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LM137, LM337-N
SNVS778E – MAY 1999 – REVISED JANUARY 2016
LM137, LM337-N 3-Terminal Adjustable Negative Regulators
1 Features
3 Description
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The LM137 and LM337-N are adjustable 3-terminal
negative voltage regulators capable of supplying
−1.5 A or more currents over an output voltage range
of −1.25 V to −37 V. It requires only two external
resistors to set the output voltage and one output
capacitor for frequency compensation. The circuit
design has been optimized for excellent regulation
and low thermal transients. Further, the LM137 and
LM337-N feature internal current limiting, thermal
shutdown and safe-area compensation, making it
virtually blowout-proof against overloads.
1
1.5-A Output Current
Line Regulation 0.01%/V (Typical)
Load Regulation 0.3% (Typical)
77-dB Ripple Rejection
50 ppm/°C Temperature Coefficient
Thermal Overload Protection
Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting Protections
2 Applications
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Industrial Power Supplies
Factory Automation Systems
Building Automation Systems
PLC Systems
Instrumentation
IGBT Drive Negative Gate Supplies
Networking
Set-Top Boxes
The LM137 and LM337-N are ideal complements to
the LM117 and LM317 adjustable positive regulators.
The LM137 has a wider operating temperature range
than the LM337-N and is also offered in military and
space qualified versions.
Device Information(1)
PART NUMBER
LM137
LM337-N
PACKAGE
BODY SIZE (NOM)
TO (3)
8.255 mm × 8.255 mm
SOT-223 (4)
3.50 mm × 6.50 mm
TO (3)
8.255 mm × 8.255 mm
TO-220 (3)
10.16 mm × 14.986 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet. The LF01 is a lead formed (bent)
version of the TO-220 package.
Adjustable Negative Voltage Regulator
Full output current not available at high input-output voltages
R2 ö
æ
-VOUT = -1.25V ç 1 +
÷ + (-I ADJ ´ R 2 )
è 120 ø
†C1 = 1-μF solid tantalum or 10-μF aluminum electrolytic required for stability
*C2 = 1-μF solid tantalum is required only if regulator is more than 4″ from power-supply filter capacitor
Output capacitors in the range of 1-μF to 1000-μF of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide
improved output impedance and rejection of transients
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
LM137, LM337-N
SNVS778E – MAY 1999 – REVISED JANUARY 2016
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
1
1
1
2
3
4
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
4
4
4
4
5
6
Absolute Maximum Ratings ......................................
ESD Ratings..............................................................
Recommended Operating Conditions.......................
Thermal Information ..................................................
Electrical Characteristics...........................................
Typical Characteristics ..............................................
Detailed Description .............................................. 8
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
Overview ................................................................... 8
Functional Block Diagram ......................................... 8
Feature Description................................................... 8
Device Functional Modes........................................ 10
8
Application and Implementation ........................ 12
8.1 Application Information............................................ 12
8.2 Typical Applications ................................................ 12
9 Power Supply Recommendations...................... 16
10 Layout................................................................... 16
10.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 16
10.2 Layout Example .................................................... 16
10.3 Thermal Considerations ........................................ 17
11 Device and Documentation Support ................. 18
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
Documentation Support ........................................
Related Links ........................................................
