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TCA9545A
SCPS204D – JANUARY 2014 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2019
TCA9545A Low Voltage 4-channel I2C and SMbus Switch With Interrupt Logic and Reset
Functions
1 Features
2 Applications
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1-of-4 Bidirectional translating switches
I2C bus and SMBus compatible
Four active-low interrupt inputs
Active-low interrupt output
Active-low reset input
Two address terminals, allowing up to four
devices on the I2C bus
Channel selection via I2C bus, in any combination
Power-up with all switch channels deselected
Low RON switches
Allows voltage-level translation between 1.8-V,
2.5-V, 3.3-V, and 5-V buses
No glitch on power-up
Supports hot insertion
Low standby current
Operating power-supply voltage range of
1.65 V to 5.5 V
5.5 V Tolerant inputs
0 to 400-kHz Clock frequency
Latch-Up performance exceeds 100 mA per JESD
78
ESD Protection exceeds JESD 22
– 4000-V Human-body model (A114-A)
– 1500-V Charged-device model (C101)
Servers
Routers (telecom switching equipment)
Factory automation
Products with I2C slave address conflicts (e.g.
multiple, identical temp sensors)
3 Description
The TCA9545A is a quad bidirectional translating
switch controlled via the I2C bus. The SCL/SDA
upstream pair fans out to four downstream pairs, or
channels. Any individual SCn/SDn channel or
combination of channels can be selected, determined
by the contents of the programmable control register.
Four interrupt inputs (INT3–INT0), one for each of the
downstream pairs, are provided. One interrupt (INT)
output acts as an AND of the four interrupt inputs.
An active-low reset (RESET) input allows the
TCA9545A to recover from a situation in which one of
the downstream I2C buses is stuck in a low state.
Pulling RESET low resets the I2C state machine and
causes all the channels to be deselected, as does the
internal power-on reset function.
The pass gates of the switches are constructed such
that the VCC terminal can be used to limit the
maximum high voltage, which will be passed by the
TCA9545A. This allows the use of different bus
voltages on each pair, so that 1.8-V, 2.5-V, or 3.3-V
parts can communicate with 5-V parts, without any
additional protection. External pull-up resistors pull
the bus up to the desired voltage level for each
channel. All I/O terminals are 5.5 V tolerant.
Device Information
ORDER NUMBER
TCA9545APWR
PACKAGE
TSSOP (20)
BODY SIZE
6,5mm x 4,4mm
Simplified Application Diagram
Channel 0
I2C or SMBus
VCC
SDA
SCL
INT
SD0
SC0
INT0
Channel 1
Master
(e.g. µProcessor)
Slaves A0, A1...AN
RESET
SD1
SC1
INT1
Slaves B0, B1...BN
TCA9545A
A0
A1
GND
SD2
SC2
INT2
SD3
SC3
INT3
Channel 2
Slaves C0, C1...CN
Channel 3
Slaves D0, D1...DN
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
TCA9545A
SCPS204D – JANUARY 2014 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2019
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
1
1
1
2
3
4
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
4
4
4
4
5
6
7
7
8
Absolute Maximum Ratings .....................................
ESD Ratings..............................................................
Recommended Operating Conditions ......................
Thermal Information ..................................................
Electrical Characteristics...........................................
I2C Interface Timing Requirements...........................
Switching Characteristics ..........................................
Interrupt and Reset Timing Requirements ................
Typical Characteristics ..............................................
Parameter Measurement Information .................. 9
Detailed Description ............................................ 11
8.1 Overview ................................................................. 11
8.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 11
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
9
Feature Description.................................................
Device Functional Modes........................................
Programming...........................................................
Control Register ......................................................
12
12
12
15
Application and Implementation ........................ 17
9.1 Application Information............................................ 17
9.2 Typical Application .................................................. 17
10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 20
10.1 Power-On Reset Requirements ........................... 20
11 Layout................................................................... 22
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 22
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 22
12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 23
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
Support Resources ...............................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
23
23
23
23
23
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 23
4 Revision History
Changes from Revision C (July 2019) to Revision D
•
Page
Changed VCC = 3.3 V to VCC = 2.5 V in Figure 16................................................................................................................ 17
Changes from Revision B (March 2014) to Revision C
Page
•
Moved Tstg to the Absolute Maximum Ratings table............................................................................................................... 4
•
Changed the Handling Ratings table To: ESD Ratings table................................................................................................. 4
•
Changed the last row of column B1 From: X To: 0 in Table 1 ............................................................................................ 16
Changes from Revision A (March 2014) to Revision B
•
Updated pin names in graphics. ............................................................................................................................................ 1
Changes from Original (January 2014) to Revision A
•
2
Page
Page
Updated PREVIEW document to full version. ....................................................................................................................... 1
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SCPS204D – JANUARY 2014 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2019
5 Pin Configuration and Functions
PW package
20-Pin TSSOP
Top View
A0
1
20
VCC
A1
2
19
SDA
RE SET
3
18
SCL
INT0
4
17
INT
SD0
5
16
SC3
SC0
6
15
SD3
INT1
7
14
INT3
SD1
8
13
SC2
SC1
9
12
SD2
GND
10
11
INT2
No t to scale
Pin Functions
PIN
(1)
DESCRIPTION
NO.
