FAN5665

FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost February 2008 FAN5665 High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Features 5V Fixed Output Voltage 30mA Maximum Output Current Built-in Charge Pump with Three Modes of Operation: 1×, 1.5×, and 2× Minimum External Components Flying Capacitors Only 0.22µF Low-noise, Constant-frequency Operation (1.2MHz) at Heavy Loads High-efficiency, Low-frequency Operation at Light Loads Low Quiescent Current Up to 92% Efficiency 2.9V to 5.5V Input Voltage Range Soft-start for Limiting Inrush Current Input Under-Voltage Lockout Protection (UVLO) Short-Circuit Protection (SCP) Thermal Shutdown Protection (TSD) 8-bump 1.21 x 1.21mm, 0.4mm Pitch WLCSP +5V C OUT 2.2µF C2 0.22µF VOUT C2+ C2C1C1 0.22µF C1+ VIN C IN 2.2µF GND EN +2.9 to 5.5V Description The FAN5665 is a 5V switched capacitor step-up DC/DC converter with an input voltage range from 2.9V to 5.5V. Switch reconfiguration and fractional switching techniques are utilized to achieve high efficiency over the entire input voltage range. The FAN5665 includes built-in under-voltage lockout, short circuit, and thermal protection circuitry. The FAN5665 is available in an 8-bump 0.4mm pitch WLCSP package. Applications USB I/O Supply Regulators Cell Phones, Smart-Phones Pocket PCs PDA, DSC, PMP, and MP3 Players Figure 1. Typical Application Ordering Information Part Number FAN5665UCX Operating Temperature Range -40°C to +85°C Package 8-Lead Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package (WLCSP), 1.21x1.21mm Packing Method Tape and Reel All packages are lead free per JEDEC: J-STD-020B standard. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Pin Configuration Figure 2. Pin Configuration Pin Definitions Pin # A1 A2 A3 B1 B3 C1 C2 C3 Name C1GND EN C1+ VIN VOUT C2+ C2- Description Bucket capacitor 1. Connect this pin to the negative terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. Ground. Enable. Enables the IC when high. Disables the IC when low and enters shutdown mode. No internal pull-up or pull-down; this pin should not be left floating. Bucket capacitor 1. Connect this pin to the positive terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. Power input. Regulated 5V output. Bucket capacitor 2. Connect this pin to the positive terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. Bucket capacitor 2. Connect this pin to the negative terminal of the bucket (flying) capacitor. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol VIN TJ TSTG TL ESD VIN Pin Parameter EN, VOUT, C1+, C1-, C2+, C2- Pins Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Lead Soldering Temperature, 10 Seconds Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 Charged Device Model, JESD22-C101 Min. –0.3 –0.3 –40 –65 3.5 2 Max. +6.0 +6.0 +150 +150 +260 Unit V V °C °C °C kV Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol VIN IOUT TA TJ CIN, COUT C1, C2 Output Current Parameter Power Supply Range Operating Ambient Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Range Input, output capacitor Bucket capacitor Min. 2.9 0 –40 –40 Typ. Max. 5.5 30 +85 +125 Unit V mA °C °C µF µF 2.2 0.22 Thermal Properties Symbol ΘJA Parameter Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance Min. Typ. 170 (1) Max. Units °C/W Note: 1. Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance is a function of application and board layout. This data is measured with four-layer boards in accordance with JESD51- JEDEC standard. Special attention must be paid not to exceed maximum junction temperature (TJ) at a given ambient temperate (TA). © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Electrical Characteristics Unless otherwise noted, VIN = 2.9V to 5.5V, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, and test circuit is Figure 1. Typical values are at TA = 25°C, VIN = 3.6V. Symbol Power Supplies ISD IDD VIH VIL IIH VHUVLO VLUVLO Regulation VOUT Parameter Shutdown Current Quiescent Current Enable High-level Input Voltage Enable Low-level Input Voltage Enable Pin Input Current Under-voltage Lockout High Threshold Under-voltage Lockout Low Threshold UVLO Hysteresis Voltage Accuracy Conditions VIN = 3.6V VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 0mA VIN = 5.5V, IOUT = 0mA Min. Typ. 0.1 190 108 Max. 1.0 300 200 0.4 Units µA µA V V µA V V mV 1.1 EN = 1.8V VIN Rising VIN Falling 2.60 2.30 0.01 1.00 2.80 2.60 250 4.85 VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 2mA VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 30mA VOUT < 150mV Rising Temperature Hysteresis VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 20mA VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 2mA EN = 0 to 1 0.9 40 45 5.00 25 15 55 150 20 1.2 49 570 1.5 65 950 (2) 5.15 V mVpp VOUT_RIPPLE Output Voltage Ripple ISC TSD Timing fOSC tss Internal Oscillator Frequency Soft-start Short-Circuit Current Limit Thermal Shutdown 80 mA °C MHz kHz µs Note: 2. Guaranteed by design. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 4 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. 50.5 Switching Frequency (kHz) 50.0 49.5 49.0 48.5 48.0 47.5 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.9 Input Voltage (V) IOUT=2mA 1.2163 Switching Frequency (MHz) 1.2042 IOUT=20mA 1.1921 1.1800 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.9 Input Voltage (V) Figure 3. Light-Load Switching Frequency vs. Input Voltage Figure 4. Heavy-Load Switching Frequency vs. Input Voltage 80 Switching Frequecy (kHz) Switching Frequecy (MHz) 1.34 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -40 VIN=3.6V, IOUT=2mA 1.32 1.30 1.28 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.20 1.18 1.16 1.14 -40 VIN=3.6V, IOUT=20mA -15 10 35 60 85 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 5. Light-Load Switching Frequency vs. Temperature Figure 6. Heavy-Load Switching Frequency vs. Temperature 250 Quiescent Current (μ A) 200 150 100 50 0 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 Quiescent Current (µA) IOUT=0mA 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 VIN =5.5V IOUT= 0mA VIN =3.6V 4.9 5.4 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Input Voltage (V) Temperature (°C) Figure 7. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage Figure 8. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 5 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. 2.80 2.75 UVLO Threshold (V) 2.65 2.60 2.55 2.50 2.45 2.40 2.35 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) UVLO Rising UVLO Falling 5.06 5.04 Output Voltage (V) 5.02 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 4.92 4.90 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Output Current (mA) VIN=2.9V VIN=4.2V VIN=5.5V 2.70 Figure 9. UVLO Threshold vs. Temperature 5.04 5.02 Output Voltage (V) 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 4.92 4.90 4.88 4.86 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) IOUT =20mA IOUT =30mA Figure 10. Load Regulation 5.08 5.06 Output Voltage (V) 5.04 5.02 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 4.92 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 Temperature (°C) IOUT=30mA IOUT=20mA V IN=4V VIN=2.9V IOUT =1mA IOUT=1mA Figure 11. 5.12 5.10 Output Voltage (V) 5.08 5.06 5.04 5.02 5.00 4.98 4.96 -40 Output Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 12. 5.06 5.04 Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage vs. Temperature IOUT =0mA IOUT =20mA VIN=5.5V IOUT =1mA IOUT =20mA 5.02 5.00 4.98 4.96 4.94 4.92 4.90 IOUT =30mA IOUT =30mA -15 10 35 60 85 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5 5.3 Temperature (°C) Input Voltage (V) Figure 13. Output Voltage vs. Temperature Iout = 1mA Figure 14. Line Regulation 95 90 Efficiency (%) 85 80 75 70 65 VIN=2.9V VIN=4.3V VIN =5.5V 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.4 Input Voltage (V) Iout = 5mA Iout = 10mA Iout = 20mA Iout = 30mA Efficiency (%) 4.9 5.4 0 10 20 30 Output Current (mA) Figure 15. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 Figure 16. Efficiency vs. Output Current www.fairchildsemi.com 6 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 17. Load Transient from 0 to 30mA in 1× Mode Figure 18. Load Transient from 30 to 0mA in 1× Mode Figure 19. Load Transient from 0 to 30mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 20. Load Transient from 30 to 0mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 21. Load Transient from 0 to 20mA in 2× Mode © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 7 Figure 22. Load Transient from 20 to 0mA in 2× Mode www.fairchildsemi.com FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 23. Load Transient from 4 to 8mA in 2× Mode Figure 24. Load Transient from 8 to 4mA in 2× Mode Figure 25. Start-up at IOUT = 30mA in 1× Mode Figure 26. Turn-off at IOUT = 30mA in 1× Mode Figure 27. Start-up at IOUT = 30mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 28. Turn-off at IOUT = 30mA in 1.5× Mode © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 8 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 29. Start-up at IOUT = 30mA in 2× Mode Figure 30. Turn-off at IOUT = 30mA in 2× Mode Figure 31. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 30mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 32. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 20mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 33. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 30mA in 2× Mode © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 9 Figure 34. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 20mA in 2× Mode www.fairchildsemi.com FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Unless otherwise noted, CIN = 2.2µF, COUT = 2.2µF, C1 = C2 = 0.22µF, TA = 25°C. Figure 35. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 2mA in 1.5× Mode Figure 36. Input and Output Ripple at IOUT = 2mA in 2× Mode Figure 37. Line Transient 600mV Rising Figure 38. Line Transient 600mV Falling © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 10 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Block Diagram Figure 39. Block Diagram Functional Description Overview FAN5665 is a 5V switched capacitor regulator with very low output ripple and high efficiency. The maximum output current is 30mA. Light / Heavy Load Monitor In 1.5× / 2× mode, there is a current sense to detect the output current. If a light-load condition is detected, the device switches to a lower switching frequency around 50kHz. This frequency is a good compromise between achieving high light-load efficiency and not causing audible noise generation. If the load is heavy (typically more than 5mA), the device switches at 1.2MHz to decrease the output voltage ripple. Linear Regulation Loop The linear regulation loop (consisting of the power transistors, output feedback, and error amplifier), is used to regulate the output voltage and reduce current spikes at mode change. Protection FAN5665 has thermal shutdown protection when the die temperature is more than 150°C. It turns back off when the temperature falls by about 10°C. Short-circuit protection helps avoid damage to the device when the output is shorted to ground. Whenever output voltage is pulled below 150mV, short-circuit protection is triggered and limits the input current. If VOUT>150mV, protection is in the form of thermal shutdown if die temperature exceeds 150°C. www.fairchildsemi.com 11 Soft-start At power-up, the device has 0.5ms soft-start to control the inrush current and make the output ramp up slowly. Modes of Operation FAN5665 has 1×, 1.5×, and 2× modes. Input voltage is compared with reference to determine mode. © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Applications Information The high switching frequency of 1.2MHz allows the use of small capacitors, but the material of the capacitor affects the input and output ripple, so the low-ESR capacitors are desirable. Another parameter affected by ESR is the efficiency. For proper operation, two ceramic bucket capacitors, along with one ceramic input capacitor and one ceramic output capacitor, are recommended (as shown in Figure 1). Bucket Capacitor Selection The bucket (flying) capacitor is usually the smallest capacitor in a charge pump circuit, but its ESR can play a significant role in determining the output voltage tolerance. Only ceramic capacitors are recommended in this position. The flying capacitance is determined by the switching frequency. At 1.2MHz, 0.22µF flying capacitors are suitable for most applications, but can be increased to improve the output tolerance. Depending on the material of