TPA6110A2
SLOS314B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2011
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150-mW STEREO AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER
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FEATURES
•
•
•
•
1
2
•
•
•
150 mW Stereo Output
PC Power Supply Compatible
– Fully Specified for 3.3 V and 5 V
Operation
– Operation to 2.5 V
Pop Reduction Circuitry
Internal Mid-Rail Generation
Thermal and Short-Circuit Protection
Surface-Mount Packaging
– PowerPAD™ MSOP
Pin Compatible With LM4881
DGN PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
BYPASS
GND
SHUTDOWN
IN2–
1
8
2
7
3
6
4
5
IN1–
VO1
VDD
VO2
DESCRIPTION
The TPA6110A2 is a stereo audio power amplifier packaged in an 8-pin PowerPAD™ MSOP package capable of
delivering 150 mW of continuous RMS power per channel into 16-Ω loads. Amplifier gain is externally configured
by means of two resistors per input channel and does not require external compensation for settings of 1 to 10.
THD+N when driving a 16-Ω load from 5 V is 0.03% at 1 kHz, and less than 1% across the audio band of 20 Hz
to 20 kHz. For 32-Ω loads, the THD+N is reduced to less than 0.02% at 1 kHz, and is less than 1% across the
audio band of 20 Hz to 20 kHz. For 10-kΩ loads, the THD+N performance is 0.005% at 1 kHz, and less than
0.5% across the audio band of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
325 kΩ
325 kΩ
VDD 6
VDD
Rf
Audio
Input
C(S)
VDD/2
Ri
Ci
8
IN 1−
1
BYPASS
4
IN 2−
−
+
VO1 7
−
+
VO2 5
C(C)
C(B)
Audio
Input
Ri
Ci
3
From Shutdown
Control Circuit
SHUTDOWN
C(C)
Bias
Control
2
Rf
1
2
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas
Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
Copyright © 2000–2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
TPA6110A2
SLOS314B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2011
www.ti.com
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
PACKAGED DEVICE
TA
-40°C to 85°C
(1)
MSOP SYMBOLIZATION
MSOP (1)
TPA6110A2DGN
TI AIZ
The DGN package is available in left-ended tape and reel only (e.g., TPA6110A2DGNR).
PinFunctions
PIN
NAME
NO.
I/O
DESCRIPTION
BYPASS
1
I
Tap to voltage divider for internal mid-supply bias supply. Connect to a 0.1 µF to 1 µF low ESR capacitor
for best performance.
GND
2
I
GND is the ground connection.
IN1–
8
I
IN1– is the inverting input for channel 1.
IN2–
4
I
IN2– is the inverting input for channel 2.
SHUTDOWN
3
I
Puts the device in a low quiescent current mode when held high.
VDD
6
I
VDD is the supply voltage terminal.
VO1
7
O
VO1 is the audio output for channel 1.
VO2
5
O
VO2 is the audio output for channel 2.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
UNIT
VDD
Supply voltage
VI
Input voltage
6V
–0.3 V to VDD + 0.3 V
Continuous total power dissipation
Internally limited
TJ
Operating junction temperature range
-40°C to 150°C
Tstg
Storage temperature range
-65°C to 150°C
(1)
Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating
conditions” is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
(1)
PACKAGE
TA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING
DERATING FACTOR
ABOVE TA = 25°C
TA = 70°C
POWER RATING
TA = 85°C
POWER RATING
DGN
2.14 W (1)
17.1 mW/°C
1.37 W
1.11 W
See the Texas Instruments document, PowerPAD Thermally Enhanced Package Application Report (SLMA002), for more information on
the PowerPAD™ package. The thermal data was measured on a PCB layout based on the information in the section entitled Texas
Instruments Recommended Board for PowerPAD on page 33 of the before mentioned document.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
VDD
Supply voltage
TA
Operating free-air temperature
VIH
High-level input voltage (SHUTDOWN)
VIL
Low-level input voltage (SHUTDOWN)
2
MIN
MAX
2.5
5.5
V
-40
85
°C
60% x VDD
V
25% x VDD
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UNIT
V
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DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
at TA = 25°C, VDD = 2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP MAX
VOO
Output offset voltage
Av = 2 V/V
PSRR
Power supply rejection ratio
VDD = 3.2 V to 3.4 V
83
IDD
Supply current
SHUTDOWN = 0 V
IDD(SD)
Supply current in shutdown mode
SHUTDOWN = VDD
UNIT
15
mV
1.5
3
mA
1
10
µA
dB
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 16 Ω
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP MAX
UNIT
PO
Output power (each channel)
THD≤ 0.1%, f = 1 kHz
60
mW
THD+N
Total harmonic distortion + noise
PO = 40 mW, 20 - 20 kHz
0.4%
BOM
Maximum output power BW
G = 10, THD < 5%
> 20
Phase margin
Open loop
96°
Supply ripple rejection ratio
f = 1 kHz
71
dB
Channel/channel output separation
f = 1 kHz, PO = 40 mW
89
dB
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
PO = 50 mW, AV = 1
Vn
Noise output voltage
