908E626_09

Freescale Semiconductor Technical Data Document order number: MM908E626 Rev. 5.0, 7/2009 Integrated Stepper Motor Driver with Embedded MCU and LIN Serial Communication The 908E626 is an integrated single-package solution that includes a high performance HC08 microcontroller with a SMARTMOS TM analog control IC. The HC08 includes flash memory, a timer, enhanced serial communications interface (ESCI), an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), serial peripheral interface (SPI) (only internal), and an internal clock generator (ICG) module. The analog control die provides fully protected H-bridge outputs, voltage regulator, autonomous watchdog, and local interconnect network (LIN) physical layer. The single-package solution, together with LIN, provides optimal application performance adjustments and space-saving PCB design. It is well suited for the control of automotive stepper applications like climate control and light-levelling. Features • High performance M68HC08EY16 core • 16 K bytes of on-chip flash memory • 512 bytes of RAM • Internal clock generation module • Two 16-bit, 2-channel timers • 10-Bit Analog-to-Digital converter • Four low RDS(ON) half-bridge outputs • 13 microcontroller I/Os • Pb-free packaging designated by suffix code EK 908E626 STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER WITH EMBEDDED MCU AND LIN DWB SUFFIX EK SUFFIX (PB-FREE) 98ARL10519D 54-PIN SOICWB-EP ORDERING INFORMATION Device MM908E626AVEK MM908E626AVDWB Temperature Range (TA) -40°C to 115°C Package 54 SOICW EP 908E626 Simplified Application Diagram 908E626 LIN VREFH VDDA EVDD VDD VREFL VSSA EVSS VSS RST RST_A IRQ IRQ_A SS PTB1/AD1 RXD PTE1/RXD PTD1/TACH1 FGEN BEMF PTD0/TACH0/BEMF VSUP[1:3] HB1 HB2 HB3 HB4 S N Bipolar Step Motor HVDD Switchable Internal VDD Output GND[1:2] EP Port A I/Os Port B I/Os Port C I/Os Microcontroller Ports Figure 1. 908E626 Simplified Application Diagram * This document contains certain information on a new product. Specifications and information herein are subject to change without notice. © Freescale Semiconductor, Inc., 2005-2009. All rights reserved. 2 PTD0/TACH0 PTB1/AD1 VSUP1-3 GND1-2 RST_A IRQ_A FGEN BEMF PTD1/TACH1 PTE1/RXD VREFH SS EVDD VREFL VDDA M68HC08 CPU CPU ALU Registers 908E626 EVSS RXD RST LIN IRQ Single Breakpoint Break Module 5-Bit Keyboard Interrupt Module PTE0/TXD TXD LIN Physical Layer Switched VDD Driver & Diagnostic 2-channel Timer Interface Module A 2-channel Timer Interface Module B Enhanced Serial Communication Interface Module Computer Operating Properly Module PTC0/MISO PTC1/MOSI PTA5/SPSCK MOSI SPSCK BEMF FGEN Half Bridge Driver & Diagnostic Autonomous Watchdog Chip Temp VSUP Prescaler BEMF BEMF FGEN Half Bridge Driver & Diagnostic VSUP HB4 MISO BEMF SPI & CONTROL FGEN Half Bridge Driver & Diagnostic VSUP HB3 Serial Peripheral Interface Module Configuration Register Module Periodic Wake-up Timebase Module Arbiter Module Prescaler Module BEMF Module SS Interrupt Control Module FGEN Half Bridge Driver & Diagnostic VSUP HB2 VSUP HB1 Reset Control Module Voltage Regulator VSSA VSS VDD HVDD Control and Status Register, 64 Bytes User Flash, 15,872 Bytes User RAM, 512 Bytes Monitor ROM, 310 Bytes Flash programming (Burn-in), 1024 Bytes User Flash Vector Space, 36 Bytes OSC2 Internal Clock OSC1 Generator Module RST IRQ Single External IRQ Module 24 Integral System Integration Module Internal Bus VREFH VDDA 10 Bit Analog-toVREFL Digital Converter Module VSSA VDD POWER VSS Power-ON Reset Module Security Module PORT C DDRC DDRA PORT A PTC4/OSC1 PTC3/OSC2 PTC2/MCLK PTC1/MOSI PTC0/MISO PTD1/TACH1 PTB0/AD0 PTD0/TACH0 PTE1/RXD PTE0/TXD Analog Die ADOUT Analog Multiplexer PORT D PORT E DDRD DDRE DDRB PORT B PTA6/SS PTA5/SPSCK PTA4/KBD4 PTA3/KBD3 PTA2/KBD2 PTA1/KBD1 PTA0/KBD0 PTB7/AD7/TBCH1 PTB6/AD6/TBCH0 PTB5/AD5 PTB4/AD4 PTB3/AD3 PTB2/AD2 PTB0/AD0 MCU Die PTB0/AD0 PTA0/KBD0 PTA1/KBD1 PTA2/KBD2 PTA3/KBD3 PTA4/KBD4 PTB3/AD3 PTB4/AD4 PTB5/AD5 PTB6/AD6/TBCH0 PTB7/AD7/TBCH1 Figure 2. Figure 1. 908E626 Simplified Internal Block Diagram PTC2/MCLK PTC3/OSC2 PTC4/OSC1 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FLSVPP PIN CONNECTIONS PIN CONNECTIONS Transparent Top View of Package PTB7/AD7/TBCH1 PTB6/AD6/TBCH0 PTC4/OSC1 PTC3/OSC2 PTC2/MCLK PTB5/AD5 PTB4/AD4 PTB3/AD3 IRQ RST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 PTB1/AD1 PTD0/TACH0/BEMF PTD1/TACH1 NC FGEN BEMF RST_A IRQ_A SS Exposed Pad 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 LIN NC NC HB1 VSUP1 GND1 HB2 VSUP2 PTA0/KBD0 PTA1/KBD1 PTA2/KBD2 FLSVPP PTA3/KBD3 PTA4/KBD4 VREFH VDDA EVDD EVSS VSSA VREFL PTE1/RXD RXD VSS NC VDD NC NC NC HVDD NC HB4 VSUP3 GND2 HB3 NC Figure 3. 908E626 Pin Connections Table 1. 908E626 PIN DEFINITIONS A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 14. Die MCU Pin 1 2 6 7 8 11 3 4 5 9 10 12 13 Pin Name PTB7/AD7/TBCH1 PTB6/AD6/TBCH0 PTB5/AD5 PTB4/AD4 PTB3/AD3 PTB1/AD1 PTC4/OSC1 PTC3/OSC2 PTC2/MCLK IRQ RST PTD0/TACH0/BEMF PTD1/TACH1 Formal Name Port B I/Os Definition These pins are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. MCU Port C I/Os These pins are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. This pin is an asynchronous external interrupt input pin. This pin is bidirectional, allowing a reset of the entire system. It is driven low when any internal reset source is asserted. These pins are special function, bidirectional I /O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. MCU MCU MCU External Interrupt Input External Reset Port D I /Os 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 3 PIN CONNECTIONS Table 1. 908E626 PIN DEFINITIONS A functional description of each pin can be found in the Functional Pin Description section beginning on page 14. Die – Pin 14, 21, 22, 28, 33, 35, 36, 37, 39 42 43 48 44 47 45 46 49 50 52 53 54 51 15 16 17 18 19 20 23 26 29 32 24 27 31 25 30 34 38 40 41 EP Pin Name NC Formal Name No Connect Not connected. Definition MCU MCU MCU MCU MCU PTE1/ RXD VREFL VREFH VSSA VDDA EVSS EVDD PTA4/KBD4 PTA3/KBD3 PTA2/KBD2 PTA1/KBD1 PTA0/KBD0 FLSVPP FGEN BEMF RST_A IRQ_A Port E I /O ADC References ADC Supply Pins MCU Power Supply Pins Port A I /Os This pin is a special function, bidirectional I/O port pin that can is shared with other functional modules in the MCU. These pins are the reference voltage pins for the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). These pins are the power supply pins for the analog-to-digital converter. These pins are the ground and power supply pins, respectively. The MCU operates from a single power supply. These pins are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. MCU Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Test Pin Current Limitation Frequency Input Back Electromagnetic Force Output Internal Reset Internal Interrupt Output Slave Select LIN Bus Half-bridge Outputs For test purposes only. Do not connect in the application. This is the input pin for the half-bridge current limitation PWM frequency. This pin gives the user information about back electromagnetic force (BEMF). This pin is the bidirectional reset pin of the analog die. This pin is the interrupt output pin of the analog die indicating errors or wake-up events. This pin is the SPI slave select pin for the analog chip. This pin represents the single-wire bus transmitter and receiver. This device includes power MOSFETs configured as four half-bridge driver outputs. These outputs may be configured for step motor drivers, DC motor drivers, or as high side and low side switches. These pins are device power supply pins. SS LIN HB1 HB2 HB3 HB4 VSUP1 VSUP2 VSUP3 GND1 GND2 HVDD VDD VSS RXD Exposed Pad Analog Power Supply Pins Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog – Power Ground Pins Switchable VDD Output Voltage Regulator Output Voltage Regulator Ground LIN Transceiver Output Exposed Pad These pins are device power ground connections. This pin is a switchable VDD output for driving resistive loads requiring a regulated 5.0V supply; e.g., 3 pin Hall-effect sensors. The + 5.0V voltage regulator output pin is intended to supply the embedded microcontroller. Ground pin for the connection of all non-power ground connections (microcontroller and sensors). This pin is the output of LIN transceiver. The exposed pad pin on the bottom side of the package conducts heat from the chip to the PCB board. 