the multilayer ceramic capacitor, a substantial amount of capacitance may be lost over a wide temperature range. At least X5R and X7R capacitors are recommended for their relatively stable temperature characteristics. Z5U- or Y5V-type capacitors are not recommended. The following table shows a typical recommended bucket capacitor. Input Capacitor Selection In general, the ripple on the input power rail also affects the output ripple. The lower the ESR of the input capacitor, the lower the input and output ripple. The input capacitor may need to be adjusted, both in its value and in its physical placement on the PCB, depending upon the characteristics of the voltage source proving the input power. In general, a 1 to 2µF ceramic capacitor placed close to the FAN5665 suffices. X5R and X7R capacitors provide adequate performance over -40ºC to +85ºC. The following table represents typical recommended input capacitors. Description Part Number Vendor Murata Description Capacitor 2.2µF, 10%, 6.3V, X5R, 0603 Capacitor 2.2µF, 20%, 6.3V, X5R, 0402 Part Number GRM188R60J225KE19D Vendor Murata Capacitor 0.22µF, 10%, GRM155R60J224KE01D 6.3V, X5R, 0402 Increasing Output Current Capability Two parallel FAN5665s increase the output current. In such a configuration, the VIN, VOUT, GND, and EN pins of each IC should be connected together, but the respective C1 and C2 pins must be kept separate. Separate local input and output bypassing / decoupling may be required to reduce output noise and ripple. EN VOUT C1+ C1VIN GND C2C2+ C2 0.22µF GRM155R60J225ME15D Murata Output Capacitor Selection In general, multilayer ceramic capacitors are recommended for low ESR. The value of the output bulk capacitance in relation to the switching frequency of the converter also determines the overall output voltage ripple. A higher value of output capacitance reduces the voltage droop during load transients. Typically, the output capacitor can be 5 to 50 times larger than the bucket capacitor(s), depending on the desired output ripple tolerance. Both X5R- and X7R-rated capacitors provide adequate performance over a -40ºC to +85ºC temperature range. The following table contains typical recommended output capacitors. COUT 2.2µF CIN 2.2µF 2.9 to5.5V V BAT C1 0.22µF EN +5V COUT 2.2µF EN VOUT C1+ C1- VIN GND C2C2+ CIN 2.2µF C1 0.22µF C2 0.22µF Description Capacitor 2.2µF, 10%, 6.3V, X5R, 0603 Capacitor 2.2µF, 20%, 6.3V, X5R, 0402 Part Number GRM188R60J225KE19D Vendor Figure 40. Two FAN5665s in Parallel Murata GRM155R60J225ME15D Murata © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 12 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Applications Information (Continued) LED Driver The FAN5665 can be configured as an LED driver, as shown in Figure 41. The constant current is generated by putting a resistor in series with the LED. The value of series resistor is dictated by the current through the LED. The maximum current that the FAN5665 can deliver is 30mA. The number of parallel branches and current through LEDs should be chosen according to the maximum output current. VIN C IN 2.2µF GND C2C2+ VOUT C1+ C1C OUT 2.2µF C1 0.22µF RS EN Enable VOUT=5V PCB Layout The PCB layout should be designed carefully due to the high switching frequency and corresponding transient currents. All the external capacitors should be connected very close to the pins of the IC. A clean board layout with a good ground plane ensures proper operation of the device. A PCB recommendation for a two-layer board is shown in Figure 42. Note that the bottom layer is a dedicated ground plane. ILED=10mA ILED=10mA RS C2 0.22µF Figure 41. LED Driver Example Circuit Figure 42. PCB Layout © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 13 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost Physical Dimensions Product FAN5665UCX D 1.210 +/- 0.030mm E 1.210 +/- 0.030mm X 0.205mm Y 0.205mm Figure 43. 8-Lead Wafer-Level Chip-Scale Package (WLCSP) Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/ © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 14 FAN5665 — High-Efficiency, Adaptive Charge Pump 5V Boost © 2007 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN5665 • Rev. 1.0.1 www.fairchildsemi.com 15