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MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
General Description
Benefits and Features
The MAX40000/MAX40001 are tiny, single comparators
with built-in voltage references that are ideal for a wide
variety of portable electronics applications, such as cell
phones, portable instruments, and notebooks that have
extremely tight board space and power constraints. The
MAX40000/MAX40001 are available in a 6-bump waferlevel package (WLP) with 1.11mm x 0.76mm footprint and
a 6-pin SOT23 package. The MAX40000 has a push-pull
output and the MAX40001 has an open-drain output.
● Micropower Operating Current (0.9μA typ, 1.7μA max)
Preserves Battery Power
● Tiny 1.11mm x 0.76mm 6-Bump WLP and SOT23
Packages Save Board Space
● Internal Precision Reference Saves Space and Cost
of an External Reference
• < 1% at Room Temperature, < 2.5% Over Temp
Reference
• Multiple Reference Voltages (1.252V, 1.66V, 1.94V,
and 2.22V)
The devices offer a supply voltage range from 1.7V to
5.5V and consume only 0.9μA of supply current. They also
feature internal filtering to provide high RF immunity, important in many portable applications.
The devices have a high-precision integrated reference
that is factory trimmed to an initial accuracy of 1% and better than 2.5% over the entire temperature range. Internal
reference voltage options include 1.252V, 1.66V, 1.94V,
and 2.22V. See Ordering Information for help with ordering a MAX40000/MAX40001 with a particular voltage reference value and package type. The reference output is
stable for capacitive loads up to 100pF.
These devices are fully specified over -40°C to +125°C
automotive temperature range.
Applications
●
●
●
●
●
●
Cell Phones
Tablets and Consumer Accessories
Notebook Computers
Electronic Toys
Portable Medical Instruments/Wearables
Level Detectors
19-8610; Rev 6; 5/21
● Input Voltage Range = -0.2V to 5.7V
● Supply Voltage Range (1.7V to 5.5V) Allows
Operation from 1.8V, 2.5V, 3V, and 5V Supplies
● 1.8V, guaranteed by PSRR
specification
VREF +
0.1
5.5
No output or reference load current, TA =
-40°C to +125°C
V
0.9
5
1.7
µA
µs
Maxim Integrated | 8
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, VCM = 0V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are
at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
-0.2
VDD +
0.2
V
0
VDD
COMPARATOR
Input Common-Mode
Voltage Range
Input Offset Voltage
VCM
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C to +125°C
VOS
Note 2
VCM = 0V to VDD
-1V
8
VCM = VDD -1V to
VDD, TA = 0°C to
+85°C
10
VCM = VDD -1V to
VDD, TA = -40°C to
+125°C
14
Input Offset Drift
Input Hysteresis
VHYS
Input Bias Current
Note 3
Note 4
mV
27
µV/°C
2.5
mV
VCM = -0.2V to
VDD +0.2V, TA =
+25°C
1
5
VCM = 0V to VDD,
TA = -40°C to
+85°C
1
5
VCM = 0.2V to
VDD, TA = -40°C to
+125°C
1
5
5
nA
Input Offset Current
Note 4
Input Capacitance
Either input, over VCM range
Power Supply Rejection
Ratio
PSRR
DC, over the entire common-mode input
voltage range
60
dB
Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio
CMRR
DC, over the entire common-mode input
voltage range
46
dB
1.5
nA
pF
Output Voltage Swing
Low
VOL
Sinking 2mA output current, VOUT VGND
0.4
V
Output Voltage Swing
High
VOH
Sourcing 2mA output current,
VDD - VOUT
0.4
V
Open-drain only (MAX40001), VDD =
1.8V, VO = 5.5V, TA = -40°C to +125°C
100
nA
Output Leakage Current
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IO-LKG
Maxim Integrated | 9
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, VCM = 0V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are
at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
100mV overdrive
(Note 5)
Propagation Delay
tPD
20mV overdrive
(Note 5)
MIN
TYP
Output L->H,
MAX40000
9.6
Output L->H,
MAX40001, 100kΩ
14
Output H->L,
MAX40000
3.2
Output L->H,
MAX40000
9.9
Output L->H,
MAX40001,
100kΩ
14.8
Output H->L,
MAX40000
5.2
MAX
UNITS
µs
Rise Time
tR
Push-pull output stage. 25% to 75%
300
ns
Fall Time
tF
25% to 75%
52
ns
INTERNAL REFERENCE VOLTAGE
MAX40000ANT12+
T
TA = +25°C
Reference Voltage
VREF
TA = -40°C to
+85°C
Reference Thermal Drift
VREFTEMPCO
1.66