AV = 1
kHz
100
dB
11
µV(rms)
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
at TA = 25°C, VDD = 5.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP MAX
VOO
Output offset voltage
AV = 2 V/V
PSRR
Power supply rejection ratio
VDD = 4.9 V to 5.1 V
76
IDD
Supply current
SHUTDOWN = 0 V
IDD(SD)
Supply current in shutdown mode
SHUTDOWN = VDD
| IIH |
High-level input current (SHUTDOWN)
| IIL |
Low-level input current (SHUTDOWN)
Zi
Input impedance
UNIT
15
mV
1.5
3
mA
1
10
µA
VDD = 5.5 V, VI = VDD
1
µA
VDD = 5.5 V, VI = 0 V
1
dB
µA
>1
MΩ
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 16 Ω
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP MAX
UNIT
150
mW
PO
Output power (each channel)
THD≤ 0.1%, f = 1 kHz
THD+N
Total harmonic distortion + noise
PO = 100 mW, 20 - 20 kHz
0.6%
BOM
Maximum output power BW
G = 10, THD < 5%
> 20
Phase margin
Open loop
96°
Supply ripple rejection ratio
f = 1 kHz
61
dB
90
dB
kHz
Channel/Channel output separation
f = 1 kHz, PO = 100 mW
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
PO = 100 mW, AV = 1
100
dB
Vn
Noise output voltage
AV = 1
11.7
µV(rms)
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 32 Ω
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
PO
Output power (each channel)
THD≤ 0.1%, f = 1 kHz
MIN
TYP MAX
THD+N
Total harmonic distortion + noise
PO = 30 mW, 20 - 20 kHz
0.4%
BOM
Maximum output power BW
AV = 10, THD < 2%
> 20
40
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UNIT
mW
kHz
3
TPA6110A2
SLOS314B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2011
www.ti.com
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
VDD = 3.3 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 32 Ω
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP MAX
UNIT
Phase margin
Open loop
96°
Supply ripple rejection ratio
f = 1 kHz
71
dB
Channel/channel output separation
f = 1 kHz
95
dB
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
PO = 40 mW, AV = 1
100
dB
Vn
Noise output voltage
AV = 1
11
µV(rms)
AC OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
VDD = 5 V, TA = 25°C, RL = 32 Ω
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP MAX
PO
Output power (each channel)
THD≤ 0.1%, f = 1 kHz
THD+N
Total harmonic distortion + noise
PO = 60 mW, 20 - 20 kHz
0.4%
BOM
Maximum output power BW
AV = 10, THD < 2%
> 20
Phase margin
Open loop
97°
Supply ripple rejection ratio
f = 1 kHz
61
dB
Channel/channel output separation
f = 1 kHz
98
dB
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
PO = 90 mW, AV = 1
100
dB
Vn
Noise output voltage
AV = 1
11.7
µV(rms)
90
UNIT
mW
kHz
Spacer
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
THD+N
Total harmonic distortion plus noise
vs Frequency
vs Output power
1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13
2, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14
Supply ripple rejection ratio
vs Frequency
15, 16
Output noise voltage
vs Frequency
17, 18
Crosstalk
vs Frequency
19–24
Shutdown attenuation
vs Frequency
25, 26
Open-loop gain and phase margin
vs Frequency
27, 28
Output power
vs Load resistance
29, 30
IDD
Supply current
vs Supply voltage
31
SNR
Signal-to-noise ratio
vs Voltage gain
32
Power dissipation/amplifier
vs Load power
33, 34
Vn
4
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TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
OUTPUT POWER
10
1
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 25 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
10
0.1
0.01
0.001
20
100
1k
1
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
20 kHz
0.1
1 kHz
0.01
0.001
10
10k 20k
50
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
OUTPUT POWER
10
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
1
AV = −5 V/V
AV = −1 V/V
AV = −10 V/V
0.1
0.05
0.01
0.001
20
100
100
PO − Output Power − mW
f − Frequency − Hz
10
20 Hz
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k 20k
1
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
20 Hz
20 kHz
0.1
1 kHz
0.01
0.001
10
100
500
PO − Output Power − mW
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
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TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
1
10
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
10
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 100 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 10 kΩ,
AV = −1 V/V
0.1
0.01
0.001
20
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
0.1
AV = −10 V/V
0.01
100
10k 20k
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
OUTPUT POWER
10
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
0.01
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k 20k
1
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
20 Hz
20 kHz
0.1
1 kHz
0.01
0.001
10
100
500
PO − Output Power − mW
Figure 7.
6
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
Figure 6.
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
AV = −1 V/V
Figure 5.
0.1
0.001
20
AV = −5 V/V
0.001
20
10k 20k
10
1
1
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 100 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 10 kΩ
Figure 8.
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TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
OUTPUT POWER
1
10
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 150 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 Ω
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
10
AV = −5 V/V
AV = −1 V/V
0.1
0.01
0.001
20
AV = −10 V/V
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
0.01
20 Hz
100
PO − Output Power − mW
Figure 10.
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
OUTPUT POWER
500
10
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
20 kHz
Figure 9.
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 40 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
0.1
0.01
0.001
20
1 kHz
0.1
0.001
10
10k 20k
10
1
1
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k 20k
1
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL =16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
20 Hz
20 kHz
1 kHz
0.1
0.01
0.001
10
Figure 11.
100
PO − Output Power − mW
500
Figure 12.
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TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
FREQUENCY
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION + NOISE
vs
OUTPUT POWER
10
1
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
THD+N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − %
10
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 100 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 16 Ω
AV = −5 V/V
AV = −1 V/V
0.1
0.01
0.001
20
AV = −10 V/V
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k
1 kHz
0.1
0.01
500
100
PO − Output Power − mW
Figure 13.
Figure 14.
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO
vs
FREQUENCY
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO
vs
FREQUENCY
−10
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
0.47 µF
−20
1 µF
−30
−40
−50
−60
−70
−80
Bypass = 1.65 V
−90
−100
−110
K SVR − Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio − dB
0
0.1 µF
−120
0.1 µF
−10
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
0.47 µF
−20
1 µF
−30
−40
−50
−60
−70
−80
Bypass = 2.5 V
−90
−100
−110
−120
20
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k 20k
20
Figure 15.
8
20 Hz
20 kHz
0.001
10
20k
0
K SVR − Supply Ripple Rejection Ratio − dB
1
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V,
CB = 1 µF
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k
20k
Figure 16.
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OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs
FREQUENCY
OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs
FREQUENCY
100
VDD = 3.3 V,
BW = 10 Hz to 22 kHz
RL = 16 Ω
AV = −10 V/V
AV = −1 V/V
10
V n − Output Noise Voltage − µ V(RMS)
V n − Output Noise Voltage − µ V(RMS)
100
20
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10
VDD = 5 V,
BW = 10 Hz to 22 kHz
RL = 16 Ω
20
10k 20k
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
Figure 17.
Figure 18.
CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
0
10k 20k
0
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 25 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−10
−20
−30
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 40 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−10
−20
−30
−40
Crosstalk − dB
Crosstalk − dB
AV = −1 V/V
1
1
−50
−60
−70
−80
−40
−50
−60
−70
−80
IN2− to VO1
−90
IN2− to VO1
−90
−100
−100
−110
−120
AV = −10 V/V
20
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
IN1− to VO2
−110
IN1− to VO2
10k 20k
−120
20
Figure 19.
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k 20k
Figure 20.
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CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
0
0
VDD = 3.3 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−10
−20
−20
−30
−40
Crosstalk − dB
Crosstalk − dB
−30
−50
−60
−70
IN2− to VO1
−80
−60
−70
IN2− to VO1
−100
IN1− to VO2
−110
IN1− to VO2
−110
20
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
−120
10k 20k
20
100
Figure 22.
CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
CROSSTALK
vs
FREQUENCY
10k 20k
0
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 100 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 16 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−10
−20
−30
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 150 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 8 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−10
−20
−30
Crosstalk − dB
−40
−50
−60
−70
−80
−40
−50
−60
−70
IN2− to VO1
−80
IN2− to VO1
−90
−90
−100
−100
IN1− to VO2
−110
20
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
IN1− to VO2
−110
10k 20k
−120
20
Figure 23.
10
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
Figure 21.
0
Crosstalk − dB
−50
−90
−100
−120
−40
−80
−90
−120
VDD = 5 V,
PO = 60 mW,
CB = 1 µF,
RL = 32 Ω,
AV = −1 V/V
−10
100
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
10k 20k
Figure 24.
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SHUTDOWN ATTENUATION
vs
FREQUENCY
SHUTDOWN ATTENUATION
vs
FREQUENCY
0
0
−10
−20
Shutdown Attenuation − dB
Shutdown Attenuation − dB
−20
−30
−40
−50
−60
−70
−30
−40
−50
−60
−70
−80
−80
−90
−90
−100
10
100
−100
10
10 k 20 k
1k
VDD = 5 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
CB = 1 µF
100
Figure 26.
OPEN-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE MARGIN
vs
FREQUENCY
OPEN-LOOP GAIN AND PHASE MARGIN
vs
FREQUENCY
180
VDD = 3.3 V
RL = 10 kΩ
100
180
120
150
100
Gain
120
Phase
90
30
Gain
0
40
−30
20
−60
−90
0
Open-Loop Gain − dB
60
60
VDD = 5 V
RL = 10 kΩ
90
60
60
30
Phase
0
40
−30
20
−60
−90
0
−120
−20
−150
10 k
100 k
1M
−180
10 M
150
120
80
Φ m − Phase Margin − Deg
80
−40
1k
10 k 20 k
Figure 25.
120
Open-Loop Gain − dB
1k
f − Frequency − Hz
f − Frequency − Hz
Φm − Phase Margin − Deg
−10
VDD = 3.3 V,
RL = 16 Ω,
CB = 1 µF
−120
−20
−150
−40
1k
10 k
100 k
1M
−180
10 M
f − Frequency − Hz
f − Frequency − Hz
Figure 27.
Figure 28.
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OUTPUT POWER
vs
LOAD RESISTANCE
OUTPUT POWER
vs
LOAD RESISTANCE
100
250
VDD = 3.3 V,
THD+N = 1%,
AV = −1 V/V
VDD = 5 V,
THD+N = 1%,
AV = −1 V/V
200
P − Output Power − mW
O
P − Output Power − mW
O
75
50
25
0
150
100
50
0
8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 45 52 56 60 64
8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64
RL − Load Resistance − Ω
RL − Load Resistance − Ω
Figure 29.
Figure 30.
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO
vs
VOLTAGE GAIN
120
2.5
SNR − Signal-to-Noise Ratio − dB
VDD = 5 V
I DD − Supply Current − mA
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
0.5
1
1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
VDD − Supply Voltage − V
4.5
5
5.5
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
AV − Voltage Gain − V/V
Figure 31.
12
2
Figure 32.
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POWER DISSIPATION/AMPLIFIER
vs
LOAD POWER
POWER DISSIPATION/AMPLIFIER
vs
LOAD POWER
80
180
VDD = 3.3 V
Power Dissipation/Amplifier − mW
Power Dissipation/Amplifier − mW
VDD = 5 V
8Ω
70
60
50
40
16 Ω
30
32 Ω
20
140
120
100
16 Ω
80
60
32 Ω
40
64 Ω
10
64 Ω
20
0
8Ω
160
0
0
20
40
60
80 100 120 140 160 180
200
0
20
Load Power − mW
40
60
80 100 120 140 160 180
200
Load Power − mW
Figure 33.
Figure 34.
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13
TPA6110A2
SLOS314B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2011
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APPLICATION INFORMATION
GAIN SETTING RESISTORS, Rf and Ri
INPUT CAPACITOR, Ci
The gain for the TPA6110A2 is set by resistors Rf
and Ri according to Equation 1.
In the typical application, an input capacitor, Ci, is
required to allow the amplifier to bias the input signal
to the proper dc level for optimum operation. In this
case, Ci and Ri form a high-pass filter with the corner
frequency determined in Equation 4.
Gain + *
ǒǓ
Rf
Ri
(1)
Given that the TPA6110A2 is a MOS amplifier, the
input impedance is very high. Consequently input
leakage currents are not generally a concern.
However, noise in the circuit increases as the value
of Rf increases. In addition, a certain range of Rf
values is required for proper start-up operation of the
amplifier.
Considering
these
factors,
it
is
recommended that the effective impedance seen by
the inverting node of the amplifier be set between 5
kΩ and 20 kΩ. The effective impedance is calculated
using Equation 2.
Effective Impedance +
R fR i
Rf ) Ri
(2)
For example, if the input resistance is 20 kΩ and the
feedback resistor is 20 kΩ, the gain of the amplifier is
-1, and the effective impedance at the inverting
terminal is 10 kΩ, a value within the recommended
range.
For high performance applications, metal-film
resistors are recommended because they tend to
have lower noise levels than carbon resistors. For
values of Rf above 50 kΩ, the amplifier tends to
become unstable due to a pole formed from Rf and
the inherent input capacitance of the MOS input
structure. For this reason, a small compensation
capacitor of approximately 5 pF should be placed in
parallel with Rf. This, in effect, creates a low-pass
filter network with the cutoff frequency defined by
Equation 3.
f c(lowpass) +
1
2p R f CF
(3)
For example, if Rf is 100 kΩ and CF is 5 pF then
fc(lowpass) is 318 kHz, which is well outside the audio
range.
14
f c(highpass) +
1
2p R i Ci
(4)
The value of Ci directly affects the bass (low
frequency) performance of the circuit. Consider the
example where Ri is 20 kΩ and the specification calls
for a flat bass response down to 20 Hz. Equation 4 is
reconfigured as Equation 5.
Ci +
1
2p R i f c(highpass)
(5)
In this example, Ci is 0.40 µF, so one would likely
choose a value in the range of 0.47 µF to 1 µF. A
further consideration for this capacitor is the leakage
path from the input source through the input network
formed by Ri, Ci, and the feedback resistor (Rf) to the
load. This leakage current creates a dc offset voltage
at the input to the amplifier that reduces useful
headroom, especially in high-gain applications (gain
>10). For this reason a low-leakage tantalum or
ceramic capacitor is the best choice. When polarized
capacitors are used, connect the positive side of the
capacitor to the amplifier input in most applications.
The dc level there is held at VDD/2—likely higher than
the source dc level. It is important to confirm the
capacitor polarity in the application.
POWER SUPPLY DECOUPLING, C(S)
The TPA6110A2 is a high-performance CMOS audio
amplifier that requires adequate power-supply
decoupling to minimize the output total harmonic
distortion (THD). Power-supply decoupling also
prevents oscillations when long lead lengths are used
between the amplifier and the speaker. The optimum
decoupling is achieved by using two capacitors of
different types that target different types of noise on
the power supply leads. For higher frequency
transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good
low equivalent-series-resistance (ESR) ceramic
capacitor, typically 0.1 µF, placed as close as
possible to the device VDD lead, works best. For
filtering lower-frequency noise signals, a larger
aluminum electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater
placed near the power amplifier is recommended.
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MIDRAIL BYPASS CAPACITOR, C(B)
The midrail bypass capacitor, C(B), serves several
important functions. During start up, C(B) determines
the rate at which the amplifier starts up. This helps to
push the start-up pop noise into the subaudible range
(so low it can not be heard). The second function is to
reduce noise produced by the power supply caused
by coupling into the output drive signal. This noise is
from the midrail generation circuit internal to the
amplifier. The capacitor is fed from a 230-kΩ source
inside the amplifier. To keep the start-up pop as low
as possible, maintain the relationship shown in
Equation 6.
1
ǒC(B)
Ǔ
230 kΩ
v
1
ǒC i R iǓ
OUTPUT COUPLING CAPACITOR, C(C)
In a typical single-supply, single-ended (SE)
configuration, an output coupling capacitor (C(C)) is
required to block the dc bias at the output of the
amplifier, thus preventing dc currents in the load. As
with the input coupling capacitor, the output coupling
capacitor and impedance of the load form a
high-pass filter governed by Equation 7.
1
2p R L C(C)
RL
C(C)
(7)
The main disadvantage, from a performance
standpoint, is that the typically-small load impedance
drives the low-frequency corner higher. Large values
of C(C) are required to pass low frequencies into the
load. Consider the example where a C(C) of 68 µF is
chosen and loads vary from 32 Ω to 47 kΩ. Table 1
summarizes the frequency response characteristics
of each configuration.
LOWEST FREQUENCY
32 Ω
68 µF
73 Hz
10,000 Ω
68 µF
0.23 Hz
47,000 Ω
68 µF
0.05 Hz
As Table 1 indicates, headphone response is
adequate, and drive into line level inputs (a home
stereo for example) is very good.
The output coupling capacitor required in
single-supply SE mode also places additional
constraints on the selection of other components in
the amplifier circuit. With the rules described earlier
still valid, add the following relationship:
(6)
Consider an example circuit where C(B) is 1 µF, Ci is
1 µF, and Ri is 20 kΩ. Subsitituting these values into
the equation 9 results in: 6.25 ≤ 50 which satisfies the
rule. Bypass capacitor, C(B), values of 0.1 µF to 1 µF
ceramic or tantalum low-ESR capacitors are
recommended for the best THD and noise
performance.
fc +
Table 1. Common Load Impedances vs LowFrequency Output Characteristics in SE Mode
1
ǒC(B)
Ǔ
230 kΩ
v
1
ǒC i R iǓ
Ơ
1
RLC (C)
(8)
USING LOW-ESR CAPACITORS
Low-ESR capacitors are recommended throughout
this application. A real capacitor can be modeled
simply as a resistor in series with an ideal capacitor.
The voltage drop across this resistor minimizes the
beneficial effects of the capacitor in the circuit. The
lower the equivalent value of this resistance, the
more the real capacitor behaves like an ideal
capacitor.
5-V VERSUS 3.3-V OPERATION
The TPA6110A2 was designed for operation over a
supply range of 2.5 V to 5.5 V. This data sheet
provides full specifications for 5-V and 3.3-V
operation, since these are considered to be the two
most common supply voltages. There are no special
considerations for 3.3-V versus 5-V operation as far
as supply bypassing, gain setting, or stability. The
most important consideration is that of output power.
Each amplifier in theTPA6110A2 can produce a
maximum voltage swing of VDD – 1 V. This means,
for 3.3-V operation, clipping starts to occur when
VO(PP) = 2.3 V as opposed when VO(PP) = 4 V while
operating at 5 V. The reduced voltage swing
subsequently reduces maximum output power into
the load before distortion becomes significant.
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TPA6110A2
SLOS314B – DECEMBER 2000 – REVISED MARCH 2011
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REVISION HISTORY
Changes from Original (December 2000) to Revision A
Page
•
Change the DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS table From TA = 25°C, VDD = 3.3 V To: TA = 25°C, VDD = 2.5 V,
updated values ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
•
Change the DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS table From TA = 25°C, VDD = 5 V To: TA = 25°C, VDD = 5.5 V,
updated values ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
•
Changed Figure 8, From: RL = 8kΩ To: RL = 8Ω .................................................................................................................. 6
•
Changed Figure 24, From: frequency limit at 1M To: frequency limit at 20K ..................................................................... 10
•
Changed Figure 25, From: frequency limit at 1M To: frequency limit at 20K ..................................................................... 11
Changes from Revision A (September 2004) to Revision B
Page
•
Changed the DC Electrical Characteristice (VDD = 2.5V) for IDD(SD) From: Typ = 10 Max = 50 To: Typ = 1 Max = 10 ........ 3
•
Changed the DC Electrical Characteristice (VDD = 5.5V) for IDD(SD) From: Typ = 60 Max = 100 To: Typ = 1 Max = 10 ...... 3
16
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
13-Jul-2022
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
(2)
Lead finish/
Ball material
MSL Peak Temp
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(3)
Samples
(4/5)
(6)
TPA6110A2DGN
ACTIVE
HVSSOP
DGN
8
80
RoHS & Green NIPDAU | NIPDAUAG
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
AIZ
Samples
TPA6110A2DGNG4
ACTIVE
HVSSOP
DGN
8
80
RoHS & Green
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
AIZ
Samples
TPA6110A2DGNR
ACTIVE
HVSSOP
DGN
8
2500
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
AIZ
Samples
NIPDAU
RoHS & Green NIPDAU | NIPDAUAG
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance
do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may
reference these types of products as "Pb-Free".
RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption.
Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of