TPS54228EVM-686

www.ti.com Table of Contents User’s Guide TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide ABSTRACT This user's guide contains information for the TPS54228 as well as support documentation for the TPS54228EVM-686 evaluation module. Included are the performance specifications, schematic, and the bill of materials of the TPS54228EVM-686. Table of Contents 1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................................2 2 Performance Specification Summary................................................................................................................................... 2 3 Modifications...........................................................................................................................................................................2 3.1 Output Voltage Setpoint..................................................................................................................................................... 2 3.2 Output Filter and Closed-Loop Response..........................................................................................................................3 4 Test Setup and Results.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.1 Input/Output Connections.................................................................................................................................................. 3 4.2 Start-Up Procedure............................................................................................................................................................ 3 4.3 Efficiency............................................................................................................................................................................5 4.4 Load Regulation................................................................................................................................................................. 6 4.5 Line Regulation.................................................................................................................................................................. 7 4.6 Load Transient Response.................................................................................................................................................. 7 4.7 Output Voltage Ripple........................................................................................................................................................ 8 4.8 Input Voltage Ripple........................................................................................................................................................... 9 4.9 Start-Up............................................................................................................................................................................10 5 Board Layout......................................................................................................................................................................... 11 5.1 Layout...............................................................................................................................................................................11 6 Schematic, Bill of Materials, and Reference...................................................................................................................... 14 6.1 Schematic........................................................................................................................................................................ 14 6.2 Bill of Materials.................................................................................................................................................................14 6.3 Reference.........................................................................................................................................................................14 7 Revision History................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Trademarks D-CAP2™ are trademarks of Texas Instruments. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 1 Introduction www.ti.com 1 Introduction The TPS54228 is a single, adaptive on-time, D-CAP2™-mode, synchronous buck converter requiring a low, external component count. The D-CAP2™ control circuit is optimized for low-ESR output capacitors such as POSCAP, SP-CAP, or ceramic types and features fast transient response with no external compensation. The switching frequency is internally set at a nominal 700 kHz. The high-side and low-side switching MOSFETs are incorporated inside the TPS54228 package along with the gate drive circuitry. The low drain-to-source on resistance of the MOSFETs allows the TPS54228 to achieve high efficiencies and helps keep the junction temperature low at high-output currents. The TPS54228 also features auto-skip Eco-mode operation for improved light-load efficiency. The TPS54228 dc/dc synchronous converter is designed to provide up to a 2-A output from an input voltage source of 4.5 V to 18 V. The output voltage range is from 0.76 V to 7.0 V. Rated input voltage and output current range for the evaluation module are given in Table 1-1. The TPS54228EVM-686 evaluation module is a single, synchronous buck converter providing 1.05 V at 2 A from 4.5-V to 18-V input. This user’s guide describes the TPS54228EVM-686 performance. Table 1-1. Input Voltage and Output Current Summary EVM Input Voltage Range Output Current Range TPS54228EVM-686 VIN = 4.5 V to 18 V 0 A to 2 A 2 Performance Specification Summary A summary of the TPS54228EVM-686 performance specifications is provided in Table 2-1. Specifications are given for an input voltage of VIN = 12 V and an output voltage of 1.05 V, unless otherwise noted. The ambient temperature is 25°C for all measurement, unless otherwise noted. Table 2-1. TPS54228EVM-686 Performance Specifications Summary Specifications Test Conditions Input voltage range (VIN) Min Typ Max 4.5 12 18 Output voltage Operating frequency VIN = 12 V, IO = 1 A Output current range Unit V 1.05 V 700 kHz 0 2 A Line regulation IO = 1 A +/- 0.22 % Load regulation VIN = 12 V +0.85/0.02 % Over current limit VIN = 12 V, LO = 1.5 µH Output ripple voltage VIN = 12 V, IO = 3 A 15 Maximum efficiency VIN = 5 V, IO= 0.3 A 85.1 2.5 3.3 4.7 A mVPP % 3 Modifications These evaluation modules are designed to provide access to the features of the TPS54228. Some modifications can be made to this module. 3.1 Output Voltage Setpoint To change the output voltage of the EVMs, it is necessary to change the value of resistor R1. Changing the value of R1 can change the output voltage above 0.765 V. The value of R1 for a specific output voltage can be calculated using Equation 1. For output voltage from 0.76 V to 7.0 V: æ R1 ö VO = 0.765 ´ ç 1+ ÷ è R2 ø (1) Table 3-1 lists the R1 values for some common output voltages. For higher output voltages of 1.8 V or above, a feedforward capacitor (C4) may be required to improve phase margin. Pads for this component (C4) are 2 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Modifications provided on the printed-circuit board. Note that the resistor values given in Table 3-1 are standard values and not the exact value calculated using Equation 1. Table 3-1. Output Voltages L1 (µH) C9. C10, C11 Total Capacitance (µF) 22.1 1.5 - 2.2 22 - 68 8.25 22.1 1.5 - 2.2 22 - 68 12.7 22.1 2.2 22 - 68 1.5 21.5 22.1 2.2 22 - 68 1.8 30.1 22.1 5 - 22 3.3 22 - 68 2.5 49.9 22.1 5 - 22 3.3 22 - 68 3.3 73.2 22.1 5 - 22 3.3 22 - 68 5.0 124 22.1 5 - 22 4.7 22 - 68 6.5 165 22.1 5 - 22 4.7 22 - 68 Output Voltage (V) R1 (kΩ) R2 (kΩ) 1.0 6.81 1.05 1.2 C4 (pF) 3.2 Output Filter and Closed-Loop Response The TPS54228 relies on the output filter characteristics to ensure stability of the control loop. The recommended output filter components for common output voltages are given in Table 3-1. It may be possible for other output filter component values to provide acceptable closed-loop characteristics. R3 and TP4 are provided for convenience in breaking the control loop and measuring the closed-loop response. 4 Test Setup and Results This section describes how to properly connect, set up, and use the TPS54228EVM-686. The section also includes test results typical for the evaluation modules and efficiency, output load regulation, output line regulation, load transient response, output voltage ripple, input voltage ripple, start-up, and switching frequency. 