MAX680CSA

Click here for production status of specific part numbers. MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters General Description The MAX680/MAX681 are monolithic, CMOS, dual chargepump voltage converters that provide ±10V outputs from a +5V input voltage. The MAX680/MAX681 provide both a positive step-up charge pump to develop +10V from +5V input and an inverting charge pump to generate the -10V output. Both parts have an on-chip, 8kHz oscillator. The MAX681 has the capacitors internal to the package, and the MAX680 requires four external capacitors to produce both positive and negative voltages from a single supply. The output source impedances are typically 150Ω, providing useful output currents up to 10mA. The low quiescent current and high efficiency make this device suitable for a variety of applications that need both positive and negative voltages generated from a single supply. The MAX864/MAX865 are also recommended for new designs. The MAX864 operates at up to 200kHz and uses smaller capacitors. The MAX865 comes in the smaller µMAX package. Applications The MAX680/MAX681 can be used wherever a single positive supply is available and where positive and negative voltages are required. Common applications include generating ±6V from a 3V battery and generating ±10V from the standard +5V logic supply (for use with analog circuitry). Typical applications include: ●● ●● ●● ●● ●● ±6V from 3V Lithium Cell Hand-Held Instruments Data-Acquisition Systems Panel Meters ±10V from +5V Logic Supply ●● Battery-Operated Equipment ●● Operational Amplifier Power Supplies V+ 7 C1+ C2- 3 6 VCC V- 4 5 GND DIP/SO ●● Only Four External Capacitors Required (MAX680) ●● No Capacitors Required (MAX681) ●● 500µA Supply Current ●● Monolithic CMOS Design Ordering Information PART TEMP. RANGE MAX680CPA 0°C to +70°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX680CSA 0°C to +70°C 8 Narrow SO MAX680C/D 0°C to +70°C Dice MAX680EPA -40°C to +85°C 8 Plastic DIP MAX680ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 Narrow SO MAX680MJA -55°C to +125°C 8 CERDIP MAX681CPD 0°C to +70°C 14 Plastic DIP MAX681EPD -40°C to +85°C 14 Plastic DIP PIN-PACKAGE Typical Operating Circuits +5V V C1+ CC MAX680 V+ C1C2+ 4.7µF 4.7µF +10V -10V V4.7µF GND V+ 1 14 VCC C1- 2 C1- 3 13 VCC MAX681 GND VCC FOUR PINS REQUIRED (MAX681 ONLY) 12 VCC C2+ 4 11 VCC C2- 5 10 V+ C2- 6 9 GND V- 7 8 GND DIP 19-0896; Rev 2; 7/19 ●● +2V to +6V Voltage Range +5V 8 MAX680 ●● 85% Power-Conversion Efficiency C2- GND TOP VIEW C2+ 2 ●● 95% Voltage-Conversion Efficiency 4.7µF Pin Configurations C1- 1 Features V+ +10V V- -10V MAX681 GND GND GND +5V to ±10V CONVERTER MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Absolute Maximum Ratings VCC .....................................................................................+6.2V V+ ........................................................................................+12V V- ......................................................................................... -12V V- Short-Circuit Duration ...........................................Continuous V+ Current ..........................................................................75mA VCC ΔV/ΔT .........................................................................1V/µs Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) . 8-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C)......727mW . 8-Pin Narrow SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)..... 471mW . 8-Pin CERDIP (derate 8.00mW/°C above +70°C)......... 640mW . 14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.00mW/°C above +70°C). 