CS4222-KS

CS4222 20-Bit Stereo Audio Codec with Volume Control Features 99 dB Dynamic Range 110 dB DAC Signal-to-Noise Ratio (EIAJ) Analog Volume Control - 0.5 dB Step Resolution - 113.5 dB Attenuation Description The CS4222 is a highly integrated, high performance, 20-bit, audio codec providing stereo analog-to-digital and stereo digital-to-analog converters using delta-sigma conversion techniques. The device operates from a single +5 V power supply, and features low power consumption. A selectable de-emphasis filter for 32, 44.1, and 48 kHz sample rates is also included. The CS4222 also includes an analog volume control capable of 113.5 dB attenuation in 0.5 dB resolution. The analog volume control architecture preserves dynamic range during attenuation. Volume control changes are implemented using a "soft" ramping or zero crossing technique. Applications include reverb processors, musical instruments, DAT, and multitrack recorders. The CS4222 is packaged in a 28-pin plastic SSOP. ORDERING INFORMATION CS4222-KS -10° to +70° C 28-pin SSOP CS4222-BS -40° to +85° C 28-pin SSOP CS4222-DS -40° to +85° C 28-pin SSOP CDB4222 Evaluation Board Soft Mute Capability Differential Inputs/Outputs On-chip Anti-aliasing and Output Smoothing Filters De-emphasis for 32, 44.1 and 48 kHz Stand-Alone or Control Port Mode Single +5 V power supply I SCL/CCLK SDA/CDIN AD0/CS SMUTE MCLK VD VA RST DEM1 DEM0 Control Port Digital Filters with De-Emphasis Analog Low Pass and Output Stage LRCK SCLK SDIN SDOUT Serial Audio Data Interface Left DAC Right DAC Left ADC Right ADC Volume Control Volume Control AOUTL+ AOUTLAOUTR+ AOUTRAINLAINL+ AINRAINR+ Digital Filters DGND AGND http://www.cirrus.com Copyright Cirrus Logic, Inc. 2002 (All Rights Reserved) © DEC ‘02 DS236F1 1 CS4222 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PIN DESCRIPTION ...............................................................................4 2. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS .................................... 6 SPECIFIED OPERATING CONDITIONS ................................................................................. 6 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ........................................................................................... 6 ANALOG INPUT CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................................... 7 ANALOG OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................ 8 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS - SERIAL AUDIO INTERFACE............................................. 9 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS - CONTROL PORT INTERFACE (SPI) .............................. 10 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS - CONTROL PORT INTERFACE (I2C) .............................. 11 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS................................................................................. 12 DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS ................................................................................... 12 DIGITAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................. 12 3. TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM ................................................. 13 4. APPLICATIONS .................................................................................. 14 4.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 14 4.2 Analog Inputs ................................................................................................................... 14 4.2.1 Line Level Inputs ................................................................................................. 14 4.2.2 Input Level Monitoring ......................................................................................... 16 4.2.3 High Pass Filter ................................................................................................... 16 4.3 Analog Outputs ................................................................................................................ 16 4.3.1 Line Level Outputs .............................................................................................. 16 4.3.2 Analog/Digital Volume Control (Control Port Mode only) .................................... 18 4.3.3 Soft Mute/Mute on Zero Input Data ..................................................................... 18 4.4 Master Clock Generation ................................................................................................. 19 4.4.1 MCLK Timing Constraint ..................................................................................... 19 4.5 Serial Audio Data Interface .............................................................................................. 19 4.5.1 Serial Audio Interface Signals ............................................................................. 19 4.5.2 Serial Audio Interface Formats ............................................................................ 19 Contacting Cirrus Logic Support For all product questions and inquiries contact a Cirrus Logic Sales Representative. To find one nearest you go to http://www.cirrus.com/corporate/contacts/sales.cfm IMPORTANT NOTICE "Preliminary" product information describes products that are in production, but for which full characterization data is not yet available. "Advance" product information describes products that are in development and subject to development changes. Cirrus Logic, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Cirrus") believe that the information contained in this document is accurate and reliable. However, the information is subject to change without notice and is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind (express or implied). Customers are advised to obtain the latest version of relevant information to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment, including those pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability. 