TDK5110F

D at a Sh ee t , V 1. 1 , J u l y 20 0 6 TDK5110F 434 M Hz ASK/ FS K Transm i tte r in 10 -p in Package Ver s i on 1 .1 W i re l e s s C o n t r o l Co mpo ne nts N e v e r s t o p t h i n k i n g . Edition 2006-07-10 Published by Infineon Technologies AG, Am Campeon 1-12, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany © Infineon Technologies AG 2006. All Rights Reserved. Attention please! The information herein is given to describe certain components and shall not be considered as a guarantee of characteristics. Terms of delivery and rights to technical change reserved. We hereby disclaim any and all warranties, including but not limited to warranties of non-infringement, regarding circuits, descriptions and charts stated herein. Information For further information on technology, delivery terms and conditions and prices please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office in Germany or the Infineon Technologies Companies and our Infineon Technologies Representatives worldwide (www.infineon.com). Warnings Due to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the types in question please contact your nearest Infineon Technologies Office. Infineon Technologies Components may only be used in life-support devices or systems with the express written approval of Infineon Technologies, if a failure of such components can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life-support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system. Life support devices or systems are intended to be implanted in the human body, or to support and/or maintain and sustain and/or protect human life. If they fail, it is reasonable to assume that the health of the user or other persons may be endangered. D at a Sh ee t , V 1. 1 , J u l y 20 0 6 TDK5110F 434 M Hz ASK/ FS K Transm i tte r in 10 -p in Package Ver s i on 1 .1 W i re l e s s C o n t r o l Co mpo ne nts N e v e r s t o p t h i n k i n g . TDK5110F Revision History: 2006-07-10 Previous Version: none V 1.1 Page Subjects (major changes since last revision) 27 ESD-value increased to 2.5 kV (excluding Pin 9) 28-32 min-/max-values of IS, Output Power and Output frequency inserted We Listen to Your Comments Any information within this document that you feel is wrong, unclear or missing at all? Your feedback will help us to continuously improve the quality of this document. Please send your proposal (including a reference to this document) to: sensors@infineon.com TDK5110F Table of Contents Page 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.4.1 2.4.4.2 2.4.4.3 2.4.4.4 2.4.5 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Pin Definition and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Functional Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Functional Block Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 PLL Synthesizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Crystal Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Power Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Power Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Power Down Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 PLL Enable Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Transmit Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Power mode control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Recommended Timing Diagrams for ASK- and FSK-Modulation . . . . . 17 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Ohm-Output Testboard Schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Ohm-Output Testboard Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bill of Material (50 Ohm-Output Evalboard) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application Hints on the Crystal Oscillator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Design Hints on the Clock Output (CLKOUT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application Hints on the Power-Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 19 20 21 22 24 25 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electrical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC Characteristic at 3V, 25°C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AC/DC Characteristic at 2.1V ...4.0 V, -40°C ...