FCM8202QY

FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller November 2010 FCM8202 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Features Supports Space Vector Modulation (SVM) Supports Sine-Wave & Square-Wave Solutions Built-in Clock Generator Built-in Error Amplifier for Torque Loop Control Direct Duty Control Square-Wave 120°, Sine-Wave 180° Turn-on PLL Angle Detection (Hall Sensors) Current Leading Phase Correction Two Selectable Dead Times Synchronous Rectifying Over-Voltage and Under-Voltage Protections Motor and Power Transistors for Over-Voltage Protections (OVP) Three Levels of Over-Current Protections (OCP) Adjustable OC Timer Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Description FCM8202 is a three-phase sinusoidal brushless (BLDC) motor controller with the advanced Hall sensor design. Using the Hall sensor signals, the control system is able to execute the PWM commutation by switching the three-phase inverter. There are two PWM modes: SineWave Mode and Square-Wave Mode. The SquareWave Mode includes PWM-PWM and PWM-ON approaches to improve the efficiency of the motor drive. Complete protection functions including over-voltage, over-current, over-temperature, and short-circuit protections prevent the control circuits and the motor from being damaged, particularly under stressed applications and demanding environments. Applications BLDC Motor Control Low Noise Motor Applications Fan, Pump, Tools, etc. Ordering Information Part Number FCM8202QY Operating Temperature Range -40°C to 85°c Package 32-Pin, Leadless Quad Flat Pack Package (LQFP), JEDEC MS-026, Variation BCE, 7mm Square Packing Method Tray © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Typical Application Circuit Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit Block Diagram Figure 2. System Block Diagram © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 2 FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Marking Information F- Fairchild Logo Z- Plant Code X- 1-Digit Year Code Y- 1-Digit Week Code TT: 2-Digit Die Run Code T: Package Type (Q=LQFP) P: Y=Green Package M: Die Run Code Figure 3. Top Mark Pin Configuration Figure 4. Pin Configuration © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 3 FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Pin Definitions Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Name HOVP HA HB HC CW/CCW FREE/nST APRS DTS FO DGND VOUT IP OPO IN I_FB DUTY R_CLK AGND I_IN AS VSENSE RT OC_TMR nFAULT VPP Z W Y V X U PGND Description Motor Drive Over-Voltage Protection Output. Can be connected to an external power transistor for discharging the Back-EMF. Hall A Sensor Input. Phase-U magnetic field detection. Hall B Sensor Input. Phase-V magnetic field detection. Hall C Sensor Input. Phase-W magnetic field detection. Direction Control Input. This pin has a 200KΩ internal pull-up. HIGH: CW, LOW: CCW. Free and Start Control Input. This pin has a 200KΩ internal pull-up. HIGH: Free, LOW: Start. Angle Predict Range Selection Input. This pin has a 200KΩ internal pull-up. LOW: 0.8 ~ 80Hz, HIGH: 3.2 ~ 320Hz Hall Frequency. Dead-Time Selection Input. This pin has a 200KΩ internal pull-up. LOW: 3µs, HIGH: 4µs. Revolution Pulse Output. Pulses per revolution = motor poles ÷ 2 × 3. Digital Ground Voltage Regulator Output. A 0.1µF (minimum) capacitor should be connected between this pin and ground. Positive Input of Torque Error Amplifier Output of Torque Error Amplifier Negative Input of Torque Error Amplifier Current Feedback Output PWM Duty Control Input. Designed to directly control the PWM duty cycle. External Resistor of Clock Generator. Designed for determining the frequency of internal clock generator. Analog Ground Current Feedback Input Angle Shift Input. Designed for correcting the lead angle of PWM output signals. The range is from 0° to 60° related to the induced magnetic voltage. Motor Drive Voltage-Sensing Resistor. Designed for determining the