NAME
1
A0
Address input 0. Connect directly to VCC or ground.
2
A1
Address input 1. Connect directly to VCC or ground.
3
RESET
4
INT0
Active-low interrupt input 0. Connect to VDPU0 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
5
SD0
Serial data 0. Connect to VDPU0
(1)
through a pul-up resistor.
6
SC0
Serial clock 0. Connect to VDPU0
(1)
through a pull-up resistor.
7
INT1
Active-low interrupt input 1. Connect to VDPU1 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
8
SD1
Serial data 1. Connect to VDPU1 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
9
SC1
Serial clock 1. Connect to VDPU1 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
10
GND
Ground
11
INT2
Active-low interrupt input 2. Connect to VDPU2 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
12
SD2
Serial data 2. Connect to VDPU2 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
13
SC2
Serial clock 2. Connect to VDPU2 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
14
INT3
Active-low interrupt input 3. Connect to VDPU3 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
15
SD3
Serial data 3. Connect to VDPU3 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
16
SC3
Serial clock 3. Connect to VDPU3 (1) through a pull-up resistor.
17
INT
Active-low interrupt output. Connect to VDPUM (1) through a pull-up resistor.
18
SCL
Serial clock line. Connect to VDPUM (1) through a pull-up resistor.
19
SDA
Serial data line. Connect to VDPUM (1) through a pull-up resistor.
20
VCC
Supply power
Active-low reset input. Connect to VCC or VDPUM (1) through a pull-up resistor if not
used.
VDPUX is the pull-up reference voltage for the associated data line. VDPUM is the master I2C master reference voltage and VDPU0–VDPU3
are the slave channel reference voltages.
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SCPS204D – JANUARY 2014 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2019
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6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings (1)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
VCC
MIN
MAX
Supply voltage range
–0.5
7
(2)
–0.5
UNIT
V
VI
Input voltage range
II
Input current
±20
7
mA
V
IO
Output current
±25
mA
Continuous current through VCC
±100
mA
Continuous current through GND
±100
mA
400
mW
Ptot
Total power dissipation
TA
Operating free-air temperature range
–40
85
°C
Tstg
Storage temperature range
–65
150
°C
(1)
(2)
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating
conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
The input negative-voltage and output voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output current ratings are observed.
6.2 ESD Ratings
PARAMETER
VESD (1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
DEFINITION
Human Body Model (HBM), ESD Stress Voltage (2)
MIN MAX
UNIT
All Terminals
4000
V
Charged Device Model (CDM) ESD Stress Voltage (3) All Terminals
1500
V
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) to measure device sensitivity/immunity to damage caused by assembly line electrostatic discharges into
the device.
Level listed above is the passing level per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001. JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe
manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. Terminals listed as 250 V may actually have higher performance.
Level listed above is the passing level per EIA-JEDEC JESD22-C101. JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe
manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. Terminals listed as 250 V may actually have higher performance.
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions (1)
VCC
VIH
High-level input voltage
VIL
Low-level input voltage
TA
Operating free-air temperature
(1)
MIN
MAX
1.65
5.5
SCL, SDA
0.7 × VCC
6
A1, A0, INT3–INT0, RESET
0.7 × VCC
VCC + 0.5
SCL, SDA
–0.5
0.3 × VCC
A1, A0, INT3–INT0, RESET
–0.5
0.3 × VCC
–40
85
Supply voltage
UNIT
V
V
V
°C
All unused inputs of the device must be held at VCC or GND to ensure proper device operation. Refer to the TI application report,
Implications of Slow or Floating CMOS Inputs, literature number SCBA004.
6.4 Thermal Information
TCA9545A
THERMAL METRIC (1)
PW
UNIT
20 TERMINALS
θJA
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
115.3
θJCtop
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
48.7
θJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
66.4
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
6.5
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
65.8
(1)
4
°C/W
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report.
