SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
3.3-V CAN TRANSCEIVERS
D Thermal Shutdown Protection
D Open-Circuit Fail-Safe Design
FEATURES
D Qualified for Automotive Applications
D ESD Protection Exceeds 2000 V Per
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
MIL-STD-883, Method 3015; Exceeds 200 V
Using Machine Model (C = 200 pF, R = 0)
Operates With a 3.3-V Supply
Low Power Replacement for the PCA82C250
Footprint
Bus/Pin ESD Protection Exceeds 15-kV HBM
Controlled Driver Output Transition Times for
Improved Signal Quality on the SN65HVD230Q
and SN65HVD231Q
Unpowered Node Does Not Disturb the Bus
Compatible With the Requirements of the
ISO 11898 Standard
Low-Current SN65HVD230Q Standby Mode
370 µA Typical
Low-Current SN65HVD231Q Sleep Mode
0.1 µA Typical
Designed for Signaling Rates‡ Up To
1 Megabit/Second (Mbps)
SN65HVD230QD
SN65HVD231QD
(TOP VIEW)
D
GND
VCC
R
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
RS
CANH
CANL
Vref
SN65HVD232QD
(TOP VIEW)
D
GND
VCC
R
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
NC
CANH
CANL
NC
NC − No internal connection
logic diagram (positive logic)
VCC
SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q
SN65HVD232Q
Logic Diagram (Positive Logic)
Logic Diagram (Positive Logic)
3
5
Vref
D
D
RS
R
1
1
8
4
R
7
6
4
7
6
CANH
CANL
CANH
CANL
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments
semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
‡
The signaling rate of a line is the number of voltage transitions that are made per second expressed in the units bps (bits per second).
Copyright 2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
www.ti.com
1
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
DESCRIPTION
The SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q, and SN65HVD232Q controller area network (CAN) transceivers are
designed for use with the Texas Instruments TMS320Lx240x 3.3-V DSPs with CAN controllers, or with
equivalent devices. They are intended for use in applications employing the CAN serial communication physical
layer in accordance with the ISO 11898 standard. Each CAN transceiver is designed to provide differential
transmit capability to the bus and differential receive capability to a CAN controller at speeds up to 1 Mbps.
Designed for operation in especially-harsh environments, these devices feature cross-wire protection,
loss-of-ground and overvoltage protection, overtemperature protection, as well as wide common-mode range.
The transceiver interfaces the single-ended CAN controller with the differential CAN bus found in industrial,
building automation, and automotive applications. It operates over a –2-V to 7-V common-mode range on the
bus, and it can withstand common-mode transients of ± 25 V.
On the SN65HVD230Q and SN65HVD231Q, RS (pin 8) provides three different modes of operation:
high-speed, slope control, and low-power modes. The high-speed mode of operation is selected by connecting
pin 8 to ground, allowing the transmitter output transistors to switch on and off as fast as possible with no
limitation on the rise and fall slopes. The rise and fall slopes can be adjusted by connecting a resistor to ground
at pin 8, since the slope is proportional to the pin’s output current. This slope control is implemented with external
resistor values of 10 kΩ, to achieve a 15-V/µs slew rate, to 100 kΩ, to achieve a 2-V/µs slew rate.
The circuit of the SN65HVD230Q enters a low-current standby mode during which the driver is switched off and
the receiver remains active if a high logic level is applied to RS (pin 8). The DSP controller reverses this
low-current standby mode when a dominant state (bus differential voltage > 900 mV typical) occurs on the bus.
The unique difference between the SN65HVD230Q and the SN65HVD231Q is that both the driver and the
receiver are switched off in the SN65HVD231Q when a high logic level is applied to RS (pin 8) and remain in
this sleep mode until the circuit is reactivated by a low logic level on RS.
The Vref (pin 5 on the SN65HVD230Q and SN65HVD231Q) is available as a VCC/2 voltage reference.
The SN65HVD232Q is a basic CAN transceiver with no added options; pins 5 and 8 are NC, no connection.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS{}
FUNCTION
NUMBER
LOW
POWER MODE
INTEGRATED SLOPE
CONTROL
Vref PIN
’230
370-µA standby mode
Yes
Yes
’231
10-µA sleep mode
Yes
Yes
’232
No standby or sleep mode
No
No
PART NUMBER
Q100
SN65HVD230QD
No
SN65HVD231QD
No
SN65HVD232QD
No
SN65HVD230QDQ1
Yes
SN65HVD231QDQ1
Yes
SN65HVD232QDQ1
Yes
TA
MARKED AS:
HV230Q
−40°C
40°C to
t
125°C
HV231Q
HV232Q
230Q1
−40°C
40°C to
t
125°C
231Q1
232Q1
†
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option
Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI web site at http://www.ti.com.
