TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
FEATURES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
(1)
Controlled Baseline
– One Assembly/Test Site, One Fabrication
Site
Extended Temperature Performance of –55°C
to 125°C
Enhanced Diminishing Manufacturing Sources
(DMS) Support
Enhanced Product Change Notification
Qualification Pedigree (1)
ESD Protection Exceeds 2000 V Per
MIL-STD-883, Method 3015; Exceeds 100 V
Using Machine Model (C = 200 pF, R = 0)
Single or Dual-Supply Operation
Wide Range of Supply Voltages . . .4 V to 18 V
Very Low Supply Current Drain . . .150 µA Typ
at 5 V
Fast Response Time . . . 200 ns Typ for
TTL-Level Input Step
Built-in ESD Protection
High Input Impedance . . . 1012Ω Typ
Extremely Low Input Bias Current. . .5 pA Typ
Ultrastable Low Input Offset Voltage
Input Offset Voltage Change at Worst-Case
Input Conditions Typically 0.23 µV/Month,
Including the First 30 Days
•
•
•
Common-Mode Input Voltage Range Includes
Ground
Output Compatible With TTL, MOS, and CMOS
Pin-Compatible With LM393
D PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
1OUT
1IN1IN+
GND
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
VCC
2OUT
2IN2IN+
SYMBOL (each comparator)
IN+
OUT
IN -
Component qualification in accordance with JEDEC and
industry standards to ensure reliable operation over an
extended temperature range. This includes, but is not limited
to, Highly Accelerated Stress Test (HAST) or biased 85/85,
temperature cycle, autoclave or unbiased HAST,
electromigration, bond intermetallic life, and mold compound
life. Such qualification testing should not be viewed as
justifying use of this component beyond specified
performance and environmental limits.
DESCRIPTION/ORDERING INFORMATION
This device is fabricated using LinCMOS™ technology and consists of two independent voltage comparators,
each designed to operate from a single power supply. Operation from dual supplies is also possible if the
difference between the two supplies is 4 V to 18 V. Each device features extremely high input impedance
(typically greater than 1012Ω), allowing direct interfacing with high-impedance sources. The outputs are
n-channel open-drain configurations and can be connected to achieve positive-logic wired-AND relationships.
The TLC372 has internal electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuits and has been classified with a 2000-V
ESD rating using human-body-model (HBM) testing. However, care should be exercised in handling this device
as exposure to ESD may result in a degradation of the device parametric performance.
The TLC372 is characterized for operation from –55°C to 125°C.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
LinCMOS is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated
TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
ORDERING INFORMATION (1)
PACKAGE (2)
TA
–55°C to 125°C
(1)
SOIC-(D)
Tape and reel
ORDERABLE PART NUMBER
TOP-SIDE MARKING
TLC372MDREP
372MEP
For the most current package and ordering information, see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI
website at www.ti.com.
Package drawings, standard packing quantities, thermal data, symbolization, and PCB design guidelines are available at
www.ti.com/sc/package.
(2)
EQUIVALENT SCHEMATIC (EACH COMPARATOR)
Common to All Channels
VDD
OUT
GND
IN +
IN −
Absolute Maximum Ratings (1)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
MIN
(2)
VDD
Supply voltage
VID
Differential input voltage (3)
VI
Input voltage range
VO
MAX
UNIT
18
V
±18
V
18
V
Output voltage
18
V
II
Input current
±5
mA
IO
Output current
20
–0.3
Duration of output short circuit to ground (4)
mA
unlimited
Continuous total power dissipation
See Dissipation Rating Table
TA
Operating free-air temperature range
–55
125
°C
Tstg
Storage temperature range
–65
150
°C
260
°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 in) from case for 10 s:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating
conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
All voltage values except differential voltages are with respect to network ground.
Differential voltages are at IN+ with respect to IN–.
Short circuits from outputs to VDD can cause excessive heating and eventual device destruction.
