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LMV227SDX/NOPB

LMV227SDX/NOPB

  • 厂商:

    BURR-BROWN(德州仪器)

  • 封装:

    WSON6_EP

  • 描述:

    IC RF DETECTOR CDMA/WCDMA 6WSON

  • 数据手册
  • 价格&库存
LMV227SDX/NOPB 数据手册
LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 LMV227 Production RF Tested, RF Power Detector for CDMA and WCDMA Check for Samples: LMV227 FEATURES DESCRIPTION • • • • The LMV227 is a 30 dB RF power detector intended for use in CDMA and WCDMA applications. The device has an RF frequency range from 450 MHz to 2 GHz. It provides an accurate temperature and supply compensated output voltage that relates linearly to the RF input power in dBm. The circuit operates with a single supply from 2.7V to 5V. The LMV227 has an integrated filter for low-ripple average power detection of CDMA signals with 30 dB dynamic range. Additional filtering can be applied using a single external capacitor. 1 2 • 30 dB Linear in dB Power Detection Range Output Voltage Range 0.2 to 2V Logic Low Shutdown Multi-band Operation from 450 MHz to 2000 MHz Accurate Temperature Compensation APPLICATIONS • • • • CDMA RF Power Control WCDMA RF Power Control CDMA2000 RF Power Control PA Modules The LMV227 has an RF power detection range from 30 dBm to 0 dBm and is ideally suited for direct use in combination with resistive taps. The device is active for Enable = HI, otherwise it goes into a low power consumption shutdown mode. During shutdown the output will be LOW. The output voltage ranges from 0.2V to 2V and can be scaled down to meet ADC input range requirements. The output signal bandwidth can optionally be lowered externally as well. TYPICAL APPLICATION RF ANTENNA PA R1 1.8 k: C 100 pF RFIN/EN VDD LMV227 OUT ENABLE R2 10 k: GND 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage ESD Tolerance (1) (2) VDD - GND (3) 6.0V Max Human Body Model 2000V Machine Model 200V −65°C to 150°C Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature (4) 150°C Max Mounting Temperature (1) (2) (3) (4) Infrared or convection (20 sec) 235°C Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not ensured. For ensured specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the TI Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Human body model: 1.5 kΩ in series with 100 pF. Machine model, 0Ω in series with 100 pF. The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX) , θJA and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(MAX) - TA)/θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly into a PC board OPERATING RATINGS (1) Supply Voltage 2.7V to 5.5V −40°C to +85°C Temperature Range (1) Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but specific performance is not ensured. For ensured specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. 2.7 DC AND AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Unless otherwise specified, all limits are specified to VDD = 2.7V; TJ = 25°C. Boldface limits apply at temperature extremes. Symbol IDD Parameter Condition Supply Current VLOW EN Logic Low Input Level (2) VHIGH EN Logic High Input Level (2) ton Turn-on- Time tr Rise Time IEN Current into RFIN/EN Pin PIN Input Power Range (3) Logarithmic Slope Typ Max Units Active mode: RFIN/EN = VDD (DC), No RF Input Power Present. Min 4.9 7 8 mA Shutdown: RFIN/EN = GND (DC), No RF Input Power Present. 0.6 4.5 μA 0.8 V 1.8 (5) 2.1 Step from No Power to 0 dBm Applied 4.5 900 MHz 1855 MHz (2) (3) (4) (5) 2 μs μs 1 μA -30 0 dBm -43 -13 dBV 43.3 1800 MHz (1) V No RF Input Power Present (4) (1) 43.9 36 43.5 1900 MHz 44.0 2000 MHz 43.2 51 mV/dB Electrical Table values apply only for factory testing conditions at the temperature indicated. Factory testing conditions result in very limited self-heating of the device such that TJ = TA. No ensured specification of parametric performance is indicated in the electrical tables under conditions of internal self-heating where TJ > TA. All limits are specified by design or statistical analysis Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm. Power in dBV = dBm −13 when the impedance is 50Ω. Device is set in active mode with a 10 kΩ resistor from VDD to RFIN/EN. RF signal is applied using a 50Ω RF signal generator AC coupled to the RFIN/EN pin using a 100 pF coupling capacitor. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 2.7 DC AND AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Unless otherwise specified, all limits are specified to VDD = 2.7V; TJ = 25°C. Boldface limits apply at temperature extremes. (1) Symbol Parameter Logarithmic Intercept Condition (5) Min Typ Max Units −33 dBm −46.7 900 MHz −44.1 1800 MHz −56 1855 MHz −44.3 1900 MHz −42.8 2000 MHz −43.7 VOUT Output Voltage No RF Input Power Present 208 350 mV ROUT Output Impedance No RF Input Power Present 20.3 29 34 kΩ en Output Referred Noise RF Input = 1800 MHz, −10 dBm, Measured at 10 kHz 700 Variation over Temperature 900 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0.64 −1.07 1800 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0.09 −0.86 1900 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0 −0.69 2000 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0 −0.86 nV/√Hz dB 5.0 DC AND AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Unless otherwise specified, all limits are specified to VDD = 5.0V; TJ = 25°C. Boldface limits apply at temperature extremes. Symbol IDD Parameter Condition Supply Current EN Logic Low Input Level (2) VHIGH EN Logic High Input Level (2) ton Turn-on- Time tr Rise Time VLOW IEN PIN, (3) Input Power Range Max Units 5.3 7 9 mA Shutdown: RFIN/EN = GND (DC), No RF Input Power Present. 0.49 4.5 μA 0.8 V 1.8 V No RF Input Power Present 2.1 μs Step from No Power to 0 dBm Applied 4.5 μs (5) VOUT (5) Output Voltage μA 1 (4) Logarithmic Intercept (2) (3) (4) (5) Min Current Into RFIN/EN Pin MIN Logarithmic Slope (1) Typ Active Mode: RFIN/EN = VDD (DC), No RF Input Power Present. (1) -30 0 dBm -43 -13 dBV 900 MHz 43.6 1800 MHz 44.5 1900 MHz 44.5 2000 MHz 43.7 900 MHz -48.1 1800 MHz -45.6 1900 MHz -44.2 2000 MHz -45.6 No RF Input Power Present 211 mV/dB dBm 400 mV Electrical Table values apply only for factory testing conditions at the temperature indicated. Factory testing conditions result in very limited self-heating of the device such that TJ = TA. No ensured specification of parametric performance is indicated in the electrical tables under conditions of internal self-heating where TJ > TA. All limits are specified by design or statistical analysis Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm. Power in dBV = dBm −13 when the impedance is 50Ω. Device is set in active mode with a 10 kΩ resistor from VDD to RFIN/EN. RF signal is applied using a 50Ω RF signal generator AC coupled to the RFIN/EN pin using a 100 pF coupling capacitor. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 3 LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com 5.0 DC AND AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Unless otherwise specified, all limits are specified to VDD = 5.0V; TJ = 25°C. Boldface limits apply at temperature extremes. (1) Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Units 29 31 kΩ ROUT Output Impedance No RF Input Power Present 23.4 en Output Referred Noise RF Input = 1800 MHz, −10 dBm, Measured at 10 kHz 700 Variation over Temperature 900 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0.89 −1.16 1800 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0.3 −0.82 1900 MHz, RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0.34 −0.63 2000 MHz RFIN = 0 dBm Referred to 25°C +0.22 −0.75 nV/√Hz dB CONNECTION DIAGRAM GND 6 OUT 1 NC 2 5 NC RFIN/EN 3 4 VDD Figure 1. 6-pin WSON Top View PIN DESCRIPTIONS Pin Power Supply Output 4 Name Description 4 VDD Positive supply voltage 1 GND Power ground 3 RFIN/EN 6 OUT DC voltage determines enable state of the device (HIGH = device active). AC voltage is the RF input signal to the detector (beyond 450 MHz). The RFIN/EN pin is internally terminated with 50Ω in series with 45 pF. Ground referenced detector output voltage (linear in dBm) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD LOGIC ENABLE DETECTOR I/I OUT RFIN/EN 10 dB 10 dB 10 dB GND Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 5 LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Unless otherwise specified, VDD = 2.7V, TJ = 25°C. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Output Voltage vs. RF Input Power 2.50 8 2.25 900MHz 2.00 85°C 7 1800MHz 1.75 2000MHz 6.5 6 VOUT (V) 25°C 5.5 1.50 1900MHz 1.25 1.00 0.75 5 0.50 -40°C 4.5 0.25 3 3.5 4 4.5 0.00 -50 5 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 Figure 3. Output Voltage and Log Conformance vs. RF Input Power @ 900 MHz Output Voltage and Log Conformance vs. RF Input Power @ 1800 MHz 2.50 5 5 85°C 2.25 85°C 85°C 25°C 2.00 4 2.25 3 2.00 2 1.75 1.25 0 -40°C 1.00 -1 0.75 0.50 VOUT (V) 1 1.50 ERROR (dB) VOUT (V) -40°C 4 25°C 85°C 3 25°C 1.75 25°C 2 1.50 -40°C 1 1.25 0 -40°C 1.00 -1 -2 0.75 -2 -3 0.50 -3 0.25 -4 0.25 -4 0.00 -50 -5 0.00 -50 -5 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 -40 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 4. Figure 5. Output Voltage and Log Conformance vs. RF Input Power @ 1900 MHz Output Voltage and Log Conformance vs. RF Input Power @ 2000 MHz 2.50 5 2.50 4 2.25 3 2.00 2 1.75 5 85°C 2.25 85°C 25°C 85°C 2.00 4 85°C 1 0 -1 -40°C VOUT (V) -40°C 1.25 ERROR (dB) 1.50 1.00 25°C 3 25°C 25°C 1.75 VOUT (V) 20 Figure 2. 