+125°C . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 27 27 28 28 28 30 5 Package Outlines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Data Sheet 5 6 6 6 6 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Product Description 1 Product Description 1.1 Overview The TDK 5110 F is a single chip ASK/FSK transmitter for operation in the frequency band 433 ... 435 MHz. The IC offers a high level of integration and needs only a few external components. The device contains a fully integrated PLL synthesizer and a high efficiency power amplifier to drive a loop antenna. A special circuit design and an unique power amplifier design are used to save current consumption and therefore to save battery life. Additional features are a power down mode and a divided clock output. 1.2 • • • • • • • • • • • • • fully integrated frequency synthesizer VCO without external components ASK and FSK modulation frequency range 433 ... 435 MHz high efficiency power amplifier (typically 10 dBm) low supply current voltage supply range 2.1 ... 4 V temperature range −40 ... +125°C power down mode crystal oscillator 13.56 MHz FSK-switch divided clock output for µC low external component count 1.3 • • • • • Features Application Tire pressure monitoring systems Keyless entry systems Remote control systems Alarm systems Communication systems Data Sheet 6 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description 2 Functional Description 2.1 Pin Configuration Figure 1 2.2 CLKOUT 1 10 PDWN VS 2 9 PAOUT GND 3 8 PAGND FSKOUT 4 7 FSKDTA COSC 5 6 ASKDTA TDK 5110F IC Pin Configuration Pin Definition and Functions Table 1 Pin Definition and Functions - Overview Pin No. Symbol Function 1 CLKOUT Clock Driver Output (847.5 kHz) 2 VS Voltage Supply 3 GND Ground 4 FSKOUT Frequency Shift Keying Switch Output 5 COSC Crystal Oscillator Input (13.56 MHz) 6 ASKDTA Amplitude Shift Keying Data Input 7 FSKDTA Frequency Shift Keying Data Input 8 PAGND Power Amplifier Ground 9 PAOUT Power Amplifier Output (434 MHz) 10 PDWN Power Down Mode Control Data Sheet 7 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Table 2 Pin Definition and Function1 Pin No. Symbol 1 CLKOUT Interface Schematic Function Clock output to supply an external device. An external pull-up resistor has to be added in accordance to the driving requirements of the external device. VS 1 300 Ω The clock frequency is 847.5 kHz. 2 VS This pin is the positive supply of the transmitter electronics. An RF bypass capacitor should be connected directly to this pin and returned to GND (pin 3) as short as possible. 3 GND General ground connection. 4 FSKOUT This pin is connected to a switch to GND (pin 3). VS VS 200 µA 120 kΩ 4 The switch is closed when the signal at FSKDTA (pin 7) is in a logic low state. The switch is open when the signal at FSKDTA (pin 7) is in a logic high state. 200 kΩ FSKOUT can switch an additional capacitor to the reference crystal network to pull the crystal frequency by an amount resulting in the desired FSK frequency shift of the transmitter output frequency. Data Sheet 8 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Pin No. Symbol 5 COSC Interface Schematic Function VS VS 6 kΩ 5 This pin is connected to the reference oscillator circuit. The reference oscillator is working as a negative impedance converter. It presents a negative resistance in series to an inductance at the COSC pin. 100 µA 6 ASKDTA VS Digital amplitude modulation can be imparted to the Power Amplifier through this pin. +1.2 V 60 kΩ 6 +1.1 V 90 kΩ 2.3 pF A logic high (ASKDTA > 1.5 V or open) enables the Power Amplifier. 30 µA A logic low (ASKDTA < 0.5 V) disables the Power Amplifier. Data Sheet 9 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Pin No. Symbol 7 FSKDTA Interface Schematic VS Function +1.2 V 60 kΩ 7 +1.1 V Digital frequency modulation can be imparted to the Xtal Oscillator by this pin. The VCO-frequency varies in accordance to the frequency of the reference oscillator. 