ICL8810XUMA1

ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 Feature list The ICL88xx family of single stage flyback controllers for constant voltage output is tailored for LED lighting applications to meet the required performance. They offer power factor correction (PFC) and low total harmonic distortion (THD) from low to full load conditions. General features ICL8800, ICL8810, ICL8820 • Constant voltage (CV) output flyback topology with a feature set and operation targeting lighting applications • Optimized for PFC-flyback topologies with secondary side regulation (SSR) operation, primary side regulation (PSR) possible • Supports universal input voltage (90 VAC to 300 VAC, 45 Hz to 66 Hz) and DC input voltage operation • High power factor low THD performance across wide load and input AC line range • Quasi-resonant operation with continuous conduction mode (CCM)-prevention and valley switching discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) in mid to light load • Adjustable max on-time – limits input power and current allowing safe-operation under low line condition • Comprehensive set of protections: Internal overtemperature protection (OTP), output overvoltage protection (OVP), overcurrent protection (OCP), brown-in and brownout protection, open loop protection, input overvoltage protection • Soft-start to reduce stress during turn-on • External start-up circuit control signal with Vcc support in light load operation • Reduced gate driver output voltage during start-up sequence and burst mode allowing smaller Vcc cap • Burst mode for very light loads and low system standby power consumption • Jitter function on DC input to ease electromagnetic interference (EMI) testing for emergency lighting Additional features ICL8810, ICL8820 • Burst mode for very light loads and low system standby power consumption Additional features ICL8820 • Jitter function on DC input to ease EMI testing for emergency lighting Potential applications PFC-flyback CV • • LED driver and luminaries up to 125 W Adapter, charger, flat TV, all-in-one PC, monitor up to 125 W Datasheet www.infineon.com Please read the Important Notice and Warnings at the end of this document Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 Product validation VOUT + CMC ZCD L VCC VOUT- GD CoolMOS CS DMC ICL88xx N VS TD GND VIN Figure 1 Flyback-SSR-CV VOUT + CMC ZCD L VCC VOUT- CoolMOS GD CS DMC ICL88xx N VS Figure 2 GND TD VIN Flyback-PSR-CV Product type Package Ordering code ICL8800 PG-DSO-8 SP003135776 ICL8810 PG-DSO-8 SP005418406 ICL8820 PG-DSO-8 SP005418407 Product validation Qualified for applications listed above based on the test conditions in the relevant tests of JEDEC20/22. Datasheet 2 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 Description Description The ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 is a voltage mode controller for flyback topologies operating in quasiresonant mode and valley switching DCM. It is designed for low and high power lumen LED driver, requiring high power factor and efficiency. The flyback controller is capable of controlling SSR-CV an PSR-CV topologies. Offering a wide usage in low cost applications where a PFC functionality in dual stage topologies is required. For lighting applications, the IC offers a wide power range as well as a comprehensive set of protections, including a power limitation. The IC is easy to design in and requires a minimum number of external components. The gate driver current enables reasonable designs up to 125 W with state-of-the-art MOSFETs. The system performance and efficiency, especially in light load conditions, can be optimized using Infineon CoolMOS™ P7 power MOSFETs. ICL8810 and ICL8820 The integrated burst mode function allows designs with a very low standby power consumption and small output ripple during standby mode and very light loads. ICL8820 The jitter function eases the design of emergency lighting LED drivers without additional circuitry to improve EMI performance. Datasheet 3 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 Table of contents Table of contents Feature list . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Potential applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Product validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Table of contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Operating modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Burst mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Input voltage detection and protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Zero crossing detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Power factor correction and THD correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Frequency jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Power limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Overtemperature protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Overcurrent protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Output overvoltage protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Open loop protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 VCC protections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Fault reaction and flow chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Adjustable functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4 4.3.5 4.3.6 4.3.7 4.3.8 4.3.9 4.3.10 Electrical characteristics and parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 DC electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Zero crossing detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Voltage sense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Input voltage detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 THD configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Current sense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 PWM generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Gate driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Clock oscillators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Temperature sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Datasheet 4 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 Table of contents 5 Package dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 6 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 7 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Datasheet 5 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 1 Pin configuration Pin configuration ZCD 1 VS 2 VIN 3 TD 4 ICL88xx 1 8 VCC 7 GND 6 GD 5 CS PG-DSO-8 Figure 3 Pin configuration Table 1 Pin definition and function Symbol Pin Function ZCD 1 Zero crossing detection This pin is connected to an auxiliary winding via a resistor to detect the zero crossing of the switching current. When the zero crossing is detected, the controller initiates a new switching cycle. The resistor from ZCD pin to the auxiliary winding is used to set the maximum on-time. VS 2 Voltage sense This pin is connected to the feedback circuit. VIN 3 Input voltage detection This pin is used to measure the AC or DC input voltage for power limitation, input OVP, brown-in and brownout. TD 4 THD correction This pin is used to set the THD correction using a resistor to GND. The voltage on this pin can be used to control an external start-up circuit. CS 5 MOSFET current sense and secondary side over voltage protection This pin is used for primary side over current protection. A series resistance between pin and shunt resistor is used to tune the secondary side over voltage protection for the flyback topology. GD 6 Gate driver This pin controls the gate of the MOSFET. GND 7 Ground This pin is connected to ground and represents the ground level of the IC for the supply voltage, gate driver and sense signals. VCC 8 Power supply This pin supplies the IC. Datasheet 6 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 2 Block diagram 2 Block diagram TD Over voltage protection + VOVP External startup circuit control THD adjustment - AC sync and BI/BO + Thermal protection VIN - AC/DC detection; Input voltage Level detection Tj Blanking time + Blanking time + - R THD configuration + VBO S CS protections - VBI Q - VOCP1 CS IOVP Pulse generation and THD correction Pulse generation & mode change Thermal Protection + - VUV VOCP2 ZCD GD 1.6 V VS I Burst control (ICL8810 & ICL8820) Fault control RPU = 500Ω A ADC Powerlimitation and jitter (ICL8820) Decimation DAC Digital state machine + Vovp - VS open loop protection Blanking time S R Q Supply, reference & biasing 3.3 V VCC monitoring VUVLO Reference/ Selfsupply + + VOVLO GND Figure 4 Datasheet - VCC Block diagram 7 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3 Functional description These sections describe the listed functions in detail. 3.1 Operating modes The controller operates in voltage mode to optimize the power factor. It also autonomously selects the best mode of operation based on operation conditions like input voltage and input frequency as well as load conditions. The supported modes are: • Quasi-resonant mode (QRM) This mode controls the on-time and maximizes the efficiency by switching on at the valleys of the ZCD signal. This ensures zero-current switching with a minimum of switching losses. Figure 5 Example of the switching waveform in the first valley Burst mode for ICL8810 and ICL8820 Operation in burst mode to increase the efficiency in light load operation and to extend the power range for wide range input voltage designs. Enables very low standby power. At highest relative power, the controller operates in voltage mode with constant on-time in QRM, switching at the first valley. The maximum on-time can be tuned using the ZCD series resistance to adjust the maximum relative power. In QRM, the operating frequency depends on the QR resonant frequency of the transformer and the MOSFET. To reduce relative power, the controller reduces the on-time. At certain relative power levels, the controller also starts increasing the valley to avoid high frequencies. The switching frequencies remain within a range