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LM5100 /LM5101 High Voltage High Side and Low Side Gate Driver
Check for Samples: LM5100, LM5101
FEATURES
PACKAGE
•
•
•
1
2
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Drives Both a High Side and Low Side NChannel MOSFET
Independent High and Low Driver Logic Inputs
(TTL for LM5101 or CMOS for LM5100)
Bootstrap Supply Voltage Range up to 118V
DC
Fast Propagation Times (25 ns Typical)
Drives 1000 pF Load with 15 ns Rise and Fall
Times
Excellent Propagation Delay Matching (3 ns
Typical)
Supply Rail Under-voltage Lockouts
Low Power Consumption
Pin Compatible with HIP2100/HIP2101
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
•
•
•
•
•
Current Fed Push-pull Converters
Half and Full Bridge Power Converters
Synchronous Buck Converters
Two Switch Forward Power Converters
Forward with Active Clamp Converters
SOIC-8
WSON-10 (4 mm x 4 mm)
DESCRIPTION
The LM5100/LM5101 High Voltage Gate Drivers are
designed to drive both the high side and the low side
N-Channel MOSFETs in a synchronous buck or a
half bridge configuration. The floating high-side driver
is capable of operating with supply voltages up to
100V. The outputs are independently controlled with
CMOS input thresholds (LM5100) or TTL input
thresholds (LM5101). An integrated high voltage
diode is provided to charge the high side gate drive
bootstrap capacitor. A robust level shifter operates at
high speed while consuming low power and providing
clean level transitions from the control logic to the
high side gate driver. Under-voltage lockout is
provided on both the low side and the high side
power rails. This device is available in the standard
SOIC-8 pin and the WSON-10 pin packages.
1
2
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
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Simplified Block Diagram
HV
HB
HO
UVLO
LEVEL
SHIFT
DRIVER
HS
HI
VDD
UVLO
LO
DRIVER
LI
VSS
Connection Diagrams
VDD
1
8
LO
HB
2
7
VSS
HO
3
6
LI
HS
4
5
HI
SOIC-8
2
VDD
1
10
HB
2
9
VSS
HO
3
8
LI
HS
4
7
HI
NC
5
6
NC
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WSON-10
LO
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PIN DESCRIPTION (1)
Pin #
(1)
Name
Description
Application Information
SO-8
WSON10
1
1
VDD
Positive gate drive supply
Locally decouple to VSS using low ESR/ESL capacitor located as
close to IC as possible.
2
2
HB
High side gate driver bootstrap
rail
Connect the positive terminal of the bootstrap capacitor to HB and
the negative terminal to HS. The Bootstrap capacitor should be place
as close to IC as possible.
3
3
HO
High side gate driver output
Connect to gate of high side MOSFET with a short low inductance
path.
4
4
HS
High side MOSFET source
connection
Connect to bootstrap capacitor negative terminal and the source of
the high side MOSFET.
5
7
HI
High side driver control input
The LM5100 inputs have CMOS type thresholds. The LM5101 inputs
have TTL type thresholds. Unused inputs should be tied to ground
and not left open.
6
8
LI
Low side driver control input
The LM5100 inputs have CMOS type thresholds. The LM5101 inputs
have TTL type thresholds. Unused inputs should be tied to ground
and not left open.
7
9
VSS
Ground return
All signals are referenced to this ground.
8
10
LO
Low side gate driver output
Connect to the gate of the low side MOSFET with a short low
inductance path.
Note: For WSON-10 package, it is recommended that the exposed pad on the bottom of the LM5100 / LM5101 be soldered to
ground plane on the PC board, and the ground plane should extend out from beneath the IC to help dissipate the heat. Pins 5
and 6 have no connection.
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
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Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) (2)
−0.3V to +18V
VDD to VSS
−0.3V to +18V
VHB to VHS
LI or HI Inputs
−0.3V to VDD +0.3V
LO Output
−0.3V to VDD +0.3V
HO Output
VHS −0.3V to VHB +0.3V
VHS to VSS
−1V to +100V
VHB to VSS
118V
Junction Temperature
+150°C
−55°C to +150°C
Storage Temperature Range
ESD Rating HBM (3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
2 kV
Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under
which operation of the device is ensured. Operating Ratings do not imply ensured performance limits. For ensured performance limits
and associated test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics tables.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and
specifications.
