User's Guide
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Sympol™ Transceiver
This manual describes the SN65HVD96 Evaluation Module (EVM). This EVM helps designers evaluate
the device performance under wire-fault and common-mode conditions, thus supporting the fast
development and analysis of data transmission systems using SN65HVD96 transceivers.
1
2
3
Contents
Overview .....................................................................................................................
EVM Set-up and Precautions .............................................................................................
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements .....................................................................
3.1
Measurement Examples ..........................................................................................
2
2
4
4
List of Figures
1
Block Diagram and Sympol™ Signal States ............................................................................ 2
2
EVM Schematic ............................................................................................................. 3
3
Bridging DUT_GND with EART_GND .................................................................................... 3
4
Example for Stimulus and Probe Points with JMP4 and JMP14
4
5
Transceiver Configuration for Normal Operation
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
.....................................................
.......................................................................
EVM Set-up for Normal Transceiver Operation .........................................................................
Configuration for Maximum Loading......................................................................................
EVM Set-up for Maximum Loading .......................................................................................
Wire-fault Simulation Using two EVMs ...................................................................................
EVM Configurations: Left as Receiver EVM, Right as Transmitter EVM ............................................
Sympol™ Signaling at 500 kbps Over 1 Meter Cable .................................................................
Sympol™ Signaling is Unaffected by Common-Mode Voltage .......................................................
Sympol™ Signaling is Unaffected by Cross-wire Fault ................................................................
Top View of SN65 HVD96 EVM ..........................................................................................
Bottom View of SN65 HVD96 EVM ......................................................................................
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
8
9
9
Sympol is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Sympol™ Transceiver
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
1
Overview
1
www.ti.com
Overview
The SN65HVD96 is designed for error-free data transmission under wire-fault conditions. The receiver
provides correct output data whether the bus wires are connected normally or cross-wired. This feature is
known as symmetric-polarity ( Sympol™) and is auto-detected internally, so no intervention from the
controller or the operator is required (see Figure 1).
Driver signaling (DE = high)
SN65HVD96
R
RE
DE
D
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
D
Receiver detecting(RE = low)
A or B
VCC
V CM
B
B
V CM
A
| VOD| < 0.5V
|VOD| > 0.9V
B or A
| VOD| < 0.5V
|VOD| > 0.9V
A
|VID|
passive
active
GND
|VOD|
passive
active
R
Figure 1. Block Diagram and Sympol™ Signal States
Figure 1 shows that Sympol™ signaling is similar but not identical to CAN-bus signaling. Sympol™
transceivers only look at the magnitude of the differential bus voltage, |VA – VB|, not its actual polarity. At a
driver output, this voltage is called |VOD|, at a remote receiver input, it becomes |VID|.
A Sympol™ bus state is known as passive when |VA – VB| < 0.5V, and it is active when |VA – VB| > 0.9V.
Similar to RS-485, Sympol™ transceivers can be used for point-to-point, multi-drop, or multi-point
networks. Current-limited differential outputs protect in case of driver contention on a "party-line" bus. High
receiver input impedance allows the connection of at least 32 nodes. The pin-out is identical to the
industry-standard SN75176 transceiver, thus allowing for a direct upgrade from RS-485 to Sympol™.
Note that Sympol™ signaling does not support the operation of Sympol™ transceivers together with
RS-485 or CAN transceivers in a mixed-transceiver type of network. Only Sympol™ transceivers are able
to communicate between another. However, it is possible to replace an entire RS-485 transceiver network
with Sympol™ transceivers while maintaining the same high-level network protocol without the need for
software changes.
2
EVM Set-up and Precautions
Figure 2 shows the schematic of the SNHVD96 EVM. The board mounts 13 BergStik headers from JMP1
to JMP14 (JMP5 is omitted) and two 3-pin terminal blocks, TB1 and TB2, supporting the device evaluation
for a wide range of system configurations.
• Pin 1 (EARTH) is a second ground pin that allows applying an external voltage between GND and
EARTH to simulate common-mode voltage conditions.
• Pin 2 (GND) shall be connected to the negative output or ground terminal of the PSU. This pin
represents the ground potential of the device-under-test and the entire EVM. It also connects to
various jumpers on the board.
• Pin 3 (VCC) shall be connected to the positive output of a regulated 5V power supply unit (PSU) as it
represents the positive supply voltage of the device-under-test and also connects to various jumpers
on the board.
2
Sympol™ Transceiver
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
EVM Set-up and Precautions
www.ti.com
R11
R10
VCC
0W
GND
1
2
3
EARTH
JMP12
1
2
3
R2
50 W
n.a.
JMP3
VCC
DE
3
4
C4
1mF
C5
0.1mF
C12
n.a.
C13
n.a.
JMP13
1
2
3
U1
1
2
3
4
R
RE
DE
D
VCC
B
A
GND
R6
n.a.
