-27 MHz crystal)
5:0
FREQ[21:16]
30
(0x1E)
R/W
FREQ[23:0] is the base frequency for the frequency synthesiser in
16
increments of FXOSC/2 .
f carrier =
f XOSC
⋅ FREQ [23 : 0]
216
0x0E: FREQ1 – Frequency Control Word, Middle Byte
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
FREQ[15:8]
196 (0xC4)
R/W
Ref. FREQ2 register
0x0F: FREQ0 – Frequency Control Word, Low Byte
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
FREQ[7:0]
236 (0xEC)
R/W
Ref. FREQ2 register
0x10: MDMCFG4 – Modulator Configuration
Bit
Field Name
7:4
Reserved
3:0
DRATE_E[3:0]
Reset
12 (1100)
R/W
Description
R0
Defined in the transceiver version
R/W
The exponent of the user specified symbol rate
0x11: MDMCFG3 – Modulator Configuration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
DRATE_M[7:0]
34 (0x22)
R/W
The mantissa of the user specified symbol rate. The symbol
rate is configured using an unsigned, floating-point number
th
with 9-bit mantissa and 4-bit exponent. The 9 bit is a
hidden ‘1’. The resulting data rate is:
RDATA =
(256 + DRATE _ M ) ⋅ 2 DRATE _ E ⋅ f
2 28
XOSC
The default values give a data rate of 115.051 kBaud
(closest setting to 115.2 kBaud), assuming a 26.0 MHz
crystal.
SWRS039B
Page 43 of 58
CC2550
0x12: MDMCFG2 – Modulator Configuration
Bit
Field Name
7
Reserved
6:4
MOD_FORMAT[2:0]
Reset
R/W
Description
R0
1 (001)
R/W
The modulation format of the radio signal
Setting
3
MANCHESTER_EN
0
R/W
Modulation format
0 (000)
2-FSK
1 (001)
GFSK
2 (010)
-
3 (011)
OOK
4 (100)
-
5 (101)
-
6 (110)
-
7 (111)
MSK
Enables Manchester encoding
0 = Disable
1 = Enable (Only supported for fixed packet length
mode, i.e. PKTCTRL0.LENGTH_CONFIG=0)
2:0
SYNC_MODE[2:0]
2 (010)
R/W
Sync-word mode.
Setting
Sync-word mode
0 (000)
Disable preamble and sync word
transmission
1 (001)
Enable 16-bit sync word transmission
2 (010)
Enable 16-bit sync word transmission
3 (011)
Repeated sync word transmission
4 (100)
Disable preamble and sync word
transmission
5 (101)
Enable 16-bit sync word transmission
6 (110)
Enable 16-bit sync word transmission
7 (111)
Repeated sync word transmission
SWRS039B
Page 44 of 58
CC2550
0x13: MDMCFG1 – Modulator Configuration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7
FEC_EN
0
R/W
Enable Forward Error Correction (FEC) with interleaving for
packet payload
0 = Disable
1 = Enable
6:4
NUM_PREAMBLE[2:0]
3:2
Reserved
1:0
CHANSPC_E[1:0]
2 (010)
R/W
Sets the minimum number of preamble bytes to be
transmitted
Setting
Number of preamble bytes
0 (000)
2
1 (001)
3
2 (010)
4
3 (011)
6
4 (100)
8
5 (101)
12
6 (110)
16
7 (111)
24
R0
2 (10)
R/W
2 bit exponent of channel spacing
0x14: MDMCFG0 – Modulator Configuration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
CHANSPC_M[7:0]
248 (0xF8)
R/W
8-bit mantissa of channel spacing (initial 1 assumed). The
channel spacing is multiplied by the channel number CHAN and
added to the base frequency. It is unsigned and has the format:
∆f CHANNEL =
f XOSC
⋅ (256 + CHANSPC _ M ) ⋅ 2 CHANSPC _ E ⋅ CHAN
218
The default values give 199.951 kHz channel spacing (the
closest setting to 200 kHz), assuming 26.0 MHz crystal
frequency.
