MAX7326ATG+T

EVALUATION KIT AVAILABLE I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 General Description The MAX7326 2-wire serial-interfaced peripheral features 16 I/O ports. The ports are divided into 12 push-pull outputs and four input ports with selectable internal pullups. Input ports are overvoltage protected to +6V and feature transition detection with interrupt output. The four input ports are continuously monitored for state changes (transition detection). The interrupt is latched, allowing detection of transient changes. Any combination of inputs can be selected using the interrupt mask to assert the open-drain, +6V-tolerant INT output. When the MAX7326 is subsequently accessed through the serial interface, any pending interrupt is cleared. The 12 push-pull outputs are rated to sink 20mA and are capable of driving LEDs. The RST input clears the serial interace, terminating any I2C communication to or from the MAX7326. The MAX7326 uses two address inputs with four-level logic to allow 16 I2C slave addresses. The slave address also sets the power-up default state for the 12 output ports and enables or disables internal 40kΩ pullups in groups of two input ports. The MAX7326 is one device in a family of pin-compatible port expanders with a choice of input ports, open-drain I/O ports, and push-pull output ports (see Table 1). The MAX7326 is available in 24-pin QSOP and TQFN packages and is specified over the -40°C to +125°C automotive temperature range. Applications ●● Cell Phones ●● SAN/NAS ●● Servers ●● Notebooks ●● Satellite Radio O15 O14 O13 O12 O11 TOP VIEW AD0 Pin Configurations 18 17 16 15 14 13 SCL 19 12 O10 SDA 20 11 O9 V+ 21 RST 23 EXPOSED PAD AD2 24 + 1 2 O0 O1 3 4 5 6 I2 I3 I4 I5 9 GND 8 O7 7 O6 TQFN (4mm x 4mm) Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet. 19-3804; Rev 1; 5/14 ●● 400kHz I2C Serial Interface ●● +1.71V to +5.5V Operating Voltage ●● 12 Push-Pull Outputs Rated at 20mA Sink Current ●● 4 Input Ports with Matchable Latching Transition Detection ●● Input Ports are Overvoltage Protected to +6V ●● Transient Changes are Latched, Allowing Detection Between Read Operations ●● INT Output Alerts Change on Any Selection of Inputs ●● AD0 and AD2 Inputs Select from 16 Slave Addresses ●● Low 0.6µA Standby Current ●● -40°C to +125°C Temperature Range Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX7326AEG+ -40°C to +125°C 24 QSOP MAX7326ATG+ -40°C to +125°C 24 TQFN-EP* (4mm x 4mm) +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad. Selector Guide OPENPUSH-PULL DRAIN OUTPUTS OUTPUTS INPUTS INTERRUPT MASK MAX7324 8 Yes — 8 MAX7325 Up to 8 — Up to 8 8 MAX7326 4 Yes — 12 MAX7327 Up to 4 — Up to 4 12 PART 10 O8 MAX7326 INT 22 Features Typical Application Circuit and Functional Diagram appear at end of data sheet. I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Absolute Maximum Ratings (All voltages referenced to GND.) Supply Voltage V+....................................................-0.3V to +6V SCL, SDA, AD0, AD2, RST, INT, I2–I5....................-0.3V to +6V O0, O1, O6–O15........................................ -0.3V to V+ + 0.3V O0, O1, O6–O15 Output Current..................................?25mA SDA Sink Current............................................................... 10mA INT Sink Current.................................................................10mA Total V+ Current..................................................................50mA Total GND Current ............................................................100mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 24-Pin QSOP (derate 9.5mW/°C over +70°C)..........761.9mW 24-Pin TQFN (derate 20.8mW/°C over +70°C).......1666.7mW Operating Temperature Range.......................... -40°C to +125°C Junction Temperature.......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Electrical Characteristics (V+ = +1.71V to +5.5V, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V+ = +3.3V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN UNITS 5.50 V Power-On-Reset Voltage VPOR V+ falling 1.6 V Standby Current (Interface Idle) ISTB SCL and SDA and other digital inputs at V+ 0.6 1.9 µA fSCL = 400kHz, other digital inputs at V+ 23 55 µA I+ Input High-Voltage SDA, SCL, AD0, AD2, RST, I2–I5 VIH Input Low-Voltage SDA, SCL, AD0, AD2, RST, I2–I5 VIL Input Leakage Current SDA, SCL, AD0, AD2, RST, I2–I5 IIH, IIL 1.71 MAX V+ Supply Current (Interface Running) TA = -40°C to +125°C TYP Operating Supply Voltage V+ < 1.8V 0.8 x V+ V+ ≥ 1.8V 0.7 x V+ V+ < 1.8V 0.2 x V+ V+ ≥ 1.8V 0.3 x V+ SDA, SCL, AD0, AD2, RST, I2–I5 at V+ or GND -0.2 Input Capacitance SDA, SCL, AD0, AD2, RST, I2–I5 V+ = +2.5V, ISINK = 10mA VOL V+ = +3.3V, ISINK = 15mA V+ = +5V, ISINK = 20mA Output High-Voltage O0, O1, O6–O15 VOH 180 TQFN 90 230 QSOP 110 210 TQFN 110 260 QSOP 130 230 TQFN 130 280 QSOP 140 250 140 300 V+ - 30 V+ = +2.5V, ISOURCE = 5mA V+ - 360 V+ - 30 V+ = +3.3V, ISOURCE = 5mA V+ - 260 V+ - 30 V+ = +5V, ISOURCE = 10mA V+ - 360 V+ - 30 VOLSDA ISINK = 6mA VOLINT ISINK = 5mA www.maximintegrated.com 90 V+ - 250 Output Low-Voltage INT RPU QSOP TQFN 25 V µA pF V+ = +1.71V, ISOURCE = 2mA Output Low-Voltage SDA Port Input Pullup Resistor +0.2 10 V+ = +1.71V, ISINK = 5mA Output Low-Voltage O0, O1, O6–O15 V mV mV 250 mV 130 250 mV 40 55 kW Maxim Integrated │  2 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Port and Interrupt INT Timing Characteristics (V+ = +1.71V to +5.5V, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V+ = +3.3V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 4 µs Port Output Data Valid tPPV CL ≤ 100pF Port Input Setup Time tPSU CL ≤ 100pF 0 µs Port Input Hold Time tPH CL ≤ 100pF 4 µs INT Input Data Valid Time tIV CL ≤ 100pF 4 µs INT Reset Delay Time from STOP tIP CL ≤ 100pF 4 µs INT Reset Delay Time from Acknowledge tIR CL ≤ 100pF 4 µs Timing Characteristics (V+ = +1.71V to +5.5V, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V+ = +3.3V, TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Serial Clock Frequency SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP fSCL MAX UNITS 400 kHz Bus Free Time Between a STOP and a START Condition Hold Time (Repeated) START Condition Repeated START Condition Setup Time tBUF 1.3 µs tHD,STA 0.6 µs tSU,STA 0.6 µs STOP Condition Setup Time tSU,STO 0.6 µs Data Hold Time tHD,DAT Data Setup Time tSU,DAT 100 ns SCL Clock Low Period tLOW 1.3 µs SCL Clock High Period tHIGH 0.7 Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, Receiving Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, Receiving Fall Time of SDA Transmitting Pulse Width of Spike Suppressed Capacitive Load for Each Bus Line RST Pulse Width RST Rising to START Condition Setup Time (Note 2) tR (Notes 3, 4) tF (Notes 3, 4) tF,TX (Notes 3, 4) tSP (Note 5) Cb (Note 3) 0.9 µs µs 20 + 0.1Cb 20 + 0.1Cb 20 + 0.1Cb 300 ns 300 ns 250 ns 50 ns 400 pF tW 500 ns tRST 1 µs Note 1: All parameters are tested at TA = +25°C. Specifications over temperature are guaranteed by design. Note 2: A master device must provide a hold time of at least 300ns for the SDA signal (referred to VIL of the SCL signal) to bridge the undefined region of SCL’s falling edge. Note 3: Guaranteed by design. Note 4: Cb = total capacitance of one bus line in pF. ISINK ≤ 6mA. tR and tF measured between 0.3 x V+ and 0.7 x V+. Note 5: Input filters on the SDA and SCL inputs suppress noise spikes less than 50ns. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  3 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Typical Operating Characteristics (TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 1.4 1.2 V+ = +5.0V 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.25 0.20 0.15 0 30 V+ = +3.3V ISINK = 15mA V+ = +2.5V ISINK = 10mA V+ = +5.0V ISINK = 20mA V+ = +1.71V ISINK = 5mA V+ = +1.62V ISINK = 4mA MAX7326 toc02 V+ = +3.3V 20 0 OUTPUT-VOLTAGE LOW vs. TEMPERATURE 0.10 0.05 40 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) MAX7326 toc03 0 V+ = +5.0V V+ = +2.5V V+ = +1.71V 10 V+ = +1.71V 0.2 OUTPUT-VOLTAGE LOW (V) V+ = +3.3V V+ = +2.5V fSCL = 400kHz 50 6 OUTPUT-VOLTAGE HIGH (V) STANDBY CURRENT (A) 1.6 60 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) fSCL = 0kHz 1.8 MAX7326 toc01 2.0 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) OUTPUT-VOLTAGE HIGH vs. TEMPERATURE V+ = +5.0V ISOURCE = 10mA 5 4 3 2 MAX7326 toc04 STANDBY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE V+ = +3.3V ISOURCE = 5mA V+ = +2.5V, ISOURCE = 5mA V+ = +1.71V, ISOURCE = 2mA 1 0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 TEMPERATURE (°C) Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION QSOP TQFN 1 22 INT Interrupt Output, Active Low. INT is an open-drain output. 2 23 RST 3, 21 24, 18 AD2, AD0 Reset Input, Active Low. Drive RST low to clear the 2-wire interface. Address Inputs. Select device slave address with AD0 and AD2. Connect AD0 and AD2 To either GND, V+, SCL, or SDA to give four logic combinations (see Tables 2 and 3). 4, 5, 10, 1, 2, 7, 8, 11, 13–20 10–17 6–9 3–6 O0, O1, O6–O15 I2–I5 Output Ports. These push-pull outputs are rated at 20mA. Input Ports. I2 and I5 are CMOS-logic inputs protected to +6V. 12 9 GND Ground 22 19 SCL I2C-Compatible Serial-Clock Input 23 20 SDA I2C-Compatible Serial-Data I/O 24 21 V+ Positive Supply Voltage. Bypass V+ to GND with a 0.047µF ceramic capacitor. — EP EP Exposed Pad. Connect EP to GND. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  4 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Detailed Description sink a total of 100mA and source a total of 50mA from all 12 combined outputs. MAX7319–MAX7329 Family Comparison The MAX7324–MAX7327 family consists of four pincompatible, 16-port expanders that integrate the functions of the MAX7320 and one of either the MAX7319, MAX7321, MAX7322, or MAX7323. Functional Overview The MAX7326 is a general-purpose port expander operating from a +1.71V to +5.5V supply that provides 12 push-pull output ports with 20mA sink, 10mA source drive capability, and four CMOS input ports that are overvoltage protected to +6V. The MAX7326 is rated to The MAX7326 is set to two of 32 I2C slave addresses (see Tables 2 and 3) using address inputs AD0 and AD2, and is accessed over an I2C serial interface up to 400kHz. Eight outputs use a different slave address from the other four outputs and four inputs. Eight push-pull outputs (O8– O15) use the 101xxxx addresses while the four outputs (O0, O1, O6, and O7) and inputs (I2–I5) use addresses with 110xxxx. The RST input clears the serial interface in case of a bus lockup, terminating any serial transaction to or from the MAX7326. Table 1. MAX7319–MAX7329 Family Comparison PART I2C INPUT SLAVE INPUTS INTERRUPT ADDRESS MASK OPENDRAIN OUTPUTS PUSHPULL OUTPUTS CONFIGURATION 16-PORT EXPANDERS 8 inputs and 8 push-pull outputs version: 8 input ports with programmable latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. MAX7324 8 Yes — 8 8 push-pull outputs with selectable default logic levels. Offers maximum versatility for automatic input monitoring. An interrupt mask selects which inputs cause an interrupt on transitions, and transition flags identify which inputs have changed (even if only for a transient) since the ports were last read. 101xxxx And 110xxxx 8 I/O and 8 push-pull outputs version: 8 open-drain I/O ports with latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. 