Dissipation Rating Table
2
PACKAGE
TA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING
DERATING
FACTOR
DERATE
ABOVE TA
TA = 70°C
POWER RATING
TA = 85°C
POWER RATING
TA = 125°C
POWER RATING
D
500 mW
5.8 mW/°C
64°C
464 mW
377 mW
145 mW
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
Recommended Operating Conditions
MIN
VDD
Supply voltage
VIC
Common-mode input voltage
TA
Operating free-air temperature
MAX
4
16
VDD = 5 V
0
3.5
VDD = 10 V
0
8.5
–55
125
UNIT
V
V
°C
Electrical Characteristics
at specified free-air temperature, VDD = 5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
VIO
Input offset voltage
IIO
Input offset current
IIB
Input bias current
VICR
Common-mode input voltage range
IOH
High-level output current
TEST CONDITIONS
VIC = VICRmin (2)
TYP
MAX
1
5
Full range
10
25°C
1
10
5
25°C
VID = 1 V
VOH = 5 V
25°C
VOH = 15 V
Full range
VID = –1 V,
IOL = 4 mA
IOL
Low-level output current
VID = –1 V,
VOL = 1.5 V
IDD
Supply current (two comparators)
VID = 1 V,
No load
20
0 to VDD– 1
0.1
25°C
400
700
6
nA
nA
3
150
Full range
25°C
nA
V
0 to VDD– 1.5
25°C
mV
pA
Max
Full range
UNIT
pA
Max
25°C
Low-level output voltage
(2)
MIN
25°C
VOL
(1)
TA (1)
16
150
Full range
µA
mV
mA
300
400
µA
All characteristics are measured with zero common-mode input voltage unless otherwise noted. Full range is –55°C to 125°C.
IMPORTANT: See Parameter Measurement Information.
The offset voltage limits given are the maximum values required to drive the output above 4 V or below 400 mV with a 10-kΩ resistor
between the output and VDD. They can be verified by applying the limit value to the input and checking for the appropriate output state.
Switching Characteristics
VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
Response time
(1)
(2)
TEST CONDITIONS
RL connected to 5 V through
5.1 kΩ, CL = 15 pF (1) (2)
TYP
100-mV input step with 5-mV overdrive
650
TTL-level input step
200
UNIT
ns
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
The response time specified is the interval between the input step function and the instant when the output crosses 1.4 V.
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
The digital output stage of the TLC372 can be damaged if it is held in the linear region of the transfer curve.
Conventional operational amplifier/comparator testing incorporates the use of a servo loop that is designed to
force the device output to a level within this linear region. Since the servo-loop method of testing cannot be
used, the following alternatives for measuring parameters such as input offset voltage, common-mode rejection,
etc., are offered.
To verify that the input offset voltage falls within the limits specified, the limit value is applied to the input as
shown in Figure 1(a). With the noninverting input positive with respect to the inverting input, the output should be
high. With the input polarity reversed, the output should be low.
A similar test can be made to verify the input offset voltage at the common-mode extremes. The supply voltages
can be slewed as shown in Figure 1(b) for the VICR test, rather than changing the input voltages, to provide
greater accuracy.
5V
1V
5.1 kΩ
+
+
−
Applied VIO
Limit
5.1 kΩ
−
VO
Applied VIO
Limit
−4 V
(a) VIO WITH VIC = 0
VO
(b) VIO WITH VIC = 4 V
Figure 1. Method for Verifying That Input Offset Voltage is Within Specified Limits
A close approximation of the input offset voltage can be obtained by using a binary search method to vary the
differential input voltage while monitoring the output state. When the applied input voltage differential is equal,
but opposite in polarity, to the input offset voltage, the output changes states.
4
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION (continued)
Figure 2 illustrates a practical circuit for direct dc measurement of input offset voltage that does not bias the
comparator into the linear region. The circuit consists of a switching-mode servo loop in which U1a generates a
triangular waveform of approximately 20-mV amplitude. U1b acts as a buffer, with C2 and R4 removing any
residual dc offset. The signal is then applied to the inverting input of the comparator under test, while the
noninverting input is driven by the output of the integrator formed by U1c through the voltage divider formed by
R9 and R10. The loop reaches a stable operating point when the output of the comparator under test has a duty
cycle of exactly 50%, which can only occur when the incoming triangle wave is sliced symmetrically or when the
voltage at the noninverting input exactly equals the input offset voltage.
Buffer
+
C2
1 µF
DUT
−
R8
1.8 kΩ, 1%
−
U1a
1/4 TLC274CN
+
Triangle
Generator
R3
100 kΩ
R7
1 MΩ
R4
47 kΩ
R1
240 kΩ
C1
0.1 µF
R6
5.1 kΩ
R2
10 kΩ
C3
0.68 µF
U1c
1/4 TLC274CN
−
U1b
1/4 TLC274C
R5
1.8 kΩ, 1%
+
VDD
VIO
(X100)
Integrator
C4
0.1 µF
R9
10 kΩ, 1%
R10
100 kΩ, 1%
Figure 2. Circuit for Input Offset Voltage Measurement
Voltage divider R9 and R10 provides a step up of the input offset voltage by a factor of 100 to make
measurement easier. The values of R5, R8, R9, and R10 can significantly influence the accuracy of the reading;
therefore, it is suggested that their tolerance level be 1% or lower.
Measuring the extremely low values of input current requires isolation from all other sources of leakage current
and compensation for the leakage of the test socket and board. With a good picoammeter, the socket and board
leakage can be measured with no device in the socket. Subsequently, this open-socket leakage value can be
subtracted from the measurement obtained with a device in the socket to obtain the actual input current of the
device.
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION (continued)
Response time is defined as the interval between the application of an input step function and the instant when
the output reaches 50% of its maximum value. Response time, low-to-high-level output, is measured from the
leading edge of the input pulse, while response time, high-to-low-level output, is measured from the trailing edge
of the input pulse. Response-time measurement at low input signal levels can be greatly affected by the input
offset voltage. The offset voltage should be balanced by the adjustment at the inverting input as shown in
Figure 3, so that the circuit is just at the transition point. Then a low signal, for example 105-mV or 5-mV
overdrive, causes the output to change state.
VDD
5.1 kΩ
Pulse
Generator
DUT
50 Ω
CL
(see Note A)
1V
Input Offset Voltage
Compensation Adjustment
10 Ω
10 Turn
1 kΩ
- 1V
0.1 µF
TEST CIRCUIT
Overdrive
100 mV
Overdrive
Input
Input
100 mV
90%
Low-to-HighLevel Output
90%
50%
High-to-LowLevel Output
10%
tr
tPLH
50%
10%
tf
tPHL
NOTE: A. CL includes probe and jig capacitance
VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS
Figure 3. Response, Rise, and Fall Times Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
6
1 µF
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
LinCMOS™ Process
The LinCMOS process is a linear polysilicon-gate complementary-MOS process. Primarily designed for
single-supply applications, LinCMOS products facilitate the design of a wide range of high-performance analog
functions, from operational amplifiers to complex mixed-mode converters.
This short guide is intended to answer the most frequently asked questions related to the quality and reliability of
LinCMOS products. Further questions should be directed to the nearest TI field sales office.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
CMOS circuits are prone to gate oxide breakdown when exposed to high voltages even if the exposure is only
for very short periods of time. ESD is one of the most common causes of damage to CMOS devices. It can
occur when a device is handled without proper consideration for environmental electrostatic charges, e.g. during
board assembly. If a circuit in which one amplifier from a dual operational amplifier is being used and the unused
pins are left open, high voltages tends to develop. If there is no provision for ESD protection, these voltages may
eventually punch through the gate oxide and cause the device to fail. To prevent voltage buildup, each pin is
protected by internal circuitry.
Standard ESD-protection circuits safely shunt the ESD current by providing a mechanism whereby one or more
transistors break down at voltages higher than the normal operating voltages but lower than the breakdown
voltage of the input gate. This type of protection scheme is limited by leakage currents which flow through the
shunting transistors during normal operation after an ESD voltage has occurred. Although these currents are
small, on the order of tens of nanoamps, CMOS amplifiers are often specified to draw input currents as low as
tens of picoamps.
To overcome this limitation, TI design engineers developed the patented ESD-protection circuit shown in
Figure 4. This circuit can withstand several successive 1-kV ESD pulses, while reducing or eliminating leakage
currents that may be drawn through the input pins. A more detailed discussion of the operation of TI's ESDprotection circuit is presented in Circuit Design Consideration.