C1
1 mF
8
7
6
5
B
R5
120 W
C7
n.a.
R7
n.a.
R3
50 W
n.a.
JMP6
1
2
3
4
A
VCM_A
D
JMP14
1
2
3
R4
50 W
n.a.
D2
2
3
D1
VCC_ON
1
1
2
3
4
R9
0W
2
3
4 3 2 1
JMP8
1
D_IN
TB2
JMP7
JMP10
4 3 2 1
R14
R8
0W
4 3 2 1
VCM_A
VCC
VCC
1
VCM_B
JMP4
1
2
3
4
R1
1 kW
2
VCC
1
2
C11
68 mF
C6
n.a.
JMP2
RE
C10
10 mF
VCM_B
VCC
VCC
JMP11
C2
0.1mF
VCM_A
1
2
3
4
R
C1
1mF
VCM_B
JMP1
VCC
1
1 kW
R_OUT
1
2
3
4
TB1
1
2
D3
2
C8
n.a.
1 kW
JMP9
C9
n.a.
Figure 2. EVM Schematic
For the first measurements, ignore the common-mode simulation and connect EARTH to GND through a
wire-bridge between pin 1 and pin 2 of TB1.
PSU
5V
3
2
1
TB1
Figure 3. Bridging DUT_GND with EART_GND
While JMP2 to JMP4 are stimulation points, or headers through which the control and data signals for the
SN65HVD96 are applied, JMP1, and JMP11 to JMP14 are probe points, or headers at which these signal
can be measured.
Note that the 50 Ω resistors, R2, R3, and R4, have the index n.a., indicating that these components are
not assembled. Because signal generators have a typical source impedance of 50 Ω, their output is twice
the required signal voltage, assuming that the on-board 50 Ω resistors divide this voltage down to the
correct signal level.
Without these resistors; however, this voltage divider action is not given, and the generator output voltage
must be reduced to 5 V to avoid damaging the transceiver inputs.
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Sympol™ Transceiver
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
3
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
www.ti.com
Signal
Generator
Scope
5V
Ch1
Ch2
JMP4
1
2
3
4
VCC
JMP14
1
2
3
D - input of
SN65HVD95
Figure 4. Example for Stimulus and Probe Points with JMP4 and JMP14
Figure 4 gives an example for entering a data signal into the driver section of the Sympol™ transceiver.
The signal output of the generator is adjusted to 5V. The generator’s ground terminal is connected with pin
3, and the signal output terminal with pin 2 of JMP4. The data signal is measured via an oscilloscope with
its signal input connected to pin 1 and its ground wire connected to pin 2 and of JMP14.
The same set-up applies to the DE and RE inputs via their corresponding headers JMP2 and 12 and
JMP3 and 13. JMP1 however, must not receive a signal stimulus. Like JMP11, it represents the receiver
output, R, of the SN65HVD96.
Instead of using signal generators, the EVM can directly interface to micro controller I/O. Then the
non-assembled 50 Ω resistors are of no concern. However, for proper operation, it must be assured that
the high-level input voltage VIH ≥ 2 V and the low-level input voltage VIL ≤ 0.8 V.
3
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
The generally recommended procedure for taking measurements is listed:
1. Install the ground connections required.
2. Connect the oscilloscope with the respective probe points you want to measure.
3. Adjust the power-supply to 5 V.
4. Adjust the generator outputs for a 5 V maximum output signal level, or check the logic switching levels
of the controller I/O.
5. Connect the power supply conductor with pin 3 of TB1 and observe the blue LED (D1) turning on.
6. Connect signal conductors from the controller or the generator with their corresponding EVM inputs at
JMP2 to JMP4.
7. Logic high at the receiver output, R, will turn on the red LED (D3), and logic high at the driver input, D,
turns on the green LED (D2). If D is left open, an internal 100 kΩ pull-up resistor provides logic high
instead. However, due to the small input current, D2 will remain off.
3.1
Measurement Examples
Each of the following measurement examples shows the equivalent circuit diagram and the corresponding
EVM set-up. Only the measurement relevant headers and terminal blocks are shown, and not necessarily
at their exact location on the EVM.
1. Standard Transceiver Configuration
Normal transceiver operation requires both, the driver and the receiver sections being active.
Therefore, the receiver enable pin (RE) must be at logic low potential and the driver enable pin (DE) at
logic high.
Transmit data entering at the D-input terminal appear as the differential output voltage (VOD = VA – VB)
on the bus wires, A and B. Via the active receiver, it is possible to sense the data traffic in transmit
direction.
