19-0747; Rev 2; 12/08
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
Features
♦ Functionally Compatible Pin-to-Pin Replacement
for the Philips TJA1041A
♦ ±12kV HBM ESD Protection on CANH, CANL
♦ ±80V Fault Protection on CANH, CANL, SPLIT;
Up to +76V Operation on VBAT
♦ Fully Compatible with the ISO11898 Standard
♦ Low VBAT Supply Current in Standby and Sleep
Modes (18µA Typical)
♦ Voltage Level Translation for Interfacing with
+2.8V to +5.5V CAN Protocol Controllers
♦ Recessive Bus Stabilization (SPLIT)
♦ Allows Implementation of Large Networks
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
MAX13041ASD+
Applications
MAX13041ASD/V+
PIN-PACKAGE
-40°C to +125°C
14 SO
-40°C to +125°C
14 SO
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
/V Denotes an automotive qualified part.
+12V Automotive—Clamp 30 Modules
+42V Automotive—Clamp 30 Modules
+24V Mid-Heavy Truck—Clamp 30 Modules
Military and Commercial Aircraft
Typical Operating Circuit
+5V
BAT
+3.3V
VI/O
VCC
10kΩ
VBAT
33kΩ
WAKE
CANH
INH
MAX13041
+3.3V
CAN PROTOCOL
CONTROLLER
60Ω
TXD
RXD
SPLIT
EN
STB
ERR
CSPLIT
60Ω
GND
CANL
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642,
or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
1
MAX13041
General Description
The MAX13041 ±80V fault-protected, high-speed controller area network (CAN) transceiver is ideal for highspeed automotive network applications where high
reliability and advanced power management are
required. The device links a CAN protocol controller to
the physical bus wires of the controller area network
and allows communication at speeds up to 1Mbps.
The extended fault-protected voltage range of ±80V on
CAN bus lines allows for use in +12V or +42V automotive, and higher voltage +24V and +36V mid-heavy truck
applications. Advanced power management features
make the MAX13041 ideal for automotive electronic control unit (ECU) modules that are permanently supplied
by battery, regardless of the ignition switch position
(clamp-30, Type-A modules). The device controls one or
more external voltage regulators to provide a low-power
sleep mode for an entire clamp-30 node. Wake-on CAN
capability allows the MAX13041 to restore power to the
node upon detection of CAN bus activity.
The MAX13041 is functionally compatible with the
Philips TJA1041A and is a pin-to-pin replacement with
improved performance. The MAX13041 is available in a
14-pin SO package, and operates over the -40°C to
+125°C automotive temperature range.
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(All voltages referenced to GND.)
VCC, VI/O...................................................................-0.3V to +6V
VBAT........................................................................-0.3V to +80V
TXD, RXD, STB, EN, ERR .........................................-0.3V to +6V
INH, WAKE................................................-0.3V to (VBAT + 0.3V)
CANH, CANL, SPLIT ................................0V to ±80V continuous
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
14-Pin SO (derate 8.3mW/°C above +70°C).................667mW
Operating Temperature Range .........................-40°C to +125°C
Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C
Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VI/O = +2.8V to VCC, VBAT = +5V to +76V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, RL = 60Ω, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V, VBAT = +12V and TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
VCC Input Voltage
VCC
Operating range
4.75
5.25
V
VI/O Input Voltage
VI/O
Operating range
2.80
5.25
V
VBAT Input Voltage
VBAT
Operating range
5
76
V
VCC Undervoltage Detection
Level for Forced Sleep Mode
VCC(SLEEP)
2.75
3.3
4.50
V
VI/O Undervoltage Detection
Level for Forced Sleep Mode
VI/O(SLEEP)
0.5
1.5
2.0
V
VBAT Voltage Level for Failsafe
Fallback Mode
VBAT(STBY)
2.75
3.3
4.50
V
VBAT Voltage Level for Setting
PWON Flag
VBAT(PWON) VCC = 0V
2.5
3.3
4.1
V
Normal mode, VTXD = 0V (dominant)
55
80
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode,
VTXD = VI/O (recessive)
6
10
VCC Input Current
VI/O Input Current
ICC
II/O
VCC = +5V (fail-safe)
Standby or sleep mode
1.8
8
Normal mode, VTXD = 0V (dominant)
230
700
1
5
0.7
3
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode,
VTXD = VI/O (recessive)
Standby or sleep mode, VTXD = VI/O
2
_______________________________________________________________________________________
mA
µA
µA
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
(VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VI/O = +2.8V to VCC, VBAT = +5V to +76V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, RL = 60Ω, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V, VBAT = +12V and TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
VBAT Input Current
IBAT
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode,