VDD
R1
Input
To Protected Circuit
R2
Q1
Q2
D1
D2
D3
VSS
Figure 4. LinCMOS™ ESD-Protection Schematic
Input Protection Circuit Operation
Texas Instruments patented protection circuitry allows for both positive-and negative-going ESD transients.
These transients are characterized by extremely fast rise times and usually low energies, and can occur both
when the device has all pins open and when it is installed in a circuit.
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION (continued)
Positive ESD Transients
Initial positive charged energy is shunted through Q1 to VSS. Q1 turns on when the voltage at the input rises
above the voltage on the VDD pin by a value equal to the VEB of Q1. The base current increases through R2 with
input current as Q1 saturates. The base current through R2 forces the voltage at the drain and gate of Q2 to
exceed its threshold level (VT ~ 22 V to 26 V) and turn Q2 on. The shunted input current through Q1 to VSS is
now shunted through the n-channel enhancement-type MOSFET Q2 to VSS. If the voltage on the input pin
continues to rise, the breakdown voltage of the zener diode D3 is exceeded, and all remaining energy is
dissipated in R1 and D3. The breakdown voltage of D3 is designed to be 24 V to 27 V, which is well below the
gate oxide voltage of the circuit to be protected.
Negative ESD Transients
The negative charged ESD transients are shunted directly through D1. Additional energy is dissipated in R1 and
D2 as D2 becomes forward biased. The voltage seen by the protected circuit is –0.3 V to –1 V (the forward
voltage of D1 and D2).
Circuit-Design Considerations
LinCMOS products are being used in actual circuit environments that have input voltages that exceed the
recommended common-mode input voltage range and activate the input protection circuit. Even under normal
operation, these conditions occur during circuit power up or power down, and in many cases, when the device is
being used for a signal conditioning function. The input voltages can exceed VICR and not damage the device
only if the inputs are current limited. The recommended current limit shown on most product data sheets is ± 5
mA. Figure 5 and Figure 6 show typical characteristics for input voltage versus input current.
Normal operation and correct output state can be expected even when the input voltage exceeds the positive
supply voltage. Again, the input current should be externally limited even though internal positive current limiting
is achieved in the input protection circuit by the action of Q1. When Q1 is on, it saturates and limits the current
to approximately 5-mA collector current by design. When saturated, Q1 base current increases with input
current. This base current is forced into the VDD pin and into the device IDD or the VDD supply through R2
producing the current limiting effects shown in Figure 5. This internal limiting lasts only as long as the input
voltage is below the VT of Q2.
When the input voltage exceeds the negative supply voltage, normal operation is affected and output voltage
states may not be correct. Also, the isolation between channels of multiple devices (duals and quads) can be
severely affected. External current limiting must be used since this current is directly shunted by D1 and D2 and
no internal limiting is achieved. If normal output voltage states are required, an external input voltage clamp is
required (see Figure 7).
8
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION (continued)
INPUT CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
8
TA = 25°C
7
Input Current − mA
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
VDD
VDD + 4
VDD + 8
VDD + 12
Input Voltage − V
Figure 5.
INPUT CURRENT
vs
INPUT VOLTAGE
10
TA = 25°C
9
Input Current − mA
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
VDD − 0.3
VDD − 0.5
VDD − 0.7
VDD − 0.9
Input Voltage − V
Figure 6.
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TLC372-EP
LinCMOS™ DUAL DIFFERENTIAL COMPARATORS
www.ti.com
SGLS385 – MARCH 2007
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION (continued)
VDD
Positive Voltage Input Current LImit:
RI =
RI
VI
See Note A
A.
RL
+
Vref
+VI − VDD − 0.3 V
5 mA
Negative Voltage Input Current LImit:
TLC372
−
RI =
−VI − VDD − (−0.3 V)
5 mA
If the correct output state is required when the negative input exceeds VSS, a Schottky clamp is required.
Figure 7. Typical Input Current-Limiting Configuration for a LinCMOS™ Comparator
10
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
10-Dec-2020
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
(4/5)
(6)
TLC372MDREP
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-55 to 125
372MEP
V62/06675-01XE
ACTIVE
SOIC
D
8
2500
RoHS & Green
NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-55 to 125
372MEP
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of