voltage level of overvoltage protections. Thermistor Voltage Input. Connect to a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor for the over-temperature protection. Overload Time-Out Programmable Input. Connect to a capacitor for determining the time delay of overload protection. Fault Flag. Open-drain output, LOW: system failure. Supply Voltage Input PWM Output of W-Phase, Low-Side PWM Output of W-Phase, High-Side PWM Output of V-Phase, Low-Side PWM Output of V-Phase, High-Side PWM Output of U-Phase, Low-Side PWM Output of U-Phase, High-Side High-Voltage Ground © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 4 FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended. In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability. The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only. Symbol VPP ESD Supply Voltage Electrostatic Discharge Protection Level Parameter Human Body Model, JESD22-A114 Charged Device Model, JESD22-C101 Min. 0 Max. 30 2.50 1.25 Unit V kV Recommended Operating Conditions The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings. Symbol TA VPP fSYS R_CLK RI_IN Supply Voltage System Clock Parameter Operating Ambient Temperature Min. -40 10.0 0.96 Typ. 12.0 1.28 12 10 Max. +85 17.5 1.92 Unit °C V MHz kΩ kΩ Clock Generator External Resistor I_IN Bias Resistor © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 5 FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Electrical Characteristics VPP=12V and TA=25°C unless otherwise noted. Symbol VPP Section VPP_ON VPP_OFF IDD_OP VVOUT IVOUT CVOUT VIH_HALL VIL_HALL VHYS_HALL tDEB_HALL RDIO_UP Parameter Turn-On Threshold Voltage Turn-Off Threshold Voltage Operating Supply Current Regulator Output Voltage Regulator Output Current Regulator External Capacitor Hall Signals Input High-Level Hall Signals Input Low-Level Hall Signals Hysteresis Voltage Hall Signals De-bounce Time Digital I/O Internal Pull High Resistor PWM Signals Output High-Level (U/V/W/X/Y/Z) PWM Signals Output Low-Level (U/V/W/X/Y/Z) HOVP Output High-Level HOVP Output Low-Level Full Duty Voltage of DUTY Pin Zero Duty Voltage of DUTY Pin PWM Minimum On Time PWM Dead Time 3µS PWM Dead Time 4µS PWM Frequency 20KHz Current Source Capability of OPO Pin Current Sink Capability of OPO Pin Gain of Torque Error Amplifier Unit-Gain Bandwidth of Torque Error Amplifier Sine Wave Enable Threshold of DUTY Pin Sine Wave Disable Threshold of DUTY Pin Sine Wave Enable Debounce Time Sine Wave Disable Debounce Time Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units 8.5 7.5 9.0 8.0 5.0 5.2 9.5 8.5 6.5 5.5 10 0.1 4.0 1.0 2.0 150 2.5 5 200 250 3.0 V V mA V mA µF V V V µs kΩ VPP=12V, fSYS=1.28MHz Output Current 5mA VVOUT=5.2V 4.0 5.0 Voltage Regulator Section Digital I/O Section High-Voltage I/O Section VOH_PWM VOL_PWM VOH_HOVP VOL_HOVP VFD VZD tPWM_MIN tDEAD0 tDEAD1 fPWM_20K ISOURCE_OPO ISINK_OPO AvERR GBW ERR VPP=12V, IO=4mA VPP=12V, IO=4mA VPP=12V, IO=1mA VPP=12V, IO=1mA 4.1 R_CLK=12KΩ DTS=LOW DTS=HIGH R_CLK=12KΩ IP=5V, IN=0V, OPO=0V IP=0V, IN=5V, OPO=5V 2.5 3.5 18.5 4.5 -4.5 4.5 0.7 1 3.0 4.0 20.0 5.0 -5.0 60 10 3.5 4.5 21.5 5.5 -5.5 10 1 4.6 10 1 V V V V V V µs µs µs KHz mA mA dB MHz PWM Control Section Sine Wave PWM Generator VSIN_ENA VSIN_DIS tSIN_ENA tSIN_DIS 0.75 0.65 1 100 V V ms ms Continued on the following page... © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 6 FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Electrical Characteristics (Continued) VPP=12V and TA=25°C unless otherwise noted. Symbol Parameter Short-Circuit Current Protection Threshold Voltage Cycle-by-Cycle Current Protection Threshold Voltage Overload Current Protection Threshold Voltage OC_TMR Threshold Voltage OC_TMR Charge Current OC_TMR Discharge Current Bias Current of I_IN I_FB Output Current I_FB Output Gain System OVP Threshold Voltage System OVP Release Voltage System OVP Debounce Time System UVP Threshold Voltage System UVP Release Voltage VOUT UVP