VBAT = +5V to +76V
20
40
Standby mode, VINH = VWAKE = VBAT = +12V
18
28
Sleep mode, VINH = VCC = VI/O = 0V,
VWAKE = VBAT = +12V
18
28
UNITS
µA
TRANSMITTER DATA INPUT (TXD)
0.7 x
VI/O
VI/O +
0.3
V
0.3
VI/O
V
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL
High-Level Input Current
IIH
VTXD = VI/O
-5
0
+5
µA
Low-Level Input Current
IIL
VTXD = 0.3 VI/O
-70
-250
-500
µA
Input Capacitance
CI
5
pF
RECEIVER DATA OUTPUT (RXD)
High-Level Output Current
IOH
VRXD = VI/O - 0.4V, VI/O = VCC
-1
-3
-6
mA
Low-Level Output Current
IOL
VRXD = +0.4V, VTXD = VI/O, bus dominant
2
5
12
mA
VI/O +
0.3
V
0.3
VI/O
V
STANDBY AND ENABLE CONTROL INPUTS (STB AND EN)
0.7 x
VI/O
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL
High-Level Input Current
IIH
VSTB = VEN = 0.7 VI/O
1
4
10
µA
Low-Level Input Current
IIL
VSTB = VEN = 0V
-1
0
+1
µA
-4
-20
-50
µA
0.10
0.2
0.35
mA
-1
-5
-10
µA
ERROR AND POWER-ON INDICATION OUTPUT (ERR)
High-Level Output Current
IOH
VERR = VI/O - 0.4V, VI/O = VCC
Low-Level Output Current
IOL
VERR = +0.4V
High-Level Input Current
IIH
VWAKE = VBAT - 1.9V
Low-Level Input Current
IIL
VWAKE = VBAT - 3.2V
LOCAL WAKE-UP INPUT (WAKE)
Threshold Voltage
VTH
1
5
10
µA
VSTB = 0V
VBAT
- 3.2
VBAT
- 2.5
VBAT
- 1.9
V
0.05
0.2
0.80
V
0
5
µA
INHIBIT OUTPUT (INH)
High-Level Voltage Drop
ΔVH
IINH = -0.18mA
Leakage Current
| IL |
Sleep mode
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3
MAX13041
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VI/O = +2.8V to VCC, VBAT = +5V to +76V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, RL = 60Ω, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V, VBAT = +12V and TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
CANH
3.00
3.7
4.25
CANL
0.50
1.3
1.75
UNITS
BUS LINES (CANH AND CANL)
Dominant Output Voltage
Differential Bus Output Voltage
(VCANH - VCANL)
Recessive Output Voltage
VO(DOM)
VO(DIF)(BUS)
VO(RECES)
VTXD = 0V
VTXD = 0V, 45Ω < RL < 65Ω
1.50
3.0
V
VTXD = VI/O, no load
-50
+50
mV
2.4
3
V
V
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode;
VTXD = VI/O, no load
Standby or sleep mode, no load
Short-Circuit Current
IO(SC)
VTXD = 0V
Detectable Short-Circuit
Resistance Among Bus Lines
VBAT, VCC, and GND
RSC(BUS)
Normal mode
Recessive Output Current
IO(RECES)
Differential Receiver Threshold
Voltage
Differential Receiver Hysteresis
Voltage
Input Leakage Current
VDIF(TH)
V
2
-0.1
0
+0.1
CANH, VCANH = -5V
-45
66
-95
CANL, VCANL = +40V
(Note 3)
45
70
100
mA
0
50
Ω
-40V < VCANH, VCANL < +40V
-3.1
+3.1
mA
-12V < VCANH, VCANL < +12V,
normal or PWON/listen-only mode
0.5
0.7
0.9
V
-12V < VCANH, VCANL < +12V,
standby or sleep mode
0.50
0.76
1.15
V
VHYS(DIF)
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode
-12V < VCANH; VCANL < +12V
60
mV
ILI
VCC = 0V; VCANH = VCANL = +5V
200
280
µA
Common-Mode Input Resistance
RI(CM)
Standby or normal mode (Note 4)
15
25
35
kΩ
Common-Mode Input Resistance
Matching
RI(CM)(M)
VCANH = VCANL
-3
0
+3
%
25
50
75
kΩ
Differential Input Resistance
RI(DIF)
Standby or normal mode
Common-Mode Input
Capacitance
CI(CM)
VTXD = VCC
Differential Input Capacitance
CI(DIF)
ESD Protection
VTXD = VCC
Human Body Model (HBM)
20
pF
10
pF
±12
kV
COMMON-MODE STABILIZATION (SPLIT)
Output Voltage
VO
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode
-500µA < ISPLIT < +500µA
Leakage Current
| IL |
Standby or sleep mode
-40V < VSPLIT < +40V
0.3
VCC
0.5
VCC
0.7
VCC
V
0
5
µA
THERMAL PROTECTION
Thermal Shutdown Threshold
TJ(SD)
165
°C
Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis
TJ(SD)HYST
10
°C
4
_______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
(VCC = +4.75V to +5.25V, VI/O = +2.8V to VCC, VBAT = +5V to +76V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, RL = 60Ω, unless otherwise noted. Typical
values are at VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V, VBAT = +12V and TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Delay TXD to Bus Active
tD(TXD-BUSON)
Normal mode (Figures 1 and 2)
46
100
ns
Delay TXD to Bus Inactive
tD(TXD-BUSOFF)
Normal mode (Figures 1 and 2)
60
100
ns
Delay Bus Active to RXD
tD(BUSON-RXD)
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode
(Figures 1 and 2)
59
115
ns
Delay Bus Inactive to RXD
tD(BUSOFF-RXD)
Normal or PWON/listen-only mode
(Figures 1 and 2)
60
160
ns
Undervoltage Detection Time on
VCC and VI/O
tUV(VCC),
tUV(VI/O)
VBAT = +12V
5.0
8.4
12.5
ms
TXD Dominant Timeout
tDOM(TXD)
VTXD = 0V
300
610
1000
µs
Bus Dominant Timeout
tDOM(BUS)
VO(DIF)BUS > 0.9V
300
620
1000
µs
VBAT = +12V
17
34
56
µs
tBUSDOM
Standby or sleep mode, VBAT = +12V,
CANL = 0V, CANH pulse 0V to +2V
(Note 5)
0.9
2
5.0
µs
tWAKE
Standby or sleep mode; VBAT = +12V
5
25
50
µs
Minimum Hold Time
of Go-to-Sleep Command
Dominant Time for Wake-Up
Through Bus
Minimum Wake-Up Time After
Receiving a Falling or Rising
Edge on WAKE
tH(MIN)
Note 1: Positive current flows into the device.