MAX4000_ _ _
_19+
1.94
MAX4000_ _ _
_22+
2.22
MAX4000_ _ _
_12+
1.252
MAX4000_ _ _
_16+
1.66
MAX4000_ _ _
_19+
1.94
MAX4000_ _ _
_22+
2.22
Load Regulation
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IVREFOUT = ±100nA
1.2645
V
1.2207
1.252
MAX4000_ _ _
_16+
1.66
MAX4000_ _ _
_19+
1.94
MAX4000_ _ _
_22+
2.22
Over extended temperature range,
TA = -40°C to +125°C
Line Regulation
1.252
MAX4000_ _ _
_16+
MAX40000ANT12+
T
TA = -40°C to
+125°C
1.2395
1.2833
15
ppm/°C
1200
ppm/V
0.01
mV/nA
Maxim Integrated | 10
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, VCM = 0V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = TMIN to TMAX. Typical values are
at TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
Output Current
TYP
MAX
0.1
Voltage Noise
0.1Hz to 10Hz
Voltage Noise Density
CREF = 1nF, 10Hz to 6kHz
Capacitive Load Stability
MIN
UNITS
µA
82
µVP-P
2.19
µV/√Hz
100
pF
Note 1: All specifications are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. Specification limits over temperature (TA = TMIN to TMAX) are
guaranteed by design, not production tested.
Note 2: Input offset voltage; VOS is defined as the center of the hysteresis band or average of the threshold trip points.
Note 3: The hysteresis-related trip points are defined as the edges of the hysteresis band, measured with respect to the center of the
band (i.e., VOS) (Figure 1).
Note 4: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 5: Specified with an input overdrive (VOVERDRIVE) of 100mV and 20mV, and load capacitance of CL = 15pF. VOVERDRIVE is
defined above the offset voltage and hysteresis of the comparator input. For the MAX40000/MAX40001, reference voltage
error should also be added.
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Maxim Integrated | 11
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = 3.3V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
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Maxim Integrated | 12
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
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Maxim Integrated | 13
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
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Maxim Integrated | 14
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, RPULLUP = 100kΩ from OUT to VPULLUP = 3.3V (for MAX40001 only), TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Pin Configurations
BUMP (WLP)
TOP VIEW
(BUMPS ON BOTTOM)
1
2
3
A
IP
VDD
OUT
B
IM
REF
GND
+
MAX40000
MAX40001
WLP
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Maxim Integrated | 15
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
PIN (SOT23)
(TOP VIEW)
+
IM
1
GND
2
REF
3
6 IP
MAX40000
MAX40001
5 VDD
4 OUT
SOT23
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
BUMP (WLP)
PIN (SOT23)
B1
1
IM
B2
3
REF
Internal Voltage Reference Output. Bypass REF pin with a 0.1μF capacitor to
GND as close as possible to the device.
B3
2
GND
Ground
A1
6
IP
A2
5
VDD
VDD Supply Voltage. Bypass VDD with a 0.1μF capacitor to GND as close as
possible to the device pin.
A3
4
OUT
Open-Drain Output (MAX40001)/Push-Pull Output (MAX40000). For the opendrain version, connect a 100kΩ pullup resistor from OUT to any pullup voltage up
to 5.5V.
Inverting Input of Comparator
Noninverting Input of Comparator
Functional Diagram
VDD
IM
OP
IP
RF
MAX40000
MAX40001
REF
GND
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Maxim Integrated | 16
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Detailed Description
The MAX40000/MAX40001 feature an on-board voltage reference with ±1% initial accuracy. This family of comparators
with internal references are available in multiple voltage reference options. The Ordering Information table provides
exact part numbers associated with a particular voltage reference option. The common-mode voltage range of this family
extends 200mV beyond the rails, allowing signals slightly beyond the rails to trigger the comparator. The 2.5mV internal
hysteresis ensures clean output switching even with slow moving input signals. Large internal output drivers allow rail-torail output swing with up to ±2mA loads.