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Purchase of I2C components of Cirrus Logic, Inc., or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies conveys a license under the Phillips I2C Patent Rights to use those components in a standard I2C system. Cirrus Logic, Cirrus, and the Cirrus Logic logo designs are trademarks of Cirrus Logic, Inc. All other brand and product names in this document may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners. 2 DS236F1 CS4222 4.6 Control Port Interface ...................................................................................................... 21 4.6.1 SPI Mode ............................................................................................................ 21 4.6.2 I2C Mode ............................................................................................................. 22 4.6.3 Control Port Bit Definitions .................................................................................. 22 4.7 De-Emphasis ................................................................................................................... 22 4.8 Power-up / Reset / Power Down / Calibration ................................................................. 23 4.9 Power Supply, Layout and Grounding ............................................................................. 23 4.10 ADC and DAC Filter Response Plots ............................................................................ 24 5. REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS .............................................................. 25 5. Memory Address Pointer (MAP) ......................................................................................... 25 5. Reserved Byte (0)............................................................................................................... 25 5. ADC Control Byte (1) .......................................................................................................... 25 5. DAC Control Byte (2) .......................................................................................................... 26 5. Output Attenuator Data Byte (3, 4) ..................................................................................... 26 5. DSP Port Mode Byte (5) ..................................................................................................... 27 5. Converter Status Report Byte (Read Only) (6) ................................................................... 27 6. PARAMETER DEFINITIONS .............................................................. 28 7. PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ................................................................... 29 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Serial Audio Interface Timing........................................................................................... 9 Figure 2. Control Port Timing - SPI Mode ..................................................................................... 10 Figure 3. Control Port Timing - I2C Mode ..................................................................................... 11 Figure 4. CS4222 Recommended Connection Diagram............................................................... 13 Figure 5. Optional Line Input Buffer .............................................................................................. 15 Figure 6. Full Scale Input/Output Voltage ..................................................................................... 15 Figure 7. 2- and 3-Pole Butterworth Filters ................................................................................... 17 Figure 8. Hybrid Analog/Digital Attenuation .................................................................................. 18 Figure 9. Audio DSP Data Input Formats...................................................................................... 20 Figure 10. Audio DSP Data Output Formats................................................................................. 20 Figure 11. Control Port Timing, SPI mode .................................................................................... 21 Figure 12. Control Port Timing, I2C mode ..................................................................................... 22 Figure 13. De-emphasis Curve. .................................................................................................... 22 Figure 14. ADC Filter Response ................................................................................................... 24 Figure 15. ADC Passband Ripplee ............................................................................................... 24 Figure 16. ADC Transition Band ................................................................................................... 24 Figure 17. DAC Filter Response ................................................................................................... 24 Figure 18. DAC Passband Ripple ................................................................................................. 24 Figure 19. DAC Transition Band ................................................................................................... 24 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Control Port vs. Stand-Alone Mode ....................................................................................... 14 Table 2. High Pass Filter Characteristics ............................................................................................ 16 Table 3. Common Clock Frequencies ................................................................................................. 19 Table 4. De-Emphasis filter control ..................................................................................................... 22 DS236F1 3 CS4222 1. PIN DESCRIPTION NC SMUTE MCLK LRCK SCLK VD DGND SDOUT SDIN SCL/CCLK SDA/CDIN AD0/CS DEM0 NC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 NC RST AOUTLAOUTL+ AOUTR+ AOUTRAGND VA AINL+ AINLDEM1 AINR+ AINRNC 4 DS236F1 CS4222 Pin Name NC SMUTE # Pin Description 1,14, No Connect - These pins are not connected internally and should be tied to DGND to minimize noise 15, 28 coupling. 