KH600

www.fairchildsemi.com KH600 1GHz, Differential Input/Output Amplifier Features s s s s s s s s General Description The KH600 is the first amplifier to combine differential input and output with a bandwidth of DC-1GHz at 2Vpp. The inputs and outputs are 100Ω differential (50Ω single ended). The KH600 operates from ±5V supplies and offers a fixed gain of 14dB (5V/V). The KH600 also offers optional supply current, differential output offset voltage, and common mode offset voltage adjustments. The KH600 is constructed using Fairchild's in-house thin film resistor/bipolar transistor technology. The KH600 is available in a 12-pin TO8 package. DC - 1GHz bandwidth Fixed 14dB (5V/V) gain 100Ω (differential) inputs and outputs -74/-64dBc 2nd/3rd HD at 50MHz 45mA output current 9Vpp into 100Ω differential load 13,000V/µs slew rate Optional supply current and offset voltage adjustment Applications s s s s s ATE systems High-end instrumentation High bandwidth output amplifier Differential buffer Line driver Typical Application 100 Single Tone Intercept Point 90 Distortion (dBm) Differential 100Ω Source + 50Ω 50Ω 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 0 50 100 I2 The KH600 includes 50Ω resistors from each input to ground (resulting in a differential input impedance of 100Ω). I3 150 200 250 300 350 Frequency (MHz) 2nd and 3rd Harmonic Distortion -30 Vo = 2Vpp 5Vpp Pulse Response 3 2 -40 Distortion (dBc) -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 2nd 3rd Output voltage (V) 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Time (2ns/div) Frequency (MHz) REV. 1A February 2001 DATA SHEET KH600 KH600 Electrical Characteristics Parameters Case Temperature Vo = 2Vpp DC to 250MHz DC to 500MHz full power bandwidth Vo = 8Vpp linear phase deviation DC to 500MHz gain 1MHz DC input return loss (single-ended 50Ω) DC = 250MHz DC = 500MHz output return loss (single-ended 50Ω) DC = 500MHz Time Domain Response rise and fall time overload recovery slew rate Distortion and Noise Response 2nd harmonic distortion 3rd harmonic distortion input referred noise noise figure DC Performance output offset voltage average drift power supply rejection ratio (±Vs) supply current Output Characteristics output voltage swing output current Recommended Operating Conditions total supply voltage -Vb +Vb1, +Vb2 input voltage (relative to gain) 2V step 8V step Vin = 4Vpp 8V step 5Vpp, 50MHz 2Vpp, 50MHz 1Vpp, 200MHz 5Vpp, 50MHz 2Vpp, 50MHz 1Vpp, 200MHz >1MHz Frequency Domain Response -3dB bandwidth peaking Conditions (G = +5V/V (14dB), RL = 100Ω (differential), Ta = +25°C, +Vb1 = +Vb2 = +Vs = +5V, -Vb = -Vs = -5V; unless noted) TYP +25°C 1000 0.2 0.5 350 3 14 14.3 22 14 27 350 1 900 13,000 61 74 65 46 64 70 1.35 6.5 -18 200 55 67 22 9 ±45 4 to 12 0 to -12 0 to 12 ±2 Min & Max +25°C MHz dB dB MHz deg dB dB dB dB dB ps ns ps V/µs dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc dBc nV/√Hz dB mV µV/°C dB mA mA Vpp mA V V V V UNITS NOTES ±0.1 1 61 57 1 1 I/O’s terminated into 50Ω to GND DC ±Vs pins ±Vb pins (+Vb1 shorted to +Vb2) differential ±60 70 24 1 1 1 (+Vs to -Vs) Min/max ratings are based on product characterization and simulation. Individual parameters are tested as noted. Outgoing quality levels are determined from tested parameters. NOTES: 1) 100% tested at 25°C. Absolute Maximum Ratings total supply voltage maximum junction temperature storage temperature range lead temperature (10 sec) 15V +150°C -65°C to +150°C +300°C KH600 Package 12-pin TO8 TOP VIEW GND 12 +In 1 +Vb1 11 +Vs 10 +OUT 9 -Vb 2 8 -Vs 3 -In 4 GND 5 +Vb2 6 +Vs 7 -OUT NOTE: Case is grounded. 