PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
Wide range of Fixed Output Voltages Output Current up to 100 mA No External Components Required Internal Thermal Overload Protection Internal Short Circuit Current-Limiting Available in TO-92, SOT-89 and SOP-8 packages The GM78L00 series of positive voltage regulators are low-cost devices providing a simple solution for a wide variety of applications requiring a regulated supply of up to 100mA. These virtually indestructible positive voltage regulators are protected by thermal shutdown and internal current-limiting. Most applications require no external components. The GM78L00’s are very versatile. Use them as fixed voltage regulators in a wide range of applications, including local on-card regulation for elimination of noise and distribution problems associated with single-point regulation. They can also be used with power pass elements to make high current voltage regulators. The GM78L00’s offer impressive performance advantages over oldfashioned zener diode-resistor combinations, providing lower output impedance and reduced quiescent current, along with lower noise. REPRESENTATIVE BLOCK DIAGRAM
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
TO-92 (TOP VIEW)
3 1 2 3
INPUT GROUND OUTPUT
SOT-89 (Top View)
1
2
3
VOUT
GND
VIN
SOP-8 (TOP VIEW)
V OUT GND GND NC
1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5
V IN GND GND NC
INPUT Q3 15k Q10 Q1 5.0k Q5 Q11 Q12 3.0k OUTPUT 3.8k Q4 Q6 2.2k 1.9k Z1 420 Q2 Q7 1.0k GROUND C Q8 Q9 2.85k 0-25k
1.2k
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PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L05
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=10V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 7V ≤ VI ≤ 20V TJ=25°C, 8V ≤ VI ≤ 20V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 7V ≤ VI ≤ 20V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 7V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 8V ≤ V I ≤ 2 0 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 42 41 49 1.7 4.75 4.75 MIN 4.8 TYP 5.0 32 26 11 5 5 5 3.8 MAX 5.2 150 100 60 30 5.25 5.25 6.0 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 8V ≤ VI ≤ 18V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L06
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=11V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 8.0V ≤ VI ≤ 20V TJ=25°C, 9.0V ≤ VI ≤ 20V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 8V ≤ VI ≤ 20V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 8V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C (with Line) (with Load) 9V ≤ V I ≤ 2 0 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 46 40 48 1.7 5.7 5.7 MIN 5.75 TYP 6.0 35 29 16 9 6 6 3.9 MAX 6.25 175 125 80 40 6.3 6.3 6.0 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
VR LOAD
mV
VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 9V ≤ VI ≤ 19V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
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PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L08
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=14V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 11V ≤ VI ≤ 23V TJ=25°C, 12V ≤ VI ≤ 23V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 11V ≤ VI ≤ 23V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 11V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 12V ≤ V I ≤ 2 3 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 54 37 46 1.7 7.6 7.6 MIN 7.7 TYP 8.0 42 36 18 10 8 8 4 MAX 8.3 175 125 80 40 8.4 8.4 6 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 12V ≤ VI ≤ 22V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L09
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=16V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 12V ≤ VI ≤ 24V TJ=25°C, 13V ≤ VI ≤ 24V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 12V ≤ VI ≤ 24V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 12V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 13V ≤ V I ≤ 2 4 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 58 38 45 1.7 8.55 8.55 MIN 8.6 TYP 9.0 45 40 19 11 9.0 9.0 4.1 MAX 9.4 175 125 90 40 9.45 9.45 6.0 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 15V ≤ VI ≤ 25V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
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PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L10
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=17V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 13V ≤ VI ≤ 24V TJ=25°C, 14V ≤ VI ≤ 24V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 13V ≤ VI ≤ 24V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 13V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 14V ≤ V I ≤ 2 4 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 62 37 44 1.7 9.5 9.5 MIN 9.6 TYP 10 51 42 22 13 10 10 4.3 MAX 10.4 175 125 100 50 10.5 10.5 6.5 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 16V ≤ VI ≤ 27V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L12
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=19V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 14.5V ≤ VI ≤ 27V TJ=25°C, 16V ≤ VI ≤ 27V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 14.5V ≤ VI ≤ 27V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 14.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 16V ≤ V I ≤ 2 7 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 70 37 42 1.7 11.4 11.4 MIN 11.5 TYP 12.0 55 49 22 13 12 12 4.3 MAX 12.5 250 200 100 50 12.6 12.6 6.5 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz, 15V ≤ VI ≤ 25V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
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PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L15
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=23V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 17.5V ≤ VI ≤ 30V TJ=25°C, 20V ≤ VI ≤ 30V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 17.5V ≤ VI ≤ 30V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 17.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 20V ≤ V I ≤ 3 0 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 82 34 39 1.7 14.25 14.25 MIN 14.4 TYP 15.0 65 58 25 15 15 15 4.7 MAX 15.6 300 250 150 75 15.75 15.75 6.5 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz,18.5V ≤ VI ≤ 28.5V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L18
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=26V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 20.5V ≤ VI ≤ 33V TJ=25°C, 22V ≤ VI ≤ 33V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 20.5V ≤ VI ≤ 30V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 20.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 22V ≤ V I ≤ 3 3 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 89 32 36 1.7 17.1 17.1 MIN 17.3 TYP 18.0 70 64 27 19 18 18 4.7 MAX 18.7 360 300 180 90 18.9 18.9 6.5 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz,,21.5V ≤ VI ≤ 31.5V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
Revision 1, May 2002
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PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS GM78L24
TA = 0°C to 125º C, VI=32V, IO=40mA, CI=0.33µF, CO=0.1µF, unless otherwise specified (Note 1)
CHARACTERISTICS Output Voltage Line Regulation SYMBOL VO VR LINE VR LOAD VO IQ ∆IQ NO ∆VI /∆VO V DO (with Line) (with Load) TEST CONDITIONS TJ=25°C TJ=25°C, 26.5V ≤ VI ≤ 39V TJ=25°C, 29V ≤ VI ≤ 39V TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 100mA TJ=25°C, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 26.5V ≤ VI ≤ 39V, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 26.5V ≤ VI ≤ VMAX, 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 70mA TJ=25°C 22V ≤ V I ≤ 3 3 V 1mA ≤ I O ≤ 40mA 97 30 33 1.7 22.8 22.8 MIN 23 TYP 24 95 78 41 28 24 24 4.8 MAX 25 480 400 240 120 25.2 25.2 6.5 1.5 0.1 UNIT V mV
Load Regulation Output Voltage (Note 2) Quiscent Current Quiscent Current Change Noise Ripple Rejection Dropout Voltage
mV
V mA mA µV dB V
TA=25°C, 10Hz ≤ f ≤ 100kHz TJ=25°C, f=120kHz,,27.5V ≤ VI ≤ 37.5V TJ=25°C
Note 1: The maximum steady state usable output current and input voltage are very dependent on the heat sinking and/or lead length of the package. The data above represent pulse test conditions with junction temperatures as indicated at the initiation of tests. Note 2: Power Dissipation ≤ 0.75W.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER Input Voltage (5.0 to 15V) Power Dissipation Operating Junction Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (soldering 10sec.) SYMBOL VI PD TJ Tstg TL VALUE 35 internally limited 0 to +125 -65 to +150 265 UNITS V W °C °C °C
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PRELIMINARY
GM78L00
100 mA POSITIVE VOLTAGE REGULATORS
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Design Considerations
The GM78L series regulators have thermal overload protection from excessive power, internal short-circuit protection which limits each circuit’s maximum current, and output transistor safe-area protection for reducing the output current as the voltage across each pass transistor is increased. Although the internal power dissipation is limited, the junction temperature must be kept below the maximum specified temperature (125°C) in order to meet data sheet specifications. The total thermal resistance in this model is then: ( θJA + θCA) ( θJL + θLA)
θJA =
θJA + θCA + θJL + θLA
Thermal Considerations
The TO-92 molded package is capable of unusually high power dissipation due to the lead frame design. However, its thermal capabilities are generally overlooked because of a lack of understanding of the thermal paths from the semiconductor junction to ambient temperature. While thermal resistance is normally specified for the device mounted 1 cm above an infinite heat sink, very little has been mentioned of the options available to improve on the conservatively rated thermal capability. An explanation of the thermal paths of the TO-92 will allow the designer to determine the thermal stress he is applying in any given application.
Where: θJC = thermal resistance of the case between the regulator die and a point on the case directly above the die location. θCA = thermal resistance between the case and air at ambient temperature. θJL = thermal resistance from regulator die through the input lead to a point 1/16 inch below the regulator case. θLA = total thermal resistance of the input/output ground leads to ambient temperature. θJA = junction to ambient thermal resistance.
FIGURE 1. TO-92 Thermal Equivalent Circuit
TJ
The TO-92 Package
The TO-92 package thermal paths are complex. In addition to the path through the molding compound to ambient temperature, there is another path through the leads, in parallel with the case path, to ambient temperature, as shown in Figure 1.
θJC
θJL
PE ( W)
θCA
θLA
TA
ORDERING INFORMATION
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
5V 6V 8V
PACKAGE TO-92
GM78L05-T92 GM78L06-T92 GM78L08-T92 GM78L09-T92 GM78L10-T92 GM78L12-T92 GM78L15-T92 GM78L18-T92 GM78L24-T92
SOT-89
GM78L05-ST89 GM78L06-ST89 GM78L08-ST89 GM78L09-ST89 GM78L10-ST89 GM78L12-ST89 GM78L15-ST89 GM78L18-ST89 GM78L24-ST89
SOP 8
GM78L05-S8 GM78L06-S8 GM78L08-S8 GM78L09-S8 GM78L10-S8 GM78L12-S8 GM78L15-S8 GM78L18-S8 GM78L24-S8
GM78L00
9V 10V 12V 15V 18V 24V
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