2 Soft Mute (Input) - Activates a muting function for both the left and right channel D/A converter outputs. Soft muting is achieved by ramping down the volume in 0.5 dB steps until achieving mute if SOFT bit (DAC Control Byte #2) is set to 0 (default). Left/Right Clock (Input) - Determines which channel is currently being input/output of the serial audio data pins SDIN/SDOUT. The frequency of the Left/Right clock must be equal to the input sample rate. Although the outputs for each ADC channel are transmitted at different times, Left/Right pairs represent simultaneously sampled analog inputs. Serial Data Clock (Input) - Clocks the individual bits of the serial data into the SDIN pin and out of the SDOUT pin. Digital Power (Input) - Positive power supply for the digital section. Nominally 5.0 VDC. Digital Ground (Input) - Digital ground for the digital section. Serial Data Output (Output) - Two's complement MSB-first serial data is output on this pin. Serial Data Input (Input) - Two's complement MSB-first serial data is input on this pin. Serial Control Port Clock (Input) - Serial clock for the control port interface. This pin should be tied to DGND in stand-alone mode. Serial Control Port Data (Input/Output) - SDA is a data I/O line in I2C mode and requires an external pull-up resistor according to the I2C specification. CDIN in the input data line for the serial control port in SPI mode. This pin should be tied to DGND in stand-alone mode. LRCK 4 SCLK VD DGND SDOUT SDIN SCL/CCLK SDA/CDIN 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 AD0/CS 12 Address Bit/Control Chip Select (Input) - In I2C mode, AD0 is a chip address bit. In SPI mode, CS is used to enable the control port interface on the CS4222. The CS4222 will enter SPI mode if a negative transition is ever seen on this pin after power up. This pin should be tied to DGND in stand-alone mode. De-emphasis Control (Input) - Selects the standard 15µs/50µs digital de-emphasis filter response for 32, 44.1 and 48 kHz sample rate. DEM0 DEM1 AINR-, AINR+ AINL-, AINL+ VA AGND AOUTR-, AOUTR+ AOUTL-, AOUTL+ RST 13 18 16,17 Differential Right Channel Analog Input (Input) - Analog input connections of the right channel differential inputs. Typically 2 Vrms differential (1 Vrms for each input pin) for a fullscale analog input signal. 19,20 Differential Left Channel Analog Input (Input) - Analog input connections of the left channel differential inputs. Typically 2 Vrms differential (1 Vrms for each input pin) for a fullscale analog input signal. 21 22 Analog Power (Input) - Positive power supply for the analog section. Typically 5.0 VDC. Analog Ground (Input) - Analog ground reference. 23, 24 Differential Right Channel Analog Outputs (Output) - The full scale analog output level (differential) is specified in the Analog Characteristics specification table. 25, 26 Differential Left Channel Analog Outputs (Output) - The full scale analog output level (differential) is specified in the Analog Characteristics specification table. 27 Reset (Input) - When low, the device enters a low power mode and all internal registers are reset, including the control port. When high, the control port becomes operational and normal operation will occur. DS236F1 5 CS4222 2. CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS. (All Min/Max characteristics and specifications are guaranteed over the Specified Operating Conditions. Typical performance characteristics and specifications are derived from measurements taken at nominal supply voltages and TA = 25°C.) SPECIFIED OPERATING CONDITIONS (AGND = DGND = 0 V; all voltages with respect to 0 V.) Parameters Analog Supply Voltage Digital Supply Voltage Ambient Operating Temperature (Power Applied) -KS -BS/-DS Symbol VA VD TA Min 4.75 4.75 -10 -40 Nom 5.0 5.0 Max 5.25 5.25 +70 +85 Units V V °C °C ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(AGND = 0 V; all voltages with respect to AGND. Operation beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.) Parameters DC Power Supply Input Current Analog Input Voltage Digital Input Voltage Ambient Operating Temperature (power applied) Storage Temperature Note: 1. Any pin except supplies. TA Tstg Analog Digital (Note 1) Symbol VA VD Iin Min -0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.7 -55 -65 Max 6.0 6.0 ±10 VA+0.7 VD+0.7 125 150 Units V V mA V V °C °C 6 DS236F1 CS4222 ANALOG INPUT CHARACTERISTICS (Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): Input test signal is a 997 Hz sine wave; measurement bandwidth is 10 Hz to 20 kHz; VD = VA, Fs=48kHz) CS4222-KS Parameter Dynamic Range A-weighted unweighted (Note 2) CS4222-BS/-DS Max -86 2.18 Min 95 92 1.82 Typ 99 96 -90 -76 -36 90 0 20 0.1 ±100 2.0 10 15 2.3 Max -86 2.18 Unit dB dB dB dB dB dB mVRMS mVRMS dB ppm/°C VRMS kΩ pF V Min 95 92 1.82 - Typ 99 96 -90 -76 -36 90 0 20 0.1 ±100 2.0 10 15 2.3 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise -1 dB -20 dB -60 dB Interchannel Isolation DC Accuracy Offset Error (HPF Enabled) (HPF Disabled) (1 kHz) Interchannel Gain Mismatch Gain Drift Analog Input Full Scale Differential Input Voltage Input Resistance Input Capacitance Common Mode Input Voltage ADC Digital Decimation Filter Characteristics (Note 3) Parameter Passband Passband Ripple StopBand StopBand Attenuation Group Delay Group Delay Variation HPF Characteristics Frequency Response Phase Deviation Passband Ripple Notes: 2. Referenced to typical fullscale differential input voltage. 