2.50 2 1.50 -40°C 1 1.25 1.00 0 -1 -40°C 0.75 -2 0.75 -2 0.50 -3 0.50 -3 0.25 -4 0.25 -4 -5 0.00 -50 0.00 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) -5 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 6. 6 10 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) ERROR (dB) 4 2.5 ERROR (dB) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 7.5 Figure 7. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Unless otherwise specified, VDD = 2.7V, TJ = 25°C. Logarithmic Slope vs. Frequency Logarithmic Intercept vs. Frequency 47 -43 46 -40°C -44 44 INTERCEPT (dBm) SLOPE (mV/dB) 45 25°C 43 42 41 85°C 40 -40°C -45 25°C -46 -47 39 38 85°C 37 400 800 1200 1600 -48 400 2000 800 1200 1600 2000 FREQUENCY (MHz) FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 8. Figure 9. Output Variation vs. RF Input Power Normalized to 25°C @ 900 MHz Output Variation vs. RF Input Power Normalized to 25°C @ 1800 MHz 1.5 1.5 85°C 1.0 85°C 0.5 ERROR (dB) ERROR (dB) 1.0 0.0 -0.5 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -40°C -1.0 -1.0 -40°C -1.5 -1.5 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 -50 20 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) RF INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 10. Figure 11. Output Variation vs. RF Input Power Normalized to 25°C @ 1900 MHz Output Variation vs. RF Input Power Normalized to 25°C @ 2000 MHz 1.5 1.5 85°C 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 ERROR (dB) ERROR (dB) 85°C 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 -1.0 -40°C -40°C -1.5 -1.5 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 12. Figure 13. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 7 LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Unless otherwise specified, VDD = 2.7V, TJ = 25°C. 8 PSRR vs. Frequency RF Input Impedance vs. Frequency @ Resistance and Reactance Figure 14. Figure 15. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 APPLICATION NOTES CONFIGURING A TYPICAL APPLICATION The LMV227 is a power detector intended for CDMA and WCDMA applications. Power measured on its input translates to a DC voltage on the output through a linear-in-dB response. The detector is especially suited for power measurements via a high-resistive tap, which eliminates the need for a directional coupler. In order to match the dynamic output range of the power amplifier (PA) with the dynamic range of the LMV227's input, the high resistive tap needs to be configured correctly. Input Attenuation The constant input impedance of the device enables the realization of a frequency independent input attenuation to adjust the LMV227's dynamic range to the dynamic range of the PA. Resistor R1 and the 50Ω input resistance of the device realize this attenuation (Figure 16). To minimize insertion loss, resistor R1 needs to be sufficiently large. The following example demonstrates how to determine the proper value for R1. Suppose the useful output power of the PA ranges up to +31 dBm and the LMV227 can handle input power levels up to 0 dBm. Hence, R1 should realize a minimum attenuation of 31 - 0 = 31 dB. The attenuation realized by R1 and the effective input resistance RIN of the detector equals: AdB = 20·LOG 1 + R1 = 31dB RIN (1) Solving this expression for R1, using that RIN = 50Ω, yields: AdB 31 20 20 -1 · RIN = 10 -1 · 50 = 1724: R1 = 10 (2) In Figure 16, R1 is set to 1800Ω resulting in an attenuation of 31.4 dB DC and AC Behavior of the RFIN/EN Pin The LMV227 RFIN/EN pin has 2 functions combined: • Shutdown functionality • Power detection The capacitor C and the resistor R2 of Figure 16 separate the DC shutdown functionality from the AC power measurement. The device is active when Enable = HI, otherwise it goes into a low power consumption shutdown mode. During shutdown the output will be LOW. Capacitor C should be chosen sufficiently large to ensure a corner frequency far below the lowest input frequency to be measured. The