Note 2: Limits over the operating temperature range are tested at worst-case supply voltage and compliant over the complete voltage
range.
Note 3: Current measured at +20V and guaranteed by design up to +40V.
Note 4: Common-mode voltage range ±40V.
Note 5: A remote wake-on CAN request is generated upon the detection of two dominant bus cycles, each followed by a recessive
bus cycle.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5
MAX13041
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V. VBAT = +12V, RL = 60Ω, CSPLIT = 4700pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
ICC SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
40
ICC (mA)
15
10
5
10
9
8
35
7
30
6
25
20
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
3
2
5
1
0
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
NORMAL MODE
300
35
30
25
20
15
NORMAL MODE
fTXD = 1Mbps
250
II/O SUPPLY CURRENT (μA)
40
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
II/O SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX13041 toc04
50
ICC (mA)
4
10
ICC SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TXD FREQUENCY
45
5
15
0
0
PWON/LISTEN-ONLY MODE
10
MAX13041 toc05
20
NORMAL MODE
fTXD = 1Mbps
45
ICC (mA)
SLEEP MODE
MAX13041 toc02
50
MAX13041 toc01
25
ICC SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
200
150
100
50
5
0
0
100
200
300
400
TXD FREQUENCY (kHz)
500
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
II/O SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VI/O
NORMAL MODE
fTXD = 1Mbps
250
II/O SUPPLY CURRENT vs. VI/O
2.0
MAX13041 toc06
300
SLEEP MODE
1.8
1.6
1.4
II/O (μA)
200
II/O (5μA)
MAX13041 toc07
0
150
100
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
50
0.2
0
0
2.8
6
3.3
3.8
4.3
VI/O (V)
MAX13041 toc03
IBAT SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
IBAT (μA)
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
4.8
5.3
2.8
3.3
3.8
4.3
VI/O (V)
4.8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5.3
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. LOAD RESISTANCE
RXD OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
3.4
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.6
2.4
TA = +125°C
2.7
OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW (V)
3.2
2.4
2.1
1.8
1.5
1.2
0.9
TA = -40°C
0.6
2.2
TA = +25°C
0.3
2.0
0
200
400
600
800
LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω)
1000
0
RXD OUTPUT VOLTAGE HIGH
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
3.0
TA = -40°C
2.1
1.8
1.5
1.2
TA = +125°C
TA = +125°C
2.7
OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE HIGH (V)
2.7
0.9
3.3
MAX13041 toc10
TA = +25°C
2.4
10
15
20
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
25
ERR OUTPUT VOLTAGE LOW
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
3.3
3.0
5
MAX13041 toc11
0
2.4
2.1
1.8
TA = -40°C
1.5
1.2
TA = +25°C
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.3
0
0
0
2
4
6
8
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
10
0
12
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
ERR OUTPUT VOLTAGE HIGH
vs. OUTPUT CURRENT
INH VOLTAGE
vs. SOURCE CURRENT
3.0
2.7
MAX13014 toc13
12
MAX13041 toc12
3.3
10
TA = -40°C
2.4
2.1
1.8
TA = -40°C
1.5
1.2
TA = +25°C
0.9
0.6
TA = +125°C
INH VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE HIGH (V)
MAX13041 toc09
NORMAL MODE
DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
3.3
MAX13041 toc08
3.6
8
TA = +25°C
6
4
TA = +125°C
2
0.3
0
0
0
50
100
150
OUTPUT CURRENT (μA)
200
0
2
4
6
8
SOURCE CURRENT (mA)
10
12
_______________________________________________________________________________________
7
MAX13041
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V. VBAT = +12V, RL = 60Ω, CSPLIT = 4700pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VI/O = +3.3V. VBAT = +12V, RL = 60Ω, CSPLIT = 4700pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
CAN-RXD PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. TEMPERATURE
INH VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
INH VOLTAGE (V)
11.6
11.4
11.2
11.0
10.8
10.6
100
MAX13041 toc15
IINH = 1mA
90
CAN-RXD PROP DELAY (ns)
11.8
MAX13041 toc14
12.0
80
70
60
50
40
30
10.4
20
10.2
10
0
10.0
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TXD-CAN PROPAGATION DELAY
vs. TEMPERATURE
TXD-CAN PROPAGATION DELAY
MAX13041 toc17
MAX13041 toc16
100
90
TXD-CAN PROP DELAY (ns)
80
CSPLIT = 47μF
TXD
2V/div
70
60
50
CANH
1V/div
40
30
CANL
1V/div
20
10
0
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
200ns/div
MAX13041 toc18
2.0
CSPLIT = 47μF
1.8
RXD
2V/div
CANH
1V/div
CANL
1V/div
VSPLIT = +12V
1.6
MAX13041 toc19
SPLIT LEAKAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
CAN-RXD PROPAGATION DELAY
SPLIT LEAKAGE (μA)
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
200ns/div
-40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
8
_______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
1
TXD
Data Transmit Input, CMOS Compatible. TXD is internally pulled up to VI/O.