4
Sympol™ Transceiver
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
www.ti.com
DUT_VCC
U1
Receive
data
0V
5V
Transmit
data
R
1
8
Vcc
RE
2
7
B
R8
B
0W
R5
120 W
DE
3
6
A
D
4
5
GND
B
VOD
R9
A
VB
0W
A
VA
Figure 5. Transceiver Configuration for Normal Operation
Figure 6 shows the corresponding EVM set-up. Earth and ground receive the same reference potential,
PSU-ground, through the wire-bridge from pin 1 to pin 2 at the terminal block, TB1, while pin 3 (VCC)
is connected to the 5 V output of a power-supply unit (PSU).
Signal
Generator
Scope
PSU1
5V
5V
Ch1
Ch2
Ch3
Ch4
TB1
VCC
3
1
2
3
4
VCC
VCC
DE
R
JMP3
2
1
2
3
4
JMP11
1
2
3
GND
VCC
/RE
EARTH
1
2
3
4
1
JMP2
JMP6
HVD96
EVM
1
2
3
4
B
A
JMP4
JMP14
1
2
3
D
Figure 6. EVM Set-up for Normal Transceiver Operation
The low potential for RE is provided by the wire-bridge from pin 2 to pin 3 at JMP2, and the high
potential for DE through a wire-bridge from pin 2 to pin 1 at JMP3. Data from the signal generator enter
the board at pin 2 and pin 3 of JMP4. This data is measured via channel 1, which is connected to pin 1
and pin 2 of JMP14. Channel 2 measures the receive data at JMP11, and channels 3 and 4 the bus
voltages, VA and VB, at JMP6.
2. Operation Under Maximum Load
EIA-485 (RS-485) specifies three maximum load parameters: a maximum differential load of 60 Ω, a
maximum common-mode load of 375 Ω for each bus wire, and a receiver common-mode voltage
range from –7 V to +12 V. Figure 7 reflects these requirements through R5, R8, R9, and VCM. Note that
under maximum load conditions the transceiver must be capable of sourcing and sinking bus currents
of up to 55 mA. The purpose of this test is to show the robustness of VOD over the entire
common-mode voltage range at maximum load.
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Sympol™ Transceiver
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
5
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
www.ti.com
DUT_VCC
U1
Receive
data
R
8
1
Vcc
R8
B
RE
0V
5V
Transmit
data
2
7
B
R5
60 W
DE
3
6
A
D
4
5
GND
375 W
VOD
R9
A
375 W
VCM = -7V to +12V
Figure 7. Configuration for Maximum Loading
While the cable connections of the signal generator and the oscilloscope remain the same as in the
previous example, the following board changes need to be implemented to reflect maximum load
conditions:
• replace R5 (120 Ω default) with 60 Ω
• replace R8 and R9 (0 Ω default) with 375 Ω
• connect pin 2 of JMP7 with pin 1 and pin 3 with pin 4
• replace the previous wire-bridge at TB1 with a second power supply unit (PSU2) and connect the
ground terminals of both, PSU1 and PSU2 with a wire-bridge, as shown in Figure 8.
Signal
Generator
Scope
5V
Ch4
Ch3
Ch2
PSU2
Ch1
PSU1
VCM
5V
VCC
JMP3
JMP6
HVD96
EVM
1
2
3
4
3
1
2
3
4
R
VCC
VCC
DE
1
1
2
3
4
JMP11
1
2
3
GND
VCC
/RE
EARTH
1
2
3
4
2
TB1
JMP2
R8
375W
R9
375W
JMP7
1
2
3
4
JMP4
JMP14
1
2
3
D
Figure 8. EVM Set-up for Maximum Loading
Note that Figure 8 only shows the wiring of PSU2 for positive common-mode voltages. For negative
VCM, connect the ground terminal of PSU2 with pin 1 of TB1 (Earth), and the VCM-output of PSU2 with
the ground terminal of PSU1.
3. Wire-fault Condition
Simulating a wire-fault condition is easily accomplished by using two evaluation modules, one
configured as the driving, the other one as the receiving EVM. Figure 9 shows the equivalent circuit
using two EVMs with default component values.
6
Sympol™ Transceiver
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
www.ti.com
DUT_VCC
DUT_VCC
U1
Receive
data
U1
R
1
8
RE
2
7
B
DE
3
6
A
D
4
5
GND
Vcc
B
0V
0V
R5
V
120 W OD
A
R8
R8
0W
0W
R9
R9
0W
0W
Vcc
8
1
R
B
7
2
RE
A
6
3
DE
GND
5
4
D
B
R5
120 W
A
5V
5V
Transmit
data
Figure 9. Wire-fault Simulation Using two EVMs
Figure 10 illustrates the EVM configurations and the measurement set-up. The right evaluation module
(EVM2) is configured as the driver. Both, driver and receiver enable inputs, DE and RE, receive high
potential through the wire-bridges to VCC at JMP3 and JMP2. Note that EVM2 is turned by 180°.
EVM1 on the left is configured as the receiver. Here, the driver and receiver enable inputs receive low
potential through the wire-bridges to GND at JMP3 and JMP2.