3. The filter characteristics have been normalized to the sample rate (Fs) and can be referenced to the desired sample rate by multiplying the given characteristic by Fs. 4. The analog modulator samples the input at 6.144 MHz for an Fs equal to 48 kHz. There is no rejection of input signals which are multiples of the sampling frequency (n x 6.144 MHz +/- 21.8 kHz; n = 0, 1, ...). -3 dB -0.1 dB @ 20 Hz 3.7 20 10 0 Hz Hz Degree dB (Note 4) Min to -0.01 dB corner 0 -0.01 0.625 80 - Typ 15/Fs - Max 0.4535 +0.01 0 Unit Fs dB Fs dB s s DS236F1 7 CS4222 ANALOG OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (Test conditions (unless otherwise specified): Input test signal is a 997 Hz sine wave; measurement bandwidth is 10 Hz to 20 kHz; test load RL = 10 kΩ, CL = 10 pF; VD = VA, Fs=48kHz) CS4222-KS Parameter Dynamic Range Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise A-weighted unweighted 0 dB -20 dB -60 dB Min 93 90 0.35 110 1.9 10 Typ 99 96 -88 -76 -36 110 90 0.5 113.5 ±10 0.1 ±100 2.0 2.3 Max -84 0.65 2.1 100 93 90 0.35 110 1.9 10 CS4222-BS/-DS Min Typ 99 96 -88 -76 -36 110 90 0.5 113.5 ±10 0.1 ±100 2.0 2.3 Max -84 0.65 2.1 100 Unit dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB mV dB ppm/°C VRMS V kΩ pF Idle Channel Noise / Signal-to-noise ratio (Note 5) Interchannel Isolation Attenuation Step Size Programmable Output Attenuation Span DC Accuracy Differential Offset Voltage Interchannel Gain Mismatch Gain Drift Analog Output Full Scale Output Voltage Common Mode Output Voltage AC-Load resistance Load Capacitance (1 kHz) DAC Combined Interpolation & On-Chip Analog Filter Response (Note 6) Parameter Passband Passband Ripple Frequency Response 10 Hz to 20 kHz StopBand StopBand Attenuation Group Delay Deviation from Linear Phase Notes: 5. DAC muted, A-weighted 6. The filter characteristics have been normalized to the sample rate (Fs) and can be referenced to the desired sample rate by multiplying the given characteristic by Fs. 7. Measurement bandwidth is 10 Hz to 3 Fs (Note 7) Min to 0.01 dB corner 0 -0.01 -0.1 0.5465 70 - Typ 16/Fs ±0.5 Max 0.4535 +0.01 +0.1 - Unit Fs dB dB Fs dB s Degree 8 DS236F1 CS4222 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS - SERIAL AUDIO INTERFACE Parameters RST Low Time MCLK Frequency MCLK Pulse Width High MCLK = 512 Fs MCLK = 384 Fs MCLK = 256 Fs MCLK = 512 Fs MCLK = 384 Fs MCLK = 256 Fs Fs Symbol Min 10 1.014 10 21 31 10 21 31 4 tsckh tsckl (DSCK = 0) (DSCK = 0) (DSCK = 0) (DSCK = 0) (DSCK = 0) tlrckd tlrcks tds tdh tdpd 40 40 20 40 25 25 Max 25.6 50 128xFs 1 --------------------- + 20 (384) Fs Units ms MHz ns MCLK Pulse Width Low ns Input Sample Rate SCLK Frequency SCLK Pulse Width Low SCLK Pulse Width High SCLK rising to LRCK edge delay SCLK rising to LRCK edge setup time SDIN valid to SCLK rising setup time SCLK rising to SDIN hold time SCLK falling to SDOUT valid kHz Hz ns ns ns ns ns ns s LRCK t lrckd t lrcks t sckh t sckl SCLK* t sckw SDIN t lrpd SDOUT t ds t dh MSB t dpd MSB-1 *SCLK shown for DSCK = 0, SCLK inverted for DSCK = 1. Figure 1. Serial Audio Interface Timing DS236F1 9 CS4222 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS - CONTROL PORT INTERFACE (SPI) Logic 0 = DGND, Logic 1 = VD) Parameter SPI Mode CCLK Clock Frequency RST Rising Edge to CS Falling CCLK Edge to CS Falling CS High Time Between Transmissions CS Falling to CCLK Edge CCLK Low Time CCLK High Time CDIN to CCLK Rising Setup Time CCLK Rising to DATA Hold Time Rise Time of CCLK and CDIN Fall Time of CCLK and CDIN (Note 9) (Note 10) (Note 10) (Note 8) (Inputs: Unit MHz ns ns µs ns ns ns ns ns ns ns Symbol fsck tsrs tspi tcsh tcss tscl tsch tdsu tdh tr2 tf2 Min 500 500 1.0 20 66 66 40 15 - Max 6 100 100 Notes: 8. tspi only needed before first falling edge of CS after RST rising edge. tspi = 0 at all other times. 9. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the transition time of CCLK. 10. For fsclk < 1 MHz. RST t srs CS t sp i t css C C LK t r2 C D IN t scl t sch t csh t f2 t dsu t dh Figure 2. Control Port Timing - SPI Mode 10 DS236F1 CS4222 SWITCHING SPECIFICATIONS - CONTROL PORT INTERFACE (I2C) (Continued) Parameter I2C Mode fscl tirs tbuf thdst tlow thigh tsust (Note 11) Symbol Min 500 4.7 4.0 4.7 4.0 4.7 0 250 4.7 Max 100 1 300 - Unit kHz ns µs µs µs µs µs µs ns µs ns µs SCL Clock Frequency RST Rising Edge to Start Bus Free Time Between Transmissions Start Condition Hold Time (prior to first clock pulse) Clock Low time Clock High Time Setup Time for Repeated Start Condition SDA Hold Time from SCL Falling SDA Setup time to SCL Rising Rise Time of SCL and SDA Fall Time SCL and SDA Setup Time for Stop Condition thdd tsud tr tf tsusp Notes: 11. Data must be held for sufficient time to bridge the transition time, tfc, of SCL. RST t S to p irs S t a rt R e p e a te d S t a rt t rd t fd S to p SDA t b uf t h dst t high t h d st t fc t susp SCL t t t su d t a ck t su st t rc lo w hd d Figure 3. Control Port Timing - I2C Mode DS236F1 11 CS4222 DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameters Power-down Mode (Note 12) Power Supply Current Normal Operation (Note 13) Power Supply Current Power Supply Rejection Ratio VA = 5.0 V VD = 5.0 V 1 kHz, 10 mVRMS IA ID PSRR 30 20 50 40 26 mA mA dB All Supplies = 5.0 V 200 µA (AGND = DGND = 0 V; all voltages with respect to 0 V.) Symbol Min Typ Max Units Notes: 12. Power Down Mode is defined as RST = LO with all clocks and data lines held static. 13. Normal operation is defined as RST = HI with a 997 Hz, 0dBFS digital input and a 1 kHz, -1 dB analog input sampled at Fs = 48 kHz, and open outputs, unless otherwise specified. DIGITAL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Parameters Input Leakage Current Output Leakage Current MCLK Jitter Tolerance Symbol Min Typ 500 Max 10 10 Units µA µA psRMS DIGITAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS Parameters High-Level Output Voltage (IOH = -2.0 mA) Low-Level Output Voltage (IOL = 2.0 mA) High-Level Input Voltage Low-Level Input Voltage (AGND = DGND = 0 V; all voltages with respect to 0 V.) Symbol VOH VOL VIH VIL Min VD - 1.0 2.8 -0.3 Max 0.4 VD + 0.3 1.0 Units V V V V 12 DS236F1 CS4222 3. TYPICAL CONNECTION DIAGRAM F e r r it e B e a d + 5 .0 V S u p p ly + 1 µF 0 .1 µ F 2Ω 0 .1 µ F + 1 µF 21 150Ω 20 2 .2 n F 150Ω 19 150Ω A IN LVA A IN L + 6 VD AOUTL+ AO UTL25 26 A n a lo g F ilt e r 17 A IN R + AOUTR+ AOUTR- 24 23 A n a lo g F ilt e r 2 .2 n F 150Ω 16 A IN R DEM 1 DEM 0 10 11 12 27 2 1 14 15 N o t e : P in s 1 0 , 1 1 a n d 1 2 s h o u ld b e t ie d t o D G N D in s t a n d - a lo n e m o d e . 