800mW Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) ............................. +300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Electrical Characteristics (VCC = +5V, test circuit Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) PARAMETER Supply Current Supply-Voltage Range Positive Charge-Pump Output Source Resistance Negative Charge-Pump Output Source Resistance CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX VCC = 3V, TA = +25°C, RL = ∞ 0.5 1 VCC = 5V, TA = +25°C, RL = ∞ 1 2 VCC = 5V, 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C, RL = ∞ 2.5 VCC = 5V, -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C, RL = ∞ 3 VCC = 5V, -55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, RL = ∞ 3 MIN ≤ TA ≤ MAX, RL = 10kΩ 1.5 to 6.0 6.0 IL+ = 10mA, IL- = 0mA, VCC = 5V, TA = +25°C 150 250 IL+ = 5mA, IL- = 0mA, VCC = 2.8V, TA = +25°C 180 300 IL+ = 10mA, IL- = 0mA, VCC = 5V 2.0 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C 325 -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C 350 -55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 400 IL- = 10mA, IL+ = 0mA, V+ = 10V, TA = +25°C 90 150 IL- = 5mA, IL+ = 0mA, V+ = 5.6V, TA = +25°C 110 175 IL- = 10mA, IL+ = 0mA, VCC = 10V Oscillator Frequency 0°C ≤ TA ≤ +70°C 200 -40°C ≤ TA ≤ +85°C 200 -55°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C 250 4 mA V Ω Ω 8 kHz 85 % Power Efficiency RL = 10kΩ Voltage-Conversion Efficiency V+, RL = ∞ 95 99 V+, RL = ∞ 90 97 www.maximintegrated.com UNITS % Maxim Integrated │  2 MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Typical Operating Characteristics (TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) ROUT+ |VOUT| (V) 8 100 V+ vs. IL+ IL- = 0 7 V+ vs. ILIL+ = 0 6 ROUT50 V- vs. ILIL+ = 0 5 0 3.0 2.0 5.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 RL = ∞ 0.5 0 4 6.0 MAX680/681 toc03 9 2.0 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) V- vs. IL+ IL- = 0 MAX680/681 toc02 200 5 0 15 10 2.0 20 3.0 5.0 4.0 VCC (V) LOAD CURRENT (mA) VCC (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT (FROM V+ TO V-) OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE vs. TEMPERATURE OUTPUT RIPPLE vs. OUTPUT CURRENT (IL+ OR IL-) 8 7 V+ 6 V- 5 C1–C4 = 10µF 4 0 1 2 3 VCC = 5V ROUT+ 150 100 ROUT- 50 0 4 5 6 7 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) www.maximintegrated.com 8 9 10 200 VCC = 5V MAX681 OUTPUT RIPPLE (mVp-p) 9 200 MAX680/681 toc05 MAX680, MAX681 OUTPUT SOURCE RESISTANCE (Ω) 10 MAX680/681 toc04 OUTPUT RESISTANCE (Ω) C1-C4 = 10µF |VOUT| (V) 10 MAX680/681 toc01 250 150 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT -25 0 25 50 75 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 V+ V+ 100 MAX680 C3, C4 = 10µF 50 MAX680 C3, C4 = 100µF 0 -50 V- V- 150 6.0 MAX681/681-TOC6 OUTPUT RESISTANCE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0 5 10 V+ AND V15 20 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) Maxim Integrated │  3 MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Detailed Description The MAX681 contains all circuitry needed to implement a dual charge pump. The MAX680 needs only four capacitors. These may be inexpensive electrolytic capacitors with values in the 1µF to 100µF range. The MAX681 contains two 1.5µF capacitors as C1 and C2, and two 2.2µF capacitors as C3 and C4. See Typical Operating Characteristics. VCC IN C1 4.7µF 1 2 C2 4.7µF 3 4 MAX680 C1- V+ C2+ C1+ C2- VCC V- GND 8 Figure 2a shows the idealized operation of the positive voltage converter. The on-chip oscillator generates a 50% duty-cycle clock signal. During the first half of the cycle, switches S2 and S4 are open, S1 and S3 are closed, and capacitor C1 is charged to the input voltage VCC. During the second half-cycle, S1 and S3 are open, S2 and S4 are closed, and C1 is translated upward by VCC volts. Assuming ideal switches and no load on C3, charge is transferred onto C3 from C1 such that the voltage on C3 will be 2VCC, generating the positive supply. V+ OUT 7 IL+ C3 10µF 6 RL+ 5 GND I LC4 10µF RLV- OUT Figure 2b shows the negative converter. The switches of the negative converter are out of