90 kΩ 30 µA A logic high (FSKDTA > 1.5V or open) sets the FSK switch to a high impedance state. A logic low (FSKDTA < 0.5 V) closes the FSK switch from FSKOUT (pin 4) to GND (pin 3). A capacitor can be switched to the reference crystal network this way. The Xtal Oscillator frequency will be shifted giving the designed FSK frequency deviation. Data Sheet 10 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Pin No. Symbol 8 PAGND Interface Schematic Function 9 9 PAOUT 10 PDWN 8 Ground connection of the power amplifier. The RF ground return path of the power amplifier output PAOUT (pin 9) has to be concentrated to this pin. RF output pin of the transmitter. A DC path to the positive supply VS has to be supplied by the antenna matching network. Disable pin for the complete transmitter circuit. VS 40 µA ∗ (ASKDTA+FSKDTA) A logic low (PDWN < 0.7 V) turns off all transmitter functions. 5 kΩ 10 "ON" A logic high (PDWN > 1.5 V) gives access to all transmitter functions. 150 kΩ PDWN input will be pulled up by 40 µA internally by either setting FSKDTA or ASKDTA to a logic high-state. 250 kΩ 1) Indicated voltages and currents apply for PLL Enable Mode and Transmit Mode. In Power Down Mode, the values are zero or high-ohmic. Data Sheet 11 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 Figure 2 Data Sheet Crystal 13.56 MHz FSK Switch 5 4 XTAL Osc 12 Ground Clock Output LF VCO Power Supply 2 Power Supply VS 3 :64 OR 10 Power Down Control 1 :16 PFD 6 ASK Data Input :2 Power AMP On Power Amplifier Output Power Amplifier Ground 9 8 2.3 7 FSK Data Input TDK5110F Functional Description Functional Block Diagram Functional Block Diagram V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description 2.4 Functional Block Description 2.4.1 PLL Synthesizer The Phase Locked Loop synthesizer consists of a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), an asynchronous divider chain, a phase detector, a charge pump and a loop filter. It is fully implemented on chip. The tuning circuit of the VCO consisting of spiral inductors and varactor diodes is on chip, too. Therefore no additional external components are necessary. The nominal center frequency of the VCO is 868 MHz. The oscillator signal is fed both, to the synthesizer divider chain and to the power amplifier. The overall division ratio of the asynchronous divider chain is 64. The phase detector is a Type IV PD with charge pump. The passive loop filter is realized on chip. 2.4.2 Crystal Oscillator The crystal oscillator operates at 13.56 MHz. The crystal frequency is divided by 16. The resulting 847.5 kHz are available at the clock output CLKOUT (pin1) to drive the clock input of a micro controller. To achieve FSK transmission, the oscillator frequency can be detuned by a fixed amount by switching an external capacitor via FSKOUT (pin 4). The condition of the switch is controlled by the signal at FSKDTA (pin 7). Table 3 FSKDTA - FSK Switch FSKDTA (pin7) FSK Switch Low1) CLOSED 2) 3) Open , High OPEN 1) Low: Voltage at pin < 0.5V 2) Open: Pin open 3) High: Voltage at pin > 1.5V 2.4.3 Power Amplifier The VCO frequency is divided by 2 and fed to the Power Amplifier. The Power Amplifier can be switched on and off by the signal at ASKDTA (pin 6). Data Sheet 13 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Table 4 ASKDTA - Power Amplifier ASKDTA (pin6) Power Amplifier 1) Low OFF Open2), High3) ON 1) Low: Voltage at pin < 0.5V 2) Open: Pin open 3) High: Voltage at pin > 1.5V The Power Amplifier has an Open Collector output at PAOUT (pin 9) and requires an external pull-up coil to provide bias. The coil is part of the tuning and matching LC circuitry to get best performance with the external loop antenna. To achieve the best power amplifier efficiency, the high frequency voltage swing at PAOUT (pin 9) should be twice the supply voltage. The power amplifier has its own ground pin PAGND (pin 8) in order to reduce the amount of coupling to the other circuits. 