SWRS039B
Page 45 of 58
CC2550
0x15: DEVIATN – Modulator Deviation Setting
Bit
Field Name
7
Reserved
6:4
DEVIATION_E[2:0]
3
Reserved
2:0
DEVIATION_M[2:0]
Reset
R/W
Description
R0
4 (100)
R/W
Deviation exponent
R0
7 (111)
R/W
When MSK modulation is enabled:
Sets fraction of symbol period used for phase change. Refer
to the SmartRF® Studio software [4] for correct DEVIATN
setting when using MSK.
When 2-FSK/GFSK modulation is enabled:
Deviation mantissa, interpreted as a 4-bit value with MSB
implicit 1. The resulting deviation is given by:
f dev =
f xosc
⋅ (8 + DEVIATION _ M ) ⋅ 2 DEVIATION _ E
217
The default values give ±47.607 kHz deviation, assuming
26.0 MHz crystal frequency.
0x17: MCSM1 – Main Radio Control State Machine Configuration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
7:6
Reserved
R0
5:2
Reserved
R0
Defined in the transceiver version
1:0
TXOFF_MODE[1:0]
R/W
Select what should happen when a packet has been sent
(TX)
0 (00)
R/W
Description
Setting
Next state after finishing packet transmission
0 (00)
IDLE
1 (01)
FSTXON
2 (10)
Stay in TX (start sending preamble)
3 (11)
Do not use, not implemented in CC2550
(Go to RX)
SWRS039B
Page 46 of 58
CC2550
0x18: MCSM0 – Main Radio Control State Machine Configuration
Bit
Field Name
7:6
Reserved
5:4
FS_AUTOCAL[1:0]
Reset
R/W
Description
R0
0 (00)
R/W
Automatically calibrate when going to TX or back to IDLE
Setting
3:2
PO_TIMEOUT
2 (10)
R/W
When to perform automatic calibration
0 (00)
Never (manually calibrate using SCAL strobe)
1 (01)
When going from IDLE to TX (or FSTXON)
2 (10)
When going from TX back to IDLE
3 (11)
Every 4 time when going from TX to IDLE
th
Programs the number of times the six-bit ripple counter must expire
after XOSC has stabilized before CHP_RDYn goes low.
If XOSC is on (stable) during power-down, PO_TIMEOUT should
be set so that the regulated digital supply voltage has time to
stabilize before CHP_RDYn goes low (PO_TIMEOUT=2
recommended). Typical start-up time for the voltage regulator is 50
us.
If XOSC is off during power-down and the regulated digital supply
voltage has sufficient time to stabilize while waiting for the crystal to
be stable, PO_TIMEOUT can be set to 0. For robust operation it is
recommended to use PO_TIMEOUT=2.
Setting
Expire count
Timeout after XOSC start
0 (00)
1
Approx. 2.3 – 2.4 µs
1 (01)
16
Approx. 37 – 39 µs
2 (10)
64
Approx. 149 – 155 µs
3 (11)
256
Approx. 597 – 620 µs
Exact timeout depends on crystal frequency.
In order to reduce start up time from the SLEEP state, this field is
preserved in powerdown (SLEEP state).
1:0
Reserved
R0
Defined in the transceiver version
0x22: FREND0 – Front End TX Configuration
Bit
Field Name
7:6
Reserved
5:4
LODIV_BUF_CURRENT_TX[1:0]
3
Reserved
2:0
PA_POWER[2:0]
Reset
R/W
Description
R0
1 (01)
R/W
Adjusts current TX LO buffer (input to PA). The
value to use in this field is given by the SmartRF®
Studio software [4].
R0
0 (000)
R/W
Selects PA power setting. This value is an index to
the PATABLE. In OOK mode, this selects the
PATABLE index to use when transmitting a ‘1’.
PATABLE index zero is used in OOK when
transmitting a ‘0’.
SWRS039B
Page 47 of 58
CC2550
0x23: FSCAL3 – Frequency Synthesizer Calibration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:6
FSCAL3[7:6]
2 (10)
R/W
Frequency synthesizer calibration configuration. The value to write
in this register before calibration is given by the SmartRF® Studio
software [4].