of typically 20 kHz to 150 kHz depending on component selection. The on-time is compensated to ensure a constant relative power for the change of the valley. The off-time of the controller is limited to TOff = 47 µs to ensure a minimum switching frequency outside the audible range. To achieve lowest relative output power, the ICL8810 and ICL8820 enter a burst mode with a repetition frequency of approximately four times the AC input frequency. • Datasheet 8 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description Figure 6 Exemplary switching characteristics versus relative power for a flyback application with an QR oscillation period of 1.6 µs for a line frequency of 50 Hz for ICL8810 and ICL8820 To avoid fast changes in the selected valley, for example multiple subsequent changes of the valley during one AC half-wave, the IC uses a valley hysteresis. During each half-wave, the IC measures the required valley to fulfill the power demand for a given AC input voltage and applies the minimum valley for the next half-wave. During this half-wave, the IC adjusts the on-time to stay in the calculated valley. In this way, the number of valley jumps is limited to a minimum. In addition, if a load jump is detected, the valley number is adjusted immediately and set to the new minimum value in the next AC half cycle. Since in some load and line conditions valley jumps are unavoidable, this IC uses an asymmetric hysteresis to minimize the impact of a changed valley on the input current of the converter. If the valley has to be corrected down, it happens immediately, but changing the valley up either happens on load jumps or at the start of the next AC half-wave. Datasheet 9 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description Figure 7 Valley selection hysteresis Feedback loop The pulse generation is based upon the current drawn out of the VS pin. This method has shown better noise immunity. The VS-current is exponentially mapped from 200 μA to 600 μA over the entire pulse width range including burst mode. In the range 20 μs to 1 μs, the mapping is relatively well exponential with a halving of the pulse duration per 50 μA opto-current. Figure 8 Datasheet Mapping of the on-time vs the current out of the VS-pin 10 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description To ensure proper operation of the feedback loop, a 12 kΩ resistor must be connected from the VS pin to ground. The minimum current drown out of this pin (current through the opto coupler plus the current of the 12 kΩ resistor) results in maximum power transfer, and the maximum current out of the VS pin results in loading to the smallest operation point. To achieve the best THD and PF results, a low crossover frequency of a few Hz is recommended. Figure 9 Datasheet VS pin circuit 11 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.2 Burst mode Only valid for ICL8810 and ICL8820. Burst mode extends the controller's power range for very low loads and enables very low standby power consumption. The IC wakes up at a fixed repetition frequency of approximately four times the input line frequency and decides based on the VS signal, if pulses are necessary to keep the output in regulation range. The duty cycle of each burst is determined by the filtered feedback from the external control loop. The IC uses the current flowing out of the VS pin to provide feedback to the IC. This method tends to be less noise sensitive and leads to a very small voltage change on the pin throughout the whole power range. Figure 10 Relation of the feedback current to the duty cycle in the flyback CV topology Based on the power requested by the VS pin, the IC is capable of skipping entire generations of bursts to keep the output in tight regulation range. The missing pulses can lead to a drop of the Vcc voltage. To prevent an IC restart due to too low supply voltage, two mechanisms are implemented to overcome this issue: • In addition to the burst mode wake-up according to the control loop, a higher priority VCC wake-up threshold may trigger a burst start if VCC drops as low as VVCCwake. The controller continues with the burst until VCC increases up to VVCCburst again. • In parallel, the TD pin lowers its voltage to allow an external start-up circuit to charge the VCC cap until VVCCburst is reached. This burst mode control allows tight output regulation and reduces the standby power since no unnecessary pulses are generated. In addition, it allows the use of a small VCC capacitor. To save energy and lower the standby power consumption, the gate driver operates during burst mode with a lower gate driver level of 7 V. Datasheet 12 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.3 Input voltage detection and protection The controller detects the AC or DC amplitude using an ADC between VBI and VVINOV. The averaged input voltage level is used for power limitation and the brown-in and brownout. In addition, the Vin pin voltage is necessary to enable the jitter function (ICL8820 only) for DC input. Theses conditions are