2.4.4 Power Modes The IC provides three power modes, the POWER DOWN MODE, the PLL ENABLE MODE and the TRANSMIT MODE. 2.4.4.1 Power Down Mode In the POWER DOWN MODE the complete chip is switched off. The current consumption is typically 0.3 nA at 3 V 25°C. This current doubles every 8°C. The values for higher temperatures are typically 14 nA at 85°C and typically 600 nA at 125°C. 2.4.4.2 PLL Enable Mode In the PLL ENABLE MODE the PLL is switched on but the power amplifier is turned off to avoid undesired power radiation during the time the PLL needs to settle. The turn on time of the PLL is determined mainly by the turn on time of the crystal oscillator and is less than 1 msec when the specified crystal is used. The current consumption is typically 4mA. Data Sheet 14 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description 2.4.4.3 Transmit Mode In the TRANSMIT MODE the PLL is switched on and the power amplifier is turned on too. The current consumption of the IC is typically 14.2 mA when using a proper transforming network at PAOUT, see Figure 8. 2.4.4.4 Power mode control The bias circuitry is powered up via a voltage V > 1.5 V at the pin PDWN (pin10). When the bias circuitry is powered up, the pins ASKDTA and FSKDTA are pulled up internally. Forcing the voltage at the pins low overrides the internally set state. Alternatively, if the voltage at ASKDTA or FSKDTA is forced high externally, the PDWN pin is pulled up internally via a current source. In this case, it is not necessary to connect the PDWN pin, it is recommended to leave it open. The principle schematic of the power mode control circuitry is shown in Figure 3 PDWN ASKDTA OR FSKDTA On Bias Source Bias Voltage 120 kΩ 120 kΩ FSK FSKOUT On PLL 434 MHz PA PAOUT IC Figure 3 Data Sheet Power mode control circuitry 15 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Table 5 provides a listing of how to get into the different power modes Table 5 PDWN Power Modes FSKDTA ASKDTA Low Low, Open Low, Open Open2) Low Low High3) Low, Open, High Low 1) Open High Low High Low, Open, High Open, High Open High Open, High Open Low, Open, High High 1) Low: MODE POWER DOWN PLL ENABLE TRANSMIT Voltage at pin < 0.7V (PDWN) Voltage at pin < 0.5V (FSKDTA, ASKDTA) 2) Open: Pin open 3) High: Voltage at pin > 1.5V Other combinations of the control pins PDWN, FSKDTA and ASKDTA are not recommended. Data Sheet 16 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description 2.4.5 Recommended Timing Diagrams for ASK- and FSK-Modulation ASK Modulation using FSKDTA and ASKDTA, PDWN not connected Modes: Power Down PLL Enable Transmit High FSKDTA Low to t DATA Open, High ASKDTA Low to t min. 1 msec. Figure 4 ASK Modulation FSK Modulation using FSKDTA and ASKDTA, PDWN not connected. Modes: Power Down PLL Enable Transmit DATA High FSKDTA Low to t to t High ASKDTA Low min. 1 msec. Figure 5 Data Sheet FSK Modulation 17 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Functional Description Alternative ASK Modulation, FSKDTA not connected. Modes: Power Down PLL Enable Transmit High PDWN Low to t DATA Open, High ASKDTA Low to t min. 1 msec. Figure 6 Alternative ASK Modulation Alternative FSK Modulation Modes: Power Down PLL Enable Transmit High PDWN Low to t Open, High ASKDTA Low to t DATA Open, High FSKDTA Low to t min. 1 msec. Figure 7 Data Sheet Alternative FSK Modulation 18 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications 3 Applications 3.1 50 Ohm-Output Testboard Schematic Figure 8 Data Sheet 50 Ohm-output testboard schematic 19 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications 3.2 50 Ohm-Output Testboard Layout Figure 9 Top Side of TDK5110 F-Testboard with 50 Ohm-Output Figure 10 Bottom Side of TDK5110 F-Testboard with 50 Ohm-Output Data Sheet 20 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications 3.3 Reference R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 L1 L2 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 JP1 JP2 Q1 IC1 Data Sheet Bill of Material (50 Ohm-Output Evalboard) Value open open 4k7 12k open 15k open 10p 6p8 open open 100p 10p 39p 1n 3p9 47n 39n 100n n.e. n.e. Pin Pin SMA-connector SMA-connector n.e. solder bridge