Scope
Signal
Generator
PSU1
5V
Ch4
Ch3
Ch2
5V
Ch1
TB1
3
D
TB2
JMP6
B
A
1
2
3
4
VCC
JMP4
4
3
2
1
DE
VCC
JMP3
4
3
2
1
/RE
VCC
JMP2
4
3
2
1
JMP14
3
2
1
TB2
1
3
A
B
2
2
B
A
3
1
HVD96
EVM2
1
2
3
5V
GND
PSU2
VCC
HVD96
EVM1
EARTH
JMP3
2
VCC
DE
R
VCC
1
2
3
4
JMP11
1
2
3
GND
VCC
/RE
EARTH
1
2
3
4
1
JMP2
TB1
Figure 10. EVM Configurations: Left as Receiver EVM, Right as Transmitter EVM
The input data signal entering EVM2 at JMP4 is measured on scope channel 1, probing the signal at
the D-input pin of JMP14. The cross-wiring of the bus wires occurs at the EVM interlink, between the
two TB2 terminal blocks. To proof wire-fault robustness, the differential receiver input and the
single-ended receiver output signals are measured after the cross-wiring. Channels 2 and 3 measure
the bus voltages, VA and VB, at pin 2 and pin 3 of JMP6, while the receiver output is taken from pin 1 at
JMP11. Note that both 5 V power supplies, PSU1 and PSU2 have their ground terminals connected to
the ground and Earth terminals of their respective EVMs.
The scope pictures for the individual examples are shown in Figure 11, Figure 12, and Figure 13.
Figure 14 and Figure 15 show the top and bottom view of the SN65HVD96 EVM.
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Sympol™ Transceiver
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
7
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
www.ti.com
D
5V/Div
VA
VB
2V/Div
R
5V/Div
1us/Div
Figure 11. Sympol™ Signaling at 500 kbps Over 1 Meter Cable
D
10V/Div
5V/Div
VA
VB
R
5V/Div
1us/Div
Figure 12. Sympol™ Signaling is Unaffected by Common-Mode Voltage
D
5V/Div
VB
VA
2V/Div
R
5V/Div
1us/Div
Figure 13. Sympol™ Signaling is Unaffected by Cross-wire Fault
8
Sympol™ Transceiver
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Powering up the EVM and Taking Measurements
www.ti.com
Figure 14. Top View of SN65 HVD96 EVM
Figure 15. Bottom View of SN65 HVD96 EVM
For detailed information on the device parameters see the SN65HVD96 data sheet (Lit.# SLLSE35).
SLLU128A – June 2010 – Revised August 2010
Sympol™ Transceiver
Copyright © 2010, Texas Instruments Incorporated
9
Evaluation Board/Kit Important Notice
Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:
This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION
PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. Persons handling the
product(s) must have electronics training and observe good engineering practice standards. As such, the goods being provided are
not intended to be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations,
including product safety and environmental measures typically found in end products that incorporate such semiconductor
components or circuit boards. This evaluation board/kit does not fall within the scope of the European Union directives regarding
electromagnetic compatibility, restricted substances (RoHS), recycling (WEEE), FCC, CE or UL, and therefore may not meet the
technical requirements of these directives or other related directives.
Should this evaluation board/kit not meet the specifications indicated in the User’s Guide, the board/kit may be returned within 30
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take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge.
EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THE INDEMNITY SET FORTH ABOVE, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER
FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
TI currently deals with a variety of customers for products, and therefore our arrangement with the user is not exclusive.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of
patents or services described herein.
Please read the User’s Guide and, specifically, the Warnings and Restrictions notice in the User’s Guide prior to handling the
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FCC Warning
This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION
PURPOSES ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. It generates, uses, and
can radiate radio frequency energy and has not been tested for compliance with the limits of computing devices pursuant to part 15
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EVM Warnings and Restrictions
It is important to operate this EVM within the input voltage range of 0V to 5.25V and the output voltage range of 0V to 5.25V .
Exceeding the specified input range may cause unexpected operation and/or irreversible damage to the EVM. If there are
questions concerning the input range, please contact a TI field representative prior to connecting the input power.
Applying loads outside of the specified output range may result in unintended operation and/or possible permanent damage to the
EVM. Please consult the EVM User's Guide prior to connecting any load to the EVM output. If there is uncertainty as to the load
specification, please contact a TI field representative.
During normal operation, some circuit components may have case temperatures greater than 125°C. The EVM is designed to
operate properly with certain components above 125°C as long as the input and output ranges are maintained. These components
include but are not limited to linear regulators, switching transistors, pass transistors, and current sense resistors. These types of
devices can be identified using the EVM schematic located in the EVM User's Guide. When placing measurement probes near
these devices during operation, please be aware that these devices may be very warm to the touch.
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