2
GND
Ground
3
VCC
Supply Voltage +4.75V to +5.25V. Bypass VCC to ground with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor as close as
possible to the device.
4
RXD
Data Receive Output, CMOS Compatible
5
VI/O
Supply Voltage for I/O Level Translation, +2.8V < VI/O < VCC (see the Level Shifting section). Bypass
VI/O to ground with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the device.
6
EN
Enable Input. Control the operating mode by driving EN logic-high or logic-low (see Table 1 and
Figure 4.)
7
INH
Inhibit Output. INH controls one or more external voltage regulators.
8
ERR
Error Output, Active Low. ERR indicates errors and displays status of internal flags.
9
WAKE
10
VBAT
Battery Voltage Input. Bypass VBAT to ground with a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to
the device.
11
SPLIT
Split Termination Voltage Output. Connect SPLIT to the center node of two 60Ω termination resistors
to provide common-mode voltage stabilization (see Figure 3). SPLIT outputs a voltage of VCC/2.
12
CANL
Low-Level CAN Differential Bus Line
13
CANH
14
STB
Local Wake-Up Input. Present a voltage transition on WAKE to generate a local wake-up event.
High-Level CAN Differential Bus Line
Standby Input, Active Low. Drive STB logic-high or logic-low to control the operating mode (see Table
1 and Figure 4.)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9
MAX13041
Pin Description
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
MAX13041
Timing Diagrams
TXD
CANH
CANL
DOMINANT
0.9V
VI(DIF)(BUS)
0.5V
RECESSIVE
RXD
HIGH
0.7 VI/O
0.3 VI/O
LOW
tD(TXD-BUSOFF)
tD(BUSOFF - RXD)
tD(TXD-BUSON)
tD(BUSON - RXD)
VI(DIF)(BUS) = VCANH - VCANL
Figure 1. Timing Diagram
+12V
47μF
+5V
100nF
+
+
10μF
VI/O
VCC VBAT
CANH
TXD
60Ω
EN
MAX13041
100pF
CANL
SPLIT
STB
ERR
WAKE
INH
GND
RXD
15pF
Figure 2. Test Circuit for Timing Characteristics
10
______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
The MAX13041 ±80V fault-protected, high-speed CAN
transceiver is intended for high-speed industrial and
automotive network applications where high reliability
and advanced power management are required. The
device links a CAN protocol controller to the physical
bus wires of the controller area network (CAN) and
allows communication at speeds up to 1Mbps. Built-in
level shifting allows for direct connection to protocol controllers operating from lower voltages. The extended
fault-protected voltage range of ±80V on CAN bus lines
allows for use in +12V or +42V automotive, and higher
voltage +24V and +36V heavy-duty truck applications.
Advanced power management features make the
MAX13041 ideal for automotive electronic control unit
(ECU) modules that are permanently supplied by battery, regardless of the ignition switch position (clamp30, type-A modules). The device controls one or more
external voltage regulators to provide a low-power
sleep mode for an entire clamp-30 node. Wake-on CAN
capability allows the MAX13041 to restore power to the
node upon detection of CAN bus activity. The
MAX13041 is functionally compatible with the Philips
TJA1041A and is a pin-to-pin replacement with
improved performance.
CAN Interface
The ISO11898 specification describes the physical
layer of a controller area network (CAN). A CAN implementation is comprised of multiple transceiver modules
linked by a pair of bus wires. Communication between
modules occurs through transmission and reception of
differential logic states on the bus lines. Two complimentary logic states are defined by ISO11898. A dominant state results when the differential voltage on the
CAN bus lines is greater than 0.9V. A recessive bus
state results when the differential voltage is less than
0.5V (Figure 1). The CAN bus exhibits a wired-AND
characteristic, meaning the bus is only recessive when
all connected transmitters are recessive. Any transmitter asserting a dominant logic state forces the entire
CAN bus dominant.
The MAX13041 accepts logic-level data from the CAN
protocol controller on TXD. Drive TXD low to assert a
dominant state on the CAN bus. Drive TXD high to
release the CAN bus to a recessive state. TXD is internally pulled up to VI/O. The state of the CAN bus is presented to the protocol controller as a logic level on
RXD. The MAX13041 receiver remains active during
transmission to allow for the bit-wise arbitration scheme
specified by the CAN protocol.
Level Shifting
The MAX13041 provides level shifting on TXD, RXD,
EN, STB, WAKE and ERR for compatibility with lowervoltage protocol controllers. Set the interface logic levels for TXD, RXD, EN, STB, WAKE, and ERR by
connecting VI/O to the supply voltage of a CAN protocol
controller, or another voltage from +2.8V to +5.25V.