28 S C L /C C L K S D A /C D IN A D 0 /C S RST SM UTE NC NC NC SDOUT NC AGND 22 DGND 7 Rs1 = 50 Ω Rs = 50 0 Ω C S 4 22 2 18 13 D ig it a l A u d io S o u rce M ic r o c o n t r o ll e r M CLK SCLK LR C K S D IN 3 5 4 9 8 R s1 Rs Rs Rs Rs A u d io DSP Figure 4. CS4222 Recommended Connection Diagram DS236F1 13 CS4222 4. APPLICATIONS 4.1 Overview The CS4222 has 2 channels of 20-bit analog-to-digital conversion and 2 channels of 20-bit digital-to-analog conversion. All ADCs and DACs are delta-sigma converters. The DAC outputs on the CS4222 have adjustable output attenuation implemented in 0.5 dB step resolution. The device also includes digital de-emphasis for 32, 44.1, and 48 kHz. Digital audio data for the DACs and from the ADCs is communicated over separate serial ports. This allows concurrent writing to and reading from the device. The CS4222 is a stand-alone device controlled via pins. Control for the functions available on the CS4222 are communicated over a serial microcontroller interface. Figure 4 shows the recommended connection diagram for the CS4222. The device can be operated with or without the control port interface. Additional functions are available when the control port interface is used as outlined in Table 1. Table 1. Control Port vs. Stand-Alone Mode Control Port Volume control Adjustable Mute ramp rate Enable zero crossing detect Enable/Disable mute on zero input De-emphasis Mute DAC outputs ADC Input Peak Level Detect 16, 18, 20 bit Interface Individual ADC/DAC power down Cal on command High pass enable/disable Fixed Mute ramp rate Disabled Enabled De-emphasis Mute DAC outputs 20 bit I2S Interface Codec power down Cal on power-up High pass enabled Stand-Alone Mode 4.2 Analog Inputs 4.2.1 Line Level Inputs AINR-, AINR+, AINL-, and AINL+ are the differential line level input pins (see Figure 4). Figure 5 shows an AC coupled optional input buffer which combines level shifting with single-ended to differential conversion. Analog inputs must be DC coupled into the CS4222 with a 2.3 V common mode input voltage. Any DC offset at the input to the CS4222 will be removed by the internal high-pass filters (see Figure 6 for the differential input signal description). The ADC outputs in the CS4222 may be muted (set to zero) by writing the ADMR and ADML bits, and can be independently powered down using the PDAD bit. ADMR, ADML, and PDAD are all located in the ADC control byte (#1). 14 DS236F1 CS4222 Figure 5. Optional Line Input Buffer CS4222 (2.3 + 1.4)V AIN+/AOUT+ 2.3V (2.3 - 1.4)V (2.3 + 1.4)V AIN +/AOUT- 2.3V (2.3 - 1.4)V Full Scale Input level = (AIN+) - (AIN-)= 5.66 Vpp Full Scale O utput level = (AOUT+) - (AOUT-)= 5.66 Vpp Figure 6. Full Scale Input/Output Voltage DS236F1 15 CS4222 4.2.2 Input Level Monitoring The CS4222 includes independent Peak Input Level Monitoring for each channel. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) continually monitors the peak digital signal for both channels, prior to the digital limiter, and records these values in the LVL2-0 (left channel) and LVR2-0 (right channel) bits in the Converter Status Report Byte (#6). These bits indicate whether the input level is clipping, -1 to -6 dB from full scale in 1 dB resolution, or below -6 dB from full scale. The LVL/LVR bits are "sticky" bits and are reset to zero when the DSP Port Mode Byte (#5) is read. 4.2.3 High Pass Filter The operational amplifiers in the input circuitry driving the CS4222 may generate a small DC offset into the A/D converter. The CS4222 includes a high pass filter after the decimator to remove any DC offset which could result in recording a DC level, possibly yielding "clicks" when switching between devices in a multichannel system. The characteristics of this first-order high pass filter are outlined below for Fs equal to 48 kHz. The filter response scales linearly with sample rate. The high pass filter in the CS4222 may be defeated independently for the left and right channels by writing HPDR and HPDL in the ADC control byte (#1). Table 2. High Pass Filter Characteristics Frequency Response Phase Deviation Passband Ripple -3 dB @ 3.7 Hz -0.1 dB @ 20 Hz 10 degrees @ 20 Hz None 4.3 Analog Outputs 4.3.1 Line Level Outputs The CS4222 contains an on-chip buffer amplifier producing differential outputs capable of driving 10 kΩ loads. Each output (AOUTL+, AOUTL-, AOUTR+, AOUTR-) will produce a nominal 2.83 Vpp (1 Vrms) output with a 2.3 volt common mode for a full scale digital input. This is equivalent to a 5.66 Vpp (2 Vrms) differential signal as shown in Figure 6. The recommended off-chip analog filter is either a 2nd order Butterworth or a 3rd order Butterworth, if greater out-of-band noise filtering is desired. The CS4222 DAC interpolation filter has been pre-compensated for an external 2nd order Butterworth filter with a 3 dB corner at Fs, or a 3rd order Butterworth filter with a 3 dB corner at 0.75 Fs to provide a flat frequency response and linear phase over the passband (see Figure 7 for Fs = 48 kHz). If the recommended filter is not used, small frequency response magnitude and phase errors will occur. In addition to providing out-of-band noise attenuation, the output filters shown in Figure 7 provide differential to single-ended conversion. 16 DS236F1 CS4222 Figure 7. 2- and 3-Pole Butterworth Filters DS236F1 17 CS4222 4.3.2 Analog/Digital Volume Control (Control Port Mode only) The DAC outputs are each routed through an attenuator which is adjustable in 0.5 dB steps. Output attenuation is available through the Output Attenuator Data Bytes (#3 & #4). Level changes are implemented with an analog volume control until the residual output noise is equal to the noise floor in the mute state at which point volume changes are performed digitally. This technique is superior to purely digital volume control techniques as the noise is attenuated by the same amount as the signal, thus preserving dynamic range (see Figure 8). The CS4222 implements a "soft" volume control whereby level changes are achieved by ramping from the current level to the new level in 0.5 dB steps. The default rate of volume change is 8 LRCK cycles for each 0.5 dB step (equivalent to 647 µs at Fs = 48 kHz). The rate of volume change is adjustable to 4, 16, or 32 LRCK cycles with the RMP1/0 bits in the DAC control byte (#2). "Soft" volume control may be disabled through the SOFT bit in the DAC bit Control Byte (#2). When "soft" volume control is defeated, level changes step from the current level to the new level in a single step. The volume change takes effect on a zero crossing to minimize audible artifacts. If there is no zero crossing, then the requested level change will occur after a time-out period between 512 and 1024 sample periods (10.7 ms to 21.3 ms at 48 kHz sample rate). There is a separate zero crossing detector for each channel. ACCR and ACCL bits in the Converter Status Report Byte (#6) give feedback when a volume control change has taken effect for the right and left channel. This bit goes high when a new setting is loaded and returns low when it has taken effect. 