5:4
CHP_CURR_CAL_EN[1:0]
2 (10)
R/W
Disable charge pump calibration stage when 0
3:0
FSCAL3[3:0]
9
(1001)
R/W
Frequency synthesizer calibration result register. Digital bit vector
defining the charge pump output current, on an exponential scale:
FSCAL3[3:0]/4
IOUT=I0·2
Fast frequency hopping without calibration for each hop can be
done by calibrating upfront for each frequency and saving the
resulting FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values. Between
each frequency hop, calibration can be replaced by writing the
FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values corresponding to
the next RF frequency.
0x24: FSCAL2 – Frequency Synthesizer Calibration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:6
Reserved
5
VCO_CORE_H_EN
0
R/W
Choose high (1) / low (0) VCO
4:0
FSCAL2[5:0]
10
(0x0A)
R/W
Frequency synthesizer calibration result register. VCO current
calibration result and override value
Fast frequency hopping without calibration for each hop can be
done by calibrating upfront for each frequency and saving the
resulting FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values. Between
each frequency hop, calibration can be replaced by writing the
FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values corresponding to
the next RF frequency.
R0
0x25: FSCAL1 – Frequency Synthesizer Calibration
Bit
Field Name
7:6
Reserved
5:0
FSCAL1[5:0]
Reset
R/W
Description
R0
32
(0x20)
R/W
Frequency synthesizer calibration result register. Capacitor array
setting for VCO coarse tuning.
Fast frequency hopping without calibration for each hop can be
done by calibrating upfront for each frequency and saving the
resulting FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values. Between
each frequency hop, calibration can be replaced by writing the
FSCAL3, FSCAL2 and FSCAL1 register values corresponding to
the next RF frequency.
0x26: FSCAL0 – Frequency Synthesizer Calibration
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7
Reserved
6:5
Reserved
0 (00)
R0
Defined in the transceiver version
4:0
FSCAL0[4:0]
13
(0x0D)
R/W
Frequency synthesizer calibration control. The value to use in
register field is given by the SmartRF® Studio software [4].
R0
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CC2550
0x29: FSTEST – Frequency Synthesizer Calibration Control
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
FSTEST[7:0]
87
(0x57)
R/W
For test only. Do not write to this register.
0x2A: PTEST – Production Test
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7
PTEST[7:0]
127
(0x7F)
R/W
Writing 0xBF to this register makes the on-chip temperature sensor
available in the IDLE state. The default 0x7F value should then be
written back before leaving the IDLE state.
Other use of this register is for test only.
0x2C: TEST2 – Various Test Settings
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
TEST2[7:0]
152
(0x98)
R/W
The value to use in this register is given by the SmartRF® Studio
software [4].
0x2D: TEST1 – Various Test Settings
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
TEST1[7:0]
49 (0x31)
R/W
The value to use in this register is given by the SmartRF®
Studio software [4].
0x2E: TEST0 – Various Test Settings
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:2
TEST0[7:2]
2 (0x02)
R/W
The value to use in this register is given by the SmartRF®
Studio software [4].
1
VCO_SEL_CAL_EN
1
R/W
Enable VCO selection calibration stage when 1
0
TEST0[0]
1
R/W
The value to use in this register is given by the SmartRF®
Studio software [4].
28.2 Status Register Details
0x30 (0xF0): PARTNUM – Chip ID
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
PARTNUM[7:0]
130 (0x82)
R
Chip part number
0x31 (0xF1): VERSION – Chip ID
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
Description
7:0
VERSION[7:0]
2 (0x02)
R
Chip version number
SWRS039B
Page 49 of 58
CC2550
0x35 (0xF5): MARCSTATE – Main Radio Control State Machine State
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
7:5
Reserved
R0
4:0
MARC_STATE[4:0]
R
Description
Main Radio Control FSM State
Value
State name
State (Figure 13, page 25)
0 (0x00)
SLEEP
SLEEP
1 (0x01)
IDLE
IDLE
2 (0x02)
XOFF
XOFF
3 (0x03)
VCOON_MC
MANCAL
4 (0x04)
REGON_MC
MANCAL
5 (0x05)
MANCAL
MANCAL
6 (0x06)
VCOON
FS_WAKEUP
7 (0x07)
REGON
FS_WAKEUP
8 (0x08)
STARTCAL
CALIBRATE
9 (0x09)
BWBOOST
SETTLING
10 (0x0A)
FS_LOCK
SETTLING
11 (0x0B)
IFADCON
SETTLING
12 (0x0C)
ENDCAL
CALIBRATE
13 (0x0D)
NA
NA
14 (0x0E)
NA
NA
15 (0x0F)
NA
NA
16 (0x10)
NA
NA
17 (0x11)
NA
NA
18 (0x12)
FSTXON
FSTXON
19 (0x13)
TX
TX
20 (0x14)
TX_END
TX
21 (0x15)
NA
NA
22 (0x16)
TX_UNDERFLOW
TX_UNDERFLOW
Note: it is not possible to read back the SLEEP or XOFF state
numbers because setting CSn low will make the chip enter the
IDLE mode from the SLEEP or XOFF states.