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SCPS204D – JANUARY 2014 – REVISED NOVEMBER 2019
6.5 Electrical Characteristics
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VPORR
Power-on reset voltage, VCC
rising
No load, VI = VCC or GND (2)
VPORF
Power-on reset voltage, VCC
falling (3)
No load,VI = VCC or GND (2)
VCC
MIN TYP (1)
MAX
1.2
1.5
0.8
5V
2.6
3.3 V
Switch output voltage
VSWin = VCC,
ISWout = –100 μA
3 V to 3.6 V
1.65 V to 1.95 V
VO = VCC
VOL = 0.6 V
INT
2.8
1.4
1.0
1.65 V to 5.5 V
VOL = 0.4 V
1.8
0.5
1.1
10
3
7
6
10
±1
VI = VCC or GND (2)
A1, A0
1.65 V to 5.5 V
±1
INT3–INT0
±1
RESET
±1
fSCL = 400 kHz
VI = VCC or GND (2)
IO = 0
tr,max = 300 ns
Operating mode
fSCL = 100 kHz
VI = VCC or GND (2)
IO = 0
tr,max = 1 µs
ICC
Low inputs
VI = GND (2)
IO = 0
Standby mode
High inputs
INT3–INT0
Supply-current
change
SCL, SDA
(1)
(2)
(3)
mA
±1
SC3–SC0, SD3–SD0
ΔICC
μA
3
SCL, SDA
II
V
0.8
1.65 V to 5.5 V
VOL = 0.4 V
SDA
IOL
4.5
1.6
1.8 V
INT
V
1.9
2.5 V
2.3 V to 2.7 V
IOH
V
3.6
4.5 V to 5.5 V
Vpass
1
UNIT
VI = VCC
IO = 0
5.5 V
50
3.6 V
20
2.7 V
11
1.65 V
6
5.5 V
35
3.6 V
14
2.7 V
5
1.65 V
2
5.5 V
1.6
2
3.6 V
1.0
1.3
2.7 V
0.7
1.1
1.65 V
0.4
0.55
5.5 V
1.6
2
3.6 V
1.0
1.3
2.7 V
0.7
1.1
1.65 V
0.4
0.55
3
20
3
20
2
15
2
15
One INT3–INT0 input at 0.6 V,
Other inputs at VCC or GND (2)
One INT3–INT0 input at VCC – 0.6 V,
Other inputs at VCC or GND (2)
SCL or SDA input at 0.6 V,
Other inputs at VCC or GND (2)
1.65 V to 5.5 V
SCL or SDA input at VCC – 0.6 V,
Other inputs at VCC or GND (2)
μA
μA
μA
All typical values are at nominal supply voltage (VCC = 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V, or 5 V), TA = 25°C.
RESET = VCC (held high) when all other input voltages, VI = GND
The power-on reset circuit resets the I2C bus logic with VCC < VPORF.
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VCC
MIN TYP (1)
MAX
4.5
6
A1, A0
Ci
INT3–INT0
VI = VCC or GND (2)
1.65 V to 5.5 V
RESET
(4)
Cio(OFF)
SC3–SC0, SD3–SD0
RON
(4)
SCL, SDA
VI = VCC or
GND (2)
Switch OFF
VO = 0.4 V
IO = 15 mA
VO = 0.4 V
IO = 10 mA
4.5
6
4.5
5.5
15
19
6
8
1.65 V to 5.5 V
Switch on-state resistance
4.5 V to 5.5 V
4
10
16
3 V to 3.6 V
5
13
20
2.3 V to 2.7 V
7
16
45
1.65 V to 1.95 V
10
25
70
UNIT
pF
pF
Ω
Cio(ON) depends on the device capacitance and load that is downstream from the device.
6.6 I2C Interface Timing Requirements
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 5)
STANDARD MODE
I2C BUS
MIN
fscl
I2C clock frequency
tsch
I2C clock high time
tscl
I2C clock low time
MAX
FAST MODE
I2C BUS
MIN
100
400
0.6
μs
4.7
1.3
μs
tsp
I C spike time
tsds
I2C serial-data setup time
250
50
100
tsdh
I2C serial-data hold time
0 (1)
0 (1)
ticr
I2C input rise time
2
I C input fall time
I2C output fall time
tbuf
I2C bus free time between stop and start
10-pF to 400-pF bus
2
50
ns
ns
μs
20 + 0.1Cb
(2)
300
ns
300
20 + 0.1Cb
(2)
300
ns
300
20 + 0.1Cb
(2)
300
ns
1000
tocf
kHz
4
2
ticf
UNIT
MAX
4.7
1.3
μs
tsts
I C start or repeated start condition setup
4.7
0.6
μs
tsth
I2C start or repeated start condition hold
4
0.6
μs
tsps
I2C stop condition setup
4
0.6
μs
tvdL(Data)
Valid-data time (high to low) (3)
SCL low to SDA output low
valid
tvdH(Data)
Valid-data time (low to high) (3)
SCL low to SDA output high
valid
tvd(ack)
Valid-data time of ACK condition
ACK signal from SCL low
to SDA output low
Cb
(1)
(2)
(3)
6
2
I C bus capacitive load
1
1
μs
0.6
0.6
μs
1
1
μs
400
400
pF
A device internally must provide a hold time of at least 300 ns for the SDA signal (referred to as the VIH min of the SCL signal), in order
to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL.
Cb = total bus capacitance of one bus line in pF
Data taken using a 1-kΩ pullup resistor and 50-pF load (see Figure 5)
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6.7 Switching Characteristics
over recommended operating free-air temperature range, CL ≤ 100 pF (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 7)
PARAMETER
tpd
(1)
tir
(2)
RON = 20 Ω, CL = 50 pF
Interrupt valid time (2)
tiv
(1)
RON = 20 Ω, CL = 15 pF
Propagation delay time
Interrupt reset delay time
(2)
FROM
(INPUT)
TO
(OUTPUT)
SDA or SCL
SDn or SCn
INTn
INT
4
μs
INTn
INT
2
μs
MIN
MAX
0.3
1
UNIT
ns
The propagation delay is the calculated RC time constant of the typical ON-state resistance of the switch and the specified load
capacitance, when driven by an ideal voltage source (zero output impedance).