corner frequency can be calculated using: 1 f= C · CIN 2 S (R1 + RIN) C + CIN (3) Where RIN = 50Ω, CIN = 45 pF typical. With R1 = 1800Ω and C is 100 pF, this results in a corner frequency of 2.8 MHz Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 9 LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com RF ANTENNA PA R1 1.8 k: C 100 pF VDD RFIN/EN LMV227 RIN CIN OUT R2 ENABLE 10 k: GND Figure 16. Typical Application The output voltage is linear with the logarithm of the input power, often called "linear-in-dB". Figure 17 shows the typical output voltage versus PA output power of the LMV227 setup as depicted in Figure 16. LMV227 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 PA OUTPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 17. Typical Power Detector Response, VOUT vs. PA Output Power OUTPUT RIPPLE DUE TO AM MODULATION A CDMA modulated carrier wave generally contains some amplitude modulation that might disturb the RF power measurement used for controlling the PA. This section explains the relation between amplitude modulation in the RF signal and the ripple on the output of the LMV227. Expressions are provided to estimate this ripple on the output. The ripple can be further reduced by connecting an additional capacitor to the output of the LMV227 to ground. Estimating Output Ripple The CDMA modulated RF input signal of Figure 18 can be described as: VIN(t) = VIN [1 + μ(t)] cos (2 · π · f · t) (4) In which the amplitude modulation μ(t) can be between −1 and 1. 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 VIN (1 + P VIN VIN (1 - P 0 Figure 18. AM Modulated RF Signal The ripple observed on the output of the detector equals the detectors response to variation on the input due to AM modulation (Figure 18). This signal has a maximum amplitude VIN(1+μ) and a minimum amplitude VIN(1−μ), where 1+μ can be maximum 2 and 1−μ can be minimum 0. The ripple can be described with the formula: 2 2 VIN (1 + P)2 VRIPPLE = VY 10 LOG 2RIN VIN (1 - P)2 +30 -VY +30 10 LOG 2RIN PINMIN IN dBm PINMAX IN dBm (5) where VY is the slope of the detection curve (Figure 19) and µ is the modulation index. Equation 5 can be reduced to: VRIPPLE = VY · 20 LOG 1+P 1-P (6) Consequently, the ripple is independent of the average input power of the RF input signal and only depends on the logarithmic slope VY and the ratio of the maximum and the minimum input signal amplitude. For CDMA, the ratio of the maximum and the minimum input signal amplitude modulation is typically in the order of 5 to 6 dB, which is equivalent to a modulation index µ of 0.28 to 0.33. A further understanding of the equation above can be achieved via the knowledge that the output voltage VOUT of the LMV227 is linear in dB, or proportional to the input power PIN in dBm. As discussed earlier, CDMA contains amplitude modulation in the order of 5 to 6 dB. Since the transfer is linear in dB, the output voltage VOUT will vary linearly over about 5 to 6 dB in the curve (Figure 19). VOUT (V) 200mV SLOPE = VY 5dB PZ PIN (dBm) Figure 19. VOUT vs. RF Input Power PIN Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 11 LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Besides the ripple due to AM modulation, the log- conformance error contributes to a variation in VOUT. For details see the typical performance characteristics curves. The output voltage variation ΔVOUT thus is always the same for RF input signals which fall within the linear range (in dB) of the detector plus the log-conformance error: ΔVO = VY · ΔPIN + Log Conformance Error (7) In which VY is the slope of the curve. The log-conformance error is usually much smaller than the ripple due to AM modulation. In case of the LMV227, VY = 40 mV/dB. With ΔPIN = 5 dB for CDMA, the ΔVO = 200 mVPP. This is valid for all VOUT. Output Ripple With Additional Filtering The calculated result above is for an unfiltered configuration. When a low pass filter is used by shunting a capacitor of e.g. COUT = 1.5 nF at the output of the LMV227 to ground, this ripple is further attenuated. The cutoff frequency follows from: fC = 1 2 S COUT RO (8) With the output resistance of the LMV227 RO = 19.8 kΩ typical and COUT = 1.5 nF, the cut-off frequency equals fC = 5.36 kHz. A 100 kHz AM signal then gets attenuated by 5.36/100 or 25.4 dB. The remaining ripple will be less than 20 mV. With a slope of 40 mV/dB this translates into an error of less than 0.5 dB. Output Ripple Measurement Figure 20 shows the ripple reduction that can be achieved by adding additional capacitance on the output of the LMV227. The RF signal of 900 MHz is AM modulated with a 100 kHz sinewave and a modulation index of 0.3. The RF input power is swept while the modulation index remains unchanged. Without additional capacitance the ripple is about 200 mVPP. Connecting a capacitor of 1.5 nF at the output to ground, results in a ripple of 12 mVPP. The attenuation with a 1.5 nF capacitor is then 20 · log (200/12) = 24.4 dB. This is very close to the number calculated in the previous paragraph. 