‡ Package drawings, thermal data, and symbolization are available at
http://www.ti.com/packaging.
The D package is available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to device type (e.g.,
SN65HVD230QDRQ1).
2
www.ti.com
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
Function Tables
DRIVER (SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q)
OUTPUTS
INPUT D
RS
CANH
L
V(Rs) < 1.2
12V
H
Open
X
BUS STATE
CANL
H
L
Dominant
Z
Z
Recessive
Z
Z
Recessive
X
V(Rs) > 0.75 VCC
Z
Z
H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate
Recessive
DRIVER (SN65HVD232Q)
OUTPUTS
INPUT D
CANH
BUS STATE
CANL
L
H
L
Dominant
H
Z
Z
Recessive
Open
Z
Z
Recessive
H = high level; L = low level
RECEIVER (SN65HVD230Q)
DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS
RS
OUTPUT R
L
VID ≥ 0.9 V
X
0.5 V < VID < 0.9 V
X
?
VID ≤ 0.5 V
X
H
Open
X
H
H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate
RECEIVER (SN65HVD231Q)
DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS
RS
OUTPUT R
VID ≥ 0.9 V
L
0.5 V < VID < 0.9 V
?
V(Rs) < 1.2 V
VID ≤ 0.5 V
H
X
V(Rs) > 0.75 VCC
H
X
1.2 V < V(Rs) < 0.75 VCC
X
?
Open
H
H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate
RECEIVER (SN65HVD232Q)
DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS
OUTPUT R
VID ≥ 0.9 V
L
0.5 V < VID < 0.9 V
?
VID ≤ 0.5 V
H
Open
H
H = high level; L = low level; X = irrelevant; ? = indeterminate
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3
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
Function Tables (Continued)
TRANSCEIVER MODES (SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q)
OPERATING MODE
V(Rs)
V(RS) > 0.75 VCC
Standby
10 kΩ to 100 kΩ to ground
Slope control
V(RS) < 1 V
High speed (no slope control)
Terminal Functions
SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q
TERMINAL
NAME
DESCRIPTION
NO.
CANL
6
Low bus output
CANH
7
High bus output
D
1
Driver input
GND
2
Ground
R
4
Receiver output
RS
8
Standby/slope control
VCC
3
Supply voltage
Vref
5
Reference output
SN65HVD232Q
TERMINAL
NAME
CANL
6
Low bus output
CANH
7
High bus output
D
1
Driver input
2
Ground
GND
NC
4
DESCRIPTION
NO.
5, 8
No connection
R
4
Receiver output
VCC
3
Supply voltage
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SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
equivalent input and output schematic diagrams
CANH and CANL Inputs
D Input
VCC
VCC
110 kΩ
16 V
9 kΩ
100 kΩ
45 kΩ
Input
1 kΩ
Input
20 V
9 kΩ
9V
CANH and CANL Outputs
R Output
VCC
VCC
16 V
5Ω
Output
Output
9V
20 V
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5
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature (see Note 1) (unless otherwise
noted)†
Supply voltage range, VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.3 V to 6 V
Voltage range at any bus terminal (CANH or CANL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −7 V to 16 V
Voltage input range, transient pulse, CANH and CANL, through 100 Ω (see Figure 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . −25 V to 25 V
Input voltage range, VI (D or R) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V
Electrostatic discharge: Human body model (see Note 2)
CANH, CANL and GND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 kV
All pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 kV
Charged-device model (see Note 3) All pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 kV
Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating table
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . −65°C to 150°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential I/O bus voltages, are with respect to network ground terminal.