2 REV. 1A February 2001 KH600 DATA SHEET KH600 Performance Characteristics Small Signal AC Response (S21) (G = +5V/V (14dB), RL = 100Ω (differential), Ta = +25°C, +Vb1 = +Vb2 = +Vs = +5V, -Vb = -Vs = -5V; unless noted) Input and Output Return Loss (S11/S22) 0 -6 -12 -18 -24 -30 -36 -42 -48 -54 -60 -66 S11 Ch1 Magnitude (1dB/div) Magnitude (dB) S22 Ch2 1 10 100 1000 1 10 100 1000 Frequency (MHz) Reverse Isolation (S12) -10 -16 5 Frequency (MHz) Linear Phase Deviation Linear Phase Deviation (deg) 4 3 2 1 0 -1 Magnitude (dB) -22 -28 -34 -40 -46 -52 -58 1 10 100 1000 1 100 200 300 400 500 Frequency (MHz) Input Noise 1.5 6 ±Vb = ±Vs Frequency (MHz) Differential Gain vs. Supply Voltage Input Refered Noise (nV√Hz) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1 10 100 1000 Differential Gain (V/V) 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Frequency (MHz) 2 Tone 3rd Order Intermod. Distortion 20 Vo = 1Vpp Supply Voltage (±V) 2 Tone 3rd Order Intermod. Distortion 20 Vo = 1Vpp 0 0 IMD (dBc) IMD (dBc) -20 -40 -60 -80 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 49.45 49.65 49.85 50.05 50.25 50.45 -100 99.45 99.65 99.85 100.05 100.25 100.45 Frequency (MHz) Frequency (MHz) REV. 1A February 2001 3 DATA SHEET KH600 KH600 Performance Characteristics 2 Tone 3rd Order Intermod. Distortion 20 Vo = 5Vpp (G = +5V/V (14dB), RL = 100Ω (differential), Ta = +25°C, +Vb1 = +Vb2 = +Vs = +5V, -Vb = -Vs = -5V; unless noted) 2 Tone 3rd Order Intermod. Distortion 20 Vo = 5Vpp 0 0 IMD (dBc) -40 -60 -80 IMD (dBc) 49.65 49.85 50.05 50.25 50.45 -20 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 49.45 -100 99.45 99.65 99.85 100.05 100.25 100.45 Frequency (MHz) 2nd Harmonic Distortion vs. Vo -30 -40 Vo = 5Vpp Frequency (MHz) 3rd Harmonic Distortion vs. Vo -30 -40 Vo = 5Vpp Vo = 2Vpp Distortion (dBc) Vo = 2Vpp -60 -70 Vo = 0.5Vpp Distortion (dBc) -50 -50 -60 Vo = 1Vpp -70 -80 Vo = 0.5Vpp -80 -90 Vo = 1Vpp -90 -100 -100 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Frequency (MHz) Single Tone Intercept Point 100 90 24 23 Frequency (MHz) -1dB Compression Power Output (dBm) Distortion (dBm) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 0 50 100 I2 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 0 100 200 300 400 500 I3 150 200 250 300 350 Frequency (MHz) Vs Supply Currents vs. Temperature 72 70 24 23 22 Frequency (MHz) Vb Supply Currents vs. Temperature Supply Current (mA) 68 66 64 62 60 58 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 +Vs -Vs Supply Current (mA) -Vb 21 +Vb1 shorted to +Vb2 20 19 18 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) 4 REV. 1A February 2001 KH600 DATA SHEET KH600 Performance Characteristics Output Offset vs. Temperature 0 -10 (G = +5V/V (14dB), RL = 100Ω (differential), Ta = +25°C, +Vb1 = +Vb2 = +Vs = +5V, -Vb = -Vs = -5V; unless noted) Differential Output Offset vs. Temperature 4 3 2 Output (mV) Output (mV) Inputs/outputs terminated into 50Ω to GND -20 -30 -40 -50 1 0 -1 -2 --3 -4 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 OUT1 OUT2 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Temperature (°C) Low Frequency Gain vs. Temperature 14.2 8 6 14.1 4 Temperature (°C) Clipping Response Output (V) Gain (dB) 2 0 -2 -4 -6 