Data taken using a 4.7-kΩ pullup resistor and 100-pF load (see Figure 7)
6.8 Interrupt and Reset Timing Requirements
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 7)
PARAMETER
MIN
MAX
UNIT
tPWRL
Low-level pulse duration rejection of INTn inputs
1
μs
tPWRH
High-level pulse duration rejection of INTn inputs
0.5
μs
tWL
Pulse duration, RESET low
6
ns
trst
(1)
tREC(STA)
(1)
RESET time (SDA clear)
500
Recovery time from RESET to start
0
ns
ns
trst is the propagation delay measured from the time the RESET terminal is first asserted low to the time the SDA terminal is asserted
high, signaling a stop condition. It must be a minimum of tWL.
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6.9 Typical Characteristics
800
1.8
VCC = 5.5V
VCC = 3.3V
VCC = 1.65V
1.6
ICC, Standby Mode (µA)
700
VOL (mV)
600
500
400
300
200
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
25ºC (Room Temperature)
85ºC
-40ºC
0.4
100
0.2
1.5
0
0
2
4
IOL
6
(mA)
8
10
12
2
2.5
3
D003
Figure 1. SDA Output Low Voltage (VOL) vs Load Current
(IOL) at Three VCC Levels
4
4.5
5
5.5
D004
30
25ºC (Room Temperature)
85ºC
-40º
5.6
25
5.4
RON (Ohm)
20
5.2
5
4.8
15
10
4.6
4.4
25ºC (Room Temperature)
85ºC
-40ºC
5
4.2
0
4
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
VCC (V)
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
0
0.5
D006
Figure 3. Slave channel (SCn/SDn) capacitance (Cio(OFF)) vs.
Supply Voltage (VCC) at Three Temperature Points
8
3.5
VCC (V)
Figure 2. Standby Current (ICC) vs Supply Voltage (VCC) at
Three Temperature Points
6
5.8
CIO(OFF) (pF)
1.4
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
VCC (V)
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
D001
Figure 4. ON-Resistance (RON) vs Supply Voltage (VCC) at
Three Temperatures
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7 Parameter Measurement Information
VCC
RL = 1 kΩ
SDn, SCn
DUT
CL = 50 pF
(See Note A)
I2C PORT LOAD CONFIGURATION
Two Bytes for Complete
Device Programming
Stop
Address
Start
Address
Condition Condition
Bit 7
Bit 6
(P)
(MSB)
(S)
BYTE
DESCRIPTION
1
I2C address + R/W
2
Control register data
Address
Bit 1
tscl
R/W
Bit 0
(LSB)
Data
Bit 7
(MSB)
ACK
(A)
Data
Bit 0
(LSB)
ACK
(A)
Stop
Condition
(P)
tsch
0.7 × VCC
SCL
tvd(ACK)
or tvdL
tvdH
ticr
ticf
tbuf
tsp
0.3 × VCC
tsts
0.7 × VCC
SDA
0.3 × VCC
ticf
ticr
tsth
tsdh
tsds
tsps
Repeat
Start
Condition
Start or Repeat
Start Condition
Stop
Condition
VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS
A.
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
B.
All input pulses are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω,
tr/tf = 30 ns.
C.
The outputs are measured one at a time, with one transition per measurement.
Figure 5. I2C Interface Load Circuit, Byte Descriptions, and Voltage Waveforms
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Parameter Measurement Information (continued)
Start
ACK or Read Cycle
SCL
SDA
30%
trst
50%
RESET
tREC
tWL
Figure 6. Reset Timing
VCC
RL = 4.7 kΩ
DUT
INT
CL = 100 pF
(See Note A)
INTERRUPT LOAD CONFIGURATION
INTn
(input)
0.5 × VCC
INTn
(input)
tir
tiv
INT
(output)
0.5 × VCC
0.5 × VCC
INT
(output)
VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS (tiv)
0.5 × VCC
VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS (tir)
A.
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
B.
All input pulses are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω,
tr/tf = 30 ns.
Figure 7. Interrupt Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
10
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8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
The TCA9545A is a 4-channel, bidirectional translating I2C switch. The master SCL/SDA signal pair is directed to
four channels of slave devices, SC0/SD0-SC3/SD3. Any individual downstream channel can be selected as well
as any combination of the four channels. The TCA9545A also supports interrupt signals in order for the master to
detect an interrupt on the INT output terminal that can result from any of the slave devices connected to the
INT3-INT0 input terminals.
The device offers an active-low RESET input which resets the state machine and allows the TCA9545A to
recover should one of the downstream I2C buses get stuck in a low state. The state machine of the device can
also be reset by cycling the power supply, VCC, also known as a power-on reset (POR). Both the RESET function
and a POR will cause all channels to be deselected.
The connections of the I2C data path are controlled by the same I2C master device that is switched to
communicate with multiple I2C slaves. After the successful acknowledgment of the slave address (hardware
selectable by A0 and A1 terminals), a single 8-bit control register is written to or read from to determine the
selected channels and state of the interrupts.