0x38 (0xF8): PKTSTATUS – Current GDOx Status and Packet Status
Bit
Field Name
7:2
Reset
R/W
Description
Reserved
R0
Defined in the transceiver version
1
Reserved
R0
0
GDO0
R
Current GDO0 value. Note: the reading gives the non-inverted
value irrespective what IOCFG0.GDO0_INV is programmed to.
It is not recommended to check for PLL lock by reading
PKTSTATUS[0] with GDO0_CFG = 0x0A.
SWRS039B
Page 50 of 58
CC2550
0x39 (0xF9): VCO_VC_DAC – Current Setting from PLL Calibration Module
Bit
Field Name
Reset
7:0
VCO_VC_DAC[7:0]
R/W
Description
R
Status register for test only
0x3A (0xFA): TXBYTES – Underflow and Number of Bytes
Bit
Field Name
Reset
R/W
7
TXFIFO_UNDERFLOW
R
6:0
NUM_TXBYTES
R
Description
Number of bytes in TX FIFO
SWRS039B
Page 51 of 58
CC2550
29
Package Description (QLP 16)
All dimensions are in millimetres, angles in degrees. NOTE: The CC2550 is available in RoHS
lead-free package only.
Figure 23: Package Dimensions Drawing (the actual package has 16 pins)
Package
type
QLP 16 (4x4)
A
A1
A2
D
D1
Min
0.75
0.005
0.55
3.90
3.65
Typ.
0.85
0.025
0.65
4.00
3.75
Max
0.95
0.045
0.75
4.10
3.85
D2
E
E1
3.90
3.65
2.30
4.00
3.75
4.10
3.85
E2
2.30
L
T
b
0.45
0.190
0.23
0.55
0.65
0.28
0.245
e
0.65
0.35
Table 27: Package Dimensions
SWRS039B
Page 52 of 58
CC2550
29.1 Recommended PCB Layout for Package (QLP 16)
Figure 24: Recommended PCB layout for QLP 16 package
Note: The figure is an illustration only and not to scale. There are five 10 mil diameter via holes
distributed symmetrically in the ground pad under the package. See also the CC2550EM
reference design [3].
29.2 Package Thermal Properties
Thermal Resistance
Air velocity [m/s]
Rth,j-a [K/W]
0
40.1
Table 28: Thermal Properties of QLP 16 Package
29.3 Soldering Information
The recommendations for lead-free reflow in IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020D should be followed.
SWRS039B
Page 53 of 58
CC2550
29.4 Tray Specification
CC2550 can be delivered in standard QLP 4x4 mm shipping trays.
Tray Specification
Package
Tray Width
Tray Height
Tray Length
Units per Tray
QLP 16
135.9 mm
7.62 mm
322.6 mm
490
Table 29: Tray Specification
29.5 Carrier Tape and Reel Specification
Carrier tape and reel is in accordance with EIA Specification 481.