0 Amplitude (dB) Analog Digital Signal Noise 0 Attenuation (dB) -113.5 Figure 8. Hybrid Analog/Digital Attenuation 4.3.3 Soft Mute/Mute on Zero Input Data Muting is achieved by hardware or software control. Soft mute can be achieved by lowering the SMUTE pin at which point the output level will ramp down in 0.5 dB steps to a muted state. Upon returning the SMUTE pin high, the output will ramp up to the volume control setting in the Output Attenuator Data Bytes (#3 & #4). “Soft” mute may be disabled through the SOFT bit in the DAC Control Byte (#2). When “soft” mute is defeated, muting occurs on zero crossings or after a time-out period, similar to the volume control changes. Under software control, each output can be independently muted via mute control bits, MUTR and MUTL, in the DAC Control Byte (#2). Soft mute or zero crossing mute will be implemented depending on the state of the SOFT bit in the DAC Control Byte (#2). Muting on consecutive zero input data is also provided where all DAC outputs will mute if they receive between 512 and 1024 consecutive zeros (or -1 code). Detection and muting is done independently for left and right channels. A single non-zero value will immediately unmute the DAC output. This feature is disabled on power-up, and it may be enabled with the MUTC bit in the DAC Control Byte (#2). 18 DS236F1 CS4222 4.4 Master Clock Generation The Master Clock, MCLK, is used to operate the digital filters and the delta-sigma modulator. MCLK must be either 256x, 384x, or 512x the desired Input Sample Rate, Fs. Fs is the frequency at which digital audio samples for each channel are input to the DAC or output from the ADC and is equal to the LRCK frequency. The MCLK to LRCK frequency ratio is detected automatically during the initialization sequence by counting the number of MCLK transitions during a single LRCK period. Internal dividers are then set to generate the proper clocks for the digital filters, delta-sigma modulators and switched-capacitor filter. Table 3 illustrates the standard audio sample rates and the required MCLK frequencies. If MCLK stops for 10 µs, the CS4222 will enter a power down state until the clock returns. The control port registers will maintain their current settings. It is required to have SCLK and LRCK derived from the master clock. Table 3. Common Clock Frequencies Fs (kHz) 32 44.1 48 MCLK (MHz) 256x 8.1920 11.2896 12.2880 384x 12.2880 16.9344 18.4320 512x 16.3840 22.5792 24.5760 4.4.1 MCLK Timing Constraint The rising edge of LRCK must be less than 5 ns or greater than 15 ns after the rising edge of MCLK. This timing constraint can be met by synchronizing the LRCK with either the rising or falling edge of MCLK. 4.5 Serial Audio Data Interface 4.5.1 Serial Audio Interface Signals The serial interface clock, SCLK, is used for transmitting and receiving audio data. The active edge of SCLK is chosen by setting the DSCK bit in the DSP Port Mode Byte (#6). The default on power up is that data is valid on the rising edge for both input and output. SCLK is an input from an external source and at least 20 SCLK's per half period of LRCK are required for proper operation. The Left/Right clock (LRCK) is used to indicate left and right data and the start of a new sample period. The frequency of LRCK must be equal to the system sample rate, Fs. SDIN is the data input pin which drives a pair of DACs. SDOUT is the output data pin from the ADCs. 4.5.2 Serial Audio Interface Formats The serial audio port supports 5 input and 2 output formats, shown in Figures 9 and 10. These interface formats are chosen via the DIF0/DIF1 pins. With the CS4222, these formats are chosen through the DSP Port Mode Byte (#5) with the DDO and DDI2/1/0 bits. The data output format is 20 bits and may be left justified or I2S compatible depending on the state of the DDO bit. The input data format is set with the DDI bits to be left or right justified or I2S compatible. In addition, the polarity of the SCLK edge used to clock in/out data from the CS4222 may be set via the DSCK bit in the DSP Port Mode Byte (#5). The default input and output format for the CS4222 is I2S compatible. DS236F1 19 CS4222 FO R MAT 0: (Stand-Alone and Conntrol Port Mode) LRCK SCLK SDIN MSB Left Rig ht LSB MS B LSB FO R MAT 1: ( Conntrol Port M ode only) LRCK SCLK SDIN MSB Left Rig ht LSB MSB LSB MSB FO R M AT 2, 3, 4: Form at 2: M = 20 Form at 3: M = 18 Format 4: M = 16 ( Conntrol Port Mode only) LRCK SCLK SDIN LSB Left Right MS B M SC LK s LSB MS B M SCLK s LS B Note: SCLK shown for DS CK = 0. SCLK inverted for DSCK = 1. Figure 9. Audio DSP Data Input Formats. FO R MAT 0: (Stand-Alone and Conntrol Port Mode) LRCK SCLK SDOUT MSB Left Right LSB MS B LSB FO R MAT 1: ( Conntrol Port Mode only) LRCK SCLK SDOUT MSB Left Right LSB MSB LSB MSB Note: SCLK shown for DSCK = 0. SCLK inverted for DSCK = 1. Figure 10. Audio DSP Data Output Formats. 20 DS236F1 CS4222 4.6 Control Port Interface The control port is used to load all the internal settings. The operation of the control port may be completely asynchronous with the audio sample rate. However, to avoid potential interference problems, the control port pins should remain static if no operation is required. The control port has 2 modes: SPI and I2C , with the CS4222 operating as a slave device. If I2C operation is desired, AD0/CS should be tied to VD or DGND. If the CS4222 ever detects a negative transition on AD0/CS after power-up, SPI mode will be selected. 