The TCA9545A may also be used for voltage translation, allowing the use of different bus voltages on each
SCn/SDn pair such that 1.8-V, 2.5-V, or 3.3-V parts can communicate with 5-V parts. This is achieved by using
external pull-up resistors to pull the bus up to the desired voltage for the master and each slave channel.
8.2 Functional Block Diagram
TCA9545A
SC0
SC1
SC2
SC3
6
9
13
16
SD0
5
SD1
8
SD2 12
SD3 15
GND
VCC
RESET
Switch Control Logic
10
20
3
Power-on Reset
SCL 18
SDA
INT0
INT1
19
1
Input Filter
I2C Bus Control
2
A0
A1
4
7
INT2 11
INT3 14
Interrupt Logic
Output
Filter
17
INT
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8.3 Feature Description
The TCA9545A is a 4-channel, bidirectional translating switch for I2C buses that supports Standard-Mode (100
kHz) and Fast-Mode (400 kHz) operation. The TCA9545A features I2C control using a single 8-bit control register
in which the four least significant bits control the enabling and disabling of the 4 switch channels of I2C data flow.
The TCA9545A also supports interrupt signals for each slave channel and this data is held in the four most
significant bits of the control register. Depending on the application, voltage translation of the I2C bus can also be
achieved using the TCA9545A to allow 1.8-V, 2.5-V, or 3.3-V parts to communicate with 5-V parts. Additionally,
in the event that communication on the I2C bus enters a fault state, the TCA9545A can be reset to resume
normal operation using the RESET pin feature or by a power-on reset which results from cycling power to the
device.
8.4 Device Functional Modes
8.4.1
RESET Input
The RESET input can be used to recover the TCA9545A from a bus-fault condition. The registers and the I2C
state machine within this device initialize to their default states if this signal is asserted low for a minimum of tWL.
All channels also are deselected in this case. RESET must be connected to VCC through a pull-up resistor.
8.4.2 Power-On Reset
When power is applied to VCC, an internal power-on reset holds the TCA9545A in a reset condition until VCC has
reached VPORR. At this point, the reset condition is released and the TCA9545A registers and I2C state machine
are initialized to their default states, all zeroes, causing all the channels to be deselected. Thereafter, VCC must
be lowered below at least VPORF to reset the device.
8.5 Programming
8.5.1 I2C Interface
The I2C bus is for two-way two-line communication between different ICs or modules. The two lines are a serial
data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). Both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up
resistor when connected to the output stages of a device. Data transfer can be initiated only when the bus is not
busy.
One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on the SDA line must remain stable during the high
period of the clock pulse, as changes in the data line at this time are interpreted as control signals (see Figure 8).
SDA
SCL
Data Line
Stable;
Data Valid
Change
of Data
Allowed
Figure 8. Bit Transfer
Both data and clock lines remain high when the bus is not busy. A high-to-low transition of the data line while the
clock is high is defined as the start condition (S). A low-to-high transition of the data line while the clock is high is
defined as the stop condition (P) (see Figure 9).
12
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Programming (continued)
SDA
SCL
S
P
Start Condition
Stop Condition
Figure 9. Definition of Start and Stop Conditions
A device generating a message is a transmitter; a device receiving a message is the receiver. The device that
controls the message is the master, and the devices that are controlled by the master are the slaves (see
Figure 10).
SDA
SCL
Master
Transmitter/
Receiver
Slave
Transmitter/
Receiver
Slave
Receiver
Master
Transmitter
Master
Transmitter/
Receiver
I2C
Multiplexer
Slave
Figure 10. System Configuration
The number of data bytes transferred between the start and the stop conditions from transmitter to receiver is not
limited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by one acknowledge (ACK) bit. The transmitter must release the SDA
line before the receiver can send an ACK bit.
When a slave receiver is addressed, it must generate an ACK after the reception of each byte. Also, a master
must generate an ACK after the reception of each byte that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. The
device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the ACK clock pulse so that the SDA line is stable
low during the high pulse of the ACK-related clock period (see Figure 11). Setup and hold times must be taken
into account.
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Programming (continued)
Data Output
by Transmitter
NACK
Data Output
by Receiver
ACK
SCL From
Master
1
2
8
9
S
Clock Pulse for ACK
Start
Condition
Figure 11. Acknowledgment on the I2C Bus
A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge (NACK) after
the last byte has been clocked out of the slave. This is done by the master receiver by holding the SDA line high.
In this event, the transmitter must release the data line to enable the master to generate a stop condition.
Data is transmitted to the TCA9545A control register using the write mode shown in Figure 12.
Slave Address
SDA
S
1
1
1
0
0
Control Register
A1 A0
0
A
X
X
X
X
B3 B2 B1 B0
P
ACK From Slave
R/W ACK From Slave
Start Condition
A
Stop Condition
Figure 12. Write Control Register
Data is read from the TCA9545A control register using the read mode shown in Figure 13.