solder bridge 13.56875 MHz, CL=12pF TDK5110F Specification 0603, +/-5% 0603, +/-5% 0603, +/-5% 0603, C0G, +/-1% 0603, C0G, +/-0,1p 0603, X7R, +/-10% 0603, C0G, +/-1% 0603, C0G, +/-1% 0603, C0G, +/-5% 0603, C0G, +/-0,1p 0603, X7R, +/-10% EPCOS SIMID 0603-C, +/-2% EPCOS SIMID 0603-C, +/-2% single-pole connector, 2,54mm single-pole connector, 2,54mm in position "XTAL" in position "FSK" Tokyo Denpa TSS-3B 13.56875 MHz Spec.No. 10-50205 21 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications 3.4 Application Hints on the Crystal Oscillator Application Hints on the crystal oscillator The crystal oscillator achieves a turn on time less than 1 msec when the specified crystal is used. To achieve this, a NIC oscillator type is implemented in the TDK5110F. The input impedance of this oscillator is a negative resistance in series to an inductance. Therefore the load capacitance of the crystal CL (specified by the crystal supplier) is transformed to the capacitance Cv. -R L f, CL Cv IC Figure 11 Application Hints Formula 1: Cv = CL: 1 1 + ω 2L CL crystal load capacitance for nominal frequency ω: angular frequency L: inductance of the crystal oscillator Example for the ASK-Mode: Referring to the application circuit, in ASK-Mode the capacitance C2 is replaced by a short to ground. Assume a crystal frequency of 13.56MHz and a crystal load capacitance of CL = 12 pF. The inductance L at 13.56MHz is about 4.6 µH. Therefore C1 is calculated to 10 pF. Cv = Data Sheet 1 1 +ω 2L CL 22 = C1 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications Example for the FSK-Mode: FSK modulation is achieved by switching the load capacitance of the crystal as shown below. FSKDTA FSKOUT Csw -R L f, CL Cv1 Cv2 COSC IC Figure 12 FSK Mode The frequency deviation of the crystal oscillator is multiplied with the divider factor N of the Phase Locked Loop to the output of the power amplifier. In case of small frequency deviations (up to +/- 1000 ppm), the two desired load capacitances can be calculated with the formula below. CL ± = 2(C 0 + CL ) ∆f (1 + ) N * f1 C1 ∆f 2(C 0 + CL ) 1± (1 + ) N * f1 C1 CL m C 0 CL: crystal load capacitance for nominal frequency C0: shunt capacitance of the crystal f: frequency ω: ω = 2πf: angular frequency N: division ratio of the PLL df: peak frequency deviation Because of the inductive part of the TDK5110F, these values must be corrected by Formula 1 on the preceding page. The value of Cv± can be calculated. Data Sheet 23 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications Cv ± = 1 1 +ω 2L CL ± If the FSK switch is closed, Cv± is equal to Cv1 (C1 in the application diagram). If the FSK switch is open, Cv2 (C2 in the application diagram) can be calculated. Cv 2 = C 2 = Csw: Csw ∗ Cv1 − (Cv + ) ∗ (Cv1 + Csw ) (Cv + ) − Cv1 parallel capacitance of the FSK switch (3 pF incl. layout parasitics) Remark: These calculations are only approximations. The necessary values depend on the layout also and must be adapted for the specific application board. 3.5 Design Hints on the Clock Output (CLKOUT) The CLKOUT pin is an open collector output. An external pull up resistor (RL) should be connected between this pin and the positive supply voltage. The value of RL is depending on the clock frequency and the load capacitance CLD (PCB board plus input capacitance of the microcontroller). RL can be calculated to: RL = Table 6 1 fCLKOUT * 8 * CLD Clock Output fCLKOUT=847.5 kHz Remark: Data Sheet CL[pF] RL[kOhm] 5 27 10 12 20 6.8 To achieve a low current consumption and a low spurious radiation, the largest possible RL should be chosen. 24 V 1.1, 2006-07-10 TDK5110F Applications Even harmonics of the signal at CLKOUT can interact with the crystal oscillator input COSC preventing the start-up of oscillation. Care must be taken in layout by sufficient separation of the signal lines to ensure sufficiently small coupling. 3.6 Application Hints on the Power-Amplifier The power amplifier operates in a high efficient class C mode. This mode is characterized by a pulsed operation of the power amplifier transistor at a current flow angle of θ