14 13.9 13.8 0 20 40 60 80 -8 Time (2ns/div) Temperature (°C) REV. 1A February 2001 5 DATA SHEET KH600 +Vs Pin Description Pin #’s 6, 10 8 11 5 2 1 3 9 7 4, 12 Name +Vs -Vs +Vb1 +Vb2 -Vb IN1 IN2 OUT1 OUT2 GND Function Positive supply voltage Negative supply voltage Positive bias voltage for OUT1 Positive bias voltage for OUT2 Negative bias voltage for OUT1 and OUT2 Input 1, +IN Input 2, -IN +IN C1 0.01µF +OUT 12 11 +Vb1 -Vs GND +Vs 10 1 2 3 +Vb2 GND 9 -Vb U1 KH600 +Vs -Vs 8 7 -Vs +Vs C8 0.01µF +Vs GND -Vs -Vs C6 0.01µF 4 5 6 C4 0.01µF -IN -OUT +Vs C9 6.8µF C10 6.8µF Output 1, +OUT Output 2, -OUT Input termination ground and case Figure 1: Basic Circuit Configuration +Vb1 General Description Standard Operation: +Vb1 = +Vb2 = +Vs = +5V; -Vb = -Vs = -5V The KH600 is a 1GHz differential input/output amplifier constructed using Fairchild’s in-house thin film resistor/ bipolar transistor technology. A differential signal on the inputs of the KH600 will generate a differential signal at the outputs. If a single ended input signal is applied to IN1 and a fixed voltage to IN2, the KH600 will produce both a differential and common-mode output signal. To achieve the maximum dynamic range, center the inputs halfway between +Vs and -Vs. The KH600 includes 50Ω resistors from each input to ground, resulting in a differential input impedance of 100Ω. Each KH600 output has a 50Ω resistance, synthesized by feedback, providing a 100Ω differential output impedance. The KH600 has 3 bias voltage pins that can be used to: s s s C16 6.8µF + +Vs C15 0.01µF +IN C1 0.01µF +OUT 12 11 +Vb1 GND +Vs 10 1 -Vb C6 6.8µF C5 0.01µF 2 3 +Vb2 GND 9 -Vb U1 KH600 +Vs -Vs 8 7 -Vs + C8 0.01µF 4 5 6 -IN C13 0.01µF C4 0.01µF -OUT C14 6.8µF + +Vb2 +Vs +Vs GND +Vs GND -Vs -Vs Adjust the supply current Trim the differential output offset voltage Adjust the common mode output offset voltage over a ±3V range Figure 2: Optional Circuit Configuration (including optional supply current and offset adjust) Gain Differential Gain for the KH600 is defined as (OUT1– OUT2)/(IN1–IN2). Applying identical (same phase) signals to both inputs and measuring one output will provide the Common Mode Gain. Figure 3 shows the differential and common mode gains of the KH600. Figure 4 illustrates the response of the KH600 outputs when one input is driven and the other is terminated into 50Ω. C9 6.8µF C10 6.8µF If these adjustments are not required, short +Vb1 and +Vb2 to +Vs and -Vb to -Vs as shown in Figure 1. Throughout this data sheet, this configuration (+Vb1 = +Vb2 = +Vs = +5V and -Vb = -Vs = -5V) is referred to as the Standard Operating Condition. All of the plots in the Typical Performance section and the specifications in the Electrical Characteristics table utilize the basic circuit configuration shown in Figure 1, unless otherwise indicated. Figure 2 illustrates the optional circuit configuration, utilizing the bias voltage pins. Further discussions regarding these optional adjustments are provided later in this document. 6 REV. 1A February 2001 KH600 20 40 DATA SHEET -40 -35 -30 -Vb +Vb Supply Currents (mA) 15 Differential Gain 35 30 25 20 15 +Vb1 , +Vb2 -Vb Supply Currents (mA) Gain (dB) 10 5 0 Common Mode Gain -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 10 5 0 -5 -10 1M 10M 100M 1G Frequency (Hz) -Vb (V) Figure 3: Differential and Common Mode Gain 12 10 OUT1 Figure 6: Vb Supply Currents vs -Vb Power Dissipation The KH600 runs at “constant” power, which may be calculated by (Total Is)(Vs – (-Vs)). Under standard operating conditions, the power is 890mW. The power dissipated in the package is completely constant, independent of signal level. In other words, the KH600 runs class A. Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) The KH600 has 5 supply pins, +Vs, -Vs, +Vb1, +Vb2, and -Vb. All of these sources must be considered when measuring the PSRR. Figure 7 shows the response of +Vs and -Vs, looking at OUT2. +Vs and -Vs have the same effect on OUT1. -20 ±Vb = ±5V Gain (dB) 8 6 4 2 0 1M 10M 100M 1G OUT2 Frequency (Hz) Figure 4: Gain with Single-Ended Input Applied to IN1 Supply Current The KH600 draws supply current from the 2 Vs pins as well as the 3 Vb pins. Under Standard Conditions, the total supply current is typically 89mA. Changing the voltages on the bias voltage pins will change their respective supply currents as shown in Figures 5 and 6. 25 -25 -Vb -40 -60 dB -80 +Vs -Vs -100 -120 +Vb Supply Currents (mA) -Vb Supply Currents (mA) 20 15 +Vb2 -20 -15 -10 +Vb1 -140 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G Frequency (Hz) 10 5 0 -5 0 2 4 6 8 -5 0 5 Figure 7: ±Vs PSRR Figure 8 shows the response of OUT1 and OUT2 when +Vb1 changes. The PSRR of the Vb pins is “bad”, which means that they have a large effect on the response of the KH600 when their voltages are changed. This is the desired effect of the bias voltage pins. As Figure 8 indicates, changing +Vb1 has a greater effect on OUT1 than it does on OUT2. Changing +Vb1 has a direct effect on OUT1. Changing +Vb2 has a direct effect on OUT2. See the Trimming Differential Output Offset Voltage section for more details. +Vb1 (V) Figure 5: Vb Supply Currents vs +Vb1 Changing the voltage on the +Vb1 pin will alter the supply current for +Vb1 only, +Vb2 and -Vb stay constant at typically 11mA and 22mA respectively. See Figure 5. The same principle applies for +Vb2. And Figure 6 illustrates the effect of changing -Vb. REV. 1A February 2001 7 DATA SHEET 0 -20 -40 OUT1 KH600 160 Total supply Current (mA) ±Vs = ±5V 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 ±Vs = ±5V -60 dB -80 -100 -120 -140 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G OUT2 2 4 6 8 Frequency (Hz) Vb (V) Figure 8: +Vb PSRR Single-to-Differential Operation The KH600 is specifically designed for differential-todifferential operation. However, the KH600 can be used in a single-to-differential configuration with some performance degradation. The unused input should be terminated into 50Ω. When driven single-ended, there will be a slight imbalance in the differential output voltages, see Figure 4. This imbalance is approximately 2.88dB. To compensate for this imbalance, attenuate the higher gain output. (If the signal is applied to IN1, attenuate OUT1.) Unused Inputs and/or Outputs For optimal performance, terminate any unused inputs and/or outputs with 50Ω. Adjusting Supply Current The KH600 operates class A, so maximum output current is directly proportional to supply current. Adjusting the voltages on +Vb1 and +Vb2 in opposition to -Vb controls supply current. The default supply current of the KH600 has been optimized for best bandwidth and distortion performance. The main reason for adjusting supply current is to either reduce power or increase maximum output current. Adjusting the supply current will not significantly improve