Community Resources..........................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
18
18
18
18
18
18
12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 18
4 Revision History
Changes from Revision D (April 2013) to Revision E
Page
•
Added ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation
section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and
Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section. ................................................................................................. 1
•
Deleted soldering information from Absolute Maximum Ratings ........................................................................................... 4
Changes from Revision C (April 2013) to Revision D
•
2
Page
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ............................................................................................................. 7
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SNVS778E – MAY 1999 – REVISED JANUARY 2016
5 Pin Configuration and Functions
TO Metal Can Package
3-Pin Package Number NDT0003A
Bottom View
TO-220 Plastic Package
Package Number NDE0003B
Front View
SOT-223
3-Lead Package Marked N02A
Front View
Pin Functions
PIN
NAME
TO-220
TO
SOT-223
I/O
DESCRIPTION
ADJ
1
1
1
—
VIN
2, TAB
3, CASE
2, 4
I
Input voltage pin for the regulator
3
2
3
O
Output voltage pin for the regulator
VOUT
Adjust pin
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6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
MIN
Power dissipation
MAX
UNIT
Internally Limited
Input-output voltage differential
LM137
Operating junction temperature
–0.3
40
–55
150
LM337-N
LM337I
Storage temperature, Tstg
0
125
–40
125
–65
150
V
°C
°C
6.2 ESD Ratings
V(ESD)
(1)
Electrostatic discharge
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001
(1)
VALUE
UNIT
±2000
V
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. Pins listed as ±2000
V may actually have higher performance.
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
LM137
Operating junction temperature
LM337-N
LM337I
MIN
MAX
–55
150
0
125
–40
125
UNIT
°C
6.4 Thermal Information
LM137
THERMAL METRIC (1)
RθJA
NDT
(TO)
NDT
(TO)
DCY
(SOT-223)
NDE OR NDG
(TO-220)
3 PINS
3 PINS
3 PINS
3 PINS
58.3
22.9
°C/W
12
36.6
15.7
°C/W
RθJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
—
—
7.2
4.1
°C/W
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
—
—
1.3
2.4
°C/W
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
—
—
7
4.1
°C/W
RθJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
—
—
—
1
°C/W
4
140
(2)
12
(2)
140
(2)
UNIT
RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
(1)
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
LM337-N
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report, SPRA953.
No heat sink.
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6.5 Electrical Characteristics
Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply −55°C ≤ Tj ≤ 150°C for the LM137, 0°C ≤ Tj ≤ 125°C for the LM337-N;
VIN − VOUT = 5 V; and IOUT = 0.1 A for the TO package and IOUT = 0.5 A for the SOT-223 and TO-220 packages. Although
power dissipation is internally limited, these specifications are applicable for power dissipations of 2 W for the TO and SOT223, and 20 W for the TO-220. IMAX is 1.5 A for the SOT-223 and TO-220 packages, and 0.2 A for the TO package.
PARAMETER
LM137
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
LM337-N
TYP
MAX
0.01
0.02
MIN
TYP
MAX
0.01
0.04
UNIT
Line regulation
TJ = 25°C, 3 V ≤ |VIN − VOUT| ≤ 40 V (1)
IL = 10 mA
Load regulation
TJ = 25°C, 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IMAX
0.3%
0.5%
0.3%
1%
Thermal regulation
TJ = 25°C, 10-ms Pulse
0.002
0.02
0.003
0.04
%/W
65
100
65
100
μA
2
5
2
5
μA
−1.225
−1.25
−1.275
−1.213
−1.25
−1.287
V
−1.2
−1.25
−1.3
−1.2
−1.25
−1.3
V
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.07
%/V
0.3%
1%
0.3%
1.5%
Adjustment pin current
Adjustment pin current charge
10 mA ≤ IL ≤ IMAX
3 V ≤ |VIN − VOUT| ≤ 40 V,
TA = 25°C
Reference voltage
3 V ≤ |VIN − VOUT| ≤ 40 V, (2)
10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IMAX, P ≤ PMAX
Line regulation
3 V ≤ |VIN − VOUT| ≤ 40 V,
Load regulation
10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ IMAX,
Temperature stability
TMIN ≤ Tj ≤ TMAX
Minimum load current
(1)
0.6%
2.5
5
2.5
10
mA
|VIN − VOUT| ≤ 10 V
1.2
3
1.5
6
mA
|VIN − VOUT| = 40 V, TJ = 25°C
Long-term stability
(1)
(2)
0.6%
|VIN − VOUT| ≤ 40 V
Current limit
Ripple rejection ratio
(2)
−55°C ≤ TJ ≤ 150°C
(1)
|VIN − VOUT| ≤ 15 V
RMS output noise, % of VOUT
TJ = 25°C
%/V
K, DCY and NDE
package
1.5
2.2
3.5
1.5
2.2
3.7
A
NDT package
1.8
0.5
0.8
1.9
A
0.4
A
0.17
A
0.5
0.8
K, DCY and NDE
package
0.24
0.4
0.15
NDT package
0.15
0.17
0.1
Tj = 25°C, 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz
0.003%
VOUT = −10 V, f = 120 Hz
CADJ = 10 μF
0.003%
60
66
TJ = 125°C, 1000 Hours
60
77
0.3%
66
1%
dB
77
0.3%
dB
1%
Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to
heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation. Load regulation is measured on the output pin at a point ⅛ in.