Slave Address
SDA
S
1
1
1
0
Start Condition
0
Control Register
A1
A0
1
R/W
A INT3 INT2 INT1 INT0 B3
ACK From Slave
B2
B1
B0
NA
NACK From Master
P
Stop Condition
Figure 13. Read Control Register
14
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8.6 Control Register
8.6.1 Device Address
Following a start condition, the bus master must output the address of the slave it is accessing. The address of
the TCA9545A is shown in Figure 14. To conserve power, no internal pullup resistors are incorporated on the
hardware-selectable address terminals, and they must be pulled high or low.
Slave Address
1
1
0
1
0
A1
A0 R/W
Hardware
Selectable
Fixed
Figure 14. TCA9545A Address
The last bit of the slave address defines the operation to be performed. When set to a logic 1, a read is selected,
while a logic 0 selects a write operation.
8.6.2 Control Register Description
Following the successful acknowledgment of the slave address, the bus master sends a byte to the TCA9545A,
which is stored in the control register (see Figure 15). If multiple bytes are received by the TCA9545A, it saves
the last byte received. This register can be written and read via the I2C bus.
Interrupt Bits
(Read Only)
7
6
5
Channel-Selection Bits
(Read/Write)
4
INT3 INT2 INT1 INT0
3
2
1
0
B3
B2
B1
B0
Channel 0
Channel 1
Channel 2
Channel 3
INT0
INT1
INT2
INT3
Figure 15. Control Register
8.6.3 Control Register Definition
One or several SCn/SDn downstream pairs, or channels, are selected by the contents of the control register (see
Table 1). After the TCA9545A has been addressed, the control register is written. The four LSBs of the control
byte are used to determine which channel or channels are to be selected. When a channel is selected, the
channel becomes active after a stop condition has been placed on the I2C bus. This ensures that all SCn/SDn
lines are in a high state when the channel is made active, so that no false conditions are generated at the time of
connection. A stop condition must occur always right after the acknowledge cycle.
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Control Register (continued)
Table 1. Control Register Write (Channel Selection), Control Register Read (Channel Status) (1)
INT3
(1)
INT2
INT1
INT0
B3
B2
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
0
B1
X
0
0
1
0
Channel 0 disabled
1
Channel 0 enabled
X
X
X
X
X
0
0
0
1
COMMAND
0
Channel 1 disabled
X
1
0
X
B0
Channel 1 enabled
Channel 2 disabled
Channel 2 enabled
Channel 3 disabled
Channel 3 enabled
No channel selected,
power-up/reset default state
Several channels can be enabled at the same time. For example, B3 = 0, B2 = 1, B1 = 1, B0 = 0 means that channels 0 and 3 are
disabled, and channels 1 are 2 and enabled. Care should be taken not to exceed the maximum bus capacity.
8.6.4 Interrupt Handling
The TCA9545A provides four interrupt inputs (one for each channel) and one open-drain interrupt output (see
Table 2). When an interrupt is generated by any device, it is detected by the TCA9545A and the interrupt output
is driven low. The channel does not need to be active for detection of the interrupt. A bit also is set in the control
register.
Bits 4–7 of the control register correspond to channels 0–3 of the TCA9545A, respectively. Therefore, if an
interrupt is generated by any device connected to channel 1, the state of the interrupt inputs is loaded into the
control register when a read is accomplished. Likewise, an interrupt on any device connected to channel 0 would
cause bit 4 of the control register to be set on the read. The master then can address the TCA9545A and read
the contents of the control register to determine which channel contains the device generating the interrupt. The
master then can reconfigure the TCA9545A to select this channel and locate the device generating the interrupt
and clear it.
It should be noted that more than one device can provide an interrupt on a channel, so it is up to the master to
ensure that all devices on a channel are interrogated for an interrupt.
The interrupt inputs can be used as general-purpose inputs if the interrupt function is not required.
If unused, interrupt input(s) must be connected to VCC.
Table 2. Control Register Read (Interrupt) (1)
INT3
INT2
INT1
X
X
X
X
X
0
1
(1)
16
X
0
1
X
B3
B2
B1
B0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
1
INT0
0
1
COMMAND
No interrupt on channel 0
Interrupt on channel 0
No interrupt on channel 1
Interrupt on channel 1
No interrupt on channel 2
Interrupt on channel 2
No interrupt on channel 3
Interrupt on channel 3
Several interrupts can be active at the same time. For example, INT3 = 0, INT2 = 1, INT1 = 1, INT0 = 0 means that there is no interrupt
on channels 0 and 3, and there is interrupt on channels 1 and 2.
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9 Application and Implementation
9.1 Application Information
Applications of the TCA9545A will contain an I2C (or SMBus) master device and up to four I2C slave devices.
The downstream channels are ideally used to resolve I2C slave address conflicts. For example, if four identical
digital temperature sensors are needed in the application, one sensor can be connected at each channel: 0, 1, 2,
and 3. When the temperature at a specific location needs to be read, the appropriate channel can be enabled
and all other channels switched off, the data can be retrieved, and the I2C master can move on and read the next
channel.
In an application where the I2C bus will contain many additional slave devices that do not result in I2C slave
address conflicts, these slave devices can be connected to any desired channel to distribute the total bus
capacitance across multiple channels. If multiple switches will be enabled simultaneously, additional design
requirements must be considered (See Design Requirements and Detailed Design Procedure).