2. Tested in accordance with JEDEC Standard 22, Test Method A114-A.
3. Tested in accordance with JEDEC Standard 22, Test Method C101.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
‡
PACKAGE
TA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING
DERATING FACTOR‡
ABOVE TA = 25°C
TA = 70°C
POWER RATING
TA = 85°C
POWER RATING
TA = 125°C
POWER RATING
D
725 mW
5.8 mW/°C
464 mW
377 mW
145 mW
This is the inverse of the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance when board-mounted and with no air flow.
recommended operating conditions
PARAMETER
MIN
Supply voltage, VCC
Voltage at any bus terminal (common mode) VIC
Voltage at any bus terminal (separately) VI
High-level input voltage, VIH
D, R
Low-level input voltage, VIL
D, R
Differential input voltage, VID (see Figure 5)
V(RS)
V(RS) for standby or sleep
Driver
Receiver
V
7
V
−2.5
7.5
V
2
V
0.8
V
−6
6
V
0
VCC
V
VCC
V
100
kΩ
−40
mA
−8
Driver
Low level output current
Low-level
current, IOL
6
48
Receiver
Operating free-air temperature, TA
§
8
−40
125
The algebraic convention, in which the least positive (most negative) limit is designated as minimum is used in this data sheet.
www.ti.com
UNIT
−2§
0
High level output current
High-level
current, IOH
MAX
3.6
0.75 VCC
Rs wave-shaping resistance
NOM
3
mA
°C
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
driver electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
VOH
Dominant
VI = 0 V,
See Figure 1 and Figure 3
CANH
CANH
Recessive
VI = 3 V,
See Figure 1 and Figure 3
Bus output
voltage
VOL
VOD(D)
Dominant
Differential output
voltage
VOD(R)
Recessive
MIN
TYP†
MAX
2.45
VCC
CANL
0.5
1.25
V
2.3
CANL
UNIT
2.3
VI = 0 V,
See Figure 1
1.5
2
3
VI = 0 V,
See Figure 2
1.2
2
3
VI = 3 V,
See Figure 1
−120
0
12
VI = 3 V,
No load
−0.5
−0.2
0.05
V
mV
V
IIH
High-level input current
VI = 2 V
−30
µA
IIL
Low-level input current
VI = 0.8 V
−30
µA
IOS
Short circuit output current
Short-circuit
Co
Output capacitance
ICC
Supply current
VCANH = −2 V
−250
250
VCANL = 7 V
−250
250
mA
See receiver
Standby
SN65HVD230Q
Sleep
SN65HVD231Q
All devices
†
TEST CONDITIONS
370
V(RS) = VCC
600
0.1
Dominant
VI = 0 V,
No load
Dominant
10
17
Recessive
VI = VCC ,
No load
Recessive
10
17
TYP
MAX
35
85
RS with 10 kΩ to ground
70
125
RS with 100 kΩ to ground
500
870
70
120
µA
A
mA
All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.
driver switching characteristics at TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
SN65HVD230Q and SN65HVD231Q
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
V(RS) = 0 V
tPLH
Propagation delay time, low
low-to-high-level
to high level output
V(RS) = 0 V
tPHL
Propagation delay time, high
high-to-low-level
to low level output
RS with 10 kΩ to ground
130
180
RS with 100 kΩ to ground
870
1200
V(RS) = 0 V
tsk(p)
Pulse skew (|tP(HL) − tP(LH)|)
RS with 10 kΩ to ground
Differential output signal rise time
tf
Differential output signal fall time
tr
Differential output signal rise time
tf
Differential output signal fall time
tr
Differential output signal rise time
tf
Differential output signal fall time
V(RS) = 0 V
RS with 10 kΩ to ground
RS with 100 kΩ to ground
www.ti.com
ns
ns
35
CL = 50 pF,
See Figure 4
60
RS with 100 kΩ to ground
tr
UNIT
ns
370
25
50
100
ns
40
55
80
ns
80
120
160
ns
80
125
150
ns
600
800
1200
ns
600
825
1000
ns
7
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
driver switching characteristics at TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
SN65HVD232Q
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
35
85
UNIT
ns
70
120
ns
tPLH
Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output
tPHL
Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output
tsk(p)
Pulse skew (|tP(HL) − tP(LH)|)
tr
Differential output signal rise time
25
50
100
ns
tf
Differential output signal fall time
40
55
80
ns
35
CL = 50 pF, See Figure 4
ns
receiver electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise
noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
VIT+
Positive-going input threshold voltage
VIT−
Negative-going input threshold voltage
Vhys
Hysteresis voltage (VIT+ − VIT−)
VOH
High-level output voltage
−6 V ≤ VID ≤ 500 mV, IO = −8 mA, See Figure 5
VOL
Low-level output voltage
900 mV ≤ VID ≤ 6 V, IO = 8 mA, See Figure 5
See Table 1
500
VIH = 7 V,
Bus input current
MAX
UNIT
750
900
mV
650
mV
100
VIH = 7 V
II
TYP†
VCC = 0 V
VIH = −2 V
Other input at 0 V,
D=3V
VIH = −2 V, VCC = 0 V
2.4
V
0.4
100
250
100
350
−200
−30
−100
−20
µA
A
A
µA
Ci
CANH, CANL input capacitance
Pin-to-ground,
VI = 0.4 sin(4E6πt) + 0.5 V
V(D) = 3 V,
32
pF
Cdiff
Differential input capacitance
Pin-to-pin,
VI = 0.4 sin(4E6πt) + 0.5 V
V(D) = 3 V,
16
pF
Rdiff
Differential input resistance
Pin-to-pin, V(D) = 3 V
RT
CANH, CANL input resistance
ICC
†
40
70
100
kΩ
20
35
50
kΩ
MIN
TYP
MAX
See driver
Supply current
All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.