below the base of the TO packages.
Selected devices with tightened tolerance reference voltage available.
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6.6 Typical Characteristics
(NDE Package)
6
Figure 1. Load Regulation
Figure 2. Current Limit
Figure 3. Adjustment Current
Figure 4. Dropout Voltage
Figure 5. Temperature Stability
Figure 6. Minimum Operating Current
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
(NDE Package)
Figure 7. Ripple Rejection
Figure 8. Ripple Rejection
Figure 9. Ripple Rejection
Figure 10. Output Impedance
Figure 11. Line Transient Response
Figure 12. Load Transient Response
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7 Detailed Description
7.1 Overview
In operation, the LM137 and LM337-N develops a nominal −1.25-V reference voltage between the output and
adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 (120 Ω for example) and,
because the voltage is constant, a constant current then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an
output voltage calculated by Equation 1.
R2 ö
æ
-VOUT = -1.25V ç 1 +
÷ + (-I ADJ ´ R 2 )
è 120 ø
(1)
7.2 Functional Block Diagram
7.3 Feature Description
7.3.1 Thermal Regulation
When power is dissipated in an IC, a temperature gradient occurs across the IC chip affecting the individual IC
circuit components. With an IC regulator, this gradient can be especially severe because power dissipation is
large. Thermal regulation is the effect of these temperature gradients on output voltage (in percentage output
change) per Watt of power change in a specified time. Thermal regulation error is independent of electrical
regulation or temperature coefficient, and occurs within 5 ms to 50 ms after a change in power dissipation.
Thermal regulation depends on IC layout as well as electrical design. The thermal regulation of a voltage
regulator is defined as the percentage change of VOUT, per Watt, within the first 10 ms after a step of power is
applied. The LM137 device's specification is 0.02%/W, maximum.
8
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Feature Description (continued)
LM137
VOUT = −10 V
VIN − VOUT = −40 V
IIL = 0 A → 0.25 A → 0 A
Vertical sensitivity, 5 mV/div
Figure 13. Output Drift (10W Pulse for 10ms)
In Figure 13, a typical LM137 device's output drifts only 3 mV (or 0.03% of VOUT = −10 V) when a 10-W pulse is
applied for 10 ms. This performance is thus well inside the specification limit of 0.02%/W × 10 W = 0.2%
maximum. When the 10-W pulse is ended, the thermal regulation again shows a 3-mV step at the LM137 chip
cools off.
NOTE
The load regulation error of about 8 mV (0.08%) is additional to the thermal regulation
error.
In Figure 14, when the 10-W pulse is applied for 100 ms, the output drifts only slightly beyond the drift in the first
10 ms, and the thermal error stays well within 0.1% (10 mV).
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Feature Description (continued)
LM137
VOUT = −10 V
VIN − VOUT = −40 V
IL = 0 A → 0.25 A → 0 A
Horizontal sensitivity, 20 ms/div
Figure 14. Output Drift (10-W Pulse for 100 ms)
7.4 Device Functional Modes
7.4.1 Protection Diodes
When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator, it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to
prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10-μF capacitors have
low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20-A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is
enough energy to damage parts of the IC.