Split-Termination and Common-Mode
Voltage Stabilization
The CAN bus specification requires a total bus load resistance of 60Ω. Each end of the bus should be terminated
with 120Ω, the characteristic impedance of the bus line.
Electromagnetic emission (EME) is reduced by a split-termination method, whereby each end of the bus line is terminated by 120Ω split into two 60Ω resistors in series
(see Figure 3). A bypass capacitor shunts noise to
ground from the node connecting the 60Ω resistors.
When the CAN bus is recessive, the common-mode
voltage is pulled low by the leakage current from inactive modules. When the CAN bus subsequently goes
dominant, the proper common-mode voltage is
restored by the transmitting device. A common-mode
voltage step results, generating excessive EME. To mitigate this problem, the common-mode voltage of the
bus is forced to VCC/2 by biasing the split-termination
node (see Figure 3). During normal and PWON/listenonly modes, a stabilized DC voltage of VCC/2 is present
on SPLIT. Connect SPLIT to the node connecting the
two 60Ω termination resistors to stabilize the commonmode voltage of the bus and prevent EME from common-mode voltage steps.
Power-Management Operating Modes
The MAX13041 provides advanced power management
for a clamp-30 node by controlling one or more external
voltage regulators. Five operating modes provide different functionality to minimize power consumption.
CANH
RT
60Ω
SPLIT
CSPLIT
RT
60Ω
CANL
Figure 3. Biased Split Termination
______________________________________________________________________________________
11
MAX13041
Detailed Description
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
In the lowest-power mode, the MAX13041 disables external voltage regulators to provide a sleep mode for the
entire node. The MAX13041 restores power to the node
upon a logic transition on WAKE or detection of CAN
bus activity.
The operating mode is determined by an internal state
machine controlled by EN and STB, as well as several
internal flags (see Table 1 and Figure 4).
Normal Mode
The MAX13041 provides full bidirectional CAN communication in normal mode. Drive TXD to transmit data on
the differential CAN bus lines CANH and CANL. The
CAN bus state is presented on RXD, a level-shifted
logic output. SPLIT is biased to VCC/2 to allow CAN bus
common-mode stabilization. INH is logic-high, enabling
one or more external voltage regulators (see Table 1).
PWON/Listen-Only Mode
In PWON/listen-only mode, the CAN transmitter is disabled. The CAN receiver remains active and the CAN
bus state is presented on RXD, a level-shifted logic output. As in normal mode, SPLIT is biased to VCC/2 to
allow CAN bus common-mode stabilization. INH is
logic-high, enabling one or more external voltage regulators (see Table 1).
Standby Mode
Standby mode is the first low-power operating mode.
The CAN transmitter and receiver are disabled, and a
low-power receiver is enabled to monitor the CAN bus
for activity. To reduce power consumption, commonmode stabilization is disabled. SPLIT becomes high
impedance, and CANH and CANL are biased to
ground by the termination resistors. INH remains logichigh, enabling one or more external voltage regulators
(see Table 1).
Go-to-Sleep Command Mode
Go-to-sleep command mode is part of the controlled
sequence for entering sleep mode. The MAX13041
remains in go-to-sleep command mode for a hold time of
56µs (max), and subsequently enters sleep mode if no
wake events are detected. During the hold time, if the
state of EN or STB changes, or if the UVBAT, PWON, or
wake-up flags are set, the go-to-sleep sequence is
aborted. During go-to-sleep command mode, functionality is the same as in standby mode.
Sleep Mode
Sleep mode is the lowest-power operating mode. The
CAN transmitter and receiver are disabled, and a lowpower receiver is enabled to monitor the CAN bus for
Table 1. Operating Modes
CONTROL PINS
STB
EN
X
X
INTERNAL FLAGS
UVNOM
UVBAT
PWON, WAKE-UP
SET
X
X
CLEAR
SET
EITHER FLAG SET
BOTH FLAGS CLEAR
EITHER FLAG SET
L
L
CLEAR
CLEAR
BOTH FLAGS CLEAR
EITHER FLAG SET
L
H
CLEAR
CLEAR
OPERATING MODE
SLEEP (Notes 6, 7)
STANDBY
H
H
STANDBY
H
NO CHANGE FROM SLEEP MODE
FLOATING
STANDBY FROM ANY OTHER MODE
H
STANDBY
H
FLOATING
GO-TO-SLEEP COMMAND MODE FROM
ANY OTHER MODE (Note 7)
H
H
L
CLEAR
CLEAR
X
PWON/LISTEN-ONLY
H
H
H
CLEAR
CLEAR
X
NORMAL (Note 9)
H
Note 6: Setting the PWON or wake-up flags clears UVNOM flag.
Note 7: The MAX13041 enters sleep mode from any other mode when UVNOM is set. INH becomes high impedance.
Note 8: When go-to-sleep command mode is selected for longer than tH(MIN), the MAX13041 enters sleep mode.
INH becomes high impedance.
Note 9: PWON and wake-up flags are cleared upon entering normal mode.