908E626 4 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. MAXIMUM RATINGS All voltages are with respect to ground unless otherwise noted. Exceeding limits on any pin may cause permanent damage to the device. Rating ELECTRICAL RATINGS Supply Voltage Analog Chip Supply Voltage under Normal Operation (Steadystate) Analog Chip Supply Voltage under Transient Conditions Microcontroller Chip Supply Voltage Input Pin Voltage Analog Chip Microcontroller Chip Maximum Microcontroller Current per Pin All Pins Except VDD, VSS, PTA0 : PTA6, PTC0 : PTC1 Pins PTA0 : PTA6, PTC0 : PTC1 Maximum Microcontroller VSS Output Current Maximum Microcontroller VDD Input Current LIN Supply Voltage Normal Operation (Steady-state) Transient Conditions (1) ESD Voltage Human Body Model Machine Model (3) Charge Device Model (4) THERMAL RATINGS Storage Temperature Operating Case Temperature (5) Operating Junction Temperature(6) Peak Package Reflow Temperature During Solder Mounting (7) TSTG TC TJ TSOLDER - 40 to 150 - 40 to 115 - 40 to 135 245 °C °C °C °C (2) (1) Symbol Value Unit V VSUP(SS) VSUP(PK) VDD - 0.3 to 28 - 0.3 to 40 - 0.3 to 6.0 V VIN (ANALOG) VIN (MCU) IPIN(1) IPIN(2) IMVSS IMVDD - 0.3 to 5.5 VSS - 0.3 to VDD + 0.3 mA ±15 ± 25 100 100 mA mA V VBUS(SS) VBUS(DYNAMIC) VESD1 VESD2 VESD3 -18 to 28 40 V ± 3000 ± 150 ± 500 Notes 1. Transient capability for pulses with a time of t < 0.5 sec. 2. ESD1 testing is performed in accordance with the Human Body Model (CZAP = 100pF, RZAP = 1500Ω). 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ESD2 testing is performed in accordance with the Machine Model (CZAP = 200pF, RZAP = 0Ω). ESD3 testing is performed in accordance with Charge Device Model, robotic (CZAP = 4.0pF). The limiting factor is junction temperature, taking into account the power dissipation, thermal resistance, and heat sinking. The temperature of analog and MCU die is strongly linked via the package, but can differ in dynamic load conditions, usually because of higher power dissipation on the analog die. The analog die temperature must not exceed 150°C under these conditions Pin soldering temperature is for 10 seconds maximum duration. Not designed for immersion soldering. Exceeding these limits may cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device. 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 5 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 3. STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All characteristics are for the analog chip only. Refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet for characteristics of the microcontroller chip. Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0V ≤ VSUP ≤ 16V, -40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 135°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic SUPPLY VOLTAGE Nominal Operating Voltage SUPPLY CURRENT NORMAL Mode VSUP = 12V, Power Die ON (PSON = 1), MCU Operating Using Internal Oscillator at 32MHz (8.0 MHz Bus Frequency), SPI, ESCI, ADC Enabled STOP Mode (8) VSUP = 12V, Cyclic Wake-up Disabled DIGITAL INTERFACE RATINGS (ANALOG DIE) Output Pins RST_A, IRQ_A Low State Output Voltage (IOUT = - 1.5mA) High State Output Voltage (IOUT = 1.0μA) Output Pins BEMF, RXD Low State Output Voltage (IOUT = - 1.5mA) High State Output Voltage (IOUT = 1.5mA) Output Pin RXD – Capacitance (9) Input Pins RST_A, FGEN, SS Input Logic Low Voltage Input Logic High Voltage Input Pins RST_A, FGEN, SS – Capacitance (9) Pins RST_A, IRQ_A – Pull-up Resistor Pin SS – Pull-up Resistor Pins FGEN, MOSI, SPSCK – Pull-down Resistor Pin TXD – Pull-up Current Source Notes 8. STOP mode current will increase if VSUP exceeds 15V. 9. This parameter is guaranteed by process monitoring but is not production tested. VIL VIH CIN RPULLUP1 RPULLUP2 RPULLDOWN IPULLUP – 3.5 – – – – – – – 4.0 10 60 60 35 1.5 – – – – – – pF kΩ kΩ kΩ μA VOL VOH CIN – 3.85 – – – 4.0 0.4 – – pF V VOL VOH – 3.85 – – 0.4 – V V IRUN mA – 20 – VSUP 8.0 – 18 V Symbol Min Typ Max Unit ISTOP – – 75 μA 908E626 6 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 3. STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) All characteristics are for the analog chip only. Refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet for characteristics of the microcontroller chip. Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0V ≤ VSUP ≤ 16V, -40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 135°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic SYSTEM RESETS AND INTERRUPTS High Voltage Reset Threshold Hysteresis Low Voltage Reset Threshold Hysteresis High Voltage Interrupt Threshold Hysteresis Low Voltage Interrupt Threshold Hysteresis High Temperature Reset (11) Threshold Hysteresis High Temperature Interrupt (12) Threshold Hysteresis VOLTAGE REGULATOR Normal Mode Output Voltage IOUT = 60mA, 6.0V < VSUP < 18V Load Regulation IOUT = 80mA, VSUP = 9.0V STOP Mode Output Voltage (Maximum Output Current 100μA)(10) VDDSTOP VLR – 4.45 – 4.7 100 5.0 V VDDRUN 4.75 5.0 5.25 mV V TION TIH – 5.0 160 – – – TRON TRH – 5.0 170 – – – VLVION VLVIH 6.5 – – 0.4 8.0 – VHVION VHVIH 17.5 – 21 1.0 23 – V VLVRON VLVRH 3.6 – 4.0 100 4.7 – V mV V VHVRON VHVRH 27 – 30 1.5 33 – V Symbol Min Typ Max Unit °C °C Notes 10. Tested to be VLVRON < VDDSTOP 11. This parameter is guaranteed by process monitoring but is not production tested. 12. High Temperature Interrupt (HTI) threshold is linked to High Temperature Reset (HTR) threshold (HTR = HTI + 10°C). 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 7 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 3. STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) All characteristics are for the analog chip only. Refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet for characteristics of the microcontroller chip. Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0V ≤ VSUP ≤ 16V, -40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 135°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic LIN PHYSICAL LAYER Output Low Level TXD LOW, 500Ω Pull-up to VSUP Output High Level TXD HIGH, IOUT = 1.0μA Pullup Resistor to VSUP Leakage Current to GND Recessive State (- 0.5V < VLIN < VSUP) Leakage Current to GND (VSUP Disconnected) Including Internal Pullup Resistor, VLIN @ -18V Including Internal Pullup Resistor, VLIN @ +18V LIN Receiver Recessive Dominant Threshold Input Hysteresis LIN Wake-up Threshold HALF-bridge OUTPUTS (HB1 : HB4) Switch ON Resistance @ TJ = 25°C with ILOAD = 1.0A High Side Low Side High Side Over-current Shutdown Low Side Over-current Shutdown Low Side Current Limitation @ TJ = 25°C Current Limit 1 (CLS2 = 0, CLS1 = 1, CLS0 = 1) Current Limit 2 (CLS2 = 1, CLS1 = 0, CLS0 = 0) Current Limit 3 (CLS2 = 1, CLS1 = 0, CLS0 = 1) Current Limit 4 (CLS2 = 1, CLS1 = 1, CLS0 = 0) Current Limit 5 (CLS2 = 1, CLS1 = 1, CLS0 = 1) Half-bridge Output HIGH Threshold for BEMF Detection Half-bridge Output LOW Threshold for BEMF Detection Hysteresis for BEMF Detection Low Side Current-to-Voltage Ratio (VADOUT [V] / IHB [A]) CSA = 1 CSA = 0 RATIOH RATIOL 7.0 1.0 12.0 2.0 14.0 3.0 RDS(ON)HB_HS RDS(ON)HB_LS – – 3.0 2.5 425 400 – – 500 500 7.5 7.5 mΩ VIH VIL VITH VIHY VWTH 0.6VLIN 0 – 0.01VSUP – – – VSUP / 2 – VSUP / 2 VSUP 0.4VLIN – 0.1VSUP – V IBUS_NO_GND IBUS – – - 600 25 – – V RSLAVE IBUS_PAS_REC 0.0 – 20 μA VLIN-HIGH VSUP - 1.0 20 – 30 – 60 kΩ μA VLIN-LOW – – 1.4 V V Symbol Min Typ Max Unit IHBHSOC IHBLSOC ICL1 ICL2 ICL3 ICL4 ICL5 VBEMFH VBEMFL VBEMFHY A A mA – 210 300 450 600 – – – 55 260 370 550 740 - 30 - 60 30 – 315 440 650 880 0.0 - 5.0 – V mV mV V/A 908E626 8 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 3. STATIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) All characteristics are for the analog chip only. Refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet for characteristics of the microcontroller chip. Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0V ≤ VSUP ≤ 16V, -40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 135°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic SWITCHABLE VDD OUTPUT (HVDD) Over-current Shutdown Threshold VSUP DOWN-SCALER Voltage Ratio (RATIOVSUP = VSUP / VADOUT) INTERNAL DIE TEMPERATURE SENSOR Voltage / Temperature Slope Output Voltage @ 25°C STTOV VT25 – 1.7 19 2.1 – 2.5 mV/ °C V RATIOVSUP 4.8 5.1 5.35 – IHVDDOCT 24 30 40 mA Symbol Min Typ Max Unit 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 9 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Table 4. DYNAMIC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS All characteristics are for the analog chip only. Please refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet for characteristics of the microcontroller chip. Characteristics noted under conditions 9.0V ≤ VSUP ≤ 16V, -40°C ≤ TJ ≤ 135°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values noted reflect the approximate parameter mean at TA = 25°C under nominal conditions, unless otherwise noted. Characteristic LIN PHYSICAL LAYER Propagation Delay (13), (14) TXD LOW to LIN LOW TXD HIGH to LIN HIGH LIN LOW to RXD LOW LIN HIGH to RXD HIGH TXD Symmetry RXD Symmetry Output Falling Edge Slew Rate (13), (15) 80% to 20% Output Rising Edge Slew Rate (13), (15) 20% to 80%, RBUS > 1.0kΩ, CBUS < 10nF LIN Rise / Fall Slew Rate Symmetry (13), (15) AUTONOMOUS WATCHDOG (AWD) AWD Oscillator Period AWD Period Low = 512 t OSC AWD Period High = 256 t OSC AWD Cyclic Wake-up On Time t OSC t AWDPH t AWDPL t AWDHPON – 16 8.0 – 40 22 11 90 – 28 14 – μs ms ms μs SRS SRR 1.0 - 2.0 2.0 – 3.0 2.0 μs μs t TXD-LIN-LOW t TXD-LIN-HIGH t LIN-RXD-LOW t LIN-RXD-HIGH t TXD-SYM t RXD-SYM SRF -1.0 - 2.0 - 3.0 V/μs – – – – - 2.0 - 2.0 – – 4.0 4.0 – – 6.0 6.0 8.0 8.0 2.0 2.0 V/μs Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Notes 13. All LIN characteristics are for initial LIN slew rate selection (20 kbaud) (SRS0 : SRS1= 00). 