Tape and Reel Specification
Package
Tape Width
Component
Pitch
Hole
Pitch
Reel
Diameter
Units per Reel
QLP 16
12 mm
8 mm
4 mm
13 inches
2500
Table 30: Carrier Tape and Reel Specification
30
Ordering Information
Part Number
Description
Minimum Order Quantity (MOQ)
CC2550RTK
CC2550 QLP16 RoHS Pb-free 490/tray
490 (tray)
CC2550RTKR
CC2550 QLP16 RoHS Pb-free 2500/T&R
2500 (tape and reel)
CC2500-CC2550DK
CC2500_CC2550 Development Kit
1
CC2550EMK
CC2500 Evaluation Module Kit
1
Table 31: Ordering Information
31 References
[1] CC2550 Errata Notes (swrz011.pdf)
[2] AN032 2.4 GHz Regulations (swra060.pdf)
[3] CC2550EM Reference Design 1.0 (swrr015.zip)
[4] SmartRF® Studio (swrc046.zip)
[5] CC1100 CC2500 Examples Libraries (swrc021.zip)
[6] CC1100/CC1150DK & CC2500/CC2550DK Development Kit Examples & Libraries User
Manual (swru109.pdf)
[7] CC25XX Folded Dipole Reference Design (swrc065.zip)
[8] DN004 Folded Dipole Antenna for CCC25xx (swra118.pdf)
[9] CC2500 Data Sheet (cc2500.pdf)
SWRS039B
Page 54 of 58
CC2550
32
General Information
32.1 Document History
Revision
Date
Description/Changes
SWRS039B
2007-09-30
1.2
2006-06-28
kbps replaced by kBaud throughout the document.
Some of the sections hav been re-written to be easier to read without having any new
info added.
Absolute maximum supply voltage rating increased from 3.6 V to 3.9 V.
FSK changed to 2-FSK throughout the document.
Updates to the Abbreviation table.
Updates to the Electrical Specifications section. Added ACP and OBW performance.
Added info about TX latency in serial mode.
Added info about default values after reset versus optimum register settings in the
Configuration Software section.
Changes to the SPI Interface Timing Requirements. Info added about tsp,pd
The following figures have been changed: Configuration Registers Write and Read
Operations, SRES Command Strobe, and Register Access Types.
In the Register Access section, the address range is changed.
Changes to PATABLE Access section.
In the Packet Format section, preamble pattern is changed to 10101010 and info
about bug related to turning off the transmitter in infinite packet length mode is added.
Added info about the initial value of the PN9 sequence in the Data Whitening section.
Added info about TX FIFO underflow state in the Packet Handling in Transmit Mode
section.
Added section Packet Handling in Firmware.
Removed all references to the voltage regulator in relation with the CHP_RDYn
signal, as this signal is only related to the crystal.
Removed references to the voltage regulator in the figures: Power-On Reset and
Power-On Reset with SRES. Changes to the SI line in the Power-On Reset with
SRES figure.
Added info on the three automatic calibration options.
The Output Power Programming section has been changed. Only 1 PATABLE entry
used for 2-FSK/GFSK/MSK and 2 PATABLE entries used for OOK. Added info about
PATABLE when entering SLEEP mode. New PA_POWER and PATABLE figure.
Added section on PCB Layout Recommendations.
In section General Purpose / Test Output Control Pins: Added info on GDO pins in
SLEEP state.
Asynchronous transparent mode is called asynchronous serial mode throughout the
document.
Removed comments about having to use NRZ coding in synchronous serial mode.
Added info that Manchester encoding cannot be used in asynchronous serial mode.
Changed field name and/or description of the following registers:
MCSM0, FSCAL3, FSCAL2, FSCAL1 and TEST0.
Added references.
Added figures to table on SPI interface timing requirements.
Added information about SPI read.
Updates to text and included new figure in section on arbitrary length configuration.
Added information that RF frequencies at n/2·crystal frequency (n is an integer
number) should not be used due to spurious signals at these frequencies .
Updates to text and included new figures in section on power-on start-up sequence.
Added information about how to check for PLL lock in section on VCO.
Better explanation of some of the signals in table of GDO signal selection.
Added section on wideband modulation not using spread spectrum under section on
system considerations and guidelines.
Added more detailed information on PO_TIMEOUT in register MCSM0.
Changes to ordering information.
SWRS039A
1.1
2005-06-27
Updated TEST1 register default value. 26-27 MHz crystal range. Added matching
information. Added information about using a reference signal instead of a crystal.