checked before start-up and during operation. In addition, the VIN pin has an input OVP threshold of VVINOV and a short protection with a threshold of VVINshort where the IC stops switching and waits until the operating conditions are met again. In case of VVINshort, the IC enters a shorter restart cycle of 25 ms. This can be used to achieve lower standby power by actively disabling the IC, but still providing a quick reaction to a turn-on signal. The brownout and brown-in thresholds of VBO and VBI, respectively, ensure a proper operation at low input voltages. L PFC N VIN Figure 11 Datasheet VIN pin circuit 13 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.4 Zero crossing detection To minimize switching losses, the controller initiates a new switching cycle when the current through the transformer becomes zero during the off-time of the MOSFET. This time is approximated by detecting the voltage change of the separate ZCD winding/auxiliary winding from positive to negative level, which represents a voltage of zero at the inductor windings. The first occurrence of this condition marks the end of the demagnetization of the flyback transformer and the end of the current flow through the secondary side diode. For medium to low power levels, the controller switches not at the first occurrence, but counts the number of zero crossings until a desired valley is reached. Even if the valley is not measurable, the IC extrapolates the ringing time to stay in the valley switching. Figure 12 Windings of a flyback transformer A threshold with hysteresis, VZCDUp for increasing level and VZCDLow for decreasing level, is used to detect the change of the transformer voltage. A resistor connected between the auxiliary winding and the ZCD pin limits the sink and source currents of the sense pin when the voltage of the auxiliary winding exceeds the internal clamping levels Vpclp and Vnclp of the IC. When the sensed voltage level of the auxiliary winding is not sufficient (e.g., during start-up), an internal start-up timer will initiate a new cycle every tRep after turn-off of the gate driver. The ZCD resistor can be used to change the maximum on-time of the controller to limit the power transfer by the system. The maximum on-time for a ZCD peak to peak clamp current of 1.2 mA is 20 µs and scales linearly with lower clamp currents as it can be seen in Figure 13. A very tight limitation of the power by the on-time limits the ability of the system to quickly recover from large load jumps. The adjustment of the TD resistor can mitigate the influence on the THD performance caused by changing the maximum on-time. For wide range designs, an inductor of around 600 μH and for narrow range designs 1000 μH is recommended to utilize the full capabilities of this IC. Datasheet 14 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description Figure 13 Datasheet max on-time versus ZCD current 15 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.5 Power factor correction and THD correction The gate driver GD is used for driving the power MOSFET in voltage mode by on-time control. Suppressing the output ripple with the external feedback loop results in a quasi-constant on-time ton during the AC half-sine wave. This already ensures a basic high power-factor and low THD performance. In addition, the ZCD pin is used for a THD correction function that extends the pulse width of gate signal according to the detected IZCD. This optimizes the input current waveform, especially in the area near AC voltage zero crossing. Figure 14 shows the THD correction principle. During low input voltage levels, the on-time of the MOSFET is increased to minimize gaps in the line current during zero crossing of the line voltage and to improve the THD of the input current. This THD correction set with the TD resistor. The voltage on the TD pin (2.15 V or a 68 kΩ resistor from TD to ground) is measured at the start-up and is internally multiplied with the measured IZCD current. The result is handed over to the pulse generation block inside the IC to create the optimized waveform. In rare cases (small transformer inductance and small capacitor output capacitance which results in a high oscillation frequency), a lower value resistor down to 27 kΩ might result in a better THD performance. Figure 14 Datasheet THD improvement – automatic pulse width extension 16 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.6 Frequency jitter Only valid for ICL8820. A jitter function implemented into the IC for DC input voltage eases the design according to EN50172 (Emergency Lighting), which covers the requirements of the radio disturbance according to the EN55015 during mains DC input voltage for emergency lighting. A DC input voltage usually causes a flyback to operate at a single frequency resulting in the measured EMI spectrum being very high. To avoid this, the IC starts varying the frequency of the gate signal, if a DC voltage is detected at the VIN pin. This added jitter spreads the peak and reduces the EMI spectrum. This function