The output stage employs a unique design that minimizes supply current surges while switching, virtually eliminating
supply glitches typical of many other comparators. The MAX40000 has a push-pull output stage that sinks as well as
sources current. The MAX40001 has an open-drain output stage that can be pulled beyond VDD to a maximum of 5.5V
above GND. Multiple comparators with open-drain outputs (OUT) can be connected together in parallel and share a
single pullup resistor. This enables user to detect if there is any fault if at least one comparator trips different to other
comparators.
Input Stage Circuitry
The input common-mode voltage range extends from - 0.2V to VDD + 0.2V. These comparators operate at any differential
input voltage within these limits. Input bias current is typically ±1nA if the input voltage is between the supply rails.
Output Stage Structure
The devices contain a unique break-before-make output stage capable of rail-to-rail operation with up to ±2mA loads.
Many comparators consume orders of magnitude more current during switching than during steady-state operation. In
the Typical Operating Characteristics, the Supply Current graphs show the minimal supply-current increase as the
output switching frequency approaches 1kHz. This characteristic reduces the need for power-supply filter capacitors to
reduce glitches created by comparator switching currents. In battery-powered applications, this characteristic results in a
substantial increase in battery life.
Voltage Reference
The MAX40000/MAX40001 come with different internal voltage reference options that has initial accuracy of ±1%.
1.252V, 1.6V, 1.9V, and 2.2V options of internal voltage references are available. The devices’ internal reference has
a typical temperature coefficient of 15ppm/°C over the full -40°C to +125°C temperature range. The reference is a
very-low-power bandgap cell, with a maximum 10kΩ output impedance. REF pin can source and sink up to 100nA to
external circuitry. For applications that need increased drive, buffer REF with a low input-bias current op amp such as the
MAX44265. Most applications require no bypass capacitor on REF pin.
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Maxim Integrated | 17
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Applications Information
Battery-Powered Operation
The MAX40000 and MAX40001 are ideally suited for use with most battery-powered systems. Table 1 lists Alkaline and
Lithium-Ion batteries with capacities and approximate operating times for MAX40000 and MAX40001, assuming nominal
conditions.
Internal Hysteresis
Many comparators oscillate in the linear region of operation because of noise or undesired parasitic feedback. This tends
to occur when the voltage on one input is equal or very close to the voltage on the other input. The MAX40000/MAX40001
have internal 2.5mV hysteresis to counter parasitic effects and noise.
The hysteresis in a comparator creates two trip points: one for upper threshold (VTRIP+) and one for lower threshold
(VTRIP-) for voltage transitions on the input signal (Figure 1). The difference between the trip points is the hysteresis
band (VHYS). When the comparator’s input voltages are equal, the hysteresis effectively causes one comparator input
to move quickly past the other, thus taking the input out of the region where oscillation occurs. Figure 1 illustrates the
case in which IM has a fixed voltage applied, and IP is varied. If the inputs were reversed, the figure would be the same,
except with an inverted output.
Adding External Hysteresis
In applications requiring more than the internal 2.5mV hysteresis of the devices, additional hysteresis can be added with
two external resistors. Since these comparators are intended to use in very low-power systems, care must be taken to
minimize power dissipation in the additional circuitry.
Regardless of which approach is employed to add external hysteresis, the external hysteresis will be VDD dependent.
Over the full discharge range of battery-powered systems, the hysteresis can change as much as 40%. Figure 2 shown
below is simplest circuit for adding external hysteresis. In this example, the hysteresis is defined by:
RG
Hysteresis = R × VDD
F
Where RG is the source resistance and RF is the feedback resistance. Because the comparison threshold is 1/2 VDD,
the MAX40000 was chosen for its push-pull output and lack of reference. This provides symmetrical hysteresis around
the threshold.