When an output capacitor is connected to a negative output regulator and the input is shorted, the output
capacitor pulls current out of the output of the regulator. The current depends on the value of the capacitor, the
output voltage of the regulator, and the rate at which VIN is shorted to ground.
The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs
when either the input, or the output, is shorted. Figure 15 shows the placement of the protection diodes.
10
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Device Functional Modes (continued)
*When CL is larger than 20 μF, D1 protects the LM137 in case the input supply is shorted
**When C2 is larger than 10 μF and −VOUT is larger than −25V, D2 protects the LM137 in case the output is shorted
Figure 15. Regulator With Protection Diodes
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8 Application and Implementation
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
8.1 Application Information
The LM137 and LM337-N are versatile, high performance, negative output linear regulators with high accuracy
and a wide temperature range. An output capacitor can be added to further improve transient response, and the
ADJ pin can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple-rejection ratios. The device's functionality can be utilized in
many different applications that require negative voltage supplies, such as bipolar amplifiers, operational
amplifiers, and constant current regulators.
8.2 Typical Applications
8.2.1 Adjustable Negative Voltage Regulator
The LM137 and LM337-N can be used as a simple, negative output regulator to enable a variety of output
voltages needed for demanding applications. By using an adjustable R2 resistor, a variety of negative output
voltages can be made possible as shown in Figure 16.
Full output current not available at high input-output voltages
†C1 = 1-μF solid tantalum or 10-μF aluminum electrolytic required for stability
*C2 = 1-μF solid tantalum is required only if regulator is more than 4 inches from power-supply filter capacitor
Output capacitors in the range of 1 μF to 1000 μF of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide
improved output impedance and rejection of transients
Figure 16. Adjustable Negative Voltage Regulator
R2 ö
æ
-VOUT = -1.25V ç 1 +
÷ + (-I ADJ ´ R 2 )
è 120 ø
(2)
8.2.1.1 Design Requirements
The device component count is very minimal, employing two resistors as part of a voltage divider circuit and an
output capacitor for load regulation. An input capacitor is needed if the device is more than 4 inches from the
filter capacitors.
8.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
The output voltage is set based on the selection of the two resistors, R1 and R2, as shown in Figure 16.
12
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Typical Applications (continued)
8.2.1.3 Application Curve
As shown in Figure 17, the maximum output current capability is limited by the input-output voltage differential,
package type, and junction temperature.
Figure 17. Current Limit
8.2.2 Adjustable Lab Voltage Regulator
The LM337-N can be combined with a positive regulator such as the LM317-N to provide both a positive and
negative voltage rail. This can be useful in applications that use bi-directional amplifiers and dual-supply
operational amplifiers.
Full output current not available at high input-output voltages
*The 10 μF capacitors are optional to improve ripple rejection
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Typical Applications (continued)
8.2.3 Current Regulator
A simple, fixed current regulator can be made by placing a resistor between the VOUT and ADJ pins of the
LM137. By regulating a constant 1.25 V between these two terminals, a constant current can be delivered.
1.250V
R1
*0.8 W £ R1 £ 120 W
IOUT =
(3)
(4)
8.2.4 −5.2-V Regulator with Electronic Shutdown
The LM337-N can be used with a PNP transistor to provide shutdown control from a TTL control signal. The PNP
can short or open the ADJ pin to GND. When ADJ is shorted to GND by the PNP, the output is −1.3V. When
ADJ is disconnected from GND by the PNP, then the LM337-N outputs the programmed output of −5.2 V.
Minimum output ≃ −1.3 V when control input is low
14
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Typical Applications (continued)
8.2.5 High Stability −10-V Regulator
Using a high stability shunt voltage reference in the feedback path, such as the LM329, provides damping
necessary for a stable, low noise output.