The human body model is a 100 pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5kΩ resistor into each pin. 2 kV for all pins except Pin 2, Pin 3 and
Pin 4 which are rated at 500V.
Recommended Operating Conditions
VDD
+9V to +14V
HS
−1V to 100V
HB
VHS +8V to VHS +14V
HS Slew Rate
< 50 V/ns
−40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature
Electrical Characteristics
Specifications in standard typeface are for TJ = +25°C, and those in boldface type apply over the full operating junction
temperature range. Unless otherwise specified, VDD = VHB = 12V, VSS = VHS = 0V, No Load on LO or HO .
Symbol
Parameter
Typ
Max (1)
LI = HI = 0V (LM5100)
0.1
0.2
LI = HI = 0V (LM5101)
0.25
0.4
Conditions
Min (1)
Units
SUPPLY CURRENTS
IDD
VDD Quiescent Current
mA
IDDO
VDD Operating Current
f = 500 kHz
1.5
3
mA
IHB
Total HB Quiescent Current
LI = HI = 0V
0.06
0.2
mA
IHBO
Total HB Operating Current
f = 500 kHz
1.3
3
mA
IHBS
HB to VSS Current, Quiescent
VHS = VHB = 100V
0.05
10
IHBSO
HB to VSS Current, Operating
f = 500 kHz
0.08
mA
µA
INPUT PINS
VIL
Low Level Input Voltage Threshold
(LM5100)
3
5.0
V
VIL
Low Level Input Voltage Threshold
(LM5101)
0.8
1.8
V
VIH
High Level Input Voltage Threshold
(LM5100)
5.5
8
V
VIH
High Level Input Voltage Threshold
(LM5101)
1.8
2.2
V
VIHYS
Input Voltage Hysteresis (LM5100)
RI
Input Pulldown Resistance
0.5
V
100
200
500
kΩ
6.0
6.9
7.4
V
UNDER VOLTAGE PROTECTION
VDDR
(1)
4
VDD Rising Threshold
Min and Max limits are 100% production tested at 25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlation
using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. Limits are used to calculate TI’s Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
Specifications in standard typeface are for TJ = +25°C, and those in boldface type apply over the full operating junction
temperature range. Unless otherwise specified, VDD = VHB = 12V, VSS = VHS = 0V, No Load on LO or HO .
Symbol
Parameter
VDDH
VDD Threshold Hysteresis
VHBR
HB Rising Threshold
VHBH
HB Threshold Hysteresis
Conditions
Min (1)
Typ
Max (1)
Units
0.5
5.7
6.6
V
7.1
V
0.4
V
BOOT STRAP DIODE
VDL
Low-Current Forward Voltage
IVDD-HB = 100 µA
0.6
0.9
V
VDH
High-Current Forward Voltage
IVDD-HB = 100 mA
0.85
1.1
V
RD
Dynamic Resistance
IVDD-HB = 100 mA
0.8
1.5
Ω
LO GATE DRIVER
VOLL
Low-Level Output Voltage
ILO = 100 mA
0.23
0.4
V
VOHL
High-Level Output Voltage
ILO = −100 mA,
VOHL = VDD–VLO
0.35
0.55
V
IOHL
Peak Pullup Current
VLO = 0V
1.6
A
IOLL
Peak Pulldown Current
VLO = 12V
1.8
A
HO GATE DRIVER
VOLH
Low-Level Output Voltage
IHO = 100 mA
0.23
0.4
V
VOHH
High-Level Output Voltage
IHO = −100 mA
VOHH = VHB–VHO
0.35
0.55
V
IOHH
Peak Pullup Current
VHO = 0V
1.6
A
IOLH
Peak Pulldown Current
VHO = 12V
1.8
A
SOIC-8
170
WSON-10 (3)
40
THERMAL RESISTANCE
θJA (2)
(2)
(3)
Junction to Ambient
°C/W
The θJA is not a given constant for the package and depends on the printed circuit board design and the operating environment.