4.6.1 SPI Mode In SPI mode, CS is the CS4222 chip select signal, CCLK is the control port bit clock, CDIN is the input data line from the microcontroller and the chip address is 0010000. All signals are inputs and data is clocked in on the rising edge of CCLK. Figure 11 shows the operation of the control port in SPI mode. To write to a register, bring CS low. The first 7 bits on CDIN form the chip address, and must be 0010000. The eighth bit is a read/write indicator (R/W ), which must be low to write. Register reading from the CS4222 is not supported in the SPI mode. The next 8 bits form the Memory Address Pointer (MAP), which is set to the address of the register that is to be updated. The next 8 bits are the data which will be placed into a register designated by the MAP. The CS4222 has a MAP auto increment capability, enabled by the INCR bit in the MAP register. If INCR is a zero, then the MAP will stay constant for successive writes. If INCR is set to a 1, then MAP will auto increment after each byte is written, allowing block writes of successive registers. Register reading from the CS4222 is not supported in the SPI mode. CS CCLK CHIP ADDRESS CDIN 0010000 R/W MAP MSB byte 1 MAP = Memory Address Pointer Figure 11. Control Port Timing, SPI mode DS236F1 ® ® DATA LSB 00000000 00000000 00000000 byte n 00000000 21 CS4222 4.6.2 I2C Mode In I2C mode, SDA is a bidirectional data line. Data is clocked into and out of the part by the clock, SCL, with the clock-to-data relationship as shown in Figure 12. There is no CS pin. Pin AD0 forms the partial chip address and should be tied to VD or DGND as desired. The upper 6 bits of the 7 bit address field must be 001000. In order to communicate with the CS4222, the LSB of the chip address field (first byte sent to the CS4222) should match the setting of the AD0 pin. The eighth bit of the address byte is the R/W bit (high for a read, low for a write). If the operation is a write, the next byte is the Memory Address Pointer which selects the register to be read or written. If the operation is a read, the contents of the register pointed to by the Memory Address Pointer will be output. Setting the auto increment bit in MAP allows successive reads or writes of consecutive registers. Each byte is separated by an acknowledge bit. SDA SCL Start Stop ADDR AD0 001000 R/W ACK DATA 1-8 ACK DATA 1-8 ACK Figure 12. Control Port Timing, I2C mode 4.6.3 Control Port Bit Definitions All registers can be written and read in I2C mode, except the Converter Status Report Byte (#6) and the CLKE and CALP bits in the ADC control byte (#1) which are read only. SPI mode only allows for register writing (see the following bit definition tables for bit assignment information). 4.7 De-Emphasis The CS4222 is capable of digital de-emphasis for 32, 44.1, or 48 kHz sample rates. Implementation of digital de-emphasis requires reconfiguration of the digital filter to maintain the filter response at multiple sample rates (see Figure 13). De-emphasis control is achieved with the DEM1/0 pins or through the DEM2-0 bits in the DSP Port Mode Byte (#2). The default state on power-up is de-emphasis controlled via the DEM1/0 pins (DEM2-0 bits=0). DEM1/0 pin control is defined in Table 4. Gain dB Table 4. De-Emphasis filter control T1 = 50 µs DEM 1 0 0 1 1 DEM 0 0 1 0 1 De-emphasis 32 kHz 44.1 kHz 48 kHz OFF 0 dB T2 = 15 µs -10 dB F1 F2 Frequency Figure 13. De-emphasis Curve. 22 DS236F1 CS4222 4.8 Power-up / Reset / Power Down / Calibration Upon power up, the user should hold RST = 0 for approximately 10 ms. In this state, the control port is reset to its default settings and the part remains in the power down mode. At the end of RST, the device performs an offset calibration which lasts approximately 50 ms after which the device enters normal operation. A calibration may also be initiated via the CAL bit in the ADC Control Byte (#1). The CALP bit in the ADC Control Byte is a read only bit indicating the status of the calibration. Reset/Power Down is achieved by lowering the RST pin causing the part to enter power down. Once RST goes high, the control port is functional and the desired settings should be loaded. The CS4222 will also enter power down mode if the master clock source stops for approximately 10 µs or if the LRCK is not synchronous to the master clock. The control port will retain its current settings. Additionally, the PDAD (ADC Control Byte #1) and PDDA (DAC Control Byte #2) bits can be used to power down the ADC’s and DAC’s independently. If both are set to 1, the CS4222 will power down the entire chip. The control port will retain its current settings. The CS4222 will mute the analog outputs and enter the power down mode if the supply drops below approximately 4 volts. 4.9 Power Supply, Layout and Grounding As with any high resolution converter, the CS4222 requires careful attention to power supply and grounding arrangements to optimize performance. The Typical Connection Diagram shows the recommended power arrangement with VA, and VD connected to clean supplies. Decoupling capacitors should be located as close to the device package as possible. If desired, all supply pins may be connected to the same supply, but the recommended decoupling capacitors should still be placed on each supply pin. The AGND and DGND pins should be tied together with solid ground plane fill underneath the converter extending out to the GND side of the decoupling caps for VA, and VD. This recommended layout can be seen in the CDB4222 evaluation board and data sheet. DS236F1 23 CS4222 4.10 ADC and DAC Filter Response Plots Figures 14 through 19 show the overall frequency response, passband ripple and transition band for the CS4222 ADCs and DACs. Figure 14. ADC Filter Response Figure 15. ADC Passband Ripplee Figure 16. ADC Transition Band Figure 17. DAC Filter Response Figure 18. DAC Passband Ripple 24 Figure 19. DAC Transition Band DS236F1 CS4222 5. REGISTER DESCRIPTIONS Memory Address Pointer (MAP) B7 INCR B6 0 B5 0 B4 0 B3 0 B2 MAP2 B1 MAP1 B0 MAP0 MAP2-MAP0 INCR Register Pointer Auto Increment Control Bit 0 - No auto increment 1 - Auto increment on This register defaults to 00h. Reserved Byte (0) This byte is reserved for internal use and must be set to 00h for normal operation. This register defaults to 00h. ADC Control Byte (1) B7 PDAD B6 HPDR B5 HPDL B4 ADMR B3 ADML B2 CAL B1 CALP B0 CLKE PDAD Power Down 0 - Normal 1 - Power Down High pass filter defeat, right and left 0 - High pass filters active 1 - High pass filters defeated ADC Muting, right and left 0 - Normal 1 - Output muted Calibration control bit 0 - Normal operation 1 - Rising edge initiates calibration HPDR-HPDL ADMR-ADML CAL The following bits are read only: CALP Calibration status 0 - Calibration done 1 - Calibration in progress Clocking Error 0 - No error 1 - error CLKE This register defaults to 00h. DS236F1 25 CS4222 DAC Control Byte (2) B7 PDDA B6 MUTC B5 MUTR B4 MUTL B3 SOFT B2 0 B1 RMP1 B0 RMP0 PDDA Powers down DAC 0 - Normal. 