14. See Figure 4, page 11. 15. See Figure 5, page 12. MICROCONTROLLER PARAMETRICS Table 5. MICROCONTROLLER For a detailed microcontroller description, refer to the MC68HC908EY16 datasheet. Module Core Timer Flash RAM ADC SPI Description High Performance HC08 Core with a Maximum Internal Bus Frequency of 8.0MHz Two 16-Bit Timers with Two Channels (TIM A and TIM B) 16K Bytes 512 Bytes 10 Bit Analog-to-Digital Converter SPI Module 908E626 10 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TIMING DIAGRAMS Table 5. MICROCONTROLLER For a detailed microcontroller description, refer to the MC68HC908EY16 datasheet. Module ESCI Description Standard Serial Communication Interface (SCI) Module Bit-Time Measurement Arbitration Prescaler with Fine Baud-Rate Adjustment Internal Clock Generation Module Special Counter for SMARTMOS BEMF Output ICG BEMF Counter TIMING DIAGRAMS t TXD-LIN-LOW t Tx-LIN-low t TXD-LIN-HIGH tTx-LIN-high TXD Tx TXD LIN LIN Recessive State 0.9 VSUP 0.9 VSUP Recessive State 0.6 VSUP VSUP 0.4 VSUP 0.4 VSUP 0.1 VSUP 0.1 VSUP Dominant State Rx RXD t LIN-RXD-LOW t LIN-Rx-low t LIN-RXD-HIGH t LIN-Rx-high Figure 4. LIN Timing Description 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 11 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAMS Δt Fall-time Δt Rise-time 0.8 VSUP 0.8 VSUP 0.8 VSUP VSUP ΔV Fall ΔV Rise 0.2 VSUP 0.2 VSUP Dominant State 0.2 VSUP 0.2 VSUP SRF = ΔV Fall Δt Fall-time SRR = ΔV Rise Δt Rise-time Figure 5. LIN Slew Rate Description FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAMS 1.6 1.4 1.2 Volts TJ = 25°C Volts 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 Amperes Amperes Figure 6. Free Wheel Diode Forward Voltage H-Bridge Low Side 908E626 12 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAMS 250 200 TA = 125°C Dropout (mV) Drop Out (mV) 150 100 TA = 25°C 50 TA = - 40°C 0 0 5 5.0 10 15 ILoad (mA) I (mA) LOAD 20 25 Figure 7. Dropout Voltage on HVDD 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 13 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION The 908E626 device was designed and developed as a highly integrated and cost-effective solution for automotive and industrial applications. For automotive body electronics, the 908E626 is well suited to perform stepper motor control, e.g. for climate or light-levelling control via a 3-wire LIN bus. This device combines an standard HC08 MCU core (68HC908EY16) with flash memory together with a SMARTMOS IC chip. The SMARTMOS IC chip combines power and control in one chip. Power switches are provided on the SMARTMOS IC configured as four half-bridge outputs. Other ports are also provided including a selectable HVDD pin. An internal voltage regulator is provided on the SMARTMOS IC chip, which provides power to the MCU chip. Also included in this device is a LIN physical layer, which communicates using a single wire. This enables the device to be compatible with 3-wire bus systems, where one wire is used for communication, one for battery, and the third for ground. FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION See Figures 1, for a graphic representation of the various pins referred to in the following paragraphs. Also, see the pin diagram on Figures 3 for a depiction of the pin locations on the package. PORT D I /O PINS (PTD0:1) PTD1/ TACH1 and PTD0/ TACH0/BEMF are special function, bidirectional I /O port pins that can also be programmed to be timer pins. In step motor applications the PTD0 pin should be connected to the BEMF output of the analog die in order to evaluate the BEMF signal with a special BEMF module of the MCU. PTD1 pin is recommended for use as an output pin for generating the FGEN signal (PWM signal) if required by the application. PORT A I /O PINS (PTA0:4) These pins are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. PTA0 : PTA4 are shared with the keyboard interrupt pins, KBD0 : KBD4. The PTA5/SPSCK pin is not accessible in this device and is internally connected to the SPI clock pin of the analog die. The PTA6/SS pin is likewise not accessible. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. PORT E I /O PIN (PTE1) PTE1/ RXD and PTE0/ TXD are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that can also be programmed to be enhanced serial communication. PTE0/TXD is internally connected to the TXD pin of the analog die. The connection for the receiver must be done externally. PORT B I/O PINS (PTB1, PTB3:7) These pins are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. All pins are shared with the ADC module. The PTB6 : PTB7 pins are also shared with the Timer B module. PTB0/AD0 is internally connected to the ADOUT pin of the analog die, allowing diagnostic measurements to be calculated; e.g., current recopy, VSUP, etc. The PTB2/AD2 pin is not accessible in this device. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. EXTERNAL INTERRUPT PIN (IRQ) The IRQ pin is an asynchronous external interrupt pin. This pin contains an internal pull-up resistor that is always activated, even when the IRQ pin is pulled LOW. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. PORT C I/O PINS (PTC2:4) These pins are special function, bidirectional I/O port pins that are shared with other functional modules in the MCU. For example, PTC2 : PTC4 are shared with the ICG module. PTC0/MISO and PTC1/MOSI are not accessible in this device and are internally connected to the MISO and MOSI SPI pins of the analog die. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. EXTERNAL RESET PIN (RST) A logic [0] on the RST pin forces the MCU to a known startup state. RST is bidirectional, allowing a reset of the entire system. It is driven LOW when any internal reset source is asserted. This pin contains an internal pull-up resistor that is always activated, even when the reset pin is pulled LOW. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. 908E626 14 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION CURRENT LIMITATION FREQUENCY INPUT PIN (FGEN) Input pin for the half-bridge current limitation PWM frequency. This input is not a real PWM input pin; it should just supply the period of the PWM. The duty cycle will be generated automatically. Important The recommended FGEN frequency should be in the range of 0.1kHz to 20kHz. requirements of the half-bridge driver outputs, multiple VSUP pins are provided. All VSUP pins must be connected to get full chip functionality. POWER GROUND PINS (GND1 AND GND2) GND1 and GND2 are device power ground connections. Owing to the low ON-resistance and current requirements of the half-bridge driver outputs multiple pins are provided. GND1 and GND2 pins must be connected to get full chip functionality. BACK ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE OUTPUT PIN (BEMF) This pin gives the user information about back electromagnetic force (BEMF). This feature allows stall detection and coil failures in step motor applications. In order to evaluate this signal the pin must be directly connected to pin PTD0 / TACH0 / BEMF. SWITCHABLE VDD OUTPUT PIN (HVDD) The HVDD pin is a switchable VDD output for driving resistive loads requiring a regulated 5.0V supply; The output is short-circuit protected. RESET PIN (RST_A) RST_A is the bidirectional reset pin of the analog die. It is + 5.0V VOLTAGE REGULATOR OUTPUT PIN (VDD) The VDD pin is needed to place an external capacitor to stabilize the regulated output voltage. The VDD pin is intended to supply the embedded microcontroller. Important The VDD pin should not be used to supply other loads; use the HVDD pin for this purpose. The VDD, EVDD, VDDA, and VREFH pins must be connected together. an open drain with pull-up resistor and must be connected to the RST pin of the MCU. INTERRUPT PIN (IRQ_A) IRQ_A is the interrupt output pin of the analog die indicating errors or wake-up events. It is an open drain with pull-up resistor and must be connected to the IRQ pin of the MCU. VOLTAGE REGULATOR GROUND PIN (VSS) The VSS pin is the ground pin for the connection of all nonpower ground connections (microcontroller and sensors). Important VSS, EVSS, VSSA, and VREFL pins must be connected together. SLAVE SELECT PIN (SS) This pin is the SPI Slave Select pin for the analog chip. All other SPI connections are done internally. SS must be connected to PTB1 or any other logic I /O of the microcontroller. LIN TRANSCEIVER OUTPUT PIN (RXD) This pin is the output of LIN transceiver. The pin must be connected to the microcontroller’s Enhanced Serial Communications Interface (ESCI) module (RXD pin). LIN BUS PIN (LIN) The LIN pin represents the single-wire bus transmitter and receiver. It is suited for automotive bus systems and is based on the LIN bus specification. ADC REFERENCE PINS (VREFL AND VREFH) VREFL and VREFH are the reference voltage pins for the ADC. It is recommended that a high quality ceramic decoupling capacitor be placed between these pins. Important VREFH is the high reference supply for the ADC and should be tied to the same potential as VDDA via separate traces. VREFL is the low reference supply for the ADC and should be tied to the same potential as VSS via separate traces. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. HALF-BRIDGE OUTPUT PINS (HB1: HB4) The 908E626 device includes power MOSFETs configured as four half-bridge driver outputs. The HB1: HB4 outputs may be configured for step motor drivers, DC motor drivers, or as high side and low side switches. The HB1: HB4 outputs are short-circuit and overtemperature protected, and they feature current recopy, current limitation, and BEMF generation. Current limitation and recopy are done on the low side MOSFETs. ADC SUPPLY PINS (VDDA AND VSSA) VDDA and VSSA are the power supply pins for the analogto-digital converter (ADC). It is recommended that a high quality ceramic decoupling capacitor be placed between these pins. Important VDDA is the supply for the ADC and should be tied to the same potential as EVDD via separate traces. POWER SUPPLY PINS (VSUP1: VSUP3) VSUP1: VSUP3 are device power supply pins. The nominal input voltage is designed for operation from 12V systems. Owing to the low ON-resistance and current 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 15 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL PIN DESCRIPTION VSSA is the ground pin for the ADC and should be tied to the same potential as EVSS via separate traces. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. TEST PIN (FLSVPP) This pin is for test purposes only. This pin should be either left open (not connected) or connected to GND. MCU POWER SUPPLY PINS (EVDD AND EVSS) EVDD and EVSS are the power supply and ground pins. The MCU operates from a single power supply. Fast signal transitions on MCU pins place high, shortduration current demands on the power supply. To prevent noise problems, take special care to provide power supply bypassing at the MCU. For details refer to the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. EXPOSED PAD PIN The exposed pad pin on the bottom side of the package conducts heat from the chip to the PCB board. For thermal performance the pad must be soldered to the PCB board. It is recommended that the pad be connected to the ground potential. 908E626 16 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES INTERRUPTS The 908E626 has six different interrupt sources as described in the following paragraphs. The interrupts can be disabled or enabled via the SPI. After reset all interrupts are automatically disabled. above the HTI threshold, the HTI flag will be set. If the High Temperature Interrupt is enabled, an interrupt will be initiated. During STOP mode the HTI circuitry is disabled. AUTONOMOUS WATCHDOG INTERRUPT (AWD) LOW VOLTAGE INTERRUPT The Low Voltage Interrupt (LVI) is related to the external supply voltage, VSUP. If this voltage falls below the LVI threshold, it will set the LVI flag. If the low voltage interrupt is enabled, an interrupt will be initiated. With LVI the H-bridges (high side MOSFET only) are switched off. All other modules are not influenced by this interrupt. During STOP mode the LVI circuitry is disabled. Refer to Autonomous Watchdog (AWD) on page 31. LIN INTERRUPT If the LINIE bit is set, a falling edge on the LIN pin will generate an interrupt. During STOP mode this interrupt will initiate a system wake-up. OVER-CURRENT INTERRUPT If an over-current condition on a half-bridge or the HVDD output is detected and the OCIE bit is set and an interrupt generated. HIGH VOLTAGE INTERRUPT The High voltage Interrupt (HVI) is related to the external supply voltage, VSUP. If this voltage rises above the HVI threshold, it will set the HVI flag. If the High voltage Interrupt is enabled, an interrupt will be initiated. With HVI the H-bridges (high side MOSFET only) are switched off. All other modules are not influenced by this interrupt. During STOP mode the HVI circuitry is disabled. SYSTEM WAKE-UP System wake-up can be initiated by any of four events: • A falling edge on the LIN pin • A wake-up signal from the AWD • An LVR condition If one of these wake-up events occurs and the interrupt mask bit for this event is set, the interrupt will wake-up the microcontroller as well as the main voltage regulator (MREG) Figures 8. HIGH TEMPERATURE INTERRUPT The High Temperature Interrupt (HTI) is generated by the on-chip temperature sensors. If the chip temperature is 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 17 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES MCU Die From Reset Analog Die Initialize Operate SPI: GS =1 (MREG off) STOP MREG STOP Wait for Action LIN AWD Hallport IRQ Interrupt? Assert IRQ_A SPI: Reason for Interrupt Start MREG Operate MREG = Main Voltage Regulator Figure 8. STOP Mode / Wake-up Procedure INTERRUPT FLAG REGISTER (IFR) Register Name and Address: IFR - $05 Bit 7 Read Write Reset 0 0 6 0 0 5 LINF 0 4 HTF 0 3 LVF 0 2 HVF 0 1 OCF Bit 0 0 This read / write flag is set on the falling edge at the LIN data line. Clear LINF by writing a logic [1] to LINF. Reset clears the LINF bit. Writing a logic [0] to LINF has no effect. • 1 = Falling edge on LIN data line has occurred. • 0 = Falling edge on LIN data line has not occurred since last clear. 0 0 HTF — HIGH TEMPERATURE FLAG BIT This read / write flag is set on a high temperature condition. Clear HTF by writing a logic [1] to HTF. If a high temperature condition is still present while writing a logic [1] to HTF, the LINF — LIN FLAG BIT 908E626 18 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES writing has no effect. Therefore, a high temperature interrupt cannot be lost due to inadvertent clearing of HTF. Reset clears the HTF bit. Writing a logic [0] to HTF has no effect. • 1 = High temperature condition has occurred. • 0 = High temperature condition has not occurred. the appropriate overcurrent flag in the SYSSTAT Register. See Figure 9, which shows the two signals triggering the OCF. • 1 = High current condition has occurred. • 0 = High current condition has not occurred. HVDD_OCF HB_OCF LVF — LOW VOLTAGE FLAG BIT This read / write flag is set on a low voltage condition. Clear LVF by writing a logic [1] to LVF. If a low voltage condition is still present while writing a logic [1] to LVF, the writing has no effect. Therefore, a low voltage interrupt cannot be lost due to inadvertent clearing of LVF. Reset clears the LVF bit. Writing a logic [0] to LVF has no effect. • 1 = Low voltage condition has occurred. • 0 = Low voltage condition has not occurred. OCF Figure 9. Principal Implementation for OCF INTERRUPT MASK REGISTER (IMR) Register Name and Address: IMR - $04 Bit 7 Read Write Reset 0 0 HVF — HIGH VOLTAGE FLAG BIT This read / write flag is set on a high voltage condition. Clear HVF by writing a logic [1] to HVF. If high voltage condition is still present while writing a logic [1] to HVF, the writing has no effect. Therefore, a high voltage interrupt cannot be lost due to inadvertent clearing of HVF. Reset clears the HVF bit. Writing a logic [0] to HVF has no effect. • 1 = High voltage condition has occurred. • 0 = High voltage condition has not occurred. 6 0 0 5 LINIE 0 4 HTIE 0 3 LVIE 0 2 HVIE 0 1 OCIE 0 Bit 0 0 0 LINIE — LIN LINE INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT This read / write bit enables CPU interrupts by the LIN flag, LINF. Reset clears the LINIE bit. • 1 = Interrupt requests from LINF flag enabled. • 0 = Interrupt requests from LINF flag disabled. OCF — OVER-CURRENT FLAG BIT This read-only flag is set on an overcurrent condition. Reset clears the OCF bit. To clear this flag, write a logic [1] to 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 19 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES HTIE — HIGH TEMPERATURE INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT This read / write bit enables CPU interrupts by the high temperature flag, HTF. Reset clears the HTIE bit. • 1 = Interrupt requests from HTF flag enabled. • 0 = Interrupt requests from HTF flag disabled. • 1 = Interrupt requests from HVF flag enabled. • 0 = Interrupt requests from HVF flag disabled. OCIE — OVER-CURRENT INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT This read / write bit enables CPU interrupts by the overcurrent flag, OCF. Reset clears the OCIE bit. • 1 = Interrupt requests from OCF flag enabled. • 0 = Interrupt requests from OCF flag disabled. LVIE — LOW VOLTAGE INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT This read / write bit enables CPU interrupts by the low voltage flag, LVF. Reset clears the LVIE bit. • 1 = Interrupt requests from LVF flag enabled. • 0 = Interrupt requests from LVF flag disabled. RESET The 908E626 chip has four internal reset sources and one external reset source, as explained in the paragraphs below. Figure 10 depicts the internal reset sources. HVIE — HIGH VOLTAGE INTERRUPT ENABLE BIT This read / write bit enables CPU interrupts by the high voltage flag, HVF. Reset clears the HVIE bit. SPI REGISTERS AWDRE Flag AWD Reset Sensor HVRE Flag High-Voltage Reset Sensor VDD HTRE Flag RST_A High-Temperature Reset Sensor MONO FLOP Low-Voltage Reset Figure 10. Internal Reset Routing RESET INTERNAL SOURCES Autonomous Watchdog AWD modules generates a reset because of a timeout (watchdog function). High Temperature Reset To prevent damage to the device, a reset will be initiated if the temperature rises above a certain value. The reset is maskable with bit HTRE in the Reset Mask Register. After a reset the high temperature reset is disabled. Low Voltage Reset The LVR is related to the internal VDD. In case the voltage falls below a certain threshold, it will pull down the RST_A pin. High Voltage Reset The HVR is related to the external VSUP voltage. In case the voltage is above a certain threshold, it will pull down the RST_A pin. The reset is maskable with bit HVRE in the Reset Mask Register. After a reset the high voltage reset is disabled. 908E626 20 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES RESET EXTERNAL SOURCE External Reset Pin The microcontroller has the capability of resetting the SMARTMOS device by pulling down the RST pin. Reset Mask Register (RMR) TTEST — High Temperature Reset Test This read / write bit is for test purposes only. It decreases the overtemperature shutdown limit for final test. Reset clears the HTRE bit. • 1 = Low temperature threshold enabled. • 0 = Low temperature threshold disabled. HVRE — High Voltage Reset Enable Bit Register Name and Address: RMR - $06 Bit 7 Read Write Reset TTEST 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 HVRE 0 Bit 0 HTRE This read / write bit enables resets on high voltage conditions. Reset clears the HVRE bit. • 1 = High voltage reset enabled. • 0 = High voltage reset disabled. HTRE — High Temperature Reset Enable Bit 0 0 0 0 0 0 This read / write bit enables resets on high temperature conditions. Reset clears the HTRE bit. • 1 = High temperature reset enabled. • 0 = High temperature reset disabled. SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE The serial peripheral interface (SPI) creates the communication link between the microcontroller and the 908E626. The interface consists of four pins (see Figure 11): • SS — Slave Select • MOSI — Master-Out Slave-In • MISO — Master-In Slave-Out • SPSCK — Serial Clock (maximum frequency 4.0 MHz) A complete data transfer via the SPI consists of 2 bytes. The master sends address and data, slave system status, and data of the selected address. SS Read/Write, Address, Parity Data (Register write) P X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 MOSI R/W A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 System Status Register Data (Register read) S1 S0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 MISO S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 SPSCK Rising edge of SPSCK Change MISO/MOSI Output Falling edge of SPSCK Sample MISO/MOSI Input Slave latch register address Slave latch data Figure 11. SPI Protocol During the inactive phase of SS, the new data transfer is prepared. The falling edge on the SS line indicates the start of a new data transfer and puts MISO in the low-impedance mode. The first valid data are moved to MISO with the rising edge of SPSCK. The MISO output changes data on a rising edge of SPSCK. The MOSI input is sampled on a falling edge of SPSCK. The data transfer is only valid if exactly 16 sample clock edges are present in the active phase of SS. 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 21 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES After a write operation, the transmitted data is latched into the register by the rising edge of SS. Register read data is internally latched into the SPI at the time when the parity bit is transferred. SS HIGH forces MISO to high impedance. latched in the SMARTMOS register on rising edge of SS. Parity P The parity bit is equal to “0” if the number of 1 bits is an even number contained within R/ W, A4 : A0. If the number of 1 bits is odd, P equals “1”. For example, if R/ W = 1, A4 : A0 = 00001, then P equals “0.” The parity bit is only evaluated during a write operation. Bit X Not used. Master Data Byte Contains data to be written or no valid data during a read operation. MASTER ADDRESS BYTE A4 : A0 Contains the address of the desired register. R/W Contains information about a read or a write operation. • If R/ W = 1, the second byte of master contains no valid information, slave just transmits back register data. • If R/ W = 0, the master sends data to be written in the second byte, slave sends concurrently contents of selected register prior to write operation, write data is 908E626 22 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES Table 6. List of Registers Addr Register Name H-bridge Output (HBOUT) H-bridge Control (HBCTL) System Control (SYSCTL) Interrupt Mask (IMR) Interrupt Flag (IFR) Reset Mask (RMR) Analog Multiplexer Configuration (ADMUX) Reserved R/W R W R W R W R W R W R W R W R W $09 Reserved AWD Control (AWDCTL) Power Output (POUT) System Status (SYSSTAT) R W $0a R W R W R W 0 LINCL 0 0 0 0 0 AWDRST 0 AWDRE AWDIE 0 AWDF AWDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PSON SRS1 SRS0 Bit 7 HB4_H 6 HB4_L 5 HB3_H 0 4 HB3_L 0 3 HB2_H 0 2 HB2_L 1 HB1_H 0 HB1_L $01 $02 OFC_EN CSA CLS2 0 CLS1 0 CLS0 0 GS $03 0 0 $04 0 0 LINIE HTIE LVIE HVIE OCIE OCF 0 $05 0 0 0 LINF 0 HTF 0 LVF 0 HVF 0 0 $06 TTEST 0 HVRE HTRE $07 0 0 0 SS3 0 SS2 SS1 SS0 $08 0 0 0 $0b 0 0 LVF 0 HVF HVDDON 0 HTF $0c HVDD_OCF 0 HB_OCF Slave Status Byte Contains the contents of the System Status Register ($0c) independent of whether it is a write or read operation or which register was selected. Slave Data Byte Contains the contents of selected register. During a write operation it includes the register content prior to a write operation. SPI Register Overview Table 6 summarizes the SPI Register addresses and the bit names of each register. ANALOG DIE I / OS LIN Physical Layer The LIN bus pin provides a physical layer for single-wire communication in automotive applications. The LIN physical layer is designed to meet the LIN physical layer specification. The LIN driver is a low side MOSFET with internal current limitation and thermal shutdown. An internal pull-up resistor with a serial diode structure is integrated, so no external pullup components are required for the application in a slave node. The fall time from dominant to recessive and the rise time from recessive to dominant is controlled. The symmetry between both slew rate controls is guaranteed. The LIN pin offers high susceptibility immunity level from external disturbance, guaranteeing communication during external disturbance. 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 23 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES The LIN transmitter circuitry is enabled by setting the PSON bit in the System Control Register (SYSCTL). If the transmitter works in the current limitation region, the LINCL bit in the System Status Register (SYSSTAT) is set. Due to excessive power dissipation in the transmitter, software is advised to monitor this bit and turn the transmitter off immediately. TXD Pin The TXD pin is the MCU interface to control the state of the LIN transmitter (see Figure , page 2). When TXD is LOW, LIN output is low (dominant state). When TXD is HIGH, the LIN output MOSFET is turned off. The TXD pin has an internal pullup current source in order to set the LIN bus in recessive state in the event, for instance, the microcontroller could not control it during system power-up or power-down. RXD Pin The RXD transceiver pin is the MCU interface, which reports the state of the LIN bus voltage. LIN HIGH (recessive state) is reported by a high level on RXD, LIN LOW (dominant state) by a low level on RXD. STOP Mode/Wake-up Feature During STOP mode operation the transmitter of the physical layer is disabled. The receiver pin is still active and able to detect wake-up events on the LIN bus line.If LIN interrupt is enabled (LINIE bit in the Interrupt Mask Register is set), a falling edge on the LIN line causes an interrupt. This interrupt switches on the main voltage regulator and generates a system wake-up. Analog Multiplexer /ADOUT Pin The ADOUT pin is the analog output interface to the ADC of the MCU (see Figure , page 2). An analog multiplexer is used to read six internal diagnostic analog voltages. Current Recopy The analog multiplexer is connected to the four low side current sense circuits of the half-bridges. These sense circuits offer a voltage proportional to the current through the low side MOSFET. High or low resolution is selectable: 5.0V / 2.5A or 5.0V / 500mA, respectively. (Refer to Half-Bridge Current Recopy on page 28.) Temperature Sensor The 908E626 includes an on-chip temperature sensor. This sensor offers a voltage that is proportional to the actual chip junction temperature. VSUP Prescaler The VSUP prescaler permits the reading or measurement of the external supply voltage. The output of this voltage is VSUP / RATIOVSUP. The different internal diagnostic analog voltages can be selected with the ADMUX Register. Analog Multiplexer Configuration Register (ADMUX) Register Name and Address: ADMUX - $07 Bit 7 Read Write Reset 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 SS3 0 2 SS2 0 1 SS1 0 Bit 0 SS0 0 SS3, SS2, SS1, and SS0 — A / D Input Select Bits These read / write bits select the input to the ADC in the microcontroller according to Table 7, page 24. Reset clears SS3, SS2, SS1, and SS0 bits. Table 7. Analog Multiplexer Configuration Register SS3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SS2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 SS1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 SS0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Not Used Channel Current Recopy HB1 Current Recopy HB2 Current Recopy HB3 Current Recopy HB4 VSUP Prescaler Temperature Sensor Power Output Register (POUT) Register Name and Address: POUT - $0b Bit 7 Read Write Reset 0 0 0 6 0 5 0 (16) 4 0 (16) 3 0 (16) 2 0 (16) 1 HVDDO N Bit 0 0 (16) 0 0 0 0 0 0 Notes 16. This bit must always be set to 0. 908E626 24 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES HVDDON — HVDD On Bit This read/write bit enables HVDD output. Reset clears the HVDDON bit. • 1 = HVDD enabled. • 0 = HVDD disabled. Reset clears all bits in the H-bridge Output Register (HBOUT) owing to the fact that all half-bridge outputs are switched off. HB1: HB4 output features: • Short circuit (over-current) protection on high side and low side MOSFETs. • Current recopy feature (low side MOSFET). • Over-temperature protection. • Over-voltage and under-voltage protection. • Current limitation feature (low side MOSFET). VSUP HALF-BRIDGES Outputs HB1 : HB4 provide four low resistive half-bridge output stages. The half-bridges can be used in H-bridge, high side, or low side configurations. On/Off Status High-Side Driver Charge Pump, Overtemperature Protection, Overcurrent Protection Control BEMF HBx On/Off Status Current Limit Low-Side Driver Current Recopy, Current Limitation, Overcurrent Protection GND Figure 12. Half-bridge Push-Pull Output Driver Half-Bridge Control Each output MOSFET can be controlled individually. The general enable of the circuitry is done by setting PSON in the System Control Register (SYSCTL). HBx_L and HBx_H form one half-bridge. It is not possible to switch on both MOSFETs in one half-bridge at the same time. If both bits are set, the high side MOSFET has a higher priority. To avoid both MOSFETs (high side and low side) of one half-bridge being on at the same time, a break-before-make circuit exists. Switching the high side MOSFET on is inhibited as long as the potential between gate and VSS is not below a certain threshold. Switching the low side MOSFET on is blocked as long as the potential between gate and source of the high side MOSFET did not fall below a certain threshold. Half-bridge Output Register (HBOUT) Register Name and Address: HBOUT - $01 Bit 7 Read Write Reset HB4_ H 0 6 HB4_ L 0 5 HB3_ H 0 4 HB3_ L 0 3 HB2_ H 0 2 HB2_ L 0 1 HB1_ H 0 Bit 0 HB1_ L 0 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 25 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES HBx_L — Low Side On / Off Bits These read / write bits turn on the low side MOSFETs. Reset clears the HBx_L bits. • 1 = Low side MOSFET turned on for half-bridge output x. • 0 = Low side MOSFET turned off for half-bridge output x. HBx_H — High Side On/Off Bits These read / write bits turn on the high side MOSFETs. Reset clears the HBx_H bits. • 1 = High side MOSFET turned on for half-bridge output x. • 0 = High side MOSFET turned on for half-bridge output x. HALF-BRIDGE CURRENT LIMITATION Each low side MOSFET offers a current limit or constant current feature. This features is realized by a pulse width modulation on the low side MOSFET. The pulse width modulation on the outputs is controlled by the FGEN input and the load characteristics. The FGEN input provides the PWM frequency, whereas the duty cycle is controlled by the load characteristics. The recommended frequency range for the FGEN and the PWM is 0.1kHz to 20kHz. Functionality Each low side MOSFET switches off if a current above the selected current limit was detected. The 908E626 offers five different current limits (refer to Table 8, page 30, for current limit values). The low side MOSFET switches on again if a rising edge on the FGEN input was detected (Figure 13). 908E626 26 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES Coil Current H-Bridge low-side MOSFET will be switched off if select current limit is reached. H-Bridge low-side MOSFET will be turned on with each rising edge of the FGEN input. t (µs) Half-Bridge Low-Side Output t (µs) FGEN Input (MCU PWM Signal) t (µs) Minimum 50 µs Figure 13. Half-bridge Current Limitation Offset Chopping If bit OFC_EN in the H-bridge Control Register (HBCTL) is set, HB1 and HB2 will continue to switch on the low side MOSFETs with the rising edge of the FGEN signal and HB3 and HB4 will switch on the low side MOSFETs with the falling edge on the FGEN input. In step motor applications, this feature allows the reduction of EMI due to a reduction of the di/dt (Figure 14). 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 27 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES Coil1 Current Coil2 Current FGEN Input (MCU PWM Signal) HB1 HB2 HB3 HB4 Coil1….. Coil2….. Current in VSUP Line Figure 14. Offset Chopping for Step Motor Control HALF-BRIDGE CURRENT RECOPY Each low side MOSFET has an additional sense output to allow a current recopy feature. This sense source is internally connected to a shunt resistor. The drop voltage is amplified and switched to the analog multiplexer. The factor for the current sense amplification can be selected via bit CSA in the System Control Register. • CSA = 1: Low resolution selected (500 mA measurement range). • CSA = 0: High resolution selected (2.5 A measurement range). HALF-BRIDGE BEMF GENERATION The BEMF output is set to “1” if a recirculation current is detected in any half-bridge. This recirculation current flows via the two freewheeling diodes of the power MOSFETs. The BEMF circuitry detects that and generates a HIGH on the BEMF output as long as a recirculation current is detected. This signal provides a flexible and reliable detection of stall in step motor applications. For this the BEMF circuitry takes advantage of the instability of the electrical and mechanical behavior of a step motor when blocked. In addition the signal can be used for open load detection (absence of this signal) (see Figure 15, page 29). 