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9 Power Supply Recommendations
The input supply to the LM137 and LM337-N must be kept at a voltage level such that its maximum input to
output differential voltage rating is not exceeded. The minimum dropout voltage must also be met with extra
headroom when possible to keep the LM137 and LM337-N in regulation. TI recommends an input capacitor,
especially when the input pin is placed more than 4 inches away from the power-supply filter capacitor.
10 Layout
10.1 Layout Guidelines
Some layout guidelines must be followed to ensure proper regulation of the output voltage with minimum noise.
Traces carrying the load current must be wide to reduce the amount of parasitic trace inductance and the
feedback loop from VOUT to ADJ must be kept as short as possible. To improve PSRR, a bypass capacitor can
be placed at the ADJ pin and must be placed as close as possible to the IC. In cases when VIN shorts to ground,
an external diode must be placed from VIN to VOUT to divert the surge current into the output capacitor and
protect the IC. Similarly, in cases when a large bypass capacitor is placed at the ADJ pin and VOUT shorts to
ground, an external diode must be placed from VOUT to ADJ to provide a path for the bypass capacitor to
discharge. These diodes must be placed close to the corresponding IC pins to increase their effectiveness.
10.2 Layout Example
Figure 18. Layout Example (SOT-223)
16
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10.3 Thermal Considerations
10.3.1 Heatsinking SOT-223 Package Parts
The SOT-223 DCY packages use a copper plane on the PCB and the PCB itself as a heatsink. To optimize the
heat sinking ability of the plane and PCB, solder the tab of the package to the plane.
Figure 19 and Figure 20 show the information for the SOT-223 package. Figure 20 assumes a θ(J−A) of 75°C/W
for 1 ounce copper and 51°C/W for 2 ounce copper and a maximum junction temperature of 125°C.
Figure 19. θ(J−A) vs Copper (2 ounce) Area for the SOT-223 Package
Figure 20. Maximum Power Dissipation vs TAMB for the SOT-223 Package
See AN-1028, SNVA036, for power enhancement techniques to be used with the SOT-223 package.
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11 Device and Documentation Support
11.1 Documentation Support
11.1.1 Related Documentation
For related documentation see the following:
AN-1028, SNVA036
11.2 Related Links
The table below lists quick access links. Categories include technical documents, support and community
resources, tools and software, and quick access to sample or buy.
Table 1. Related Links
PARTS
PRODUCT FOLDER
SAMPLE & BUY
TECHNICAL
DOCUMENTS
TOOLS &
SOFTWARE
SUPPORT &
COMMUNITY
LM137
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
LM337-N
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
11.3 Community Resources
The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective
contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of
Use.
TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration
among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help
solve problems with fellow engineers.
Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and
contact information for technical support.
11.4 Trademarks
E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
11.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
11.6 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
18
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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30-Sep-2021
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
LM137H
ACTIVE
TO
NDT
3
500
RoHS & Green
AU
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
-55 to 150
( LM137HP+, LM137H
P+)
LM137H/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO
NDT
3
500
RoHS & Green
AU
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
-55 to 150
( LM137HP+, LM137H
P+)
LM337IMP
NRND
SOT-223
DCY
4
1000
Non-RoHS
& Green
Call TI
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
N02A
LM337IMP/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
1000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
N02A
LM337IMPX
NRND
SOT-223
DCY
4
2000
Non-RoHS
& Green
Call TI
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
N02A
LM337IMPX/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOT-223
DCY
4
2000
RoHS & Green
SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
N02A
LM337T
NRND
TO-220
NDE
3
45
Non-RoHS
& Green
Call TI
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
0 to 125
LM337T P+
LM337T/LF01
ACTIVE
TO-220
NDG
3
45
RoHS-Exempt
& Green
SN
Level-3-245C-168 HR
0 to 125
LM337T P+
LM337T/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-220
NDE
3
45
RoHS-Exempt
& Green
SN
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
0 to 125
LM337T P+
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of
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