4 layer board with Cu finished thickness 1.5/1/1/1.5 oz. Maximum die size used. 5x body length of Cu trace on PCB top. 50 x 50mm
ground and power planes embedded in PCB. See Application Note AN-1187 (SNOA401).
Switching Characteristics
Specifications in standard typeface are for TJ = +25°C, and those in boldface type apply over the full operating junction
temperature range. Unless otherwise specified, VDD = VHB = 12V, VSS = VHS = 0V, No Load on LO or HO.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min (1)
Typ
Max (1)
Units
LM5100
tLPHL
Lower Turn-Off Propagation Delay (LI
Falling to LO Falling)
24
45
ns
tHPHL
Upper Turn-Off Propagation Delay (HI
Falling to HO Falling)
24
45
ns
tLPLH
Lower Turn-On Propagation Delay (LI
Rising to LO Rising)
24
45
ns
tHPLH
Upper Turn-On Propagation Delay (HI
Rising to HO Rising)
24
45
ns
tMON
Delay Matching: Lower Turn-On and Upper
Turn-Off
2
10
ns
tMOFF
Delay Matching: Lower Turn-Off and Upper
Turn-On
2
10
ns
tRC, tFC
Either Output Rise/Fall Time
CL = 1000 pF
15
ns
tR, tF
Either Output Rise/Fall Time
(3V to 9V)
CL = 0.1 µF
0.6
µs
tPW
Minimum Input Pulse Width that Changes
the Output
50
ns
(1)
Min and Max limits are 100% production tested at 25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed through correlation
using Statistical Quality Control (SQC) methods. Limits are used to calculate TI’s Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
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Switching Characteristics (continued)
Specifications in standard typeface are for TJ = +25°C, and those in boldface type apply over the full operating junction
temperature range. Unless otherwise specified, VDD = VHB = 12V, VSS = VHS = 0V, No Load on LO or HO.
Symbol
tBS
Parameter
Conditions
Bootstrap Diode Turn-Off Time
IF = 20 mA,
IR = 200 mA
Min (1)
Typ
Max (1)
50
Units
ns
LM5101
tLPHL
Lower Turn-Off Propagation Delay (LI
Falling to LO Falling)
25
56
ns
tHPHL
Upper Turn-Off Propagation Delay (HI
Falling to HO Falling)
25
56
ns
tLPLH
Lower Turn-On Propagation Delay (LI
Rising to LO Rising)
25
56
ns
tHPLH
Upper Turn-On Propagation Delay (HI
Rising to HO Rising)
25
56
ns
tMON
Delay Matching: Lower Turn-On and Upper
Turn-Off
2
10
ns
tMOFF
Delay Matching: Lower Turn-Off and Upper
Turn-On
2
10
ns
tRC, tFC
Either Output Rise/Fall Time
CL = 1000 pF
15
ns
tR, tF
Either Output Rise/Fall Time
(3V to 9V)
CL = 0.1 µF
0.6
µs
tPW
Minimum Input Pulse Width that Changes
the Output
50
ns
tBS
Bootstrap Diode Turn-Off Time
50
ns
6
IF = 20 mA,
IR = 200 mA
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Typical Performance Characteristics
LM5100 IDD
vs
Frequency
LM5101 IDD
vs
Frequency
100000
100000
VDD = 12V
CL = 4400 pF
CURRENT (PA)
CL = 2200 pF
10000
CURRENT (PA)
VDD = 12V
CL = 4400 pF
CL = 1000 pF
1000
CL = 2200 pF
10000
CL = 1000 pF
1000
100
CL = 0 pF
10
0.1
CL = 470 pF
1
10
100
CL = 0 pF
CL = 470 pF
100
0.1
1000
1
100
1000
FREQUENCY (kHz)
FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
LM5100/LM5101 Operating Current
vs
Temperature
IHB
vs
Frequency
100000
1.20
1.15
HB = 12V,
HS = 0V
IDDO (LM5101)
1.10
CURRENT (PA)
1.05
1.00
IDDO (LM5100)
0.95
0.90
IHBO (LM5100, LM5101)
0.85
CL = 4400 pF
CL = 2200 pF
10000
CURRENT (mA)
10
CL = 1000 pF
1000
100
0.80
CL = 0 pF
0.75
0.70
-50 -25
0
25
50
10
0.1
75 100 125 150
CL = 470 pF
1
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
1000
FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Quiescent Current
vs
Supply Voltage
LM5100/LM5101 Quiescent Current
vs
Temperature
400
350
350
300
IDD (LM5101)
IDD (LM5101)
300
250
CURRENT (PA)
CURRENT (PA)
10
250
200
IDD (LM5100)
150
200
150
100
100
IDD (LM5100)
50
50
IHB (LM5100, LM5101)
IHB (LM5100, LM5101)
0
8
10
12
14
16
18
0
-50 -25
0
25
50
75
100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C)
VDD, VHB (V)
Figure 5.