bandwidth or distortion and may actually degrade them. To adjust the supply current, apply voltages of equal magnitude, but opposite polarity, to the bias voltage pins. For example, setting +Vb1, +Vb2 to +5VDC and -Vb to -5VDC (as shown in Figure 2) results in the standard supply current condition. Setting +Vb1, +Vb2 to +5.5V and -Vb to -5.5V results in an approximate 10% increase in supply current. Figure 9 shows the how the total supply current of the KH600 is effected by changes in the bias voltages (Vb = +Vb1 = +Vb2 = |-Vb|). Figure 9: Total Supply Current vs. Vb Supply current is relatively independent of the voltages on +Vs and -Vs as shown in Figure 10. 100 Total supply Current (mA) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 ±Vb = ±5V Supply Voltage (±V) Figure 10: Total Supply Current vs. Vs 1100 -3dB Bandwidth (MHz) 1000 900 800 700 600 500 40 60 80 100 120 140 Total Supply Current (mA) Figure 11: -3dB Bandwidth vs. Is 8 REV. 1A February 2001 KH600 -40 2Vpp @ 50MHz DATA SHEET 800 600 3rd -50 Distortion (dB) Output (mV) -60 -70 -80 2nd 400 200 0 OUT2 OUT1 -200 -400 -600 -90 -100 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 2 4 6 8 Total Supply Current (mA) +Vb2 (V) Figure 12: Harmonic Distortion vs. Total Is -10 5Vpp @ 50MHz Figure 15: Output vs. +Vb2 800 600 -20 -30 Distortion (dB) -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 3rd 400 Output (mV) 200 OUT1, OUT2 0 2nd -200 -400 40 60 80 100 120 140 -600 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 -100 Total Supply Current (mA) -Vb (V) Figure 13: Harmonic Distortion vs. Total Is Trimming Differential Output Offset Voltage Vary +Vb1 and +Vb2 to adjust differential offset voltage. +Vb1 controls OUT1 and +Vb2 controls OUT2. The output voltage moves in a direction opposite to the direction of the bias voltage. Figure 14 shows the resulting voltage change at OUT1 and OUT2 when the voltage on +Vb1 is changed. Figure 15 shows the resulting voltage change at OUT1 and OUT2 when the voltage on +Vb2 is changed. OUT1 and OUT2 change at the same rate when -Vb is changed, as shown in Figure 16. Therefore, changing the voltage on -Vb has no effect on differential output offset voltage. 800 600 400 Figure 16: Output vs. -Vb Adjusting Common Mode Output Offset Voltage Short +Vb1 to +Vb2 and vary +Vb and -Vb to adjust common mode output offset voltage. The recommended values for achieving a given output offset are shown in Figure 17. These values were chosen to give the best distortion performance. The exact values are not crucial. 6 4 2 0 +Vb1, +Vb2 +Vs = +7.5V -Vs = -3.5V Volts (V) -2 -4 -6 -8 -Vb Output (mV) 200 0 OUT1 -10 -12 0 1 2 3 4 OUT2 Common Mode Voltage (V) -200 -400 -600 0 2 4 6 8 Figure 17: Vb vs. Common Mode Voltage +Vb1 (V) Figure 14: Output vs. +Vb1 REV. 1A February 2001 9 DATA SHEET KH600 For common mode voltages of 0 to -3.5V swap the Vb’s and change the polarity. See the example below. Desired Common Mode Voltage 2 Volts -2 Volts -40 +Vb1 and +Vb2 (V) 2 8 -Vb (V) -8 -2 Harmonic Distortion (dBc) -45 -50 -55 -60 +Vs = +7.5V -Vs = -3.5V 2Vpp, 50MHz Pay close attention to your peak-to-peak output voltage requirement. As you change the common mode voltage, you may need to increase or shift ±Vs in order to achieve your output requirements. A 2V margin is recommended. For example, if your output requirement is 5Vpp and you will be changing the common mode from 1V to 3V set Vs = +7.5 