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LP2950-N, LP2951-N
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
LP295x-N Series of Adjustable Micropower Voltage Regulators
1 Features
3 Description
•
•
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N are micropower
voltage regulators with very low quiescent current
(75 µA typical) and very low dropout voltage (typical
40 mV at light loads and 380 mV at 100 mA). They
are ideally suited for use in battery-powered systems.
Furthermore, the quiescent current of the device
increases only slightly in dropout, prolonging battery
life.
1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Input Voltage Range: 2.3 V to 30 V
5-V, 3-V, and 3.3-V Output Voltage Versions
Available
High Accuracy Output Voltage
Ensured 100-mA Output Current
Extremely Low Quiescent Current
Low Dropout Voltage
Extremely Tight Load and Line Regulation
Very Low Temperature Coefficient
Use as Regulator or Reference
Needs Minimum Capacitance for Stability
Current and Thermal Limiting
Stable With Low-ESR Output Capacitors (10 mΩ
to 6 Ω)
LP2951-N Versions Only:
– Error Flag Warns of Output Dropout
– Logic-Controlled Electronic Shutdown
– Output Programmable From 1.24 V to 29 V
2 Applications
•
•
•
•
High-Efficiency Linear Regulator
Regulator with Undervoltage Shutdown
Low Dropout Battery-powered Regulator
Snap-ON/Snap-OFF Regulator
space
space
space
space
space
space
space
space
space
Careful design of the LP2950-N/LP2951-N has
minimized all contributions to the error budget. This
includes a tight initial tolerance (0.5% typical),
extremely good load and line regulation (0.05%
typical) and a very low output voltage temperature
coefficient, making the part useful as a low-power
voltage reference.
One such feature is an error flag output which warns
of a low output voltage, often due to falling batteries
on the input. It may be used for a power-on reset. A
second feature is the logic-compatible shutdown input
which enables the regulator to be switched on and
off. Also, the part may be pin-strapped for a 5-V, 3-V,
or 3.3-V output (depending on the version), or
programmed from 1.24 V to 29 V with an external
pair of resistors.
The LP2950-N is available in the surface-mount TO252 package and in the popular 3-pin TO-92 package
for pin-compatibility with older 5-V regulators. The 8pin LP2951-N is available in plastic, ceramic dual-inline, WSON, or metal can packages and offers
additional system functions.
Device Information(1)
PART NUMBER
LP2950-N
LP2951-N
PACKAGE
BODY SIZE (NOM)
TO-92 (3)
4.30 mm × 4.30 mm
TO-252 (3)
9.91 mm × 6.58 mm
SOIC (8)
4.90 mm × 3.91 mm
VSSOP (8)
3.00 mm × 3.00 mm
WSON (8)
4.00 mm × 4.00 mm
PDIP (8)
9.81 mm × 6.35 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
LP2951 Simplified Schematic
LP2951
VOUT
OUT
VIN
IN
COUT
2.2 µF
SENSE
LP2950-N Simplified Schematic
LP2950
CIN
1 µF
FEEDBACK
VIN
SHUTDOWN
SHUTDOWN
VTAP
R1
330 k
GND
ERROR
VOUT
OUT
IN
VFEEDBACK
CIN
1 µF
GND
VOUT
COUT
2.2 µF
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Voltage Options .....................................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
8
1
1
1
2
3
4
5
Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 5
ESD Ratings.............................................................. 5
Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 5
Thermal Information: LP2950-N................................ 6
Thermal Information: LP2951-N................................ 6
Electrical Characteristics........................................... 7
Typical Characteristics ............................................ 10
Detailed Description ............................................ 16
8.1 Overview ................................................................. 16
8.2 Functional Block Diagrams ..................................... 16
8.3 Feature Description................................................. 17
8.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 18
9
Application and Implementation ........................ 19
9.1 Application Information............................................ 19
9.2 Typical Applications ................................................ 20
10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 32
11 Layout................................................................... 32
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 32
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 32
11.3 WSON Mounting ................................................... 33
12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 34
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
Documentation Support .......................................
Related Links ........................................................
Community Resources..........................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
34
34
34
34
34
34
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 34
4 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
Changes from Revision P (May 2016) to Revision Q
•
Page
Changed LP2951-N ESD parameter pin references and added SENSE pin row to LP2951-N ESD parameter in ESD
Ratings table........................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Changes from Revision O (December 2014) to Revision P
Page
•
Added rows to ESD Ratings table to differentiate values for pins 3 and 7 of the LP2951-N device...................................... 5
•
Added footnotes 2 and 3 to both Thermal Information tables ............................................................................................... 6
Changes from Revision N (May 2013) to Revision O
•
Page
Added Device Information and ESD Rating tables, Feature Description, Device Functional Modes, Application and
Implementation, Power Supply Recommendations, Layout, Device and Documentation Support, and Mechanical,
Packaging, and Orderable Information sections; moved some curves to Application Curves section; update pin
names; change package nomenclature from National to TI .................................................................................................. 1
Changes from Revision M (April 2013) to Revision N
•
2
Page
Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ............................................................................................................ 1
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Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
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SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
5 Voltage Options
DEVICE NUMBER
PACKAGE
VOLTAGE OPTION (V)
3 (±0.5%, ±1 %)
TO-92 (LP)
3.3 (±0.5%, ±1 %)
5 (±0.5%, ±1 %)
LP2950-N
3 (±1 %)
TO-252 (NDP)
3.3 (±1%)
5 (±1%)
3 (±0.5%, ±1%)
SOIC (D)
3.3 (±0.5%, ±1%)
5 (±0.5%, ±1%)
3 (±0.5%, ±1%)
LP2951-N
VSSOP (DGK)
3.3 (±0.5%, ±1%)
5 (±0.5%, ±1%)
3 (±0.5%, ±1%)
WSON (NGT)
3.3 (±0.5%, ±1%)
5 (±0.5%, ±1%)
PDIP (P)
5 (±0.5%, ±1%)
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
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SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
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6 Pin Configuration and Functions
LP Package
3-Pin TO-92
Bottom View
NDP Package
3-Pin TO-252
Front View
P, D, DGK Packages
8-Pin PDIP, SOIC, VSSOP
Top View
NGT Package
8-Pin WSON
Top View
8
OUT 1
IN
7 FEEDBACK
SENSE 2
DAP
SHUTDOWN 3
6
GND 4
VTAP
5 ERROR
Connect DAP to GND at device pin 4.
Pin Functions: LP2950-N
PIN
LP2950
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
LP
NDP
GND
2
2
IN
3
1
I
Input supply voltage
OUT
1
3
O
Regulated output voltage
—
Ground
Pin Functions: LP2951-N
PIN
LP2951
NAME
I/O
DESCRIPTION
D, DGK, P
NGT
ERROR
5
5
O
Error output
FEEDBACK
7
7
I
Voltage feedback input
GROUND
4
4
—
IN
8
8
I
Input supply voltage
OUT
1
1
O
Regulated output voltage
SENSE
2
2
I
Output voltage sense
SHUTDOWN
3
3
I
Disable device
VTAP
6
6
O
Internal resistor divider
4
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Ground
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
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SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
7 Specifications
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1) (2)
Input supply voltage - SHUTDOWN input voltage error comparator output voltage (3)
FEEDBACK input voltage
(3) (4)
MIN
MAX
UNIT
–0.3
30
V
30
V
–1.5
Power dissipation
Internally Limited
Junction temperature, TJ
150
Soldering dwell time, temperature
Wave
4 seconds, 260
Infrared
10 seconds, 240
Vapor phase
75 seconds, 219
Storage temperature, Tstg
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
–65
°C
150
°C
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/Distributors for availability and
specifications.
May exceed input supply voltage.
When used in dual-supply systems where the output terminal sees loads returned to a negative supply, the output voltage should be
diode-clamped to ground.
7.2 ESD Ratings
VALUE
UNIT
±2500
V
LP2950-N
V(ESD)
Electrostatic
discharge
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 (1)
LP2951-N
V(ESD)
(1)
Electrostatic
discharge
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS001 (1)
IN, OUT, GND, ERROR
±2500
SHUTDOWN
±2000
SENSE
±1500
VTAP, FEEDBACK
±1000
V
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
MIN
Maximum input supply voltage
Junction temperature, TJ (2)
(1)
(2)
MAX
UNIT
30
V
LP2950AC-XX, LP2950C-XX
–40
125
°C
LP2951
–55
150
°C
LP2951AC-XX, LP2951C-XX
–40
125
°C
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
The junction-to-ambient thermal resistances are as follows: 157.4°C/W for the TO-92 (LP) package, 51.3°C/W for the TO-252 (NDP)
package, 56.3°C/W for the molded PDIP (P), 117.7°C/W for the molded plastic SOIC (D), 171°C/W for the molded plastic VSSOP
(DGK). The above thermal resistances for the P, D, and DGK packages apply when the package is soldered directly to the PCB. The
value of RθJA for the WSON (NGT) package is typically 43.3°C/W but is dependent on the PCB trace area, trace material, and the
number of layers and thermal vias. For details of thermal resistance and power dissipation for the WSON package, see AN-1187
Leadless Leadframe Package (LLP).
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
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SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
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7.4 Thermal Information: LP2950-N
LP2950-N
THERMAL METRIC (1)
LP (TO-92)
NDP (TO-252)
3 PINS
3 PINS
UNIT
157.4
51.3 (3)
°C/W
RθJA (2)
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, High-K
RθJC(top)
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
81.2
53.5
°C/W
RθJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
153.6
30.4
°C/W
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
25.2
5.5
°C/W
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
n/a
30
°C/W
RθJC(bot)
Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
n/a
2.2
°C/W
(1)
(2)
(3)
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report.
Thermal resistance value RθJA is based on the EIA/JEDEC High-K printed circuit board defined by JESD51-7 - High Effective Thermal
Conductivity Test Board for Leaded Surface Mount Packages.
The PCB for the TO-252 (NDP) package RθJA includes twelve (12) thermal vias under the tab per EIA/JEDEC JESD51-5.
7.5 Thermal Information: LP2951-N
LP2951-N
THERMAL METRIC (1)
P (PDIP)
D (SOIC)
DGK
(VSSOP)
NGT
(WSON)
UNIT
8 PINS
8 PINS
8 PINS
8 PINS
RθJA (2)
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance, High K
56.3
117.7
171.0
43.3 (3)
°C/W
RθJC(top)
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
45.7
63.7
62.3
35.0
°C/W
RθJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
33.5
57.9
91.4
23.3
°C/W
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
22.9
15.9
8.9
0.5
°C/W
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
33.3
57.5
90.1
20.5
°C/W
RθJC(bot)
Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
n/a
n/a
n/a
9.1
°C/W
(1)
(2)
(3)
6
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report.
Thermal resistance value RθJA is based on the EIA/JEDEC High-K printed circuit board defined by JESD51-7 - High Effective Thermal
Conductivity Test Board for Leaded Surface Mount Packages.
The PCB for the WSON (NGT) package RθJA includes six (6) thermal vias under the exposed thermal pad per EIA/JEDEC JESD51-5.
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SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
7.6 Electrical Characteristics
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (1)
PARAMETER
LP2950AC-XX
LP2951AC-XX
LP2951 (2)
TEST CONDITIONS (1)
LP2950C-XX
LP2951C-XX
UNIT
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
MIN
TYP
MAX
2.985
3
3.015
2.985
3
3.015
2.970
3
3.030
V (4)
2.970
3
3.030
2.955
3
3.045
V (5)
3-V VERSIONS (3)
TJ = 25°C
−25°C ≤ TJ ≤ 85°C
Output voltage
Output voltage
Full operating
temperature range
2.964
100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA,
100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA,
TJ ≤ TJMAX
2.955
TJ = 25°C
3.284
3
V (4)
3.036
2.964
3
3
3.036
2.940
3
V (5)
3.060
V (4)
3.045
2.958
3
3.042
2.928
3
3.072
V (5)
3.284
3.3
3.317
3.267
3.3
3.333
V (4)
3.267
3.3
3.333
3.251
3.3
3.350
V (5)
3.3-V VERSIONS (3)
−25°C ≤ TJ ≤ 85°C
Output voltage
Output voltage
3.3
3.317
3.3
Full operating
temperature range
3.260
100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA, TJ
≤ TJMAX
3.251
TJ = 25°C
4.975
3.3
V (4)
3.340
3.260
3.3
3.3
3.340
3.234
3.3
V (5)
3.366
V (4)
3.350
3.254
3.3
3.346
3.221
3.3
3.379
V (5)
4.975
5
5.025
4.95
5
5.05
V (4)
4.95
5
5.05
4.925
5
5.075
V (5)
5-V VERSIONS (3)
−25°C ≤ TJ ≤ 85°C
Output voltage
5.025
5
4.94
Full operating
temperature range
5
V (4)
5.06
4.94
4.925
100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA, TJ
≤ TJMAX
Output voltage
5
5
5
5.06
4.9
5
V (5)
5.1
V (4)
5.075
4.925
5
5.075
4.88
5
V (5)
5.12
ALL VOLTAGE OPTIONS
Output voltage
temperature
coefficient
Line regulation
(7)
Load regulation
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
20
See (6), –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
(7)
ppm/°C (4)
120
100
50
150
ppm/°C (5)
0.03% 0.11%
0.04%
0.2%
See (4)
20
(VONOM + 1 V) ≤ Vin ≤ 30
V (8)
0.03%
0.1%
(VONOM + 1 V) ≤ Vin ≤ 30
V (8), –40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
0.03%
0.5%
100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA
0.04%
0.1%
100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA,
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
0.04%
0.3%
See (4)
0.03%
0.2%
0.04%
0.4%
(5)
0.04%
0.1%
0.1%
0.2%
See (4)
See (4)
0.04%
0.2%
0.1%
0.3%
See (5)
Unless otherwise noted, all limits apply for TA = TJ = 25°C as well as specified for VIN = (VONOM + 1 V), IL = 100 µA and CL = 1 µF for
5-V versions and 2.2 µF for 3-V and 3.3-V versions. Additional conditions for the 8-pin versions are FEEDBACK tied to VTAP, OUTPUT
tied to SENSE, and VSHUTDOWN ≤ 0.8 V.
A Military RETS specification is available on request.
All LP2950 devices have the nominal output voltage coded as the last two digits of the part number. In the LP2951 products, the 3-V
and 3.3-V versions are designated by the last two digits, but the 5-V version is denoted with no code at this location of the part number
(refer to the Package Option Addendum at end of data sheet).
Ensured and 100% production tested.
Ensured but not 100% production tested. These limits are not used to calculate outgoing AQL levels.
Output or reference voltage temperature coefficient is defined as the worst case voltage change divided by the total temperature range.
Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to
heating effects are covered under the specification for thermal regulation.
Line regulation for the LP2951-N is tested at 150°C for IL = 1 mA. For IL = 100 µA and TJ = 125°C, line regulation is specified by design
to 0.2%. See Typical Characteristics for line regulation versus temperature and load current.
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS (1)
MIN
IL = 100 µA
Dropout voltage (9)
TYP
MAX
50
80
IL = 100 mA
380
75
8
VIN = (VONOM − 0.5)V, IL
= 100 µA
110
VIN = (VONOM − 0.5 V), IL
= 100 µA, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
160
mV (5)
450
380
450
mV (4)
600
600
mV (4)
600
600
mV (5)
120
µA (4)
450
120
75
380
120
75
µA (4)
12
8
12
8
140
µA (5)
12
mA (4)
mA (4)
14
mA (5)
170
110
170
µA (4)
200
200
µA (4)
200
200
µA (5)
200
mA (4)
170
200
160
110
200
160
mA (4)
220
(10)
0.05
mV (4)
150
220
VOUT = 0 V, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
0.2
0.05
0.2
0.05
220
mA (5)
0.2
%/W (4)
CL = 1µF (5 V Only)
430
430
430
µVRMS
CL = 200 µF
160
160
160
µVRMS
CL = 3.3 µF
(Bypass = 0.01 µF
Pins 7 to 1 (LP2951-N)
100
100
100
µVRMS
LP2951
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
See (11), –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
1.235
1.2
Feedback pin bias
current
temperature
coefficient
1.22
1.235
LP2951C-XX
1.25
1.21
1.235
1.26
1.19
1.26 1
1.2
1.27
V (5)
V (4)
1.27
1.19
40
V (4)
V (4)
1.2
1.27
20
40
1.185
20
1.285
V (5)
40
nA (4)
60
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
See (6)
LP2951AC-XX
1.25
1.26
20
Reference voltage
temperature
coefficient
80
mV (4)
200
1.22
Feedback pin bias
current
50
14
8-PIN VERSIONS ONLY
Reference voltage
MAX
14
VOUT = 0 V
Reference voltage
80
UNIT
TYP
140
IL = 100 mA, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
Output noise
10 Hz to 100 kHz
50
MIN
140
IL = 100 mA
Thermal regulation See
MAX
600
IL = 100 µA, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
Current limit
TYP
150
IL = 100 µA
Dropout ground
current
MIN
LP2950C-XX
LP2951C-XX
150
IL = 100 µA, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
IL = 100 mA, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
Ground current
LP2950AC-XX
LP2951AC-XX
LP2951 (2)
60
60
nA
(4)
nA
(5)
20
20
50
ppm/°C
0.1
0.1
0.1
nA/°C
(9)
Dropout voltage is defined as the input to output differential at which the output voltage drops 100 mV below its nominal value measured
at 1-V differential. At very low values of programmed output voltage, the minimum input supply voltage of 2 V (2.3 V over temperature)
must be taken into account.
(10) Thermal regulation is defined as the change in output voltage at a time T after a change in power dissipation is applied, excluding load
or line regulation effects. Specifications are for a 50 mA load pulse at VIN = 30 V (1.25-W pulse) for T = 10 ms.
(11) VREF ≤ VOUT ≤ (VIN − 1 V), 2.3 V ≤ VIN ≤ 30 V, 100 µA ≤ IL ≤ 100 mA, TJ ≤ TJMAX.
8
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SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)
PARAMETER
LP2950AC-XX
LP2951AC-XX
LP2951 (2)
TEST CONDITIONS (1)
MIN
TYP
MAX
0.01
1
MIN
LP2950C-XX
LP2951C-XX
TYP
MAX
0.01
1
MIN
UNIT
TYP
MAX
0.01
1
ERROR COMPARATOR
VOH = 30 V
Output leakage
current
Upper threshold
voltage
Hysteresis
150
VIN = (VONOM − 0.5 V),
IOL = 400 µA,
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
250
150
400
See (12)
40
See (12), –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
25
See
Lower threshold
voltage
2
µA (5)
250
mV (4)
400
400
mV (4)
400
400
mV (5)
2
VIN = (VONOM − 0.5 V),
IOL = 400 µA
Output low voltage
µA (4)
2
VOH = 30 V, –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
60
40
250
60
150
40
mV (4)
60
mV (4)
25
(12)
75
95
mV (5)
25
75
95
75
95
mV (4)
mV (4)
140
See (12), –40°C ≤ TJ ≤
125°C
140
See (12)
µA (4)
15
140
15
15
1.3
1.3
mV (5)
mV
SHUTDOWN INPUT
Input
1.3
Logic voltage
Low (Regulator ON),
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
Logic voltage
High (Regulator OFF),
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
0.7
V (5)
0.7
V (4)
2
2
Vshutdown = 2.4 V
30
50
V (5)
2
30
50
30
50
100
Shutdown pin input
current
Vshutdown = 30 V
450
600
450
600
450
100
µA (5)
600
µA (4)
µA (4)
750
Vshutdown = 30 V,
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
750
See (13)
3
10
3
10
3
750
µA (5)
10
µA (4)
µA (4)
20
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
µA (4)
µA (4)
100
Vshutdown = 2.4 V
–40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 125°C
Regulator output
current in
shutdown
V
V (4)
0.6
20
20
µA (5)
(12) Comparator thresholds are expressed in terms of a voltage differential at the FEEDBACK pin below the nominal reference voltage
measured at VIN = (VO(NOM) + 1) V. To express these thresholds in terms of output voltage change, multiply by the error amplifier gain =
VOUT/VREF = (R1 + R2) / R2.For example, at a programmed output voltage of 5 V, the ERROR output is specified to go low when the
output drops by 95 mV × 5 V / 1.235 V = 384 mV. Thresholds remain constant as a percent of VOUT as VOUT is varied, with the dropout
warning occurring at typically 5% below nominal, 7.5% ensured.
(13) VSHUTDOWN ≥ 2 V, VIN ≤ 30 V, VOUT = 0, FEEDBACK pin tied to VTAP.
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7.7 Typical Characteristics
10
Figure 1. Quiescent Current
Figure 2. Dropout Characteristics
Figure 3. Input Current
Figure 4. Input Current
Figure 5. Output Voltage vs. Temperature of 3
Representative Units
Figure 6. Quiescent Current
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
Figure 7. Quiescent Current
Figure 8. Quiescent Current
Figure 9. Quiescent Current
Figure 10. Short Circuit Current
Figure 11. Dropout Voltage
Figure 12. Dropout Voltage
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
12
Figure 13. LP2951-N Minimum Operating Voltage
Figure 14. LP2951-N Feedback Bias Current
Figure 15. LP2951-N Feedback Pin Current
Figure 16. LP2951-N Error Comparator Output
Figure 17. LP2951-N Comparator Sink Current
Figure 18. LP2951-N Enable Transient
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
Figure 19. Output Impedance
Figure 20. Ripple Rejection
Figure 21. Ripple Rejection
Figure 22. Ripple Rejection
Figure 23. LP2951-N Output Noise
Figure 24. LP2951-N Divider Resistance
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
Figure 25. Shutdown Threshold Voltage
Figure 26. Line Regulation
Figure 27. LP2951-N Maximum Rated Output Current
Figure 28. LP2950-N Maximum Rated Output Current
Figure 29. Thermal Response
Figure 30. Output Capacitor ESR Range
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
120
VSD= 2.0V
Output Load = Open
100
INPUT PIN CURRENT, IIN( A)
INPUT PIN CURRENT, IIN( A)
120
80
60
40
Ta= -50°C
Ta= -40°C
Ta= +25°C
Ta= +125°C
20
0
VSD= 2.0V
Output Load = Short to Ground
100
80
60
40
Ta= -50°C
Ta= -40°C
Ta= +25°C
Ta= +125°C
20
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
INPUT PIN VOLTAGE, VIN(V)
30
Figure 31. LP2951-N Input Pin Current vs Input Voltage
0
5
10
15
20
25
INPUT PIN VOLTAGE, VIN(V)
30
Figure 32. LP2951-N Input Pin Current vs Input Voltage
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8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N are very high accuracy micro power voltage regulators with low quiescent current
(75 µA typical) and low dropout voltage (typical 40 mV at light loads and 380 mV at 100 mA). They are ideally
suited for use in battery-powered systems.
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N block diagram contains several features, including:
• Very high accuracy 1.23-V reference;
• Fixed 5-V, 3-V, and 3.3-V versions; and
• Internal protection circuitry, such as foldback current limit, and thermal shutdown.
The LP2951-N VERSIONS ONLY:
• Fixed 5-V, 3-V, and 3.3-V versions and programmable output version from 1.24 V to 29 V with an external
pair of resistors;
• Shutdown input, allowing turn off the regulator when the SHUTDOWN pin is pulled low; and
• Error flag output, which may be used for a power-on reset.
8.2 Functional Block Diagrams
Figure 33. LP2950-N Functional Block Diagram
Figure 34. LP2951-N Functional Block Diagram
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8.3 Feature Description
8.3.1 Fixed Voltage Options and Programmable Voltage Version
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N provide 3 fixed output options: 3 V, 3.3 V, and 5 V. Please consult factory for
custom voltages. In order to meet different application requirements, LP2951-N can also be used as a
programmable voltage regulator, with an external resistors network; please refer to Application and
Implementation for more details.
8.3.2 High Accuracy Output Voltage
With special carful design to minimize all contributions to the output voltage error, the LP2950-N/LP2951-N
distinguished itself as a very high output voltage accuracy micro power LDO. This includes a tight initial tolerance
(0.5% typical), extremely good load and line regulation (.05% typical) and a very low output voltage temperature
coefficient, making the part an ideal a low-power voltage reference.
8.3.3 Low Dropout Voltage
Generally speaking, the dropout voltage often refers to the voltage difference between the input and output
voltage (VDO = VIN – VOUT), where the main current pass-FET is fully on in the ohmic region of operation and is
characterized by the classic RDS(ON) of the FET. VDO indirectly specifies a minimum input voltage above the
nominal programmed output voltage at which the output voltage is expected to remain within its accuracy
boundary.
8.3.4 Shutdown Mode
When the SHUTDOWN pin is pulled to high level, LP2951-N enters shutdown mode and a very low quiescent
current is consumed. This function is designed for the application which needs a shutdown mode to effectively
enhance battery life cycle.
8.3.5 Error Detection Comparator Output
The LP2951-N generates a logic low output whenever its output falls out of regulation by more than
approximately 5%. Please refer to Application and Implementation for more details.
8.3.6
Internal Protection Circuitry
8.3.6.1 Short-Circuit Protection (Current Limit)
The internal current limit circuit is used to protect the LDO against high-load current faults or shorting events. The
LDO is not designed to operate in a steady-state current limit. During a current-limit event, the LDO sources
constant current. Therefore, the output voltage falls when load impedance decreases. Note also that if a current
limit occurs and the resulting output voltage is low, excessive power may be dissipated across the LDO, resulting
in a thermal shutdown of the output. A fold back feature limits the short-circuit current to protect the regulator
from damage under all load conditions. If OUT is forced below 0 V before EN goes high and the load current
required exceeds the fold back current limit, the device may not start up correctly.
8.3.6.2 Thermal Protection
The device contains a thermal shutdown protection circuit to turn off the output current when excessive heat is
dissipated in the LDO. The thermal time-constant of the semiconductor die is fairly short, and thus the output
cycles on and off at a high rate when thermal shutdown is reached until the power dissipation is reduced. The
internal protection circuitry of the device is designed to protect against thermal overload conditions. The circuitry
is not intended to replace proper heat sinking. Continuously running the device into thermal shutdown degrades
its reliability.
8.3.7
Enhanced Stability
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N is designed specifically to work with ceramic output capacitors, utilizing circuitry
which allows the regulator to be stable across the entire range of output current with an output capacitor whose
ESR is as low as 6 mΩ. For output capacitor requirement, please refer to Application and Implementation.
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8.4 Device Functional Modes
8.4.1 Operation with 30 V ≥ VIN > VOUT(TARGET) + 1 V
The device operate if the input voltage is equal to, or exceeds VOUT(TARGET) + 1 V. At input voltages below the
minimum VIN requirement, the devices do not operate correctly and output voltage may not reach target value.
8.4.2 Operation with Shutdown Control
If the voltage on the SHUTDOWN pin is higher than 1.3 V, the device is disabled. Decreasing shutdown below
0.7 V initiates the start-up sequence of the device.
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9 Application and Implementation
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
9.1 Application Information
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N are linear voltage regulator operating from 2.3 V to 30 V on the input and
regulates voltages between 1.24 V to 29 V with 0.5% accuracy and 160 mA maximum outputs current. Efficiency
is defined by the ratio of output voltage to input voltage because the LP2950-N and LP2951-N is a linear voltage
regulator. To achieve high efficiency, the dropout voltage (VIN – VOUT) must be as small as possible, thus
requiring a very low dropout LDO. Successfully implementing an LDO in an application depends on the
application requirements. If the requirements are simply input voltage and output voltage, compliance
specifications (such as internal power dissipation or stability) must be verified to ensure a solid design. If timing,
start-up, noise, PSRR, or any other transient specification is required, the design becomes more challenging.
Figure 35. Schematic Diagram
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9.2 Typical Applications
9.2.1 1-A Regulator with 1.2-V Dropout
Figure 36. 1-A Regulator with 1.2-V Dropout
9.2.1.1 Design Requirements
For this design example, use the parameters listed in Table 1 as the input parameters.
Table 1. Design Parameters
DESIGN PARAMETER
DESIGN REQUIREMENT
Input voltage
6.5 V, ±10%, provided by the DC-DC converter switching at 1 MHz
Output voltage
5 V, ±1%
Output current
100 mA (maximum), 1 mA (minimum)
RMS noise, 10 Hz to 100 kHz
< 200 µVRMS
PSRR at 1 KHz
> 50 dB
9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure
At 100-mA loading, the dropout of the LP2950-N/LP2951-N has 600 mV maximum dropout over temperature,
thus an 1500-mV headroom is sufficient for operation over both input and output voltage accuracy. The efficiency
of the LP2950-N/LP2951-N in this configuration is VOUT / VIN = 76.9%. To achieve the smallest form factor, the
TO-92 package is selected. Input and output capacitors are selected in accordance with the Capacitor
Recommendation section. Ceramic capacitances of 1 µF for the input and one 2.2-µF capacitors for the output
are selected. With an efficiency of 73.3% and a 100-mA maximum load, the internal power dissipation is 150
mW, which corresponds to a 18.9°C junction temperature rise for the TO-92 package. With an 85°C maximum
ambient temperature, the junction temperature is at 103.9°C. To minimize noise, a bypass capacitance (CBYPASS)
of 0.01-µF is selected between pin 7 to pin 1 for LP2951-N.
9.2.1.2.1 Output Capacitor Requirements
A 1-µF (or greater) capacitor is required between the output and ground for stability at output voltages of 5 V or
higher. At lower output voltages, more capacitance is required (2.2 µF or more is recommended for 3-V and
3.3-V versions). Without this capacitor the device oscillates. Most types of tantalum or aluminum electrolytic work
fine here; even film types work but are not recommended for reasons of cost. Many aluminum electrolytics have
electrolytes that freeze at about −30°C, so solid tantalums are recommended for operation below −25°C. The
important parameters of the capacitor are an ESR of about 5 Ω or less and a resonant frequency above 500 kHz.
The value of this capacitor may be increased without limit.
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Figure 37. Output Capacitor ESR Range
The reason for the lower ESR limit is that the loop compensation of the feedback loop relies on the capacitance
value and the ESR value of the output capacitor to provide the zero that gives added phase lead (See
Figure 37).
fZ = (1 / (2 × π × COUT × ESR))
(1)
Using the 2.2 µF value from the Output Capacitor ESR Range curve (Figure 37), a useful range for fZ can be
estimated:
fZ(MIN)= (1 / (2 x π × 2.2 µF x 5 Ω)) = 14.5 kHz
fZ(MAX)= (1 / (2 x π × 2.2 µF x 0.05 Ω)) = 318 kHz
(2)
(3)
For ceramic capacitors, the low ESR produces a zero at a frequency that is too high to be useful, so meaningful
phase lead does not occur. A ceramic output capacitor can be used if a series resistance is added
(recommended value of resistance about 0.1 Ω to 2 Ω) to simulate the needed ESR. Only X5R, X7R, or better,
MLCC types should be used, and should have a DC voltage rating at least twice the VOUT(NOM) value.
At lower values of output current, less output capacitance is required for stability. The capacitor can be reduced
to 0.33 µF for currents below 10 mA or 0.1 µF for currents below 1 mA. Using the adjustable versions at voltages
below 5 V runs the error amplifier at lower gains so that more output capacitance is needed. For the worst-case
situation of a 100-mA load at 1.23 V output (output shorted to Feedback) a 3.3-µF (or greater) capacitor should
be used.
Unlike many other regulators, the LP2950-N remains stable and in regulation with no load in addition to the
internal voltage divider. This is especially important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications. When setting the
output voltage of the LP2951-N versions with external resistors, a minimum load of 1 µA is recommended.
Applications having conditions that may drive the LP2950-N/51 into nonlinear operation require special
consideration. Nonlinear operation occurs when the output voltage is held low enough to force the output stage
into output current limiting while trying to pull the output voltage up to the regulated value. The internal loop
response time controls how long it takes for the device to regain linear operation when the output has returned to
the normal operating range. There are three significant nonlinear conditions that need to be considered, all can
force the output stage into output current limiting mode, all can cause the output voltage to over-shoot with low
value output capacitors when the condition is removed, and the recommended generic solution is to set the
output capacitor to a value not less than 10 µF. Although the 10 µF value for COUT may not eliminate the output
voltage over-shoot in all cases, it should lower it to acceptable levels (< 10% of VOUT(NOM)) in the majority of
cases. In all three of these conditions, applications with lighter load currents are more susceptible to output
voltage over-shoot than applications with higher load currents.
1. At power-up, with the input voltage rising faster than output stage can charge the output capacitor.
VIN tRISE(MIN) > ((COUT / 100 mA) × ΔVIN)
where
•
ΔVIN = VOUT(NOM) + 1 V
(4)
2. Recovery from an output short circuit to ground condition.
COUT(MIN) ≈ (160 mA – ILOAD(NOM))/((VOUT(NOM)/10)/25 µs))
(5)
3. Toggling the LP2951-N SHUTDOWN pin from high (OFF) to low (ON).
COUT(MIN) ≈ (160 mA – ILOAD(NOM))/((VOUT(NOM)/10)/25 µs))
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Figure 38. LP2951-N Enable Transient
9.2.1.2.2 Input Capacitor Requirements
A minimum 1 µF tantalum, ceramic or aluminum electrolytic capacitor should be placed from the LP2950N/LP2951-N input pin to ground if there is more than 10 inches of wire between the input and the AC filter
capacitor or if a battery is used as the input.
9.2.1.2.3 Error Detection Comparator Output
The comparator produces a logic low output whenever the LP2951-N output falls out of regulation by more than
approximately 5%. This figure is the comparator's built-in offset of about 60 mV divided by the 1.235 reference
voltage. (Refer to the block diagram in the front of the datasheet.) This trip level remains “5% below normal”
regardless of the programmed output voltage of the 2951. For example, the error flag trip level is typically 4.75 V
for a 5-V output or 11.4 V for a 12-V output. The out of regulation condition may be due either to low input
voltage, current limiting, or thermal limiting.
Figure 39 below gives a timing diagram depicting the ERROR signal and the regulated output voltage as the
LP2951-N input is ramped up and down. For 5 V versions, the ERROR signal becomes valid (low) at about 1.3-V
input. It goes high at about 5-V input (the input voltage at which VOUT = 4.75 V). Because the LP2951-N dropout
voltage is load-dependent (see curve in typical performance characteristics), the input voltage trip point (about
5 V) varies with the load current. The output voltage trip point (approx. 4.75 V) does not vary with load.
The error comparator has an open-collector output which requires an external pull up resistor. This resistor may
be returned to the output or some other supply voltage depending on system requirements. In determining a
value for this resistor, note that while the output is rated to sink 400 µA, this sink current adds to battery drain in
a low battery condition. Suggested values range from 100 k to 1 MΩ. The resistor is not required if this output is
unused.
*When VIN ≤ 1.3 V, the error flag pin becomes a high impedance, and the error flag voltage rises to its pullup voltage.
Using VOUT as the pullup voltage (see Figure 40), rather than an external 5-V source, keeps the error flag voltage
under 1.2 V (typical) in this condition. The user may wish to divide down the error flag voltage using equal-value
resistors (10 kΩ suggested), to ensure a low-level logic signal during any fault condition, while still allowing a valid
high logic level during normal operation.
Figure 39. ERROR Output Timing
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9.2.1.2.4 Programming the Output Voltage (LP2951-N)
The LP2951-N may be pin-strapped for the nominal fixed output voltage using its internal voltage divider by tying
the output and sense pins together, and also tying the FEEDBACK and VTAP pins together. Alternatively, it may
be programmed for any output voltage between its 1.235-V reference and its 30-V maximum rating. As seen in
Figure 40, an external pair of resistors is required.
The complete equation for the output voltage is
where
•
VREF is the nominal 1.235-V reference voltage and IFB is the FEEDBACK pin bias current, nominally –20 nA (7)
The minimum recommended load current of 1 µA forces an upper limit of 1.2 MΩ on the value of R2, if the
regulator must work with no load (a condition often found in CMOS in standby). IFB produces a 2% typical error in
VOUT which may be eliminated at room temperature by trimming R1. For better accuracy, choosing R2 = 100 kΩ
reduces this error to 0.17% while increasing the resistor program current to 12 µA. Because the LP2951-N
typically draws 60 µA at no load with pin 2 open-circuited, this is a small price to pay.
*Drive with TTL-high to shut down. Ground or leave open if shutdown feature is not to be used.
Note: Pins 2 and 6 are left open.
Figure 40. Adjustable Regulator
Stray capacitance to the LP2951-N FEEDBACK pin can cause instability. This may especially be a problem
when using high value external resistors to set the output voltage. Adding a 100-pF capacitor between the OUT
pin and the FEEDBACK pin, and increasing the output capacitor to at least 3.3 µF, fixes this problem.
9.2.1.2.5 Reducing Output Noise
In reference applications it may be advantageous to reduce the AC noise present at the output. One method is to
reduce the regulator bandwidth by increasing the size of the output capacitor. This is the only way noise can be
reduced on the 3-lead LP2950-N but is relatively inefficient, as increasing the capacitor from 1 µF to 220 µF only
decreases the noise from 430 µVRMS to 160 µVRMS for a 100-kHz bandwidth at 5-V output.
Noise can be reduced fourfold by a bypass capacitor across R1, because it reduces the high frequency gain from
4 to unity. Pick
(8)
or about 0.01 µF. When doing this, the output capacitor must be increased to 3.3 µF to maintain stability. These
changes reduce the output noise from 430 µV to 100 µV rms for a 100-kHz bandwidth at 5-V output. With the
bypass capacitor added, noise no longer scales with output voltage so that improvements are more dramatic at
higher output voltages.
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9.2.1.3 Application Curves
Figure 41. Line Transient Response
Figure 42. Load Transient Response
Figure 43. Load Transient Response
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9.2.2 300-mA Regulator with 0.75-V Dropout
In Figure 44, by paralleling the LP2951 together with 2x2N5432 (150-mA N channel JFET), a user can get a
higher output current capability around 300 mA.
Figure 44. 300-mA Regulator with 0.75-V Dropout
9.2.3 Wide Input Voltage Range Current Limiter
The LP2951 can be used as a 160-mA current limiter as Figure 45. When FB is connected to ground, the pass
element is fully turned on and out voltage will be close to input voltage. Input-output voltage ranges from 40 mV
to 400 mV, depending on load current.
*Minimum input-output voltage ranges from 40 mV to 400 mV, depending on load current. Current limit is typically
160 mA.
Figure 45. Wide Input Voltage Range Current Limiter
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9.2.4 Low Drift Current Source
The LP2951 can be used as a low drift current source as Figure 46 shows. By connected Vout to FB, Vout will
regulated at 1.235 V, and current consumption at R is IL = 1.23/R.
Figure 46. Low Drift Current Source
9.2.5 5-V Current Limiter
The LP2950 internal current limit function can be leveraged to build 5-V current limiter as Figure 47 shows. The
minimum input-output voltage ranges from 40 mV to 400 mV, depending on load current. Current limit is typically
160 mA.
*Minimum input-output voltage ranges from 40 mV to 400 mV, depending on load current. Current limit is typically
160 mA.
Figure 47. 5-V Current Limiter
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9.2.6 Regulator with Early Warning and Auxiliary Output
The LP2951 can be used to build a Regulator with early warning and auxiliary output as Figure 48 shows. it has
below features:
• Early warning flag on low input voltage
• Main output latches off at lower input voltages
• Battery backup on auxiliary output
• Operation: VOUT of regulator 1 is programmed one diode drop above 5 V. Its error flag becomes active when
VIN ≤ 5.7 V. When VIN drops below 5.3 V, the error flag of regulator 2 becomes active and via Q1 latches the
main output off. When VIN again exceeds 5.7 V regulator 1 is back in regulation and the early warning signal
rises, unlatching regulator 2 via D3.
Figure 48. Regulator With Early Warning and Auxiliary Output
9.2.7 Latch Off When Error Flag Occurs
As Figure 49 presents, a latch off when error flag occurs circuit works in below two mode:
When output is within ±95% of VOUT option, the error flag pin keep output high, which turns off PNP bipolar and
pulls SD pin to low, then the LP2951 keeps output regulated voltage.
When output drop to less than 95% of VOUT option, it triggers error flag output a low voltage, which turns on PNP
bipolar and pulls SD pin to high, then the device enters shutdown mode and turns off output voltage. During a
shutdown sequence, the ERROR pin continues output low, and the LP2951 device latches in shutdown mode.
Figure 49. Latch Off When Error Flag Occurs
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
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27
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
www.ti.com
9.2.8 2-A Low Dropout Regulator
As Figure 50 shows, the 2-A low dropout regulator has below features:
For 5 VOUT, use internal resistors. Wire pin 6 to pin 7 and wire pin 2 to + VOUT bus.
Figure 50. 2-A Low Dropout Regulator
9.2.9 5-V Regulator with 2.5-V Sleep Function
In Figure 51, the 5-V regulator with 2.5-V sleep function works in below mode:
When sleep input is low, C-MOS output a high voltage and 2N3906 is off, then Vout = (1 + 300 KΩ/100 KΩ) × VFB
≈5V
when sleep input is high, C-MOS output a low voltage, turns on 2N3906, then 200-KΩ resistor is bypassed from
circuit, and VOUT = (1+100 KΩ/100 KΩ) × VFB ≈ 2.5 V.
28
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Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
www.ti.com
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
*High input lowers Vout to 2.5 V.
Figure 51. 5-V Regulator with 2.5-V Sleep Function
9.2.10 Open Circuit Detector for 4 → 20-mA Current Loop
Figure 52 shows the open circuit detector for 4 → 20-mA current loop. The circuit outputs a high level while input
current is less than 3.5 mA.
Figure 52. Open Circuit Detector for 4 → 20-mA Current Loop
9.2.11 Regulator with State-of-Charge Indicator
In Figure 53, the LP339, a quad comparator, is used to indicate battery voltage state. The comparator’s negative
input voltage is equal to the LP2951 1.235-V feedback voltage. By adjusting R3, we can adjust positive input
voltage of C1~C3 to target value.
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
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LP2950-N, LP2951-N
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
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*Optional latch off when drop out occurs. Adjust R3 for C2 Switching when Vin is 6 V.
**Outputs go low when VIN drops below designated thresholds.
Figure 53. Regulator with State-of-Charge Indicator
30
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Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
www.ti.com
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
9.2.12 Low Battery Disconnect
In Figure 54, a band-gap voltage reference LM385 is used to generate shutdown signal, when Vin < 5.5 V, the
LP2951 turns off and turns on again when VIN > 6 V.
For values shown, regulator shuts down when Vin < 5.5 V and turns on again at 6 V. Current drain in disconnected
mode is approximately 150 µA.
*Sets disconnect voltage.
**Sets disconnect hysteresis.
Figure 54. Low Battery Disconnect
9.2.13 System Overtemperature Protection Circuit
In Figure 55, temperature sensors LM34/35's output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade)
temperature.
At room temperature, LM34/35's output voltage is lower than 1.235-V feedback voltage, the internal pass
transistor fully turns on, and the LP2951 output voltage is close to VIN.
When ambient temperature raise higher than protection target, LM34/35's output voltage is higher than 1.235-V
feedback voltage, the internal pass transistor turns off, and the LP2951 output goes off.
LM34 for 125°F shutdown
LM35 for 125°C shutdown
Figure 55. System Overtemperature Protection Circuit
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
Submit Documentation Feedback
31
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
www.ti.com
10 Power Supply Recommendations
The LP2950-N and LP2951-N are designed to operate from an input voltage supply range between 2.3 V and
30 V. The input voltage range provides adequate headroom in order for the device to have a regulated output.
This input supply must be well regulated. If the input supply is noisy, additional input capacitors with low ESR can
help improve the output noise performance.
11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
For best overall performance, place all circuit components on the same side of the circuit board and as near as
practical to the respective LDO pin connections. Place ground return connections to the input and output
capacitor, and to the LDO ground pin as close to each other as possible, connected by a wide, component-side,
copper surface. The use of vias and long traces to create LDO circuit connections is strongly discouraged and
negatively affects system performance. This grounding and layout scheme minimizes inductive parasitics, and
thereby reduces load-current transients, minimizes noise, and increases circuit stability.
A ground reference plane is also recommended and is either embedded in the PCB itself or located on the
bottom side of the PCB opposite the components. This reference plane serves to assure accuracy of the output
voltage, shield noise, and behaves similar to a thermal plane to spread (or sink) heat from the LDO device. In
most applications, this ground plane is necessary to meet thermal requirements.
11.2 Layout Example
Input
Capacitor
Output
Capacitor
Ground
OUT
VIN
IN
VOUT
SENSE
FEEDBACK
Ground
IN
GND
3
SHUTDOWN
VTAP
OUT
2
1
GND
Input
Capacitor
VIN
Output
Capacitor
VOUT
Figure 56. LP2950 Board Layout
32
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ERROR
Error Pullup
Resistor
VOUT
Figure 57. LP2951 VSSOP Board Layout
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
www.ti.com
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
Layout Example (continued)
Ground
Output
Capacitor
Input
Capacitor
Exposed
Thermal Pad
8
IN
2
7
FEEDBACK
3
6
VTAP
OUT
1
SENSE
SHUTDOWN
VIN
VOUT
GND
4
6 Thermal Vias
5
ERROR
Error Pullup
Resistor
VOUT
Ground
Figure 58. LP2951 WSON Board Layout
11.3 WSON Mounting
The NGT (no pullback) 8-lead WSON package requires specific mounting techniques which are detailed in AN1187 Leadless Leadframe Package (LLP). Referring to the PCB Design Recommendations section, note that the
pad style which should be used with the WSON package is the NSMD (non-solder mask defined) type.
Additionally, TI recommends that the PCB terminal pads to be 0.2 mm longer than the package pads to create a
solder fillet to improve reliability and inspection.
The thermal dissipation of the WSON package is directly related to the printed circuit board construction and the
amount of additional copper area connected to the DAP.
For the LP2951-N in the NGT 8-lead WSON package, the junction-to-case thermal rating, RθJC, is 35°C/W, where
the case is the bottom of the package at the center of the DAP.
The DAP (exposed pad) on the bottom of the WSON package is connected to the die substrate with a conductive
die attach adhesive. The DAP has no direct electrical (wire) connection to any of the eight pins. There is a
parasitic PN junction between the die substrate and the device ground. As such, it is strongly recommend that
the DAP be connected directly to the ground at device lead 4 (that is, GND). Alternately, but not recommended,
the DAP may be left floating (that is, no electrical connection). The DAP must not be connected to any potential
other than ground.
Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
Submit Documentation Feedback
33
LP2950-N, LP2951-N
SNVS764Q – JANUARY 2000 – REVISED DECEMBER 2017
www.ti.com
12 Device and Documentation Support
12.1 Documentation Support
12.1.1 Related Documentation
For related documentation, see the following:
AN-1187 Leadless Leadframe Package (LLP)
12.2 Related Links
Table 2 lists quick access links. Categories include technical documents, support and community resources,
tools and software, and quick access to sample or buy.
Table 2. Related Links
PARTS
PRODUCT FOLDER
SAMPLE & BUY
TECHNICAL
DOCUMENTS
TOOLS &
SOFTWARE
SUPPORT &
COMMUNITY
LP2950-N
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
LP2951-N
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
Click here
12.3 Community Resources
The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective
contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of
Use.
TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration
among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help
solve problems with fellow engineers.
Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and
contact information for technical support.
12.4 Trademarks
E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.5 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
12.6 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
34
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Copyright © 2000–2017, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Product Folder Links: LP2950-N LP2951-N
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
6-Nov-2018
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
LP2950ACZ-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
-40 to 125
2950A
CZ3.0
LP2950ACZ-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
-40 to 125
2950A
CZ3.3
LP2950ACZ-5.0/LFT1
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
2950A
CZ5.0
LP2950ACZ-5.0/LFT3
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
2950A
CZ5.0
LP2950ACZ-5.0/LFT7
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
2950A
CZ5.0
LP2950ACZ-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
-40 to 125
2950A
CZ5.0
LP2950CDT-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
75
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-3.0
LP2950CDT-3.3
NRND
TO-252
NDP
3
75
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-3.3
LP2950CDT-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
75
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-3.3
LP2950CDT-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
75
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-5.0
LP2950CDTX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-3.0
LP2950CDTX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-3.3
LP2950CDTX-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-252
NDP
3
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 125
LP2950
CDT-5.0
LP2950CZ-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
-40 to 125
2950
CZ3.0
LP2950CZ-3.3/LFT3
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
LP2950CZ-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
LP2950CZ-5.0/LFT1
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
Addendum-Page 1
2950
CZ3.3
-40 to 125
2950
CZ3.3
2950
CZ5.0
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
6-Nov-2018
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
LP2950CZ-5.0/LFT3
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
2950
CZ5.0
LP2950CZ-5.0/LFT7
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
2950
CZ5.0
LP2950CZ-5.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
TO-92
LP
3
1800
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
N / A for Pkg Type
-40 to 125
2950
CZ5.0
LP2951ACM
NRND
SOIC
D
8
95
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
2951
ACMC
LP2951ACM-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951A
CM30C
LP2951ACM-3.3
NRND
SOIC
D
8
95
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
2951A
CM33C
LP2951ACM-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951A
(CM33>D, CM33C)
LP2951ACM/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951
ACM>D
LP2951ACMM
NRND
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
L0DA
LP2951ACMM-3.0
NRND
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
L0BA
LP2951ACMM-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0BA
LP2951ACMM-3.3
NRND
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
L0CA
LP2951ACMM-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0CA
LP2951ACMM/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0DA
LP2951ACMMX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0BA
LP2951ACMMX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0CA
LP2951ACMMX/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0DA
LP2951ACMX
NRND
SOIC
D
8
2500
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
2951
(ACM>D, ACMC)
LP2951ACMX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951A
CM30C
Addendum-Page 2
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
6-Nov-2018
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
LP2951ACMX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951A
(CM33>D, CM33C)
LP2951ACMX/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951
(ACM>D, ACMC)
LP2951ACN/NOPB
ACTIVE
PDIP
P
8
40
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LP
2951ACN
LP2951ACSD/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU | CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951AC
LP2951ACSDX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
4500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU | CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
51AC33
LP2951ACSDX/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
4500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951AC
LP2951CM
NRND
SOIC
D
8
95
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
2951
CMC
LP2951CM-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951C
M30C
LP2951CM-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951C
M33>D
LP2951CM/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
95
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951
(CM>D, CMC)
LP2951CMM
NRND
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
L0DB
LP2951CMM-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0BB
LP2951CMM-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0CB
LP2951CMM/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0DB
LP2951CMMX
NRND
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
L0DB
LP2951CMMX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0BB
LP2951CMMX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0CB
LP2951CMMX/NOPB
ACTIVE
VSSOP
DGK
8
3500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
L0DB
LP2951CMX
NRND
SOIC
D
8
2500
TBD
Call TI
Call TI
-40 to 125
2951
(CM>D, CMC)
Addendum-Page 3
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
Orderable Device
6-Nov-2018
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
LP2951CMX-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951C
M30C
LP2951CMX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951C
(M33>D, M33C)
LP2951CMX/NOPB
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951
CM>D
LP2951CN/NOPB
ACTIVE
PDIP
P
8
40
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-NA-UNLIM
-40 to 125
LP
2951CN
LP2951CSD-3.0/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU | CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
51AC30B
LP2951CSD-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
51AC33B
LP2951CSD/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
1000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU | CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951ACB
LP2951CSDX-3.3/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
4500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
51AC33B
LP2951CSDX/NOPB
ACTIVE
WSON
NGT
8
4500
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU | CU SN
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
2951ACB
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of