receiver switching characteristics at TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
TEST
CONDITIONS
PARAMETER
UNIT
tPLH
Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output
35
50
ns
tPHL
Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output
35
50
ns
tsk(p)
Pulse skew (|tP(HL) − tP(LH)|)
10
ns
tr
Output signal rise time
tf
Output signal fall time
t(loop)
Total loop delay, driver input to receiver output
V(RS) = 0 V
70
135
t(loop)
Total loop delay, driver input to receiver output
RS with 10 kΩ to ground
105
175
t(loop)
Total loop delay, driver input to receiver output
RS with 100 kΩ to ground
535
920
8
See Figure 6
See Figure 6
www.ti.com
1.5
ns
1.5
ns
ns
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
device control-pin characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise
noted)
PARAMETER
t(WAKE)
TEST CONDITIONS
SN65HVD230Q wake-up time from standby mode with
RS
MIN
See Figure 8
TYP†
MAX
UNIT
0.55
1.5
µS
3
µS
SN65HVD231Q wake-up time from sleep mode with RS
†
−5 µA < I(Vref) < 5 µA
0.45 VCC
0.55 VCC
0.4 VCC
0.6 VCC
Vref
Reference output voltage
−50 µA < I(Vref) < 50 µA
I(RS)
Input current for high-speed
V(RS) < 1 V
−450
0
V
µA
All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3 V supply.
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
VCC
IO
II
D
IO
60 Ω
0 V or 3 V
VOD
CANH
VI
CANL
Figure 1. Driver Voltage and Current Definitions
167 Ω
VOD
0V
60 Ω
167 Ω
±
−2 V ≤ VTEST ≤ 7 V
Figure 2. Driver VOD
Dominant
CANH
Recessive
CANL
≈3V
VOH
≈ 2.3 V
VOL
≈1V
VOH
CANH
CANL
Figure 3. Driver Output Voltage Definitions
www.ti.com
9
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
RL = 60 Ω
Signal
Generator
(see Note A)
CL = 50 pF
(see Note B)
VO
50 Ω
RS = 0 Ω to 100 kΩ for SN65HVD230Q and SN65HVD231Q
N/A for SN65HVD232Q
3V
Input
1.5 V
0V
tP(LH)
tP(HL)
VOD(D)
90%
0.9 V
Output
0.5 V
10%
tr
VOD(R)
tf
NOTES: A. The input pulse is supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 500 kHz, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 6 ns, tf ≤ 6 ns,
Zo = 50 Ω.
B. CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
Figure 4. Driver Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
IO
VID
V
IC
V
)V
CANL
+ CANH
2
VCANH
VCANL
Figure 5. Receiver Voltage and Current Definitions
10
www.ti.com
VO
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
Output
Signal
Generator
(see Note A)
50 Ω
1.5 V
CL = 15 pF
(see Note B)
2.9 V
Input
2.2 V
1.5 V
tP(LH)
tP(HL)
VOH
90%
Output
1.3 V
10%
tr
VOL
tf
NOTES: A. The input pulse is supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 500 kHz, 50% duty cycle, tr ≤ 6 ns, tf ≤ 6 ns,
Zo = 50 Ω.
B. CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
Figure 6. Receiver Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
100 Ω
Pulse Generator,
15 µs Duration,
1% Duty Cycle
Figure 7. Overvoltage Protection
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11
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
Table 1. Receiver Characteristics Over Common Mode With V(RS) at 1.2 V
VIC
VID
VCANH
VCANL
R OUTPUT
−2 V
900 mV
−1.55 V
−2.45 V
L
7V
900 mV
8.45 V
6.55 V
L
1V
6V
4V
−2 V
L
4V
6V
7V
1V
L
−2 V
500 mV
−1.75 V
−2.25 V
H
7V
500 mV
7.25 V
6.75 V
H
1V
−6 V
−2 V
4V
H
4V
−6 V
1V
7V
H
X
X
Open
Open
H
VOL
VOH
VCC
10 kΩ
D
R
60 Ω
0V
Output
CL = 15 pF
RS
Generator
PRR = 150 kHz
50% Duty Cycle
tr, tf < 6 ns
Zo = 50 Ω
Signal
Generator
50 Ω
+
V(RS)
−
VCC
1.5 V
V(RS)
0V
t(WAKE)
1.3 V
R Output
Figure 8. t(WAKE) Test Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
12
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SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
LOGIC INPUT CURRENT (D PIN)
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
33
0
32
−2
I I(L) − Logic Input Current − µ A
I CC − Supply Current (RMS) − mA
SUPPLY CURRENT (RMS)
vs
FREQUENCY
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
−4
−6
−8
−10
−12
−14
0
250
500
−16
750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000
f − Frequency − kbps
0
1.1
1.6
2.1
2.6
3.1
3.6
VI − Input Voltage − V
Figure 9
Figure 10
BUS INPUT CURRENT
vs
BUS INPUT VOLTAGE
DRIVER LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT
vs
LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
400
180
300
200
VCC = 0 V
100
VCC = 3.6 V
0
−100
−200
−300
−400
−7 −6 −4 −3 −1 0
I OL − Driver Low-Level Output Current − mA
I I − Bus Input Current − µ A
0.6
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
3
4
6
7
0
8 10 11 12
VI − Bus Input Voltage − V
1
2
3
VO(CANL)− Low-Level Output Voltage − V
4
Figure 12
Figure 11
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13
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DRIVER HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT
vs
HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
DOMINANT VOLTAGE (VOD)
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
3
VCC = 3.6 V
100
2.5
VOD− Dominant Voltage − V
I OH − Driver High-Level Output Current − mA
120
80
60
40
VCC = 3 V
2
1.5
1
0.5
20
0
VCC = 3.3 V
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0
3.5
−55
−40
25
70
85
125
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
VO(CANH) − High-Level Output Voltage − V
RECEIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
RECEIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
38
RS = 0
37
36
VCC = 3 V
35
VCC = 3.3 V
34
VCC = 3.6 V
33
32
31
30
−55
−40
0
25
70
85
125
t PHL− Receiver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time − ns
Figure 14
t PLH − Receiver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time − ns
Figure 13
40
RS = 0
39
VCC = 3 V
38
VCC = 3.3 V
37
VCC = 3.6 V
36
35
34
−55
−40
0
25
70
85
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
Figure 16
Figure 15
14
0
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125
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
DRIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
55
RS = 0
VCC = 3 V
50
45
40
VCC = 3.3 V
35
VCC = 3.6 V
30
25
20
15
10
−55
−40
0
25
70
85
125
t PHL− Driver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time − ns
t PLH − Driver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time − ns
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DRIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
90
RS = 0
VCC = 3.6 V
85
80
75
VCC = 3.3 V
70
VCC = 3 V
65
60
55
50
−55
−40
RS = 10 kΩ
80
50
VCC = 3 V
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC = 3.6 V
40
30
20
10
0
−55
−40
0
25
85
125
70
85
125
DRIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
t PHL − Driver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time − ns
t PLH − Driver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time − ns
DRIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
60
70
Figure 18
Figure 17
70
25
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
90
0
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
150
RS = 10 kΩ
VCC = 3.6 V
140
VCC = 3.3 V
130
VCC = 3 V
120
110
100
90
80
−55
−40
0
25
70
85
125
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
Figure 19
Figure 20
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15
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
DRIVER LOW-TO-HIGH PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
800
RS = 100 kΩ
700
VCC = 3 V
600
VCC = 3.3 V
500
VCC = 3.6 V
400
300
200
100
0
−55
−40
0
25
70
85
125
DRIVER HIGH-TO-LOW PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
t PHL− Driver High-to-Low Propagation Delay Time − ns
t PLH − Driver Low-to-High Propagation Delay Time − ns
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
1000
RS = 100 kΩ
VCC = 3.6 V
950
VCC = 3.3 V
900
850
VCC = 3 V
800
750
700
−55
−40
25
70
85
125
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
TA − Free-Air Temperature − °C
Figure 22
Figure 21
DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENT
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
DIFFERENTIAL DRIVER OUTPUT FALL TIME
vs Source Resistance (RS)
50
µs
1.50
t f − Differential Output Fall Time −
40
I O − Driver Output Current − mA
0
30
20
10
0
1.40
1.30
VCC = 3.3 V
1.20
1.10
VCC = 3.6 V
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
VCC = 3 V
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
−10
0
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
50
100
150
Rs − Source Resistance − kΩ
VCC − Supply Voltage − V
Figure 23
16
0
Figure 24
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200
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
REFERENCE VOLTAGE
vs
REFERENCE CURRENT
3
V ref − Reference Voltage − V
2.5
2
VCC = 3.6 V
1.5
VCC = 3 V
1
0.5
0
−50
−5
5
50
Iref − Reference Current − µA
Figure 25
APPLICATION INFORMATION
This application provides information concerning the implementation of the physical medium attachment layer
in a CAN network according to the ISO 11898 standard. It presents a typical application circuit and test results,
as well as discussions on slope control, total loop delay, and interoperability in 5-V systems.