and -Vs to -3.5V. This example calls for a supply voltage of greater than 10V. This will not effect supply current because as Figure 10 indicates, changing ±Vs has no effect on supply current. Layout Considerations General layout and supply bypassing play major roles in high frequency performance. Fairchild has evaluation boards to use as a guide for high frequency layout and as aid in device testing and characterization. Follow the steps below as a basis for high frequency layout: HD2 HD3 HD3 -65 -70 -75 -80 0 1 2 3 4 HD2 s Common Mode Output Voltage (V) Include all recommended 6.8µF and 0.01µF bypass capacitors Place the 6.8µF capacitors within 0.75 inches of the power pin Place the 0.01µF capacitors within 0.1 inches of the power pin Remove the ground plane under and around the part, especially near the input and output pins to reduce parasitic capacitance Minimize all trace lengths to reduce series inductances A 10pF to 50pF bypass capacitor can be used between pins 5 and 6 and between pins 10 and 11 to reduce crosstalk from the positive supply Figure 18: 2Vpp HD vs. Common Mode Voltage -30 +Vs = +7.5V -Vs = -3.5V 5Vpp, 50MHz s s HD3 HD2 Harmonic Distortion (dBc) -35 -40 -45 -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 0 s s s 1 2 3 4 Common Mode Output Voltage (V) Refer to the evaluation board layouts shown in Figure 21 for more information. Evaluation Board Information The following evaluation boards are available to aid in the testing and layout of this device: Evaluation Board Description Basic KH600 Eval Bd KH600 Eval Bd with offset and Icc Adjust Option Figure 19: 5Vpp HD vs. Common Mode Voltage g 140 +Vs = +7.5V -Vs = -3.5V Supply Current (mA) 120 100 Is, -Is Products KH600 KH600 KEB007 KEB009 80 60 40 0 1 2 3 4 Common Mode Output Voltage (V) Figure 20: Resulting Is and -Is Figures 18 and 19 illustrate how the common mode voltage effects harmonic distortion. Figure 20 show the resulting Is and -Is supply currents. 10 Do not include capacitors C2, C3, C7, C11, and C12 that are shown on the KEB007 evaluation board. Evaluation board schematics and layouts are shown in Figure 21. Refer to the schematic shown in Figure 1 for the KEB007 board and Figure 2 for the KEB009 board. REV. 1A February 2001 KH600 DATA SHEET KH600 Evaluation Board Layout Figure 21a: KEB007 (top side) Figure 21b: KEB007 (bottom side) Figure 21c: KEB009 (top side) Figure 21d: KEB009 (bottom side) REV. 1A February 2001 11 DATA SHEET KH600 KH600 Package Dimensions A L e1 e2 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 φD D1 e 5 4 φb F k 3 2 1 α k1 TO-8 SYMBOL A φb φD φD1 e e1 e2 F k k1 L INCHES Minimun 0.142 0.016 0.595 0.543 Maximum 0.181 0.019 0.605 0.555 MILIMETERS Minimum 3.61 0.41 15.11 13.79 Maximum 4.60 0.48 15.37 14.10 NOTES: Seal: cap weld Lead finish: gold per MIL-M-38510 Package composition: Package: metal Lid: Type A per MIL-M-38510 0.400 BSC 0.200 BSC 0.100 BSC 0.016 0.026 0.026 0.310 0.030 0.036 0.036 0.340 10.16 BSC 5.08 BSC 2.54 BSC 0.41 0.66 0.66 7.87 0.76 0.91 0.91 8.64 α 45° BSC 45° BSC Ordering Information Part No. KH600AI Temperature -40 ° C to +85 ° C Package 12-pin TO8 Eval. Board KEB007, KEB009 DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICES TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. 2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. www.fairchildsemi.com © 2001 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation