APM8600

APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Description The APM8600 is a linear Li-Ion charger for portable equipment that is optimized for small form-factor applications. The charge algorithm in the APM8600 covers all the charge requirements for a single Li-Ion battery cell. Included is precharging for deeply discharged cells, constant current / constant voltage fast charging and a top-off feature to bring the cell safely to a full-charge level. Pin Assignments N EW PRODUCT The battery is constantly monitored for overvoltage, charge time and cell temperature to ensure safe charging. A fault is triggered once the charge time exceeds a value that is programmable using a single capacitor and the temperature measurement is achieved through a thermistor positioned close to the battery cell. The APM8600 is packaged in U-DFN3030-14 package with a thermal pad. Figure 1 Pin Out Features • • • • • • • • • • Linear Lithium Ion / Lithium Polymer charging IC Supply input safe up to 28V Fast charging with maximum current of 1A Resistor-programmable charging current Resistor programmable end-of-charge Capacitor programmable charge timer Three charge indicator pins for a status display Thermal protection DFN3030-14: Available in “Green” Molding Compound (No Br, Sb) Lead Free Finish/ RoHS Compliant (Note 1) Applications • • • • • Handheld Consumer Devices Cell Phones, PDAs, MP3 Players Handheld Test Equipment Digital Still Cameras Multimedia players Note: 1. EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS). All applicable RoHS exemptions applied. Please visit our website at http://www.diodes.com/products/lead_free.html. Typical Application Circuit Figure 2. Typical Application Circuit APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 1 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Pin Descriptions N EW PRODUCT Name BAT SETI THM GND CT Pin # 1, 7 2 3 4 5 8 10 11 Connection to the Battery Charge Current programming Description The battery is charged via this pin and the BAT voltage is constantly monitored. Connect a bypass capacitor between BAT and GND (2.2µF). The maximum charge current is programmed using a resistor from SETI to GND. This also determines the prequal current charging level and top-off threshold. To monitor the battery temperature, connect a 10kΩ NTC thermistor. Place this Thermistor Input thermistor as close as possible to the battery. Connect THM to GND if temperature measurement is not required. Ground Ground connection. Connecting a capacitor from CT to GND will set the time-outs for prequal, top-off Charge Timing and fast-charge. Connecting CT direct to GND disables these timers. Enable (active-low) Power OK (active-low) Charge Status (active-low) The charger is enabled when this input is low. To start the charger connect EN to GND. Drive this input high to disable the charger. When a valid input source is connected, this open-drain output is pulled low. EN POK CHG DC 12, 13 FLT 14 EP NC DNC 7,9 6 Open-drain output that indicates the charging status. It is active only in the fastcharge state and goes high-impedance when the charger is either disabled or in prequal or top-off mode. DC supply input. The recommended input voltage is between 4.32V and 7V. This DC Input input is capable of withstanding up to 28V. Connect both DC pins together on the PCB. It is recommended to connect a bypass capacitor (1µF) from DC to GND. If the prequal or fast-charge timers expire and the charging threshold voltage is Fault Flag not reached, FLT (open-drain output) will go low. Remove the fault by cycling (active-low) power or raise EN . For optimal thermal performance connect to copper on PCB (electrically this can Exposed Pad be GND). Not Connected Floating pins Do Not Connect Must not connect APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 2 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Functional Block Diagram DC BAT N EW PRODUCT SETI CHARGER REGULATOR THERMAL CURRENT FOLDBACK PROTECTION 1.5V REFERENCE OVLO CHARGE CONDITION COMPARATORS UVLO VDROP PREQUAL CHARGE CONTROL 3.0V 4.2V THM EN CT TIMER FLT POR CHG GND APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 3 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol DC to GND BAT, CT, SETI, THM, FLT , CHG , POK , EN to GND ESD Susceptibility (Note 2) HBM Human Body Model MM Machine Model Parameter Rating -0.3 to 28V -0.3 to 6V 2 200 Unit V V kV V N EW PRODUCT Note: 2. Semiconductor devices are ESD sensitive and may be damaged by exposure to ESD events. Suitable ESD precautions should be taken when handling