Figure 6.
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Typical Performance Characteristics (continued)
Undervoltage Rising Thresholds
vs
Temperature
LM5100 Undervoltage Threshold Hysteresis
vs
Temperature
7.30
0.60
7.20
0.55
VDDH
7.00
VDDR
HYSTERESIS (V)
THRESHOLD (V)
7.10
6.90
6.80
6.70
VHBR
6.60
6.50
0.50
0.45
VHBH
0.40
0.35
6.40
6.30
-50 -25
0
25
50
0.30
-50
75 100 125 150
-25 0_
25 50_ 75_100_125_150_
TEMPERATURE (oC)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 7.
Figure 8.
Bootstrap Diode Forward Voltage
HO and LO Peak Output Current
vs
Output Voltage
2.00
1.00E-01
1.60
CURRENT (A)
1.00E-02
T = 25°C
ID (A)
1.00E-03
VDD = VHB = 12V, HS = 0V
1.80
T = 150°C
1.00E-04
1.40
1.20
SOURCING
1.00
0.80
SINKING
0.60
T = -40°C
1.00E-05
0.40
0.20
1.00E-06
0.2
0.00
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
0
2
4
8
10
12
Figure 9.
Figure 10.
LO and HO Gate Drive—High Level Output Voltage
vs
Temperature
LO and HO Gate Drive—Low Level Output Voltage
vs
Temperature
0.400
0.700
0.350
0.600
VDD = VHB = 8V
VDD = VHB = 8V
0.300
VDD = VHB = 12V
VOL (V)
VOH (V)
0.500
0.400
VDD = VHB = 12V
0.250
0.200
0.300
VDD = VHB = 16V
VDD = VHB = 16V
0.150
0.200
0.100
-50 -25
0
25
50
75 100 125 150
0.100
-50
-25
0
25
50
75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 11.
8
6
HO, LO (V)
VD (V)
Figure 12.
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Typical Performance Characteristics (continued)
LM5100 Propagation Delay
vs
Temperature
LM5101 Propagation Delay
vs
Temperature
35
35
tHPHL
tHPHL
tLPLH
30
DELAY (ns)
DELAY (ns)
30
tHPLH
25
20
tLPLH
25
tLPHL
20
tHPLH
tLPHL
15
-50
-25
0
25
50
15
-50
75 100 125 150
-25
0
TEMPERATURE (°C)
25
50
75 100 125 150
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
Timing Diagram
LI
LI
HI
tHPLH
tLPLH
HI
tHPHL
tLPHL
LO
LO
HO
HO
tMON
tMOFF
Figure 15.
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LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS
The optimum performance of high and low side gate drivers cannot be achieved without taking due
considerations during circuit board layout. Following points are emphasized.
1. A low ESR / ESL capacitor must be connected close to the IC, and between VDD and VSS pins and between
HB and HS pins to support high peak currents being drawn from VDD during turn-on of the external
MOSFET.