9.2 Typical Application
A typical application of the TCA9545A will contain anywhere from 1 to 5 separate data pull-up voltages, VDPUX ,
one for the master device (VDPUM) and one for each of the selectable slave channels (VDPU0 – VDPU3). In the
event where the master device and all slave devices operate at the same voltage, then the pass voltage, Vpass =
VDPUX. Once the maximum Vpass is known, Vcc can be selected easily using Figure 17. In an application where
voltage translation is necessary, additional design requirements must be considered (See Design Requirements).
Figure 16 shows an application in which the TCA9545A can be used.
VDPUM = 1.65 V to 5.5 V
VCC = 2.5 V
VDPU0 = 1.65 V to 5.5 V
20
VCC
SDA
I2C/SMBus
SCL
Master
19
18
17
3
SDA
SD0
SCL
SC0
INT
INT0
5
Channel 0
6
4
VDPU1 = 1.65 V to 5.5 V
RESET
SD1
8
SC1
9
7
Channel 1
INT1
VDPU2 = 1.65 V to 5.5 V
TCA9545A
SD2
SC2
12
Channel 2
13
11
INT2
2
1
10
A1
A0
GND
SD3
SC3
INT3
VDPU3 = 1.65 V to 5.5 V
15
Channel 3
16
14
Figure 16. TCA9545A Typical Application Schematic
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Typical Application (continued)
9.2.1 Design Requirements
The pull-up resistors on the INT3-INT0 terminals in the application schematic are not required in all applications.
If the device generating the interrupt has an open-drain output structure or can be tri-stated, a pull-up resistor is
required. If the device generating the interrupt has a push-pull output structure and cannot be tri-stated, a pull-up
resistor is not required. The interrupt inputs should not be left floating in the application.
The A0 and A1 terminals are hardware selectable to control the slave address of the TCA9545A. These
terminals may be tied directly to GND or VCC in the application.
If multiple slave channels will be activated simultaneously in the application, then the total IOL from SCL/SDA to
GND on the master side will be the sum of the currents through all pull-up resistors, Rp.
The pass-gate transistors of the TCA9545A are constructed such that the VCC voltage can be used to limit the
maximum voltage that is passed from one I2C bus to another.
Figure 17 shows the voltage characteristics of the pass-gate transistors (note that the graph was generated using
data specified in the Electrical Characteristics section of this data sheet). In order for the TCA9545A to act as a
voltage translator, the Vpass voltage must be equal to or lower than the lowest bus voltage. For example, if the
main bus is running at 5 V and the downstream buses are 3.3 V and 2.7 V, Vpass must be equal to or below 2.7 V
to effectively clamp the downstream bus voltages. As shown in Figure 17, Vpass(max) is 2.7 V when the TCA9545A
supply voltage is 4 V or lower, so the TCA9545A supply voltage could be set to 3.3 V. Pull-up resistors then can
be used to bring the bus voltages to their appropriate levels (see Figure 16).
9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
Once all the slaves are assigned to the appropriate slave channels and bus voltages are identified, the pull-up
resistors, Rp, for each of the buses need to be selected appropriately. The minimum pull-up resistance is a
function of VDPUX, VOL,(max), and IOL:
VDPUX - VOL(max)
Rp(min) =
IOL
(1)
The maximum pull-up resistance is a function of the maximum rise time, tr (300 ns for fast-mode operation, fSCL =
400 kHz) and bus capacitance, Cb:
Rp(max) =
tr
0.8473 ´ Cb
(2)
2
The maximum bus capacitance for an I C bus must not exceed 400 pF for fast-mode operation. The bus
capacitance can be approximated by adding the capacitance of the TCA9545A, Cio(OFF), the capacitance of
wires/connections/traces, and the capacitance of each individual slave on a given channel. If multiple channels
will be activated simultaneously, each of the slaves on all channels will contribute to total bus capacitance.
18
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Typical Application (continued)
9.2.3 TCA9545A Application Curves
25
5
20
Rp(max) (kOhm)
4
Vpass (V)
Standard-mode
Fast-mode
25ºC (Room Temperature)
85ºC
-40ºC
3
2
15
10
5
1
0
0
0
0.5
Space
spacespace
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
VCC (V)
3.5
4
4.5
5
0
5.5
50
100
150
200
250
Cb (pF)
D007
Space
spacespace
Standard-mode
(fSCL= 100 kHz, tr = 1 µs)
Figure 17. Pass-Gate Voltage (Vpass) vs Supply Voltage
(VCC) at Three Temperature Points
300
350
400
450
D008
Fast-mode
(fSCL= 400 kHz, tr= 300 ns)
Figure 18. Maximum Pull-Up resistance (Rp(max)) vs Bus
Capacitance (Cb)
1.8
1.6
Rp(min) (kOhm)
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
VDPUX > 2V
VDPUX 2 V
Figure 19. Minimum Pull-Up Resistance (Rp(min)) vs Pull-Up Reference Voltage (VDPUX)
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10 Power Supply Recommendations
The operating power-supply voltage range of the TCA9545A is 1.65 V to 5.5 V applied at the VCC pin. When the
TCA9545A is powered on for the first time or anytime the device needs to be reset by cycling the power supply,
the power-on reset requirements must be followed to ensure the I2C bus logic is initialized properly.