1000 OUTPUT RIPPLE (mVPP) NO ADDITIONAL CAPACITOR 100 10 COUT = 1.5nF 1 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 RF INPUT POWER (dBm) Figure 20. Output Ripple vs. RF Input Power PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The logarithmic response of the LMV227 is implemented by a de-modulating logarithmic amplifier as shown in Figure 21. The logarithmic amplifier consists of a number of cascaded linear gain cells. With these gain cells, a piecewise approximation of the logarithmic function is constructed. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 + + + + Y A/0 A/0 X0 A/0 X1 A/0 X2 X4 X3 Figure 21. Logarithmic Amplifier Every gain cell has a response according to Figure 22. At a certain threshold (EK), the gain cell starts to saturate, which means that the gain drops to zero. The output of gain cell 1 is connected to the input of gain cell 2 and so on. y x0 xA A/0 x y x EK Figure 22. Gain Cell All gain cell outputs are AM-demodulated with a peak detector and summed together. This results in a logarithmic function. The logarithmic range is about: 20 · n · log (A) (9) where, n = number of gain cells A = gain per gaincell Figure 23 shows a logarithmic function on a linear scale and the piecewise approximation of the logarithmic function. Y Y = LOG (X) 3 EK/A EK/A EK/A 1 X (LIN) EK 2 Figure 23. Log-Function on Lin Scale Figure 24 shows a logarithmic function on a logarithmic scale and the piecewise approximation of the logarithmic function. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 13 LMV227 SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Y Y=X Y = AX 2 Y=A X 3 Y=A X EK/A3 EK/A2 EK/A1 EK X (Log) Figure 24. Log-Function on Log Scale The maximum error for this approximation occurs at the geometric mean of a gain section, which is e.g. for the third segment: EK A 2 · EK A 1 = EK A A (10) The size of the error increases with distance between the thresholds. LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS For a properly functioning part a good board layout is necessary. Special care should be taken for the series resistance R1 (Figure 16) that determines the attenuation. This series resistance should have a sufficiently high bandwidth. The bandwidth will drop when the parasitic capacitance of the resistance is too high, which will cause a significant attenuation drop at the GSM frequencies and can cause non-linear behavior. To reduce the parasitic capacitance across resistor R1, it can be composed of several resistor in series in stead of a single component. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 LMV227 www.ti.com SNWS016D – NOVEMBER 2004 – REVISED MARCH 2013 REVISION HISTORY Changes from Revision C (March 2013) to Revision D • Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2004–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LMV227 15 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 29-Aug-2015 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (4/5) LMV227SD/NOPB ACTIVE WSON NGF 6 TBD Call TI Call TI A88 LMV227SDX/NOPB ACTIVE WSON NGF 6 TBD Call TI Call TI A88 (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 29-Aug-2015 In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 8-Apr-2013 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Package Pins Type Drawing SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant LMV227SD/NOPB WSON NGF 6 1000 178.0 12.4 2.8 2.5 1.0 8.0 12.0 Q1 LMV227SDX/NOPB WSON NGF 6 4500 330.0 12.4 2.8 2.5 1.0 8.0 12.0 Q1 Pack Materials-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 8-Apr-2013 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) LMV227SD/NOPB WSON NGF 6 1000 210.0 185.0 35.0 LMV227SDX/NOPB WSON NGF 6 4500 367.0 367.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 MECHANICAL DATA NGF0006A www.ti.com IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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