introduction
ISO 11898 is the international standard for high-speed serial communication using the controller area network
(CAN) bus protocol. It supports multimaster operation, real-time control, programmable data rates up to 1 Mbps,
and powerful redundant error checking procedures that provide reliable data transmission. It is suited for
networking intelligent devices as well as sensors and actuators within the rugged electrical environment of a
machine chassis or factory floor. The SN65HVD230Q family of 3.3-V CAN transceivers implement the lowest
layers of the ISO/OSI reference model. This is the interface with the physical signaling output of the CAN
controller of the Texas Instruments TMS320Lx240x 3.3-V DSPs, as illustrated in Figure 26.
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17
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
ISO 11898 Specification
Implementation
Application Specific Layer
TMS320Lx2403/6/7
3.3-V
DSP
Logic Link Control
Data-Link
Layer
Embedded
Medium Access Control
CAN
Controller
Physical Signaling
Physical
Layer
Physical Medium Attachment
SN65HVD230
Medium Dependant Interface
CAN Bus−Line
Figure 26. The Layered ISO 11898 Standard Architecture
The SN65HVD230Q family of CAN transceivers are compatible with the ISO 11898 standard; this ensures
interoperability with other standard-compliant products.
application of the SN65HVD230Q
Figure 27 illustrates a typical application of the SN65HVD230Q family. The output of a DSP’s CAN controller
is connected to the serial driver input, pin D, and receiver serial output, pin R, of the transceiver. The transceiver
is then attached to the differential bus lines at pins CANH and CANL. Typically, the bus is a twisted pair of wires
with a characteristic impedance of 120 Ω, in the standard half-duplex multipoint topology of Figure 28. Each end
of the bus is terminated with 120-Ω resistors in compliance with the standard to minimize signal reflections on
the bus.
18
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SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
TMS320Lx2403/6/7
CAN-Controller
CANTX/IOPC6
CANRX/IOPC7
D
R
SN65HVD230
CANH
CANL
CAN Bus Line
Figure 27. Details of a Typical CAN Node
ECU
1
ECU
2
ECU
n
CANH
120 Ω
CAN Bus Line
120 Ω
CANL
Figure 28. Typical CAN Network
The SN65HVD230Q/231Q/232Q 3.3-V CAN transceivers provide the interface between the 3.3-V
TMS320Lx2403/6/7 CAN DSPs and the differential bus line, and are designed to transmit data at signaling rates
up to 1 Mbps as defined by the ISO 11898 standard.
features of the SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q, and SN65HVD232Q
The SN65HVD230Q/231Q/232Q are pin-compatible (but not functionally identical) with one another and,
depending upon the application, may be used with identical circuit boards.
These transceivers feature 3.3-V operation and standard compatibility with signaling rates up to 1 Mbps, and
also offer 16-kV HBM ESD protection on the bus pins, thermal shutdown protection, bus fault protection, and
open-circuit receiver failsafe. The failsafe design of the receiver assures a logic high at the receiver output if
the bus wires become open circuited. If a high ambient operating environment temperature or excessive output
current result in thermal shutdown, the bus pins become high impedance, while the D and R pins default to a
logic high.
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19
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
features of the SN65HVD230Q, SN65HVD231Q, and SN65HVD232Q (continued)
The bus pins are also maintained in a high-impedance state during low VCC conditions to ensure glitch-free
power-up and power-down bus protection for hot-plugging applications. This high-impedance condition also
means that an unpowered node will not disturb the bus. Transceivers without this feature usually have a very
low output impedance. This results in a high current demand when the transceiver is unpowered, a condition
that could affect the entire bus.
operating modes
RS (pin 8) of the SN65HVD230Q and SN65HVD231Q provides for three different modes of operation:
high-speed mode, slope-control mode, and low-power standby mode.
high-speed mode
The high-speed mode can be selected by applying a logic low to Rs (pin 8). The high-speed mode of operation
is commonly employed in industrial applications. High-speed allows the output to switch as fast as possible with
no internal limitation on the output rise and fall slopes. The only limitations of the high-speed operation are cable
length and radiated emission concerns, each of which is addressed by the slope control mode of operation.
If the low-power standby mode is to be employed in the circuit, direct connection to a DSP output pin can be
used to switch between a logic-low level (< 1 V) for high speed mode operation, and the logic-high level (> 0.75
VCC) for standby mode operation. Figure 29 shows a typical DSP connection, and Figure 30 shows the
SN65HVD230Q driver output signal in high-speed mode on the CAN bus.
SN65HVD230Q
D
GND
VCC
R
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
RS
IOPF6
TMS320LF2406
or
TMS320LF2407
CANH
CANL
Vref
Figure 29. RS (Pin 8) Connection to a TMS320LF2406/07 for High-Speed or Standby Mode Operation
20
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SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
high-speed mode (continued)
1 Mbps
Driver Output
NRZ Data
1
Figure 30. Typical SN65HVD230Q High-Speed Mode Output Waveform Into a 60-Ω Load
slope-control mode
Electromagnetic compatibility is essential in many applications using unshielded bus cable to reduce system
cost. To reduce the electromagnetic interference generated by fast rise times and resulting harmonics, the rise
and fall slopes of the SN65HVD230Q and SN65HVD231Q driver outputs can be adjusted by connecting a
resistor from RS (pin 8) to ground or to a logic low voltage, as shown in Figure 31. The slope of the driver output
signal is proportional to the pin’s output current. This slope control is implemented with an external resistor value
of 10 kΩ to achieve a ≈ 15 V/µs slew rate, and up to 100 kΩ to achieve a ≈ 2.0 V/µs slew rate as displayed in
Figure 32. Typical driver output waveforms from a pulse input signal with and without slope control are displayed
in Figure 33. A pulse input is used rather than NRZ data to clearly display the actual slew rate.
SN65HVD230Q
D
GND
VCC
R
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
RS
10 kΩ
to
100 kΩ
IOPF6
TMS320LF2406
or
TMS320LF2407
CANH
CANL
Vref
Figure 31. Slope-Control or Standby Mode Connection to a DSP
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21
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
DRIVER OUTPUT SIGNAL SLOPE
vs
SLOPE CONTROL RESISTANCE
Driver Output Signal Slope − V/µs
25
20
15
10
5
0
0
10
4.7
20
30
40
50 33
60 47
70
6.8
10
15 22
Slope Control Resistance − kΩ
80
68
90
100
Figure 32. SN65HVD230Q Driver Output Signal Slope vs Slope Control Resistance Value
RS = 0 Ω
RS = 10 kΩ
RS = 100 kΩ
Figure 33. Typical SN65HVD230Q 250-kbps Output Pulse Waveforms With Slope Control
22
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SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
standby mode (listen only mode) of the SN65HVD230Q
If a logic high (> 0.75 VCC) is applied to RS (pin 8) in Figures 29 and 31, the circuit of the SN65HVD230Q enters
a low-current, listen only standby mode during which the driver is switched off and the receiver remains active.
In this listen only state, the transceiver is completely passive to the bus. It makes no difference if a slope control
resistor is in place as shown in Figure 31. The DSP can reverse this low-power standby mode when the rising
edge of a dominant state (bus differential voltage > 900 mV typical) occurs on the bus. The DSP, sensing bus
activity, reactivates the driver circuit by placing a logic low (< 1.2 V) on RS (pin 8).
the babbling idiot protection of the SN65HVD231Q
Occasionally, a runaway CAN controller unintentionally sends messages that completely tie up the bus (what
is referred to in CAN jargon as a babbling idiot). When this occurs, the DSP can engage the listen-only standby
mode to disengage the driver and release the bus, even when access to the CAN controller has been lost. When
the driver circuit is deactivated, its outputs default to a high-impedance state.
sleep mode of the SN65HVD231Q
The unique difference between the SN65HVD230Q and the SN65HVD231Q is that both driver and receiver are
switched off in the SN65HVD231Q when a logic high is applied to RS (pin 8). The device remains in a very low
power-sleep mode until the circuit is reactivated with a logic low applied to RS (pin 8). While in this sleep mode,
the bus pins are in a high-impedance state, while the D and R pins default to a logic high.
loop propagation delay
Transceiver loop delay is a measure of the overall device propagation delay, consisting of the delay from the
driver input to the differential outputs, plus the delay from the receiver inputs to its output.