8 push-pull outputs with selectable default logic levels. MAX7325 Up to 8 — Up to 8 8 Open-drain outputs can level shift the logic-high state to a higher or lower voltage than V+ using external pullup resistors, but pullups draw current when output is low. Any open-drain port can be used as an input by setting the open-drain output to logic-high. Transition flags identify which open-drain port inputs have changed (even if only for a transient) since the ports were last read. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  5 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Table 1. MAX7319–MAX7329 Family Comparison (continued) PART INPUT I2C SLAVE INPUTS INTERRUPT ADDRESS MASK OPENDRAIN OUTPUTS PUSHPULL OUTPUTS CONFIGURATION 4 input-only, 12 push-pull output versions: 4 input ports with programmable latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. MAX7326 4 Yes — 12 12 push-pull outputs with selectable default logic levels. Offers maximum versatility for automatic input monitoring. An interrupt mask selects which inputs cause an interrupt on transitions, and transition flags identify which inputs have changed (even if only for a transient) since the ports were last read. 101xxxx and 110xxxx 4 I/O, 12 push-pull output versions: 4 open-drain I/O ports with latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. 12 push-pull outputs with selectable default logic levels. MAX7327 Up to 4 — Up to 4 12 Open-drain outputs can level shift the logic-high state to a higher or lower voltage than V+ using external pullup resistors, but pullups draw current when output is low. Any open-drain port can be used as an input by setting the open-drain output to logichigh. Transition flags identify which open-drain port inputs have changed (even if only for a transient) since the ports were last read. 8-PORT EXPANDERS MAX7319 110xxxx 8 Yes — — Input-only versions: 8 input ports with programmable latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. MAX7320 101xxxx — — — 8 Output-only versions: 8 push-pull outputs with selectable power-up default levels. MAX7321 110xxxx Up to 8 — Up to 8 — I/O versions: 8 open-drain I/O ports with latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. 4 input-only, 4 output-only versions: MAX7322 110xxxx 4 Yes — 4 4 input ports with programmable latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. 4 push-pull outputs with selectable power-up default levels. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  6 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Table 1. MAX7319–MAX7329 Family Comparison (continued) PART I2C INPUT SLAVE INPUTS INTERRUPT ADDRESS MASK OPENDRAIN OUTPUTS PUSHPULL OUTPUTS CONFIGURATION 4 I/O, 4 output-only versions: MAX7323 110xxxx Up to 4 — Up to 4 4 4 open-drain I/O ports with latching transition detection interrupt and selectable pullups. 4 push-pull outputs with selectable power-up default levels. MAX7328 MAX7329 0100xxx 0111xxx Up to 8 — Up to 8 When the MAX7326 is read through the serial interface, the actual logic levels at the ports are read back. The four input ports offer latching transition detection functionality. All input ports are continuously monitored for changes. An input change sets 1 of 4 flag bits that identify the changed input(s). All flags are cleared upon a subsequent read or write transaction to the MAX7326. A latching interrupt output (INT) is programmed to flag input data changes on the four input ports through an interrupt mask register. By default, data changes on any input port force INT to a logic-low. Interrupt output INT and all transition flags are deasserted when the MAX7326 is next accessed through the serial interface. Internal pullup resistors to V+ are selected by the address select inputs (AD0 and AD2). Pullups are enabled on the input ports in groups of two (see Table 2). Initial Power-Up On power-up, the transition detection logic is reset, and INT is deasserted. The interrupt mask register is set to 0x3C, enabling the interrupt output for transitions on all four input ports. The transition flags are cleared to indicate no data changes. The power-up default states of the 12 push-pull outputs are set according to the I2C slave address selection inputs, AD0 and AD2 (see Tables 2 and 3). Pullups are enabled on the input port in groups of two (see Table 2). Power-On Reset (POR) The MAX7326 contains an integral POR circuit that ensures all registers are reset to a known state on power-up. When V+ rises above VPOR (1.6V max), the POR circuit releases the registers and 2-wire interface for normal operation. When V+ drops below VPOR, the MAX7326 resets all output register contents to the POR defaults (Tables 2 and 3). www.maximintegrated.com — 8 open-drain I/O ports with nonlatching transition detection interrupt and pullups on all ports. RST Input The active-low RST input operates as a reset that voids any I2C transaction involving the MAX7326 and forcing the MAX7326 into the I2C STOP condition. The reset action does not clear the interrupt output (INT). Standby Mode When the serial interface is idle, the MAX7326 automatically enters standby mode, drawing minimal supply current. Slave Address, Power-Up Default Logic Levels, and Input Pullup Selection Address inputs AD0 and AD2 determine the MAX7326 slave address and select which inputs have pullup resistors. Pullups are enabled on the input ports in groups of two (see Table 2). The MAX7326 slave address is determined on each I2C transmission, regardless of whether the transmission is actually addressing the MAX7326. The MAX7326 distinguishes whether address inputs AD0 and AD2 are connected to SDA or SCL instead of fixed logic levels V+ or GND during this transmission. This means that the MAX7326 slave address can be configured dynamically in the application without cycling the device supply. On initial power-up, the MAX7326 cannot decode address inputs AD0 and AD2 fully until the first I2C transmission. This is important because the address selection is used to determine the power-up logic state (output low or I/O high), and whether pullups are enabled. However, at power-up, the I2C SDA and SCL bus interface lines are high impedance at the pins of every device (master or slave) connected to the bus, including the MAX7326. This is guaranteed as part of the I2C specification. Therefore, when address inputs AD0 and AD2 are connected to SDA or SCL during power-up, they appear to be connected to V+. The port Maxim Integrated │  7 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Table 2. MAX7326 Address Map for Ports O0, O1, I2–I5, O6, and O7 PORT POWER-UP DEFAULT O7 O6 I5 I4 I3 I2 O1 40kW INPUT PULLUPS ENABLED AD2 AD0 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 O0 O7 O6 I5 I4 I3 I2 SCL GND 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 SCL V+ 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 Y Y — — 1 Y Y Y Y SCL SCL 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 SCL SDA 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y SDA GND 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 Y Y — — SDA V+ 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 SDA SCL 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 1 1 0 0 SDA SDA 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 GND GND 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 GND V+ 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 GND SCL 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 GND SDA 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 V+ GND 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 V+ V+ 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 V+ SCL 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 V+ SDA 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 selection logic uses AD0 to select whether pullups are enabled for ports I2 and I3, and to set the initial logic level for those ports, and AD2 for ports I4 and I5. The rule is that a logic-high, SDA, or SCL connection selects the pullups and sets the default logic state to high. A logic-low sets the default to low (Tables 2 and 3). This means that the port configuration is correct on power-up for a standard I2C configuration, where SDA or SCL are pulled up to V+ by the external I2C pullup resistors. The power-up default states of the 12 push-pull outputs are set according to the I2C slave address selection inputs, AD0 and AD2 (Tables 2 and 3). There are circumstances where the assumption that SDA = SCL = V+ on power-up is not true—for example, in applications in which there is legitimate bus activity during power-up. Also, if SDA and SCL are terminated with pullup resistors to a different supply voltage than the MAX7326’s supply voltage, and if that pullup supply rises later than the MAX7326’s supply, then SDA or SCL may appear at power-up to be connected to GND. In applications like this, use the four address combinations that are selected by strapping address inputs AD0 and AD2 to V+ or ground (shown in bold in Tables 2 and 3). These selections are guaranteed to be correct at power-up, independent of SDA and SCL behavior. If one of the www.maximintegrated.com Inputs Y Y Y Y — — — — — — Y Y — — Y Y — — Y Y Y Y — — Y Y Y Y 1 Y Y Y Y 1 Y Y Y Y O1 O0 Pullups are not enabled for push-pull outputs. DEVICE ADDRESS Pullups are not enabled for push-pull outputs. PIN CONNECTION other 12 address combinations is used, an unexpected combination of pullups might be asserted until the first I2C transmission (to any device, not necessarily the MAX7326) is put on the bus, and an unexpected combination of ports may initialize as logic-low outputs instead of inputs or logic-high outputs. Port Inputs Port inputs switch at CMOS-logic levels as determined by the expander’s supply voltage, and are overvoltage tolerant to +6V, independent of the expander’s supply voltage. Port-Input Transition Detection All four input ports are monitored for changes since the expander was last accessed through the serial interface. The state of the input ports is stored in an internal “snapshot” register for transition monitoring. The snapshot is continuously compared with the actual input conditions, and if a change is detected for any port input, then an internal transition flag is set for that port. The four port inputs are sampled (internally latched into the snapshot register) and the old transition flags are cleared during the I2C acknowledge of every MAX7326 read and write access. The previous port transition flags are read