12
FLOATING
STANDBY FROM ANY OTHER MODE
NO CHANGE FROM SLEEP MODE
BOTH FLAGS CLEAR
INH
______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
MAX13041
STB = H AND EN = H
STB = H AND EN = L
PWON/LISTEN-ONLY MODE
NORMAL MODE
STB = H
AND EN = H
STB = H
AND EN = L
STB = H
AND EN = L
STB = H
AND EN = H
STB = L
AND
(EN = L OR
FLAG SET)
STB = L AND EN = H
AND FLAGS CLEARED
STB = L
AND EN = H
STB = L
AND EN = L
STANDBY MODE
STB = L AND EN = H
AND FLAGS CLEARED
GO-TO-SLEEP COMMAND MODE
STB = L AND
(EN = L OR FLAG SET)
STB = H AND EN = L
AND UVNOM CLEARED
FLAGS CLEARED
AND t > tH(MIN)
STB = L AND
FLAG SET
STB = H AND EN = H
AND UVNOM CLEARED
SLEEP MODE
NOTES: H AND L ARE
FLAG SET =
FLAGS CLEARED
LOGIC STATE OF EN OR STB
SETTING PWON AND/OR WAKE-UP FLAG.
PWON AND WAKE-UP FLAG BOTH CLEARED.
Figure 4. State Diagram
activity. To reduce power consumption, common-mode
stabilization is disabled. SPLIT becomes high impedance, and CANH and CANL are biased to ground by
the termination resistors. INH goes high impedance,
disabling one or more external voltage regulators (see
Table 1.)
Flag Signaling
The MAX13041 uses a set of seven internal flags for
system diagnosis and to indicate faults. Five of the
flags are available at different times to the CAN protocol controller on ERR. A logic-low on ERR indicates a
set flag or a fault (see Table 3.) Allow ERR to stabilize
for at least 8µs after changing operating modes.
Supply Undervoltage: UVNOM
UVNOM is set when supply voltage on VCC drops below
VCC(SLEEP) for longer than tUV(Vcc), or when voltage on
VI/O drops below VI/O(SLEEP) for longer than tUV(VI/O).
When UVNOM is set, the MAX13041 enters low-power
sleep mode to reduce power consumption. The device
remains in sleep mode for a minimum waiting time
before allowing the UVNOM flag to be cleared. This
waiting time is determined by the same timer used for
setting UVNOM (tUV(VCC) or tUV(VIO).) UVNOM is cleared
by a local wake-up request triggered by a level change
on WAKE or by a wake-on-CAN event. UVNOM is also
cleared by setting the PWON flag.
VBAT Undervoltage: UVBAT
UVBAT is set when the voltage on VBAT drops below
VBAT(STB). When UVBAT is set, the MAX13041 enters
standby mode to reduce power consumption. UVBAT is
cleared when the voltage on V BAT is restored and
exceeds V BAT(STB) . Upon clearing UV BAT , the
MAX13041 returns to the operating mode determined
by EN and STB.
Power-On Flag: PWON
PWON indicates the MAX13041 is in a power-on state.
PWON is set when VBAT has dropped below VBAT(STB)
and has subsequently recovered. This condition occurs
______________________________________________________________________________________
13
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
Table 2. Flag Signaling on ERR
FLAG AVAILABLE ON ERR
INTERNAL FLAG
CONDITIONS TO CLEAR FLAG
UVNOM
No
Set PWON or wake-up flags
UVBAT
No
Recovery of VBAT
PWON
In PWON/listen-only mode (changing from
standby, go-to-sleep command, or sleep modes)
Entering normal mode
Wake-Up
In standby, go-to-sleep command, and sleep
modes (provided VI/O and VCC are present)
Entering normal mode or setting PWON or UVNOM
flag
Wake-Up Source
In normal mode (before the fourth dominant to
recessive edge on TXD, Note 10)
Leaving normal mode or setting PWON flag
Bus Failure
In normal mode (after the fourth dominant to
recessive edge on TXD, Note 10)
Re-entering normal mode
Local Failure
In PWON/listen-only mode (coming from normal
mode)
Entering normal mode or whenever RXD is
dominant while TXD is recessive (and all local
failures are resolved)
Note 10: Allow for a dominant time of at least 4µs per dominant-recessive cycle.
DOMINANT
CANH
DOMINANT
RECESSIVE
RECESSIVE
CANL
tBUSDOM
tBUSDOM
tBUSDOM
tBUSDOM
Figure 5. Wake-On-CAN Timing
when battery voltage is first applied to VBAT. When the
PWON flag is set, UVNOM is cleared and sleep mode is
disabled. The primary function of the PWON flag is to prevent the MAX13041 from entering sleep mode (and thereby disabling external voltage regulators) before the
protocol controller establishes control through EN and
STB. The PWON flag is externally indicated as a logic-low
on ERR when the MAX13041 is placed into PWON/listenonly mode from standby mode, go-to-sleep command
mode, or sleep mode. The PWON flag is cleared when
the MAX13041 enters normal mode.
Wake-Up Flag
The wake-up flag is set when a local or remote wake-up
request is detected. A local wake-up request is generated when the logic level on WAKE changes and
remains stable for t WAKE . A remote wake-on CAN
request is generated upon the detection of two dominant bus cycles, each followed by a recessive bus
14
cycle (see Figure 5.) Each bus cycle must exceed
tBUS(DOM). The wake-up flag can only be set in standby mode, go-to-sleep command mode, or sleep mode.
Setting the wake-up flag resets UVNOM, and wake-up
requests are not detected during the UVNOM flag waiting time immediately after UVNOM has been set. The
wake-up flag is immediately available as a logic-low on
ERR and RXD, provided that VI/O and VCC are both
present. The wake-up flag is cleared when the
MAX13041 enters normal mode.