is implemented by an additional triangular pattern injected into the internal PWM generator with a frequency of approximately 222 Hz while still adjusting the frequency to maintain the desired output voltage. This manipulation of the internal control loop results in a 5 kHz to 10 kHz jitter of the run frequency dependent on the load and line condition. Figure 15 Datasheet Added jitter function 17 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.7 Start-up As long as the voltage on the VCC pin is below the VCCon threshold, the controller consumes IVCCstart. As soon as the VCCon threshold is reached, the controller senses the resistor at the TD pin and the input voltage at the VIN pin. After checking that the start conditions are within the limits (for example input voltage for brown-in, junction temperature), the ICL88xx starts switching. The initial on-time is based on the sensed input voltage. In this phase, the frequency is variable and the IC requires a current of ICC plus the gate driver current. The reduced gate driver voltage VGDred feature enables reducing the VCC capacitor without compromising the time-to-light. In the soft start, the on-time is increased every 280 μs up to a maximum on-time of tON_max. The control switches to QRM as soon as a sufficient ZCD signal becomes available. The start-up is considered successful as soon as the feedback current requires less power compared to the internal start-up ramp. At the end of the start-up or after 15 ms at the latest, the gate driver level is increased to the voltage level VGD for normal operation to achieve the best possible efficiency for the given power MOSFET. External start-up cell control: After the measurement of the TD resistance to ground, the pin remains on a high level. The voltage is dependent on the used resistor. It can vary between 0.99 V and 2.33 V. The high level is maintained as long as the IC has a sufficient VCC supply. For the ICL8800 the start-up circuit is only active at the initial start-up or during a restart of the IC. For ICL8810 and ICL8820: While in burst mode, the pin is reset to low when the VCC drops below VVCCwake and it is set high again if VCC exceeds VVCCburst. The maximum capacitive loading of this pin is 1 nF. To assure a proper functioning of the IC, a resistor of 12 kΩ has to be placed from VS pin to GND. Normal startup Voltage Output setpoint Output short startup Voltage tstart,max tout,charge Output setpoint Vout VVCCON VVCCON (12.5V typ) (12.5V typ) VVCC VUVOFF VUVOFF (7V typ.) time tVCCON,charge tVCC,holdup Figure 16 Datasheet tstart,max (7V typ.) VVCC Vout time tVCCON,charge tVCC,holdup Waveforms of VCC and Vout during normal start-up and in output short condition 18 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.8 Power limitation Based on the mean voltage detected at the VIN pin, the relative power transfer is limited as seen in Figure 17. The power limitation is divided into three sections: • Voltage range between 0.4 V and 0.6 V: A steep limitation curve to avoid high currents and enable good dynamic behavior above brownout threshold. • Voltage range between 0.6 V and 2 V: Nearly linear limitation of the output power dependent of Vac. • Voltage range above 2 V: An input over voltage triggers a restart of the system . Figure 17 Exemplary representation of the power limitation versus input voltage This limitation is implemented in the internal pulse generation block by limiting its output to a calculated maximum value. If an output undervoltage event occurs in the flyback topology, either the power limiting limits the delivered power to the output, allowing large capacitors to be charged, or an insufficient VCC supply triggers a restart. 3.9 Overtemperature protection ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 offers a temperature protection using an internal temperature sensor. This feature protects the IC from too high temperatures. The protection starts at an internal temperature of T = 130 °C. Datasheet 19 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.10 Overcurrent protection The input overcurrent protection level 1 is performed by means of the cycle-by-cycle peak current limitation to VOCP1. A leading edge blanking tLEB prevents the IC from falsely switching off the power MOSFET due to a leading edge spike. If the measured current reaches the threshold of 0.6 V at the CS pin, the IC turns off the gate. The input overcurrent protection level 2 is meant for covering fault conditions like a short in the transformer primary winding or transformer core saturation. In this case, overcurrent protection level 1 does not limit properly the peak current due to the very steep slope of the peak current. Once the threshold VOCP2 of 1.2 V at the CS pin is reached within the time window of tOCP2, the protection is triggered. Figure 18 Datasheet Timing overview of the OCP1 and OCP2 20 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.11 Output overvoltage protection The ICL88xx has additionally to the feedback loop a second output overvoltage