908E626 28 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES Coil Current Voltage on 1 1 BEMF Signal Figure 15. BEMF Signal Generation HALF-BRIDGE OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION The half-bridge outputs provide an over-temperature prewarning with the HTF in the Interrupt Flag Register (IFR). In order to protect the outputs against over-temperature, the High Temperature Reset must be enabled. If this value is reached, the part generates a reset and disables all power outputs. by the low and high voltage interrupt circuitry. If one of these flags (LVF, HVF) is set, the outputs are automatically disabled. The over-voltage / under-voltage status flags are cleared (and the outputs re-enabled) by writing a logic [1] to the LVF / HVF flags in the Interrupt Flag Register or by reset. Clearing this flag is useless as long as a high or low voltage condition is present. Half-bridge Control Register (HBCTL) Register Name and Address: HBCTL - $02 Bit 7 Read Write Reset OFC_EN 0 HALF-BRIDGE OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION The half-bridges are protected against short to GND, short to VSUP, and load shorts. In the event an over-current on the high side is detected, the high side MOSFETs on all HB high side MOSFETs are switched off automatically. In the event an over-current on the low side is detected, all HB low side MOSFETs are switched off automatically. In both cases, the over-current status flag HB_OCF in the System Status Register (SYSSTAT) is set. The over-current status flag is cleared (and the outputs reenabled) by writing a logic [1] to the HB_OCF flag in the System Status Register or by reset. 6 CSA 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 CLS2 1 CLS1 0 Bit 0 CLS0 0 0 0 0 0 OFC_EN — H-bridge Offset Chopping Enable Bit This read / write bit enables offset chopping. Reset clears the OFC_EN bit. • 1 = Offset chopping enabled. • 0 = Offset chopping disabled. HALF-BRIDGE OVER-VOLTAGE / UNDERVOLTAGE The half-bridge outputs are protected against undervoltage and over-voltage conditions. This protection is done 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 29 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES CSA — H-bridges Current Sense Amplification Select Bit This read / write bit selects the current sense amplification of the H-bridges. Reset clears the CSA bit. • 1 = Current sense amplification set for measuring 0.5 A. • 0 = Current sense amplification set for measuring 2.5 A. CLS2 : CLS0 — H-bridge Current Limitation Selection Bits These read / write bits select the current limitation value according to Table 8. Reset clears the CLS2 : CLS0 bits. Table 8. H-bridge Current Limitation Value Selection CLS2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 CLS1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 CLS0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 55mA (typ) 260mA (typ) 370mA (typ) 550mA (typ) 740mA (typ) No Limit Current Limit System Control Register (SYSCTL) Register Name and Address: SYSCTL - $03 Bit 7 Read Write Reset PSON 0 6 SRS1 0 5 SRS0 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 Bit 0 0 GS 0 0 0 0 0 PSON — Power Stages On Bit This read / write bit enables the power stages (half-bridges, LIN transmitter and HVDD output). Reset clears the PSON bit. • 1 = Power stages enabled. • 0 = Power stages disabled. SRS0 : SRS1 — LIN Slew Rate Selection Bits These read / write bits enable the user to select the appropriate LIN slew rate for different baud rate configurations as shown in Table 9. The high speed slew rates are used, for example, for programming via the LIN and are not intended for use in the application. Table 9. LIN Slew Rate Selection Bits SRS1 0 0 1 1 SRS0 0 1 0 1 LIN Slew Rate Initial Slew Rate (20 kBaud) Slow Slew Rate (10 kBaud) High Speed II (8 x) High Speed I (4 x) Bits Switchable VDD Outputs The HVDD pin is a switchable VDD output pin. It can be used for driving external circuitry that requires a VDD voltage. The output is enabled with bit PSON in the System Control Register and can be switched on / off with bit HVDDON in the Power Output Register. Low or high voltage conditions (LVI / HVI) have no influence on this circuitry. HVDD Over-temperature Protection Over-temperature protection is enabled if the high temperature reset is enabled. Go to STOP Mode Bit (GS) This write-only bit instructs the 908E626 to power down and go into STOP mode. Reset or CPU interrupt requests clear the GS bit. • 1 = Power down and go into STOP mode • 0 = Not in STOP mode System Status Register (SYSSTAT) Register Name and Address: SYSSTAT - $0c Bit 7 Read Write Reset 0 0 0 HVDD Over-current Protection The HVDD output is protected against over-current. In the event the over-current limit is or was reached, the output automatically switches off and the HVDD over-current flag in the System Status Register is set. 6 LINCL 5 HVDD _OCF 0 4 0 0 3 LVF 2 HVF 1 HB_ OCF 0 Bit 0 HTF 0 0 0 LINCL — LIN Current Limitation Bit This read-only bit is set if the LIN transmitter operates in current limitation region. Due to excessive power dissipation 908E626 30 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION OPERATIONAL MODES in the transmitter, software is advised to turn the transmitter off immediately. • 1 = Transmitter operating in current limitation region. • 0 = Transmitter not operating in current limitation region. HVDD_OCF — HVDD Output Over-current Flag Bit This read / write flag is set on an over-current condition at the HVDD pin. Clear HVDD_OCF and enable the output by writing a logic [1] to the HVDD_OCF Flag. Reset clears the HVDD_OCF bit. Writing a logic [0] to HVDD_OCF has no effect. • 1 = Over-current condition on HVDD has occurred. • 0 = No over-current condition on HVDD has occurred. LVF — Low Voltage Bit This read only bit is a copy of the LVF bit in the Interrupt Flag Register. • 1 = Low voltage condition has occurred. • 0 = No low voltage condition has occurred. HVF — High Voltage Sensor Bit This read-only bit is a copy of the HVF bit in the Interrupt Flag Register. • 1 = High voltage condition has occurred. • 0 = No high voltage condition has occurred. HB_OCF — H-bridge Over-current Flag Bit This read / write flag is set on an over-current condition at the H-bridges. Clear HB_OCF and enable the H-bridge driver by writing a logic [1] to HB_OCF. Reset clears the HB_OCF bit. Writing a logic [0] to HB_OCF has no effect. • 1 = Over-current condition on H-bridges has occurred. • 0 = No over-current condition on H-bridges has occurred. HTF — Over-temperature Status Bit This read-only bit is a copy of the HTF bit in the Interrupt Flag Register. • 1 = Over-temperature condition has occurred. • 0 = No over-temperature condition has occurred. Watchdog The watchdog function is only available in RUN mode. On setting the AWDRE bit, watchdog functionality in RUN mode is activated. Once this function is enabled, it is not possible to disable it via software. If the timer reaches end value and AWDRE is set, a system reset is initiated. Operations of the watchdog function cease in STOP mode. Normal operation will be continued when the system is back to RUN mode. To prevent a watchdog reset, the watchdog timeout counter must be reset before it reaches the end value. This is done by a write to the AWDRST bit in the AWDCTL Register. PERIODIC INTERRUPT Periodic interrupt is only available in STOP mode. It is enabled by setting the AWDIE bit in the AWDCTL Register. If AWDIE is set, the AWD wakes up the system after a fixed period of time. This time period can be selected with bit AWDR in the AWDCTL Register. Autonomous Watchdog Control Register (AWDCTL) Register Name and Address: AWDCTL - $0a Bit 7 Read Write Reset 0 0 0 6 0 5 0 AWDRST 4 AWDRE 3 AWDIE 0 2 0(17) 0 1 0 0 Bit 0 AWDR 0 0 0 Notes 17. This bit must always be set to 0. AWDRST — Autonomous Watchdog Reset Bit This write-only bit resets the Autonomous Watchdog timeout period. AWDRST always reads 0. Reset clears AWDRST bit. • 1 = Reset AWD and restart timeout period. • 0 = No effect. AWDRE — Autonomous Watchdog Reset Enable Bit This read / write bit enables resets on AWD time-outs. A reset on the RST_A is asserted when the Autonomous Watchdog has reached the timeout and the Autonomous Watchdog is enabled. AWDRE is one-time setable (write once) after each reset. Reset clears the AWDRE bit. • 1 = Autonomous watchdog enabled. • 0 = Autonomous watchdog disabled. Autonomous Watchdog Interrupt Enable Bit (AWDIE) This read/write bit enables CPU interrupts by the Autonomous Watchdog timeout flag, AWFD. IRQ_A is only asserted when the device is in STOP mode. Reset clears the AWDIE bit. • 1 = CPU interrupt requests from AWDF enabled • 0 = CPU interrupt requests from AWDF disabled 908E626 AUTONOMOUS WATCHDOG (AWD) The Autonomous Watchdog module consists of three functions: • Watchdog function for the CPU in RUN mode • Periodic interrupt function in STOP mode The Autonomous Watchdog module allows to protect the CPU against code runaways. The AWD is enabled if AWDIE, AWDRE in the AWDCTL Register is set. If this bit is cleared, the AWD oscillator is disabled and the watchdog switched off. Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 31 FUNCTIONAL DEVICE OPERATION FACTORY TRIMMING AND CALIBRATION AWDR — Autonomous Watchdog Rate Bit This read / write bit selects the clock rate of the Autonomous Watchdog. Reset clears the AWDR bit. • 1 = Fast rate selected (10ms). • 0 = Slow rate selected (20ms). selected external components and external VDD load, additional external load may be required guarantee the MCU POR threshold being reached before the next power up. RUN Mode During RUN mode, the main voltage regulator is on. It provides a regulated supply to all digital sections. STOP Mode During STOP mode the STOP mode regulator supplies a regulated output voltage. The STOP mode regulator has a very limited output current capability. The output voltage will be lower than the output voltage of the main voltage regulator. VOLTAGE REGULATOR The 908E626 chip contains a low power, low drop voltage regulator to provide internal power and external power for the MCU. The VDD regulator accepts a unregulated input supply and provides a regulated VDD supply to all digital sections of the device. The output of the regulator is also connected to the VDD pin to provide the 5.0V to the microcontroller. Note: Under loss of power conditions, the discharge of the VDD capacitor may occur relatively slow. Based on the FACTORY TRIMMING AND CALIBRATION To enhance the ease-of-use of the 908E626, various parameters (e.g. ICG trim value) are stored in the flash memory of the device. The following flash memory locations are reserved for this purpose and might have a value different from the empty (0xFF) state: • 0xFD80: 0xFDDF Trim and Calibration Values • 0xFFFE : 0xFFFF Reset Vector In the event the application uses these parameters, one has to take care not to erase or override these values. If these parameters are not used, these flash locations can be erased and otherwise used. Trim Values Below the usage of the trim values located in the flash memory is explained Internal Clock Generator (ICG) Trim Value The internal clock generator (ICG) module is used to create a stable clock source for the microcontroller without using any external components. The untrimmed frequency of the low frequency base clock (IBASE), will vary as much as ±25 percent due to process, temperature, and voltage dependencies. To compensate this dependencies a ICG trim values is located at address $FDC2. After trimming the ICG is a range of typ. ±2% (±3% max.) at nominal conditions (filtered (100nF) and stabilized (4.7uF) VDD = 5V, TAmbient~25°C) and will vary over temperature and voltage (VDD) as indicated in the 68HC908EY16 datasheet. To trim the ICG this values has to be copied to the ICG Trim Register ICGTR at address $38 of the MCU. Important The value has to be copied after every reset. 908E626 32 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FACTORY TRIMMING AND CALIBRATION TYPICAL APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT As the 908E626 has the MC68HC908EY16 MCU embedded typically all the development tools available for the MCU also apply for this device, however due to the fact of the additional analog die circuitry and the nominal +12V supply voltage some additional items have to be considered: • nominal 12V rather than 5V or 3V supply • high voltage VTST might be applied not only to IRQ pin, but IRQ_A pin For a detailed information on the MCU related development support see the MC68HC908EY16 datasheet section development support. The programming is principally possible at two stages in the manufacturing process - first on chip level, before the IC is soldered onto a pcb board and second after the IC is soldered onto the pcb board. Chip level programming On Chip level the easiest way is to only power the MCU with +5V (see Figure 16) and not to provide the analog chip with VSUP, in this setup all the analog pin should be left open (e.g. VSUP[1:3]) and interconnections between MCU and analog die have to be separated (e.g. IRQ - IRQ_A). This mode is well described in the MC68HC908EY16 datasheet - section development support. VSUP[1:3] GND[1:2] VDD VSS +5V VREFH VDDA RST EVDD RST_A +5V 1 1µF + 3 4 1µF + 5 C2C1C2+ GND V+ 15 2 6 1µF 74HC125 7 T2OUT 8 R2IN T2IN 10 74HC125 3 5 R2OUT 9 2 1 3 6 4 5 10k DATA PTA1/KBD1 PTA0/KBD0 10k PTB3/AD3 + 9.8304MHz CLOCK +5V + CLK PTC4/OSC1 PTB4/AD4 10k 10k +5V C1+ VCC 16 + 1µF 1µF VTST IRQ IRQ_A VREFL 100nF 4.7µF MM908E626 VSSA EVSS MAX232 V- RS232 DB-9 2 Figure 16. Normal Monitor Mode Circuit (MCU only) Of course its also possible to supply the whole system with VSUP (12V) instead as described in Figure 17, page 34. PCB level programming If the IC is soldered onto the pcb board its typically not possible to separately power the MCU with +5V, the whole system has to be powered up providing VSUP (see Figure 17). 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 33 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FACTORY TRIMMING AND CALIBRATION VDD VSUP 47µF + 100nF VSUP[1:3] GND[1:2] VDD VSS VREFH VDDA RST EVDD RST_A VDD 1 1µF + 3 4 1µF + 5 C2C1C2+ GND V+ 15 2 6 1µF 74HC125 7 T2OUT 8 R2IN T2IN 10 74HC125 3 5 R2OUT 9 2 1 3 6 4 5 10k DATA PTA1/KBD1 PTA0/KBD0 10k PTB3/AD3 + 9.8304MHz CLOCK VDD + CLK PTC4/OSC1 PTB4/AD4 10k 10k VDD C1+ VCC 16 + 1µF 1µF VTST IRQ IRQ_A VREFL 100nF 4.7µF MM908E626 VSSA EVSS MAX232 V- RS232 DB-9 2 Figure 17. Normal Monitor Mode Circuit Table 10 summarizes the possible configurations and the necessary setups. Table 10. Monitor Mode Signal Requirements and Options Reset Vector Serial Communication PTA0 Normal Monitor Mode IRQ RST Mode Selection PTB3 0 ICG COP PTA1 0 PTB4 1 OFF OFF disabled disabled disabled Communication Speed Normal Request Baud Bus Timeout External Clock Frequency Rate disabled disabled disabled 9.8304 MHz 9.8304 MHz — 2.4576 MHz 2.4576 MHz Nominal 1.6MHz Nominal 1.6MHz 9600 9600 Nominal 6300 Nominal 6300 VTST VDD VDD X 1 Forced Monitor VDD GND $FFFF (blank) 1 0 X X ON User VDD VDD not $FFFF (not blank) X X X X ON enabled enabled — Notes 1. PTA0 must have a pull-up resistor to VDD in monitor mode 2. 3. 4. 5. External clock is a 4.9152MHz, 9.8304MHz or 19.6608MHz canned oscillator on OCS1 Communication speed with external clock is depending on external clock value. Baud rate is bus frequency / 256 X = don’t care VTST is a high voltage VDD + 3.5V ≤ VTST ≤ VDD + 4.5V 908E626 34 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FACTORY TRIMMING AND CALIBRATION EMC/EMI RECOMMENDATIONS This paragraph gives some device specific recommendations to improve EMC/EMI performance. Further generic design recommendations can be e.g. found on the Freescale web site www.freescale.com. VSUP pins (VSUP1:VSUP3) Its recommended to place a high quality ceramic decoupling capacitor close to the VSUP pins to improve EMC/EMI behavior. LIN pin For DPI (Direct Power Injection) and ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) its recommended to place a high quality ceramic decoupling capacitor near the LIN pin. An additional varistor will further increase the immunity against ESD. A ferrite in the LIN line will suppress some of the noise induced. Voltage regulator output pins (VDD and AGND) Use a high quality ceramic decoupling capacitor to stabilize the regulated voltage. D1 VSUP C1 + C2 VSUP1 VSUP2 VSUP3 VREFH L1 LIN V1 C5 C3 C4 EVSS VSSA VREFL GND2 LIN EVDD VDDA VDD VSS MCU digital supply pins (EVDD and EVSS) Fast signal transitions on MCU pins place high, short duration current demands on the power supply. To prevent noise problems, take special care to provide power supply bypassing at the MCU. It is recommended that a high quality ceramic decoupling capacitor be placed between these pins. MCU analog supply pins (VREFH, VDDA and VREFL, VSSA) To avoid noise on the analog supply pins its important to take special care on the layout. The MCU digital and analog supplies should be tied to the same potential via separate traces and connected to the voltage regulator output. Figure 18 and Figure 19 show the recommendations on schematics and layout level and Table 11 indicates recommended external components and layout considerations. MM908E625 GND1 Figure 18. EMC/EMI Recommendations 908E626 Analog Integrated Circuit Device Data Freescale Semiconductor 35 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS FACTORY TRIMMING AND CALIBRATION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 VDD NC VREFH VDDA EVDD EVSS VSSA VREFL 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 VSS 40 39 38 37 36 LIN NC NC VSUP1 GND1 VSUP2 NC VSUP3 GND2 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 908E626 C3 C4 C5 LIN L1 V1 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 GND C1 C2 VBAT Figure 19. PCB Layout Recommendations . Table 11. Component Value Recommendation Component C1 C2 C3 Recommended Value(1) Bulk Capacitor 100nF, SMD Ceramic, Low ESR 100nF, SMD Ceramic, Low ESR Close (