Wake-Up Source Flag
The wake-up source flag is set concurrently with the
wake-up source flag when a local wake-up event is
detected. The wake-up source flag can only be set
after the PWON flag has been cleared. The flag is
cleared when the MAX13041 leaves normal mode and
during initial power-on. The wake-up source flag is
externally indicated on ERR when the MAX13041 is in
______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
Bus Failure Flag
The bus failure flag is set when the MAX13041 detects
a CAN bus short-circuit to VBAT, VCC, or GND for four
consecutive dominant-recessive cycles on TXD. The
flag is cleared when the MAX13041 leaves normal
mode. The bus failure flag is externally indicated as a
logic low on ERR in normal mode, after the fourth dominant-to-recessive transition on TXD.
Local Failure Flag
The local failure flag indicates five separate local failure
conditions (see Fault Protection & Fail-Safes section).
When one or more local failure conditions have
occurred, the local failure flag is set. The flag is cleared
when the MAX13041 enters normal mode or when RXD
goes logic-low while TXD is logic-high. The local failure
flag is externally indicated as a logic-low on ERR when
the MAX13041 is placed into PWON/listen-only mode
from normal mode.
Wake-On CAN
The MAX13041 provides wake-on-CAN capability from
sleep mode. When the MAX13041 detects two dominant bus states, each followed by a recessive state
(Figure 5), the MAX13041 sets the wake-up flag and
enters an operating mode determined by the state of
EN and STB. Each CAN logic state must be at least 5µs
in duration. This wake-up detection criterion serves to
prevent unintentional wake-up events due to bus faults
such as VBAT to CANH or an open circuit on CANL. At
higher data rates (>125kbit/s), wake-up can not be
guaranteed for a single, arbitrary CAN data frame. Two
or more consecutive arbitrary CAN data frames may be
required to ensure a successful wake-on-CAN event.
External-Voltage Regulator Control
MAX13041 controls one or more external voltage regulators through INH, a VBAT-referenced, open-drain output. When INH is logic-high, any external voltage
regulators are active and power is supplied to the
node. When INH is high-impedance, the typical pulldown characteristic of the voltage-regulator inhibit input
pulls INH to a logic-low and disables the external voltage regulator(s).
Fault Protection & Fail-Safes
The MAX13041 features ±80V tolerance on CAN bus
lines CANH, CANL, and SPLIT. Up to +76V operation is
possible on VBAT, allowing for use in +42V automotive
applications. Additionally, the device detects local and
remote bus failures and features fail-safe modes to
prevent damage to the device or interference with CAN
bus communication.
The MAX13041 detects five different local faults. When
any local fault is detected, the local failure flag is set.
Additionally, for faults other than bus dominant clamping, the transmitter is disabled to prevent possible damage to the device. The transmitter remains disabled
until the local failure flag is cleared.
TXD Dominant Clamping
An extended logic-low level on TXD due to hardware or
software failure would ordinarily clamp the CAN bus to
a dominant state, blocking communication on the entire
bus. This condition is prevented by the TXD dominant
time-out feature. If TXD is held low for longer than
tDOM(TXD), the local failure flag is set and the transmitter is disabled until the local failure flag is cleared. The
TXD time-out value limits the minimum allowable bit rate
to 40kbps.
RXD Recessive Clamping
If a hardware failure clamps RXD to a logic-high level,
the protocol controller assumes the CAN bus is in a
recessive state at all times. This has the undesirable
effect that the protocol controller assumes the bus is
clear and may initiate messages that would interfere with
ordinary communication. This local failure is detected by
checking the state of RXD when the CAN bus is in a
dominant state. If RXD does not reflect the state of the
CAN bus, the local failure flag is set and the transmitter is
disabled until the local failure flag is cleared.
TXD-to-RXD Short-Circuit Detection
A short-circuit between TXD and RXD forces the bus
into a permanent dominant state upon the first transmission of a dominant bit because normally the low-side
driver of RXD is stronger than the microcontroller highside driver of TXD. The MAX13041 detects this condition and prevents the resulting bus failure by setting the
local failure flag and disabling the transmitter. The
transmitter remains disabled until the local failure flag is
cleared.
Bus Dominant Clamping
A short-circuit fault from the CAN bus to VBAT, VCC, or
GND could produce a differential voltage between
CANH and CANL greater than the receiver threshold,
resulting in a dominant bus state. If the bus state is
clamped dominant for longer than tDOM(BUS), the local
failure flag is set. The transmitter is not disabled by this
fault and the local failure flag is cleared as soon as the
bus state becomes recessive.
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
MAX13041
normal mode, prior to the fourth dominant-to-recessive
transition on TXD. A low level on ERR indicates a local
wake-up has occurred.
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
Thermal Shutdown Fault
The local failure flag is set when the junction temperature
(TJ) exceeds the shutdown junction temperature threshold, TJ(SD). The transmitter is disabled to prevent excessive current dissipation from damaging the device. The
transmitter remains disabled until TJ drops TJ(SD)HYST
degrees, and the local failure flag is cleared.