phase from the positive converter. During the second half of the clock cycle, S6 and S8 are open and S5 and S7 are closed, charging C2 from V+ (pumped up to 2VCC by the positive charge pump) to GND. In the first half of the clock Figure 1. Test Circuit a) b) VCC S1 C1+ C3 C1 GND V+ S2 S3 S4 C1- V+ IL + VCC GND S5 RL+ C2+ S6 GND C2 S7 S8 C2- C4 IL - R L- V- 8kHz Figure 2. Idealized Voltage Quadrupler: a) Positive Charge Pump; b) Negative Charge Pump www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  4 MAX680/MAX681 cycle, S5 and S7 are open, S6 and S8 are closed, and the charge on C2 is transferred to C4, generating the negative supply. The eight switches are CMOS power MOSFETs. S1, S2, S4, and S5 are P-channel switches, while S3, S6, S7, and S8 are N-channel switches. Efficiency Considerations Theoretically, a charge-pump voltage multiplier can approach 100% efficiency under the following conditions: ●● The charge-pump switches have virtually no offset and extremely low on-resistance ●● Minimal power is consumed by the drive circuitry ●● The impedances of the reservoir and pump capacitors are negligible For the MAX680/MAX681, the energy loss per clock cycle is the sum of the energy loss in the positive and negative converters as below: +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Applications Positive and Negative Converter The most common application of the MAX680/MAX681 is as a dual charge-pump voltage converter that provides positive and negative outputs of two times a positive input voltage. For applications where PC board space is at a premium, the MAX681, with its capacitors internal to the package, offers the smallest footprint. The simple circuit shown in Figure 3 performs the same function using the MAX680 with external capacitors C1 and C3 for the positive pump and C2 and C4 for the negative pump. In most applications, all four capacitors are low-cost, 10µF or 22µF polarized electrolytics. When using the MAX680 for low-current applications, 1µF can be used for C1 and C2 charge-pump capacitors, and 4.7µF for C3 and C4 reservoir capacitors. C1 and C3 must be rated at 6V or greater, and C2 and C4 must be rated at 12V or greater. LOSSTOT = LOSSPOS + LOSSNEG = ½ C1 [(V+)2 – (V+)(VCC)] + ½ C2 [(V+)2 – (V-)2] There will be a substantial voltage difference between (V+ - VCC) and VCC for the positive pump, and between V+ and V-, if the impedances of pump capacitors C1 and C2 are high relative to their respective output loads. Larger C3 and C4 reservoir capacitor values reduce output ripple. Larger values of both pump and reservoir capacitors improve efficiency. C1 22µF 1 2 C2 22µF 3 4 MAX680 C1- V+ C2+ C1+ C2- VCC V- GND 8 7 6 www.maximintegrated.com C3 22µF VCC IN 5 Maximum Operating Limits The MAX680/MAX681 have on-chip zener diodes that clamp VCC to approximately 6.2V, V+ to 12.4V, and V- to -12.4V. Never exceed the maximum supply voltage: excessive current may be shunted by these diodes, potentially damaging the chip. The MAX680/MAX681 operate over the entire operating temperature range with an input voltage of +2V to +6V. V+ OUT GND C4 22µF V- OUT Figure 3. Positive and Negative Converter Maxim Integrated │  5 MAX680/MAX681 22µF 1 2 22µF 3 4 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters 22µF MAX680 C1C2+ C2V- V+ C1+ VCC GND 8 1 7 2 6 22µF 5 3 4 MAX680 C1- V+ C2+ C1+ C2- VCC V- GND 8 7 V+ OUT 22µF 6 VCC IN 5 GND 22µF V- OUT Figure 4. Paralleling MAX680s For Lower Source Resistance The MAX680/MAX681 are not voltage regulators: the output source resistance of either charge pump is approximately 150Ω at room temperature with VCC at 5V. Under light load with an input VCC of 5V, V+ will approach +10V and V- will be at -10V. However both, V+ and V- will droop toward GND as the current drawn from either V+ or Vincreases, since the negative converter draws its power from the positive converter’s output. To