protection. This protection uses the ZCD clamp current during the demagnetization time to protect the output. The ZCD clamp current is internally converted to a current out of the CS pin with the conversion ratio nZCDOVP. Depending on the CS series resistance, the VOCP1 threshold triggers the protection. ZCD AUX winding CS OVP series resistor OCP1 threshold EMI filter shunt resistor Figure 19 Flyback secondary OVP Due to this protection, the voltage at the CS pin is not zero during the demagnetization, but mirrors the reflected output voltage. Datasheet 21 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description Figure 20 Flyback CS waveform 3.12 Open loop protection An open feedback loop results in maximum power transfer after the soft-start. The flyback secondary over voltage protection is triggered once the over voltage threshold is exceeded for a longer time than the related blanking time. This causes an auto-restart. In the case of an open VS pin, due to the VS pin sourcing, a current of 1 µA out of the IC during normal operation, the voltage at the VS pin rises. The VS pin voltage is compared to the over voltage comparator threshold VVSOVOFF. If the voltage exceeds the threshold for longer than the related blanking time, the overvoltage protection blocks any switching. A restart may occur if the VCC voltage drops below the undervoltage lockout unit (UVLO) threshold. Datasheet 22 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.13 VCC protections An UVLO is implemented that ensures a defined enabling and disabling of the IC operation depending on the supply voltage at the VCC pin. The UVLO contains a hysteresis with the voltage thresholds VVCCon for enabling the IC and VVCCmin for disabling the IC. As soon as the mains input voltage is applied, current flows into the VCC pin. The IC is enabled when VCC exceeds the threshold VVCCon and enters normal operation when no fault condition is detected. In this phase, VCC drops until the self-supply via the auxiliary winding takes over the supply at the VCC pin. For a proper start-up, the self-supply via auxiliary winding must be in place before VCC falls below VVCCmin threshold. If the voltage at the VCC pin reaches VVCCclamp during start-up, restart and in the burst pause, the IC is able to sink up to IVCCclamp. Overvoltage detection at the VCC pin is implemented via a threshold of VVCCmax. The start-up behaviour can be seen in Figure 16. ICL8810 and ICL8820 only To prevent an IC restart due to too low supply voltage, two mechanisms are implemented to overcome this issue: • In addition to the burst mode wake-up according to the control loop, a higher priority VCC wake-up threshold may trigger a burst start if VCC drops as low as VVCCwake. The controller continues with the burst until VCC increases up to VVCCburst again. • In parallel, the TD pin lowers its voltage to enable an external start-up circuit to charge the VCC cap until VVCCburst. Datasheet 23 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description 3.14 Fault reaction and flow chart Flow chart The Figure 21 shows the different states of the IC and the conditions to change the state. timer exceeded UVLO Regular = 200ms VCC < VVCCmin Vin VVCCon IC power up Internal error Power up done Temp > T Monitoring Vin < Vinuvp Vin < Vinbi Temp < T, Vin > Vinbi, TD measurement done, Fault Soft Start Any protection Start-up done Run Figure 21 Any protection ICL88xx flow chart Fault reaction The controller handles protections as listed in Table 2. Note: Datasheet Some blanking times vary slightly with the line frequency. 24 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 3 Functional description Table 2 Fault matrix Fault Detection Typical blanking time State Reaction Monit Softor start Run Insufficient supply VVCC < VVCCon 1 µs X - - Wait in reset Insufficient supply VVCC < VVCCmin 1 µs X X X Reset VCC overvoltage VCC > VVCCOVP 1 µs - X X Auto-restart after trestart VIN short protection VVIN < VVINshort 1 µs X X X Auto-restart after trestart VIN undervoltage protection VVIN < VBI 2 ms X X X Fast auto-restart after trestart,fast VIN overvoltage protection VVIN < VVINOV 2 ms X X X Auto-restart after trestart Overcurrent protection (OCP1) VCS > VOCP1 250 ns - X X Turn off gate driver for the on-going switching cycle Overcurrent protection (OCP2) VCS > VOCP2 150 ns - X X Auto-restart after trestart Secondary output overvoltage protection IZCD*nZCDOVP > VOCP1 100 µs - X X Auto-restart after trestart Overtemperature T > Tcritical 18 µs X X X Auto-restart after trestart VS overvoltage VVS > VVSOVOFF 20 µs - X X Turn off gate driver and restart if VVS < VVSOVON 3.15 Adjustable functions Some features of the controller can be adjusted using external circuitry: • The maximum power/on-time/operating point can be configured using the ZCD to aux winding resistance. • The flyback output over voltage protection can be configured using the CS series resistance to the shunt resistor. • Brown-in and out Protection and the related input over voltage protection • Primary side over current protection Please refer to the Design Guide for details. Datasheet 25 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters All signals are measured with respect to the ground pin, GND. The voltage levels are valid provided that other ratings are not violated. 