2. To prevent large voltage transients at the drain of the top MOSFET, a low ESR electrolytic capacitor must be
connected between MOSFET drain and ground (VSS).
3. In order to avoid large negative transients on the switch node (HS) pin, the parasitic inductances in the
source of top MOSFET and in the drain of the bottom MOSFET (synchronous rectifier) must be minimized.
4. Grounding Considerations:
–
a) The first priority in designing grounding connections is to confine the high peak currents from
charging and discharging the MOSFET gate in a minimal physical area. This will decrease the loop
inductance and minimize noise issues on the gate terminal of the MOSFET. The MOSFETs should be
placed as close as possible to the gate driver.
–
b) The second high current path includes the bootstrap capacitor, the bootstrap diode, the local ground
referenced bypass capacitor and low side MOSFET body diode. The bootstrap capacitor is recharged on
the cycle-by-cycle basis through the bootstrap diode from the ground referenced VDD bypass capacitor.
The recharging occurs in a short time interval and involves high peak current. Minimizing this loop length
and area on the circuit board is important to ensure reliable operation.
Power Dissipation Considerations
The total IC power dissipation is the sum of the gate driver losses and the bootstrap diode losses. The gate
driver losses are related to the switching frequency (f), output load capacitance on LO and HO (CL), and supply
voltage (VDD) and can be roughly calculated as:
PDGATES = 2 • f • CL • VDD2
There are some additional losses in the gate drivers due to the internal CMOS stages used to buffer the LO and
HO outputs. The following plot shows the measured gate driver power dissipation versus frequency and load
capacitance. At higher frequencies and load capacitance values, the power dissipation is dominated by the
power losses driving the output loads and agrees well with the above equation. This plot can be used to
approximate the power losses due to the gate drivers.
1.000
CL = 4400 pF
CL = 2200 pF
POWER (W)
0.100
CL = 1000 pF
0.010
CL = 470 pF
CL = 0 pF
0.001
0.1
_
1.0
_
10.0_
100.0
1000.0_
SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 16. Gate Driver Power Dissipation (LO + HO)
VCC = 12V, Neglecting Diode Losses
10
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The bootstrap diode power loss is the sum of the forward bias power loss that occurs while charging the
bootstrap capacitor and the reverse bias power loss that occurs during reverse recovery. Since each of these
events happens once per cycle, the diode power loss is proportional to frequency. Larger capacitive loads
require more current to recharge the bootstrap capacitor resulting in more losses. Higher input voltages (VIN) to
the half bridge result in higher reverse recovery losses. The following plot was generated based on calculations
and lab measurements of the diode recovery time and current under several operating conditions. This can be
useful for approximating the diode power dissipation.
1.000
POWER (W)
CL = 4400 pF
0.100
CL = 0 pF
0.010
0.001
1.0
10.0
100.0
1000.0
SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 17. Diode Power Dissipation VIN = 80V
1.000
POWER (W)
CL = 4400 pF
0.100
CL = 0 pF
0.010
0.001
1.0
10.0
100.0
1000.0
SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 18. Diode Power Dissipation VIN = 40V
The total IC power dissipation can be estimated from the previous plots by summing the gate drive losses with
the bootstrap diode losses for the intended application. Because the diode losses can be significant, an external
diode placed in parallel (refer to Figure 19) with the internal bootstrap diode can be helpful in removing power
from the IC. For this to be effective, the external diode must be placed close to the IC to minimize series
inductance and have a significantly lower forward voltage drop than the internal diode.
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(Optional external
fast recovery diode)
VIN
VCC
RGATE
HB
VDD
HO
VDD
CBOOT
PWM
CONTROLLER
OUT1
OUT2
GND
HS
HI
LM5101
T1
LO
LI
VSS
Figure 19. LM5101 Driving MOSFETs Connected in Half-Bridge Configuration
12
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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10-Dec-2020
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
LM5101M/NOPB
NRND
SOIC
D
8
95
RoHS & Green
Call TI | SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
5101
M
LM5101MX/NOPB
NRND
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
Call TI | SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
5101
M
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
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RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of