predict output voltages, treat the chips as two separate converters and analyze them separately. First, the droop of the negative supply (VDROP-) equals the current drawn from V- - (IL-) times the source resistance of the negative converter (RS-): VDROP - = IL- x RSLikewise, the positive supply droop (VDROP+) equals the current drawn from the positive supply (IL+) times the positive converter’s source resistance (RS+), except that the current drawn from the positive supply is the sum of the current drawn by the load on the positive supply (IL+) plus the current drawn by the negative converter (IL-): (VDROP+) = IL+ x RS+ = (IL+ + IL-) x RS+ www.maximintegrated.com The positive output voltage will be: V+ = 2VCC – VDROP+ The negative output voltage will be: V- = (V+ – VDROP) = - (2VCC – VDROP+ – VDROP-) The positive and negative charge pumps are tested and specified separately to provide the separate values of output source resistance for use in the above formulas. When the positive charge pump is tested, the negative charge pump is unloaded. When the negative charge pump is tested, the positive supply V+ is from an external source, isolating the negative charge pump. Calculate the ripple voltage on either output by noting that the current drawn from the output is supplied by the reservoir capacitor alone during one half-cycle of the clock. This results in a ripple of: VRIPPLE = ½ IOUT (1/fPUMP)(1/CR) For the nominal fPUMP of 8kHz with 10µF reservoir capacitors, the ripple will be 30mV with IOUT at 5mA. Remember that in most applications, the positive charge pump’s IOUT is the load current plus the current taken by the negative charge pump. Maxim Integrated │  6 MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Paralleling Devices Paralleling multiple MAX680/MAX681s reduces the output resistance of both the positive and negative converters. The effective output resistance is the output resistance of a single device divided by the number of devices. As Figure 4 shows, each MAX680 requires separate pump capacitors C1 and C2, but all can share a single set of reservoir capacitors. ±5V Regulated Supplies from a Single 3V Battery Figure 5 shows a complete ±5V power supply using one 3V battery. The MAX680/MAX681 provide +6V at V+, which is regulated to +5V by the MAX666, and -6V, which is regulated to -5V by the MAX664. The MAX666 and MAX664 are pretrimmed at wafer sort and require no external setting resistors, minimizing part count. The combined quiescent current of the MAX680/MAX681, MAX663, and MAX664 is less than 500µA, while the output current capability is 5mA. The MAX680/MAX681 input can vary from 3V to 6V without affecting regulation appreciably. With higher input voltage, more current can be drawn from the MAX680/MAX681 outputs. With 5V at VCC, 10mA can be drawn from both regulated outputs simultaneously. Assuming 150Ω source resistance for both converters, with (IL+ + IL-) = 20mA, the positive charge pump will droop 3V, providing +7V for the negative charge pump. The negative charge pump will droop another 1.5V due to its 10mA load, leaving -5.5V at Vsufficient to maintain regulation for the MAX664 at this current. LOW-BATTERY WARNING AT 3.5V LBI 100µF 6V TO 3V 100µF C1+ MAX666 2MΩ +12V TO +6V VCC 1.2MΩ MAX680 LBO SENSE 0.1µF VIN +5V VOUT GND SDN VSET 10µF V+ C1- 100µF GND C2+ VC2- GND 0.1µF GND SDN VSET 100µF 10µF MAX664 -12V TO -6V VIN VOUT1 VOUT2 -5V SENSE Figure 5. Regulated +5V and -5V from a Single Battery www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  7 MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Chip Topography C1- V+ C1+ C2+ 0.116" (2.95mm) VCC C2- V- GND 0.72" (1.83mm) www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  8 MAX680/MAX681 +5V to ±10V Voltage Converters Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. ©  2019 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │  9