The loop delay of the transceiver displayed in Figure 34 increases accordingly when slope control is being used.
This increased loop delay means that the total bus length must be reduced to meet the CAN bit-timing
requirements of the overall system. The loop delay becomes ≈100 ns when employing slope control with a
10-kΩ resistor, and ≈500 ns with a 100-kΩ resistor. Therefore, considering that the rule-of-thumb propagation
delay of typical bus cable is 5 ns/m, slope control with the 100-kΩ resistor decreases the allowable bus length
by the difference between the 500-ns max loop delay and the loop delay with no slope control, 70.7 ns. This
equates to (500–70.7 ns)/5 ns, or approximately 86 m less bus length. This slew-rate/bus length trade-off to
reduce electromagnetic interference to adjoining circuits from the bus can also be solved with a high-quality
shielded bus cable.
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23
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Figure 34. 70.7-ns Loop Delay Through the SN65HVD230Q With RS = 0
24
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SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
interoperability with 5-V CAN systems
It is essential that the 3.3-V SN65HVD230Q family performs seamlessly with 5-V transceivers because of the
large number of 5-V devices installed. Figure 35 displays a test bus of a 3.3-V node with the SN65HVD230Q,
and three 5-V nodes: one for each of TI’s SN65LBC031 and UC5350 transceivers, and one using a competitor
X250 transceiver.
Tektronix
HFS−9003
Pattern
Generator
Tektronix
784D
Oscilloscope
Trigger
Input
Tektronix
P6243
Single-Ended
Probes
One Meter Belden Cable #82841
120 Ω
120 Ω
SN65HVD230Q
SN65LBC031
UC5350
Competitor X250
HP E3516A
5-V Power
Supply
HP E3516A
3.3-V Power
Supply
Figure 35. 3.3-V/5-V CAN Transceiver Test Bed
www.ti.com
25
SN65HVD230Q-Q1
SN65HVD231Q-Q1
SN65HVD232Q-Q1
SGLS398A − APRIL 2002 − REVISED APRIL 2008
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Driver
Input
CAN
Bus
Receiver
Output
Figure 36. SN65HVD230Q’s Input, CAN Bus, and X250’s RXD Output Waveforms
Figure 36 displays the SN65HVD230Q’s input signal, the CAN bus, and the competitor X250’s receiver output
waveforms. The input waveform from the Tektronix HFS-9003 Pattern Generator in Figure 35 to the
SN65HVD230Q is a 250-kbps pulse for this test. The circuit is monitored with Tektronix P6243, 1-GHz
single-ended probes in order to display the CAN dominant and recessive bus states.
Figure 36 displays the 250-kbps pulse input waveform to the SN65HVD230Q on channel 1. Channels 2 and
3 display CANH and CANL respectively, with their recessive bus states overlaying each other to clearly display
the dominant and recessive CAN bus states. Channel 4 is the receiver output waveform of the competitor X250.
26
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
10-Dec-2020
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
SN65HVD230QD
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV230Q
SN65HVD230QDG4
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV230Q
SN65HVD230QDG4Q1
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
230Q1
SN65HVD230QDR
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV230Q
SN65HVD230QDRG4
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV230Q
SN65HVD230QDRG4Q1
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
230Q1
SN65HVD231QD
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV231Q
SN65HVD231QDG4
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV231Q
SN65HVD231QDR
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV231Q
SN65HVD231QDRG4
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV231Q
SN65HVD231QDRG4Q1
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
231Q1
SN65HVD231QDRQ1
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
231Q1
SN65HVD232QD
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV232Q
SN65HVD232QDG4
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
75
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV232Q
SN65HVD232QDR
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV232Q
SN65HVD232QDRG4
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
HV232Q
SN65HVD232QDRG4Q1
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
232Q1
SN65HVD232QDRQ1
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 125
232Q1
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
Addendum-Page 1
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
10-Dec-2020
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of
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