1 - Power down Controls mute on consecutive zeros function 0 - 512 consecutive zeros will mute DAC 1 - DAC output will not mute on zeros. Mute control bits 0 - Normal output level 1 - Selected DAC output muted Soft Mute Control 0 - Volume control changes, muting and mute-on-zeros occur with "ramp" 1 - Volume control changes, muting and mute-on-zeros occur on zero crossings Soft Volume 0.5 dB step rate 0 - 1 step per 8 LRCK's 1 - 1 step per 4 LRCK's 2 - 1 step per 16 LRCK's 3 - 1 step per 32 LRCK's MUTC MUTR-MUTL SOFT RMP1-0 This register defaults to 00h. Output Attenuator Data Byte (3, 4) B7 ATT7 B6 ATT6 B5 ATT5 B4 ATT4 B3 ATT3 B2 ATT2 B1 ATT1 B0 ATT0 ATT7-ATT0 Sets attenuator level 0 - No attenuation 227 - 113.5 dB attenuation >227 - DAC muted ATT0 represents 0.5 dB of attenuation This register defaults to 00h. 26 DS236F1 CS4222 DSP Port Mode Byte (5) B7 DEM2 B6 DEM1 B5 DEM0 B4 DSCK B3 DDO B2 DDF2 B1 DDF1 B0 DDF0 DEM2-0 Selects de-emphasis control source 0 - De-emphasis controlled by pins 1 - 44.1 kHz de-emphasis setting 2 - 48 kHz de-emphasis setting 3 - 32 kHz de-emphasis setting 4 - De-emphasis disabled 5, 6, 7 - Not used DSCK Sets the polarity of clocking data for both input and output 0 - Data valid on rising edge of SCLK 1 - Data valid on falling edge of SCLK Data output format 0 - I2S compatible 1 - Left justified Data input format 0 - I2S compatible 1 - Left justified 2 - Right justified, 20-bit 3 - Right justified, 18-bit 4 - Right justified, 16-bit 5, 6, 7 - Not used DDO DDI2-DDI0 This register defaults to 00h. Converter Status Report Byte (Read Only) (6) B7 ACCR B6 ACCL B5 LVR2 B4 LVR1 B3 LVR0 B2 LVL2 B1 LVL2 B0 LVL0 ACCR-ACCL Acceptance bit 0 - ATT7-0 has been accepted 1 - New setting waiting for zero crossing Left and Right ADC output level 0 - Normal output levels 1 - -6 dB level 2 - -5 dB level 3 - -4 dB level 4 - -3 dB level 5 - -2 dB level 6 - -1 dB level 7 - Clipping LVL2-0,LVR2-0 LVL2-0 and LVR2-0 bits are 'sticky'. They constantly monitor the ADC output for the peak levels and hold the maximum output. They are reset to 0 when the DSP Port Mode Byte (5) is read. This register is read only. DS236F1 27 CS4222 6. PARAMETER DEFINITIONS Dynamic Range The ratio of the full scale rms value of the signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components over the specified bandwidth. Dynamic range is a signal-to-noise measurement over the specified bandwidth made with a -60 dBFS signal. 60 dB is then added to the resulting measurement to refer the measurement to full scale. This technique ensures that the distortion components are below the noise level and do not affect the measurement. This measurement technique has been accepted by the Audio Engineering Society, AES17-1991, and the Electronic Industries Association of Japan, EIAJ CP-307. Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (THD+N) The ratio of the rms value of the signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components over the specified bandwidth (typically 20 Hz to 20 kHz), including distortion components. Expressed in decibels. ADCs are measured at -1 dBFS as suggested in AES17-1991 Annex A and DACs are measured at 0 dBFS. Idle Channel Noise / Signal-to-Noise-Ratio The ratio of the rms analog output level with 1 kHz full scale digital input to the rms analog output level with all zeros into the digital input. Measured A-weighted over a 10 Hz to 20 kHz bandwidth. Units in decibels. This specification has been standardized by the Audio Engineering Society, AES17-1991, and referred to as Idle Channel Noise. This specification has also been standardized by the Electronic Industries Association of Japan, EIAJ CP-307, and referred to as Signal-to-Noise-Ratio. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) THD is the ratio of the test signal amplitude to the rms sum of all the in-band harmonics of the test signal. Units in decibels. Interchannel Isolation A measure of crosstalk between channels. Measured for each channel at the converter's output with no signal to the input under test and a full-scale signal applied to the other channel. Units in decibels. Frequency Response A measure of the amplitude response variation from 20 Hz to 20 kHz relative to the amplitude response at 1 kHz. Units in decibels. Interchannel Gain Mismatch For the ADCs, the difference in input voltage that generates the full scale code for each channel. For the DACs, the difference in output voltages for each channel with a full scale digital input. Units are in decibels. Gain Error The deviation from the nominal full scale output for a full scale input. Gain Drift The change in gain value with temperature. Units in ppm/°C. Offset Error For the ADCs, the deviation in LSB's of the output from mid-scale with the selected inputs tied to a common potential. For the DAC's, the differential output voltage with mid-scale input code. Units are in volts. 28 DS236F1 CS4222 7. PACKAGE DIMENSIONS 28L SSOP PACKAGE DRAWING N D E11 A2 A1 A E ∝ L e b 2 END VIEW SIDE VIEW 123 SEATING PLANE TOP VIEW INCHES DIM A A1 A2 b D E E1 e L MIN -0.002 0.064 0.009 0.390 0.291 0.197 0.024 0.025 0° MAX 0.084 0.010 0.074 0.015 0.413 0.323 0.220 0.027 0.040 8° ∝ MILLIMETERS MIN MAX -2.13 0.05 0.25 1.62 1.88 0.22 0.38 9.90 10.50 7.40 8.20 5.00 5.60 0.61 0.69 0.63 1.03 0° 8° NOTE 15,16 14 14 Notes: 14. “D” and “E1” are reference datums and do not include mold flash or protrusions, but do include mold mismatch and are measured at the parting line. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed 0.20 mm per side. 15. Dimension “b” does not include dambar protrusion/intrusion. Allowable dambar protrusion shall be 0.13 mm total in excess of “b” dimension at maximum material condition. Dambar intrusion shall not reduce dimension “b” by more than 0.07 mm at least material condition. 16. These dimensions apply to the flat section of the lead between 0.10 and 0.25 mm from lead tips. DS236F1 29