and transporting this device. Thermal Resistance (Note 3) Symbol θJA Note: Parameter Junction to Ambient Rating 40 Unit °C/W 3. Test condition for DFN3030-10: Device mounted on FR-4 2-layer board, 2oz copper, with minimum recommended pad on top layer and 6 vias to bottom layer 1.0”x1.5” ground plane. Recommended Operating Conditions (Note 4) Symbol Parameter Ambient Temperature Range Input Supply Voltage Typical Charge Current Rating -40 to +85 4.15 to 7.00 0.1 to 1.0 Unit °C V A ICHARGE Note: 4. The device function is not guaranteed outside of the recommended operating conditions. APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 4 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Electrical Characteristics APM8600 is tested at VDC = 5V, VBAT = 4V, V EN = 0V, RSETI = 2kΩ, CCT = 68nF, at an ambient temperature of +25°C unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ. Max Unit VDC VDC UVLO Input Voltage Range Input Operating Range (Note 5) Input Undervoltage Lock Out (Note 5) Input Overvoltage Lock Out Input Supply Current Shutdown Current Input to BAT On-Resistance Input to BAT dropout Voltage Battery Voltage Regulation Battery Fast-Charge Restart Threshold DC Charge Current VUSB = 0V Soft-Start Time BAT Prequel Threshold BAT Leakage Current Resistance Range for SETI Input rising, 500mV hysteresis (typ.) VBAT = 3.2V Input rising, 200mV hysteresis (typ.) IBAT = 0mA, RTHM = 10kΩ EN 0 4.15 3.85 7.2 4.0 7.5 750 275 0.5 5 4.179 -230 950 727 280 60 55 4.2 -175 1000 750 300 75 1.2 2.9 3.0 0.001 1.5 28 7.00 4.15 7.8 1200 435 0.8 150 4.221 -110 1140 870 353 95 V V V V µA µA Ω mV V mV N EW PRODUCT OVLO IDC ISHTDWN RDS_ON VDROPOUT VBAT_REG BATRSTTH = High, TA = 25ºC Input = 3.7V, VBAT = 3.6V Input falling, 200mV hysteresis (typ.) IBAT = 0mA, TA = 25ºC From BAT regulation voltage RSETI = 1.5kΩ IDC_CHG RSETI = 2.0kΩ RSETI = 5.0kΩ Prequal, RSETI = 2kΩ, VBAT = 2.5V Ramp time to fast-charge VBAT rising, 180mV hysteresis (typ.) VDC = VUSB = 0V, VBAT = 4.2V Guaranteed by charging current mA SS VPREQ_TH ILEAK RSETI Note: ms 3.1 5 5.0 V µA kΩ 5. Guaranteed by testing of undervoltage- and overvoltage-threshold. To completely charge a battery cell, the input voltage must be greater than 4.32V. APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 5 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Electrical Characteristics (Continued) APM8600 is tested at VDC = 5V, VBAT = 4V, V EN = 0V, RSETI = 2kΩ, CCT = 68nF, at an ambient temperature of +25°C unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ. Max Unit EN Logic Input Thresholds Logic Input Leakage Current Rising Falling VEN = 0 to 5.5V, 1.6 0.4 0.001 1 V µA N EW PRODUCT TA = 25ºC POK , CHG , FLT Logic Output Voltage, Low Logic Output Leakage Current, High ITOPOFF RTHM_Pullup IPOK = ICHG = IFLT = 1mA VPOK = VCHG = VFLT = 5.5V 12 0.001 75 56.25 22.5 10 100 1 mV µA CHG / Top-Off Threshold Internal Pullup Resistance THM Resistance, Hot VDC = VUSB = 0V TA = +25°C IBAT falling, RSETI = 1.5kΩ battery is RSETI = 2.0kΩ charged RSETI = 5.0kΩ RTHM falling, 420Ω hyst. (typ.) RTHM rising, 2.7kΩ hyst. (typ.) RTHM falling, 230Ω hyst. (typ.) CCT = 68nF From entering prequal to FLT going low, VBAT < 3V From entering fast-charge to FLT going low, 3V < VBAT < 4.2V From CHG going high to charger disabled Junction temperature beyond which the charge current is reduced, TJ rising Reduction of IBAT for increase in TJ (using VDC), RSETI = 1.5kΩ 37.5 75 mA kΩ 3.72 26.7 260 -20 3.94 28.3 315 4.13 29.7 370 +20 kΩ kΩ Ω % min min min ºC RTHM THM Resistance, Cold THM Resistance, Disabled CTaccu TLPrequal TLCHG TLTop_off THFBtemp Charge Timer Accuracy Prequal Time Limit Charge Time Limit Top-Off Time Limit Thermal Foldback Threshold Temperature Thermal Foldback Gain 34.8 334 34.8 +100 THFBGain 5 %/ºC APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 6 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Functional Description APM8600 is a linear Li-Ion battery charger device for single-cell applications. Charge currents can be programmed with the RSETI resistor. The device also incorporates several safety features, such as charge timers, battery temperature monitoring and internal thermal limiting. Functional State Diagram EN = HIGH VIN < VBAT VIN < 4.0V VIN > 7.5V DISABLE POK 1 IBAT FLT 1 CHG 0A 1 ANY STATE N EW PRODUCT OR OR OR RTHM < 315Ω OR (RTHM > 3.94kΩ AND RTHM < 28.3kΩ) THM POK CHG 0 FLT 1 0A (RTHM > 315Ω AND RTHM < 3.94kΩ) OR RTHM > 28.3kΩ VBAT < 2.82V Reset Timer RTHM < 315Ω OR (RTHM > 3.94kΩ AND RTHM < 28.3kΩ) THM POK CHG 0 FLT 1 0A POK 0 IBAT (DC) (RTHM > 