1.0
2005-01-24
First preliminary data sheet release.
Table 32: Document History
SWRS039B
Page 55 of 58
CC2550
32.2 Product Status Definitions
Data Sheet Identification
Product Status
Definition
Advance Information
Planned or Under
Development
This data sheet contains the design specifications for
product development. Specifications may change in
any manner without notice.
Preliminary
Engineering Samples
and Pre-Production
Prototypes
This data sheet contains preliminary data, and
supplementary data will be published at a later date.
Chipcon reserves the right to make changes at any
time without notice in order to improve design and
supply the best possible product. The product is not
yet fully qualified at this point.
No Identification Noted
Full Production
This data sheet contains the final specifications.
Chipcon reserves the right to make changes at any
time without notice in order to improve design and
supply the best possible product.
Obsolete
Not In Production
This data sheet contains specifications on a product
that has been discontinued by Chipcon. The data
sheet is printed for reference information only.
Table 33: Product Status Definitions
SWRS039B
Page 56 of 58
CC2550
33
Address Information
Texas Instruments Norway AS
Gaustadalléen 21
N-0349 Oslo
NORWAY
Tel: +47 22 95 85 44
Fax: +47 22 95 85 46
Web site: http://www.ti.com/lpw
34
TI Worldwide Technical Support
Internet
TI Semiconductor Product Information Center Home Page:
TI Semiconductor KnowledgeBase Home Page:
support.ti.com
support.ti.com/sc/knowledgebase
Product Information Centers
Americas
Phone:
Fax:
Internet/Email:
+1(972) 644-5580
+1(972) 927-6377
support.ti.com/sc/pic/americas.htm
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Phone:
Belgium (English)
+32 (0) 27 45 54 32
Finland (English)
+358 (0) 9 25173948
France
+33 (0) 1 30 70 11 64
Germany
+49 (0) 8161 80 33 11
Israel (English)
180 949 0107
Italy
800 79 11 37
Netherlands (English)
+31 (0) 546 87 95 45
Russia
+7 (0) 95 98 10 701
Spain
+34 902 35 40 28
Sweden (English)
+46 (0) 8587 555 22
United Kingdom
+44 (0) 1604 66 33 99
Fax:
+49 (0) 8161 80 2045
Internet:
support.ti.com/sc/pic/euro.htm
Japan
Fax
Internet/Email
International
Domestic
International
Domestic
+81-3-3344-5317
0120-81-0036
support.ti.com/sc/pic/japan.htm
www.tij.co.jp/pic
SWRS039B
Page 57 of 58
CC2550
Asia
Phone
Fax
Email
Internet
International
Domestic
Australia
China
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Korea
Malaysia
New Zealand
Philippines
Singapore
Taiwan
Thailand
+886-2-23786800
Toll-Free Number
1-800-999-084
800-820-8682
800-96-5941
+91-80-51381665 (Toll)
001-803-8861-1006
080-551-2804
1-800-80-3973
0800-446-934
1-800-765-7404
800-886-1028
0800-006800
001-800-886-0010
+886-2-2378-6808
tiasia@ti.com or ti-china@ti.com
support.ti.com/sc/pic/asia.htm
SWRS039B
Page 58 of 58
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
19-Jan-2022
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
CC2550RSTR
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
VQFN
RST
16
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
2500
330.0
12.4
Pack Materials-Page 1
4.25
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
4.25
1.0
8.0
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
12.0
Q2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
19-Jan-2022
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
CC2550RSTR
VQFN
RST
16
2500
378.0
70.0
346.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
19-Jan-2022
TRAY
Chamfer on Tray corner indicates Pin 1 orientation of packed units.
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package
Name
Package
Type
Pins
SPQ
Unit array
Max
L (mm) W
matrix temperature
(mm)
(°C)
CC2550-RTY1
RST
VQFNP
16
490
14x35
150
322.6
CC2550RST
RST
VQFNP
16
490
14x35
150
322.6
Pack Materials-Page 3
K0
(µm)
P1
(mm)
CL
(mm)
CW
(mm)
135.9
7620
8.8
7.9
8.15
135.9
7620
8.8
7.9
8.15
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