10.1 Power-On Reset Requirements
In the event of a glitch or data corruption, TCA9545A can be reset to its default conditions by using the power-on
reset feature. Power-on reset requires that the device go through a power cycle to be completely reset. This
reset also happens when the device is powered on for the first time in an application.
A power-on reset is shown in Figure 20.
VCC
Ramp-Up
Ramp-Down
VCC_TRR
VCC drops below VPORF – 50 mV
Time
Time to Re-Ramp
VCC_FT
VCC_RT
Figure 20. VCC is Lowered Below the POR Threshold, Then Ramped Back Up to VCC
Table 3 specifies the performance of the power-on reset feature for TCA9545A for both types of power-on reset.
Table 3. Recommended Supply Sequencing And Ramp Rates (1)
MAX
UNIT
VCC_FT
Fall time
PARAMETER
See Figure 20
1
100
ms
VCC_RT
Rise time
See Figure 20
0.1
100
ms
VCC_TRR
Time to re-ramp (when VCC drops below VPORF(min) – 50 mV or
when VCC drops to GND)
See Figure 20
40
VCC_GH
Level that VCC can glitch down to, but not cause a functional
disruption when VCC_GW = 1 μs
See Figure 21
1.2
V
VCC_GW
Glitch width that will not cause a functional disruption when
VCC_GH = 0.5 × VCC
See Figure 21
10
μs
VPORF
Voltage trip point of POR on falling VCC
See Figure 22
0.8
1.25
V
VPORR
Voltage trip point of POR on rising VCC
See Figure 22
1.05
1.5
V
(1)
20
MIN
TYP
μs
All supply sequencing and ramp rate values are measured at TA = 25°C
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Glitches in the power supply can also affect the power-on reset performance of this device. The glitch width
(VCC_GW) and height (VCC_GH) are dependent on each other. The bypass capacitance, source impedance, and
device impedance are factors that affect power-on reset performance. Figure 21 and Table 3 provide more
information on how to measure these specifications.
VCC
VCC_GH
Time
VCC_GW
Figure 21. Glitch Width and Glitch Height
VPOR is critical to the power-on reset. VPOR is the voltage level at which the reset condition is released and all the
registers and the I2C/SMBus state machine are initialized to their default states. The value of VPOR differs based
on the VCC being lowered to or from 0. Figure 22 and Table 3 provide more details on this specification.
VCC
VPORR
VPORF
Time
POR
Time
Figure 22. VPOR
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11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
For PCB layout of the TCA9545A, common PCB layout practices should be followed but additional concerns
related to high-speed data transfer such as matched impedances and differential pairs are not a concern for I2C
signal speeds. It is common to have a dedicated ground plane on an inner layer of the board and terminals that
are connected to ground should have a low-impedance path to the ground plane in the form of wide polygon
pours and multiple vias. By-pass and de-coupling capacitors are commonly used to control the voltage on the
VCC terminal, using a larger capacitor to provide additional power in the event of a short power supply glitch and
a smaller capacitor to filter out high-frequency ripple.
In an application where voltage translation is not required, all VDPUX voltages and VCC could be at the same
potential and a single copper plane could connect all of pull-up resistors to the appropriate reference voltage. In
an application where voltage translation is required, VDPUM, VDPU0, VDPU1, VDPU2, and VDPU3 may all be on the
same layer of the board with split planes to isolate different voltage potentials.
To reduce the total I2C bus capacitance added by PCB parasitics, data lines (SCn, SDn and INTn) should be a
short as possible and the widths of the traces should also be minimized (e.g. 5-10 mils depending on copper
weight).
11.2 Layout Example
LEGEND
Partial Power Plane
Polygonal
Copper Pour
To I2C Master
VIA to Power Plane
VIA to GND Plane (Inner Layer)
By-pass/De-coupling
capacitors
A0
VCC
A1
SDA
RESET
SCL
INT0
SD0
SC0
22
VDPU3
INT
SC3
SD3
INT3
SD1
SC2
SC1
SD2
GND
INT2
GND
VDPU1
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VDPU2
To Slave Channel 2
To Slave Channel 1
INT1
TCA9545A
VDPU0
VCC
To Slave Channel 3
To Slave Channel 0
GND
VDPUM
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12 Device and Documentation Support
12.1 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates
To receive notification of documentation updates, navigate to the device product folder on ti.com. In the upper
right corner, click on Alert me to register and receive a weekly digest of any product information that has
changed. For change details, review the revision history included in any revised document.
12.2 Support Resources
TI E2E™ support forums are an engineer's go-to source for fast, verified answers and design help — straight
from the experts. Search existing answers or ask your own question to get the quick design help you need.
Linked content is provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do
not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use.
12.3 Trademarks
E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
12.5 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following packaging information and addendum reflect the most current data available for the designated
devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document.
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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10-Dec-2020
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
TCA9545APWR
ACTIVE
TSSOP
PW
20
2000
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
PW545A
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of