through the serial interface as the second byte of a 2-byte read sequence. Maxim Integrated │  8 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Table 3. MAX7326 Address Map for Outputs O8–O15 PIN CONNECTION DEVICE ADDRESS OUTPUTS POWER-UP DEFAULT AD2 AD0 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 O15 O14 O13 O12 O11 O10 O9 O8 SCL GND 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 SCL V+ 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SCL SCL 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SCL SDA 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SDA GND 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 SDA V+ 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SDA SCL 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SDA SDA 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 GND GND 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 GND V+ 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 GND SCL 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 GND SDA 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 V+ GND 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 V+ V+ 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 V+ SCL 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 V+ SDA 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A long read sequence (more than 2 bytes) can be used to poll the expander continuously without the overhead of resending the slave address. If more than 2 bytes are read from the expander, the expander repeatedly returns the 2 bytes of input port data followed by the transition flags. The inputs are repeatedly resampled and the transition flags repeatedly reset for each pair of bytes read. All changes that occur during a long read sequence are detected and reported. The MAX7326 includes a 4-bit interrupt mask register that selects which inputs generate an interrupt upon change. Each input’s transition flag is set when its input changes, independent of the interrupt mask register settings. The interrupt mask register allows the processor to be interrupted for critical events, while the inputs and the transition flags can be polled periodically to detect less-critical events. The INT output is not reasserted during a read sequence to avoid recursive reentry into an interrupt service routine. Instead, if a data change occurs that would normally cause the INT output to be set, the INT assertion is delayed until the STOP condition. INT is not www.maximintegrated.com reasserted upon a STOP condition if the changed input data is read before the STOP occurs. The INT logic ensures that unnecessary interrupts are not asserted, yet data changes are detected and reported no matter when the change occurs. Transition-Detection Masks The transition-detection logic incorporates a change flag and an interrupt mask bit for each of the four input ports. The four change flags can be read through the serial interface, and the 4-bit interrupt mask is set through the serial interface. Each port’s change flag is set when that port’s input changes, and the change flag remains set even if the input returns to its original state. The port’s interrupt mask determines whether a change on that input port generates an interrupt. Enable interrupts for high-priority inputs using the interrupt mask. The interrupt allows the system to respond quickly to changes on these inputs. Poll the MAX7326 periodically to monitor less-important inputs. The change flags indicate whether a permanent or transient change has occurred on any input since the MAX7326 was last accessed. Maxim Integrated │  9 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Serial Interface Serial Addressing The MAX7326 operates as a slave that sends and receives data through an I2C interface. The interface uses a serial-data line (SDA) and a serial-clock line (SCL) to achieve bidirectional communication between master(s) and slave(s). The master initiates all data transfers to and from the MAX7326 and generates the SCL clock that synchronizes the data transfer (Figure 1). SDA operates as both an input and an open-drain output. A pullup resistor, typically 4.7kΩ, is required on SDA. SCL operates only as an input. A pullup resistor, typically 4.7kΩ, is required on SCL if there are multiple masters on the 2-wire interface, or if the master in a single-master system has an open-drain SCL output. Each transmission consists of a START condition sent by a master, followed by the MAX7326’s 7-bit slave addresses plus R/W bits, 1 or more data bytes, and finally a STOP condition (Figure 2). Start and Stop Conditions Both SCL and SDA remain high when the interface is not busy. A master signals the beginning of a transmission with a START (S) condition by transitioning SDA from high to low while SCL is high. When the master has finished communicating with the slave, the master issues a STOP (P) condition by transitioning SDA from low to high while SCL is high. The bus is then free for another transmission (Figure 2). Bit Transfer One data bit is transferred during each clock pulse. The data on SDA must remain stable while SCL is high (Figure 3). SDA tSU,STA tSU,DAT tLOW tHD,DAT tBUF tHD,STA tSU,STO tHIGH SCL tHD,STA tR tF START CONDITION REPEATED START CONDITION STOP CONDITION START CONDITION Figure 1. 