Recovering from Local Faults
The local failure flag is cleared and the transmitter is reenabled whenever RXD is dominant while TXD is recessive. This situation occurs normally when the MAX13041
is receiving CAN bus data in the absence of a bus failure.
In PWON/listen-only mode, ERR changes to a logic-high
to reflect the change in the local failure flag. If there is no
activity on the CAN bus, the local failure flag can also be
cleared by switching to normal mode from another operating mode. A typical method involves switching to
PWON/listen-only mode and reading the local failure flag
on ERR. Subsequently, switch back to normal mode to
clear the flag. This sequence is then repeated to verify
that the failure has been resolved.
ESD Protection
As with all Maxim devices, ESD-protection structures
are incorporated on all pins to protect against electrostatic discharges encountered during handling and
assembly. The CANH and CANL lines are further protected by advanced ESD structures to guard these pins
from damage caused by ESD of up to ±12kV as measured by the Human Body Model (HBM). Protection
structures prevent damage caused by ESD events in all
operating modes, and when the device is unpowered.
ESD Models
Several ESD testing standards exist for gauging the
robustness of ESD structures. The ESD protection of
the MAX13041 is characterized for the human body
model (HBM). Figure 6 shows the model used to simulate an ESD event resulting from contact with the
human body. The model consists of a 100pF storage
capacitor that is charged to a high voltage, and subsequently discharged through a 1.5kΩ resistor. Figure 7
shows the current waveform when the storage capacitor is discharged into a low impedance.
Applications Information
Clamp-30, Type-A CAN Modules
The MAX13041 is primarily intended for automotive
ECU applications where battery power is permanently
supplied to the node (see Figure 8.) This type of application is referred to as a clamp-30 node. ECU modules,
which are supplied by the battery only when the ignition
switch is closed, are referred to as clamp-15 modules.
Because clamp-30 modules are permanently supplied
by battery voltage, low power consumption is an essential design requirement. The MAX13041 provides
advanced power management to the entire node by
controlling one or more external voltage regulators.
While CAN transceivers, such as the MAX13041,
operate from a supply voltage of +5V, many microprocessors are supplied by voltages of +3.3V and
lower. By controlling the supply voltage regulator for the
microprocessor, the MAX13041 can force a low-power
sleep mode for the entire node.
EMC Considerations
In multidrop CAN applications, it is important to maintain a direct point-to-point wiring scheme. A single pair
of wires should connect each transceiver on the CAN
bus, and the bus wires should be properly split-terminated with two 60Ω resistors at each end as described
in Figure 3 . For best EMC performance, do not use a
star topology. Any deviation from the point-to-point
wiring scheme results in a stub. High-speed edges of
the CAN signal reflect from the unterminated stub ends,
interfering with communication on the bus. To minimize
the effect of these reflections, care should be taken to
minimize the length of stubs.
Power-Supply Decoupling
Bypass V CC , V BAT , and V I/O to ground with 0.1µF
ceramic capacitors. Place all capacitors as close as
possible to the device.
ESD Test Conditions
ESD performance depends on a variety of conditions.
Please contact Maxim for a reliability report documenting test setup, methodology, and results.
16
______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
CHARGE-CURRENTLIMIT RESISTOR
HIGHVOLTAGE
DC
SOURCE
Cs
100pF
IP 100%
90%
DISCHARGE
RESISTANCE
Ir
PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING
(NOT DRAWN TO SCALE)
AMPERES
DEVICE
UNDER
TEST
STORAGE
CAPACITOR
36.8%
10%
0
0
tRL
TIME
tDL
CURRENT WAVEFORM
Figure 7. Human Body Model Current Waveform
Figure 6. Human Body ESD Test Model
VBAT
MAX13041
RD
1.5kΩ
RC
1MΩ
CLAMP 30
CLAMP 15
IGNITION
SWITCH
MAX13041
MAX13041
MAX13041
CLAMP 15
CAN NODE
CLAMP 15
CAN NODE
Figure 8. Typical ECU Architecture with Clamp-30 and Clamp-15 Modules
______________________________________________________________________________________
17
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
MAX13041
Pin Configuration
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
TOP VIEW
+
TXD 1
14 STB
GND
2
13 CANH
VCC
3
12 CANL
RXD 4
MAX13041
VI/O 5
11 SPLIT
10 VBAT
EN 6
9
WAKE
INH 7
8
ERR
SO
18
______________________________________________________________________________________
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
VI/O
VBAT
VCC
INH
CANH
MAX13041
TXD
CANL
RXD
ERR
LEVEL
SHIFTING
STB
COMMONMODE
STABILIZATION
FLAG
SIGNALING
SPLIT
OPERATING
MODE
CONTROL
EN
WAKE
WAKE
DETECT
LOW POWER
RECEIVER
GND
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go
to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.
PACKAGE TYPE
PACKAGE CODE
DOCUMENT NO.
14 SO
S14M-7
21-0041
______________________________________________________________________________________
19
MAX13041
Functional Diagram
MAX13041
±80V Fault-Protected High-Speed CAN Transceiver
with Low-Power Management and Wake-On CAN
Revision History
REVISION
DATE
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
1
11/07
Changed Absolute Maximum Ratings and Electrical Characteristics sections
2, 4, 5, 12
2
12/08
Added automotive part number
REVISION
NUMBER
1
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
20 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 2008 Maxim Integrated Products
Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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