4.1 Note: Absolute maximum ratings Absolute maximum ratings are defined as ratings, which if exceeded may lead to destruction of the integrated circuit. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Maximum ratings are absolute ratings; exceeding only one of these values may cause irreversible damage to the integrated circuit. These values are not tested during production test. Table 3 Absolute maximum ratings Parameter Symbol Values Min. Unit Typ. Max. Note or test condition VCC voltage VCC -0.5 – 26 V Junction temperature Tj -40 – 150 °C Storage temperature TS -55 – 150 °C Soldering temperature TS – – 260 °C Thermal resistance junction to ambient RThJA – – 185 K/W Power dissipation at 50°C PD – – 0.5 W ESD capability HBM VESD – – 2 kV ESD-HBM according to ANSI/ ESDA/JEDEC JS-001. ESD capability CDM VESD – – 500 V ESD-CDM according to ANSI/ ESDA/JEDEC JS-002. GD voltage VGD -0.5 – VCC + 0.3 V CS voltage VCS -0.5 – 3.6 V CS current ICS -2 – 2 mA ZCD voltage VZCD -1.2 – 3.6 V ZCD current IZCD -4 – 4 mA VS voltage VVS -0.3 – 3.6 V VIN voltage VVIN -0.3 – 3.6 V TD voltage VTD -0.3 – 3.6 V Datasheet 26 Wave soldering according to JESD22-A111 Rev A. Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters 4.2 Operating conditions The recommended operating conditions are shown for which the DC electrical characteristics are valid. Table 4 Operating characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Unit Typ. Max. Junction temperature TJ -40 – 125 °C Supply voltage VCC 8 – 24 V External capacitance at the TD pin CTD – – 1 nF 4.3 Note or test condition DC electrical characteristics The electrical characteristics provide the spread of values applicable within the specified supply voltage and junction temperature range. Devices are tested in production at TA = 25 °C. Values have been verified either with simulation models or by device characterization up to 125 °C. Typical values represent the median values related to TA = 25 °C. All voltages refer to GND, and the assumed supply voltage is VCC = 15 V, if not otherwise specified. 4.3.1 Power supply Table 5 Power supply characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Unit Typ. Max. VCC turn-on threshold VVCCon 12.0 12.5 13.1 V Start-up current IVCCstart – 30 – μA Supply current ICC – 2.0 – mA Supply current during burst pause ICCburst – 220 – μA Supply current in protection mode ICCrestart – 40 – μA VCC undervoltage threshold VVCCmin 6.0 6.6 7.6 V VCC wake-up threshold VVCCwake 6.6 7.6 8.8 V VCC burst threshold VVCCburst 7.1 8.1 9.1 V Difference between VVCCwake and VVccburst Vdelta 500 – – mV VCC overvoltage threshold VVCCmax 23.8 25 26.4 V VCC clamp voltage after VCC overvoltage VVCCclamp – 24.2 – V VCC clamp current IVCCclamp – 2.5 – mA Datasheet 27 Note or test condition IC self-supply excluding gate currents. Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters 4.3.2 Zero crossing detection Table 6 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Unit Typ. Max. Note or test condition Zero crossing threshold (falling edge) VZCDDown 10 45 – mV Zero crossing threshold (rising edge) VZCDUp – 55 90 mV Clamping current IZCDclp – – 1.2 mA Applies to positive and negative clamping. Clamping of positive voltages VZCDpclp 400 550 700 mV IZCDSink = 1 mA Clamping of negative voltages VZCDnclp -600 -500 -400 mV IZCDSource = - 1 mA ZCD ringing suppression time tRingsup 350 700 1100 ns ZCD to CS current ratio for flyback secondary side OVP nZCDOVP 0.455 0.484 0.513 ICSsource / IZCDclp at 1.2 mA ZCD to CS current ratio for flyback secondary side OVP nZCDOVP 0.450 0.484 0.518 ICSsource / IZCDclp at 0.8 mA 4.3.3 Voltage sense Table 7 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Max. Un Note or test it condition VS bias current - IVSBias 0.5 1.0 1.5 µA VVS = Vref Voltage source for optocoupler/feedback supply VVS 1.56 1.6 1.63 V VS current threshold for start up - IVSsink 102 130 154 µA 12 kΩ from VS to GND recommended. Open pin turn-off VVSOVOFFFB 2.64 2.7 2.76 V ADC lower current limit - IVSADCmin 166 210 260 µA For maximum ontime during operation ADC upper current limit - IVSADCmax 500 610 720 µA For minimum ontime in burst mode Datasheet 28 Internal series resistance of 500 Ω. Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters 4.3.4 Input voltage detection Table 8 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Unit Note or test condition Max. Brownout voltage level VBO 0.4 0.42 0.44 V DC threshold after internal averaging. Brown-in voltage level VBI 0.61 0.63 0.65 V DC threshold after internal averaging. VIN pin short to GND threshold VVINshort 150 200 250 mV VIN over voltage threshold VVINOV 1.9 2.0 2.1 V 4.3.5 THD configuration Table 9 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Unit Note or test condition Internal voltage 3.3 V. Max. Internal pull up resistor for THD tuning RTD,flyback 32 40 48 kΩ Minimum threshold for THD tuning VTD,low 0.94 1.02 1.1 V Maximum threshold for THD tuning VTD,high 2.18 2.28 2.4 V 27 – 68 kΩ Only valid for resistor from TD pin to GND. Unit Note or test condition Resistor range for THD correction function RTD 4.3.6 Current sense Table 10 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Max. OCP1 turn-off threshold VOCP1 570 610 650 mV OCP1 leading-edge blanking time tLEB 240 295 350 ns Pulse width when VCS > VOCP1; no production test. Over current blanking and propagation delay tCSOff – 290 – ns Propagation delay = 50 ns; no production test. OCP2 turn-off threshold VOCP2 1140 1210 1260 mV OCP2 trigger time tOCP2 – 150 – ns CS pull-up current -ICSPU 0.5 1 1.5 µA Datasheet 29 Pulse width when VCS > VOCP2; no production test. Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters 4.3.7 PWM generation Table 11 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Unit Note or test condition Max. Initial on-time 1) tON_initial 1.75 6.0 10.64 µs Depending on input voltage, not tested in production. Maximal on-time 2) tON_max 16 20 - µs For IZCDclp = 1.2 mA, not tested in production. Minimum on-time tON_min – 200 – ns Depends on MOSFET gate capacitance. Pulses are minimum 800 ns, but can be shortened due to pre-charging, not tested in production. Repetition time 1) tRep 47 52 60 µs VZCD = 0 V, not tested in production. Off-time tOff 42 47 52.5 µs Not tested in production. 1 2 When missing zero crossing signal. At the maximum of the AC line input voltage in RUN mode. Datasheet 30 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 4 Electrical characteristics and parameters 4.3.8 Gate driver Table 12 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Unit Note or test condition Max. GD source current -Isource 125 – – mA The parameter is not subject to production testing – verified by design/ characterization. GD sink current Isink 250 – – mA The parameter is not subject to production testing – verified by design/ characterization. GD voltage VGD 10.4 11.0 11.6 V VCC > 11.5 V Reduced GD voltage during start-up and burst mode VGDred 6.5 7.0 7.5 V VCC > 7.7 V Unit Note or test condition 4.3.9 Clock oscillators Table 13 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Max. Restart time trestart – 200 – ms Not tested in production. Fast restart time trestart,fast – 25 – ms Only for VIN under voltage event; not tested in production. Unit Note or test condition 4.3.10 Temperature sensor Table 14 Electrical characteristics Parameter Symbol Values Min. Typ. Max. Relative accuracy of the temperature sensor ΔT -6 – +6 °C End temperature for power limitation and shutdown temperature T – 130 – °C Datasheet 31 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 5 Package dimensions 5 Package dimensions The package dimensions of PG-DSO-8 are provided. Figure 22 Datasheet Package dimensions for PG-DSO-8 32 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 5 Package dimensions Figure 23 Note: Datasheet Tape and reel for PG-DSO-8 You can find all of our packages, packing types and other package information on our Infineon Internet page “Products”: http://www.infineon.com/products. 33 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 6 Glossary 6 Glossary AC Alternating current ADC Analog-to-digital converter BM Burst mode CV Constant voltage CCM Continuous conduction mode DC Direct current DCM Discontinuous conduction mode EMI Electromagnetic interference ESD Electrostatic discharge LED Light emitting diode OCP Overcurrent protection OTP Overtemperature protection OVP Overvoltage protection PF Power factor PFC Power factor correction PSR Primary side regulated QR Quasi-resonant QRM Quasi-resonant mode SSR Secondary side regulation THD Total harmonic distortion UVLO Under voltage lockout unit Datasheet 34 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 ICL88xx Datasheet for ICL8800, ICL8810 and ICL8820 7 Revision history 7 Revision history Revision Date Changes 1.0 2021-03-17 Initial release Datasheet 35 Rev. 1.0 2021-04-01 Trademarks All referenced product or service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Edition 2021-04-01 Published by Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany © 2021 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved. Do you have a question about any aspect of this document? Email: erratum@infineon.com Document reference IFX-ksh1514880840764 IMPORTANT NOTICE The information given in this document shall in no event be regarded as a guarantee of conditions or characteristics (“Beschaffenheitsgarantie”). With respect to any examples, hints or any typical values stated herein and/or any information regarding the application of the product, Infineon Technologies hereby disclaims any and all warranties and liabilities of any kind, including without limitation warranties of non-infringement of intellectual property rights of any third party. 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