VTRIP+
VHYS
IP
VOS = (VTRIP+ + VTRIP-)/2
IM
VTRIP-
VOH
OUT
VOL
Figure 1. Hysteresis Band
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Maxim Integrated | 18
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Table 1. Battery Applications Using MAX40000 and MAX40001
BATTERY TYPE
RECHARGEABLE
VINITIAL
(V)
VEND-OFLIFE
(V)
CAPACITY,
AA
SIZE (mAh)
MAX40000/MAX40001 OPERATING TIME
(hr)
Alkaline (2 Cells)
No
3.0
1.8
2000
1.8 x 106
Lithium-Ion (1
Cell)
Yes
3.5
2.7
1000
0.9 x 106
Output Considerations
In most cases, the push-pull output of MAX40000 is best for external hysteresis. The open-drain output of the MAX40001
can be used, but the effect of the feedback network and pullup resistor on the actual output high voltage must be
considered.
Component Selection
Because the MAX40000/MAX40001 are intended for very low power-supply systems, the highest impedance circuits
should be used wherever possible. The offset error due to input-bias current is proportional to the total impedance seen
at the input. For example, selecting components for Figure 2, with a target of 50mV hysteresis, a 5V supply, and choosing
an RF of 10MΩ gives RG as 100kΩ. The total impedance seen at IN+ is therefore 10MΩ || 100kΩ, or 99kΩ. The maximum
input bias current of MAX40000/MAX40001 is 1nA; therefore, the error due to source impedance is less than 100μV.
Board Layout and Bypassing
Power-supply bypass capacitors are not typically needed, but use 100nF bypass capacitors close to the device’s supply
pins when supply impedance is high, supply leads are long, or excessive noise is expected on the supply lines. Minimize
signal trace lengths to reduce stray capacitance. A ground plane and surface-mount components are recommended. If
the REF pin is decoupled, use a new low-leakage capacitor.
Logic-Level Translator
The Typical Application Circuit shows an application that converts 5V logic to 3V logic levels. The MAX40001 is powered
by the +5V supply voltage to VDD, and the pullup resistor for the MAX40001’s open-drain output is connected to the +3V
supply voltage. This configuration allows the full 5V logic swing without creating overvoltage on the 3V logic inputs. For
3V to 5V logic-level translations, simply connect the +3V supply voltage to VDD and the +5V supply voltage to the pullup
resistor.
RG
RF
VIN+
VDD
MAX40000
VDD/2
Figure 2. External Hysteresis on MAX40000
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Maxim Integrated | 19
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Typical Application Circuit
1.7V TO 5.5V
VDD
VPULL = 3V
MAX40001
100kΩ
100kΩ
IM
OUT
IP
100kΩ
GND
5V (3V) LOGIC IN
Ordering Information
TEMP RANGE
PINPACKAGE
TOP MARK
MAX40000ANT12+T
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+N
MAX40000ANT16+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+O
MAX40000ANT19+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+P
MAX40000ANT22+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+Q
MAX40000AUT12+T
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40000AUT16+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40000AUT19+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40000AUT22+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40001ANT12+T
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+R
MAX40001ANT16+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+S
MAX40001ANT19+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+T
MAX40001ANT22+T
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+U
MAX40001AUT12+T
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40001AUT16+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40001AUT19+T*
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
MAX40001AUT22+T
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
–
PART
+Denotes a lead (Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
T = Tape and reel.
For example, the MAX40000ANT12+T has an onboard 1.2V reference voltage.
Devices without “_ _” use external reference voltage as supply voltage.
*Future product—contact factory for availability.
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Maxim Integrated | 20
MAX40000/MAX40001
1.7V, nanoPower Comparators with Built-In
Reference
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
0
1/17
Initial release
1
3/17
Updated title to include “nanoPower”
1–14
2
4/17
Updated Ordering Information table
13
3
5/17
Updated Ordering Information table
4
8/17
Updated Functional Diagram and Ordering Information table
5
1/21
Added package outline drawings
6–8
6
5/21
Updated Electrical Characteristics table
9–10
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
—
13
10, 13
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent
licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max
limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
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