315Ω AND RTHM < 3.94kΩ) OR RTHM > 28.3kΩ IBAT > 172.5 / RSETI Reset Timer POK 0 IBAT EN = LOW AND VIN > VBAT AND VIN > 4.0V AND VIN < 7.5V PREQUAL FLT 1 CHG 150 / RSETI 1 VBAT < 3V AND Time out FAULT VBAT > 3V Reset Timer POK CHG 0 1 FLT IBAT 0 0A 1 IBAT Timer Hold CHARGE FLT 1 CHG 1500 / RSETI 0 IBAT > 112.5 / RSETI AND Time out 0 IBAT Timer Hold IBAT < 112.5 / RSETI Reset Timer VBAT < 4.05V Reset Timer CHG 1 TOP-OFF POK 0 FLT 1 Time out DONE POK 0 IBAT FLT 1 CHG 0A 1 APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 7 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Functional Description (continued) INPUTS DC Pins 12 and 13 are the DC input. This input will allow charging from input voltages between 4.15V and 7V, and can withstand up to 28V without device damage although charging is disabled above 7.5V (typ.). GND System ground connection. EN Pin 8 is the enable pin of the device. When pulled low the device will operate normally. When high, the device will remain in the disabled state. For auto-starting, connect pin 8 directly to GND. N EW PRODUCT SETI Pin 2 allows the charge currents to be programmed. RSETI = 1500 ICHARGE The charge current setting also changes the currents in prequal and top-off modes (being 10% and 7.5% of ICHARGE respectively): IPREQUAL = 150 RSETI ITOPOFF = 112.5 RSETI This pin can also be used to monitor the battery charging current: ICHARGE = VSETI× 1000 RSETI THM The thermistor connection is on pin 3. This allows the battery temperature to be monitored using a 10k NTC thermistor, which should be placed as close as possible to the battery cell. If no thermistor is used then this input should be connected directly to ground. The charger will operate when there is less than 315Ω on this input (i.e., no thermistor connected); will be disabled when there is between 315Ω and 3.94kΩ; enabled when between 3.94kΩ and 28.3kΩ; and disabled above 28.3kΩ. Enabled 0 315Ω 3.94k RTHM 28.3k Thermistor Beta 3000 3250 3500 3750 Resistance  in kΩ at 0°C 25°C 50°C 25.1 10 4.6 27.1 10 4.3 29.3 10 4 31.7 10 3.8 Typical  in °C Hot trip Cold Trip 55.1 ‐3.2 52.6 ‐1.3 50.5 0.5 48.6 2.0 Disabled APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 8 of 14 www.diodes.com Disabled Enabled December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Functional Description (continued) CT The Charge Timer input on pin 5 allows selection of how long the system timers for Prequal, Charge and Top-off states last. They are set by selecting the value of capacitor, CCT: ⎛ CCT ⎞ TCHARGE = 334 min× ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ 68nF ⎠ N EW PRODUCT ⎛ CCT ⎞ TPREQUAL = TTOPOFF = 34.8 min× ⎜ ⎟ ⎝ 68nF ⎠ The charge timer will hold its current value if the charging was stopped via the thermistor and continue when the battery is in a valid temperature range for charging. OUTPUTS BAT Pin 1 is the current-controlled charging output for the battery cell. It should be connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The chip monitors the voltage on this pin. There should be a 2.2µF capacitor connected from BAT to GND. POK The POK flag on pin 10 is pulled low when a valid power input is available on DC. It will go high when no valid power is available and the device will enter the Disable state. CHG The CHG flag at pin 11 is pulled low when the device is in the Charge state. It will be high in Prequal and Top-off states. If the thermistor trips the circuit into the THM state (from Prequal or Charge states), CHG will hold its previous value. FLT The FLT flag on pin 14 indicates a battery fault, as determined by a time-out in either the Prequal or Charge states. If the battery voltage does not reach 3V after the prequal timer (default 34.8mins), or does not reduce charging current to 7.5% after the charge timer (default 334mins), this indicates that the battery has failed or is failing and this will trigger the FLT flag. This flag will not automatically reset, and can only be cleared by cycling the power input or the EN pin. APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 9 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Functional Description (continued) EN CHG 4.2V N EW PRODUCT 3V VBAT 0V ICHARGE 1500/RSETI PREQUAL DISABLE TOP-OFF CHARGE IBAT IPREQUAL 150/RSETI 0A ITOPOFF 112.5/RSETI t CHARGING PROCESS DESCRIPTION The charging process is as follows, working through the state diagram. The device will begin in the Disable state as the input power supply ramps from 0V. Once the input power supply has got into the valid range (4.15V – 7V), and the device is enabled then it will enter the Prequal state. This state allows for slow charging of a severely discharged battery. If the battery is already partially charged then the condition to move into the Charge state is met. If it is not then the slow charge will increase the battery voltage until it can enter the Charge state, or if the voltage does not rise sufficiently before the charge timer runs out (set using the capacitor on the CT pin) then the device will go into the Fault state, indicating that the battery cell may be damaged or has failed and is not taking charge. In the Prequal state the battery temperature can be monitored with a 10k NTC thermistor connected to the THM pin, and if the battery temperature goes out of range (above ~50°C or below ~0°C, depending on thermistor choice) then charging will be suspended with the device going into the THM state. Once the battery has charged to a level of 3V, the device enters the Charge state, allowing faster charging of the battery in its normal voltage range, with 10 times the current used in the Prequal state. For information on setting the charge currents, see the functional description of the SETI pin. Again, the battery temperature is monitored and charging will be suspended if the temperature goes out of range. The Charge state will last until the current drawn by the battery drops to 7.5% of the full charge current. The device will then enter the Top-Off state, maintaining battery voltage and providing top-off charging current for the time defined by the CT value. Once that timer completes, the device will enter the Done state, with zero battery current. If the battery voltage falls below 4.05V then the device will automatically return to the Charge state. APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 10 of 14 www.diodes.com DONE December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Ordering Information APM8600 FB - 7 Package FB :U-DFN3030-14 Package Code Packaging (Note 6) Packing 7 : Tape & Reel 7” Tape and Reel Part Number Suffix -7 Device N EW PRODUCT APM8600FB-7 Note: FB U-DFN3030-14 Quantity 3000/Tape & Reel 6. Pad layout as shown on Diodes Inc. suggested pad layout document AP02001, which can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02001.pdf. Marking Information ( Top View ) XX Y WX XX : P3 : APM8600 Y : Year : 0~9 W : Week : A~Z : 1~26 week; a~z : 27~52 week; z : represents 52 and 53 X : A~Z : Internal Code Package U-DFN3030-14 Identification Code P3 Part Number APM8600FB-7 APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 11 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Package Outline Dimensions (All Dimensions in mm) U-DFN3030-14 TOP MARK 0.10 C 0.08 C 0.57/0.63 0/0.05 0.15 Seating Plane 0.25 A Side View 2.95/3.05 2.2/2.4 C 14x-0.50 N EW PRODUCT 2X- Top View 14x-0.25 C L 0.40Typ B A (Pin #1 ID) 2.95/3.05 C0 1.6/1.8 .3 1.80 C L 0.30/0.40 C L (Pin #1 ID) 2X- 0.25 B 0.40Typ. C L 0.15/0.25 0.10 CAB 2.40 Land Pattern Recommendation (Unit:mm) Bottom View APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 12 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated 2.65 APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER Taping Orientation (Note 6) N EW PRODUCT Note: 6. The taping orientation of the other package type can be found on our website at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap02007.pdf APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 13 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated APM8600 SINGLE CELL LINEAR LITHIUM BATTERY CHARGER WITH 28V OVP AND PROGRAMMABLE CHARGE TIMER IMPORTANT NOTICE DIODES INCORPORATED MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARDS TO THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (AND THEIR EQUIVALENTS UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY JURISDICTION). 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N EW PRODUCT Customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support devices or systems, and acknowledge and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning their products and any use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devices- or systems-related information or support that may be provided by Diodes Incorporated. Further, Customers must fully indemnify Diodes Incorporated and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of Diodes Incorporated products in such safety-critical, life support devices or systems. Copyright © 2010, Diodes Incorporated www.diodes.com APM8600 Document number: DS35140 Rev. 1 - 2 14 of 14 www.diodes.com December 2010 © Diodes Incorporated