4.1 Input/Output Connections The TPS54228EVM-686 is provided with input/output connectors and test points as shown in Table 4-1. A power supply capable of supplying 2 A must be connected to J1 through a pair of 20 AWG wires. The load must be connected to J2 through a pair of 20 AWG wires. The maximum load current capability is 2 A. Wire lengths must be minimized to reduce losses in the wires. Test point TP1 provides a place to monitor the input voltages (VIN) with TP2 providing a convenient ground reference. TP8 is used to monitor the output voltage with TP9 as the ground reference. Table 4-1. Connection and Test Points Reference Designator Function J1 VIN (see Table 1-1 for VIN range) J2 VOUT, 1.05 V at 3 A maximum. JP1 EN control. Connect EN to OFF to disable, connect EN to ON to enable. TP1 VIN test point at VIN connector. TP2 GND test point at VIN. TP3 EN test point. TP4 Loop response measurement test point. TP5 VREG5 test point. TP6 Switch node test point. TP7 Analog ground test point. TP8 Output voltage test point. TP9 Ground test point at output connector. 4.2 Start-Up Procedure 1. Ensure that the jumper at JP1 (Enable control) is set from EN to OFF. SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 3 Test Setup and Results www.ti.com 2. Apply appropriate VIN voltage to VIN and PGND terminals at J1. 3. Move the jumper at JP1 (Enable control) to cover EN and ON. The EVM enables the output voltage. 4 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Test Setup and Results 4.3 Efficiency Figure 4-1 shows the efficiency for the TPS54228EVM-686 at an ambient temperature of 25°C. 100 VIN = 5 V 90 80 Efficiecny - % 70 VIN = 12 V 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Output Current - A Figure 4-1. TPS54228EVM-686 Efficiency Figure 4-2 shows the efficiency at light loads for the TPS54228EVM-686 at an ambient temperature of 25°C. 100 90 VIN = 5 V 80 Efficiecny - % 70 60 50 VIN = 12 V 40 30 20 10 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Output Cur r e nt - A Figure 4-2. TPS54228EVM-686 Light-Load Efficiency SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 5 Test Setup and Results www.ti.com 4.4 Load Regulation The load regulation for the TPS54228EVM-686 is shown in Figure 4-3 and Figure 4-4 . 1 Output Voltage Deviation - % 0.8 0.6 0.4 VIN = 5 V 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Output Curre nt - A Figure 4-3. TPS54228EVM-686 Load Regulation, VIN = 5 V 1 0.8 Output Voltage Deviation - % 0.6 0.4 VIN = 12 V 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Output Cur r e nt - A Figure 4-4. TPS54228EVM-686 Load Regulation, VIN = 12 V 6 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Test Setup and Results 4.5 Line Regulation The line regulation for the TPS54228EVM-686 is shown in Figure 4-5. 0.5 Output Voltage Deviation - % 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 IOUT = 1 A -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 4.5 6 7.5 9 10.5 12 13.5 15 16.5 18 Input Volta ge - V Figure 4-5. TPS54228EVM-686 Line Regulation 4.6 Load Transient Response The TPS54228EVM-686 response to load transient is shown in Figure 4-6. The current step is from 0.5 A to 1.5 A. Total peak-to-peak voltage variation is as shown. VOUT = 50 mV / div (dc coupled, -950 mV offset) IOUT = 1 A / div (0.5 A to 1.5 A load step) Slew rate = 100 mA / µsec Time = 50 µsec / div Figure 4-6. TPS54228EVM-686 Load Transient Response SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 7 Test Setup and Results www.ti.com 4.7 Output Voltage Ripple The TPS54228EVM-686 output voltage ripple is shown in Figure 4-7. The output current is the rated full load of 2 A. VOUT = 50 mV / div (dc coupled, -950 mV offset) SW = 5 V / div Time = 1 µsec / div Figure 4-7. TPS54228EVM-686 Output Voltage Ripple The TPS54228EVM-686 output voltage ripple during the start of Eco-mode operation is shown in Figure 4-8 . The output current is 30 mA. VOUT = 50 mV / div (dc coupled, -950 mV offset) SW = 5 V / div Time = 1 µsec / div Figure 4-8. TPS54228EVM-686 Start of Eco-mode Output Voltage Ripple The TPS54228EVM-686 output voltage ripple during Eco-mode operation is shown in Figure 4-9. The output current is 0 mA. 8 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Test Setup and Results VOUT = 50 mV / div (dc coupled, -950 mV offset) SW = 5 V / div Time = 2 msec / div Figure 4-9. TPS54228EVM-686 Eco-mode Output Voltage Ripple 4.8 Input Voltage Ripple The TPS54228EVM-686 input voltage ripple is shown in Figure 4-10. The output current is the rated full load of 2 A. VIN = 50 mV / div (ac coupled) SW = 5 V / div Time = 1 µsec / div Figure 4-10. TPS54228EVM-686 Input Voltage Ripple SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 9 Test Setup and Results www.ti.com 4.9 Start-Up The TPS54228EVM-686 start-up waveform relative to VIN is shown in Figure 4-11. VIN = 10 V / div SS = 5 V / div VOUT = 500 mV / div Time = 2 msec / div Figure 4-11. TPS54228EVM-686 Start-Up Relative to VIN The TPS54228EVM-686 start-up waveform relative to enable (EN) is shown in Figure 4-12. EN = 10 V / div SS = 5 V / div VOUT = 500 mV / div Time = 2 msec / div Figure 4-12. TPS54228EVM-686 Start-Up Relative to EN 10 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Board Layout 5 Board Layout This section provides description of the TPS54228EVM-686, board layout, and layer illustrations. 