Threshold Voltage VOUT UVP Release Voltage Motor Drive Voltage OVP Threshold Voltage Motor Drive Voltage OVP Release Voltage OTP Threshold Voltage OTP Release Voltage RT Pin Source Current Pin Short Protection Level Pin Open Protection Level Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units Over-Current Protection Section VOCP_SH VOCP_CYC VOCP_OL VOC_TMR ITMR_CHG ITMR_DIS IBIAS_I_IN IO_I_FB GI_FB VOV_VPP VOV_VPP_RLS tOV_VPP VUV_VPP VUV_VPP_RLS VUV_VOUT VUV_VOUT_RLS VOV_MOTOR VRL_MOTOR VRT VRT_RLS IRT VSHORT VOPEN 2.5 1.5 1.4 2.5 OC_TMR=0V OC_TMR=5V RI_IN=10kΩ 30 5 40 40 10 50 0.5 8 18 17 100 7.5 8.5 8.0 9.0 4 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.0 0.9 1.15 40 R_CLK pin R_CLK and RT pins 4.6 1.0 1.20 50 0.2 4.8 5.2 1.1 1.25 60 4.8 8.5 9.5 V V µs V V V V V V V V µA V V 50 15 60 V V V V µA µA µA mA Over- / Under-Voltage Protection (OVP/UVP) Section Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Section Pin Open / Short Protection Section © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 7 FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller Typical Performance Characteristics Figure 5. PWM-Full Duty Voltage (VFD) vs. Temperature Figure 6. PWM Zero-Duty Voltage (VZD) vs. Temperature Figure 7. PWM Frequency 20KHz (fPWM_20K) vs. Temperature Figure 8. PWM Dead Time 3µs (tDEAD0) vs. Temperature Figure 9. OPO Current Source (ISOURCE_OPO) vs. Temperature © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 Figure 10. OPO Current Sink (ISINK_OPO) vs. Temperature www.fairchildsemi.com 8 FCM8202 — Sine wave drive brushless DC motor controller design specification Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued) Figure 11. I_IN Bias Current (IBIAS_I_IN) vs. Temperature Figure 12. RT Current Source (IRT) vs. Temperature Figure 13. OTP Threshold Voltage (VRT) vs. Temperature Figure 14. Motor OVP Threshold Voltage (VOV_MOTOR) vs. Temperature Figure 15. VPP Turn-On Threshold Voltage (VPP_ON) vs. Temperature Figure 16. VPP Turn-Off Threshold Voltage (VPP_OFF) vs. Temperature © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 9 FCM8202 — Sine wave drive brushless DC motor controller design specification Functional Description Power Management and Regulator FCM8202 can be operated in a wide input voltage (VPP) range from 10V to 17.5V. The VOUT pin is the output terminal of an internal voltage regulator. The typical output voltage ranges between 5.0V and 5.2V. To stabilize the VOUT circuit, an external capacitor must be connected closely between this terminal and the ground. If the VPP voltage is lower than 8V threshold, the FCM8202 is shut-down and all the internal registers are reset. HALL Signals Input FCM8202 provides a 3~6µs debounce time for each Hall signal input to reduce the glitch of the Hall signals. When the transition of the Hall signal is slow, a glitch might be produced and an error follow. Through a builtin Hall signal debounce circuit, FCM8202 minimizes the risk of the glitches and related errors. PWM Duty Cycle and Operation The PWM duty is proportional to the voltage levels on the OPO pin and DUTY pin. A FREE/nST pin is utilized to enable the PWM signals. When FREE/nST pin is set as logic HIGH, the PWM state is in Free Mode and all PWM outputs (U, V, W, X, Y, Z pins) are logic LOW. Once the FREE/nST pin goes logic LOW, the FCM8202 starts operating the PWM. Clock Generator FCM8202 comes with a programmable oscillator. Being determined by an externally added resistor, the system clock, R_CLK, can be programmed from 960KHz to 1920KHz. The switching frequency of the PWM signal is equal to 1/64 (divided by 64) of the system clock. Therefore, when the system clock is configured as 960KHz, PWM is 960KHz / 64 = 15KHz. Similarly, if a 20KHz PWM is intended, the system clock should be set as 1.28MHz. Sine-Wave Generator FCM8202 includes space vector modulation (SVM) for the sine-wave PWM. An angle-detect circuit phaselocks the rotor position using the