2-Wire Serial-Interface Timing Details SDA SDA SCL S P START CONDITION STOP CONDITION Figure 2. Start and Stop Conditions www.maximintegrated.com SCL DATA LINE STABLE; CHANGE OF DATA DATA VALID ALLOWED Figure 3. Bit Transfer Maxim Integrated │  10 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Acknowledge I2–I5, O6, and O7) or 1, 0, and 1 (O8–O15). Connect AD0 and AD2 to GND, V+, SDA, or SCL to select slave address bits A3, A2, A1, and A0. The MAX7326 has 16 possible slave addresses (Tables 2 and 3), allowing up to 16 MAX7326 devices on an I2C bus. The acknowledge bit is a clocked 9th bit the recipient uses to acknowledge receipt of each byte of data (Figure 4). Each byte transferred effectively requires 9 bits. The master generates the 9th clock pulse, and the recipient pulls down SDA during the acknowledge clock pulse, so the SDA line is stable low during the high period of the clock pulse. When the master is transmitting to the MAX7326, the MAX7326 generates the acknowledge bit because the device is the recipient. When the MAX7326 is transmitting to the master, the master generates the acknowledge bit because the master is the recipient. Accessing the MAX7326 The MAX7326 is accessed though an I2C interface. The MAX7326 provides two different 7-bit slave addresses for either the group A of eight ports (O0, O1, I2–I5, O6, O7) or the group B of eight ports (O8–O15). See Tables 2 and 3. A single-byte read from the group A ports of the MAX7326 returns the status of the four input ports and four output ports (read back as inputs), and clears both the internal transition flags and the INT output when the master acknowledges the salve address byte. A single-byte read from the group B ports of the MAX7326 returns the status of the eight output ports, read back as inputs. Slave Address The MAX7326 has two different 7-bit slave addresses (Figure 5). The addresses are different to communicate to the eight push-pull outputs (O8–O15) or the other eight I/Os. The 8th bit following the 7-bit slave address is the R/W bit. It is low for a write command and high for a read command. A 2-byte read from the group A ports of the MAX7326 returns the status of the four input ports (as for a single-byte read), followed by the four transition flags for the four input ports and four output ports. The internal transition flags and the INT output are cleared when the master acknowledges the slave address byte, but the previous transition flag data is sent as the second byte. A 2-byte read from the group B ports of the MAX7326 repeatedly returns the status of the eight output ports, read back as inputs. The first (A6), second (A5), and third (A4) bits of the MAX7326 slave address are always 1, 1, and 0 (O0, O1, CLOCK PULSE FOR ACKNOWLEDGMENT START CONDITION SCL 1 2 8 9 SDA BY TRANSMITTER SDA BY RECEIVER A multibyte read (more than 2 bytes before the I2C STOP bit) from the group A ports of the MAX7326 repeatedly returns the port data, followed by the transition flags. As the data is resampled for each transmission, and the transition flags are reset each time, a multibyte read continuously returns the current data and identifies any changing input ports. S Figure 4. Acknowledge SDA 1 MSB A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 R/W ACK LSB SCL Figure 5. Slave Address www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  11 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Reading from the MAX7326 If a port input data change occurs during the read sequence, then INT is reasserted during the I2C STOP bit. The MAX7326 does not generate another interrupt during a single-byte or multibyte read. A read from the group A ports of the MAX7326 starts with the master transmitting the port group’s slave address with the R/W bit set to high. The MAX7326 acknowledges the slave address and samples the ports (takes a snapshot) during the acknowledge bit. INT goes high (high impedance if an external pullup resistor is not fitted) during the slave address acknowledge. The master can then issue a STOP condition after the acknowledge (Figure 6). The snapshot is not taken, and the INT status remains unchanged if the master terminates the serial transaction with no acknowledge. Input port data is sampled during the preceding I2C acknowledge bit (the acknowledge bit for the I2C slave address in the case of a single-byte or 2-byte read). A multibyte read (more than 2 bytes before the I2C STOP bit) from the group B ports of the MAX7326 repeatedly returns the status of the eight output ports, read back as inputs. A single-byte write to the group A ports of the MAX7326 sets the logic state of the four I/O ports and the 4-bit interrupt mask register and clears both the internal transition flags and INT output when the master acknowledges the slave address byte. Typically, the master reads 1 or 2 bytes from the MAX7326 with each byte being acknowledged by the master upon reception. The master can read one byte from the group A ports of the MAX7326 and issue a STOP condition (Figure 6). In this case, the MAX7326 transmits the current port data, clears the transition flags, and resets the transition detection. INT goes high (high impedance if an external pullup resistor is not fitted) during the slave address acknowledge. The new snapshot data is the current port data transmitted to the master, and therefore, port changes occuring during the transmission are detected. INT remains high until the STOP condition. A single-byte write to the output ports of the MAX7326 sets the logic state of all eight ports. A multibyte write to the group A ports of the MAX7326 repeatedly sets the logic state of the four I/O ports and interrupt mask register. A multibyte write to the group B ports of the MAX7326 repeatedly sets the logic state of all eight ports. ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX7326 S MAX7326 SLAVE ADDRESS 1 O7 A D7 R/W O6 D6 I5 D5 PORT SNAPSHOT I4 D4 I3 D3 I2 D2 O1 D1 O0 D0 ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MASTER A P PORT SNAPSHOT SCL tPH PORTS tIV tPS tIR INT OUTPUT tIP INT REMAINS HIGH UNTIL STOP CONDITION S = START CONDITION P = STOP CONDITION A = ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MASTER Figure 6. Reading Group A Ports of the MAX7326 (1 Data Byte) www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  12 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 The master can read 2 bytes from the group A ports of the MAX7326 and then issue a STOP condition (Figure 7). In this case, the MAX7326 transmits the current port data, followed by the transition flags. The transition flags are then cleared, and transition detection restarts. INT goes high (high impedance if an external pullup resistor is not fitted) during the slave acknowledge. The new snapshot data is the current port data transmitted to the master, and therefore, port transitions occuring during the transmission are detected. INT remains high until the STOP condition. MAX7326, and then issue a STOP condition (Figure 8). The MAX7326 transmits the current port data, read back from the actual port outputs (not the port output latches) during the acknowledge bit. If a port is forced to a logic state other than its programmed state, the readback reflects this. If driving a capacitive load, the readback port level verification algorithms may need to take the RC rise/ fall time into account. Typically, the master reads one byte from the group B ports of the MAX7326, then issues a STOP condition (Figure 8). However, the master can read two or more bytes from the output ports of the MAX7326, and then issue a STOP condition. In this case, the MAX7326 resamples the port outputs during each acknowledge and transmits the new data each time. A read from the group B ports of the MAX7326 starts with the master transmitting the group’s slave address with the R/W bit set high. The MAX7326 acknowledges the slave address and samples the logic state of the output ports during the acknowledge bit. The master can read one or more bytes from the output ports of the ACKNOWLEDGE O7 O6 FROM MAX7326 S MAX7326 SLAVE ADDRESS 1 A D7 I5 D6 D5 I4 D4 PORT SNAPSHOT R/W I3 D3 O1 I2 D2 O0 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 F7 D1 D0 A FLAG ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MASTER F0 A P PORT SNAPSHOT PORT SNAPSHOT SCL tPH PORTS tIV tIR INT OUTPUT tPS tIP INT REMAINS HIGH UNTIL STOP CONDITION S = START CONDITION P = STOP CONDITION A = ACKNOWLEDGE Figure 7. Reading Group A Ports of the MAX7326 (2 Data Bytes) S = START CONDITION P = STOP CONDITION A = ACKNOWLEDGE S P7 PORT SNAPSHOT DATA P6 P5 P4 P3 DATA 1 P2 P1 P0 ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MAX7326 MAX7326 SLAVE ADDRESS 1 R/W A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PORT SNAPSHOT TAKENPORT SNAPSHOT TAKEN A P ACKNOWLEDGE FROM MASTER SCL Figure 8. Reading Group B Ports of the MAX7326 www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  13 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Writing to the MAX7326 A write to the group A ports of the MAX7326 starts with the master transmitting the group’s slave address with the R/W bit set low. The MAX7326 acknowledges the slave address and samples the ports during the acknowledge. INT goes high (high impedance if an external pullup resistor is not fitted) during the slave address acknowledge. The master can then issue a STOP condition after the acknowledge (Figure 6), but typically the master proceeds to transmit one or more bytes of data. The MAX7326 acknowledges these subsequent bytes of data and updates the four output ports and the 4-bit interrupt mask register with each new byte until the master issues a STOP condition (Figure 9). 1 SCL 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 DATA TO INTERRUPT MASK SLAVE ADDRESS S SDA A write to the group B ports of the MAX7326 starts with the master transmitting the group’s slave address with the R/W bit set low. The MAX7326 acknowledges the slave address and samples the ports during the acknowledge bit. The master can now transmit one or more bytes of data. The MAX7326 acknowledges these subsequent bytes of data and updates the corresponding group’s ports with each new byte until the master issues a STOP condition (Figure 10). 0 START CONDITION DATA 1 A DATA TO INTERRUPT MASK DATA 2 A A R/W tPV tPV Figure 9. Writing to the Group A Ports of the MAX7326 1 SCL 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 DATA TO PORT SLAVE ADDRESS S SDA START CONDITION 0 A DATA TO PORT DATA 1 A DATA 2 A ACKNOWLEDGE FROM SLAVE R/W ACKNOWLEDGE FROM SLAVE ACKNOWLEDGE FROM SLAVE WRITE TO PORT DATA OUT FROM PORT DATA 1 VALID tPV DATA 2 VALID tPV Figure 10. Writing to the Group B Ports of the MAX7326 www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  14 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Applications Information Port Input and I2C Interface Level Translation from Higher or Lower Logic Voltages The MAX7326’s SDA, SCL, AD0, AD2, RST, INT, and I2–I5 are overvoltage protected to +6V, independent of V+. This allows the MAX7326 to operate from a lower supply voltage, such as +3.3V, while the I2C interface and/or any of the four input ports are driven from a higher logic level, such as +5V. The MAX7326 can operate from a higher supply voltage, such as +3V, while the I2C interface and/or some of the four input ports (I2–I5) are driven from a lower logic level, such as +2.5V. For V+ < 1.8V, apply a minimum voltage of 0.8 x V+ to assert a logic-high on any input. For V+ ≥ 1.8V, apply a voltage of 0.7 x V+ to assert a logic-high. For example, a MAX7326 operating from a +5V supply may not recognize a +3.3V nominal logic-high. One solution for input-level translation is to drive the MAX7326 inputs from open-drain outputs. Use a pullup resistor to V+ or a higher supply to ensure a high logic voltage of greater than 0.7 x V+. Port Output Signal-Level Translation Each of the push-pull output ports (O0, O1, and O6–O15) has protection diodes to V+ and GND (Figure 11). When a port output is driven to a voltage higher MAX7326 V+ than V+ or below GND, the appropriate protection diode clamps the output to a diode drop above V+ or below GND. Do not overvolt output ports O0, O1, and O6–O15. When the MAX7326 is powered down (V+ = 0), each output port appears as a diode clamp to GND (Figure 11). Each of the four input ports ((I2–I5) has a protection diode to GND (Figure 12). When a port input is driven to a voltage lower than GND, the protection diode clamps the output to a diode drop below GND. Each of the four input ports (I2–I5) also has a 40kΩ (typ) pullup resistor that can be enabled or disabled. When a port input is driven to a voltage higher than V+, the body diode of the pullup enable switch conducts and the 40kΩ pullup resistor is enabled. When the MAX7326 is powered down (V+ = 0), each input port appears as a 40kΩ resistor in series with a diode connected to zero. Input ports are protected to +6V under any of these circumstances (Figure 12). Driving LED Loads When driving LEDs from one of the 12 output ports (O0, O1, or O6–O15), a resistor must be fitted in series with the LED to limit the LED current to no more than 20mA. Connect the LED cathode to the MAX7326 port, and the LED anode to V+ through the series current-limiting resistor (RLED). Set the port output low to light the LED. V+ V+ PULLUP ENABLE V+ MAX7326 40kΩ O0, O1, O6–O15 I2–I5 INPUT OUTPUT Figure 11. MAX7326 Push-Pull Output Port Structure www.maximintegrated.com Figure 12. MAX7326 Input Port Structure Maxim Integrated │  15 MAX7326 Choose the resistor value according to the following formula: RLED = (VSUPPLY - VLED - VOL)/ILED where: RLED is the resistance of the resistor in series with the LED (Ω). VSUPPLY is the supply voltage used to drive the LED (V). VLED is the forward voltage of the LED (V). VOL is the output low voltage of the MAX7326 when sinking ILED (V). ILED is the desired operating current of the LED (A). For example, to operate a 2.2V red LED at 10mA from a +5V supply: RLED = (5 - 2.2 - 0.1)/0.01 = 270Ω I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs Driving Load Currents Higher than 20mA The MAX7326 can be used to drive loads such as relays that draw more than 20mA by paralleling outputs. Use at least one output per 20mA of load current (for example, a 5V, 330mW relay draws 66mA and therefore requires four paralleled outputs). Any combination of outputs can be used as part of a load-sharing design, because any combination of ports can be set or cleared at the same time by writing to the MAX7326. Do not exceed a total sink current of 100mA for the device. The MAX7326 must be protected from the negative-voltage transient generated when switching off inductive loads (such as relays) by connecting a reversebiased diode across the inductive load. Choose the peak current for the diode to be greater than the inductive load’s operating current. Power-Supply Considerations The MAX7326 operates with a supply voltage of +1.71V to +5.5V over the -40°C to +125°C temperature range. Bypass the supply to GND with a ceramic capacitor of at least 0.047µF as close as possible to the device. For the TQFN version, additionally connect the exposed pad to GND. www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  16 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Functional Diagram Typical Application Circuit 3.3V AD0 AD2 SCL SDA I2 C INPUT FILTER I/O PORTS CONTROL O15 O14 O13 O12 O11 O10 O9 O8 O7 O6 I5 I4 I3 I2 O1 O0 V+ µC SCL SCL SDA RST SDA RST INT INT O15 O14 O13 O12 O11 O10 O9 O8 MAX7326 O7 O6 I5 I4 I3 I2 O1 O0 INT RST POWERON RESET N MAX7326 AD0 AD2 GND GND Pin Configurations (continued) OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS TOP VIEW INT 1 + 24 V+ 23 SDA RST 2 AD2 3 O0 4 MAX7326 22 SCL 21 AD0 O1 5 20 O15 I2 6 19 O14 I3 7 18 O13 I4 8 17 O12 I5 9 16 O11 O6 10 15 O10 O7 11 14 O9 GND 12 13 O8 Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE LAND PATTERN OUTLINE NO. CODE NO. 24 QSOP E24+1 21-0055 90-0172 24 TQFN T2444+3 21-0139 90-0022 QSOP www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │  17 I2C Port Expander with 12 Push-Pull Outputs and 4 Inputs MAX7326 Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE PAGES CHANGED 0 10/06 Initial release 1 7/14 No /V OPNs; removed automotive reference from Applications section; updated Package Information DESCRIPTION — 1, 18–20 For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com. Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. ©  2014 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │  18