5.1 Layout The board layout for the TPS54228EVM-686 is shown in Figure 5-1 through Figure 5-4. The top layer contains the main power traces for VIN, VO, and ground. Also on the top layer are connections for the pins of the TPS54228 and a large area filled with ground. Many of the signal traces also are located on the top side. The input decoupling capacitors are located as close to the IC as possible. The input and output connectors, test points, and all of the components are located on the top side. An analog ground (GND) area is provided on the top side. Analog ground (GND) and power ground (PGND) are connected at a single point on the top layer near C6. The bottom layer is primarily power ground but also has a trace to connect VIN to the enable jumper, a trace to connect VREG5 to TP5, and the feedback trace from VOUT to the voltage setpoint divider network. Figure 5-1. Top Assembly SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 11 Board Layout www.ti.com Figure 5-2. Top Layer Figure 5-3. Bottom Layer 12 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Board Layout Figure 5-4. Bottom Assembly SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 13 Schematic, Bill of Materials, and Reference www.ti.com 6 Schematic, Bill of Materials, and Reference 6.1 Schematic Figure 6-1 is the schematic for the TPS54228EVM-686. Figure 6-1. TPS54228EVM-686 Schematic Diagram 6.2 Bill of Materials Table 6-1. Bill of Materials RefDes Qty Value Description Size Part Number MFR C1, C2 2 10uF Capacitor, Ceramic, 25V, X5R, 20% 1210 Std Std C11 0 Open Capacitor, Ceramic 1206 Std Std C3, C7 2 0.1uF Capacitor, Ceramic, 50V, X7R, 10% 0603 Std Std C4, C8 1 Open Capacitor, Ceramic 0603 Std Std C5 1 1.0uF Capacitor, Ceramic, 16V, X7R, 10% 0603 Std Std C6 1 3300pF Capacitor, Ceramic, 25V, X7R , 10% 0603 Std Std C9, C10 2 22uF Capacitor, Ceramic, 6.3V, X5R, 20% 1206 C3216X5R0J226M TDK J1, J2 2 ED555/2DS Terminal Block, 2-pin, 6-A, 3.5mm 0.27 x 0.25 inch ED555/2DS Sullins JP1 1 PEC03SAAN Header, Male 3-pin, 100mil spacing 0.100 inch x 3 PEC03SAAN Sullins L1 1 1.5uH Inductor, SMT, 11 A, 9.7 mΩ 0.256 x 0.280 inch SPM6530T-1R5M100 TDK R1 1 8.25k Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R2 1 22.1k Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R3 1 0 Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R4 1 10.0k Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std R5 0 Open Resistor, Chip, 1/16W, 1% 0603 Std Std TP1, TP3, TP4, TP5, TP6, TP8 3 5000 Test Point, Red, Thru Hole Color Keyed 0.100 x 0.100 inch 5000 Keystone TP2, TP7, TP9 3 5001 Test Point, Black, Thru Hole Color Keyed 0.100 x 0.100 inch 5001 Keystone U1 1 TPS54228DDA IC, 2-A Output Single Sync. Step-Down SO8[DDA] TPS54228DDA TI 0.100 929950-00 3M HPA686 Any – 1 Shunt, 100-mil, Black – 1 PCB, 2.76 In x 1.97 In x 0.062 In 6.3 Reference Texas Instruments, TPS54228, 4.5V to 18V Input, 2-A Synchronous Step-Down SWIFT™ Converter With Ecomode Data Sheet 14 TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback www.ti.com Revision History 7 Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision * (May 2011) to Revision A (October 2021) Page • Updated the numbering format for tables, figures, and cross-references throughout the document. ................2 • Updated the user's guide title............................................................................................................................. 2 SLVU452A – MAY 2011 – REVISED OCTOBER 2021 Submit Document Feedback TPS54228 Step-Down Converter Evaluation Module User's Guide Copyright © 2022 Texas Instruments Incorporated 15 IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER TI PROVIDES TECHNICAL AND RELIABILITY DATA (INCLUDING DATA SHEETS), DESIGN RESOURCES (INCLUDING REFERENCE DESIGNS), APPLICATION OR OTHER DESIGN ADVICE, WEB TOOLS, SAFETY INFORMATION, AND OTHER RESOURCES “AS IS” AND WITH ALL FAULTS, AND DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. 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