Hall signals of the motor. The resolution is 32 steps per 60°. Through the PWM operation, the motor current of each phase is sine-wave. The angle shift between each phase is 120°. PWM Commutation FCM8202 supports both square-wave PWM and sinewave PWM for the BLDC motor control. The controller comes with the Hall-sensor design used to align the rotor position of the motor. For Square-Wave Mode, the PWM output commutation is shown at Table 1. Table 1. Square Wave Commutation CW X X 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hall 000 111 001 011 010 110 100 101 101 100 110 010 011 001 Hall 0 7 1 3 2 6 4 5 5 4 6 2 3 1 U-V-W 0-0-0 0-0-0 P-0-0 0-0-P 0-0-P 0-P-0 0-P-0 P-0-0 0-0-P 0-0-P P-0-0 P-0-0 0-P-0 0-P-0 X-Y-Z 0-0-0 0-0-0 Pb-1-0 0-1-Pb 1-0-Pb 1-Pb-0 0-Pb-1 Pb-0-1 1-0-Pb 0-1-Pb Pb-1-0 Pb-0-1 0-Pb-1 1-Pb-0 Figure 17. Sine-Wave Output at CW=1 Note: 1. P= PWM, Pb= PWM inverse. 2. X= don’t care. © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 10 FCM8202 — Sine wave drive brushless DC motor controller design specification Figure 19. Current Feedback Flow FCM8202 provides three levels of over-current protection (OCP). The first level is 1.4V, is used for overload current protection with the OCP timer delay. If the I_IN is higher than 1.4V, the OC timer is triggered. The OC_Latch is enabled once the timer is exceeds its time-out limit. The second level is 1.5V, used for the cycle-by-cycle current limit. The PWM signal is turned off immediately when the I_IN is > 1.5V. The third level is 2.5V, designed for short-circuit protection. If the I_IN is > 2.5V for over three PWM pulses, all PWM outputs (U, V, W, X, Y, Z pins) are turned off. Figure 18. Sine-Wave Output at CW=0 Current Feedback and Protections The current feedback circuit performs two major functions: (1) for generating a current feedback signal for the motor control (2) for the over-current protection. The I_IN pin outputs 50µA current to provide a DC bias on the I_IN terminal to prevent a negative voltage. Equation 1 shows the I_FB and the I_IN. A 0.5V DC bias on I_IN is recommended. The maximum average current signal is 1V. By using these parameters, the maximum I_FB signal swing is 0.5V~4.5V. VI _ FB = (VS × 8) + ( I BIAS _ I _ IN × RBIAS ) (1) Protections and Faults Table 2. Faults Table Type VPP OV VPP UV VOUT UV RT OS Hall Error HOVP OC_Latch SHORT State Free Free, Reset Free Free Free Free Free Free Free Trigger VPP > 18V VPP < 8V VOUT < 4V RT < 1.0V Open and Short Hall = 000 or 111 VSENSE > 4.5V I_IN > 1.4V I_IN > 2.5V Release VPP < 17V VPP > 9V VOUT > 4.5V RT > 1.2V FREE/nST VSENSE < 4.0V FREE/nST FREE/nST © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 11 FCM8202 — Sine wave drive brushless DC motor controller design specification Physical Dimensions 9.0 7.0 D 24 17 8.70 0.80 A 25 16 B 7.0 9.0 8.70 32 1 8 9 PIN #1 IDENT TOP VIEW 1.80 0.20 C A-B D ALL LEADTIPS 0.45 LAND PATTERN RECOMMENDATION 1.45 1.35 SEE DETAIL A 0.8 32X C 0.45 0.30 SEATING PLANE 0.20 C A-B D 7.1 32X 6.9 SIDE VIEW NOTES: R0.08-0.20 R0.08 MIN 0.25 GAGE PLANE 12° TOP & BOTTOM 1.6 MAX A) CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-026 VARIATION BBA B) ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS. C) DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M-1994. E) DIMENSIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE OF BURRS, MOLD FLASH, AND TIE BAR PROTRUSIONS. F) LANDPATTERN STANDARD: QFP80P900X900X160-32BM. G) DRAWING FILE NAME: MKT-VBE32AREV2 0.20 MIN 0.75 0.45 1.0 0.15 0.05 DETAIL A 0.10 C Figure 20. 32-Pin, Leadless Quad Flat Pack Package (LQFP) Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products. Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings: http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/. © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 12 FCM8202 — Sine wave drive brushless DC motor controller design specification © 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 13